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Kamaraj R, Ghosh S, Das S, Sen S, Kumar P, Majumdar M, Dasgupta R, Mukherjee S, Das S, Ghose I, Pavek P, Raja Karuppiah MP, Chuturgoon AA, Anand K. Targeted Protein Degradation (TPD) for Immunotherapy: Understanding Proteolysis Targeting Chimera-Driven Ubiquitin-Proteasome Interactions. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:1089-1115. [PMID: 38990186 PMCID: PMC11342303 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Targeted protein degradation or TPD, is rapidly emerging as a treatment that utilizes small molecules to degrade proteins that cause diseases. TPD allows for the selective removal of disease-causing proteins, including proteasome-mediated degradation, lysosome-mediated degradation, and autophagy-mediated degradation. This approach has shown great promise in preclinical studies and is now being translated to treat numerous diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, infectious diseases, and cancer. This review discusses the latest advances in TPD and its potential as a new chemical modality for immunotherapy, with a special focus on the innovative applications and cutting-edge research of PROTACs (Proteolysis TArgeting Chimeras) and their efficient translation from scientific discovery to technological achievements. Our review also addresses the significant obstacles and potential prospects in this domain, while also offering insights into the future of TPD for immunotherapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajamanikkam Kamaraj
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Subhrojyoti Ghosh
- Department
of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology
Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Souvadra Das
- Department
of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of
Technology, Kolkata 700107, India
| | - Shinjini Sen
- Department
of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of
Technology, Kolkata 700107, India
| | - Priyanka Kumar
- Department
of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of
Technology, Kolkata 700107, India
| | - Madhurima Majumdar
- Department
of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of
Technology, Kolkata 700107, India
| | - Renesa Dasgupta
- Department
of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of
Technology, Kolkata 700107, India
| | - Sampurna Mukherjee
- Department
of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of
Technology, Kolkata 700107, India
| | - Shrimanti Das
- Department
of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of
Technology, Kolkata 700107, India
| | - Indrilla Ghose
- Department
of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of
Technology, Kolkata 700107, India
| | - Petr Pavek
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Muruga Poopathi Raja Karuppiah
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kasaragod District, Kerala 671320, India
| | - Anil A. Chuturgoon
- Discipline
of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical
Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Krishnan Anand
- Department
of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State 9300, South Africa
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Landwehr LS, Altieri B, Sbiera I, Remde H, Kircher S, Olabe J, Sbiera S, Kroiss M, Fassnacht M. Expression and Prognostic Relevance of PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 Immune Checkpoints in Adrenocortical Carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:2325-2334. [PMID: 38415841 PMCID: PMC11319003 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with poor prognosis in advanced stages. While therapies targeting the checkpoint molecules programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), its ligand PD-L1, and the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) have revolutionized treatment in many cancers, the results in ACCs were heterogeneous. OBJECTIVE Their expression in ACC has not been systematically studied and might explain the variable response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. METHODS The expression of PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 was examined in 162 tumor samples from 122 patients with ACC by immunohistochemistry (threshold of >1%) and correlated with tumoral T lymphocyte infiltration and clinical endpoints. Finally, univariate and multivariate analyses of progression-free and overall survival were performed. RESULTS PD-1 and PD-L1 were expressed in 26.5% and 24.7% of samples, respectively, with low expression in most tumor samples (median positive cells: 2.1% and 21.7%). In contrast, CTLA-4 expression was observed in 52.5% of ACC with a median of 38.4% positive cells. Positive PD-1 expression was associated with longer progression-free survival (HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.25-0.98, P = .04) even after considering prognostic factors. In contrast, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 did not correlate with clinical outcome. Additionally, PD-1 and PD-L1 expression correlated significantly with the amount of CD3+, CD4+, FoxP3+, and CD8+ T cells. CONCLUSION The heterogeneous expression of PD1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 in this large series of well-annotated ACC samples might explain the heterogeneous results of the immunotherapies in advanced ACC. In addition, PD-1 expression is a strong prognostic biomarker that can easily be applied in routine clinical care and histopathological assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura-Sophie Landwehr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Altieri
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Iuliu Sbiera
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Remde
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kircher
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julie Olabe
- Institute GReD (Genetics, Reproduction and Development), University Clermont Auvergne, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Silviu Sbiera
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kroiss
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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Niebora J, Woźniak S, Domagała D, Data K, Farzaneh M, Zehtabi M, Dari MAG, Pour FK, Bryja A, Kulus M, Mozdziak P, Dzięgiel P, Kempisty B. The role of ncRNAs and exosomes in the development and progression of endometrial cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1418005. [PMID: 39188680 PMCID: PMC11345653 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1418005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common gynecologic cancers. In recent years, research has focused on the genetic characteristics of the tumors to detail their prognosis and tailor therapy. In the case of EC, genetic mutations have been shown to underlie their formation. It is very important to know the mechanisms of EC formation related to mutations induced by estrogen, among other things. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), composed of nucleotide transcripts with very low protein-coding capacity, are proving to be important. Their expression patterns in many malignancies can inhibit tumor formation and progression. They also regulate protein coding at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and posttranscriptional levels. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), several varieties of which are associated with normal endometrium as well as its tumor, also play a particularly important role in gene expression. MiRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) affect many pathways in EC tissues and play important roles in cancer development, invasion, and metastasis, as well as resistance to anticancer drugs through mechanisms such as suppression of apoptosis and progression of cancer stem cells. It is also worth noting that miRNAs are highly precise, sensitive, and robust, making them potential markers for diagnosing gynecologic cancers and their progression. Unfortunately, as the incidence of EC increases, treatment becomes challenging and is limited to invasive tools. The prospect of using microRNAs as potential candidates for diagnostic and therapeutic use in EC seems promising. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that are released from many types of cells, including cancer cells. They contain proteins, DNA, and various types of RNA, such as miRNAs. The noncoding RNA components of exosomes vary widely, depending on the physiology of the tumor tissue and the cells from which they originate. Exosomes contain both DNA and RNA and have communication functions between cells. Exosomal miRNAs mediate communication between EC cells, tumor-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and play a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor microenvironment formation. Oncogenes carried by tumor exosomes induce malignant transformation of target cells. During the synthesis of exosomes, various factors, such as genetic and proteomic data are upregulated. Thus, they are considered an interesting therapeutic target for the diagnosis and prognosis of endometrial cancer by analyzing biomarkers contained in exosomes. Expression of miRNAs, particularly miR-15a-5p, was elevated in exosomes derived from the plasma of EC patients. This may suggest the important utility of this biomarker in the diagnosis of EC. In recent years, researchers have become interested in the topic of prognostic markers for EC, as there are still too few identified markers to support the limited treatment of endometrial cancer. Further research into the effects of ncRNAs and exosomes on EC may allow for cancer treatment breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Niebora
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Woźniak
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dominika Domagała
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Data
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Zehtabi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahrokh Abouali Gale Dari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khojasteh Pour
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Artur Bryja
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Physiology Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
- Physiology Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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Shen S, Hong Y, Huang J, Qu X, Sooranna SR, Lu S, Li T, Niu B. Targeting PD-1/PD-L1 in tumor immunotherapy: Mechanisms and interactions with host growth regulatory pathways. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024:S1359-6101(24)00059-5. [PMID: 39179486 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2024.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy has garnered considerable attention, emerging as a new standard of care in cancer treatment. The conventional targets, such as VEGF and EGFR, have been extended to others including BRAF and PD-1/PD-L1, which have shown significant potential in recent cancer treatments. This review aims to succinctly overview the impact and mechanisms of therapies that modulate PD-1/PD-L1 expression by targeting VEGF, EGFR, LAG-3, CTLA-4 and BRAF. We investigated how modulation of PD-1/PD-L1 expression impacts growth factor signaling, shedding light on the interplay between immunomodulatory pathways and growth factor networks within the tumor microenvironment. By elucidating these interactions, we aim to provide insights into novel potential synergistic therapeutic strategies for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyu Shen
- School of life Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, China
| | - Yihan Hong
- School of life Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, China
| | - Jiajun Huang
- School of life Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, China
| | - Xiaosheng Qu
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, China
| | - Suren Rao Sooranna
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, 369 Fulham Road, London SW10 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Sheng Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Rd, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Bing Niu
- School of life Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, China.
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5
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Ortega MA, Boaru DL, De Leon-Oliva D, Fraile-Martinez O, García-Montero C, Rios L, Garrido-Gil MJ, Barrena-Blázquez S, Minaya-Bravo AM, Rios-Parra A, Álvarez-Mon M, Jiménez-Álvarez L, López-González L, Guijarro LG, Diaz R, Saez MA. PD-1/PD-L1 axis: implications in immune regulation, cancer progression, and translational applications. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:987-1000. [PMID: 38935130 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02463-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The PD-1/PD-L1 axis is a complex signaling pathway that has an important role in the immune system cells. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) acts as an immune checkpoint on the T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, natural killer (NK), macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), monocytes, and myeloid cells. Its ligand, the programmed cell death 1 ligand (PD-L1), is expressed in the surface of the antigen-presenting cells (APCs). The binding of both promotes the downregulation of the T cell response to ensure the activation to prevent the onset of chronic immune inflammation. This axis in the tumor microenvironment (TME) performs a crucial role in the tumor progression and the escape of the tumor by neutralizing the immune system, the engagement of PD-L1 with PD-1 in the T cell causes dysfunctions, neutralization, and exhaustion, providing the tumor mass production. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of the functions of the PD-1/PD-L1 system in immune function, cancer, and the potential therapeutic implications of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway for cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain.
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain.
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Principe de, Asturias University Hospital, Alcala de Henares, Spain.
| | - Diego Liviu Boaru
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Diego De Leon-Oliva
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Rios
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Maria J Garrido-Gil
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Silvestra Barrena-Blázquez
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Ana M Minaya-Bravo
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Rios-Parra
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Principe de, Asturias University Hospital, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology Service, University Hospital Principe de Asturias, CIBEREHD, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Laura Jiménez-Álvarez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Laura López-González
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Luis G Guijarro
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul Diaz
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain.
- Surgery Service, University Hospital Principe de Asturias, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Saez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Pathological Anatomy Service, Central University Hospital of Defence-University of Alcalá (UAH) Madrid, Alcala de Henares, Spain
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Liang L, Yang Y, Deng K, Wu Y, Li Y, Bai L, Wang Y, Lu C. Type I Interferon Activates PD-1 Expression through Activation of the STAT1-IRF2 Pathway in Myeloid Cells. Cells 2024; 13:1163. [PMID: 38995014 PMCID: PMC11240780 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
PD-1 (Programmed cell death protein 1) regulates the metabolic reprogramming of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and myeloid cell differentiation, as well as the type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling pathway in myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment. PD-1, therefore, is a key inhibitory receptor in myeloid cells. However, the regulation of PD-1 expression in myeloid cells is unknown. We report that the expression level of PDCD1, the gene that encodes the PD-1 protein, is positively correlated with the levels of IFNB1 and IFNAR1 in myeloid cells in human colorectal cancer. Treatment of mouse myeloid cell lines with recombinant IFNβ protein elevated PD-1 expression in myeloid cells in vitro. Knocking out IFNAR1, the gene that encodes the IFN-I-specific receptor, diminished the inductive effect of IFNβ on PD-1 expression in myeloid cells in vitro. Treatment of tumor-bearing mice with a lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated IFNβ-encoding plasmid (IFNBCOL01) increased IFNβ expression, resulting in elevated PD-1 expression in tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells. At the molecular level, we determined that IFNβ activates STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1) and IRFs (interferon regulatory factors) in myeloid cells. Analysis of the cd279 promoter identified IRF2-binding consensus sequence elements. ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation) analysis determined that the pSTAT1 directly binds to the irf2 promoter and that IRF2 directly binds to the cd279 promoter in myeloid cells in vitro and in vivo. In colon cancer patients, the expression levels of STAT1, IRF2 and PDCD1 are positively correlated in tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells. Our findings determine that IFNβ activates PD-1 expression at least in part by an autocrine mechanism via the stimulation of the pSTAT1-IRF2 axis in myeloid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (K.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yingcui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (K.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Kaidi Deng
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (K.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanmin Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (K.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (K.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Liya Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (L.B.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yinsong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (L.B.); (Y.W.)
