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Anlauf MT, Bilsing FL, Reiners J, Spitz O, Hachani E, Smits SHJ, Schmitt L. Type 1 secretion necessitates a tight interplay between all domains of the ABC transporter. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8994. [PMID: 38637678 PMCID: PMC11026475 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59759-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Type I secretion systems (T1SS) facilitate the secretion of substrates in one step across both membranes of Gram-negative bacteria. A prime example is the hemolysin T1SS which secretes the toxin HlyA. Secretion is energized by the ABC transporter HlyB, which forms a complex together with the membrane fusion protein HlyD and the outer membrane protein TolC. HlyB features three domains: an N-terminal C39 peptidase-like domain (CLD), a transmembrane domain (TMD) and a C-terminal nucleotide binding domain (NBD). Here, we created chimeric transporters by swapping one or more domains of HlyB with the respective domain(s) of RtxB, a HlyB homolog from Kingella kingae. We tested all chimeric transporters for their ability to secrete pro-HlyA when co-expressed with HlyD. The CLD proved to be most critical, as a substitution abolished secretion. Swapping only the TMD or NBD reduced the secretion efficiency, while a simultaneous exchange abolished secretion. These results indicate that the CLD is the most critical secretion determinant, while TMD and NBD might possess additional recognition or interaction sites. This mode of recognition represents a hierarchical and extreme unusual case of substrate recognition for ABC transporters and optimal secretion requires a tight interplay between all domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel T Anlauf
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Florestan L Bilsing
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens Reiners
- Center for Structural Studies, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Olivia Spitz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- INCONSULT, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Eymen Hachani
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sander H J Smits
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Structural Studies, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lutz Schmitt
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Bonthala VS, Stich B. StCoExpNet: a global co-expression network analysis facilitates identifying genes underlying agronomic traits in potatoes. Plant Cell Rep 2024; 43:117. [PMID: 38622429 PMCID: PMC11018665 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03201-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE We constructed a gene expression atlas and co-expression network for potatoes and identified several novel genes associated with various agronomic traits. This resource will accelerate potato genetics and genomics research. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the world's most crucial non-cereal food crop and ranks third in food production after wheat and rice. Despite the availability of several potato transcriptome datasets at public databases like NCBI SRA, an effort has yet to be put into developing a global transcriptome atlas and a co-expression network for potatoes. The objectives of our study were to construct a global expression atlas for potatoes using publicly available transcriptome datasets, identify housekeeping and tissue-specific genes, construct a global co-expression network and identify co-expression clusters, investigate the transcriptional complexity of genes involved in various essential biological processes related to agronomic traits, and provide a web server (StCoExpNet) to easily access the newly constructed expression atlas and co-expression network to investigate the expression and co-expression of genes of interest. In this study, we used data from 2299 publicly available potato transcriptome samples obtained from 15 different tissues to construct a global transcriptome atlas. We found that roughly 87% of the annotated genes exhibited detectable expression in at least one sample. Among these, we identified 281 genes with consistent and stable expression levels, indicating their role as housekeeping genes. Conversely, 308 genes exhibited marked tissue-specific expression patterns. We exemplarily linked some co-expression clusters to important agronomic traits of potatoes, such as self-incompatibility, anthocyanin biosynthesis, tuberization, and defense responses against multiple pathogens. The dataset compiled here constitutes a new resource (StCoExpNet), which can be accessed at https://stcoexpnet.julius-kuehn.de . This transcriptome atlas and the co-expression network will accelerate potato genetics and genomics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Suresh Bonthala
- Institute of Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Benjamin Stich
- Institute of Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Institute for Breeding Research On Agricultural Crops, Rudolf-Schick-Platz 3a, OT Groß Lüsewitz, 18190, Sanitz, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Köln, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence On Plant Sciences, From Complex Traits Towards Synthetic Modules, Düsseldorf, Germany
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3
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Kattan E, Ibarra-Estrada M, Jung C. Knowing the ropes of vasopressor dosing: a focus on norepinephrine. Intensive Care Med 2024; 50:587-589. [PMID: 38498164 PMCID: PMC11018687 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-024-07374-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Kattan
- Departamento de Medicina Intensiva, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel Ibarra-Estrada
- Unidad de Terapia Intensiva, Hospital Civil Fray Antonio Alcalde, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Christian Jung
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
- CARID (Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf), Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Yaqubi K, Kostev K, Klein I, Schüssler S, May P, Luedde T, Roderburg C, Loosen SH. Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with an increase in the incidence of multiple sclerosis: a retrospective cohort study of 24,934 patients. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:186. [PMID: 38504334 PMCID: PMC10953134 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01776-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent data suggest a potential pathophysiological link between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and multiple sclerosis (MS), two immune-mediated diseases both of which can have a significant impact on patients' quality of life. In the present manuscript, we investigate the association between IBD and MS in a German cohort of general practice patients. These results may have important implications for the screening and management of patients with IBD, as well as for further research into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying both disorders. METHODS 4,934 individuals with IBD (11,140 with Crohn's disease (CD) and 13,794 with ulcerative colitis (UC)) as well as 24,934 propensity score matched individuals without IBD were identified from the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA). A subsequent diagnosis of MS was analyzed as a function of IBD using Cox regression models. RESULTS After 10 years of follow-up, 0.9% and 0.7% of CD and UC patients but only 0.5% and 0.3% of matched non-IBD pairs were diagnosed with MS, respectively (pCD = 0.002 and pUC < 0.001). Both CD (HR: 2.09; 95% CI 1.28-3.39) and UC (HR: 2.35; 95% CI 1.47-3.78) were significantly associated with a subsequent MS diagnosis. Subgroup analysis revealed that the association between both CD and UC and MS was more pronounced among male patients. CONCLUSION The results of our analysis suggest a notable association between IBD and a subsequent MS diagnosis. These findings warrant further pathophysiological investigation and may have clinical implications for the screening of IBD patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaneschka Yaqubi
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Petra May
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tom Luedde
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Roderburg
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sven H Loosen
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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5
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Prost M, Taday R, Beyersdorf CCP, Latz D, Windolf J, Scheyerer MJ, Konieczny MR. Navigation versus fluoroscopy in minimalinvasive iliosacral screw placement. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:185. [PMID: 38491520 PMCID: PMC10943796 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04669-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION When needed operative treatment of sacral fractures is mostly performed with percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation. The advantage of navigation in insertion of pedicle screws already could be shown by former investigations. The aim of this investigation was now to analyze which influence iliosacral screw placement guided by navigation has on duration of surgery, radiation exposure and accuracy of screw placement compared to the technique guided by fluoroscopy. METHODS 68 Consecutive patients with sacral fractures who have been treated by iliosacral screws were inclouded. Overall, 85 screws have been implanted in these patients. Beside of demographic data the duration of surgery, duration of radiation, dose of radiation and accuracy of screw placement were analyzed. RESULTS When iliosacral screw placement was guided by navigation instead of fluoroscopy the dose of radiation per inserted screw (155.0 cGy*cm2 vs. 469.4 cGy*cm2 p < 0.0001) as well as the duration of radiation use (84.8 s vs. 147.5 s p < 0.0001) were significantly lower. The use of navigation lead to a significant reduction of duration of surgery (39.0 min vs. 60.1 min p < 0.01). The placement of the screws showed a significantly higher accuracy when performed by navigation (0 misplaced screws vs 6 misplaced screws-p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Based on these results minimal invasive iliosacral screw placement guided by navigation seems to be a safe procedure, which leads to a reduced exposure to radiation for the patient and the surgeon, a reduced duration of surgery as well as a higher accuracy of screw placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Prost
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Roman Taday
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carl Christoph Paul Beyersdorf
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - David Latz
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joachim Windolf
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Max Joseph Scheyerer
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Markus Rafael Konieczny
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Spine Surgery, Volmarstein Orthopedic Clinic, Volmarstein, Germany
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Alpdağtaş S, Jankowski N, Urlacher VB, Koschorreck K. Identification of redox activators for continuous reactivation of glyoxal oxidase from Trametes versicolor in a two-enzyme reaction cascade. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5932. [PMID: 38467766 PMCID: PMC10928124 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56429-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Glyoxal oxidases, belonging to the group of copper radical oxidases (CROs), oxidize aldehydes to carboxylic acids, while reducing O2 to H2O2. Their activity on furan derivatives like 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) makes these enzymes promising biocatalysts for the environmentally friendly synthesis of the bioplastics precursor 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). However, glyoxal oxidases suffer from inactivation, which requires the identification of suitable redox activators for efficient substrate conversion. Furthermore, only a few glyoxal oxidases have been expressed and characterized so far. Here, we report on a new glyoxal oxidase from Trametes versicolor (TvGLOX) that was expressed at high levels in Pichia pastoris (reclassified as Komagataella phaffii). TvGLOX was found to catalyze the oxidation of aldehyde groups in glyoxylic acid, methyl glyoxal, HMF, 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) and 5-formyl-2-furancarboxylic acid (FFCA), but barely accepted alcohol groups as in 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid (HMFCA), preventing formation of FDCA from HMF. Various redox activators were tested for TvGLOX reactivation during catalyzed reactions. Among them, a combination of horseradish peroxidase and its substrate 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonic acid) (ABTS) most efficiently reactivated TvGLOX. Through continuous reactivation of TvGLOX in a two-enzyme system employing a recombinant Moesziomyces antarcticus aryl-alcohol oxidase (MaAAO) almost complete conversion of 8 mM HMF to FDCA was achieved within 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saadet Alpdağtaş
