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Zhou Y, Tang S, Lv Y, Zhang D, Huang X, Chen Y, Lai C, Yong Q. The prebiotic impacts of galactose side-chain of tamarind xyloglucan oligosaccharides on gut microbiota. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37864. [PMID: 39323792 PMCID: PMC11422031 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
To explore the impacts of galactose side-chain on the prebiotic activity of xyloglucan oligosaccharides (XGOS), XGOS and de-galactosylated XGOS (DG-XGOS) were prepared from tamarind using an enzymatic method. The differences in structural features of XGOS and DG-XGOS were systematically analyzed. Their in vitro fermentation characteristics of human fecal microbiota were explored. These results indicated that both XGOS and DG-XGOS promoted short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production, decreased pH, and changed the microbiota composition of the fermentation broth. Comparatively, DG-XGOS was more effective than XGOS in producing SCFAs, inhibiting the phylum Proteobacteria prevalence, and promoting the phyla Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria prevalence. In summary, the xyloglucan degradation products exert potential prebiotic activity. Removing the galactose side-chains further enhances oligosaccharide utilization by fecal microbiota, offering a valuable approach to improve the biological efficacy of oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Zhou
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilisation of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China
| | - Shuo Tang
- Nanjing Institute of Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, Nanjing, 211111, PR China
| | - Ying Lv
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilisation of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China
| | - Daihui Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, 210042, PR China
| | - Xiaode Huang
- Nanjing Institute of Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, Nanjing, 211111, PR China
| | - Yanan Chen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilisation of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China
| | - Chenhuan Lai
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilisation of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China
| | - Qiang Yong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilisation of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China
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2
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Li S, Zhao L, Xiao J, Guo Y, Fu R, Zhang Y, Xu S. The gut microbiome: an important role in neurodegenerative diseases and their therapeutic advances. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:2217-2243. [PMID: 37787835 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
There are complex interactions between the gut and the brain. With increasing research on the relationship between gut microbiota and brain function, accumulated clinical and preclinical evidence suggests that gut microbiota is intimately involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Increasingly studies are beginning to focus on the association between gut microbiota and central nervous system (CNS) degenerative pathologies to find potential therapies for these refractory diseases. In this review, we summarize the changes in the gut microbiota in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and contribute to our understanding of the function of the gut microbiota in NDs and its possible involvement in the pathogenesis. We subsequently discuss therapeutic approaches targeting gut microbial abnormalities in these diseases, including antibiotics, diet, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Furthermore, we summarize some completed and ongoing clinical trials of interventions with gut microbes for NDs, which may provide new ideas for studying NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Li
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Linna Zhao
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuying Guo
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong Fu
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunsha Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shixin Xu
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China.
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3
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Yende AS, Sharma D. Obesity, dysbiosis and inflammation: interactions that modulate the efficacy of immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1444589. [PMID: 39253073 PMCID: PMC11381382 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1444589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen an outstanding growth in the understanding of connections between diet-induced obesity, dysbiosis and alterations in the tumor microenvironment. Now we appreciate that gut dysbiosis can exert important effects in distant target tissues via specific microbes and metabolites. Multiple studies have examined how diet-induced obese state is associated with gut dysbiosis and how gut microbes direct various physiological processes that help maintain obese state in a bidirectional crosstalk. Another tightly linked factor is sustained low grade inflammation in tumor microenvironment that is modulated by both obese state and dysbiosis, and influences tumor growth as well as response to immunotherapy. Our review brings together these important aspects and explores their connections. In this review, we discuss how obese state modulates various components of the breast tumor microenvironment and gut microbiota to achieve sustained low-grade inflammation. We explore the crosstalk between different components of tumor microenvironment and microbes, and how they might modulate the response to immunotherapy. Discussing studies from multiple tumor types, we delve to find common microbial characteristics that may positively or negatively influence immunotherapy efficacy in breast cancer and may guide future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh S Yende
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
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4
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Szuba M, Stachera W, Piwko A, Misiak M, Rutkevich R, Sota M, Atrushi L, Bennacer L, Nzekea D, Wu YC, Kim AT, Yu S, Ribeiro N, Dybicz M. Geohelminths: Use in the Treatment of Selected Human Diseases. Pathogens 2024; 13:703. [PMID: 39204303 PMCID: PMC11356798 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13080703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Research on the therapeutic use of parasites has been ongoing since the development of the "hygiene hypothesis". Parasites can stimulate the Th2-dependent response and suppress the Th1-dependent response, which is intensified in many diseases, especially allergic and autoinflammatory ones. In this review, we present the types of parasites used in helminth therapy and the range of diseases in which they may be useful. We also present the results of clinical trials conducted so far, which confirm the safety of such therapy and provide promising outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Monika Dybicz
- Department of General Biology and Parasitology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; (M.S.); (W.S.); (A.P.); (M.M.); (R.R.); (M.S.); (L.A.); (L.B.); (D.N.); (Y.C.W.); (A.T.K.); (S.Y.); (N.R.)
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5
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Fitzjerrells RL, Ollberding NJ, Mangalam AK. Looking at the full picture, using topic modeling to observe microbiome communities associated with disease. GUT MICROBES REPORTS 2024; 1:1-11. [PMID: 39183943 PMCID: PMC11340690 DOI: 10.1080/29933935.2024.2378067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The microbiome, a complex micro-ecosystem, helps the host with various vital physiological processes. Alterations of the microbiome (dysbiosis) have been linked with several diseases, and generally, differential abundance testing between the healthy and patient groups is performed to identify important bacteria. However, providing a singular species of bacteria to an individual as treatment has not been as successful as fecal microbiota transplant therapy, where the entire microbiome of a healthy individual is transferred. These observations suggest that a combination of bacteria might be crucial for the beneficial effects. Here we provide the framework to utilize topic modeling, an unsupervised machine learning approach, to identify a community of bacteria related to health or disease. Specifically, we used our previously published gut microbiome data of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), a neurodegenerative disease linked to a dysbiotic gut microbiome. We identified communities of bacteria associated with MS, including genera previously discovered, but also others that would have been overlooked by differential abundance testing. This method can be a useful tool for analyzing the microbiome, and it should be considered along with the commonly utilized differential abundance tests to better understand the role of the gut microbiome in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L. Fitzjerrells
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Informatics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Ollberding
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology; Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA
| | - Ashutosh K. Mangalam
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Informatics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Iowa City VA Health Care System, 601 US-6 W, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
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6
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Akhlaghi E, Salari E, Mansouri M, Shafiei M, Kalantar-Neyestanaki D, Aghassi H, Fasihi Harandi M. Identification and comparison of intestinal microbial diversity in patients at different stages of hepatic cystic echinococcosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18912. [PMID: 39143364 PMCID: PMC11324937 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a significant focus on the role of the host microbiome in different outcomes of human parasitic diseases, including cystic echinococcosis (CE). This study was conducted to identify the intestinal microbiome of patients with CE at different stages of hydatid cyst compared to healthy individuals. Stool samples from CE patients as well as healthy individuals were collected. The samples were divided into three groups representing various stages of hepatic hydatid cyst: active (CE1 and CE2), transitional (CE3), and inactive (CE4 and CE5). One family member from each group was selected to serve as a control. The gut microbiome of patients with different stages of hydatid cysts was investigated using metagenomic next-generation amplicon sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. In this study, we identified 4862 Operational Taxonomic Units from three stages of hydatid cysts in CE patients and healthy individuals with a combined frequency of 2,955,291. The most abundant genera observed in all the subjects were Blautia, Agathobacter, Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, and Prevotella. The highest microbial frequency was related to inactive forms of CE, and the lowest frequency was observed in the group with active forms. However, the lowest OTU diversity was found in patients with inactive cysts compared with those with active and transitional cyst stages. The genus Agatobacter had the highest OTU frequency. Pseudomonas, Gemella, and Ligilactobacillus showed significant differences among the patients with different stages of hydatid cysts. Additionally, Anaerostipes and Candidatus showed significantly different reads in CE patients compared to healthy individuals. Our findings indicate that several bacterial genera can play a role in the fate of hydatid cysts in patients at different stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Akhlaghi
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Department of Medical Parasitology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Elham Salari
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mansouri
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shafiei
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Department of Surgery, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Davood Kalantar-Neyestanaki
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hossein Aghassi
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Department of Medical Parasitology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Majid Fasihi Harandi
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Department of Medical Parasitology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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7
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Maes M, Zhou B, Vasupanrajit A, Jirakran K, Klomkliew P, Chanchaem P, Tunvirachaisakul C, Plaimas K, Suratanee A, Li J, Almulla AF, Payungporn S. A further examination of growth factors, T helper 1 polarization, and the gut microbiome in major depression: Associations with reoccurrence of illness, cognitive functions, suicidal behaviors, and quality of life. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 176:430-441. [PMID: 38968876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Growth factors, T helper (Th)1 polarization, and the microbiome are involved in the pathophysiology of major depression (MDD). It remains unclear whether the combination of these three pathways could enhance the accuracy of predicting the features of MDD, including recurrence of illness (ROI), suicidal behaviors and the phenome. We measured serum stem cell factor (SCF), stem cell growth factor (SCGF), stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the ratio of serum Th1/Th2 cytokines (zTh1-zTh2), and the abundances of gut microbiome taxa by analyzing stool samples using 16S rDNA sequencing from 32 MDD patients and 37 healthy controls. The results show that serum SCF is significantly lower and VEGF increased in MDD. Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and ROI are significantly associated with lowered SCF and increasing VEGF. Lifetime and current suicidal behaviors are strongly predicted (63.5%) by an increased VEGF/SCF ratio, Th1 polarization, a gut microbiome enterotype indicating gut dysbiosis, and lowered abundance of Dorea and Faecalobacterium. Around 80.5% of the variance in the phenome's severity is explained by ROI, ACEs, and lowered Parabacteroides distasonis and Clostridium IV abundances. A large part of the variance in health-related quality of life (54.1%) is explained by the VEGF/SCF ratio, Th1 polarization, ACE, and male sex. In conclusion, key features of MDD are largely predicted by the cumulative effects of ACE, Th1 polarization, aberrations in growth factors and the gut microbiome with increased pathobionts but lowered beneficial symbionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Maes
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China; Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610072, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Bo Zhou
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China; Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Asara Vasupanrajit
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Ketsupar Jirakran
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; Maximizing Thai Children's Developmental Potential Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Pavit Klomkliew
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Prangwalai Chanchaem
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Chavit Tunvirachaisakul
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Kitiporn Plaimas
- Advanced Virtual and Intelligent Computing (AVIC) Center, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Apichat Suratanee
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, 10800, Thailand.
