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Xu Z, Xu R. Current potential diagnostic biomarkers of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Rev Neurosci 2024; 0:revneuro-2024-0037. [PMID: 38976599 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2024-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) currently lacks the useful diagnostic biomarkers. The current diagnosis of ALS is mainly depended on the clinical manifestations, which contributes to the diagnostic delay and be difficult to make the accurate diagnosis at the early stage of ALS, and hinders the clinical early therapeutics. The more and more pathogenesis of ALS are found at the last 30 years, including excitotoxicity, the oxidative stress, the mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, the altered energy metabolism, the RNA misprocessing and the most recent neuroimaging findings. The findings of these pathogenesis bring the new clues for searching the diagnostic biomarkers of ALS. At present, a large number of relevant studies about the diagnostic biomarkers are underway. The ALS pathogenesis related to the diagnostic biomarkers might lessen the diagnostic reliance on the clinical manifestations. Among them, the cortical altered signatures of ALS patients derived from both structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging and the emerging proteomic biomarkers of neuronal loss and glial activation in the cerebrospinal fluid as well as the potential biomarkers in blood, serum, urine, and saliva are leading a new phase of biomarkers. Here, we reviewed these current potential diagnostic biomarkers of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheqi Xu
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang 330006, China
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Renshi Xu
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang 330006, China
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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2
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Niccolai E, Pedone M, Martinelli I, Nannini G, Baldi S, Simonini C, Di Gloria L, Zucchi E, Ramazzotti M, Spezia PG, Maggi F, Quaranta G, Masucci L, Bartolucci G, Stingo FC, Mandrioli J, Amedei A. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis stratification: unveiling patterns with virome, inflammation, and metabolism molecules. J Neurol 2024; 271:4310-4325. [PMID: 38644373 PMCID: PMC11233352 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12348-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an untreatable and clinically heterogeneous condition primarily affecting motor neurons. The ongoing quest for reliable biomarkers that mirror the disease status and progression has led to investigations that extend beyond motor neurons' pathology, encompassing broader systemic factors such as metabolism, immunity, and the microbiome. Our study contributes to this effort by examining the potential role of microbiome-related components, including viral elements, such as torque tenovirus (TTV), and various inflammatory factors, in ALS. In our analysis of serum samples from 100 ALS patients and 34 healthy controls (HC), we evaluated 14 cytokines, TTV DNA load, and 18 free fatty acids (FFA). We found that the evaluated variables are effective in differentiating ALS patients from healthy controls. In addition, our research identifies four unique patient clusters, each characterized by distinct biological profiles. Intriguingly, no correlations were found with site of onset, sex, progression rate, phenotype, or C9ORF72 expansion. A remarkable aspect of our findings is the discovery of a gender-specific relationship between levels of 2-ethylhexanoic acid and patient survival. In addition to contributing to the growing body of evidence suggesting altered peripheral immune responses in ALS, our exploratory research underscores metabolic diversity challenging conventional clinical classifications. If our exploratory findings are validated by further research, they could significantly impact disease understanding and patient care customization. Identifying groups based on biological profiles might aid in clustering patients with varying responses to treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Pedone
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria Martinelli
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Nannini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Simone Baldi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Cecilia Simonini
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Leandro Di Gloria
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Zucchi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Matteo Ramazzotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pietro Giorgio Spezia
- Department of Translational Research, Retrovirus Center - University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Quaranta
- Department of Laboratory and Infectious Sciences, A. Gemelli University Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Masucci
- Department of Laboratory and Infectious Sciences, A. Gemelli University Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Claudio Stingo
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Di Modena, Modena, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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Zhang J, Cao W, Xie J, Pang C, Gao L, Zhu L, Li Y, Yu H, Du L, Fan D, Deng B. Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Insights from a Large-Scale Prospective Study. Ann Neurol 2024. [PMID: 38934512 DOI: 10.1002/ana.27019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although metabolic abnormalities are implicated in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases, their role in the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) remains a subject of controversy. We aimed to identify the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the risk of ALS. METHODS This study included 395,987 participants from the UK Biobank to investigate the relationship between MetS and ALS. Cox regression model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR). Stratified analyses were performed based on gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, and education level. Mediation analysis was conducted to explore potential mechanisms. RESULTS In this study, a total of 539 cases of ALS were recorded after a median follow-up of 13.7 years. Patients with MetS (defined harmonized) had a higher risk of developing ALS after adjusting for confounding factors (HR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.19-1.89). Specifically, hypertension and high triglycerides were linked to a higher risk of ALS (HR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.19-1.95; HR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.06-1.61, respectively). Moreover, the quantity of metabolic abnormalities showed significant results. Stratified analysis revealed that these associations are particularly significant in individuals with a BMI <25. These findings remained stable after sensitivity analysis. Notably, mediation analysis identified potential metabolites and metabolomic mediators, including alkaline phosphatase, cystatin C, γ-glutamyl transferase, saturated fatty acids to total fatty acids percentage, and omega-6 fatty acids to omega-3 fatty acids ratio. INTERPRETATION MetS exhibits a robust association with an increased susceptibility to ALS, particularly in individuals with a lower BMI. Furthermore, metabolites and metabolomics, as potential mediators, provide invaluable insights into the intricate biological mechanisms. ANN NEUROL 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Cancer Biomarker Discovery and Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wen Cao
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Health Commission/Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Xie