- Department of Biology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, 65080, Turkey
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nina Jankowski
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vlada B Urlacher
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katja Koschorreck
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Spooner RK, Bahners BH, Schnitzler A, Florin E. Time-resolved quantification of fine hand movements as a proxy for evaluating bradykinesia-induced motor dysfunction. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5340. [PMID: 38438484 PMCID: PMC10912452 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55862-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Bradykinesia is a behavioral manifestation that contributes to functional dependencies in later life. However, the current state of bradykinesia indexing primarily relies on subjective, time-averaged categorizations of motor deficits, which often yield poor reliability. Herein, we used time-resolved analyses of accelerometer recordings during standardized movements, data-driven factor analyses, and linear mixed effects models (LMEs) to quantitatively characterize general, task- and therapy-specific indices of motor impairment in people with Parkinson's disease (PwP) currently undergoing treatment for bradykinesia. Our results demonstrate that single-trial, accelerometer-based features of finger-tapping and rotational hand movements were significantly modulated by divergent therapeutic regimens. Further, these features corresponded well to current gold standards for symptom monitoring, with more precise predictive capacities of bradykinesia-specific declines achieved when considering kinematic features from diverse movement types together, rather than in isolation. Herein, we report data-driven, sample-specific kinematic profiles of diverse movement types along a continuous spectrum of motor impairment, which importantly, preserves the temporal scale for which biomechanical fluctuations in motor deficits evolve in humans. Therefore, this approach may prove useful for tracking bradykinesia-induced motor decline in aging populations the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K Spooner
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Bahne H Bahners
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alfons Schnitzler
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Center for Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Esther Florin
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Şimşek T, Weidner L. The Effect of Inequality and Prosperity on the European Market for Gambling Machines: A Socioeconomic Panel Analysis. J Gambl Stud 2024; 40:107-129. [PMID: 37204555 PMCID: PMC10904555 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-023-10213-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the potential influence of prosperity and inequality on gambling participation in Europe. We combined data from the Eurostat database, the Global Wealth Report, and the European Casino Association and estimated fixed effects panel regression models. We show that income inequality has a negative effect on the number of gambling machines that flattens for high values, while wealth inequality has a linear negative effect. Moreover, an increase in the disposable income of the lower quintiles leads to significant increases in the number of gambling machines per country. These findings are important for future researchers who relate any kind of economic variable to gambling as well as for policy makers, as our results suggest that the lower-income groups should be given the most attention with regards to gambling regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talha Şimşek
- Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE), Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Institute for Gambling and Society (GLÜG), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Linus Weidner
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
- Institute for Gambling and Society (GLÜG), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Söhner F, Arp A, Halling T, Hansson N, Hinz U, Löffelbein N, Schliwa C, Sparing F. Forum: Oral History in der Medizin. Etwas Besonderes? NTM 2024; 32:35-37. [PMID: 38411663 PMCID: PMC10914888 DOI: 10.1007/s00048-024-00380-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Felicitas Söhner
- Institut für Geschichte, Theorie und Ethik der Medizin, Centre for Health and Society, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland.
| | - Agnès Arp
- Oral-History-Forschungsstelle, Universität Erfurt, Steinplatz 2, 99085, Erfurt, Deutschland
| | - Thorsten Halling
- Institut für Geschichte, Theorie und Ethik der Medizin, Centre for Health and Society, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
| | - Nils Hansson
- Institut für Geschichte, Theorie und Ethik der Medizin, Centre for Health and Society, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
| | - Uta Hinz
- Institut für Neuere Geschichte, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
| | - Nils Löffelbein
- Institut für Geschichte, Theorie und Ethik der Medizin, Centre for Health and Society, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
| | - Constanze Schliwa
- Institut für Historische Bildungsforschung, Universität Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park 8, 20146, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Frank Sparing
- Institut für Geschichte, Theorie und Ethik der Medizin, Centre for Health and Society, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
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Jenkins FS, Minol JP, Akar T, Yilmaz E, Immohr MB, Dalyanoglu I, Korbmacher B, Aissa J, Boeken U, Lichtenberg A, Akhyari P, Dalyanoglu H. Pectoral muscle mass is not a robust prognostic factor for survival after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. J Cardiothorac Surg 2024; 19:76. [PMID: 38336743 PMCID: PMC10858520 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02547-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) are an established treatment for end-stage left ventricular heart failure. Parameters are needed to identify the most appropriate patients for LVADs. This study aimed to evaluate pectoral muscle mass and density as prognostic parameters. METHODS This single-center study included all patients with LVAD implantation between January 2010 and October 2017 and a preoperative chest CT scan. Pectoral muscle mass was assessed using the Pectoralis Muscle Index (PMI, surface area indexed to height, cm2/m2) and pectoral muscle density by Hounsfield Units (HU). Overall mortality was analyzed with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and 1-year and 3-year mortality with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Cox regression models. RESULTS 57 patients (89.5% male, mean age 57.8 years) were included. 64.9% of patients had end-stage left ventricular failure due to ischemic heart disease and 35.1% due to dilated cardiomyopathy. 49.2% of patients had preoperative INTERMACS profile of 1 or 2 and 33.3% received mechanical circulatory support prior to LVAD implantation. Total mean PMI was 4.7 cm2/m2 (± 1.6), overall HU of the major pectoral muscle was 39.0 (± 14.9) and of the minor pectoral muscle 37.1 (± 16.6). Mean follow-up was 2.8 years (± 0.2). Mortality rates were 37.5% at 1 year and 48.0% at 3 years. Neither PMI nor HU were significantly associated with overall mortality at 1-year or 3-year. CONCLUSIONS The results of our study do not confirm the association between higher pectoral muscle mass and better survival after LVAD implantation previously described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freya Sophie Jenkins
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jan-Philipp Minol
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Tarik Akar
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Esma Yilmaz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Moritz Benjamin Immohr
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Bernhard Korbmacher
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joel Aissa
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Udo Boeken
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Artur Lichtenberg
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Payam Akhyari
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hannan Dalyanoglu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Prott LS, Spitznagel FA, Hugger A, Langner R, Gierthmühlen PC, Gierthmühlen M. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for the treatment of myoarthropatic symptoms in patients with craniomandibular dysfunction - a protocol for a randomized and controlled pilot trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2024; 10:27. [PMID: 38331976 PMCID: PMC10851508 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-024-01447-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a collective term for pain and dysfunction of the masticatory muscles and the temporomandibular joints. The most common types of TMD are pain-related, which may impact the psychological behavior and quality of life. Currently, the most popular methods for the treatment of TMD patients are occlusal splint therapy, often in combination with physical- and/or pharmacotherapy. However, due to the complexity of etiology, the treatment of chronic TMD remains a challenge. Recently, CE-certified systems for non-invasive VNS (transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation, taVNS) have become available and show positive effects in the treatment of chronic pain conditions, like migraine or fibromyalgia, with which TMD shares similarities. Therefore, it is the main purpose of the study to evaluate the feasibility of daily taVNS against chronic TMD and to assess whether there is an improvement in pain severity, quality of life, and kinetic parameters. METHODS This study is designed as a single-blinded, double-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) in a 1:1 allocation ratio. Twenty adult patients with chronical TMD symptoms will be enrolled and randomized to stimulation or sham group. In the stimulation group, taVNS is performed on the left tragus (25 Hz, pulse width 250 µs, 28 s on/32 s off, 4 h/day). The sham group will receive no stimulation via a non-functional identical-looking electrode. Validated questionnaire data and clinical parameters will be collected at the beginning of the study and after 4 and 8 weeks. The compliance of a daily taVNS of patients with chronical TMD will be evaluated via a smartphone app recording daily stimulation time and average intensity. Additionally, the treatment impact on pain severity and quality of life will be assessed with different questionnaires, and the effect on the mandibular mobility and muscle activity will be analyzed. DISCUSSION This is the first clinical trial to assess the feasibility of taVNS in patients with chronic TMD symptoms. If taVNS improves the symptoms of TMD, it will be a significant gain in quality of life for these chronic pain patients. The results of this pilot study will help to determine the feasibility of a large-scale RCT. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study has been registered in the DRKS database (DRKS00029724).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea S Prott
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany.