| | - Jing Li
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China; Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Abbas F Almulla
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China; Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610072, China; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq.
| | - Sunchai Payungporn
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Fabi JP. The connection between gut microbiota and its metabolites with neurodegenerative diseases in humans. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:967-984. [PMID: 38848023 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-024-01369-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The aging of populations is a global phenomenon that follows a possible increase in the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Huntington's diseases are some neurodegenerative disorders that aging could initiate or aggravate. Recent research has indicated that intestinal microbiota dysbiosis can trigger metabolism and brain functioning, contributing to the etiopathogenesis of those neurodegenerative diseases. The intestinal microbiota and its metabolites show significant functions in various aspects, such as the immune system modulation (development and maturation), the maintenance of the intestinal barrier integrity, the modulation of neuromuscular functions in the intestine, and the facilitation of essential metabolic processes for both the microbiota and humans. The primary evidence supporting the connection between intestinal microbiota and its metabolites with neurodegenerative diseases are epidemiological observations and animal models experimentation. This paper reviews up-to-date evidence on the correlation between the microbiota-gut-brain axis and neurodegenerative diseases, with a specially focus on gut metabolites. Dysbiosis can increase inflammatory cytokines and bacterial metabolites, altering intestinal and blood-brain barrier permeability and causing neuroinflammation, thus facilitating the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Clinical data supporting this evidence still needs to be improved. Most of the works found are descriptive and associated with the presence of phyla or species of bacteria with neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the limitations of recent research, the potential for elucidating clinical questions that have thus far eluded clarification within prevailing pathophysiological frameworks of health and disease is promising through investigation of the interplay between the host and microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo Fabi
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508000, SP, Brazil.
- Food and Nutrition Research Center (NAPAN), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508080, SP, Brazil.
- Food Research Center (FoRC), CEPID-FAPESP (Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo, 05508080, SP, Brazil.
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9
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Schumacher SM, Doyle WJ, Hill K, Ochoa-Repáraz J. Gut microbiota in multiple sclerosis and animal models. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38817090 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic central nervous system (CNS) neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disease marked by a host immune reaction that targets and destroys the neuronal myelin sheath. MS and correlating animal disease models show comorbidities, including intestinal barrier disruption and alterations of the commensal microbiome. It is accepted that diet plays a crucial role in shaping the microbiota composition and overall gastrointestinal (GI) tract health, suggesting an interplay between nutrition and neuroinflammation via the gut-brain axis. Unfortunately, poor host health and diet lead to microbiota modifications that could lead to significant responses in the host, including inflammation and neurobehavioral changes. Beneficial microbial metabolites are essential for host homeostasis and inflammation control. This review will highlight the importance of the gut microbiota in the context of host inflammatory responses in MS and MS animal models. Additionally, microbial community restoration and how it affects MS and GI barrier integrity will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William J Doyle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, ID, USA
| | - Kristina Hill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, ID, USA
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10
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Saadh MJ, Ahmed HM, Alani ZK, Al Zuhairi RAH, Almarhoon ZM, Ahmad H, Ubaid M, Alwan NH. The Role of Gut-derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Multiple Sclerosis. Neuromolecular Med 2024; 26:14. [PMID: 38630350 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-024-08783-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic condition affecting the central nervous system (CNS), where the interplay of genetic and environmental factors influences its pathophysiology, triggering immune responses and instigating inflammation. Contemporary research has been notably dedicated to investigating the contributions of gut microbiota and their metabolites in modulating inflammatory reactions within the CNS. Recent recognition of the gut microbiome and dietary patterns as environmental elements impacting MS development emphasizes the potential influence of small, ubiquitous molecules from microbiota, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These molecules may serve as vital molecular signals or metabolic substances regulating host cellular metabolism in the intricate interplay between microbiota and the host. A current emphasis lies on optimizing the health-promoting attributes of colonic bacteria to mitigate urinary tract issues through dietary management. This review aims to spotlight recent investigations on the impact of SCFAs on immune cells pivotal in MS, the involvement of gut microbiota and SCFAs in MS development, and the considerable influence of probiotics on gastrointestinal disruptions in MS. Comprehending the gut-CNS connection holds promise for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches, particularly probiotic-based supplements, for managing MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan
| | - Hani Moslem Ahmed
- Department of Dental Industry Techniques, Al-Noor University College, Nineveh, Iraq
| | - Zaid Khalid Alani
- College of Health and Medical Technical, Al-Bayan University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Zainab M Almarhoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hijaz Ahmad
- Section of Mathematics, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Corso Vittorio Emanuele II, 39, 00186, Rome, Italy.
- Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Mubarak Al-Abdullah, Kuwait.
- Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Mohammed Ubaid
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
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11
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Cai Y, Wen S, Hu J, Wang Z, Huang G, Zeng Q, Zou J. Multiple reports on the causal relationship between various chronic pain and gut microbiota: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1369996. [PMID: 38694896 PMCID: PMC11061420 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1369996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous evidence suggests a link between gut microbiota and chronic pain, but the causal relationship is not yet fully understood. Methods We categorized gut microbiota based on phylum, class, order, family, and genus levels and gathered pain-related information from the UKB and FinnGen GWAS project. Then, we conducted MR analysis to explore the potential causal relationship between gut microbiota and chronic pain at 12 specific locations. Results We have discovered a direct connection between genetic susceptibility in the gut microbiota (gut metabolites) and pain experienced at 12 specific locations. Notably, Serotonin (5-HT) and Glycine were found to be associated with a higher risk of pain in the extremities. On the other hand, certain microbial families and orders were found to have a protective effect against migraines. Specifically, the family Bifidobacteriaceae (IVW, FDR p = 0.013) was associated with a lower risk of migraines. Furthermore, the genus Oxalobacter (IVW, FDR p = 0.044) was found to be linked to an increased risk of low back pain. Importantly, these associations remained significant even after applying the Benjamini-Hochberg correction test. Our analysis did not find any heterogeneity in the data (p > 0.05), as confirmed by the Cochrane's Q-test. Additionally, both the MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO tests indicated no significant evidence of horizontal pleiotropy (p > 0.05). Conclusion Our MR analysis demonstrated a causal relationship between the gut microbiota and pain, highlighting its potential significance in advancing our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and clinical implications of microbiota-mediated pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyang Wen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinjing Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guozhi Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Zeng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jihua Zou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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12
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Imdad S, Kim JH, So B, Jang J, Park J, Lim W, Lee YK, Shin WS, Hillyer T, Kang C. Effect of aerobic exercise and particulate matter exposure duration on the diversity of gut microbiota. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2024; 28:137-151. [PMID: 38601060 PMCID: PMC11005883 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2024.2338855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhalation of ambient particulate matter (PM) can disrupt the gut microbiome, while exercise independently influences the gut microbiome by promoting beneficial bacteria. In this study, we analyzed changes in gut microbial diversity and composition in response to combined interventions of PM exposure and aerobic exercise, extending up to 12 weeks. This investigation was conducted using mice, categorized into five groups: control group (Con), exercise group (EXE), exercise group followed by 3-day exposure to PM (EXE + 3-day PM), particulate matter exposure (PM), and PM exposure with concurrent treadmill exercise (PME). Notably, the PM group exhibited markedly lower alpha diversity and richness compared to the Con group and our analysis of beta diversity revealed significant variations among the intervention groups. Members of the Lachnospiraceae family showed significant enhancement in the exercise intervention groups (EXE and PME) compared to the Con and PM groups. The biomarker Lactobacillus, Coriobacteraceae, and Anaerofustis were enriched in the EXE group, while Desulfovibrionaceae, Mucispirillum schaedleri, Lactococcus and Anaeroplasma were highly enriched in the PM group. Differential abundance analysis revealed that Paraprevotella, Bacteroides, and Blautia were less abundant in the 12-week PM exposure group than in the 3-day PM exposure group. Moreover, both the 3-day and 12-week PM exposure groups exhibited a reduced relative abundance of Bacteroides uniformis, SMB53, and Staphylococcus compared to non-PM exposure groups. These findings will help delineate the possible roles and associations of altered microbiota resulting from the studied interventions, paving the way for future mechanistic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Imdad
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism in Health & Disease, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Byunghun So
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism in Health & Disease, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Junho Jang
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism in Health & Disease, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jinhan Park
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism in Health & Disease, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Wonchung Lim
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Kwang Lee
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Woo Shik Shin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Trae Hillyer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Chounghun Kang
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism in Health & Disease, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
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13
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Pereira QC, Fortunato IM, Oliveira FDS, Alvarez MC, dos Santos TW, Ribeiro ML. Polyphenolic Compounds: Orchestrating Intestinal Microbiota Harmony during Aging. Nutrients 2024; 16:1066. [PMID: 38613099 PMCID: PMC11013902 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In the aging process, physiological decline occurs, posing a substantial threat to the physical and mental well-being of the elderly and contributing to the onset of age-related diseases. While traditional perspectives considered the maintenance of life as influenced by a myriad of factors, including environmental, genetic, epigenetic, and lifestyle elements such as exercise and diet, the pivotal role of symbiotic microorganisms had been understated. Presently, it is acknowledged that the intestinal microbiota plays a profound role in overall health by signaling to both the central and peripheral nervous systems, as well as other distant organs. Disruption in this bidirectional communication between bacteria and the host results in dysbiosis, fostering the development of various diseases, including neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. This review aims to delve into the intricate biological mechanisms underpinning dysbiosis associated with aging and the clinical ramifications of such dysregulation. Furthermore, we aspire to explore bioactive compounds endowed with functional properties capable of modulating and restoring balance in this aging-related dysbiotic process through epigenetics alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quélita Cristina Pereira
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (Q.C.P.); (I.M.F.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
| | - Isabela Monique Fortunato
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (Q.C.P.); (I.M.F.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
| | - Fabricio de Sousa Oliveira
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (Q.C.P.); (I.M.F.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
| | - Marisa Claudia Alvarez