| | - Chunwan Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (K.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
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7
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Ramapriyan R, Vykunta VS, Vandecandelaere G, Richardson LGK, Sun J, Curry WT, Choi BD. Altered cancer metabolism and implications for next-generation CAR T-cell therapies. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 259:108667. [PMID: 38763321 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
This review critically examines the evolving landscape of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in treating solid tumors, with a particular focus on the metabolic challenges within the tumor microenvironment. CAR T-cell therapy has demonstrated remarkable success in hematologic malignancies, yet its efficacy in solid tumors remains limited. A significant barrier is the hostile milieu of the tumor microenvironment, which impairs CAR T-cell survival and function. This review delves into the metabolic adaptations of cancer cells and their impact on immune cells, highlighting the competition for nutrients and the accumulation of immunosuppressive metabolites. It also explores emerging strategies to enhance CAR T-cell metabolic fitness and persistence, including genetic engineering and metabolic reprogramming. An integrated approach, combining metabolic interventions with CAR T-cell therapy, has the potential to overcome these constraints and improve therapeutic outcomes in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishab Ramapriyan
- Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Vivasvan S Vykunta
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; ImmunoX Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Gust Vandecandelaere
- Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Leland G K Richardson
- Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jing Sun
- Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - William T Curry
- Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Bryan D Choi
- Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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8
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Telarovic I, Yong CSM, Kurz L, Vetrugno I, Reichl S, Fernandez AS, Cheng HW, Winkler R, Guckenberger M, Kipar A, Ludewig B, Pruschy M. Delayed tumor-draining lymph node irradiation preserves the efficacy of combined radiotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade in models of metastatic disease. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5500. [PMID: 38951172 PMCID: PMC11217506 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49873-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors motivated investigations into leveraging the immunostimulatory properties of radiotherapy to overcome immune evasion and to improve treatment response. However, clinical benefits of radiotherapy-immunotherapy combinations have been modest. Routine concomitant tumor-draining lymph node irradiation (DLN IR) might be the culprit. As crucial sites for generating anti-tumor immunity, DLNs are indispensable for the in situ vaccination effect of radiotherapy. Simultaneously, DLN sparing is often not feasible due to metastatic spread. Using murine models of metastatic disease in female mice, here we demonstrate that delayed (adjuvant), but not neoadjuvant, DLN IR overcomes the detrimental effect of concomitant DLN IR on the efficacy of radio-immunotherapy. Moreover, we identify IR-induced disruption of the CCR7-CCL19/CCL21 homing axis as a key mechanism for the detrimental effect of DLN IR. Our study proposes delayed DLN IR as a strategy to maximize the efficacy of radio-immunotherapy across different tumor types and disease stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Telarovic
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carmen S M Yong
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Kurz
- Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Irene Vetrugno
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Reichl
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alba Sanchez Fernandez
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hung-Wei Cheng
- Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Rona Winkler
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Guckenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anja Kipar
- Laboratory for Animal Model Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Burkhard Ludewig
- Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Martin Pruschy
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Wei X, Xu C, Cheng P, Hu Y, Liu J, Xu M, Huang J, Zhang Y, Pu K. Leveraging Long-Distance Singlet-Oxygen Transfer for Bienzyme-Locked Afterglow Imaging of Intratumoral Granule Enzymes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:17393-17403. [PMID: 38860693 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Dual-locked activatable optical probes, leveraging the orthogonal effects of two biomarkers, hold great promise for the specific imaging of biological processes. However, their design approaches are limited to a short-distance energy or charge transfer mechanism, while the signal readout relies on fluorescence, which inevitably suffers from tissue autofluorescence. Herein, we report a long-distance singlet oxygen transfer approach to develop a bienzyme-locked activatable afterglow probe (BAAP) that emits long-lasting self-luminescence without real-time light excitation for the dynamic imaging of an intratumoral granule enzyme. Composed of an immuno-biomarker-activatable singlet oxygen (1O2) donor and a cancer-biomarker-activatable 1O2 acceptor, BAAP is initially nonafterglow. Only in the presence of both immune and cancer biomarkers can 1O2 be generated by the activated donor and subsequently diffuse toward the activated acceptor, resulting in bright near-infrared afterglow with a high signal-to-background ratio and specificity toward an intratumoral granule enzyme. Thus, BAAP allows for real-time tracking of tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes, enabling the evaluation of cancer immunotherapy and the differentiation of tumor from local inflammation with superb sensitivity and specificity, which are unachievable by single-locked probes. Thus, this study not only presents the first dual-locked afterglow probe but also proposes a new design way toward dual-locked probes via reactive oxygen species transfer processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wei
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Cheng Xu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Penghui Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Yuxuan Hu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Mengke Xu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Jingsheng Huang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Centre for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore
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10
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Orlicky DJ, Smith EE, Johnson J, Hilton AE, Guess MK, Rascoff LG, Arruda JS, Hutchinson-Colas JA, Yang I, Connell KA. Inflammatory Cells in Control and Prolapsed Uterosacral Ligament Tissue. Reprod Sci 2024:10.1007/s43032-024-01618-4. [PMID: 38907126 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01618-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP), a downward descent of the vagina and/or uterus through the vaginal canal, is a prevalent condition affecting up to 40% of women. Several risk factors of POP have been identified, including childbirth, connective tissue defects, and chronic intra-abdominal pressure; however, the underlying etiologies of POP development are not fully understood, leading to a high burden on patients and the healthcare systems. The uterosacral ligaments are key support structures of the uterus and upper vagina. Our previous work describes observed histopathological changes in uterosacral ligament (USL) tissue and demonstrates the presence of neutrophils in a subgroup of POP individuals. This presence of neutrophils prompted an examination for the presence of a broader spectrum of inflammatory cell types in the USL. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to identify neutrophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, and mast cells outside of the vasculature. All 4 inflammatory cell types were increased in the POP-HQ system-defined POP-Inflammatory (POP-I) phenotype USL tissue relative to the USL tissues of control or other POP-HQ phenotypes. Focal T-lymphocyte and macrophage co-accumulations were observed in the arterial walls from some patients of the POP-vascular (POP-V) phenotype suggesting previous arterial injury. In addition, 1 control and 2 POP-V subjects' USLs contained arterial wall foamy macrophages, evidence of atherosclerosis. These findings further support a complex etiology for POP and indicate that personalized approaches to preventing and treating the condition may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Orlicky
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - E Erin Smith
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joshua Johnson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ashley E Hilton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marsha K Guess
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lauren G Rascoff
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jaime S Arruda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Juana A Hutchinson-Colas
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers Health, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Ivana Yang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kathleen A Connell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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11
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Guizar P, Abdalla AL, Monette A, Davis K, Caballero RE, Niu M, Liu X, Ajibola O, Murooka TT, Liang C, Mouland AJ. An HIV-1 CRISPR-Cas9 membrane trafficking screen reveals a role for PICALM intersecting endolysosomes and immunity. iScience 2024; 27:110131. [PMID: 38957789 PMCID: PMC11217618 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 hijacks host proteins involved in membrane trafficking, endocytosis, and autophagy that are critical for virus replication. Molecular details are lacking but are essential to inform on the development of alternative antiviral strategies. Despite their potential as clinical targets, only a few membrane trafficking proteins have been functionally characterized in HIV-1 replication. To further elucidate roles in HIV-1 replication, we performed a CRISPR-Cas9 screen on 140 membrane trafficking proteins. We identified phosphatidylinositol-binding clathrin assembly protein (PICALM) that influences not only infection dynamics but also CD4+ SupT1 biology. The knockout (KO) of PICALM inhibited viral entry. In CD4+ SupT1 T cells, KO cells exhibited defects in intracellular trafficking and increased abundance of intracellular Gag and significant alterations in autophagy, immune checkpoint PD-1 levels, and differentiation markers. Thus, PICALM modulates a variety of pathways that ultimately affect HIV-1 replication, underscoring the potential of PICALM as a future target to control HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Guizar
- Lady Davis Institute at the Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Ana Luiza Abdalla
- Lady Davis Institute at the Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Anne Monette
- Lady Davis Institute at the Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Kristin Davis
- Lady Davis Institute at the Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Ramon Edwin Caballero
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Meijuan Niu
- Lady Davis Institute at the Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Xinyun Liu
- Rady Faculty of Health Science, Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Oluwaseun Ajibola
- Rady Faculty of Health Science, Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Thomas T. Murooka
- Rady Faculty of Health Science, Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
- Rady Faculty of Health Science, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Chen Liang
- Lady Davis Institute at the Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Andrew J. Mouland
- Lady Davis Institute at the Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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12
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Germanà E, Pepe L, Pizzimenti C, Ballato M, Pierconti F, Tuccari G, Ieni A, Giuffrè G, Fadda G, Fiorentino V, Martini M. Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Immunohistochemical Expression in Advanced Urothelial Bladder Carcinoma: An Updated Review with Clinical and Pathological Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6750. [PMID: 38928456 PMCID: PMC11203574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The management of advanced bladder carcinoma involves a multidisciplinary approach, but the prognosis remains poor for many patients. The immune system plays a crucial role in this disease, influencing both tumor development and response to treatment, and exploiting the immune system against the tumor can be a valuable strategy to destroy neoplastic cells. This is the biological principle underlying Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) use and, more recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), like PD-1 (programmed death-1)/PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1) inhibitors. In fact, one of the best studied immune checkpoints is represented by the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, which is a well-known immune escape system adopted by neoplastic bladder cells. PD-L1 expression has been associated with a higher pathologic stage and has shown prognostic value in bladder carcinoma. Interestingly, high-grade bladder cancers tend to express higher levels of PD-1 and PD-L1, suggesting a potential role of such an axis in mediating disease progression. Immunotherapy with PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors has therefore emerged as a valuable treatment option and has shown efficacy in advanced bladder cancer patients, with high PD-L1 expression levels associated with better treatment responses. Our review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of PD-L1 in advanced bladder cancer, focusing on its implications for treatment decisions and the prediction of treatment response. Overall, our work aims to contribute to the understanding of PD-L1 as a predictive biomarker and highlight its role in shaping therapeutic approaches for advanced bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Germanà
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Ludovica Pepe
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (L.P.); (M.B.); (G.T.); (A.I.); (G.G.); (G.F.)
| | | | - Mariagiovanna Ballato
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (L.P.); (M.B.); (G.T.); (A.I.); (G.G.); (G.F.)
| | - Francesco Pierconti
- Department of Women, Children and Public Health Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Agostino Gemelli IRCCS University Hospital Foundation, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Tuccari
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (L.P.); (M.B.); (G.T.); (A.I.); (G.G.); (G.F.)
| | - Antonio Ieni
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (L.P.); (M.B.); (G.T.); (A.I.); (G.G.); (G.F.)
| | - Giuseppe Giuffrè
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (L.P.); (M.B.); (G.T.); (A.I.); (G.G.); (G.F.)
| | - Guido Fadda
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (L.P.); (M.B.); (G.T.); (A.I.); (G.G.); (G.F.)
| | - Vincenzo Fiorentino
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (L.P.); (M.B.); (G.T.); (A.I.); (G.G.); (G.F.)
| | - Maurizio Martini
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (L.P.); (M.B.); (G.T.); (A.I.); (G.G.); (G.F.)