| | - Frank A Spitznagel
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Alfons Hugger
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Robert Langner
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, 52425, Germany
| | - Petra C Gierthmühlen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Mortimer Gierthmühlen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, In Der Schornau 23-25, Bochum, 44892, Germany
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Muhammad S, Zhang R, Filler T, Hänggi D, Meling TR. Trans-lateral ventricular approach for surgical treatment of high-located P2-P3 junction posterior cerebral artery aneurysms: from anatomical research to clinical application. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2024; 166:50. [PMID: 38289511 PMCID: PMC10828004 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-024-05942-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posterior cerebral artery (PCA) aneurysms, though rare, pose treatment challenges. Endovascular therapy is the preferred option, but microsurgery becomes necessary in certain cases. Various microsurgical approaches have been suggested for PCA aneurysms, particularly those at the P2-P3 junction. This study highlights the trans-lateral ventricular approach (TVA) for addressing these complex aneurysms. This study aims to assess the feasibility and safety of the trans-lateral ventricular approach (TVA) for treating high-located complex PCA aneurysms at the P2-P3 junction. The study evaluates both clinical outcomes and anatomical considerations. METHODS Two cases of PCA aneurysms at the P2-P3 junction were treated using TVA in 2019. Navigation-guided entry via the interparietal sulcus was planned. Ventriculostomy was performed from the cortex to the lateral ventricle's atrium. Medial atrial floor dissection exposed PCA's P2-P3 segments. Neuronavigation and ultrasound-aided guidance was used. Anatomical studies on fixed and contrast-perfused specimens refined the approach. RESULTS Both cases saw successful aneurysm clipping. The unruptured aneurysm patient was discharged in 6 days. The poor-grade SAH patient required extended ICU care, moving to rehabilitation with mRS = 4. The unruptured complex aneurysm case exhibited no deficits, returning to work in 3 months. Anatomical dissections validated TVA for high-located P2-P3 junction PCA aneurysms. CONCLUSION While endovascular therapy remains primary, this study demonstrates the viability of navigation-guided TVA for select high-located P2-P3 junction PCA aneurysms. Successes and challenges underscore the importance of patient selection and anatomical awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Muhammad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Mooren Str. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Department of Neurosurgery, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Mooren Str. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xingtai People's Hospital Hebei Medical University, Xingtai, China
| | - Timm Filler
- Institute for Anatomy I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Mooren Str. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Hänggi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Mooren Str. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
- International Neuroscience Institute (INI), Rudolf-Pichlmayr-Straße 4, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Torstein R Meling
- Department of Neurosurgery, The National Hospital of Denmark, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Besta NeuroSim Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, Instituto Nazionale Neurologico "C. Besta,", Milan, Italy
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Philippsen A, Mieth L, Buchner A, Bell R. People punish defection, not failures to conform to the majority. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1211. [PMID: 38216621 PMCID: PMC10786916 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Do people punish others for defecting or for failing to conform to the majority? In two experiments, we manipulated whether the participants' partners cooperated or defected in the majority of the trials of a Prisoner's Dilemma game. The effects of this base-rate manipulation on cooperation and punishment were assessed using a multinomial processing tree model. High compared to low cooperation rates of the partners increased participants' cooperation. When participants' cooperation was not enforced through partner punishment, the participants' cooperation was closely aligned to the cooperation rates of the partners. Moral punishment of defection increased when cooperation rates were high compared to when defection rates were high. However, antisocial punishment of cooperation when defection rates were high was much less likely than moral punishment of defection when cooperation rates were high. In addition, antisocial punishment was increased when cooperation rates were high compared to when defection rates were high. The latter two results contradict the assumption that people punish conformity-violating behavior regardless of whether the behavior supports or disrupts cooperation. Punishment is thus sensitive to the rates of cooperation and defection but, overall, the results are inconsistent with the idea that punishment primarily, let alone exclusively, serves to enforce conformity with the majority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Philippsen
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Laura Mieth
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Axel Buchner
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Raoul Bell
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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MacLeod AI, Knopp MR, Gould SB. A mysterious cloak: the peptidoglycan layer of algal and plant plastids. Protoplasma 2024; 261:173-178. [PMID: 37603062 PMCID: PMC10784329 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01886-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The plastids of algae and plants originated on a single occasion from an endosymbiotic cyanobacterium at least a billion years ago. Despite the divergent evolution that characterizes the plastids of different lineages, many traits such as membrane organization and means of fission are universal-they pay tribute to the cyanobacterial origin of the organelle. For one such trait, the peptidoglycan (PG) layer, the situation is more complicated. Our view on its distribution keeps on changing and little is known regarding its molecular relevance, especially for land plants. Here, we investigate the extent of PG presence across the Chloroplastida using a phylogenomic approach. Our data support the view of a PG layer being present in the last common ancestor of land plants and its remarkable conservation across bryophytes that are otherwise characterized by gene loss. In embryophytes, the occurrence of the PG layer biosynthetic toolkit becomes patchier and the availability of novel genome data questions previous predictions regarding a functional coevolution of the PG layer and the plastid division machinery-associated gene FtsZ3. Furthermore, our data confirm the presence of penicillin-binding protein (PBP) orthologs in seed plants, which were previously thought to be absent from this clade. The 5-7 nm thick, and seemingly unchanged, PG layer armoring the plastids of glaucophyte algae might still provide the original function of structural support, but the same can likely not be said about the only recently identified PG layer of bryophyte and tracheophyte plastids. There are several issues to be explored regarding the composition, exact function, and biosynthesis of the PG layer in land plants. These issues arise from the fact that land plants seemingly lack certain genes that are believed to be crucial for PG layer production, even though they probably synthesize a PG layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander I MacLeod
- Institute for Molecular Evolution, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Michael R Knopp
- Institute for Molecular Evolution, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sven B Gould
- Institute for Molecular Evolution, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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15
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Lübke KT, Storch D, Pause BM. Sexual Orientation Affects Neural Responses to Subtle Social Aggression Signals. Arch Sex Behav 2024; 53:153-175. [PMID: 37501010 PMCID: PMC10794475 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02661-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The current series of studies are the first to examine brain responses to social aggression signals as a function of male and female sexual orientation. For the first set of studies (1a, 1b), axillary sweat had been collected from 17 heterosexual men and 17 heterosexual women aggressively responding to frustrating opponents (aggression condition) and while playing a construction game (control condition). Sweat samples were pooled according to sex and condition, and presented via a constant flow olfactometer to 17 gay and 23 heterosexual men (Study 1a), and 19 lesbian and 25 heterosexual women (Study 1b). Ongoing EEG was recorded from 61 scalp locations, chemosensory event-related potentials (CSERPs; P2, P3-1, P3-2) were analyzed, and neuronal sources calculated (low resolution electromagnetic tomography). Within the second set of studies (2a, 2b), pictures of males' and females' weak angry and neutral facial expressions were presented to 21 gay and 23 heterosexual men (Study 2a), and 19 lesbian and 26 heterosexual women (Study 2b), and ERPs (N170, P3) were analyzed. Gay men showed larger P3-1 amplitudes than heterosexual men upon presentation of male aggression sweat, accompanied by activation of the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG, BA 10). Gay men also displayed longer N170 latencies in response to men's compared to women's angry facial expressions, while heterosexual men did not. In women, sexual orientation did not affect the processing of aggression sweat or anger expressions. Gay men showed preferential processing of chemosensory aggression signals (P3-1 amplitudes), indicating fine-tuned socioemotional sensitivity, related to activation of brain areas involved in emotion regulation (IFG). They further process the relative relevance of visual aggression signals (N170 latency). These results were in line with theories proposing a common evolutionary pathway for same-sex attraction and traits easing social integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin T Lübke
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Dunja Storch
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bettina M Pause
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Langenberg M, Bayer M, Zimmermann E. Active production and passive observation of hand movements shift visual hand location. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20645. [PMID: 38001114 PMCID: PMC10673826 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47557-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Which factors influence the perception of our hand location is a matter of current debate. Here, we test if sensorimotor processing contributes to the perception of hand location. We developed a novel visuomotor adaptation procedure to measure whether actively performing hand movements or passively observing them, influences visual perception of hand location. Participants had to point with a handheld controller to a briefly presented visual target. When they reached the remembered position of the target, the controller presented a tactile buzz. In adaptation trials, the tactile buzz was presented when the hand had not yet reached the target. Over the course of trials, participants adapted to the manipulation and pointed to a location between the visual target and the tactile buzz. We measured the perceived location of the hand by flashing a virtual pair of left and right hands before and after adaptation. Participants had to judge which hand they perceived closer to their body on the fronto-parallel plane. After adaptation, they judged the right hand, that corresponded to the hand used during adaptation, to be located further away from the body. We conclude that sensorimotor prediction of the consequences of hand movements shape sensory processing of hand location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryvonne Langenberg
- Institute for Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Manuel Bayer
- Institute for Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eckart Zimmermann
- Institute for Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Domin H, Zimmermann J, Taubenheim J, Fuentes Reyes G, Saueressig L, Prasse D, Höppner M, Schmitz RA, Hentschel U, Kaleta C, Fraune S. Sequential host-bacteria and bacteria-bacteria interactions determine the microbiome establishment of Nematostella vectensis. Microbiome 2023; 11:257. [PMID: 37978412 PMCID: PMC10656924 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01701-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microbiota of multicellular organisms undergoes considerable changes during host ontogeny but the general mechanisms that control community assembly and succession are poorly understood. Here, we use bacterial recolonization experiments in Nematostella vectensis as a model to understand general mechanisms determining bacterial establishment and succession. We compared the dynamic establishment of the microbiome on the germfree host and on inert silicone tubes. RESULTS Following the dynamic reconstruction of microbial communities on both substrates, we show that the initial colonization events are strongly influenced by the host but not by the silicone tube, while the subsequent bacteria-bacteria interactions are the main driver of bacterial succession. Interestingly, the recolonization pattern on adult hosts resembles the ontogenetic colonization succession. This process occurs independently of the bacterial composition of the inoculum and can be followed at the level of individual bacteria. To identify potential metabolic traits associated with initial colonization success and potential metabolic interactions among bacteria associated with bacterial succession, we reconstructed the metabolic networks of bacterial colonizers based on their genomes. These analyses revealed that bacterial metabolic capabilities reflect the recolonization pattern, and the degradation of chitin might be a selection factor during early recolonization of the animal. Concurrently, transcriptomic analyses revealed that Nematostella possesses two chitin synthase genes, one of which is upregulated during early recolonization. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that early recolonization events are strongly controlled by the host while subsequent colonization depends on metabolic bacteria-bacteria interactions largely independent of host ontogeny. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Domin
- Institute for Zoology and Organismic Interactions, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - J Zimmermann
- Research Group Medical Systems Biology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - J Taubenheim
- Institute for Zoology and Organismic Interactions, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
- Research Group Medical Systems Biology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - G Fuentes Reyes
- Institute for Zoology and Organismic Interactions, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - L Saueressig
- Institute for Zoology and Organismic Interactions, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - D Prasse
- Institute for General Microbiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - M Höppner
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - R A Schmitz
- Institute for General Microbiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - U Hentschel
- RD3 Marine Symbioses, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, 24105, Germany
- Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - C Kaleta
- Research Group Medical Systems Biology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - S Fraune
- Institute for Zoology and Organismic Interactions, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany.