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyang Pang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lingfei Gao
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Luyi Zhu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yaojia Li
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lihuai Du
- College of Mathematics and Physics, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Health Commission/Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Binbin Deng
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Cancer Biomarker Discovery and Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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4
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Naruse H, Ishiura H, Esaki K, Mitsui J, Satake W, Greimel P, Shingai N, Machino Y, Kokubo Y, Hamaguchi H, Oda T, Ikkaku T, Yokota I, Takahashi Y, Suzuki Y, Matsukawa T, Goto J, Koh K, Takiyama Y, Morishita S, Yoshikawa T, Tsuji S, Toda T. SPTLC2 variants are associated with early-onset ALS and FTD due to aberrant sphingolipid synthesis. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2024; 11:946-957. [PMID: 38316966 PMCID: PMC11021611 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating, incurable neurodegenerative disease. A subset of ALS patients manifests with early-onset and complex clinical phenotypes. We aimed to elucidate the genetic basis of these cases to enhance our understanding of disease etiology and facilitate the development of targeted therapies. METHODS Our research commenced with an in-depth genetic and biochemical investigation of two specific families, each with a member diagnosed with early-onset ALS (onset age of <40 years). This involved whole-exome sequencing, trio analysis, protein structure analysis, and sphingolipid measurements. Subsequently, we expanded our analysis to 62 probands with early-onset ALS and further included 440 patients with adult-onset ALS and 1163 healthy controls to assess the prevalence of identified genetic variants. RESULTS We identified heterozygous variants in the serine palmitoyltransferase long chain base subunit 2 (SPTLC2) gene in patients with early-onset ALS. These variants, located in a region closely adjacent to ORMDL3, bear similarities to SPTLC1 variants previously implicated in early-onset ALS. Patients with ALS carrying these SPTLC2 variants displayed elevated plasma ceramide levels, indicative of increased serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) activity leading to sphingolipid overproduction. INTERPRETATION Our study revealed novel SPTLC2 variants in patients with early-onset ALS exhibiting frontotemporal dementia. The combination of genetic evidence and the observed elevation in plasma ceramide levels establishes a crucial link between dysregulated sphingolipid metabolism and ALS pathogenesis. These findings expand our understanding of ALS's genetic diversity and highlight the distinct roles of gene defects within SPT subunits in its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Naruse
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Department of Precision Medicine Neurology, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Ishiura
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Department of NeurologyOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Kayoko Esaki
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Life SciencesSojo UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Jun Mitsui
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Department of Precision Medicine Neurology, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Wataru Satake
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Peter Greimel
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, RIKEN Centre for Brain SciencesWakoSaitamaJapan
| | - Nanoka Shingai
- Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of EngineeringSojo UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Yuka Machino
- Department of NeurologyNational Hospital Organization Mie National HospitalTsuMieJapan
| | - Yasumasa Kokubo
- Kii ALS/PDC Research Center, Graduate School of Regional Innovation StudiesMie UniversityTsuMieJapan
| | | | - Tetsuya Oda
- Department of NeurologyKita‐Harima Medical CenterOnoHyogoJapan
| | - Tomoko Ikkaku
- Division of NeurologyKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeHyogoJapan
- Department of NeurologyHyogo Prefectural Rehabilitation Central HospitalKobeHyogoJapan
| | - Ichiro Yokota
- Division of NeurologyKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeHyogoJapan
- Department of NeurologyNational Hospital Organization Hyogo‐Chuo National HospitalSandaHyogoJapan
| | - Yuji Takahashi
- Department of NeurologyNational Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Yuta Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier SciencesThe University of TokyoChibaJapan
| | - Takashi Matsukawa
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Jun Goto
- Department of NeurologyInternational University of Health and Welfare Ichikawa HospitalChibaJapan
| | - Kishin Koh
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical SciencesUniversity of YamanashiYamanashiJapan
- Department of NeurologyYumura Onsen HospitalYamanashiJapan
| | - Yoshihisa Takiyama
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical SciencesUniversity of YamanashiYamanashiJapan
- Department of NeurologyFuefuki Central HospitalYamanashiJapan
| | - Shinichi Morishita
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier SciencesThe University of TokyoChibaJapan
| | - Takeo Yoshikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain ScienceWakoSaitamaJapan
| | - Shoji Tsuji
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Institute of Medical GenomicsInternational University of Health and WelfareChibaJapan
| | - Tatsushi Toda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
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5
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Díaz M, Fabelo N, Martín MV, Santos G, Ferrer I. Evidence for alterations in lipid profiles and biophysical properties of lipid rafts from spinal cord in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:391-402. [PMID: 38285093 PMCID: PMC10879240 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02419-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an age-dependent neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem whose etiopathogenesis remains unclear. Recent studies have linked major neurodegenerative diseases with altered function of multimolecular lipid-protein complexes named lipid rafts. In the present study, we have isolated lipid rafts from the anterior horn of the spinal cords of controls and ALS individuals and analysed their lipid composition. We found that ALS affects levels of different fatty acids, lipid classes and related ratios and indexes. The most significant changes affected the contents of n-9/n-7 monounsaturated fatty acids and arachidonic acid, the main n-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA), which were higher in ALS lipid rafts. Paralleling these findings, ALS lipid rafts lower saturates-to-unsaturates ratio compared to controls. Further, levels of cholesteryl ester (SE) and anionic-to-zwitterionic phospholipids ratio were augmented in ALS lipid rafts, while sulfatide contents were reduced. Further, regression analyses revealed augmented SE esterification to (mono)unsaturated fatty acids in ALS, but to saturates in controls. Overall, these changes indicate that lipid rafts from ALS spinal cord undergo destabilization of the lipid structure, which might impact their biophysical properties, likely leading to more fluid membranes. Indeed, estimations of membrane microviscosity confirmed less viscous membranes in ALS, as well as more mobile yet smaller lipid rafts compared to surrounding membranes. Overall, these results demonstrate that the changes in ALS lipid rafts are unrelated to oxidative stress, but to anomalies in lipid metabolism and/or lipid raft membrane biogenesis in motor neurons. KEY MESSAGES: The lipid matrix of multimolecular membrane complexes named lipid rafts are altered in human spinal cord in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Lipid rafts from ALS spinal cord contain higher levels of n-6 LCPUFA (but not n-3 LCPUFA), n-7/n-9 monounsaturates and lower saturates-to-unsaturates ratio. ALS lipid rafts display increased contents of cholesteryl esters, anomalous anionic-to-zwitterionic phospholipids and phospholipid remodelling and reduced sulphated and total sphingolipid levels, compared to control lipid rafts. Destabilization of the lipid structure of lipid raft affects their biophysical properties and leads to more fluid, less viscous membrane microdomains. The changes in ALS lipid rafts are unlikely related to increased oxidative stress, but to anomalies in lipid metabolism and/or raft membrane biogenesis in motor neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Díaz