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (Q.C.P.); (I.M.F.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Center, University of Campinas/Hemocentro, UNICAMP, Rua Carlos Chagas 480, Campinas 13083-878, SP, Brazil
| | - Tanila Wood dos Santos
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (Q.C.P.); (I.M.F.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
| | - Marcelo Lima Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (Q.C.P.); (I.M.F.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
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14
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Hussain N, Muccee F. In-silico characterization of GABAT protein found in gut-brain axis associated bacteria of healthy individuals and multiple sclerosis patients. Saudi J Biol Sci 2024; 31:103939. [PMID: 38352114 PMCID: PMC10859293 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by inflammation and demyelination of neurons. There is evidence to suggest that level of a neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), due to the degradation by γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase (GABAT), is reduced in certain areas of the brain in MS patients. MS is always accompanied by gut bacteria dysbiosis. In healthy individuals, Faecalibacterium sp. while in MS patients A. calcoaceticus, Clostridium sp. and S. typhimurium are found abundantly. Although all these microbes produce GABAT but only in MS patients this enzyme significantly degrades GABA. Objective Present study is an attempt to characterize the GABAT protein sequences of these bacteria. Methodology Sequences of GABAT protein were retrieved from Uniprot database. Sequences were analyzed by Protparam, Gneg-mPLoc, SOSUI, PFP-FunDSeqE, Pepwheel program, PROTEUS and Alphafold and SAVES servers, MEME suite and HDOCK server. Results In healthy individuals gastrointestinal tract (GIT) bacteria, GABAT protein was present in inner-membrane with α helix content (61 and 62%) and β sheet content (5%), 4-helical cytokines functional domains. It has greater number of B-cell epitopes and more complex 3D configuration as compared to MS patients GIT bacterial enzymes. Conclusion Present study might enable us to modify the GABAT encoding gene and enzyme through site-directed mutagenesis in pathogenic bacteria thus reducing their potential of causing MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain Campus, Al Ain 64141, United Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi P. O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatima Muccee
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Punjab, Lahore 52254, Pakistan
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15
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Torma F, Kerepesi C, Jókai M, Babszki G, Koltai E, Ligeti B, Kalcsevszki R, McGreevy KM, Horvath S, Radák Z. Alterations of the gut microbiome are associated with epigenetic age acceleration and physical fitness. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14101. [PMID: 38414315 PMCID: PMC11019127 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic clocks can measure aging and predict the incidence of diseases and mortality. Higher levels of physical fitness are associated with a slower aging process and a healthier lifespan. Microbiome alterations occur in various diseases and during the aging process, yet their relation to epigenetic clocks is not explored. To fill this gap, we collected metagenomic (from stool), epigenetic (from blood), and exercise-related data from physically active individuals and, by applying epigenetic clocks, we examined the relationship between gut flora, blood-based epigenetic age acceleration, and physical fitness. We revealed that an increased entropy in the gut microbiome of physically active middle-aged/old individuals is associated with accelerated epigenetic aging, decreased fitness, or impaired health status. We also observed that a slower epigenetic aging and higher fitness level can be linked to altered abundance of some bacterial species often linked to anti-inflammatory effects. Overall our data suggest that alterations in the microbiome can be associated with epigenetic age acceleration and physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Torma
- Research Institute of Sport ScienceHungarian University of Sport ScienceBudapestHungary
- Sports Neuroscience Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), Faculty of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaIbarakiJapan
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Csaba Kerepesi
- Institute for Computer Science and Control (SZTAKI)Hungarian Research Network (HUN‐REN)BudapestHungary
| | - Mátyás Jókai
- Research Institute of Sport ScienceHungarian University of Sport ScienceBudapestHungary
| | - Gergely Babszki
- Research Institute of Sport ScienceHungarian University of Sport ScienceBudapestHungary
| | - Erika Koltai
- Research Institute of Sport ScienceHungarian University of Sport ScienceBudapestHungary
| | - Balázs Ligeti
- Faculty of Information Technology and BionicsPázmány Péter Catholic UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Regina Kalcsevszki
- Faculty of Information Technology and BionicsPázmány Péter Catholic UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Kristen M. McGreevy
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public HealthUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public HealthUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of ScienceCambridgeUK
| | - Zsolt Radák
- Research Institute of Sport ScienceHungarian University of Sport ScienceBudapestHungary
- Waseda UniversityTokorozawaJapan
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16
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Williams LM, Cao S. Harnessing and delivering microbial metabolites as therapeutics via advanced pharmaceutical approaches. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 256:108605. [PMID: 38367866 PMCID: PMC10985132 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Microbial metabolites have emerged as key players in the interplay between diet, the gut microbiome, and host health. Two major classes, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and tryptophan (Trp) metabolites, are recognized to regulate inflammatory, immune, and metabolic responses within the host. Given that many human diseases are associated with dysbiosis of the gut microbiome and consequent reductions in microbial metabolite production, the administration of these metabolites represents a direct, multi-targeted treatment. While a multitude of preclinical studies showcase the therapeutic potential of both SCFAs and Trp metabolites, they often rely on high doses and frequent dosing regimens to achieve systemic effects, thereby constraining their clinical applicability. To address these limitations, a variety of pharmaceutical formulations approaches that enable targeted, delayed, and/or sustained microbial metabolite delivery have been developed. These approaches, including enteric encapsulations, esterification to dietary fiber, prodrugs, and nanoformulations, pave the way for the next generation of microbial metabolite-based therapeutics. In this review, we first provide an overview of the roles of microbial metabolites in maintaining host homeostasis and outline how compromised metabolite production contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory, metabolic, autoimmune, allergic, infectious, and cancerous diseases. Additionally, we explore the therapeutic potential of metabolites in these disease contexts. Then, we provide a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the pharmaceutical strategies that have been employed to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of microbial metabolites, with a focus on SCFAs and Trp metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey M Williams
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Shijie Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States.
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17
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Bali P, Lal P, Sivapuram MS, Kutikuppala LVS, Avti P, Chanana A, Kumar S, Anand A. Mind over Microbes: Investigating the Interplay between Lifestyle Factors, Gut Microbiota, and Brain Health. Neuroepidemiology 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38531341 DOI: 10.1159/000538416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota (GM) of the human body comprises several species of microorganisms. This microorganism plays a significant role in the physiological and pathophysiological processes of various human diseases. METHODS The literature review includes studies that describe causative factors that influence GM. The GM is sensitive to various factors like circadian rhythms, environmental agents, physical activity, nutrition, and hygiene that together impact the functioning and composition of the gut microbiome. This affects the health of the host, including the psycho-neural aspects, due to the interconnectivity between the brain and the gut. Hence, this paper examines the relationship of GM with neurodegenerative disorders in the context of these aforesaid factors. CONCLUSION Future studies that identify the regulatory pathways associated with gut microbes can provide a causal link between brain degeneration and the gut at a molecular level. Together, this review could be helpful in designing preventive and treatment strategies aimed at GM, so that neurodegenerative diseases can be treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Bali
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Parth Lal
- Advance Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Madhava Sai Sivapuram
- Department of General Medicine, Dr. Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation, Peda Avutapalli, India
| | | | - Pramod Avti
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Saurabh Kumar
- CCRYN-Collaborative Centre for Mind Body Intervention through Yoga, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Akshay Anand
- CCRYN-Collaborative Centre for Mind Body Intervention through Yoga, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- Centre for Cognitive Science and Phenomenology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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18
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Yaqubi K, Kostev K, Klein I, Schüssler S, May P, Luedde T, Roderburg C, Loosen SH. Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with an increase in the incidence of multiple sclerosis: a retrospective cohort study of 24,934 patients. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:186. [PMID: 38504334 PMCID: PMC10953134 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01776-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent data suggest a potential pathophysiological link between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and multiple sclerosis (MS), two immune-mediated diseases both of which can have a significant impact on patients' quality of life. In the present manuscript, we investigate the association between IBD and MS in a German cohort of general practice patients. These results may have important implications for the screening and management of patients with IBD, as well as for further research into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying both disorders. METHODS 4,934 individuals with IBD (11,140 with Crohn's disease (CD) and 13,794 with ulcerative colitis (UC)) as well as 24,934 propensity score matched individuals without IBD were identified from the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA). A subsequent diagnosis of MS was analyzed as a function of IBD using Cox regression models. RESULTS After 10 years of follow-up, 0.9% and 0.7% of CD and UC patients but only 0.5% and 0.3% of matched non-IBD pairs were diagnosed with MS, respectively (pCD = 0.002 and pUC < 0.001). Both CD (HR: 2.09; 95% CI 1.28-3.39) and UC (HR: 2.35; 95% CI 1.47-3.78) were significantly associated with a subsequent MS diagnosis. Subgroup analysis revealed that the association between both CD and UC and MS was more pronounced among male patients. CONCLUSION The results of our analysis suggest a notable association between IBD and a subsequent MS diagnosis. These findings warrant further pathophysiological investigation and may have clinical implications for the screening of IBD patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaneschka Yaqubi
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Petra May
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tom Luedde
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Roderburg
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sven H Loosen
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Kandpal M, Varshney N, Rawal KS, Jha HC. Gut dysbiosis and neurological modalities: An engineering approach via proteomic analysis of gut-brain axis. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2024; 140:199-248. [PMID: 38762270 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
The human gut microbiota is a complex and dynamic community of microorganisms, that influence metabolic, neurodevelopmental, and immune pathways. Microbial dysbiosis, characterized by changes in microbial diversity and relative abundances, is implicated in the development of various chronic neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. These disorders are marked by the accumulation of pathological protein aggregates, leading to the progressive loss of neurons and behavioural functions. Dysregulations in protein-protein interaction networks and signalling complexes, critical for normal brain function, are common in neurological disorders but challenging to unravel, particularly at the neuron and synapse-specific levels. To advance therapeutic strategies, a deeper understanding of neuropathogenesis, especially during the progressive disease phase, is needed. Biomarkers play a crucial role in identifying disease pathophysiology and monitoring disease progression. Proteomics, a powerful technology, shows promise in accelerating biomarker discovery and aiding in the development of novel treatments. In this chapter, we provide an in-depth overview of how proteomic techniques, utilizing various biofluid samples from patients with neurological conditions and diverse animal models, have contributed valuable insights into the pathogenesis of numerous neurological disorders. We also discuss the current state of research, potential challenges, and future directions in proteomic approaches to unravel neuro-pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Kandpal
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - Nidhi Varshney
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - Kunal Sameer Rawal
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Hem Chandra Jha
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India; Centre for Rural Development & Technology, IIT Indore, Indore, India.