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13
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Zhao K, Wu C, Li X, Niu M, Wu D, Cui X, Zhao H. From mechanism to therapy: the journey of CD24 in cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1401528. [PMID: 38881902 PMCID: PMC11176514 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1401528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
CD24 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein that is expressed in a wide range of tissues and cell types. It is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including cell adhesion, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis. Additionally, CD24 has been studied extensively in the context of cancer, where it has been found to play a role in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. In recent years, there has been growing interest in CD24 as a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment. This review summarizes the current knowledge of CD24, including its structure, function, and its role in cancer. Finally, we provide insights into potential clinical application of CD24 and discuss possible approaches for the development of targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Caifeng Wu
- Department of Hand and Foot, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangjun Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengchao Niu
- Department of Operation Room, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaofeng Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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14
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Ma Y, Dumesny C, Dong L, Ang CS, Asadi K, Zhan Y, Nikfarjam M, He H. Inhibition of P21-activated kinases 1 and 4 synergistically suppresses the growth of pancreatic cancer by stimulating anti-tumour immunity. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:287. [PMID: 38797819 PMCID: PMC11129409 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01670-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is one of the most lethal types of cancer, and KRAS oncogene occurs in over 90% of cases. P21-activated kinases (PAK), containing six members (PAK1 to 6), function downstream of KRAS. PAK1 and PAK4 play important roles in carcinogenesis, but their combinational effect remains unknown. In this study, we have determined the effect of dual inhibition of PAK1 and PAK4 in PDA progression using knockout (KO) cancer cell lines. METHODS Murine wild-type (WT) and PAK1KO pancreatic cancer cell lines were isolated from PAK1+/+ and PAK1-/- KPC (LSL-KrasG12D/+; LSL-Trp53 R172H/+; Pdx-1-Cre) mice. KPC PAK4KO and KPC PAK1&4 KO cell lines were generated from KPC WT and KPC PAK1KO cell lines respectively using the CRISPR-CAS9 gene knockout technique. PAK WT and KO cell lines were used in mouse models of pancreatic tumours. Cells and tumour tissue were also used in flow cytometry and proteomic studies. A human PDA tissue microarray was stained by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Double knock out of PAK1 and PAK4 caused complete regression of tumour in a syngeneic mouse model. PAK4KO inhibited tumour growth by stimulating a rapid increase of cytotoxic CD8+ T cell infiltration. PAK1KO synergistically with PAK4KO increased cytotoxic CD8+ T cell infiltration and stimulated a sustained infiltration of CD8+ T cells at a later phase to overcome the immune evasion in the PAK4KO tumour. The human PDA tissue microarray study showed the important role of PAK1 and PAK4 in intra-tumoral T-cell function. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that dual inhibition of PAK1 and PAK4 synergistically suppressed PDA progression by stimulating cytotoxic CD8 + T cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ma
- Department of Surgery, Austin Precinct, University of Melbourne, Level 8, Lance Townsend Building, Austin Hospital, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Department of General Surgery, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Chelsea Dumesny
- Department of Surgery, Austin Precinct, University of Melbourne, Level 8, Lance Townsend Building, Austin Hospital, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Li Dong
- Department of Surgery, Austin Precinct, University of Melbourne, Level 8, Lance Townsend Building, Austin Hospital, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Ching-Seng Ang
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Khashayar Asadi
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Yifan Zhan
- Drug Discovery, Shanghai Huaota Biopharm, Shanghai, China
| | - Mehrdad Nikfarjam
- Department of Surgery, Austin Precinct, University of Melbourne, Level 8, Lance Townsend Building, Austin Hospital, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Hong He
- Department of Surgery, Austin Precinct, University of Melbourne, Level 8, Lance Townsend Building, Austin Hospital, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.
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15
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Kan AKC, Tang WT, Li PH. Helper T cell subsets: Development, function and clinical role in hypersensitivity reactions in the modern perspective. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30553. [PMID: 38726130 PMCID: PMC11079302 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Helper T cells are traditionally classified into T helper 1 (TH1) and T helper 2 (TH2). The more recent discoveries of T helper 17 (TH17), follicular helper T cells (TFH) and regulatory T cells (Treg) enhanced our understanding on the mechanisms of immune function and hypersensitivity reactions, which shaped the modern perspective on the function and role of these different subsets of helper T cells in hypersensitivity reactions. Each subset of helper T cells has characteristic roles in different types of hypersensitivity reactions, hence giving rise to the respective characteristic clinical manifestations. The roles of helper T cells in allergic contact dermatitis (TH1-mediated), drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome (TH2-mediated), and acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) (TH17-mediated) are summarised in this article, demonstrating the correlation between the type of helper T cell involved and the clinical features. TFH plays crucial roles in antibody class-switch recombination; they may be implicated in antibody-mediated hypersensitivity reactions, but further research is warranted to delineate their exact pathogenic roles. The helper T cell subsets and their specific cytokine profiles implicated in different hypersensitivity reactions could be potential treatment targets by biologics, but more clinical trials are warranted to establish their clinical effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Ka Chun Kan
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Wang Tik Tang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Philip H. Li
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
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16
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Yoon AR, Jiao A, Hong J, Kim B, Yun CO. Tumor microenvironment-modulating oncolytic adenovirus combined with GSK-3β inhibitor enhances antitumor immune response against bladder cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1360436. [PMID: 38812516 PMCID: PMC11133599 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1360436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a common type of cancer around the world, and the majority of patients are diagnosed with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Although low-risk NMIBC has a good prognosis, the disease recurrence rate and development of treatment-refractory disease remain high in intermediate- to high-risk NMIBC patients. To address these challenges for the treatment of NMIBC, a novel combination therapy composed of an oncolytic adenovirus (oAd) co-expressing interleukin (IL)-12, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and relaxin (RLX; HY-oAd) and a clinical-stage glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β inhibitor (9-ING-41; elraglusib) was investigated in the present report. Our findings demonstrate that HY-oAd and 9-ING-41 combination therapy (HY-oAd+9-ING-41) exerted superior inhibition of tumor growth compared with respective monotherapy in a syngeneic NMIBC tumor model. HY-oAd+9-ING-41 induced high-level tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and a more potent antitumor immune response than the respective monotherapy. In detail, HY-oAd+9-ING-41 induced superior accumulation of intratumoral T cells, prevention of immune cell exhaustion, and induction of tumor-specific adaptive immune response compared to either monotherapy. Collectively, these results demonstrate that the combination of HY-oAd and 9-ING-41 may be a promising approach to elicit a potent antitumor immune response against bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Rum Yoon
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (HY-IBB), Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ao Jiao
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JinWoo Hong
- GeneMedicine Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bomi Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (HY-IBB), Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- GeneMedicine Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
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17
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Satapathy BP, Sheoran P, Yadav R, Chettri D, Sonowal D, Dash CP, Dhaka P, Uttam V, Yadav R, Jain M, Jain A. The synergistic immunotherapeutic impact of engineered CAR-T cells with PD-1 blockade in lymphomas and solid tumors: a systematic review. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1389971. [PMID: 38799440 PMCID: PMC11116574 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1389971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, therapies such as chimeric antigen receptor-T Cell (CAR-T) and immune checkpoint inhibitors like programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) blockers are showing promising results for numerous cancer patients. However, significant advancements are required before CAR-T therapies become readily available as off-the-shelf treatments, particularly for solid tumors and lymphomas. In this review, we have systematically analyzed the combination therapy involving engineered CAR-T cells and anti PD-1 agents. This approach aims at overcoming the limitations of current treatments and offers potential advantages such as enhanced tumor inhibition, alleviated T-cell exhaustion, heightened T-cell activation, and minimized toxicity. The integration of CAR-T therapy, which targets tumor-associated antigens, with PD-1 blockade augments T-cell function and mitigates immune suppression within the tumor microenvironment. To assess the impact of combination therapy on various tumors and lymphomas, we categorized them based on six major tumor-associated antigens: mesothelin, disialoganglioside GD-2, CD-19, CD-22, CD-133, and CD-30, which are present in different tumor types. We evaluated the efficacy, complete and partial responses, and progression-free survival in both pre-clinical and clinical models. Additionally, we discussed potential implications, including the feasibility of combination immunotherapies, emphasizing the importance of ongoing research to optimize treatment strategies and improve outcomes for cancer patients. Overall, we believe combining CAR-T therapy with PD-1 blockade holds promise for the next generation of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibhu Prasad Satapathy
- Department of Zoology, Non-Coding RNA and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Pooja Sheoran
- Department of Zoology, Non-Coding RNA and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Rohit Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Non-Coding RNA and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Dewan Chettri
- Department of Zoology, Non-Coding RNA and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Dhruba Sonowal
- Department of Zoology, Non-Coding RNA and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Chinmayee Priyadarsini Dash
- Department of Zoology, Non-Coding RNA and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Prachi Dhaka
- Department of Zoology, Non-Coding RNA and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Vivek Uttam
- Department of Zoology, Non-Coding RNA and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Ritu Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Non-Coding RNA and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Manju Jain
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Aklank Jain
- Department of Zoology, Non-Coding RNA and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
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18
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Wang AF, Hsueh B, Choi BD, Gerstner ER, Dunn GP. Immunotherapy for Brain Tumors: Where We Have Been, and Where Do We Go From Here? Curr Treat Options Oncol 2024; 25:628-643. [PMID: 38649630 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-024-01200-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Immunotherapy for glioblastoma (GBM) remains an intensive area of investigation. Given the seismic impact of cancer immunotherapy across a range of malignancies, there is optimism that harnessing the power of immunity will influence GBM as well. However, despite several phase 3 studies, there are still no FDA-approved immunotherapies for GBM. Importantly, the field has learned a great deal from the randomized studies to date. Today, we are continuing to better understand the disease-specific features of the microenvironment in GBM-as well as the exploitable antigenic characteristic of the tumor cells themselves-that are informing the next generation of immune-based therapeutic strategies. The coming phase of next-generation immunotherapies is thus poised to bring us closer to treatments that will improve the lives of patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander F Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Brian Hsueh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Bryan D Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Brain Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Gerstner
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Stephen E. and Catherine Pappas Center for Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gavin P Dunn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Brain Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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19
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Santoro A, Angelico G, Inzani F, Arciuolo D, d'Amati A, Addante F, Travaglino A, Scaglione G, D'Alessandris N, Valente M, Tinnirello G, Raffone A, Narducci N, Piermattei A, Cianfrini F, Bragantini E, Zannoni GF. The emerging and challenging role of PD-L1 in patients with gynecological cancers: An updating review with clinico-pathological considerations. Gynecol Oncol 2024; 184:57-66. [PMID: 38295614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2024.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Over recent years, there has been significant progress in the development of immunotherapeutic molecules designed to block the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. These molecules have demonstrated their ability to enhance the immune response by prompting T cells to identify and suppress neoplastic cells. PD-L1 is a type 1 transmembrane protein ligand expressed on T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and antigen-presenting cells and is considered a key inhibitory checkpoint involved in cancer immune regulation. PD-L1 immunohistochemical expression in gynecological malignancies is extremely variable based on tumor stage and molecular subtypes. As a result, a class of monoclonal antibodies targeting the PD-1 receptor and PD-L1, known as immune checkpoint inhibitors, has found successful application in clinical settings. In clinical practice, the standard method for identifying suitable candidates for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy involves immunohistochemical assessment of PD-L1 expression in neoplastic tissues. The most commonly used PD-L1 assays in clinical trials are SP142, 28-8, 22C3, and SP263, each of which has been rigorously validated on specific platforms. Gynecologic cancers encompass a wide spectrum of malignancies originating from the ovaries, uterus, cervix, and vulva. These neoplasms have shown variable response to immunotherapy which appears to be influenced by genetic and protein expression profiles, including factors such as mismatch repair status, tumor mutational burden, and checkpoint ligand expression. In the present paper, an extensive review of PD-L1 expression in various gynecologic cancer types is discussed, providing a guide for their pathological assessment and reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Santoro
- Unità Operativa Complessa Anatomia Patologica Generale, Dipartimento di scienze della salute della donna, del bambino e di sanità pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy; Istituto di Anatomia Patologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Angelico
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Frediano Inzani
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Damiano Arciuolo
- Unità Operativa Complessa Anatomia Patologica Generale, Dipartimento di scienze della salute della donna, del bambino e di sanità pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio d'Amati
- Unità Operativa Complessa Anatomia Patologica Generale, Dipartimento di scienze della salute della donna, del bambino e di sanità pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Addante
- Unità Operativa Complessa Anatomia Patologica Generale, Dipartimento di scienze della salute della donna, del bambino e di sanità pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Travaglino
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Giulia Scaglione
- Unità Operativa Complessa Anatomia Patologica Generale, Dipartimento di scienze della salute della donna, del bambino e di sanità pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Nicoletta D'Alessandris
- Unità Operativa Complessa Anatomia Patologica Generale, Dipartimento di scienze della salute della donna, del bambino e di sanità pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Michele Valente
- Unità Operativa Complessa Anatomia Patologica Generale, Dipartimento di scienze della salute della donna, del bambino e di sanità pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Giordana Tinnirello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Raffone
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nadine Narducci
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessia Piermattei
- Unità Operativa Complessa Anatomia Patologica Generale, Dipartimento di scienze della salute della donna, del bambino e di sanità pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Federica Cianfrini
- Unità Operativa Complessa Anatomia Patologica Generale, Dipartimento di scienze della salute della donna, del bambino e di sanità pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Emma Bragantini
- Department of Pathology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Gian Franco Zannoni
- Unità Operativa Complessa Anatomia Patologica Generale, Dipartimento di scienze della salute della donna, del bambino e di sanità pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy; Istituto di Anatomia Patologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy.