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias (IUNE), University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Noemí Fabelo
- Laboratory of Membrane Physiology and Biophysics, School of Sciences, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Virginia Martín
- Centro Oceanográfico de Canarias (COC-IEO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 38180, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Guido Santos
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cellular Biology and Genetics. School of Sciences, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- University of Barcelona, 08907, Hospitalet de LLobregatBarcelona, Spain
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Zeleznik OA, Welling DB, Stankovic K, Frueh L, Balasubramanian R, Curhan GC, Curhan SG. Association of Plasma Metabolomic Biomarkers With Persistent Tinnitus: A Population-Based Case-Control Study. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 149:404-415. [PMID: 36928544 PMCID: PMC10020935 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2023.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Importance Persistent tinnitus is common, disabling, and difficult to treat. Objective To evaluate the association between circulating metabolites and persistent tinnitus. Design, Setting, and Participants This was a population-based case-control study of 6477 women who were participants in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHS II with metabolomic profiles and tinnitus data. Information on tinnitus onset and frequency was collected on biennial questionnaires (2009-2017). For cases, metabolomic profiles were measured (2015-2021) in blood samples collected after the date of the participant's first report of persistent tinnitus (NHS, 1989-1999 and 2010-2012; NHS II, 1996-1999). Data analyses were performed from January 24, 2022, to January 14, 2023. Exposures In total, 466 plasma metabolites from 488 cases of persistent tinnitus and 5989 controls were profiled using 3 complementary liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry approaches. Main Outcomes and Measures Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of persistent tinnitus (per 1 SD increase in metabolite values) and 95% CIs for each individual metabolite. Metabolite set enrichment analysis was used to identify metabolite classes enriched for associations with tinnitus. Results Of the 6477 study participants (mean [SD] age, 52 [9] years; 6477 [100%] female; 6121 [95%] White individuals) who were registered nurses, 488 reported experiencing daily persistent (≥5 minutes) tinnitus. Compared with participants with no tinnitus (5989 controls), those with persistent tinnitus were slightly older (53.0 vs 51.8 years) and more likely to be postmenopausal, using oral postmenopausal hormone therapy, and have type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and/or hearing loss at baseline. Compared with controls, homocitrulline (OR, 1.32; (95% CI, 1.16-1.50); C38:6 phosphatidylethanolamine (PE; OR, 1.24; 95% CIs, 1.12-1.38), C52:6 triglyceride (TAG; OR, 1.22; 95% CIs, 1.10-1.36), C36:4 PE (OR, 1.22; 95% CIs, 1.10-1.35), C40:6 PE (OR, 1.22; 95% CIs, 1.09-1.35), and C56:7 TAG (OR, 1.21; 95% CIs, 1.09-1.34) were positively associated, whereas α-keto-β-methylvalerate (OR, 0.68; 95% CIs, 0.56-0.82) and levulinate (OR, 0.60; 95% CIs, 0.46-0.79) were inversely associated with persistent tinnitus. Among metabolite classes, TAGs (normalized enrichment score [NES], 2.68), PEs (NES, 2.48), and diglycerides (NES, 1.65) were positively associated, whereas phosphatidylcholine plasmalogens (NES, -1.91), lysophosphatidylcholines (NES, -2.23), and cholesteryl esters (NES,-2.31) were inversely associated with persistent tinnitus. Conclusions and Relevance This population-based case-control study of metabolomic profiles and tinnitus identified novel plasma metabolites and metabolite classes that were significantly associated with persistent tinnitus, suggesting that metabolomic studies may help improve understanding of tinnitus pathophysiology and identify therapeutic targets for this challenging disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana A. Zeleznik
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - D. Bradley Welling
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston
| | - Konstantina Stankovic
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Lisa Frueh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raji Balasubramanian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
| | - Gary C. Curhan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sharon G. Curhan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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7
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Lee I, Stingone JA, Chan RB, Mitsumoto H. Utilizing machine learning and lipidomics to distinguish primary lateral sclerosis from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Muscle Nerve 2023; 67:306-310. [PMID: 36747323 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS There are currently no imaging or blood diagnostic biomarkers that can differentiate amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) from primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) patients early in their disease courses. Our objective is to examine whether patients with PLS can be differentiated from ALS reliably by using plasma lipidome profile and supervised machine learning. METHODS 40 ALS and 28 PLS patients derived from the Multicenter Cohort study of Oxidative Stress (COSMOS) and 28 healthy control volunteers (CTR) were included. ALS, PLS, and CTR were matched by age and sex. Plasma samples were obtained after overnight fasting. Lipids were extracted from the plasma samples and analyzed using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry to obtain relative concentrations of 392 lipid species. The lipid data were partitioned into training and testing datasets randomly. An elastic net algorithm was trained using cross-validation to classify PLS vs ALS and PLS vs CTR. Final accuracy was evaluated in the testing dataset. RESULTS The elastic net model trained with labeled PLS and ALS training lipid dataset demonstrated accuracy (number classified correctly/total number), sensitivity, and specificity of 100% in classifying PLS vs ALS in the unlabeled testing lipid dataset. Similarly, the elastic net model trained with labeled PLS and CTR training lipid datasets demonstrated accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 88% in classifying PLS vs CTR in the unlabeled testing lipid dataset. DISCUSSION Our study suggests PLS patients can be accurately distinguished from ALS and CTR by combining lipidome profile and supervised machine learning without clinical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikjae Lee