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Troost T, Seib E, Airich A, Vüllings N, Necakov A, De Renzis S, Klein T. The meaning of ubiquitylation of the DSL ligand Delta for the development of Drosophila. BMC Biol 2023; 21:260. [PMID: 37974242 PMCID: PMC10655352 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01759-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ubiquitylation (ubi) of the intracellular domain of the Notch ligand Delta (Dl) by the E3 ligases Neuralized (Neur) and Mindbomb1 (Mib1) on lysines (Ks) is thought to be essential for the its signalling activity. Nevertheless, we have previously shown that DlK2R-HA, a Dl variant where all Ks in its intracellular domain (ICD) are replaced by the structurally similar arginine (R), still possess weak activity if over-expressed. This suggests that ubi is not absolutely required for Dl signalling. However, it is not known whether the residual activity of DlK2R-HA is an effect of over-expression and, if not, whether DlK2R can provide sufficient activity for the whole development of Drosophila. RESULTS To clarify these issues, we generated and analysed DlattP-DlK2R-HA, a knock-in allele into the Dl locus. Our analysis of this allele reveals that the sole presence of one copy of DlattP-DlK2R-HA can provide sufficient activity for completion of development. It further indicates that while ubi is required for the full activity of Dl in Mib1-dependent processes, it is not essential for Neur-controlled neural development. We identify three modes of Dl signalling that are either dependent or independent of ubi. Importantly, all modes depend on the presence of the endocytic adapter Epsin. During activation of Dl, direct binding of Epsin appears not to be an essential requirement. In addition, our analysis further reveals that the Ks are required to tune down the cis-inhibitory interaction of Dl with Notch. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that Dl can activate the Notch pathway without ubi of its ICD. It signals via three modes. Ubi is specifically required for the Mib1-dependent processes and the adjustment of cis-inhibition. In contrast to Mib1, Neur can efficiently activate Dl without ubi. Neur probably acts as an endocytic co-adapter in addition to its role as E3 ligase. Endocytosis, regulated in a ubi-dependent or ubi-independent manner is required for signalling and also suppression of cis-inhibition. The findings clarify the role of ubi of the ligands during Notch signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Troost
- Institute of Genetics, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Seib
- Institute of Genetics, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Alina Airich
- Institute of Genetics, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole Vüllings
- Institute of Genetics, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Aleksandar Necakov
- Department of Biological Science, Brock University, 1030, Ontario, L2S3A1, Canada
| | - Stefano De Renzis
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Developmental Biology Unit, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Klein
- Institute of Genetics, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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Ghosh S, Albert MH, Hauck F, Hönig M, Schütz C, Schulz A, Speckmann C. [Newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiencies (SCID) in Germany]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2023; 66:1222-1231. [PMID: 37726421 PMCID: PMC10622353 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-023-03773-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Patients with a severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) harbor genetic mutations disrupting T cell immunity and hence suffer severe, life-threatening infections or manifestations of immune dysregulation within the first months of their life. The only cure is to correct their immune system, usually by means of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Pilot studies and national programs in the United States and in European countries have shown that patients can be identified at an early asymptomatic stage through newborn screening. This allows treatment before the occurrence of severe complications, which improves the outcome of curative strategies like HSCT.After assessment by the Federal Joint Committee (G-BA), the SCID screening was implemented into newborn screening in Germany in 2019. The first results of the screening (dry blood spot cards from around 2 million newborns between August 2019 and February 2022) were recently published. As expected, in addition to classic SCID diseases (incidence 1:54,000), infants with syndromic disorders and T cell lymphopenia were also identified. All patients with classic SCID were scheduled for curative treatment. Of the 25 patients with classic SCID, 21 were already transplanted at the time of data analysis. Only one of 21 transplanted patients died due to pre-existing infections. A comparison of the recent screening data with historical data suggests that SCID newborn screening has been successfully implemented in Germany. Patients with SCID are routinely identified very early and scheduled for curative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujal Ghosh
- Klinik für Kinder-Onkologie, -Hämatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Deutschland.
- Klinik für Kinder-Onkologie, -Hämatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland.
| | - Michael H Albert
- Kinderklinik und Kinderpoliklinik im Dr. von Haunerschen Kinderspital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - Fabian Hauck
- Kinderklinik und Kinderpoliklinik im Dr. von Haunerschen Kinderspital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - Manfred Hönig
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Deutschland
| | - Catharina Schütz
- Pädiatrische Immunologie, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - Ansgar Schulz
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Deutschland
| | - Carsten Speckmann
- Pädiatrische Hämatologie und Onkologie, Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin und Centrum für Chronische Immundefizienz, Institut für Immundefizienz, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland
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Jühling M, König LM, Gruber H, Wolf V, Ritz-Timme S, Mayer F. Impact of (forensic) expert opinions according to the Istanbul Protocol in Germany-results and insights of the in:Fo-project-reply to commentary of C. Cattaneo and L. Franceschetti. Int J Legal Med 2023; 137:1941. [PMID: 37477749 PMCID: PMC10567797 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-023-03064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Jühling
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - L M König
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - H Gruber
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Psychosocial Center for Refugees Düsseldorf e. V., Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - V Wolf
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Psychosocial Center for Refugees Düsseldorf e. V., Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - St Ritz-Timme
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - F Mayer
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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21
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Bell R, Komar GF, Mieth L, Buchner A. Evidence of a metacognitive illusion in judgments about the effects of music on cognitive performance. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18750. [PMID: 37907541 PMCID: PMC10618565 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46169-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Two experiments serve to examine how people make metacognitive judgments about the effects of task-irrelevant sounds on cognitive performance. According to the direct-access account, people have direct access to the processes causing auditory distraction. According to the processing-fluency account, people rely on the feeling of processing fluency to make heuristic metacognitive judgments about the distracting effects of sounds. To manipulate the processing fluency of simple piano melodies and segments of Mozart's sonata K. 448, the audio files of the music were either left in their original forward direction or reversed. The results favor the processing-fluency account over the direct-access account: Even though, objectively, forward and backward music had the same distracting effect on serial recall, stimulus-specific prospective metacognitive judgments showed that participants incorrectly predicted only backward music but not forward music to be distracting. The difference between forward and backward music was reduced but not eliminated in global retrospective metacognitive judgments that participants provided after having experienced the distracting effect of the music first-hand. The results thus provide evidence of a metacognitive illusion in people's judgments about the effects of music on cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoul Bell
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Gesa Fee Komar
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Mieth
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Axel Buchner
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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22
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Menne NM, Winter K, Bell R, Buchner A. The effects of lineup size on the processes underlying eyewitness decisions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17190. [PMID: 37821465 PMCID: PMC10567786 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44003-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we apply the two-high threshold eyewitness identification model to identify the effects of lineup size on the detection-based and non-detection-based processes underlying eyewitness decisions. In Experiment 1, lineup size was manipulated by showing participants simultaneous or sequential lineups that contained either three or six persons. In Experiment 2, the lineups contained either two or five persons. In both experiments, the culprit was better detected in smaller than in larger lineups. Furthermore, participants made fewer guessing-based selections in smaller than in larger lineups. However, guessing-based selection in larger lineups was not increased to a level sufficient to offset the effect of increased protection of suspects in larger lineups due to the fact that the guessing-based selections that occur are distributed across more persons. The results show that increasing the lineup size causes several changes in the detection-based and non-detection-based processes underlying eyewitness decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Marie Menne
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Kristina Winter
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Raoul Bell
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Axel Buchner
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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23
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Schaufler A, Sanin AY, Sandalcioglu IE, Hartmann K, Croner RS, Perrakis A, Wartmann T, Boese A, Kahlert UD, Fischer I. Concept of a fully-implantable system to monitor tumor recurrence. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16362. [PMID: 37773315 PMCID: PMC10541913 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43226-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Current treatment for glioblastoma includes tumor resection followed by radiation, chemotherapy, and periodic post-operative examinations. Despite combination therapies, patients face a poor prognosis and eventual recurrence, which often occurs at the resection site. With standard MRI imaging surveillance, histologic changes may be overlooked or misinterpreted, leading to erroneous conclusions about the course of adjuvant therapy and subsequent interventions. To address these challenges, we propose an implantable system for accurate continuous recurrence monitoring that employs optical sensing of fluorescently labeled cancer cells and is implanted in the resection cavity during the final stage of tumor resection. We demonstrate the feasibility of the sensing principle using miniaturized system components, optical tissue phantoms, and porcine brain tissue in a series of experimental trials. Subsequently, the system electronics are extended to include circuitry for wireless energy transfer and power management and verified through electromagnetic field, circuit simulations and test of an evaluation board. Finally, a holistic conceptual system design is presented and visualized. This novel approach to monitor glioblastoma patients is intended to early detect recurrent cancerous tissue and enable personalization and optimization of therapy thus potentially improving overall prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Schaufler
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular - and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- INKA Health Tech Innovation Lab., Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ahmed Y Sanin