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20
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Bruss C, Albert V, Seitz S, Blaimer S, Kellner K, Pohl F, Ortmann O, Brockhoff G, Wege AK. Neoadjuvant radiotherapy in ER +, HER2 +, and triple-negative -specific breast cancer based humanized tumor mice enhances anti-PD-L1 treatment efficacy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1355130. [PMID: 38742103 PMCID: PMC11089195 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1355130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Pre-operative radiation therapy is not currently integrated into the treatment protocols for breast cancer. However, transforming immunological "cold" breast cancers by neoadjuvant irradiation into their "hot" variants is supposed to elicit an endogenous tumor immune defense and, thus, enhance immunotherapy efficiency. We investigated cellular and immunological effects of sub-lethal, neoadjuvant irradiation of ER pos., HER2 pos., and triple-negative breast cancer subtypes in-vitro and in-vivo in humanized tumor mice (HTM). This mouse model is characterized by a human-like immune system and therefore facilitates detailed analysis of the mechanisms and efficiency of neoadjuvant, irradiation-induced "in-situ vaccination", especially in the context of concurrently applied checkpoint therapy. Similar to clinical appearances, we observed a gradually increased immunogenicity from the luminal over the HER2-pos. to the triple negative subtype in HTM indicated by an increasing immune cell infiltration into the tumor tissue. Anti-PD-L1 therapy divided the HER2-pos. and triple negative HTM groups into responder and non-responder, while the luminal HTMs were basically irresponsive. Irradiation alone was effective in the HER2-pos. and luminal subtype-specific HTM and was supportive for overcoming irresponsiveness to single anti-PD-L1 treatment. The treatment success correlated with a significantly increased T cell proportion and PD-1 expression in the spleen. In all subtype-specific HTM combination therapy proved most effective in diminishing tumor growth, enhancing the immune response, and converted non-responder into responder during anti-PD-L1 therapy. In HTM, neoadjuvant irradiation reinforced anti-PD-L1 checkpoint treatment of breast cancer in a subtype -specific manner. According to the "bench to bedside" principle, this study offers a vital foundation for clinical translating the use of neoadjuvant irradiation in the context of checkpoint therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bruss
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Regensburg, Germany
| | - Veruschka Albert
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Seitz
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Blaimer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kellner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Regensburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Pohl
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Olaf Ortmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gero Brockhoff
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anja K. Wege
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Regensburg, Germany
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21
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Deng P, Dong X, Wu Z, Hou X, Mao L, Guo J, Zhao W, Peng C, Zhang Z, Peng L. Development of Glycosylation-Modified DPPA-1 Compounds as Innovative PD-1/PD-L1 Blockers: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation. Molecules 2024; 29:1898. [PMID: 38675717 PMCID: PMC11054459 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of peptide drug development, glycosylation plays a pivotal role. Accordingly, L-type peptides were synthesized predicated upon the PD-1/PD-L1 blocker DPPA-1. Subsequent glycosylation resulted in the production of two distinct glycopeptides, D-glu-LPPA-1 and D-gal-LPPA-1, by using D-glucose (D-glu) and D-galactose (D-gal), respectively, during glycosylation. Both glycopeptides significantly inhibited the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1, and the measured half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) were 75.5 μM and 101.9 μM for D-glu-LPPA-1 and D-gal-LPPA-1, respectively. Furthermore, D-gal-LPPA-1 displayed a pronounced ability to restore T-cell functionality. In an MC38 tumor-bearing mouse model, D-gal-LPPA-1 demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect. Notably, D-gal-LPPA-1 substantially augmented the abundance and functionality of CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, in the lymph nodes and spleens, D-gal-LPPA-1 significantly increased the proportion of CD8+ T cells secreting interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). These strong findings position D-gal-LPPA-1 as a potent enhancer of the antitumor immune response in MC38 tumor-bearing mice, underscoring its potential as a formidable PD-1/PD-L1 blocking agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaodan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Ziyuan Wu
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Xixi Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Longfei Mao
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence Driven Drug Discovery, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao 999078, China;
| | - Wenshan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Chune Peng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- School of Sciences, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lizeng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
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22
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Hazrati A, Malekpour K, Khorramdelazad H, Rajaei S, Hashemi SM. Therapeutic and immunomodulatory potentials of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells and immune checkpoints related molecules. Biomark Res 2024; 12:35. [PMID: 38515166 PMCID: PMC10958918 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00580-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are used in many studies due to their therapeutic potential, including their differentiative ability and immunomodulatory properties. These cells perform their therapeutic functions by using various mechanisms, such as the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, direct cell-to-cell contact, extracellular vesicles (EVs) production, and mitochondrial transfer. However, mechanisms related to immune checkpoints (ICPs) and their effect on the immunomodulatory ability of MSCs are less discussed. The main function of ICPs is to prevent the initiation of unwanted responses and to regulate the immune system responses to maintain the homeostasis of these responses. ICPs are produced by various types of immune system regulatory cells, and defects in their expression and function may be associated with excessive responses that can ultimately lead to autoimmunity. Also, by expressing different types of ICPs and their ligands (ICPLs), tumor cells prevent the formation and durability of immune responses, which leads to tumors' immune escape. ICPs and ICPLs can be produced by MSCs and affect immune cell responses both through their secretion into the microenvironment or direct cell-to-cell interaction. Pre-treatment of MSCs in inflammatory conditions leads to an increase in their therapeutic potential. In addition to the effect that inflammatory environments have on the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines by MSCs, they can increase the expression of various types of ICPLs. In this review, we discuss different types of ICPLs and ICPs expressed by MSCs and their effect on their immunomodulatory and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hazrati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kosar Malekpour
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Khorramdelazad
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Samira Rajaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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23
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Lee TA, Tsai EY, Liu SH, Hsu Hung SD, Chang SJ, Chao CH, Lai YJ, Yamaguchi H, Li CW. Post-translational Modification of PD-1: Potential Targets for Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancer Res 2024; 84:800-807. [PMID: 38231470 PMCID: PMC10940856 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-2664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Activation of effector T cells leads to upregulation of PD-1, which can inhibit T-cell activity following engagement with its ligand PD-L1. Post-translational modifications (PTM), including glycosylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and palmitoylation, play a significant role in regulating PD-1 protein stability, localization, and interprotein interactions. Targeting PTM of PD-1 in T cells has emerged as a potential strategy to overcome PD-1-mediated immunosuppression in cancer and enhances antitumor immunity. The regulatory signaling pathways that induce PTM of PD-1 can be suppressed with small-molecule inhibitors, and mAbs can directly target PD-1 PTMs. Preliminary outcomes from exploratory studies suggest that focusing on the PTM of PD-1 has strong therapeutic potential and can enhance the response to anti-PD-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te-An Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - En-Yun Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Hou Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Chi-Hong Chao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ju Lai
- Solomont School of Nursing, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts
| | - Hirohito Yamaguchi
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Li
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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24
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Kuo WT, Kuo IY, Hsieh HC, Wu ST, Su WC, Wang YC. Rab37 mediates trafficking and membrane presentation of PD-1 to sustain T cell exhaustion in lung cancer. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:20. [PMID: 38321486 PMCID: PMC10848371 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is an immune checkpoint receptor expressed on the surface of T cells. High expression of PD-1 leads to T-cell dysfunction in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the mechanism of intracellular trafficking and plasma membrane presentation of PD-1 remains unclear. METHODS Multiple databases of lung cancer patients were integratively analyzed to screen Rab proteins and potential immune-related signaling pathways. Imaging and various biochemical assays were performed in Jurkat T cells, splenocytes, and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Rab37 knockout mice and specimens of lung cancer patients were used to validate the concept. RESULTS Here, we identify novel mechanisms of intracellular trafficking and plasma membrane presentation of PD-1 mediated by Rab37 small GTPase to sustain T cell exhaustion, thereby leading to poor patient outcome. PD-1 colocalized with Rab37-specific vesicles of T cells in a GTP-dependent manner whereby Rab37 mediated dynamic trafficking and membrane presentation of PD-1. However, glycosylation mutant PD-1 delayed cargo recruitment to the Rab37 vesicles, thus stalling membrane presentation. Notably, T cell proliferation and activity were upregulated in tumor-infiltrating T cells from the tumor-bearing Rab37 knockout mice compared to those from wild type. Clinically, the multiplex immunofluorescence-immunohistochemical assay indicated that patients with high Rab37+/PD-1+/TIM3+/CD8+ tumor infiltrating T cell profile correlated with advanced tumor stages and poor overall survival. Moreover, human PBMCs from patients demonstrated high expression of Rab37, which positively correlated with elevated levels of PD-1+ and TIM3+ in CD8+ T cells exhibiting reduced tumoricidal activity. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide the first evidence that Rab37 small GTPase mediates trafficking and membrane presentation of PD-1 to sustain T cell exhaustion, and the tumor promoting function of Rab37/PD-1 axis in T cells of TME in lung cancer. The expression profile of Rab37high/PD-1high/TIM3high in tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells is a biomarker for poor prognosis in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ting Kuo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - I-Ying Kuo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chia Hsieh
- Institute of Basic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ssu-Ting Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
- Institute of Basic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Wang H, Mendez L, Morton G, Loblaw A, Chung HT, Cheung P, Mesci A, Escueta V, Petchiny TN, Huang X, White SD, Downes M, Vesprini D, Liu SK. Brachytherapy for high grade prostate cancer induces distinct changes in circulating CD4 and CD8 T cells - Implications for systemic control. Radiother Oncol 2024; 191:110077. [PMID: 38176656 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.110077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
This exploratory study is a follow up to our previous investigation of immune response in the circulation of high-grade Gleason 9 prostate cancer patients treated with EBRT + BT compared to EBRT alone. Notably, EBRT + BT demonstrates the potential to elicit an effect on CD4/CD8 ratio which may have attributed to improved clinical response to therapy. Our findings show promise for leveraging circulating immune cells as predictive biomarkers for radiotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wang
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L Mendez
- Division of Radiation Oncology, London Regional Cancer Program, London, ON, Canada
| | - G Morton
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Loblaw
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - H T Chung
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P Cheung
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Mesci
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - V Escueta
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - T N Petchiny
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - X Huang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S D White
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Downes
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - D Vesprini
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S K Liu
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Gramantieri L, Suzzi F, Bassi C, D'Abundo L, Tovoli F, Bruccoleri M, Marseglia M, Alimenti E, Fornari F, Negrini M, Iavarone M, Piscaglia F, Giovannini C. Circulating CD8 lymphocytes predict response to atezolizumab-bevacizumab in hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350637. [PMID: 37990855 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Due to the lack of biomarkers predictive of response to atezolizumab-bevacizumab, the standard of care for advanced HCC, we analyzed baseline and early on-treatment variation of peripheral lymphocyte populations of 37 prospective patients treated by atezolizumab-bevacizumab and in 15 prospective patients treated by sorafenib or lenvatinib (TKIs). RNAseq analysis followed by RT-PCR validation on patients-derived PBMC was also performed. At first imaging, re-evaluation 13 patients receiving atezolizumab-bevacizumab, showed an objective response, 17 stable disease, while 7 were nonresponders. Baseline CD8+ and CD8+PD-L1+ peripheral lymphocytes were lower in responders versus nonresponders (T-test, p = 0.012 and 0.004, respectively). At 3 weeks, 28 of 30 responders displayed a rise of CD8+PD1+ lymphocytes with a positive mean fold change of 4.35 (±5.6 SD), whereas 6 of 7 nonresponders displayed a negative fold change of 0.89 (±0.84 SD). These changes were not observed in patients treated by TKIs. TRIM56, TRIM16, TRIM64, and Ki67 mRNAs were validated as upregulated in responders versus nonresponders after 3 weeks after treatment start, providing possible evidence of immune activation. Baseline CD8+ and CD8+PD-L1+ peripheral lymphocytes and early changes in CD8+PD1+ lymphocytes predict response to atezolizumab-bevacizumab providing noninvasive markers to complement clinical practice in the very early phases of treatment of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gramantieri