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeanette A Stingone
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robin Barry Chan
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hiroshi Mitsumoto
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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8
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Pan X, Dutta D, Lu S, Bellen HJ. Sphingolipids in neurodegenerative diseases. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1137893. [PMID: 36875645 PMCID: PMC9978793 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1137893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative Diseases (NDDs) are a group of disorders that cause progressive deficits of neuronal function. Recent evidence argues that sphingolipid metabolism is affected in a surprisingly broad set of NDDs. These include some lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), hereditary sensory and autonomous neuropathy (HSAN), hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD), Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), as well as some forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Many of these diseases have been modeled in Drosophila melanogaster and are associated with elevated levels of ceramides. Similar changes have also been reported in vertebrate cells and mouse models. Here, we summarize studies using fly models and/or patient samples which demonstrate the nature of the defects in sphingolipid metabolism, the organelles that are implicated, the cell types that are initially affected, and potential therapeutics for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyang Pan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Debdeep Dutta
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Shenzhao Lu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hugo J Bellen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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9
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Agrawal I, Lim YS, Ng SY, Ling SC. Deciphering lipid dysregulation in ALS: from mechanisms to translational medicine. Transl Neurodegener 2022; 11:48. [DOI: 10.1186/s40035-022-00322-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractLipids, defined by low solubility in water and high solubility in nonpolar solvents, can be classified into fatty acids, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and sterols. Lipids not only regulate integrity and fluidity of biological membranes, but also serve as energy storage and bioactive molecules for signaling. Causal mutations in SPTLC1 (serine palmitoyltransferase long chain subunit 1) gene within the lipogenic pathway have been identified in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a paralytic and fatal motor neuron disease. Furthermore, lipid dysmetabolism within the central nervous system and circulation is associated with ALS. Here, we aim to delineate the diverse roles of different lipid classes and understand how lipid dysmetabolism may contribute to ALS pathogenesis. Among the different lipids, accumulation of ceramides, arachidonic acid, and lysophosphatidylcholine is commonly emerging as detrimental to motor neurons. We end with exploring the potential ALS therapeutics by reducing these toxic lipids.
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10
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McCluskey G, Donaghy C, Morrison KE, McConville J, Duddy W, Duguez S. The Role of Sphingomyelin and Ceramide in Motor Neuron Diseases. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12091418. [PMID: 36143200 PMCID: PMC9501626 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Spinal Bulbar Muscular Atrophy (SBMA), and Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) are motor neuron diseases (MNDs) characterised by progressive motor neuron degeneration, weakness and muscular atrophy. Lipid dysregulation is well recognised in each of these conditions and occurs prior to neurodegeneration. Several lipid markers have been shown to predict prognosis in ALS. Sphingolipids are complex lipids enriched in the central nervous system and are integral to key cellular functions including membrane stability and signalling pathways, as well as being mediators of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. This review highlights the metabolism of sphingomyelin (SM), the most abundant sphingolipid, and of its metabolite ceramide, and its role in the pathophysiology of neurodegeneration, focusing on MNDs. We also review published lipidomic studies in MNDs. In the 13 studies of patients with ALS, 12 demonstrated upregulation of multiple SM species and 6 demonstrated upregulation of ceramides. SM species also correlated with markers of clinical progression in five of six studies. These data highlight the potential use of SM and ceramide as biomarkers in ALS. Finally, we review potential therapeutic strategies for targeting sphingolipid metabolism in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin McCluskey
- Personalised Medicine Center, School of Medicine, Ulster University, Derry BT47 6SB, UK
- Department of Neurology, Altnagelvin Hospital, Derry, BT47 6SB, UK
- Department of Neurology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Colette Donaghy
- Department of Neurology, Altnagelvin Hospital, Derry, BT47 6SB, UK
| | - Karen E. Morrison
- Department of Neurology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Sciences, Queen’s University, Belfast BT9 6AG, UK
| | - John McConville
- Department of Neurology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
- Department of Neurology, Ulster Hospital, Dundonald, Belfast BT16 1RH, UK
| | - William Duddy
- Personalised Medicine Center, School of Medicine, Ulster University, Derry BT47 6SB, UK
| | - Stephanie Duguez
- Personalised Medicine Center, School of Medicine, Ulster University, Derry BT47 6SB, UK
- Correspondence:
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11
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Godoy-Corchuelo JM, Fernández-Beltrán LC, Ali Z, Gil-Moreno MJ, López-Carbonero JI, Guerrero-Sola A, Larrad-Sainz A, Matias-Guiu J, Matias-Guiu JA, Cunningham TJ, Corrochano S. Lipid Metabolic Alterations in the ALS-FTD Spectrum of Disorders. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1105. [PMID: 35625841 PMCID: PMC9138405 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in the study of the relation between alterations in systemic lipid metabolism and neurodegenerative disorders, in particular in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD). In ALS these alterations are well described and evident not only with the progression of the disease but also years before diagnosis. Still, there are some discrepancies in findings relating to the causal nature of lipid metabolic alterations, partly due to the great clinical heterogeneity in ALS. ALS presentation is within a disorder spectrum with Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD), and many patients present mixed forms of ALS and FTD, thus increasing the variability. Lipid metabolic and other systemic metabolic alterations have not been well studied in FTD, or in ALS-FTD mixed forms, as has been in pure ALS. With the recent development in lipidomics and the integration with other -omics platforms, there is now emerging data that not only facilitates the identification of biomarkers but also enables understanding of the underlying pathological mechanisms. Here, we reviewed the recent literature to compile lipid metabolic alterations in ALS, FTD, and intermediate mixed forms, with a view to appraising key commonalities or differences within the spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Miguel Godoy-Corchuelo
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.G.-C.); (L.C.F.-B.); (M.J.G.-M.); (J.I.L.-C.); (A.G.-S.); (J.M.-G.); (J.A.M.-G.)