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20
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Trubitsina NP, Matiiv AB, Rogoza TM, Zudilova AA, Bezgina MD, Zhouravleva GA, Bondarev SA. Role of the Gut Microbiome and Bacterial Amyloids in the Development of Synucleinopathies. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:523-542. [PMID: 38648770 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924030118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Less than ten years ago, evidence began to accumulate about association between the changes in the composition of gut microbiota and development of human synucleinopathies, in particular sporadic form of Parkinson's disease. We collected data from more than one hundred and thirty experimental studies that reported similar results and summarized the frequencies of detection of different groups of bacteria in these studies. It is important to note that it is extremely rare that a unidirectional change in the population of one or another group of microorganisms (only an elevation or only a reduction) was detected in the patients with Parkinson's disease. However, we were able to identify several groups of bacteria that were overrepresented in the patients with Parkinson's disease in the analyzed studies. There are various hypotheses about the molecular mechanisms that explain such relationships. Usually, α-synuclein aggregation is associated with the development of inflammatory processes that occur in response to the changes in the microbiome. However, experimental evidence is accumulating on the influence of bacterial proteins, including amyloids (curli), as well as various metabolites, on the α-synuclein aggregation. In the review, we provided up-to-date information about such examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina P Trubitsina
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Anton B Matiiv
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Tatyana M Rogoza
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- St. Petersburg Branch of the Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Saint Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Anna A Zudilova
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Mariya D Bezgina
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Galina A Zhouravleva
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Stanislav A Bondarev
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
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Al Amaz S, Chaudhary A, Mahato PL, Jha R, Mishra B. Pre-hatch thermal manipulation of embryos and post-hatch baicalein supplementation mitigated heat stress in broiler chickens. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:8. [PMID: 38246989 PMCID: PMC10802028 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00966-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High environmental temperatures induce heat stress in broiler chickens, affecting their health and production performance. Several dietary, managerial, and genetics strategies have been tested with some success in mitigating heat stress (HS) in broilers. Developing novel HS mitigation strategies for sustaining broiler production is critically needed. This study investigated the effects of pre-hatch thermal manipulation (TM) and post-hatch baicalein supplementation on growth performance and health parameters in heat-stressed broilers. RESULTS Six hundred fertile Cobb 500 eggs were incubated for 21 d. After candling on embryonic day (ED) 10, 238 eggs were thermally manipulated at 38.5 °C with 55% relative humidity (RH) from ED 12 to 18, then transferred to the hatcher (ED 19 to 21, standard temperature) and 236 eggs were incubated at a controlled temperature (37.5 °C) till hatch. After hatch, 180-day-old chicks from both groups were raised in 36 pens (n = 10 birds/pen, 6 replicates per treatment). The treatments were: 1) Control, 2) TM, 3) control heat stress (CHS), 4) thermal manipulation heat stress (TMHS), 5) control heat stress supplement (CHSS), and 6) thermal manipulation heat stress supplement (TMHSS). All birds were raised under the standard environment for 21 d, followed by chronic heat stress from d 22 to 35 (32-33 °C for 8 h) in the CHS, TMHS, CHSS, and TMHSS groups. A thermoneutral (22-24 °C) environment was maintained in the Control and TM groups. RH was constant (50% ± 5%) throughout the trial. All the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA in R and GraphPad software at P < 0.05 and are presented as mean ± SEM. Heat stress significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the final body weight and ADG in CHS and TMHS groups compared to the other groups. Embryonic TM significantly increased (P < 0.05) the expression of heat shock protein-related genes (HSP70, HSP90, and HSPH1) and antioxidant-related genes (GPX1 and TXN). TMHS birds showed a significant increment (P < 0.05) in total cecal volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration compared to the CHS birds. The cecal microbial analysis showed significant enrichment (P < 0.05) in alpha and beta diversity and Coprococcus in the TMHSS group. CONCLUSIONS Pre-hatch TM and post-hatch baicalein supplementation in heat-stressed birds mitigate the detrimental effects of heat stress on chickens' growth performance, upregulate favorable gene expression, increase VFA production, and promote gut health by increasing beneficial microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadid Al Amaz
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, AgSci 216, 1955 East-West Rd, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Ajay Chaudhary
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, AgSci 216, 1955 East-West Rd, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Prem Lal Mahato
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, AgSci 216, 1955 East-West Rd, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Rajesh Jha
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, AgSci 216, 1955 East-West Rd, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Birendra Mishra
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, AgSci 216, 1955 East-West Rd, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
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22
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Pan Z, Chen Y, Zhou M, McAllister TA, Mcneilly TN, Guan LL. Linking active rectal mucosa-attached microbiota to host immunity reveals its role in host-pathogenic STEC O157 interactions. THE ISME JOURNAL 2024; 18:wrae127. [PMID: 38984791 PMCID: PMC11304501 DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The rectal-anal junction (RAJ) is the major colonization site of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157 in beef cattle, leading to transmission of this foodborne pathogen from farms to food chains. To date, there is limited understanding regarding whether the mucosa-attached microbiome has a profound impact on host-STEC interactions. In this study, the active RAJ mucosa-attached microbiota and its potential role in host immunity-STEC commensal interactions were investigated using RAJ mucosal biopsies collected from calves orally challenged with two STEC O157 strains with or without functional stx2a (stx2a+ or stx2a-). The results revealed that shifts of microbial diversity, topology, and assembly patterns were subjected to stx2a production post-challenge and Paeniclostridium and Gallibacterium were the keystone taxa for both microbial interactions and assembly. Additional mucosal transcriptome profiling showed stx2a-dependent host immune responses (i.e. B- and T-cell signaling and antigen processing and presentation) post-challenge. Further integrated analysis revealed that mucosa-attached beneficial microbes (i.e. Provotella, Faecalibacterium, and Dorea) interacted with host immune genes pre-challenge to maintain host homeostasis; however, opportunistic pathogenic microbes (i.e. Paeniclostridium) could interact with host immune genes after the STEC O157 colonization and interactions were stx2a-dependent. Furthermore, predicted bacterial functions involved in pathogen (O157 and Paeniclostridium) colonization and metabolism were related to host immunity. These findings suggest that during pathogen colonization, host-microbe interactions could shift from beneficial to opportunistic pathogenic bacteria driven and be dependent on the production of particular virulence factors, highlighting the potential regulatory role of mucosa-attached microbiota in affecting pathogen-commensal host interactions in calves with STEC O157 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Pan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Yanhong Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Tim A McAllister
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Tom N Mcneilly
- Moredun Research Institute, Penicuik EH26 0PZ, United Kingdom
| | - Le Luo Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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23
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Yu KM, Cho HS, Lee AM, Lee JW, Lim SK. Analysis of the influence of host lifestyle (coffee consumption, drinking, and smoking) on Korean oral microbiome. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2024; 68:102942. [PMID: 37862769 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2023.102942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
If a DNA sample collected in the field is old or degraded, short tandem repeat analysis is difficult to perform, a representative analysis method currently used for individual identification. Given that microorganisms exist everywhere and within the human body, in similar amounts to human cells, microbial analysis could be used to identify individuals even in cases in which human DNA-based identification is difficult. Research has demonstrated that the types of microorganisms within the human body differ depending on various internal or external factors, such as body part or bodily fluid type, lifestyle, geographical area of residence, sex, and age. In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between lifestyle factors and the composition and diversity of the oral microbiome in individuals living in Korea. We collected 43 saliva samples from Korean individuals and analyzed the oral microbiome and its variations due to external factors, such as coffee consumption, drinking, and smoking. Linear discriminant analysis effect size revealed that Oribacterium, Campylobacter, and Megasphaera were abundant in coffee consumers, whereas Saccharimonadales, Clostridia, and Catonella were abundant in alcohol non-drinkers. We found increased levels of Stomatobaculum in the saliva of smokers, compared with that of non-smokers. Thus, our analysis revealed characteristic microorganisms for each parameter that was evaluated (coffee consumption, smoking, drinking). Consequently, our study provides insight into the oral microbiome in the Korean population and lays the foundation for developing the Korean Forensic Microbiome Database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Min Yu
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Seon Cho
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Mi Lee
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Woo Lee
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Keun Lim
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Kujawa D, Laczmanski L, Budrewicz S, Pokryszko-Dragan A, Podbielska M. Targeting gut microbiota: new therapeutic opportunities in multiple sclerosis. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2274126. [PMID: 37979154 PMCID: PMC10730225 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2274126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) causes long-lasting, multifocal damage to the central nervous system. The complex background of MS is associated with autoimmune inflammation and neurodegeneration processes, and is potentially affected by many contributing factors, including altered composition and function of the gut microbiota. In this review, current experimental and clinical evidence is presented for the characteristics of gut dysbiosis found in MS, as well as for its relevant links with the course of the disease and the dysregulated immune response and metabolic pathways involved in MS pathology. Furthermore, therapeutic implications of these investigations are discussed, with a range of pharmacological, dietary and other interventions targeted at the gut microbiome and thus intended to have beneficial effects on the course of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kujawa
- Laboratory of Genomics & Bioinformatics, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology & Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Laczmanski
- Laboratory of Genomics & Bioinformatics, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology & Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Maria Podbielska
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology & Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
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25
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Torres-Chávez ME, Torres-Carrillo NM, Monreal-Lugo AV, Garnés-Rancurello S, Murugesan S, Gutiérrez-Hurtado IA, Beltrán-Ramírez JR, Sandoval-Pinto E, Torres-Carrillo N. Association of intestinal dysbiosis with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis: Evidence from different population studies (Review). Biomed Rep 2023; 19:93. [PMID: 37901876 PMCID: PMC10603378 DOI: 10.3892/br.2023.1675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between microorganisms that live in our intestines and neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative pathologies of the central nervous system (CNS) is essential, since they have been shown to have an immunomodulatory effect in neurological disorders, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). The gut microbiota can be affected by several environmental factors, including infections, physical and emotional stress and diet, the latter known as the main modulator of intestinal bacteria. An abrupt shift in the gut microbiota composition and function is known as dysbiosis, a state of local and systemic inflammation produced by pathogenic bacteria and its metabolites responsible for numerous neurological symptoms. It may also trigger neuronal damage in patients diagnosed with MS. Intestinal dysbiosis affects the permeability of the intestine, allowing chronic low-grade bacterial translocation from the intestine to the circulation, which may overstimulate immune cells and cells resident in the CNS, break immune tolerance and, in addition, alter the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This way, toxins, inflammatory molecules and oxidative stress molecules can pass freely into the CNS and cause extensive damage to the brain. However, commensal bacteria, such as the Lactobacillus genus and Bacteroides fragilis, and their metabolites (with anti-inflammatory potential), produce neurotransmitters such as γ-aminobutyric acid, histamine, dopamine, norepinephrine, acetylcholine and serotonin, which are important for neurological regulation. In addition, reprogramming the gut microbiota of patients with MS with a healthy gut microbiota may help improve the integrity of the gut and BBB, by providing clinically protective anti-inflammatory effects and reducing the disease's degenerative progression. The present review provides valuable information about the relationship between gut microbiota and neuroinflammatory processes of the CNS. Most importantly, it highlights the importance of intestinal bacteria as an environmental factor that may mediate the clinical course of MS, or even predispose to the outbreak of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Torres-Chávez
- Department of Microbiology and Pathology, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Nora Magdalena Torres-Carrillo
- Department of Microbiology and Pathology, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Ana Victoria Monreal-Lugo