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Suzzi
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristian Bassi
- Department of Translational Medicine and Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA) Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lucilla D'Abundo
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Tovoli
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariangela Bruccoleri
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Milan, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Marseglia
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Alimenti
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Fornari
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Massimo Negrini
- Department of Translational Medicine and Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA) Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Massimo Iavarone
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Piscaglia
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Catia Giovannini
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
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27
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Deng S, Jiang Y, Luo L, Tang H, Hu X, Wu C, Tang J, Ge H, Gong X, Cai R, Wang G, Li X, Feng J. C5a enhances inflammation and chemotaxis of γδ T cells in malignant pleural effusion. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111332. [PMID: 38071913 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inhibitory effect of γδT17 cells on the formation of murine malignant pleural effusions (MPE) has been established. However, there is limited understanding regarding the phenotypic characterization of γδ T cells in MPE patients and their recruitment to the pleural cavity. METHODS We quantified γδ T cell prevalence in pleural effusions and corresponding peripheral blood from malignant and benign patients using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. The expression of effector memory phenotype, stimulatory/inhibitory/chemokine receptors and cytokines on γδ T cells in MPE was analyzed using multicolor flow cytometry. The infiltration of γδ T cells in MPE was assessed through immunofluorescence, ELISA, flow cytometry and transwell migration assay. RESULTS We observed a significant infiltration of γδ T cells in MPE, surpassing the levels found in blood and benign pleural effusion. γδ T cells in MPE exhibited heightened expression of CD56 and an effector memory phenotype, while displaying lower levels of PD-1. Furthermore, γδ T cells in MPE showed higher levels of cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17A and IL-22) and chemokine receptors (CCR2, CCR5 and CCR6). CCR2 expression was notably higher in the Vδ2 subtype compared to Vδ1 cells. Moreover, the complement C5a enhanced cytokine release by γδ T cells, upregulated CCR2 expression in Vδ2 subsets, and stimulated the production of chemokines (CCL2, CCL7 and CCL20) in MPE. In vitro utilizing CCR2 neutralising and C5aR antagonist significantly reduced the recruitment of γδ T cells. CONCLUSIONS γδ T cells infiltrate MPE by overexpressing CCR2 and exhibit hightened inflammation, which is further augmented by C5a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglinzi Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lisha Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huan Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chendong Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiale Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huan Ge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Gong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Runjin Cai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guo Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaozhao Li
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Juntao Feng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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28
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Li YR, Halladay T, Yang L. Immune evasion in cell-based immunotherapy: unraveling challenges and novel strategies. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:5. [PMID: 38217016 PMCID: PMC10785504 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-00998-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell-based immunotherapies (CBIs), notably exemplified by chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T (CAR-T) cell therapy, have emerged as groundbreaking approaches for cancer therapy. Nevertheless, akin to various other therapeutic modalities, tumor cells employ counterstrategies to manifest immune evasion, thereby circumventing the impact of CBIs. This phenomenon is facilitated by an intricately immunosuppression entrenched within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Principal mechanisms underpinning tumor immune evasion from CBIs encompass loss of antigens, downregulation of antigen presentation, activation of immune checkpoint pathways, initiation of anti-apoptotic cascades, and induction of immune dysfunction and exhaustion. In this review, we delve into the intrinsic mechanisms underlying the capacity of tumor cells to resist CBIs and proffer prospective stratagems to navigate around these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ruide Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Tyler Halladay
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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29
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Rodriguez-Berriguete G, Puliyadi R, Machado N, Barberis A, Prevo R, McLaughlin M, Buffa FM, Harrington KJ, Higgins GS. Antitumour effect of the mitochondrial complex III inhibitor Atovaquone in combination with anti-PD-L1 therapy in mouse cancer models. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:32. [PMID: 38212297 PMCID: PMC10784292 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06405-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) provides effective and durable responses for several tumour types by unleashing an immune response directed against cancer cells. However, a substantial number of patients treated with ICB develop relapse or do not respond, which has been partly attributed to the immune-suppressive effect of tumour hypoxia. We have previously demonstrated that the mitochondrial complex III inhibitor atovaquone alleviates tumour hypoxia both in human xenografts and in cancer patients by decreasing oxygen consumption and consequently increasing oxygen availability in the tumour. Here, we show that atovaquone alleviates hypoxia and synergises with the ICB antibody anti-PD-L1, significantly improving the rates of tumour eradication in the syngeneic CT26 model of colorectal cancer. The synergistic effect between atovaquone and anti-PD-L1 relied on CD8+ T cells, resulted in the establishment of a tumour-specific memory immune response, and was not associated with any toxicity. We also tested atovaquone in combination with anti-PD-L1 in the LLC (lung) and MC38 (colorectal) cancer syngeneic models but, despite causing a considerable reduction in tumour hypoxia, atovaquone did not add any therapeutic benefit to ICB in these models. These results suggest that atovaquone has the potential to improve the outcomes of patients treated with ICB, but predictive biomarkers are required to identify individuals likely to benefit from this intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rathi Puliyadi
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicole Machado
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Remko Prevo
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Francesca M Buffa
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Computing Sciences, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy
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30
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Kennedy-Batalla R, Acevedo D, Luo Y, Esteve-Solé A, Vlagea A, Correa-Rocha R, Seoane-Reula ME, Alsina L. Treg in inborn errors of immunity: gaps, knowns and future perspectives. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1278759. [PMID: 38259469 PMCID: PMC10800401 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1278759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Treg) are essential for immune balance, preventing overreactive responses and autoimmunity. Although traditionally characterized as CD4+CD25+CD127lowFoxP3hi, recent research has revealed diverse Treg subsets such as Tr1, Tr1-like, and CD8 Treg. Treg dysfunction leads to severe autoimmune diseases and immune-mediated inflammatory disorders. Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are a group of disorders that affect correct functioning of the immune system. IEI include Tregopathies caused by genetic mutations affecting Treg development or function. In addition, Treg dysfunction is also observed in other IEIs, whose underlying mechanisms are largely unknown, thus requiring further research. This review provides a comprehensive overview and discussion of Treg in IEI focused on: A) advances and controversies in the evaluation of Treg extended subphenotypes and function; B) current knowledge and gaps in Treg disturbances in Tregopathies and other IEI including Treg subpopulation changes, genotype-phenotype correlation, Treg changes with disease activity, and available therapies, and C) the potential of Treg cell-based therapies for IEI with immune dysregulation. The aim is to improve both the diagnostic and the therapeutic approaches to IEI when there is involvement of Treg. We performed a non-systematic targeted literature review with a knowledgeable selection of current, high-quality original and review articles on Treg and IEI available since 2003 (with 58% of the articles within the last 6 years) in the PubMed database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Kennedy-Batalla
- Laboratory of Immune-Regulation, Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Acevedo
- Clinical Immunology and Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Study Group for Immune Dysfunction Diseases in Children (GEMDIP), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yiyi Luo
- Clinical Immunology and Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Study Group for Immune Dysfunction Diseases in Children (GEMDIP), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Esteve-Solé
- Clinical Immunology and Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Study Group for Immune Dysfunction Diseases in Children (GEMDIP), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandru Vlagea
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Immunology Department, Biomedic Diagnostic Center (CDB), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Clinical Immunology Unit Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Correa-Rocha
- Laboratory of Immune-Regulation, Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ma Elena Seoane-Reula
- Laboratory of Immune-Regulation, Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
- Pediatric Immuno-Allergy Unit, Allergy Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laia Alsina
- Clinical Immunology and Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Study Group for Immune Dysfunction Diseases in Children (GEMDIP), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Surgery and Surgical Specializations, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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31
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Rocha Martins P, Luciano Pereira Morais K, de Lima Galdino NA, Jacauna A, Paula SOC, Magalhães WCS, Zuccherato LW, Campos LS, Salles PGO, Gollob KJ. Linking tumor immune infiltrate and systemic immune mediators to treatment response and prognosis in advanced cervical cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22634. [PMID: 38114557 PMCID: PMC10730812 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49441-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) poses a significant burden on individuals in developing regions, exhibiting heterogeneous responses to standard chemoradiation therapy, and contributing to substantial mortality rates. Unraveling host immune dynamics holds promise for innovative therapies and discovery of clinically relevant biomarkers. We studied prospectively locally advanced CC patients pre-treatment, stratifying them as responders (R) or non-responders (NR). R patients had increased tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), while NR patients showed elevated PD-1 scores, CD8+ and PD-L2+ TILs, and PD-L1 immune reactivity. NR patients exhibited higher systemic soluble mediators correlating with TIL immune markers. R patients demonstrated functional polarization of CD4 T cells (Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg), while CD8+ T cells and CD68+ macrophages predominated in the NR group. Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified potential CC response predictors, including PD-L1-immunoreactive (IR) area, PD-L2, CD8, FGF-basic, IL-7, IL-8, IL-12p40, IL-15, and TNF-alpha. Dysfunctional TILs and imbalanced immune mediators contribute to therapeutic insufficiency, shedding light on local and systemic immune interplay. Our study informs immunological signatures for treatment prediction and CC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Rocha Martins
- Pathology Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Instituto Mário Penna, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Kátia Luciano Pereira Morais
- Translational Immuno-Oncology Lab, Education and Research Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Center for Research in Immuno-Oncology (CRIO), Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Nayane Alves de Lima Galdino
- Translational Immuno-Oncology Lab, Education and Research Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Center for Research in Immuno-Oncology (CRIO), Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Jacauna
- Pathology Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Wagner C S Magalhães
- Instituto Mário Penna, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- CCATES - Centro Colaborador do SUS: Avaliação de Tecnologias e Excelencia em Saude, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Pontificia Universidade Catolica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luciana W Zuccherato
- Instituto Mário Penna, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Kenneth J Gollob
- Instituto Mário Penna, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
- Translational Immuno-Oncology Lab, Education and Research Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- Center for Research in Immuno-Oncology (CRIO), Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- Center for Research in Immuno-Oncology (CRIO), Translational Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, 62705652-900, Brazil.