| | - Luis C. Fernández-Beltrán
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.G.-C.); (L.C.F.-B.); (M.J.G.-M.); (J.I.L.-C.); (A.G.-S.); (J.M.-G.); (J.A.M.-G.)
| | - Zeinab Ali
- MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK; (Z.A.); (T.J.C.)
| | - María J. Gil-Moreno
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.G.-C.); (L.C.F.-B.); (M.J.G.-M.); (J.I.L.-C.); (A.G.-S.); (J.M.-G.); (J.A.M.-G.)
| | - Juan I. López-Carbonero
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.G.-C.); (L.C.F.-B.); (M.J.G.-M.); (J.I.L.-C.); (A.G.-S.); (J.M.-G.); (J.A.M.-G.)
| | - Antonio Guerrero-Sola
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.G.-C.); (L.C.F.-B.); (M.J.G.-M.); (J.I.L.-C.); (A.G.-S.); (J.M.-G.); (J.A.M.-G.)
| | - Angélica Larrad-Sainz
- Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jorge Matias-Guiu
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.G.-C.); (L.C.F.-B.); (M.J.G.-M.); (J.I.L.-C.); (A.G.-S.); (J.M.-G.); (J.A.M.-G.)
| | - Jordi A. Matias-Guiu
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.G.-C.); (L.C.F.-B.); (M.J.G.-M.); (J.I.L.-C.); (A.G.-S.); (J.M.-G.); (J.A.M.-G.)
| | - Thomas J. Cunningham
- MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK; (Z.A.); (T.J.C.)
- MRC Prion Unit at UCL, UCL Institute of Prion Diseases, London W1W 7FF, UK
| | - Silvia Corrochano
- Neurological Disorders Group, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.G.-C.); (L.C.F.-B.); (M.J.G.-M.); (J.I.L.-C.); (A.G.-S.); (J.M.-G.); (J.A.M.-G.)
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12
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Ondaro J, Hernandez-Eguiazu H, Garciandia-Arcelus M, Loera-Valencia R, Rodriguez-Gómez L, Jiménez-Zúñiga A, Goikolea J, Rodriguez-Rodriguez P, Ruiz-Martinez J, Moreno F, Lopez de Munain A, Holt IJ, Gil-Bea FJ, Gereñu G. Defects of Nutrient Signaling and Autophagy in Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:836196. [PMID: 35419363 PMCID: PMC8996160 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.836196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons are post-mitotic cells that allocate huge amounts of energy to the synthesis of new organelles and molecules, neurotransmission and to the maintenance of redox homeostasis. In neurons, autophagy is not only crucial to ensure organelle renewal but it is also essential to balance nutritional needs through the mobilization of internal energy stores. A delicate crosstalk between the pathways that sense nutritional status of the cell and the autophagic processes to recycle organelles and macronutrients is fundamental to guarantee the proper functioning of the neuron in times of energy scarcity. This review provides a detailed overview of the pathways and processes involved in the balance of cellular energy mediated by autophagy, which when defective, precipitate the neurodegenerative cascade of Parkinson’s disease, frontotemporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Ondaro
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Haizea Hernandez-Eguiazu
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maddi Garciandia-Arcelus
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Loera-Valencia
- Department of Neurology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet (KI), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Rodriguez-Gómez
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Jiménez-Zúñiga
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julen Goikolea
- Department of Neurology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet (KI), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patricia Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Department of Neurology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet (KI), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Javier Ruiz-Martinez
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Fermín Moreno
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Adolfo Lopez de Munain
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ian James Holt
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Gil-Bea
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gorka Gereñu
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country (UPV-EHU), Leioa, Spain
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13
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Boddy S, Islam M, Moll T, Kurz J, Burrows D, McGown A, Bhargava A, Julian TH, Harvey C, Marshall JNG, Hall BPC, Allen SP, Kenna KP, Sanderson E, Zhang S, Ramesh T, Snyder MP, Shaw PJ, McDermott C, Cooper-Knock J. Unbiased metabolome screen leads to personalized medicine strategy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac069. [PMID: 35441136 PMCID: PMC9010771 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects 1/350 individuals in the United Kingdom. The cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is unknown in the majority of cases. Two-sample Mendelian randomization enables causal inference between an exposure, such as the serum concentration of a specific metabolite, and disease risk. We obtained genome-wide association study summary statistics for serum concentrations of 566 metabolites which were population matched with a genome-wide association study of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. For each metabolite, we performed Mendelian randomization using an inverse variance weighted estimate for significance testing. After stringent Bonferroni multiple testing correction, our unbiased screen revealed three metabolites that were significantly linked to the risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Estrone-3-sulphate and bradykinin were protective, which is consistent with literature describing a male preponderance of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and a preventive effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors which inhibit the breakdown of bradykinin. Serum isoleucine was positively associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis risk. All three metabolites were supported by robust Mendelian randomization measures and sensitivity analyses; estrone-3-sulphate and isoleucine were confirmed in a validation amyotrophic lateral sclerosis genome-wide association study. Estrone-3-sulphate is metabolized to the more active estradiol by the enzyme 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1; further, Mendelian randomization demonstrated a protective effect of estradiol and rare variant analysis showed that missense variants within HSD17B1, the gene encoding 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1, modify risk for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Finally, in a zebrafish model of C9ORF72-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, we present evidence that estradiol is neuroprotective. Isoleucine is metabolized via methylmalonyl-CoA mutase encoded by the gene MMUT in a reaction that consumes vitamin B12. Multivariable Mendelian randomization revealed that the toxic effect of isoleucine is dependent on the depletion of vitamin B12; consistent with this, rare variants which reduce the function of MMUT are protective against amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We propose that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients and family members with high serum isoleucine levels should be offered supplementation with vitamin B12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Boddy
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mahjabin Islam
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Tobias Moll
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Julian Kurz
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - David Burrows
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Alexander McGown
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Anushka Bhargava
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Thomas H Julian
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Calum Harvey
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jack NG Marshall
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Benjamin PC Hall
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Scott P Allen
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Kevin P Kenna
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eleanor Sanderson
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sai Zhang
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tennore Ramesh
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Christopher McDermott
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Johnathan Cooper-Knock
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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14
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HPLC-MS/MS Oxylipin Analysis of Plasma from Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030674. [PMID: 35327476 PMCID: PMC8945419 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxylipins play a critical role in regulating the onset and resolution phase of inflammation. Despite inflammation is a pathological hallmark in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the plasma oxylipin profile of ALS patients has not been assessed yet. Herein, we develop an oxylipin profile-targeted analysis of plasma from 74 ALS patients and controls. We found a significant decrease in linoleic acid-derived oxylipins in ALS patients, including 9-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid (9-HODE) and 13-HODE. These derivatives have been reported as important regulators of inflammation on different cell systems. In addition, some 5-lipoxygenase metabolites, such as 5-hydroxy- eicosatetraenoic acid also showed a significant decrease in ALS plasma samples. Isoprostanes of the F2α family were detected only in ALS patients but not in control samples, while the hydroxylated metabolite 11-HETE significantly decreased. Despite our effort to analyze specialized pro-resolving mediators, they were not detected in plasma samples. However, we found the levels of 14-hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid, a marker pathway of the Maresin biosynthesis, were also reduced in ALS patients, suggesting a defective activation in the resolution programs of inflammation in ALS. We further analyze oxylipin concentration levels in plasma from ALS patients to detect correlations between these metabolites and some clinical parameters. Interestingly, we found that plasmatic levels of 13-HODE and 9-HODE positively correlate with disease duration, expressed as days since onset. In summary, we developed a method to analyze “(oxy)lipidomics” in ALS human plasma and found new profiles of metabolites and novel lipid derivatives with unknown biological activities as potential footprints of disease onset.