- Department of Nutrition and Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico
- Department of Nutrition and Bioprogramming Coordination, Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Sandra Garnés-Rancurello
- Department of Nutrition, Technological Institute of Higher Studies of Monterrey, Zapopan, Jalisco 45201, Mexico
| | | | - Itzae Adonai Gutiérrez-Hurtado
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Jesús Raúl Beltrán-Ramírez
- Department of Information Systems, University Center of Administrative Economic Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco 45100, Mexico
| | - Elena Sandoval-Pinto
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University Center for Biological and Agricultural Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco 45200, Mexico
| | - Norma Torres-Carrillo
- Department of Microbiology and Pathology, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
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26
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Wang Y, Du W, Hu X, Yu X, Guo C, Jin X, Wang W. Targeting the blood-brain barrier to delay aging-accompanied neurological diseases by modulating gut microbiota, circadian rhythms, and their interplays. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:4667-4687. [PMID: 38045038 PMCID: PMC10692395 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment plays a crucial role in the pathological processes of aging-accompanied neurological diseases (AAND). Meanwhile, circadian rhythms disruption and gut microbiota dysbiosis are associated with increased morbidity of neurological diseases in the accelerated aging population. Importantly, circadian rhythms disruption and gut microbiota dysbiosis are also known to induce the generation of toxic metabolites and pro-inflammatory cytokines, resulting in disruption of BBB integrity. Collectively, this provides a new perspective for exploring the relationship among circadian rhythms, gut microbes, and the BBB in aging-accompanied neurological diseases. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the interplay between circadian rhythm disturbances and gut microbiota dysbiosis, and their potential roles in the BBB disruption that occurs in AAND. Based on existing literature, we discuss and propose potential mechanisms underlying BBB damage induced by dysregulated circadian rhythms and gut microbiota, which would serve as the basis for developing potential interventions to protect the BBB in the aging population through targeting the BBB by exploiting its links with gut microbiota and circadian rhythms for treating AAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing City, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Weihong Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Bengbu Medical College (Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Jiaxing City), Jiaxing 233030, China
| | - Chun Guo
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Xinchun Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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27
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Raghib MF, Bernitsas E. From Animal Models to Clinical Trials: The Potential of Antimicrobials in Multiple Sclerosis Treatment. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3069. [PMID: 38002068 PMCID: PMC10668955 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, autoimmune, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Microbes, including bacteria and certain viruses, particularly Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), have been linked to the pathogenesis of MS. While there is currently no cure for MS, antibiotics and antivirals have been studied as potential treatment options due to their immunomodulatory ability that results in the regulation of the immune process. The current issue addressed in this systematic review is the effect of antimicrobials, including antibiotics, antivirals, and antiparasitic agents in animals and humans. We performed a comprehensive search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus for articles on antimicrobials in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis animal models of MS, as well as in people with MS (pwMS). In animal models, antibiotics tested included beta-lactams, minocycline, rapamycin, macrolides, and doxycycline. Antivirals included acyclovir, valacyclovir, and ganciclovir. Hydroxychloroquine was the only antiparasitic that was tested. In pwMS, we identified a total of 24 studies, 17 of them relevant to antibiotics, 6 to antivirals, and 1 relevant to antiparasitic hydroxychloroquine. While the effect of antimicrobials in animal models was promising, only minocycline and hydroxychloroquine improved outcome measures in pwMS. No favorable effect of the antivirals in humans has been observed yet. The number and size of clinical trials testing antimicrobials have been limited. Large, multicenter, well-designed studies are needed to further evaluate the effect of antimicrobials in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faraz Raghib
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
| | - Evanthia Bernitsas
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
- Sastry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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28
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Stolzer I, Scherer E, Süß P, Rothhammer V, Winner B, Neurath MF, Günther C. Impact of Microbiome-Brain Communication on Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14925. [PMID: 37834373 PMCID: PMC10573483 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in maintaining human health, with numerous studies demonstrating that alterations in microbial compositions can significantly affect the development and progression of various immune-mediated diseases affecting both the digestive tract and the central nervous system (CNS). This complex interplay between the microbiota, the gut, and the CNS is referred to as the gut-brain axis. The role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases has gained increasing attention in recent years, and evidence suggests that gut dysbiosis may contribute to disease development and progression. Clinical studies have shown alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota in multiple sclerosis patients, with a decrease in beneficial bacteria and an increase in pro-inflammatory bacteria. Furthermore, changes within the microbial community have been linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Microbiota-gut-brain communication can impact neurodegenerative diseases through various mechanisms, including the regulation of immune function, the production of microbial metabolites, as well as modulation of host-derived soluble factors. This review describes the current literature on the gut-brain axis and highlights novel communication systems that allow cross-talk between the gut microbiota and the host that might influence the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Stolzer
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eveline Scherer
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Patrick Süß
- Department of Molecular Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Veit Rothhammer
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Beate Winner
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Center of Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F. Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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29
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Chang CC, Liu TC, Lu CJ, Chiu HC, Lin WN. Machine learning strategy for identifying altered gut microbiomes for diagnostic screening in myasthenia gravis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1227300. [PMID: 37829445 PMCID: PMC10565662 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1227300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a neuromuscular junction disease with a complex pathophysiology and clinical variation for which no clear biomarker has been discovered. We hypothesized that because changes in gut microbiome composition often occur in autoimmune diseases, the gut microbiome structures of patients with MG would differ from those without, and supervised machine learning (ML) analysis strategy could be trained using data from gut microbiota for diagnostic screening of MG. Genomic DNA from the stool samples of MG and those without were collected and established a sequencing library by constructing amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) and completing taxonomic classification of each representative DNA sequence. Four ML methods, namely least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest, and classification and regression trees with nested leave-one-out cross-validation were trained using ASV taxon-based data and full ASV-based data to identify key ASVs in each data set. The results revealed XGBoost to have the best predicted performance. Overlapping key features extracted when XGBoost was trained using the full ASV-based and ASV taxon-based data were identified, and 31 high-importance ASVs (HIASVs) were obtained, assigned importance scores, and ranked. The most significant difference observed was in the abundance of bacteria in the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families. The 31 HIASVs were used to train the XGBoost algorithm to differentiate individuals with and without MG. The model had high diagnostic classification power and could accurately predict and identify patients with MG. In addition, the abundance of Lachnospiraceae was associated with limb weakness severity. In this study, we discovered that the composition of gut microbiomes differed between MG and non-MG subjects. In addition, the proposed XGBoost model trained using 31 HIASVs had the most favorable performance with respect to analyzing gut microbiomes. These HIASVs selected by the ML model may serve as biomarkers for clinical use and mechanistic study in the future. Our proposed ML model can identify several taxonomic markers and effectively discriminate patients with MG from those without with a high accuracy, the ML strategy can be applied as a benchmark to conduct noninvasive screening of MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Cheng Chang
- PhD Program in Nutrition and Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chi Liu
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jie Lu
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Information Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hou-Chang Chiu
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Medical University, Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ning Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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30
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Yousof SM, Alghamdi BS, Alqurashi T, Alam MZ, Tash R, Tanvir I, Kaddam LA. Modulation of Gut Microbiome Community Mitigates Multiple Sclerosis in a Mouse Model: The Promising Role of Palmaria palmata Alga as a Prebiotic. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1355. [PMID: 37895826 PMCID: PMC10610500 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Red marine algae have shown the potential to reduce inflammation, influence microbiota, and provide neuroprotection. OBJECTIVE To examine the prebiotic properties of Palmaria palmata aqueous extract (Palmaria p.) and its potential as a neuroprotective agent in multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS eighty-eight adult Swiss mice were divided into four male and four female groups, including a control group (distilled water), Palmaria p.-treated group (600 mg/kg b.w.), cuprizone (CPZ)-treated group (mixed chow 0.2%), and a group treated with both CPZ and Palmaria p. The experiment continued for seven weeks. CPZ treatment terminated at the end of the 5th week, with half of the mice sacrificed to assess the demyelination stage. To examine the spontaneous recovery, the rest of the mice continued until the end of week seven. Behavioral (grip strength (GS) and open field tests (OFT)), microbiome, and histological assessments for general morphology of corpus callous (CC) were all conducted at the end of week five and week 7. RESULTS Palmaria p. can potentially protect against CPZ-induced MS with variable degrees in male and female Swiss mice. This protection was demonstrated through three key findings: (1) increased F/B ratio and expansion of the beneficial Lactobacillus, Proteobacteria, and Bactriodia communities. (2) Protection against the decline in GS induced by CPZ and prevented CPZ-induced anxiety in OFT. (3) Preservation of structural integrity. CONCLUSIONS Because of its propensity to promote microbiota alterations, its antioxidant activity, and its content of -3 fatty acids, Palmaria p. could be a promising option for MS patients and could be beneficial as a potential probiotic for the at-risk groups as a preventive measure against MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa Mohammad Yousof
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Badrah S. Alghamdi
- Neuroscience Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Preclinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer Alqurashi
- Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, Pharmacology Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Zubair Alam
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham Tash
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 3753450, Egypt
| | - Imrana Tanvir
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Lamis AbdelGadir Kaddam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Physiology Department Faculty of Medicine, Alneelain University, Khartoum 11211, Sudan
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Ding XJ, Li HY, Wang H, Zhang XH, Song M, Jiang XH, Zhang X, Yue YX, Li XH. Altered gut microbiota and metabolites in untreated myasthenia gravis patients. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1248336. [PMID: 37789892 PMCID: PMC10542407 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1248336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The homeostasis of the immune system is influenced by the gut microbiota. Previous studies have reported dysbiosis in the gut microbiota of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients. To investigate potential alterations in gut microbiota and metabolites in newly diagnosed and untreated MG patients, we conducted a case-control study. Methods Fecal samples were collected from 11 newly diagnosed and untreated MG patients as well as 11 age-and sex-matched healthy controls. These samples underwent analysis for gut microbiota using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing, while fecal metabolome was analyzed using liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry system (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Results The microbial community richness (observed species) and diversity (Shannon and Simpson indices) were significantly lower in the MG group compared to the control group. Microbiota composition analysis revealed significant differences between the MG and control groups at phylum, family, and genus levels. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis showed a substantial decrease in abundance of the genus Faecalibacterium within the MG group. Fecal metabolome analysis identified three up-regulated metabolites involved in amino acid metabolism (taurine, creatinine, L-carnitine), one up-regulated metabolite involved in lipid metabolism (oleic acid), with correlation analysis indicating a positive association between Faecalibacterium abundance and creatinine levels. Conclusion Our findings suggest that dysbiosis already exists in newly diagnosed and untreated MG patients, implying that dysbiosis within the gut microbiota may be an initiating factor contributing to MG pathogenesis. Furthermore, F. prausnitzii may hold promise as a probiotic for treating MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jun Ding