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32
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Canel M, Sławińska AD, Lonergan DW, Kallor AA, Upstill-Goddard R, Davidson C, von Kriegsheim A, Biankin AV, Byron A, Alfaro J, Serrels A. FAK suppresses antigen processing and presentation to promote immune evasion in pancreatic cancer. Gut 2023; 73:131-155. [PMID: 36977556 PMCID: PMC10715489 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Immunotherapy for the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has shown limited efficacy. Poor CD8 T-cell infiltration, low neoantigen load and a highly immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment contribute to this lack of response. Here, we aimed to further investigate the immunoregulatory function of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in PDAC, with specific emphasis on regulation of the type-II interferon response that is critical in promoting T-cell tumour recognition and effective immunosurveillance. DESIGN We combined CRISPR, proteogenomics and transcriptomics with mechanistic experiments using a KrasG12Dp53R172H mouse model of pancreatic cancer and validated findings using proteomic analysis of human patient-derived PDAC cell lines and analysis of publicly available human PDAC transcriptomics datasets. RESULTS Loss of PDAC cell-intrinsic FAK signalling promotes expression of the immunoproteasome and Major Histocompatibility Complex class-I (MHC-I), resulting in increased antigen diversity and antigen presentation by FAK-/- PDAC cells. Regulation of the immunoproteasome by FAK is a critical determinant of this response, optimising the physicochemical properties of the peptide repertoire for high affinity binding to MHC-I. Expression of these pathways can be further amplified in a STAT1-dependent manner via co-depletion of FAK and STAT3, resulting in extensive infiltration of tumour-reactive CD8 T-cells and further restraint of tumour growth. FAK-dependent regulation of antigen processing and presentation is conserved between mouse and human PDAC, but is lost in cells/tumours with an extreme squamous phenotype. CONCLUSION Therapies aimed at FAK degradation may unlock additional therapeutic benefit for the treatment of PDAC through increasing antigen diversity and promoting antigen presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Canel
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - David W Lonergan
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ashwin Adrian Kallor
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Rosie Upstill-Goddard
- The Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Catherine Davidson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alex von Kriegsheim
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew V Biankin
- The Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Adam Byron
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Javier Alfaro
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Alan Serrels
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Wang J, Ford JC, Mitra AK. Defining the Role of Metastasis-Initiating Cells in Promoting Carcinogenesis in Ovarian Cancer. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1492. [PMID: 38132318 PMCID: PMC10740540 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological malignancy with a high prevalence of transcoelomic metastasis. Metastasis is a multi-step process and only a small percentage of cancer cells, metastasis-initiating cells (MICs), have the capacity to finally establish metastatic lesions. These MICs maintain a certain level of stemness that allows them to differentiate into other cell types with distinct transcriptomic profiles and swiftly adapt to external stresses. Furthermore, they can coordinate with the microenvironment, through reciprocal interactions, to invade and establish metastases. Therefore, identifying, characterizing, and targeting MICs is a promising strategy to counter the spread of ovarian cancer. In this review, we provided an overview of OC MICs in the context of characterization, identification through cell surface markers, and their interactions with the metastatic niche to promote metastatic colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wang
- Indiana University School of Medicine-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (J.W.); (J.C.F.)
- Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - James C. Ford
- Indiana University School of Medicine-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (J.W.); (J.C.F.)
| | - Anirban K. Mitra
- Indiana University School of Medicine-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (J.W.); (J.C.F.)
- Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Acharya S, Kumari S. Actin' off: PD-1 suppresses F-actin rearrangement and degranulation at the immunological synapse. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadl3956. [PMID: 38015912 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adl3956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death molecule 1 (PD-1) is a negative regulator of T cell activation; however, the mechanisms by which it acts are unclear. In this issue of Science Signaling, Paillon et al. show that PD-1 inhibits actin cytoskeletal rearrangements and associated effector responses in cytotoxic T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayanti Acharya
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sudha Kumari
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
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35
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Miłek O, Tur D, Ahčin L, Voitseshyna O, Behm C, Andrukhov O. Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stromal Cells Influences Their Immunosuppressive Potential toward Allogenic CD4 + T Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16439. [PMID: 38003629 PMCID: PMC10671619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The differentiation ability of human periodontal ligament mesenchymal stromal cells (hPDL-MSCs) in vivo is limited; therefore, some studies considered strategies involving their pre-differentiation in vitro. However, it is not known how the differentiation of hPDL-MSCs influences their immunomodulatory properties. This study investigated how osteogenic differentiation of hPDL-MSCs affects their ability to suppress CD4+ T-lymphocyte proliferation. hPDL-MSCs were cultured for 21 days in osteogenic differentiation or standard culture media. Allogeneic CD4+ T lymphocytes were co-cultured with undifferentiated and differentiated cells in the presence or absence of interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-1β or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and their proliferation and apoptosis were measured. Additionally, the effects of these cytokines on the expression of immunomodulatory or pro-inflammatory factors were investigated. Our data show that osteogenic differentiation of hPDL-MSCs reduced their ability to suppress the proliferation of CD4+ T lymphocytes in the presence of IFN-γ and enhanced this ability in the presence of IL-1β. These changes were accompanied by a slightly decreased proportion of apoptotic CD4+ in the presence of IFN-γ. The osteogenic differentiation was accompanied by decreases and increases in the activity of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase in the presence of IFN-γ and IL-1β, respectively. The basal production of interleukin-8 by hPDL-MSCs was substantially increased upon osteogenic differentiation. In conclusion, this study suggests that pre-differentiation strategies in vitro may impact the immunomodulatory properties of hPDL-MSCs and subsequently affect their therapeutic effectiveness in vivo. These findings provide important insights for the development of MSC-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliwia Miłek
- Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (O.M.); (L.A.); (O.V.)
| | - Dino Tur
- Clinical Division of Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Lucia Ahčin
- Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (O.M.); (L.A.); (O.V.)
| | - Olha Voitseshyna
- Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (O.M.); (L.A.); (O.V.)
| | - Christian Behm
- Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (O.M.); (L.A.); (O.V.)
| | - Oleh Andrukhov
- Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (O.M.); (L.A.); (O.V.)
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Mamat @ Yusof MN, Chew KT, Kampan NC, Shafiee MN. Expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in Endometrial Cancer: Molecular and Clinical Significance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15233. [PMID: 37894913 PMCID: PMC10607163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The landscape of diagnosing and treating endometrial cancer is undergoing a profound transformation due to the integration of molecular analysis and innovative therapeutic approaches. For several decades, the cornerstone treatments for endometrial cancer have included surgical resection, cytotoxic chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and radiation therapy. However, in recent years, the concept of personalised medicine has gained momentum, reshaping the way clinicians approach cancer treatment. Tailoring treatments based on specific biomarkers has evolved into a standard practice in both initial and recurrent therapy protocols. This review aims to provide an in-depth exploration of the current state of molecular analysis and treatment strategies in the context of endometrial cancer, focusing on the immunological aspect of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. Furthermore, it seeks to shed light on emerging and innovative approaches that hold promise for the future modulation of endometrial cancer treatments. In essence, as researchers delve into the complex molecular landscape of endometrial cancer and harness the understanding of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, we are paving the way for more targeted, effective, and personalised therapies that have the potential to significantly improve the outcomes and quality of life for patients with this challenging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mohamad Nasir Shafiee
- Gynaecologic-Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Confino H, Sela Y, Epshtein Y, Malka L, Goldshtein M, Chaisson S, Lisi S, Avniel A, Monson JM, Dirbas FM. Intratumoral Administration of High-Concentration Nitric Oxide and Anti-mPD-1 Treatment Improves Tumor Regression Rates and Survival in CT26 Tumor-Bearing Mice. Cells 2023; 12:2439. [PMID: 37887283 PMCID: PMC10605471 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors have transformed clinical oncology. However, their use is limited as response is observed in only ~20-50% of patients. Previously, we demonstrated that treating CT26 tumor-bearing mice with ultra-high-concentration gaseous nitric oxide (UNO) followed by tumor resection stimulated antitumor immune responses. Accordingly, UNO may improve tumor response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Here, we investigated the ability of UNO to improve the efficacy of a programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) antibody in vitro and in treating CT26 tumor-bearing mice. METHODS CT26 cells were injected into the flank of Balb/c mice (n = 15-16 per group). On day 6, CT26 cells were injected into the contralateral flank, and anti-mPD-1 injections commenced. Primary tumors were treated with intratumoral UNO on day 8. Tumor volume, response rates, toxicity, and survival were monitored. RESULTS (1) Short exposure to 25,000-100,000 parts per million (ppm) UNO in vitro resulted in significant upregulation of PD-L1 expression on CT26 cells. (2) UNO treatment in vivo consistently reduced cell viability in CT26 tumors. (3) Treatment reduced regulatory T-cell (Treg) levels in the tumor and increased levels of systemic M1 macrophages. UNO responders had increased CD8+ T-cell tumor infiltration. (4) Nine days after treatment, primary tumor growth was significantly lower in the combination arm vs. anti-mPD-1 alone (p = 0.0005). (5) Complete tumor regression occurred in 8/15 (53%) of mice treated with a combination of 10 min UNO and anti-mPD-1, 100 days post-treatment, compared to 4/16 (25%) of controls treated with anti-mPD-1 alone (p = 0.1489). (6) There was no toxicity associated with UNO treatment. (7) Combination treatment showed a trend toward increased survival 100 days post-treatment compared to anti-mPD-1 alone (p = 0.0653). CONCLUSION Combining high-concentration NO and immune checkpoint inhibitors warrants further assessment especially in tumors resistant to checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hila Confino
- Beyond Cancer, Rehovot 7608801, Israel; (Y.S.); (Y.E.); (L.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Yogev Sela
- Beyond Cancer, Rehovot 7608801, Israel; (Y.S.); (Y.E.); (L.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Yana Epshtein
- Beyond Cancer, Rehovot 7608801, Israel; (Y.S.); (Y.E.); (L.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Lidor Malka
- Beyond Cancer, Rehovot 7608801, Israel; (Y.S.); (Y.E.); (L.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Matan Goldshtein
- Beyond Cancer, Rehovot 7608801, Israel; (Y.S.); (Y.E.); (L.M.); (M.G.)
| | | | - Steve Lisi
- Beyond Air, Garden City, NY 11530, USA; (S.L.); (A.A.)
| | - Amir Avniel
- Beyond Air, Garden City, NY 11530, USA; (S.L.); (A.A.)
- Beyond Air Inc., Rehovot 7608801, Israel
| | - Jedidiah Mercer Monson
- Beyond Cancer, Atlanta, GA 30305, USA; (S.C.); (J.M.M.)