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular - and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Campus STIMULATE, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - I Erol Sandalcioglu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Karl Hartmann
- Department of Neurosurgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Roland S Croner
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular - and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Aristotelis Perrakis
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular - and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Wartmann
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular - and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Axel Boese
- INKA Health Tech Innovation Lab., Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ulf D Kahlert
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular - and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Campus STIMULATE, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Igor Fischer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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24
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Philippsen A, Mieth L, Buchner A, Bell R. Communicating emotions, but not expressing them privately, reduces moral punishment in a Prisoner's Dilemma game. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14693. [PMID: 37673945 PMCID: PMC10482980 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41886-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The existence of moral punishment, that is, the fact that cooperative people sacrifice resources to punish defecting partners requires an explanation. Potential explanations are that people punish defecting partners to privately express or to communicate their negative emotions in response to the experienced unfairness. If so, then providing participants with alternative ways to privately express or to communicate their emotions should reduce moral punishment. In two experiments, participants interacted with cooperating and defecting partners in a Prisoner's Dilemma game. After each round, participants communicated their emotions to their partners (Experiments 1 and 2) or only expressed them privately (Experiment 2). Each trial concluded with a costly punishment option. Compared to a no-expression control group, moral punishment was reduced when emotions were communicated to the defecting partner but not when emotions were privately expressed. Moral punishment may thus serve to communicate emotions to defecting partners. However, moral punishment was only reduced but far from being eliminated, suggesting that the communication of emotions does not come close to replacing moral punishment. Furthermore, prompting participants to focus on their emotions had undesirable side-effects: Privately expressing emotions diminished cooperation, enhanced hypocritical punishment (i.e., punishment of defecting partners by defecting participants), and induced an unspecific bias to punish the partners irrespective of their actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Philippsen
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Laura Mieth
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Axel Buchner
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Raoul Bell
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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25
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Biesen L, Hartmann Y, Müller TJJ. Alkynylated and triazole-linked aroyl-S,N-ketene acetals: one-pot synthesis of solid-state emissive dyes with aggregation-induced enhanced emission characteristics. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14399. [PMID: 37658089 PMCID: PMC10474010 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41146-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alkynylated aroyl-S,N-ketene acetals are readily synthesized in mostly excellent yields by a Sonogashira reaction resulting in a substance library of more than 20 examples. Upon expansion of the reaction sequence by deprotection and concatenating of the copper-click reaction in a one-pot fashion, a library of 11 triazole-ligated aroyl-S,N-ketene acetals is readily accessible. All derivatives show pronounced solid-state emission and aggregation-induced emission properties depending on the nature of the alkynyl or the triazole substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Biesen
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yannic Hartmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas J J Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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26
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Fritz C, Zimmermann E. Temporal adaptation of sensory attenuation for self-touch. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:2333-2344. [PMID: 37606713 PMCID: PMC10471680 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06688-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The sensory consequences of our actions appear attenuated to us. This effect has been reported for external sensations that are evoked by auditory or visual events and for body-related sensations which are produced by self-touch. In the present study, we investigated the effects of prolonged exposure to a delay between an action and the generated sensation on sensory attenuation for self-touch. Previously, it has been shown that after being presented to a systematic exposure delay, artificially delayed touch can feel more intense and non-delayed touches can appear less intense. Here, we investigated the temporal spread of the temporal recalibration effect. Specifically, we wondered whether this temporal recalibration effect would affect only the delay that was used during exposure trials or if it would also modulate longer test delays. In the first two experiments, we tested three test delays (0, 100 and 400 ms) either in randomized or in blocked order. We found sensory attenuation in all three test intervals but no effect of the exposure delay. In Experiment 3, we replicated the experiment by Kilteni et al. (ELife 8:e42888, 2019. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.42888 ) and found evidence for temporal recalibration by exposure delay. Our data show that the temporal selectivity of sensory attenuation of self-touch depends on presenting a singular test delay only. Presenting multiple test delays leads to a temporally broad spread of sensory attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Fritz
- Institute for Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Eckart Zimmermann
- Institute for Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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27
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Winkler J, Piedade GS, Rubbert C, Hofmann BB, Kamp MA, Slotty PJ. Cerebral perfusion changes in acute subdural hematoma. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2023; 165:2381-2387. [PMID: 37460666 PMCID: PMC10477107 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-023-05703-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute subdural hematoma (aSDH) is one of the main causes of high mortality and morbidity in traumatic brain injury. Prognosis is poor due to the rapid volume shift and mass effect. Cerebral perfusion is likely affected in this condition. This study quantifies perfusion changes in aSDH using early ER polytrauma CT with perfusion imaging (CTP). METHODS Data of 54 patients with traumatic aSDH were retrospectively collected. Glasgow Coma scale (GCS), perfusion parameters, therapeutic decisions and imaging data including hematoma thickness, midline shift, and hematoma localization were analyzed. The cortical perfusion parameters of each hemisphere, the area anterior to the hematoma (AAH), area below the hematoma (ABH), area posterior to the hematoma (PAH), and corresponding mirrored contralateral regions were determined. RESULTS We found a significant difference in Tmax in affected and unaffected whole-hemisphere data (mean 4.0 s vs. 3.3 s, p < 0.05) and a significantly different mean for Tmax in ABH and for the corresponding mirrored area (mABH) (mean 3.8 s vs. 3.1 s, p < 0.05). No significant perfusion changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), and mean transit time (MTT) were found. CONCLUSION There was a significant elevation of time to maximum (Tmax) values in the underlying cortical area of aSDH. Possible pathophysiological explanations, the influence on immediate surgical decision-making and further therapeutic consequences have to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Winkler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - G S Piedade
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, University of Miami, 3100 SW 62nd Ave, Miami, FL, 33155, USA.
| | - C Rubbert
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - B B Hofmann
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M A Kamp
- Department of Neurosurgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - P J Slotty
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Abstract
Autism is a multifaced disorder comprising sensory abnormalities and a general inflexibility in the motor domain. The sensorimotor system is continuously challenged to answer whether motion-contingent errors result from own movements or whether they are due to external motion. Disturbances in this decision could lead to the perception of motion when there is none and to an inflexibility with regard to motor learning. Here, we test the hypothesis that altered processing of gaze-contingent sensations are responsible for both the motor inflexibility and the sensory overload in autism. We measured motor flexibility by testing how strong participants adapted in a classical saccade adaptation task. We asked healthy participants, scored for autistic traits, to make saccades to a target that was displaced either in inward or in outward direction during saccade execution. The amount of saccade adaptation, that requires to shift the internal target representation, varied with the autistic symptom severity. The higher participants scored for autistic traits, the less they adapted. In order to test for visual stability, we asked participants to localize the position of the saccade target after they completed their saccade. We found the often-reported saccade-induced mis-localization in low Autistic Quotient (AQ) participants. However, we also found mislocalization in high AQ participants despite the absence of saccade adaptation. Our data suggest that high autistic traits are associated with an oculomotor inflexibility that might produce altered processing of trans-saccadic vision which might increase the perceptual overstimulation that is experienced in autism spectrum disorders (ASD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Pomè
- Institute for Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Sandra Tyralla
- Institute for Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eckart Zimmermann
- Institute for Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Neveling S, Knippel AJ, Kozlowski P. Isolated non-immune hydrops fetalis: an observational study on complete spontaneous resolution, perinatal outcome, and long-term follow-up. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2023; 308:487-497. [PMID: 35994111 PMCID: PMC9395874 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-022-06731-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of our study was to investigate spontaneous resolution and postnatal outcome in non-immune hydrops fetalis (NIHF). We specifically studied NIHF cases that occurred without any other anomalies in the prenatal diagnostic workup, defined as isolated NIHF (iNIHF). METHODS To identify iNIHF we retrospectively classified prenatal findings of 700 NIHF singletons, diagnosed in our prenatal referral center between 1997 and 2016. We studied the occurrence of prenatal resolution in iNIHF and linked it to the perinatal outcome. We obtained long-term outcome by contacting the parents, children, and the pediatricians and listed all functional and structural anomalies and temporary logopedic, psychosocial and motoric impairments. RESULTS Among 70 iNIHF cases, 54 (77.1%) resolved completely prenatally. The baby-take-home rate was 98.1% in these cases. In contrast, the baby-take-home rate in the subgroup without complete resolution was 25.0%. We achieved pediatric long-term outcome in 27 of 57 survivors (47.4%) of iNIHF with a mean follow-up period of 10.9 years. Among these 27 children, fetal hydrops had completely resolved prenatally in 26 cases and had regressed to a mild effusion in one case. In the pediatric development, two children had significant functional impairment and two children showed recurrent skin edema. CONCLUSION Complete spontaneous resolution was the most common intrauterine course of iNIHF in our collective. Completely resolved iNIHF had a favorable perinatal outcome in our study. Our data on the long-term outcomes are consistent with the assumption of an increased rate of functional impairments. TRIAL REGISTRY Internal study number of Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf: 6177R. Date of registration: December 2017.