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15
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Katzeff JS, Bright F, Phan K, Kril JJ, Ittner LM, Kassiou M, Hodges JR, Piguet O, Kiernan MC, Halliday GM, Kim WS. Biomarker discovery and development for frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain 2022; 145:1598-1609. [PMID: 35202463 PMCID: PMC9166557 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia refers to a group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by behaviour and language alterations and focal brain atrophy. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a rapidly progressing neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of motor neurons resulting in muscle wasting and paralysis. Frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are considered to exist on a disease spectrum given substantial overlap of genetic and molecular signatures. The predominant genetic abnormality in both frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is an expanded hexanucleotide repeat sequence in the C9orf72 gene. In terms of brain pathology, abnormal aggregates of TAR-DNA-binding protein-43 are predominantly present in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. Currently, sensitive and specific diagnostic and disease surveillance biomarkers are lacking for both diseases. This has impeded the capacity to monitor disease progression during life and the development of targeted drug therapies for the two diseases. The purpose of this review is to examine the status of current biofluid biomarker discovery and development in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The major pathogenic proteins implicated in different frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis molecular subtypes and proteins associated with neurodegeneration and the immune system will be discussed. Furthermore, the use of mass spectrometry-based proteomics as an emerging tool to identify new biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis will be summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared S Katzeff
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,The University of Sydney, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fiona Bright
- The University of Sydney, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Katherine Phan
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,The University of Sydney, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jillian J Kril
- The University of Sydney, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lars M Ittner
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Kassiou
- The University of Sydney, School of Chemistry, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John R Hodges
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Olivier Piguet
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,The University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew C Kiernan
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,The University of Sydney, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Woojin Scott Kim
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,The University of Sydney, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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16
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Nabizadeh F, Balabandian M, Sharafi AM, Ghaderi A, Rostami MR, Naser Moghadasi A. Statins and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Neurol Belg 2021; 122:979-986. [PMID: 34322852 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-021-01753-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a paralytic, heterogeneous and progressive disease characterized by the degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons. Several studies about the effects of statins drug on the risk of ALS showed contradictory results and evidence for this is inconclusive. So we aimed to perform a meta-analysis on previous studies to clarify the association between statin use and risk of ALS. The databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of science were searched in February 2021 for studies that reported the association between statin use and risk of ALS. The eligible studies had to provide a report on the effect of statin and the incidence of ALS while comparing it to the control group. Articles that had low statin exposure time, the absence of a control group and an unknown number of ALS patients were excluded. The rate ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used for association measures in case-control and cohort studies. After full-text and abstract review, data from 8 studies with a total of 547,622 participants and 13,890 cases of ALS were entered in the present meta-analysis. We combined eight studies using a random-effect model and the RR for statin users among groups was 0.98 (95% CI 0.80-1.20) which indicates no association between statin and incidence of ALS. Also high heterogeneity was detected across the studies (Q value = 26.62, P = .00; I2 = 72.71%). In our meta-analysis study, we found no association between statin use and an increase in ALS incidence. This result is in line with some previous studies and provides strong evidence that denies the possible association between statin uptake and disease induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fardin Nabizadeh
- Neuroscience Research Group (NRG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Balabandian
- Neuroscience Research Group (NRG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Mohammad Sharafi
- Student's Scientific Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ghaderi
- Student's Scientific Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Rostami
- Neuroscience Research Group (NRG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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17