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong-Yan Li
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huaiping Wang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Xue-Hua Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Min Song
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Han Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yao-Xian Yue
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- Department of Neurology, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Miyamoto K, Sujino T, Harada Y, Ashida H, Yoshimatsu Y, Yonemoto Y, Nemoto Y, Tomura M, Melhem H, Niess JH, Suzuki T, Suzuki T, Suzuki S, Koda Y, Okamoto R, Mikami Y, Teratani T, Tanaka KF, Yoshimura A, Sato T, Kanai T. The gut microbiota-induced kynurenic acid recruits GPR35-positive macrophages to promote experimental encephalitis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113005. [PMID: 37590143 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The intricate interplay between gut microbes and the onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) remains poorly understood. Here, we uncover remarkable similarities between CD4+ T cells in the spinal cord and their counterparts in the small intestine. Furthermore, we unveil a synergistic relationship between the microbiota, particularly enriched with the tryptophan metabolism gene EC:1.13.11.11, and intestinal cells. This symbiotic collaboration results in the biosynthesis of kynurenic acid (KYNA), which modulates the recruitment and aggregation of GPR35-positive macrophages. Subsequently, a robust T helper 17 (Th17) immune response is activated, ultimately triggering the onset of EAE. Conversely, modulating the KYNA-mediated GPR35 signaling in Cx3cr1+ macrophages leads to a remarkable amelioration of EAE. These findings shed light on the crucial role of microbial-derived tryptophan metabolites in regulating immune responses within extraintestinal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Miyamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Research Laboratory, 1-10-3, Kaminagazato, Kita-ku, Tokyo 114-0016, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Sujino
- Center for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Harada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ashida
- Department of Bacterial Infection and Host Response, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Cyuo-ku, Chiba city, Chiba 260-8673, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoshimatsu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuki Yonemoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nemoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Michio Tomura
- Laboratory of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Otani University, 3-11-1 Nshikiorikita, Tondabayshi, Osaka, 584-8584, Japan
| | - Hassan Melhem
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan Hendrik Niess
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Clarunis-University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, University Hospital Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Toshihiko Suzuki
- Department of Bacterial Infection and Host Response, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Toru Suzuki
- Division of Brain Sciences Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicne, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shohei Suzuki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuzo Koda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Okamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yohei Mikami
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Teratani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kenji F. Tanaka
- Division of Brain Sciences Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicne, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Toshiro Sato
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takanori Kanai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1, Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan.
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Shrode RL, Ollberding NJ, Mangalam AK. Looking at the Full Picture: Utilizing Topic Modeling to Determine Disease-Associated Microbiome Communities. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.21.549984. [PMID: 37546903 PMCID: PMC10401927 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.21.549984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The microbiome is a complex micro-ecosystem that provides the host with pathogen defense, food metabolism, and other vital processes. Alterations of the microbiome (dysbiosis) have been linked with a number of diseases such as cancers, multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease, etc. Generally, differential abundance testing between the healthy and patient groups is performed to identify important bacteria (enriched or depleted in one group). However, simply providing a singular species of bacteria to an individual lacking that species for health improvement has not been as successful as fecal matter transplant (FMT) therapy. Interestingly, FMT therapy transfers the entire gut microbiome of a healthy (or mixture of) individual to an individual with a disease. FMTs do, however, have limited success, possibly due to concerns that not all bacteria in the community may be responsible for the healthy phenotype. Therefore, it is important to identify the community of microorganisms linked to the health as well as the disease state of the host. Here we applied topic modeling, a natural language processing tool, to assess latent interactions occurring among microbes; thus, providing a representation of the community of bacteria relevant to healthy vs. disease state. Specifically, we utilized our previously published data that studied the gut microbiome of patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), a neurodegenerative autoimmune disease that has been linked to a variety of factors, including a dysbiotic gut microbiome. With topic modeling we identified communities of bacteria associated with RRMS, including genera previously discovered, but also other taxa that would have been overlooked simply with differential abundance testing. Our work shows that topic modeling can be a useful tool for analyzing the microbiome in dysbiosis and that it could be considered along with the commonly utilized differential abundance tests to better understand the role of the gut microbiome in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L. Shrode
- Department of Informatics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Ollberding
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology; Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA
| | - Ashutosh K. Mangalam
- Department of Informatics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- University of Iowa, 25 S Grand Ave, 1080-ML, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA
- Clinician Scientist, Iowa City VA Health Care System, 601 US-6 W, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
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Wang L, Wang Y, Xuan C, Zhang B, Wu H, Gao J. Predicting potential microbe-disease associations based on multi-source features and deep learning. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:bbad255. [PMID: 37406190 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have confirmed that the occurrence of many complex diseases in the human body is closely related to the microbial community, and microbes can affect tumorigenesis and metastasis by regulating the tumor microenvironment. However, there are still large gaps in the clinical observation of the microbiota in disease. Although biological experiments are accurate in identifying disease-associated microbes, they are also time-consuming and expensive. The computational models for effective identification of diseases related microbes can shorten this process, and reduce capital and time costs. Based on this, in the paper, a model named DSAE_RF is presented to predict latent microbe-disease associations by combining multi-source features and deep learning. DSAE_RF calculates four similarities between microbes and diseases, which are then used as feature vectors for the disease-microbe pairs. Later, reliable negative samples are screened by k-means clustering, and a deep sparse autoencoder neural network is further used to extract effective features of the disease-microbe pairs. In this foundation, a random forest classifier is presented to predict the associations between microbes and diseases. To assess the performance of the model in this paper, 10-fold cross-validation is implemented on the same dataset. As a result, the AUC and AUPR of the model are 0.9448 and 0.9431, respectively. Furthermore, we also conduct a variety of experiments, including comparison of negative sample selection methods, comparison with different models and classifiers, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and t-test, ablation experiments, robustness analysis, and case studies on Covid-19 and colorectal cancer. The results fully demonstrate the reliability and availability of our model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liugen Wang
- School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Chenxu Xuan
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Bai Zhang
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Hanwen Wu
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jie Gao
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Zhanel GG, Keynan R, Keynan Y, Karlowsky JA. The role of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) in treating patients with multiple sclerosis. Expert Rev Neurother 2023; 23:921-930. [PMID: 37615494 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2250919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The associations between multiple sclerosis (MS) and altered intestinal microbiomes have clinicians considering the use of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Animal data suggests that administering FMT from people with MS into healthy mice results in a microbiome with decreased abundance of Sutterella, reduced anti-inflammatory signals, increase in inflammation and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Animal studies that administered FMT (from normal healthy donors) into mice resulted in slowing down EAE development relieving symptoms, improving BBB integrity and restoration of microbiota diversity. Human studies indicated clinical benefits of FMT (from healthy donors) in people with MS including: improved intestinal motility and motor ability which lasted at least for the duration of the studies, ranging from 2 to 15 years. AREAS COVERED The authors discuss the efficacy and safety of FMT in treatment of experimental MS in animals and humans with MS. A literature search was performed via PubMed (up to July 2023), using the key words: multiple sclerosis, fecal microbiota transplantation, microbiome. EXPERT OPINION Limited associative data do not provide an understanding of role of FMT in the treatment for MS. Until appropriately designed randomized comparative trials which are underway, are completed, we cannot recommend routine use of FMT in people with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- George G Zhanel
- Department of Medical Microbiology/Infectious Diseases, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Rotem Keynan
- Department of Medical Microbiology/Infectious Diseases, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Yoav Keynan
- Department of Medical Microbiology/Infectious Diseases, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - James A Karlowsky
- Department of Medical Microbiology/Infectious Diseases, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Yang C, Xu J, Xu X, Xu W, Tong B, Wang S, Ji R, Tan Y, Zhu Y. Characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9988. [PMID: 37340081 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37163-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is rising in incidence and is an increasingly common cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Alterations in the gut microbiota have been shown to correlate with the development and progression of MAFLD. However, little is known regarding differences in the gut microbiomes of MAFLD patients and healthy cohorts, and subgroups at the abnormal activity of hepatic enzymes in China. In this study, we enrolled 81 MAFLD patients and 25 healthy volunteers. The fecal microbiota was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metagenomic sequencing. The results suggested that Ruminococcus obeum and Alistipes were most enriched in healthy individuals when compared with MAFLD patients. Microbe-set Enrichment Analysis (MSEA) results showed Dorea, Lactobacillus and Megasphaera are enriched in MAFLD group. We also found that Alistipes has negatively related to serum glucose (GLU), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Moreover, the abundance of Dorea was found to be significantly overrepresented in the MAFLD patients and the degree of enrichment increased with the increasing abnormal liver enzyme. An increase in Dorea, combined with decreases in Alistipes appears to be characteristic of MAFLD patients. Further study of microbiota may provide a novel insight into the pathogenesis of MAFLD as well as a novel treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Department of Liver Disease Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaomin Xu
- Xbiome Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | | | | | - Rujie Ji
- Xbiome Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Tan
- Xbiome Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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Mandato C, Colucci A, Lanzillo R, Staiano A, Scarpato E, Schiavo L, Operto FF, Serra MR, Di Monaco C, Napoli JS, Massa G, Vajro P. Multiple Sclerosis-Related Dietary and Nutritional Issues: An Updated Scoping Review with a Focus on Pediatrics. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1022. [PMID: 37371254 PMCID: PMC10297186 DOI: 10.3390/children10061022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lifestyle/dietetic habits play an important role in the development and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) disease. Here, we examine the basic pathomechanisms underlying intestinal and brain barrier modifications in MS and consider diets and dietary supplementations proposed over time to complement pharmacological therapies for improving disease outcome both in adults and in children. METHODS Scoping literature search about evidence-based findings in MS-related gut-brain axis (GBA) pathophysiology and nutritional issues at all ages. FINDINGS Data show that (1) no universal best diet exists, (2) healthy/balanced diets are, however, necessary to safeguard the adequate intake of all essential nutrients, (3) diets with high intakes of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins that limit processed foods, sugar, and saturated fat appear beneficial for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and their ability to shape a gut microbiota that respects the gut and brain barriers, (4) obesity may trigger MS onset and/or its less favorable course, especially in pediatric-onset MS. Vitamin D and polyunsaturated fatty acids are the most studied supplements for reducing MS-associated inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Pending results from other and/or newer approaches targeting the GBA (e.g., pre- and probiotics, engineered probiotics, fecal-microbiota transplantation), accurate counseling in choosing adequate diet and maintaining physical activity remains recommended for MS prevention and management both in adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mandato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Pediatrics Section, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy (P.V.)