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Knecht S, Reiners H, Siebler M, Platz T, Flöel A, Busse R. [Slow demographic change and neurological rehabilitation-Part 2: what we can do]. Nervenarzt 2023; 94:718-724. [PMID: 36629886 PMCID: PMC9832254 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-022-01416-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In its current state the German healthcare system will not be able to adequately care for a growing proportion of older patients with a decreasing healthcare work force. This is particularly so in the postacute care of severely ill patients. In a second of two parts we discuss the perspectives and options at hand. A major conclusion is that substantial gains could be obtained by regulatory adjustments that better align acute care and rehabilitative measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Knecht
- Institut für Klinische Neurowissenschaften, AG Neurorehabilitation, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Deutschland.
| | - Harmut Reiners
- Referat Grundsatzfragen der Gesundheitspolitik, Ministerium für Arbeit, Soziales, Gesundheit und Familie (MAGS) Brandenburg, Potsdam, Deutschland
| | - Mario Siebler
- Fachklinik für Neurologie, Rhein/Ruhr, Essen, Deutschland
| | - Thomas Platz
- Institut für Neurorehabilitation und Evidenzbasierung, An-Institut der Universität Greifswald, BDH-Klinik Greifswald, Greifswald, Deutschland
- AG Neurorehabilitation, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - Agnes Flöel
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - Reinhard Busse
- Management im Gesundheitswesen, Fakultät Wirtschaft und Management, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland
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31
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Bayer M, Betka S, Herbelin B, Blanke O, Zimmermann E. The full-body illusion changes visual depth perception. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10569. [PMID: 37386091 PMCID: PMC10310716 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37715-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowing where objects are relative to us implies knowing where we are relative to the external world. Here, we investigated whether space perception can be influenced by an experimentally induced change in perceived self-location. To dissociate real and apparent body positions, we used the full-body illusion. In this illusion, participants see a distant avatar being stroked in virtual reality while their own physical back is simultaneously stroked. After experiencing the discrepancy between the seen and the felt location of the stroking, participants report a forward drift in self-location toward the avatar. We wondered whether this illusion-induced forward drift in self-location would affect where we perceive objects in depth. We applied a psychometric measurement in which participants compared the position of a probe against a reference sphere in a two-alternative forced choice task. We found a significant improvement in task performance for the right visual field, indicated by lower just-noticeable differences, i.e., participants were better at judging the differences of the two spheres in depth. Our results suggest that the full-body illusion is able to facilitate depth perception at least unilaterally, implying that depth perception is influenced by perceived self-location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Bayer
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Sophie Betka
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, NeuroX Institute & Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Herbelin
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, NeuroX Institute & Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olaf Blanke
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, NeuroX Institute & Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eckart Zimmermann
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Jühling M, König LM, Gruber H, Wolf V, Ritz-Timme S, Mayer F. Impact of (forensic) expert opinions according to the Istanbul Protocol in Germany-results and insights of the in:Fo-project. Int J Legal Med 2023; 137:863-873. [PMID: 36781444 PMCID: PMC10085958 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-023-02950-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
As part of a third-party funded project, expert opinions according to the Istanbul Protocol (IP) standards were compiled in Germany on a larger scale for the first time. The assessment process was initiated for 130 project participants. Statistical analysis on numerous variables was performed to test the impact of the expert opinions, foremost of the forensic medical expert opinions, on the individuals' asylum proceedings. The variables were drawn from forensic medical expert opinions and reports of findings, questionnaires for the study participants' counsellors in the project and a query on the asylum status of the study participants. Regression analysis and bivariate analysis on two dependent variables-subjective impact on the asylum procedure from the counsellors' point of view and objective change in the asylum status-were performed to test for an influence on asylum procedures. No statistically significant results were obtained for the objective change of the study participants' asylum status. For the subjective dependent variable, a positive prediction was possible when simultaneously controlling for the independent variables introduction of a forensic medical expert opinion and highest IP grade; a negative prediction was possible when simultaneously controlling for the independent variables introduction of a forensic medical expert opinion and use of IP grading. Apart from the statistical analysis, a positive effect of the assessment on the psychosocial well-being of the study participants could be demonstrated. The results differed from other European studies which demonstrated a correlation between the objective outcome of an asylum procedure (asylum status) and, for example, specific types of violence or the number of documented injuries. Differences also occurred in the use of the plausibility grades proposed by the IP, which questions their use in cases in which the reported torture happened a relevant time ago. Therefore, compiling individually worded evaluations instead of using the IP grading system-if possible, by an experienced forensic physician-is recommended in this scenario. Still, the assessment of alleged torture experiences should follow the IP guidelines, since psychological assessments are of especially high importance in cases with healed physical injuries and since the results also demonstrated a positive effect on the psychosocial well-being of the study participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jühling
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - L M König
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - H Gruber
- Department of Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Psychosocial Center for Refugees Düsseldorf e. V., Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - V Wolf
- Psychosocial Center for Refugees Düsseldorf e. V., Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - St Ritz-Timme
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - F Mayer
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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33
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Menne NM, Winter K, Bell R, Buchner A. Measuring lineup fairness from eyewitness identification data using a multinomial processing tree model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6290. [PMID: 37072473 PMCID: PMC10113212 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33101-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The mock-witness task is typically used to evaluate the fairness of lineups. However, the validity of this task has been questioned because there are substantial differences between the tasks for mock witnesses and eyewitnesses. Unlike eyewitnesses, mock witnesses must select a person from the lineup and are alerted to the fact that one lineup member might stand out from the others. It therefore seems desirable to base conclusions about lineup fairness directly on eyewitness data rather than on mock-witness data. To test the importance of direct measurements of biased suspect selection in eyewitness identification decisions, we assessed the fairness of lineups containing either morphed or non-morphed fillers using both mock witnesses and eyewitnesses. We used Tredoux's E and the proportion of suspect selections to measure lineup fairness from mock-witness choices and the two-high threshold eyewitness identification model to measure the biased selection of the suspects directly from eyewitness identification decisions. Results obtained in the mock-witness task and the model-based analysis of data obtained in the eyewitness task converged in showing that simultaneous lineups with morphed fillers were significantly more unfair than simultaneous lineups with non-morphed fillers. However, mock-witness and eyewitness data converged only when the eyewitness task mimicked the mock-witness task by including pre-lineup instructions that (1) discouraged eyewitnesses to reject the lineups and (2) alerted eyewitnesses that a photograph might stand out from the other photographs in the lineup. When a typical eyewitness task was created by removing these two features from the pre-lineup instructions, the morphed fillers no longer lead to unfair lineups. These findings highlight the differences in the cognitive processes of mock witnesses and eyewitnesses and they demonstrate the importance of measuring lineup fairness directly from eyewitness identification decisions rather than indirectly using the mock-witness task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Marie Menne
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Kristina Winter
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Raoul Bell
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Axel Buchner
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Beyer H, Herrberg N. The revelations of Q. Dissemination and resonance of the QAnon conspiracy theory among US Evangelical Christians and the role of the Covid-19 crisis. Z Relig Ges Polit 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37359501 PMCID: PMC9975869 DOI: 10.1007/s41682-023-00147-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies show that the QAnon conspiracy theory is especially popular among American evangelical Christians. The paper investigates the reasons behind this relationship. We hypothesize a mediation relationship between evangelical dogma and how it is practiced on the one hand and the susceptibility for conspiracy thinking on the other hand. We argue that evangelicalism due to its biblicism is characterized by the belief that its perception of reality holds absolute truth (nomization), that the world can be clearly divided into good and evil (Manichaeism), and that salvation can be achieved through political means (immanent eschatology). Those beliefs, in turn, in the uncertain times of the Covid crisis resonate with the cognitive (epistemic), the affective (moral), and conative (eschatological) elements of conspiracy theories. Using data of waves 46 (March 2019), 68 (April 2020), and 73 (September 2020) of the American Trends Panel, conducted by the PEW Research Center we show respective mediation effects: Evangelical Christians are particularly convinced that their religion alone holds absolute truth and that religion has not enough influence on politics. The latter also correlates with the conspiracy belief that "powerful people intentionally planned the Covid outbreak". QAnon support again is linked both to such Covid related conspiracy thinking and the three elements of nomization, Manichaeism, and immanent eschatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Beyer
- Institute for the Social Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Niklas Herrberg
- Institute for the Social Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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35
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Wiesing M, Zimmermann E. Serial dependencies between locomotion and visual space. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3302. [PMID: 36849556 PMCID: PMC9970965 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30265-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
How do we know the spatial distance of objects around us? Only by physical interaction within an environment can we measure true physical distances. Here, we investigated the possibility that travel distances, measured during walking, could be used to calibrate visual spatial perception. The sensorimotor contingencies that arise during walking were carefully altered using virtual reality and motion tracking. Participants were asked to walk to a briefly highlighted location. During walking, we systematically changed the optic flow, i.e., the ratio between the visual and physical motion speed. Although participants remained unaware of this manipulation, they walked a shorter or longer distance as a function of the optic flow speed. Following walking, participants were required to estimate the perceived distance of visual objects. We found that visual estimates were serially dependent on the experience of the manipulated flow in the previous trial. Additional experiments confirmed that to affect visual perception, both visual and physical motion are required. We conclude that the brain constantly uses movements to measure space for both, actions, and perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wiesing
- Institute for Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Eckart Zimmermann
- Institute for Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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36