- California Cancer Associates for Research and Excellence, Fresno, CA 93720, USA
| | - Frederick M. Dirbas
- Department of General Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304, USA;
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Panayi C, Akarca AU, Ramsay AD, Shankar AG, Falini B, Piris MA, Linch D, Marafioti T. Microenvironmental immune cell alterations across the spectrum of nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma and T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1267604. [PMID: 37854674 PMCID: PMC10579566 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1267604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The clinicopathological spectrum of nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL), also known as nodular lymphocyte predominant B-cell lymphoma, partially overlaps with T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma (THRLCBL). NLPHL histology may vary in architecture and B-cell/T-cell composition of the tumour microenvironment. However, the immune cell phenotypes accompanying different histological patterns remain poorly characterised. Methods We applied a multiplexed immunofluorescence workflow to identify differential expansion/depletion of multiple microenvironmental immune cell phenotypes between cases of NLPHL showing different histological patterns (as described by Fan et al, 2003) and cases of THRLBCL. Results FOXP3-expressing T-regulatory cells were conspicuously depleted across all NLPHL cases. As histology progressed to variant Fan patterns C and E of NLPHL and to THRLBCL, there were progressive expansions of cytotoxic granzyme-B-expressing natural killer and CD8-positive T-cells, PD1-expressing CD8-positive T-cells, and CD163-positive macrophages including a PDL1-expressing subset. These occurred in parallel to depletion of NKG2A-expressing natural killer and CD8-positive T-cells. Discussion These findings provide new insights on the immunoregulatory mechanisms involved in NLPHL and THLRBCL pathogenesis, and are supportive of an increasingly proposed biological continuum between these two lymphomas. Additionally, the findings may help establish new biomarkers of high-risk disease, which could support a novel therapeutic program of immune checkpoint interruption targeting the PD1:PDL1 and/or NKG2A:HLA-E axes in the management of high-risk NLPHL and THRLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Panayi
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ayse U. Akarca
- University College London (UCL) Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alan D. Ramsay
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ananth G. Shankar
- Children and Young People’s Cancer Services, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Brunangelo Falini
- Institute of Hematology and Center for Haemato-Oncological Research (CREO), University of Perugia and Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Miguel A. Piris
- Pathology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Linch
- Research Department of Haematology, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Marafioti
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- University College London (UCL) Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Abdelbary M, Nolz JC. N-linked glycans: an underappreciated key determinant of T cell development, activation, and function. IMMUNOMETABOLISM (COBHAM, SURREY) 2023; 5:e00035. [PMID: 38027254 PMCID: PMC10662610 DOI: 10.1097/in9.0000000000000035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
N-linked glycosylation is a post-translational modification that results in the decoration of newly synthesized proteins with diverse types of oligosaccharides that originate from the amide group of the amino acid asparagine. The sequential and collective action of multiple glycosidases and glycosyltransferases are responsible for determining the overall size, composition, and location of N-linked glycans that become covalently linked to an asparagine during and after protein translation. A growing body of evidence supports the critical role of N-linked glycan synthesis in regulating many features of T cell biology, including thymocyte development and tolerance, as well as T cell activation and differentiation. Here, we provide an overview of how specific glycosidases and glycosyltransferases contribute to the generation of different types of N-linked glycans and how these post-translational modifications ultimately regulate multiple facets of T cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abdelbary
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jeffrey C. Nolz
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Anderson TS, McCormick AL, Daugherity EA, Oladejo M, Okpalanwaka IF, Smith SL, Appiah D, Wood LM, Lowe DB. Listeria-based vaccination against the pericyte antigen RGS5 elicits anti-vascular effects and colon cancer protection. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2260620. [PMID: 37781234 PMCID: PMC10540654 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2260620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality despite efforts to improve standard interventions. As CRC patients can benefit from immunotherapeutic strategies that incite effector T cell action, cancer vaccines represent a safe and promising therapeutic approach to elicit protective and durable immune responses against components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this study, we investigate the pre-clinical potential of a Listeria monocytogenes (Lm)-based vaccine targeting the CRC-associated vasculature. CRC survival and progression are reliant on functioning blood vessels to effectively mediate various metabolic processes and oxygenate underlying tissues. We, therefore, advance the strategy of initiating immunity in syngeneic mouse models against the endogenous pericyte antigen RGS5, which is a critical mediator of pathological vascularization. Overall, Lm-based vaccination safely induced potent anti-tumor effects that consisted of recruiting functional Type-1-associated T cells into the TME and reducing tumor blood vessel content. This study underscores the promising clinical potential of targeting RGS5 against vascularized tumors like CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor S. Anderson
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX, USA
| | - Amanda L. McCormick
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Daugherity
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX, USA
| | - Mariam Oladejo
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX, USA
| | - Izuchukwu F. Okpalanwaka
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX, USA
| | - Savanna L. Smith
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX, USA
| | - Duke Appiah
- Department of Public Health, School of Population and Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Laurence M. Wood
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX, USA
| | - Devin B. Lowe
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX, USA
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Angelico G, Broggi G, Tinnirello G, Puzzo L, Vecchio GM, Salvatorelli L, Memeo L, Santoro A, Farina J, Mulé A, Magro G, Caltabiano R. Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILS) and PD-L1 Expression in Breast Cancer: A Review of Current Evidence and Prognostic Implications from Pathologist's Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4479. [PMID: 37760449 PMCID: PMC10526828 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rise of novel immunotherapies able to stimulate the antitumor immune response, increasing literature concerning the immunogenicity of breast cancer has been published in recent years. Numerous clinical studies have been conducted in order to identify novel biomarkers that could reflect the immunogenicity of BC and predict response to immunotherapy. In this regard, TILs have emerged as an important immunological biomarker related to the antitumor immune response in BC. TILs are more frequently observed in triple-negative breast cancer and HER2+ subtypes, where increased TIL levels have been linked to a better response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and improved survival. PD-L1 is a type 1 transmembrane protein ligand expressed on T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and antigen-presenting cells and is considered a key inhibitory checkpoint involved in cancer immune regulation. PD-L1 immunohistochemical expression in breast cancer is observed in about 10-30% of cases and is extremely variable based on tumor stage and molecular subtypes. Briefly, TNBC shows the highest percentage of PD-L1 positivity, followed by HER2+ tumors. On the other hand, PD-L1 is rarely expressed (0-10% of cases) in hormone-receptor-positive BC. The prognostic role of PD-L1 expression in BC is still controversial since different immunohistochemistry (IHC) clones, cut-off points, and scoring systems have been utilized across published studies. In the present paper, an extensive review of the current knowledge of the immune landscape of BC is provided. TILS and PD-L1 expression across different BC subtypes are discussed, providing a guide for their pathological assessment and reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Angelico
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.B.); (G.T.); (L.P.); (G.M.V.); (L.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Broggi
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.B.); (G.T.); (L.P.); (G.M.V.); (L.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Giordana Tinnirello
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.B.); (G.T.); (L.P.); (G.M.V.); (L.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Lidia Puzzo
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.B.); (G.T.); (L.P.); (G.M.V.); (L.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Giada Maria Vecchio
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.B.); (G.T.); (L.P.); (G.M.V.); (L.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Lucia Salvatorelli
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.B.); (G.T.); (L.P.); (G.M.V.); (L.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Catania, Italy;
| | - Angela Santoro
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Jessica Farina
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.B.); (G.T.); (L.P.); (G.M.V.); (L.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Antonino Mulé
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Gaetano Magro
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.B.); (G.T.); (L.P.); (G.M.V.); (L.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Rosario Caltabiano
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.B.); (G.T.); (L.P.); (G.M.V.); (L.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (R.C.)
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Bandara V, Foeng J, Gundsambuu B, Norton TS, Napoli S, McPeake DJ, Tyllis TS, Rohani-Rad E, Abbott C, Mills SJ, Tan LY, Thompson EJ, Willet VM, Nikitaras VJ, Zheng J, Comerford I, Johnson A, Coombs J, Oehler MK, Ricciardelli C, Cowin AJ, Bonder CS, Jensen M, Sadlon TJ, McColl SR, Barry SC. Pre-clinical validation of a pan-cancer CAR-T cell immunotherapy targeting nfP2X7. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5546. [PMID: 37684239 PMCID: PMC10491676 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41338-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell immunotherapy is a novel treatment that genetically modifies the patients' own T cells to target and kill malignant cells. However, identification of tumour-specific antigens expressed on multiple solid cancer types, remains a major challenge. P2X purinoceptor 7 (P2X7) is a cell surface expressed ATP gated cation channel, and a dysfunctional version of P2X7, named nfP2X7, has been identified on cancer cells from multiple tissues, while being undetectable on healthy cells. We present a prototype -human CAR-T construct targeting nfP2X7 showing potential antigen-specific cytotoxicity against twelve solid cancer types (breast, prostate, lung, colorectal, brain and skin). In xenograft mouse models of breast and prostate cancer, CAR-T cells targeting nfP2X7 exhibit robust anti-tumour efficacy. These data indicate that nfP2X7 is a suitable immunotherapy target because of its broad expression on human tumours. CAR-T cells targeting nfP2X7 have potential as a wide-spectrum cancer immunotherapy for solid tumours in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Bandara
- Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Jade Foeng
- Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Batjargal Gundsambuu
- Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Todd S Norton
- Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Silvana Napoli
- Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Dylan J McPeake
- Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Timona S Tyllis
- Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Elaheh Rohani-Rad
- Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Caitlin Abbott
- Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Stuart J Mills
- University of South Australia, STEM (Future Industries Institute) SA, Adelaide, 5095, Australia
| | - Lih Y Tan
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Emma J Thompson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Vasiliki M Willet
- Reproductive Cancer Research Group, Discipline Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Victoria J Nikitaras
- Reproductive Cancer Research Group, Discipline Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Jieren Zheng
- Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Iain Comerford
- Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Adam Johnson
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Justin Coombs
- Carina Biotech, Level 2 Innovation & Collaboration Centre, UniSA Bradley Building, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Martin K Oehler
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Carmela Ricciardelli
- Reproductive Cancer Research Group, Discipline Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Allison J Cowin
- University of South Australia, STEM (Future Industries Institute) SA, Adelaide, 5095, Australia
| | - Claudine S Bonder
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Michael Jensen
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Timothy J Sadlon
- Department of Gastroenterology, Women's and Children's Health Network, North Adelaide, SA, 5006, Australia
| | - Shaun R McColl
- Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
- Carina Biotech, Level 2 Innovation & Collaboration Centre, UniSA Bradley Building, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Simon C Barry
- Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
- Carina Biotech, Level 2 Innovation & Collaboration Centre, UniSA Bradley Building, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Women's and Children's Health Network, North Adelaide, SA, 5006, Australia.
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Susukida T, Sasaki SI, Shirayanagi T, Aoki S, Ito K, Hayakawa Y. Drug-induced altered self-presentation increases tumor immunogenicity. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115241. [PMID: 37523987 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug abacavir (ABC) binds to the specific allele of human leukocyte antigen (HLA-B*57:01) and activates CD8+ T cells by presenting altered abnormal peptides. Here, we examined the effect of ABC-induced altered self-presentation by HLA-B*57:01 on immunogenicity of cancer cells and CD8+ T-cell-dependent anti-tumor immunity. We established human-mouse chimeric HLA-B*57:01-expressing tumor cell lines (B16F10 and 3LL) and tested the anti-tumor effect of ABC in vivo. ABC treatment inhibited the growth of HLA-B*57:01-expressing tumors by a CD8+ T-cell-dependent mechanism. ABC treatment induced CXCR3-dependent infiltration of CD8+ T cells into HLA-B*57:01-expressing tumors, and activated those tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells to proliferate and secrete IFN-γ. The activation of CD8+ T cells using drug-induced altered self-presentation may be a new strategy to increase tumor immunogenicity and improve the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Susukida
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Immunology, Section of Host Defences, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - So-Ichiro Sasaki
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Immunology, Section of Host Defences, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Shirayanagi
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigeki Aoki
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kousei Ito
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hayakawa
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Immunology, Section of Host Defences, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
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Gruden E, Kienzl M, Hasenoehrl C, Sarsembayeva A, Ristic D, Schmid ST, Maitz K, Taschler U, Hahnefeld L, Gurke R, Thomas D, Kargl J, Schicho R. Tumor microenvironment-derived monoacylglycerol lipase provokes tumor-specific immune responses and lipid profiles. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2023; 196:102585. [PMID: 37573716 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
We recently described that monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) is present in the tumor microenvironment (TME), increasing tumor growth. In this study we compare the implications of MGL deficiency in the TME in different tumor types. We show that subcutaneous injection of KP (KrasLSL-G12D/p53fl/fl, mouse lung adenocarcinoma) or B16-F10 cells (mouse melanoma) induced tumor growth in MGL wild type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice. MGL deficiency in the TME attenuated the growth of KP cell tumors whereas tumors from B16-F10 cells increased in size. Opposite immune cell profiles were detected between the two tumor types in MGL KO mice. In line with their anti-tumorigenic function, the number of CD8+ effector T cells and eosinophils increased in KP cell tumors of MGL KO vs. WT mice whereas their presence was reduced in B16-F10 cell tumors of MGL KO mice. Differences were seen in lipid profiles between the investigated tumor types. 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) content significantly increased in KP, but not B16-F10 cell tumors of MGL KO vs. WT mice while other endocannabinoid-related lipids remained unchanged. However, profiles of phospho- and lysophospholipids, sphingomyelins and fatty acids in KP cell tumors were clearly distinct to those measured in B16-F10 cell tumors. Our data indicate that TME-localized MGL impacts tumor growth, as well as levels of 2-AG and other lipids in a tumor specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Gruden