| | - Angelo Colucci
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Pediatrics Section, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy (P.V.)
| | - Roberta Lanzillo
- Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Care and Research Centre, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Staiano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Scarpato
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Schiavo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Nutrition Section, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesca Felicia Operto
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Pediatric Psychiatry Section, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Serra
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Di Monaco
- Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Care and Research Centre, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Julia Sara Napoli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Pediatrics Section, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy (P.V.)
| | - Grazia Massa
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Pediatrics Section, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy (P.V.)
| | - Pietro Vajro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Pediatrics Section, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy (P.V.)
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Rasouli-Saravani A, Jahankhani K, Moradi S, Gorgani M, Shafaghat Z, Mirsanei Z, Mehmandar A, Mirzaei R. Role of microbiota short-chain fatty acid chains in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114620. [PMID: 37004324 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is emerging evidence that microbiota and its metabolites play an important role in helath and diseases. In this regard, gut microbiota has been found as a crucial component that influences immune responses as well as immune-related disorders such as autoimmune diseases. Gut bacterial dysbiosis has been shown to cause disease and altered microbiota metabolite synthesis, leading to immunological and metabolic dysregulation. Of note, microbiota in the gut produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, butyrate, and propionate, and remodeling in these microbiota metabolites has been linked to the pathophysiology of a number of autoimmune disorders such as type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, celiac disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus. In this review, we will address the most recent findings from the most noteworthy studies investigating the impact of microbiota SCFAs on various autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Rasouli-Saravani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kasra Jahankhani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadi Moradi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Melika Gorgani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shafaghat
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Mirsanei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirreza Mehmandar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Liang L, Saunders C, Sanossian N. Food, gut barrier dysfunction, and related diseases: A new target for future individualized disease prevention and management. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:1671-1704. [PMID: 37051344 PMCID: PMC10084985 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of gut barrier is known as "leaky gut" or increased intestinal permeability. Numerous recent scientific evidences showed the association between gut dysfunction and multiple gastrointestinal tract (GI) and non-GI diseases. Research also demonstrated that food plays a crucial role to cause or remedy gut dysfunction related to diseases. We reviewed recent articles from electronic databases, mainly PubMed. The data were based on animal models, cell models, and human research in vivo and in vitro models. In this comprehensive review, our aim focused on the relationship between dietary factors, intestinal permeability dysfunction, and related diseases. This review synthesizes currently available literature and is discussed in three parts: (a) the mechanism of gut barrier and function, (b) food and dietary supplements that may promote gut health, and food or medication that may alter gut function, and (c) a table that organizes the synthesized information by general mechanisms for diseases related to leaky gut/intestinal permeability and associated dietary influences. With future research, dietary intervention could be a new target for individualized disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Liang
- University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Nerses Sanossian
- Department of NeurologyMedical School of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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Yu B, Zhang D, Wu Y, Tao W, Luorong Q, Luo J, Tan L, Chen H, Cao W. A new polysaccharide from Hawk tea: Structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity associated with regulating gut microbiota. Food Chem 2023; 418:135917. [PMID: 36940546 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel 28.6 kDa acidic polysaccharide (HTP-1), containing → 4)-GalpA-(1→, →2)-Rhap-(1 → and → 3,6)-Galp-(1 → residues as the backbone, analogous to pectin, was isolated from mature Hawk tea leaves. HTP-1 exhibited significant immunoregulatory activities on CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice in a dose-depend manner by alleviating jejunum injury and improving the levels of immune organ indexes, cytokines and immunoglobulins. Moreover, HTP-1 supplementation boosted the content of SCFAs, altered the intestinalmicrobiota composition, and raised the abundances of beneficial bacteria Muribaculaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Prevotellaceae and Ruminococcaceae, which showed a strong positive correlation with most immune indicators. The current findings suggested that the immunomodulatory action of HTP-1 might rely on the regulation of the gut microbiota, and these results may also serve as a foundation for the future exploitation of HTP-1 as functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yingqin Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Tao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Quji Luorong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Juan Luo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lihong Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Huan Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Weiguo Cao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Ordoñez-Rodriguez A, Roman P, Rueda-Ruzafa L, Campos-Rios A, Cardona D. Changes in Gut Microbiota and Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20054624. [PMID: 36901634 PMCID: PMC10001679 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory neurodegenerative disease mediated by autoimmune reactions against myelin proteins and gangliosides in the grey and white matter of the brain and spinal cord. It is considered one of the most common neurological diseases of non-traumatic origin in young people, especially in women. Recent studies point to a possible association between MS and gut microbiota. Intestinal dysbiosis has been observed, as well as an alteration of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, although clinical data remain scarce and inconclusive. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review on the relationship between gut microbiota and multiple sclerosis. METHOD The systematic review was conducted in the first quarter of 2022. The articles included were selected and compiled from different electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Proquest, Cochrane, and CINAHL. The keywords used in the search were: "multiple sclerosis", "gut microbiota", and "microbiome". RESULTS 12 articles were selected for the systematic review. Among the studies that analysed alpha and beta diversity, only three found significant differences with respect to the control. In terms of taxonomy, the data are contradictory, but confirm an alteration of the microbiota marked by a decrease in Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae, Bifidobacterium, Roseburia, Coprococcus, Butyricicoccus, Lachnospira, Dorea, Faecalibacterium, and Prevotella and an increase in Bacteroidetes, Akkermansia, Blautia, and Ruminocococcus. As for short-chain fatty acids, in general, a decrease in short-chain fatty acids, in particular butyrate, was observed. CONCLUSIONS Gut microbiota dysbiosis was found in multiple sclerosis patients compared to controls. Most of the altered bacteria are short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing, which could explain the chronic inflammation that characterises this disease. Therefore, future studies should consider the characterisation and manipulation of the multiple sclerosis-associated microbiome as a focus of both diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Roman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Health Research Center, University of Almería, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Lola Rueda-Ruzafa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana Campos-Rios
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, CINBIO, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IISGS), 15706 Vigo, Spain
| | - Diana Cardona
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Health Research Center, University of Almería, 04120 Almeria, Spain
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Abe A, Morishima S, Kapoor MP, Inoue R, Tsukahara T, Naito Y, Ozeki M. Partially hydrolyzed guar gum is associated with improvement in gut health, sleep, and motivation among healthy subjects. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2023; 72:189-197. [PMID: 36936875 PMCID: PMC10017317 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.22-75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Partially hydrolyzed guar gum dietary fiber is well recognized for a number of health benefits. In the present study, we aim to investigate the effects of partially hydrolyzed guar gum on constipation, intestinal microbiota as well as mental health in healthy subjects. In the randomized, parallel, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study the enrolled healthy men and women volunteers took either 3 g/day (T3) or 5 g/day (T5) of dietary fiber intakes for eight consecutive weeks compared to placebo (T0). The fecal characteristics, fecal microbiota, defecation characteristics, and quality of life (QOL) questionnaire were investigated. The results revealed a significant suppression in fecal potent harmful mucolytic bacteria in the T3 and T5 groups compared to the T0 group. The defecation frequency, excretory feeling, and scores of sleep and motivation questionnaire were also improved in the dietary fiber intake groups, showing a significant difference in the T5 group compared to the T0 group. In summary, the consumption of partially hydrolyzed guar gum dietary fiber is found effective in suppressing the potent harmful mucolytic bacteria that could be associated with the improvement of constipation-related symptoms including mental health in terms of sleep and motivation among the healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Abe
- Nutrition Division, Taiyo Kagaku Co. Ltd., 1-3 Takaramachi, Yokkaichi, Mie 510-0844, Japan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - So Morishima
- Nutrition Division, Taiyo Kagaku Co. Ltd., 1-3 Takaramachi, Yokkaichi, Mie 510-0844, Japan
| | - Mahendra P. Kapoor
- Nutrition Division, Taiyo Kagaku Co. Ltd., 1-3 Takaramachi, Yokkaichi, Mie 510-0844, Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, Nagatoge-cho 45-1, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | | | - Yuji Naito
- Department of Human Immunology and Nutrition Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Makoto Ozeki
- Nutrition Division, Taiyo Kagaku Co. Ltd., 1-3 Takaramachi, Yokkaichi, Mie 510-0844, Japan
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McNamara MP, Venable EM, Cadney MD, Castro AA, Schmill MP, Kazzazi L, Carmody RN, Garland T. Weanling gut microbiota composition of a mouse model selectively bred for high voluntary wheel-running behavior. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:287120. [PMID: 36728594 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.245081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We compared the fecal microbial community composition and diversity of four replicate lines of mice selectively bred for high wheel-running activity over 81 generations (HR lines) and four non-selected control lines. We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing on fecal samples taken 24 h after weaning, identifying a total of 2074 bacterial operational taxonomic units. HR and control mice did not significantly differ for measures of alpha diversity, but HR mice had a higher relative abundance of the family Clostridiaceae. These results differ from a study of rats, where a line bred for high forced-treadmill endurance and that also ran more on wheels had lower relative abundance of Clostridiaceae, as compared with a line bred for low endurance that ran less on wheels. Within the HR and control groups, replicate lines had unique microbiomes based on unweighted UniFrac beta diversity, indicating random genetic drift and/or multiple adaptive responses to selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica P McNamara
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 91521, USA
| | - Emily M Venable
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Marcell D Cadney
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Alberto A Castro
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 91521, USA
| | - Margaret P Schmill
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.,Medpace, 717th St, Suite 500, Denver, CO 80202, USA
| | - Lawrence Kazzazi
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 91521, USA
| | - Rachel N Carmody
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Theodore Garland
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 91521, USA