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Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic led countries to place restrictions on the general public in order to protect their safety. These restrictions, however, may have negative psychological consequences as people are restricted in their social and leisure activities and facing daily life stressors. Investigating the relationship between how people are remembering pandemic events and thinking about their futures is important in order to begin to examine the psychological consequences - cognitive and emotional - of the Covid-19 pandemic. The present study examined how characteristics of past and future thinking relate to psychological wellbeing during the Covid-19 pandemic. In an online questionnaire study, 904 participants in Germany and the USA recalled and predicted negative and positive events related to the pandemic. Participants completed a series of questionnaires measuring cognitions and psychological symptoms. Participants' current psychological wellbeing related to how they remembered events and thought of their future. Participants reported a greater sense of reliving for past compared to future events. However, future events were more rehearsed than past events. Additionally, the emotional impact of positive and negative events differed for the past and the future. Participants seem to be strongly future oriented during the Covid-19 pandemic, but have a negative view of future events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A. Niziurski
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute for Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marie Luisa Schaper
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute for Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Klassen G, Tatusch M, Conrad S. Cluster-based stability evaluation in time series data sets. APPL INTELL 2022; 53:1-24. [PMID: 36531973 PMCID: PMC9746592 DOI: 10.1007/s10489-022-04231-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In modern data analysis, time is often considered just another feature. Yet time has a special role that is regularly overlooked. Procedures are usually only designed for time-independent data and are therefore often unsuitable for the temporal aspect of the data. This is especially the case for clustering algorithms. Although there are a few evolutionary approaches for time-dependent data, the evaluation of these and therefore the selection is difficult for the user. In this paper, we present a general evaluation measure that examines clusterings with respect to their temporal stability and thus provides information about the achieved quality. For this purpose, we examine the temporal stability of time series with respect to their cluster neighbors, the temporal stability of clusters with respect to their composition, and finally conclude on the temporal stability of the entire clustering. We summarise these components in a parameter-free toolkit that we call Cluster Over-Time Stability Evaluation (CLOSE). In addition to that we present a fuzzy variant which we call FCSETS (Fuzzy Clustering Stability Evaluation of Time Series). These toolkits enable a number of advanced applications. One of these is parameter selection for any type of clustering algorithm. We demonstrate parameter selection as an example and evaluate results of classical clustering algorithms against a well-known evolutionary clustering algorithm. We then introduce a method for outlier detection in time series data based on CLOSE. We demonstrate the practicality of our approaches on three real world data sets and one generated data set.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martha Tatusch
- Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Conrad
- Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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38
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Usadel B. Solanaceae pangenomes are coming of graphical age to bring heritability back. aBIOTECH 2022; 3:233-236. [PMID: 36533266 PMCID: PMC9755766 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-022-00087-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Two recent articles describe a pangenome of potato and a graph-based pangenome for tomato, respectively. The latter improves our understanding of the tomato genomics architecture even further and the use of this graph-based pangenome versus a single reference dramatically improves heritability in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Usadel
- Institute for Biological Data Science, CEPLAS, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- IBG-4 Bioinformatics, BioSC, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
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39
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Barthels F, Bamberg L, Pietrowsky R. No elevated levels of orthorexic eating behavior in a sample of adults with allergies and food intolerances. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:3781-3785. [PMID: 36271268 PMCID: PMC9803725 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01498-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare orthorexic eating behavior in a sample of adults with and without self-reported allergies and food intolerances. METHODS N = 52 individuals with and n = 102 individuals without self-reported allergies and food intolerances (80% with medical diagnosis; in total 74.6% female, 23.7% male; age: M = 28.13, SD = 11.96 years) completed an online survey with the Düsseldorf Orthorexia Scale and answered several questions regarding their allergies/intolerances. RESULTS The groups did not differ in their orthorexic eating behavior. In the sample of individuals with allergies/intolerances, orthorexic eating behavior correlated with the perceived severity of the allergic symptoms and the number of consequences that the allergies had for eating behavior. CONCLUSIONS In line with previous findings, orthorexic eating behavior does not seem to be elevated in individuals with allergies/intolerances. However, focusing on a healthy diet despite adverse food reactions and experiencing a number of allergy-related consequences for one's eating behavior might be associated with orthorexic eating behavior. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III, case-control analytic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Barthels
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Leonie Bamberg
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Reinhard Pietrowsky
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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40
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Weisweiler M, Arlt C, Wu PY, Van Inghelandt D, Hartwig T, Stich B. Structural variants in the barley gene pool: precision and sensitivity to detect them using short-read sequencing and their association with gene expression and phenotypic variation. Theor Appl Genet 2022; 135:3511-3529. [PMID: 36029318 PMCID: PMC9519679 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Structural variants (SV) of 23 barley inbreds, detected by the best combination of SV callers based on short-read sequencing, were associated with genome-wide and gene-specific gene expression and, thus, were evaluated to predict agronomic traits. In human genetics, several studies have shown that phenotypic variation is more likely to be caused by structural variants (SV) than by single nucleotide variants. However, accurate while cost-efficient discovery of SV in complex genomes remains challenging. The objectives of our study were to (i) facilitate SV discovery studies by benchmarking SV callers and their combinations with respect to their sensitivity and precision to detect SV in the barley genome, (ii) characterize the occurrence and distribution of SV clusters in the genomes of 23 barley inbreds that are the parents of a unique resource for mapping quantitative traits, the double round robin population, (iii) quantify the association of SV clusters with transcript abundance, and (iv) evaluate the use of SV clusters for the prediction of phenotypic traits. In our computer simulations based on a sequencing coverage of 25x, a sensitivity > 70% and precision > 95% was observed for all combinations of SV types and SV length categories if the best combination of SV callers was used. We observed a significant (P < 0.05) association of gene-associated SV clusters with global gene-specific gene expression. Furthermore, about 9% of all SV clusters that were within 5 kb of a gene were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with the gene expression of the corresponding gene. The prediction ability of SV clusters was higher compared to that of single-nucleotide polymorphisms from an array across the seven studied phenotypic traits. These findings suggest the usefulness of exploiting SV information when fine mapping and cloning the causal genes underlying quantitative traits as well as the high potential of using SV clusters for the prediction of phenotypes in diverse germplasm sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Weisweiler
- Institute for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christopher Arlt
- Institute for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Po-Ya Wu
- Institute for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Delphine Van Inghelandt
- Institute for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Hartwig
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Benjamin Stich
- Institute for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, From Complex Traits towards Synthetic Modules, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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41
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Schaper ML, Bayen UJ, Hey CV. Remedying the Metamemory Expectancy Illusion in Source Monitoring: Are there Effects on Restudy Choices and Source Memory? Metacogn Learn 2022; 18:55-80. [PMID: 35968027 PMCID: PMC9364291 DOI: 10.1007/s11409-022-09312-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Metamemory monitoring, study behavior, and memory are presumably causally connected. When people misjudge their memory, their study behavior should be biased accordingly. Remedying metamemory illusions should debias study behavior and improve memory. One metamemory illusion concerns source memory, a critical aspect of episodic memory. People predict better source memory for items that originated from an expected source (e.g., toothbrush in a bathroom) rather than an unexpected source (e.g., shampoo in a kitchen), whereas actual source memory shows the opposite: an inconsistency effect. This expectancy illusion biases restudy choices: Participants restudy more unexpected than expected source-item pairs. The authors tested the causal relationships between metamemory and source memory with a delay and a source-retrieval attempt between study and metamemory judgment to remedy the expectancy illusion and debias restudy choices. Debiased restudy choices should enhance source memory for expected items, thereby reducing the inconsistency effect. Two groups studied expected and unexpected source-item pairs. They made metamemory judgments and restudy choices immediately at study or after delay, restudied the selected pairs, and completed a source-monitoring test. After immediate judgments, participants predicted better source memory for expected pairs and selected more unexpected pairs for restudy. After delayed judgments, participants predicted a null effect of expectancy on source memory and selected equal numbers of expected and unexpected pairs. Thus, the expectancy illusion was partially remedied and restudy choices were debiased. Nevertheless, source memory was only weakly affected. The results challenge the presumed causal relationships between metamemory monitoring, study behavior, and source memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Luisa Schaper
- Institute for Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ute J. Bayen
- Institute for Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carolin V. Hey
- Institute for Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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42
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Mai L, Köchling A, Wehner MC. “This Student Needs to Stay Back”: To What Degree Would Instructors Rely on the Recommendation of Learning Analytics? SN COMPUT SCI 2022; 3:259. [PMID: 35531570 PMCID: PMC9053119 DOI: 10.1007/s42979-022-01137-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Learning analytics (LA) systems are becoming a new source of advice for instructors. Using LA provides new insights into learning behaviours and occurring problems about learners. Educational platforms collect a wide range of data while learners use them, for example, time spent on the platform, passed exams, and completed tasks and provide recommendations in terms of predicted learning success based on LA. In turn, LA might increase efficiency and objectivity in the grading process. In this paper, we examine how instructors react to the platform’s automatic recommendations and to which extent they consider them when judging learners. Drawing on an adaptive choice-based experimental research design and a sample of 372 instructors, we analyze whether and to what degree instructors are influenced by the provided data and recommendations of an unknown LA system. In a follow-up study with 95 teachers, we describe the differences in the use of data between learners and the influence of early warning systems. All in all, we show the influence of automatic evaluation on teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Mai
- Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alina Köchling
- Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marius Claus Wehner
- Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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43
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Abstract