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Melanie Kienzl
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Carina Hasenoehrl
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Arailym Sarsembayeva
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Dusica Ristic
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Sophie Theresa Schmid
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Kathrin Maitz
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Ulrike Taschler
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lisa Hahnefeld
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Robert Gurke
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Julia Kargl
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf Schicho
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
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45
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Huang SM, Jeng LB, Shyu WC, Chen HY. Combination treatment of pembrolizumab with DC-CIK cell therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2023; 13:57-62. [PMID: 37937058 PMCID: PMC10627209 DOI: 10.37796/2211-8039.1414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising method for advanced HCC treatment. There are several clinical trials and meta-analyses of immune checkpoint inhibitors and immune cell therapy, but clinical evidence on the combination of these two therapies is lacking. Case description A 66-year-old man with chronic hepatitis B-related cirrhosis complained of acute abdominal pain in an emergency department of a hospital. On exams, there was a palpable mass in the right upper quadrant of his abdomen. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography showed a large tumor in the right lobe, 13 cm × 17 cm in size, and right portal vein thrombosis. The alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level was 30,905 mg/dL. Therefore this patient was diagnosed with BCLC stage C hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). He underwent trans-arterial chemo-embolization (TACE), abdominal radiotherapy, nivolumab, and lenvatinib. His disease had been under control until two years later, the disease progressed with multiple lung metastases, and his AFP level rose from around 1000 to 17,000 ng/ml. At this stage, he underwent new combination immunotherapy in January 2022. He used pembrolizumab (100 mg) first, and the AFP level decreased by 600 ng/ml daily. Then he received DC-CIK cell therapy two weeks after using pembrolizumab, and the AFP level declined to 900 ng/ml a day. Unfortunately, severe pneumonitis and tension pneumothorax developed after therapy. The patient denied undergoing further treatment and expired peacefully. Conclusion The previous in-vivo study found that combination immunotherapy can improve tumor control in the mice model. Besides, in previous clinical studies, the level of AFP may be a surrogate marker of tumor response. Therefore we thought the more rapidly declined level of AFP was the clinical evidence of the synergistic effect of checkpoint inhibitors combined with cell therapy in HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Long-Bin Jeng
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung,
Taiwan
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Drug Development Center and Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung,
Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science and Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung,
Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taichung,
Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yao Chen
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung,
Taiwan
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46
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Gadwa J, Amann M, Bickett TE, Knitz MW, Darragh LB, Piper M, Van Court B, Bukkapatnam S, Pham TT, Wang XJ, Saviola AJ, Deak LC, Umaña P, Klein C, D'Alessandro A, Karam SD. Selective targeting of IL2Rβγ combined with radiotherapy triggers CD8- and NK-mediated immunity, abrogating metastasis in HNSCC. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101150. [PMID: 37586327 PMCID: PMC10439274 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of cancer immunotherapies has seen limited clinical success in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Interleukin-2 (IL-2), which modulates the survival and functionality of lymphocytes, is an attractive target for new immunotherapies but one that is limited by presence of regulatory T cells (Tregs) expressing the high-affinity IL-2Rα. The bispecific immunocytokine PD1-IL2v preferentially delivers IL-2 signaling through IL-2Rβγ on PD-1-expressing cells. Selectively targeting the intermediate-affinity IL-2Rβγ can be leveraged to induce anti-tumor immune responses in effector T cells and natural killer (NK) cells while limiting the negative regulation of IL-2Rα activation on Tregs. Using radiation therapy (RT) in combination with PD1-IL2v improves local tumor control and survival, and controls metastatic spread in orthotopic HNSCC tumor models. PD1-IL2v drives systemic activation and expansion of circulating and tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic T cells and NK cells while limiting Treg-mediated immunosuppression. These data show that PD1-L2v induces durable systemic tumor control in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Gadwa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Maria Amann
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Thomas E Bickett
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Michael W Knitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Laurel B Darragh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Miles Piper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Benjamin Van Court
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sanjana Bukkapatnam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Tiffany T Pham
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Anthony J Saviola
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Laura Codarri Deak
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Pablo Umaña
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Christian Klein
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sana D Karam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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47
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Castillo DR, Jeon WJ, Park D, Pham B, Yang C, Joung B, Moon JH, Lee J, Chong EG, Park K, Reeves ME, Duerksen-Hughes P, Mirshahidi HR, Mirshahidi S. Comprehensive Review: Unveiling the Pro-Oncogenic Roles of IL-1ß and PD-1/PD-L1 in NSCLC Development and Targeting Their Pathways for Clinical Management. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11547. [PMID: 37511306 PMCID: PMC10380530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, targeted therapies for solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), have advanced significantly, offering tailored treatment options for patients. However, individuals without targetable mutations pose a clinical challenge, as they may not respond to standard treatments like immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and novel targeted therapies. While the mechanism of action of ICIs seems promising, the lack of a robust response limits their widespread use. Although the expression levels of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) on tumor cells are used to predict ICI response, identifying new biomarkers, particularly those associated with the tumor microenvironment (TME), is crucial to address this unmet need. Recently, inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) have emerged as a key area of focus and hold significant potential implications for future clinical practice. Combinatorial approaches of IL-1β inhibitors and ICIs may provide a potential therapeutic modality for NSCLC patients without targetable mutations. Recent advancements in our understanding of the intricate relationship between inflammation and oncogenesis, particularly involving the IL-1β/PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, have shed light on their application in lung cancer development and clinical outcomes of patients. Targeting these pathways in cancers like NSCLC holds immense potential to revolutionize cancer treatment, particularly for patients lacking targetable genetic mutations. However, despite these promising prospects, there remain certain aspects of this pathway that require further investigation, particularly regarding treatment resistance. Therefore, the objective of this review is to delve into the role of IL-1β in NSCLC, its participation in inflammatory pathways, and its intricate crosstalk with the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. Additionally, we aim to explore the potential of IL-1β as a therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dani Ran Castillo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (D.R.C.); (E.G.C.); (M.E.R.); (H.R.M.)
| | - Won Jin Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (W.J.J.); (B.P.); (B.J.); (J.H.M.)
| | - Daniel Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of San Francisco-Fresno, Fresno, CA 93701, USA;
| | - Bryan Pham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (W.J.J.); (B.P.); (B.J.); (J.H.M.)
| | - Chieh Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
| | - Bowon Joung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (W.J.J.); (B.P.); (B.J.); (J.H.M.)
| | - Jin Hyun Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (W.J.J.); (B.P.); (B.J.); (J.H.M.)
| | - Jae Lee
- School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA;
| | - Esther G. Chong
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (D.R.C.); (E.G.C.); (M.E.R.); (H.R.M.)
| | - Kiwon Park
- Department of Pharmacy, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA;
| | - Mark E. Reeves
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (D.R.C.); (E.G.C.); (M.E.R.); (H.R.M.)
| | - Penelope Duerksen-Hughes
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medicine & Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA;
| | - Hamid R. Mirshahidi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (D.R.C.); (E.G.C.); (M.E.R.); (H.R.M.)
| | - Saied Mirshahidi
- Biospecimen Laboratory, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Medicine & Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda 92350, CA, USA
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Wang YN, Lee HH, Jiang Z, Chan LC, Hortobagyi GN, Yu D, Hung MC. Ribonuclease 1 Enhances Antitumor Immunity against Breast Cancer by Boosting T cell Activation. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:2957-2973. [PMID: 37416781 PMCID: PMC10321278 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.84592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The secretory enzyme human ribonuclease 1 (RNase1) is involved in innate immunity and anti-inflammation, achieving host defense and anti-cancer effects; however, whether RNase1 contributes to adaptive immune response in the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains unclear. Here, we established a syngeneic immunocompetent mouse model in breast cancer and demonstrated that ectopic RNase1 expression significantly inhibited tumor progression. Overall changes in immunological profiles in the mouse tumors were analyzed by mass cytometry and showed that the RNase1-expressing tumor cells significantly induced CD4+ Th1 and Th17 cells and natural killer cells and reduced granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells, supporting that RNase1 favors an antitumor TME. Specifically, RNase1 increased expression of T cell activation marker CD69 in a CD4+ T cell subset. Notably, analysis of cancer-killing potential revealed that T cell-mediated antitumor immunity was enhanced by RNase1, which further collaborated with an EGFR-CD3 bispecific antibody to protect against breast cancer cells across molecular subtypes. Our results uncover a tumor-suppressive role of RNase1 through adaptive immune response in breast cancer in vivo and in vitro, providing a potential treatment strategy of combining RNase1 with cancer immunotherapies for immunocompetent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Nai Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Heng-Huan Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhou Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Li-Chuan Chan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gabriel N. Hortobagyi
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dihua Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Center for Cancer Biology, Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan
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49
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Jiang H, Shin DH, Yi Y, Fan X, Gumin J, He J, Gillard AG, Lang FF, Gomez-Manzano C, Fueyo J. Adjuvant Therapy with Oncolytic Adenovirus Delta-24-RGDOX After Intratumoral Adoptive T-cell Therapy Promotes Antigen Spread to Sustain Systemic Antitumor Immunity. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1118-1131. [PMID: 37379361 PMCID: PMC10295804 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cell heterogeneity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) pose a challenge in treating solid tumors with adoptive cell therapies targeting limited tumor-associated antigens (TAA), such as chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. We hypothesize that oncolytic adenovirus Delta-24-RGDOX activates the TME and promote antigen spread to potentiate the abscopal effect of adoptive TAA-targeting T cells in localized intratumoral treatment. Herein, we used C57BL/6 mouse models with disseminated tumors derived from B16 melanoma cell lines to assess therapeutic effects and antitumor immunity. gp100-specific pmel-1 or ovalbumin (OVA)-specific OT-I T cells were injected into the first subcutaneous tumor, followed by three injections of Delta-24-RGDOX. We found TAA-targeting T cells injected into one subcutaneous tumor showed tumor tropism. Delta-24-RGDOX sustained the systemic tumor regression mediated by the T cells, leading to improved survival rate. Further analysis revealed that, in mice with disseminated B16-OVA tumors, Delta-24-RGDOX increased CD8+ leukocyte density within treated and untreated tumors. Importantly, Delta-24-RGDOX significantly reduced the immunosuppression of endogenous OVA-specific CTLs while increasing that of CD8+ leukocytes and, to a lesser extent, adoptive pmel-1 T cells. Consequently, Delta-24-RGDOX drastically increased the density of the OVA-specific CTLs in both tumors, and the combination synergistically enhanced the effect. Consistently, the splenocytes from the combination group showed a significantly stronger response against other TAAs (OVA and TRP2) than gp100, resulted in higher activity against tumor cells. Therefore, our data demonstrate that, as an adjuvant therapy followed TAA-targeting T cells in localized treatment, Delta-24-RGDOX activates TME and promotes antigen spread, leading to efficacious systemic antitumor immunity to overcome tumor relapse. Significance Adjuvant therapy with oncolytic viruses promotes antigen spread to potentiate localized intratumoral adoptive T-cell therapy with limited TAA targets, leading to sustainable systemic antitumor immunity to overcome tumor relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jiang
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Dong Ho Shin
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yanhua Yi
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xuejun Fan
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Joy Gumin
- Department of Neuro-Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jiasen He
- Pediatric division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Andrew G. Gillard
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Frederick F. Lang
- Department of Neuro-Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Juan Fueyo
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Du F, Yang LH, Liu J, Wang J, Fan L, Duangmano S, Liu H, Liu M, Wang J, Zhong X, Zhang Z, Wang F. The role of mitochondria in the resistance of melanoma to PD-1 inhibitors. J Transl Med 2023; 21:345. [PMID: 37221594 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04200-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is one of the most common tumours and has the highest mortality rate of all types of skin cancers worldwide. Traditional and novel therapeutic approaches, including surgery, targeted therapy and immunotherapy, have shown good efficacy in the treatment of melanoma. At present, the mainstay of treatment for melanoma is immunotherapy combined with other treatment strategies. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD-1 inhibitors, are not particularly effective in the clinical treatment of patients with melanoma. Changes in mitochondrial function may affect the development of melanoma and the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors. To elucidate the role of mitochondria in the resistance of melanoma to PD-1 inhibitors, this review comprehensively summarises the role of mitochondria in the occurrence and development of melanoma, targets related to the function of mitochondria in melanoma cells and changes in mitochondrial function in different cells in melanoma resistant to PD-1 inhibitors. This review may help to develop therapeutic strategies for improving the clinical response rate of PD-1 inhibitors and prolonging the survival of patients by activating mitochondrial function in tumour and T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Du
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Han Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianpeng Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Suwit Duangmano
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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