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Sol J, Jové M, Povedano M, Sproviero W, Domínguez R, Piñol-Ripoll G, Romero-Guevara R, Hye A, Al-Chalabi A, Torres P, Andres-Benito P, Area-Gómez E, Pamplona R, Ferrer I, Ayala V, Portero-Otín M. Lipidomic traits of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis correlate with disease progression. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab143. [PMID: 34396104 PMCID: PMC8361390 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Since amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases exhibit significant heterogeneity, we aim to investigate the association of lipid composition of plasma and CSF with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis diagnosis, its progression and clinical characteristics. Lipidome analyses would help to stratify patients on a molecular basis. For this reason, we have analysed the lipid composition of paired plasma and CSF samples from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases and age-matched non-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis individuals (controls) by comprehensive liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The concentrations of neurofilament light chain-an index of neuronal damage-were also quantified in CSF samples and plasma. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis versus control comparison, in a moderate stringency mode, showed that plasma from cases contains more differential lipids (n = 122 for raw P < 0.05; n = 27 for P < 0.01) than CSF (n = 17 for raw P < 0.05; n = 4 for P < 0.01), with almost no overlapping differential species, mainly characterized by an increased content of triacylglyceride species in plasma and decreased in CSF. Of note, false discovery rate correction indicated that one of the CSF lipids (monoacylglycerol 18:0) had high statistic robustness (false discovery rate-P < 0.01). Plasma lipidomes also varied significantly with the main involvement at onset (bulbar, spinal or respiratory). Notably, faster progression cases showed particular lipidome fingerprints, featured by decreased triacylclycerides and specific phospholipids in plasma, with 11 lipids with false discovery rate-P < 0.1 (n = 56 lipids in plasma for raw P < 0.01). Lipid species associated with progression rate clustered in a relatively low number of metabolic pathways, mainly triacylglyceride metabolism and glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid biosynthesis. A specific triacylglyceride (68:12), correlated with neurofilament content (r = 0.8, P < 0.008). Thus, the present findings suggest that systemic hypermetabolism-potentially sustained by increased triacylglyceride content-and CNS alterations of specific lipid pathways could be associated as modifiers of disease progression. Furthermore, these results confirm biochemical lipid heterogeneity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with different presentations and progression, suggesting the use of specific lipid species as potential disease classifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Sol
- Metabolic Physiopathology Research Group, Experimental Medicine Department, Lleida University-Lleida Biochemical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
- Institut Català de la Salut, Atenció Primària, Lleida, Spain
- Research Support Unit Lleida, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Lleida, Spain
| | - Mariona Jové
- Metabolic Physiopathology Research Group, Experimental Medicine Department, Lleida University-Lleida Biochemical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Monica Povedano
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Service of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - William Sproviero
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
| | - Raul Domínguez
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Service of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerard Piñol-Ripoll
- Cognitive Disorders Unit, Clinical Neuroscience Research, IRBLleida-Hospital Universitari Santa Maria Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ricardo Romero-Guevara
- Metabolic Physiopathology Research Group, Experimental Medicine Department, Lleida University-Lleida Biochemical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Abdul Hye
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
| | - Pascual Torres
- Metabolic Physiopathology Research Group, Experimental Medicine Department, Lleida University-Lleida Biochemical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Pol Andres-Benito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estela Area-Gómez
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Metabolic Physiopathology Research Group, Experimental Medicine Department, Lleida University-Lleida Biochemical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Senior Consultant, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victòria Ayala
- Metabolic Physiopathology Research Group, Experimental Medicine Department, Lleida University-Lleida Biochemical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otín
- Metabolic Physiopathology Research Group, Experimental Medicine Department, Lleida University-Lleida Biochemical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
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A multicentre validation study of the diagnostic value of plasma neurofilament light. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3400. [PMID: 34099648 PMCID: PMC8185001 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23620-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light (NfL) is a recognized biomarker for neurodegeneration that can also be assessed in blood. Here, we investigate plasma NfL as a marker of neurodegeneration in 13 neurodegenerative disorders, Down syndrome, depression and cognitively unimpaired controls from two multicenter cohorts: King’s College London (n = 805) and the Swedish BioFINDER study (n = 1,464). Plasma NfL was significantly increased in all cortical neurodegenerative disorders, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and atypical parkinsonian disorders. We demonstrate that plasma NfL is clinically useful in identifying atypical parkinsonian disorders in patients with parkinsonism, dementia in individuals with Down syndrome, dementia among psychiatric disorders, and frontotemporal dementia in patients with cognitive impairment. Data-driven cut-offs highlighted the fundamental importance of age-related clinical cut-offs for disorders with a younger age of onset. Finally, plasma NfL performs best when applied to indicate no underlying neurodegeneration, with low false positives, in all age-related cut-offs. Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light (NfL) is a biomarker for neurodegeneration that can also be assessed in blood. Here the authors show in a validation study the potential for plasma NfL as a biomarker for several neurodegenerative diseases.