After more than 6 million deaths worldwide, the ongoing vaccination to conquer the COVID-19 disease is now competing with the emergence of increasingly contagious mutations, repeatedly supplanting earlier strains. Following the near-absence of historical examples of the long-time evolution of infectious diseases under similar circumstances, models are crucial to exemplify possible scenarios. Accordingly, in the present work we systematically generalize the popular susceptible-infected-recovered model to account for mutations leading to repeatedly occurring new strains, which we coarse grain based on tools from statistical mechanics to derive a model predicting the most likely outcomes. The model predicts that mutations can induce a super-exponential growth of infection numbers at early times, which self-amplify to giant infection waves which are caused by a positive feedback loop between infection numbers and mutations and lead to a simultaneous infection of the majority of the population. At later stages-if vaccination progresses too slowly-mutations can interrupt an ongoing decrease of infection numbers and can cause infection revivals which occur as single waves or even as whole wave trains featuring alternative periods of decreasing and increasing infection numbers. This panorama of possible mutation-induced scenarios should be tested in more detailed models to explore their concrete significance for specific infectious diseases. Further, our results might be useful for discussions regarding the importance of a release of vaccine-patents to reduce the risk of mutation-induced infection revivals but also to coordinate the release of measures following a downwards trend of infection numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Jan Schwarzendahl
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Jens Grauer
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Benno Liebchen
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Hartmut Löwen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Van Vu T, Das S, Hensel G, Kim JY. Genome editing and beyond: what does it mean for the future of plant breeding? Planta 2022; 255:130. [PMID: 35587292 PMCID: PMC9120101 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03906-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Genome editing offers revolutionized solutions for plant breeding to sustain food production to feed the world by 2050. Therefore, genome-edited products are increasingly recognized via more relaxed legislation and community adoption. The world population and food production are disproportionally growing in a manner that would have never matched each other under the current agricultural practices. The emerging crisis is more evident with the subtle changes in climate and the running-off of natural genetic resources that could be easily used in breeding in conventional ways. Under these circumstances, affordable CRISPR-Cas-based gene-editing technologies have brought hope and charged the old plant breeding machine with the most energetic and powerful fuel to address the challenges involved in feeding the world. What makes CRISPR-Cas the most powerful gene-editing technology? What are the differences between it and the other genetic engineering/breeding techniques? Would its products be labeled as "conventional" or "GMO"? There are so many questions to be answered, or that cannot be answered within the limitations of our current understanding. Therefore, we would like to discuss and answer some of the mentioned questions regarding recent progress in technology development. We hope this review will offer another view on the role of CRISPR-Cas technology in future of plant breeding for food production and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien Van Vu
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agricultural Genetics Institute, km 02, Pham Van Dong Road, Co Nhue 1, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, 11917, Vietnam
| | - Swati Das
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Goetz Hensel
- Centre for Plant Genome Engineering, Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Jae-Yean Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
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Bücher A, Rosenstock A. Micro-level prediction of outstanding claim counts based on novel mixture models and neural networks. Eur Actuar J 2022; 13:55-90. [PMID: 35582301 PMCID: PMC9098157 DOI: 10.1007/s13385-022-00314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Predicting the number of outstanding claims (IBNR) is a central problem in actuarial loss reserving. Classical approaches like the Chain Ladder method rely on aggregating the available data in form of loss triangles, thereby wasting potentially useful additional claims information. A new approach based on a micro-level model for reporting delays involving neural networks is proposed. It is shown by extensive simulation experiments and an application to a large-scale real data set involving motor legal insurance claims that the new approach provides more accurate predictions in case of non-homogeneous portfolios. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13385-022-00314-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Bücher
- Mathematisches Institut, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Rosenstock
- Mathematisches Institut, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- ARAG SE, ARAG-Platz 1, 40472 Düsseldorf, Germany
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46
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Dintsios CM, Chernyak N. How Far is Germany From Value-Based Pricing 10 Years After the Introduction of AMNOG? Appl Health Econ Health Policy 2022; 20:287-290. [PMID: 34964091 PMCID: PMC9021141 DOI: 10.1007/s40258-021-00712-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charalabos-Markos Dintsios
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Building 17.11, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nadja Chernyak
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Building 17.11, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Lünich M, Kieslich K. Exploring the roles of trust and social group preference on the legitimacy of algorithmic decision-making vs. human decision-making for allocating COVID-19 vaccinations. AI Soc 2022; 39:1-19. [PMID: 35469142 PMCID: PMC9022054 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-022-01412-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In combating the ongoing global health threat of the COVID-19 pandemic, decision-makers have to take actions based on a multitude of relevant health data with severe potential consequences for the affected patients. Because of their presumed advantages in handling and analyzing vast amounts of data, computer systems of algorithmic decision-making (ADM) are implemented and substitute humans in decision-making processes. In this study, we focus on a specific application of ADM in contrast to human decision-making (HDM), namely the allocation of COVID-19 vaccines to the public. In particular, we elaborate on the role of trust and social group preference on the legitimacy of vaccine allocation. We conducted a survey with a 2 × 2 randomized factorial design among n = 1602 German respondents, in which we utilized distinct decision-making agents (HDM vs. ADM) and prioritization of a specific social group (teachers vs. prisoners) as design factors. Our findings show that general trust in ADM systems and preference for vaccination of a specific social group influence the legitimacy of vaccine allocation. However, contrary to our expectations, trust in the agent making the decision did not moderate the link between social group preference and legitimacy. Moreover, the effect was also not moderated by the type of decision-maker (human vs. algorithm). We conclude that trustworthy ADM systems must not necessarily lead to the legitimacy of ADM systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Lünich
- Department of Social Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kimon Kieslich
- Department of Social Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Krieg S, Roderburg C, Fung S, Luedde T, Knoefel WT, Krieg A. Nuclear survivin is a prognosticator in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: a meta-analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:2235-2246. [PMID: 35428913 PMCID: PMC9349075 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neosplasms (GEP-NEN) are biologically heterogenous tumors with an increasing incidence over the past decades. Although efforts have been made in the treatment of these tumors, survival rates in metastasized tumor stages remain frustrating. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify novel targets as alternative treatment options. In this regard, the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family member survivin could be such an attractive target. Therefore, aim of our meta-analysis was to assess the role of survivin as a biomarker and predictor in GEP-NEN.
Methods
Medline, Web of Science and Scopus were screened for studies that fulfilled our selection criteria. Quality assessement of the studies was based on design, methodology, generalizability and results analysis. Meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model and effect size measures were expressed as pooled Hazard Ratio (HR) or Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI).
Results
Six eligible studies with 649 patients (range 77–132) assessed survivin expression in GEP-NEN by immunohistochemistry. High expression levels of nuclear survivin in GEP-NEN correlated with a shorter overall survival (HR 3.10; 95% CI 2.15–4.47; p < 0.0001). In contrast to cytoplasmic survivin (OR 1.24; CI 0.59–2.57; p = 0.57), nuclear survivin was also associated (OR 15.23; CI 3.61–64.23; p = 0.0002) with G3/poorly differentiated GEP-NEN.
Conclusion
Nuclear Survivin is highly expressed in more aggressive G3 GEP-NEN and correlates with a poor outcome. Survivin is therefore an interesting molecule for a targeted therapy, especially for patients with highly proliferative G3 GEP-NENs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Krieg
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Roderburg
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephen Fung
- Department of Surgery (A), Heinrich-Heine-University and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, Bldg. 12.46, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Tom Luedde
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfram Trudo Knoefel
- Department of Surgery (A), Heinrich-Heine-University and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, Bldg. 12.46, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Krieg
- Department of Surgery (A), Heinrich-Heine-University and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, Bldg. 12.46, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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Nadeborn D, Dittrich T. [Cybersecurity in hospitals-Part 1: IT compliance as a management task]. Int Cybersecur Law Rev 2022; 3:147-161. [PMID: 37521511 PMCID: PMC9005917 DOI: 10.1365/s43439-022-00049-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The threat of cyber attacks is a burning issue in all industries. In the case of hospitals, a cyber incident can not only lead to the loss of patient data but can also put patients' lives in danger. Hospitals are therefore obliged by a large number of laws to maintain sufficient protective measures. Monitoring compliance with these regulations is the responsibility of hospital managers. This is an important compliance task. Cyber insurance can be part of the solution. Particular caution is required when paying ransoms in the event of ransomware attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Nadeborn
- Tsambikakis & Partner Rechtsanwälte mbB, Schlüterstr. 39, 10629 Berlin, Deutschland
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Abstract
Background After the surge of burst stimulation, different waveforms were developed to optimize results in spinal cord stimulation. Studies have shown higher responder rates for multiwave therapy, but since the launch of such multiwave systems, little is known about the patients’ preference regarding waveforms in the long-term follow-up. No study connected particular waveforms to specific pain etiologies or required stimulation parameters so far. Method Thirty-four patients with refractory chronic neuropathic pain were treated with spinal cord stimulation systems providing multiwave therapy between September 2018 and October 2019. Patients with a follow-up of at least 6 months were selected; 10 subjects were excluded due to revision surgery, infection, and loss to follow-up. Data regarding pain intensity and preferred waveform for the trial, the implantation, 3-month and 6-month follow-up were recorded. Results During the trial phase, 10 patients (43.5%) achieved significant pain relief using tonic stimulation, 5 using burst (21.7%), 3 using microburst (13.0%), and 4 using a combination of tonic and microburst (17.4%). One single patient preferred Contour stimulation during the trial. After 3 months, 6 patients preferred microburst (25%), 6 preferred tonic (25%), 5 used a combination of tonic and microburst (20.8%), and 5 patients used burst (20.8%). After 6 months, similar results were obtained. Contour and Whisper were used in complex cases failing to other waveforms. Conclusions Tonic stimulation, isolated or in combination, remains an important component in spinal cord stimulation, being used by almost half of the patients. Over time, the usage of microburst increased considerably. Whisper and Contour, although battery-consuming, are good salvage options in complex cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piedade G S
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Gillner S
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery and Stereotaxy, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Slotty P J
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery and Stereotaxy, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vesper J
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery and Stereotaxy, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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