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Dhami M, Raj K, Singh S. Relevance of Gut Microbiota to Alzheimer's Disease (AD): Potential Effects of Probiotic in Management of AD. AGING AND HEALTH RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
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Sornchuer P, Thongsepee N, Wongsaroj L, Saninjuk K, Wattanaphansak S, Pongpamorn P, Paemanee A, Martviset P, Chantree P, Sangpairoj K. Garcinia dulcis Flower Extract Alters Gut Microbiota and Fecal Metabolomic Profiles of 2K1C Hypertensive Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020268. [PMID: 36678139 PMCID: PMC9862316 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Garcinia dulcis (GD) extract has been found to have anti-hypertensive properties in animal studies. GD can also alter the colonic microbiota of rats. However, the effects of GD on changes in the gut microbiota and metabolomic profiles of normotensive and hypertensive rats are currently unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in the gut microbiota and metabolomic profiles of 2-kidneys-1 clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats after feeding with GD flower extract. Rats were randomly divided into the following 4 groups: sham operation (SO) receiving corn oil (CO) (SO + CO), SO receiving GD (SO + GD), 2K1C receiving corn oil (2K1C + CO) and 2K1C receiving GD (2K1C + GD). Body weight (BW) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were measured weekly throughout the study. Gut microbiota and fecal metabolites were measured from fresh fecal contents. Alpha diversity results demonstrated a similar microbial richness and diversity between groups. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) suggested that GD treatment affected gut microbial community structure in both hypertensive and normotensive rats. Feeding rats with GD caused metabolic alterations that rendered 2K1C + GD rats similar to SO + CO and SO + GD rats. Findings suggest that the impact of GD on gut microbiota and metabolite profiles may be related to its anti-hypertensive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phornphan Sornchuer
- Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang 12120, Thailand
- Thammasat University Research Unit in Nutraceuticals and Food Safety, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang 12120, Thailand
- Correspondence:
| | - Nattaya Thongsepee
- Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang 12120, Thailand
- Thammasat University Research Unit in Nutraceuticals and Food Safety, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang 12120, Thailand
| | | | | | - Suphot Wattanaphansak
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pornkanok Pongpamorn
- National Omics Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Luang 12120, Thailand
| | - Atchara Paemanee
- National Omics Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Luang 12120, Thailand
| | - Pongsakorn Martviset
- Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang 12120, Thailand
- Thammasat University Research Unit in Nutraceuticals and Food Safety, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang 12120, Thailand
| | - Pathanin Chantree
- Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang 12120, Thailand
- Thammasat University Research Unit in Nutraceuticals and Food Safety, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang 12120, Thailand
| | - Kant Sangpairoj
- Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang 12120, Thailand
- Thammasat University Research Unit in Nutraceuticals and Food Safety, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang 12120, Thailand
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Chauhan V, Chauhan NK, Dutta S, Pathak D, Nongthomba U. Comparative in-silico analysis of microbial dysbiosis discern potential metabolic link in neurodegenerative diseases. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1153422. [PMID: 37113148 PMCID: PMC10126365 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1153422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A healthy gut flora contains a diverse and stable commensal group of microorganisms, whereas, in disease conditions, there is a shift toward pathogenic microbes, termed microbial dysbiosis. Many studies associate microbial dysbiosis with neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Multiple sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although, an overall comparative analysis of microbes and their metabolic involvement in these diseases is still lacking. In this study, we have performed a comparative analysis of microbial composition changes occurring in these four diseases. Our research showed a high resemblance of microbial dysbiosis signatures between AD, PD, and MS. However, ALS appeared dissimilar. The most common population of microbes to show an increase belonged to the phyla, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes. Although, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the only phyla that showed a decrease in their population. The functional analysis of these dysbiotic microbes showed several potential metabolic links which can be involved in the altered microbiome-gut-brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases. For instance, the microbes with elevated populations lack pathways for synthesizing SCFA acetate and butyrate. Also, these microbes have a high capacity for producing L-glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter and precursor of GABA. Contrastingly, Tryptophan and histamine have a lower representation in the annotated genome of elevated microbes. Finally, the neuroprotective compound spermidine was less represented in elevated microbes' genomes. Our study provides a comprehensive catalog of potential dysbiotic microbes and their metabolic involvement in neurodegenerative disorders, including AD, PD, MS, and ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Chauhan
- Developmental and Biomedical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Nitin K. Chauhan
- School of Computational and Integrative Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Somit Dutta
- Developmental and Biomedical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Dhruv Pathak
- Developmental and Biomedical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Upendra Nongthomba
- Developmental and Biomedical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
- *Correspondence: Upendra Nongthomba
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Harsini S, Rezaei N. Autoimmune diseases. Clin Immunol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818006-8.00001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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48
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Zhang X, Feng T, Tuncil YE. Editorial: Gut microbiota modulation by dietary fiber on human health: Processes and mechanisms. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1160746. [PMID: 36910238 PMCID: PMC9996197 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1160746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Feng
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunus Emre Tuncil
- Department of Food Engineering, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Türkiye
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49
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Chen L, Wang S, Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhang X, Ma J, Zou X, Yao T, Li S, Chen J, Zhou H, Wu L, Zhou Y, Zhang L. Multi-omics reveals specific host metabolism-microbiome associations in intracerebral hemorrhage. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:999627. [PMID: 36619742 PMCID: PMC9813413 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.999627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most devastating subtype of stroke, but effective prevention and treatment strategies are lacking. Recently, gut microbiome and its metabolitesis are considered to be an influencing factor of stroke. However, little is known about the effects of the gut microbiome on ICH and host metabolic activity. Therefore, we used 16S sequencing, macrogenomics sequencing and untargeted metabolomics to explore the differences in gut microbial-metabolome interactions between patients with intracerebral hemorrhage and healthy control populations. We found a significant decrease in the phylum of Firmicutes and a significant increase of Bacteroidetes in ICH patients. At the genus level, Streptococcus, Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia, and Lactobacillus were more abundant in ICH patients. Macrogenomic analysis revealed active glycosaminoglycan degradation, heme synthesis, galactose degradation, lipopolysaccharide core region synthesis, and beta-Lactam resistance in ICH patients. Serum untargeted metabolomic analysis combined with ROC curves showed that octanoylcarnitine, decanoylcarnitine, dodecanoylcarnitine, glyceric acid, pyruvic acid, aspartic acid, methylcysteine, pyroglutamic acid, 9E-tetradecenoic acid, N-Acetylneuraminic acid, and aconitic acid were the best markers for the diagnosis of ICH. Correlation analysis showed that microbiome enriched in the gut of ICH patients were significantly correlated with serum metabolites, revealing a close correlation between the gut microbiome of ICH patients and the host metabolome, and significant differences from the healthy population. microbiota-host co-metabolites including pyruvic acid and 9E-tetradecenoic acid is associated with the the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores. In conclusion, microbiome-related metabolites in ICH patients was associated with the severity of ICH, the microbiota-host co-metabolites may be a potential may be potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Multi-Modal Monitoring Technology for Severe Cerebrovascular Disease of Human Engineering Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sai Wang
- Department of Neurology, Multi-Modal Monitoring Technology for Severe Cerebrovascular Disease of Human Engineering Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yupeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Multi-Modal Monitoring Technology for Severe Cerebrovascular Disease of Human Engineering Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Neurology, Multi-Modal Monitoring Technology for Severe Cerebrovascular Disease of Human Engineering Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangbin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Multi-Modal Monitoring Technology for Severe Cerebrovascular Disease of Human Engineering Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junyi Ma
- Department of Neurology, Multi-Modal Monitoring Technology for Severe Cerebrovascular Disease of Human Engineering Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xuelun Zou
- Department of Neurology, Multi-Modal Monitoring Technology for Severe Cerebrovascular Disease of Human Engineering Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - TianXing Yao
- Department of Neurology, Multi-Modal Monitoring Technology for Severe Cerebrovascular Disease of Human Engineering Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Si Li
- Department of Neurology, Multi-Modal Monitoring Technology for Severe Cerebrovascular Disease of Human Engineering Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junyou Chen
- Department of Neurology, Multi-Modal Monitoring Technology for Severe Cerebrovascular Disease of Human Engineering Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huifang Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Multi-Modal Monitoring Technology for Severe Cerebrovascular Disease of Human Engineering Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lianxu Wu
- Department of Neurology, Multi-Modal Monitoring Technology for Severe Cerebrovascular Disease of Human Engineering Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,*Correspondence: Le Zhang, ; Yanhong Zhou,
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Multi-Modal Monitoring Technology for Severe Cerebrovascular Disease of Human Engineering Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,*Correspondence: Le Zhang, ; Yanhong Zhou,
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Li J, Wang L, Zhang X, Liu P, Deji Z, Xing Y, Zhou Y, Lin X, Huang Z. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and its influence on the intestinal barrier: An overview on the advances. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 852:158362. [PMID: 36055502 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of artificially synthetic organic compounds that are hardly degraded in the natural environment. PFAS have been widely used for many decades, and the persistence and potential toxicity of PFAS are an emerging concern in the world. PFAS exposed via diet can be readily absorbed by the intestine and enter the circulatory system or accumulate directly at intestinal sites, which could interact with the intestine and cause the destruction of intestinal barrier. This review summarizes current relationships between PFAS exposure and intestinal barrier damage with a focus on more recent toxicological studies. Exposure to PFAS could cause inflammation in the gut, destruction of the gut epithelium and tight junction structure, reduction of the mucus layer, and induction of the toxicity of immune cells. PFAS accumulation could also induce microbial disorders and metabolic products changes. In addition, there are limited studies currently, and most available studies converge on the health risk of PFAS exposure for human intestinal disease. Therefore, more efforts are deserved to further understand potential associations between PFAS exposure and intestinal dysfunction and enable better assessment of exposomic toxicology and health risks for humans in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyang Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Agriculture, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Zhuoma Deji
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Yudong Xing
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Xia Lin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
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