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19
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Hergesheimer R, Lanznaster D, Bourgeais J, Hérault O, Vourc’h P, Andres CR, Corcia P, Blasco H. Conditioned Medium from Cells Overexpressing TDP-43 Alters the Metabolome of Recipient Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102198. [PMID: 33003404 PMCID: PMC7601466 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by the progressive death of both upper and lower motor neurons. The disease presents a poor prognosis, and patients usually die 2-5 years after the onset of symptoms. The hallmark of this disease is the presence of phosphorylated and ubiquitinated aggregates containing trans-active response DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) in the cytoplasm of motor neurons. TDP-43 pathology has been associated with multiple pathways in ALS, such as metabolic dysfunction found in patients and in in vivo models. Recently, it has been described as a "prion-like" protein, as studies have shown its propagation in cell culture from ALS brain extract or overexpressed TDP-43 in co-culture and conditioned medium, resulting in cytotoxicity. However, the cellular alterations that are associated with this cytotoxicity require further investigation. Here, we investigated the effects of conditioned medium from HEK293T (Human Embryonic Kidney 293T) cells overexpressing TDP-43 on cellular morphology, proliferation, death, and metabolism. Although we did not find evidence of TDP-43 propagation, we observed a toxicity of TDP-43-conditioned medium and altered metabolism. These results, therefore, suggest (1) that cells overexpressing TDP-43 produce an extracellular environment that can perturb other cells and (2) that TDP-43 propagation alone may not be the only potentially cytotoxic cell-to-cell mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf Hergesheimer
- INSERM, UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; (R.H.); (D.L.); (P.V.); (C.R.A.); (P.C.)
| | - Débora Lanznaster
- INSERM, UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; (R.H.); (D.L.); (P.V.); (C.R.A.); (P.C.)
| | - Jérôme Bourgeais
- CNRS ERL7001, EA 7501 GICC, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; (J.B.); (O.H.)
| | - Olivier Hérault
- CNRS ERL7001, EA 7501 GICC, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; (J.B.); (O.H.)
| | - Patrick Vourc’h
- INSERM, UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; (R.H.); (D.L.); (P.V.); (C.R.A.); (P.C.)
- CHU de Tours, Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Christian R. Andres
- INSERM, UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; (R.H.); (D.L.); (P.V.); (C.R.A.); (P.C.)
- CHU de Tours, Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Philippe Corcia
- INSERM, UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; (R.H.); (D.L.); (P.V.); (C.R.A.); (P.C.)
- CHU de Tours, Service de Neurologie, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Hélène Blasco
- INSERM, UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; (R.H.); (D.L.); (P.V.); (C.R.A.); (P.C.)
- CHU de Tours, Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, 37000 Tours, France
- Correspondence:
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20
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Blasco H, Lanznaster D, Veyrat-Durebex C, Hergesheimer R, Vourch P, Maillot F, Andres CR, Pradat PF, Corcia P. Understanding and managing metabolic dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Expert Rev Neurother 2020; 20:907-919. [PMID: 32583696 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2020.1788389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal motor neuron disease that leads to death after a median survival of 36 months. The development of an effective treatment has proven to be extremely difficult due to the inadequate understanding of the pathogenesis of ALS. Energy metabolism is thoroughly involved in the disease based on the discoveries of hypermetabolism, lipid/glucose metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and mitochondrial impairment. AREA COVERED Many perturbed metabolites within these processes have been identified as promising therapeutic targets. However, the therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways have failed to produce clinically significant results. The authors present in this review the metabolic disturbances observed in ALS and the derived-therapeutics. EXPERT OPINION The authors suggest that this is due to the insufficient knowledge of the relationship between the metabolic targets and the type of ALS of the patient, depending on genetic and environmental factors. We must improve our understanding of the pathological mechanisms and pay attention to the subtle hidden effects of changing diet, for example, and to use this strategy in addition to other drugs or to use metabolism status to determine subgroups of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Blasco
- Unité INSERM U1253, équipe, neurogénomique et physiopathologie neuronale, Université de Tours , Tours, France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHRU de Tours , Tours, France
| | - Debora Lanznaster
- Unité INSERM U1253, équipe, neurogénomique et physiopathologie neuronale, Université de Tours , Tours, France
| | - Charlotte Veyrat-Durebex
- Unité INSERM U1253, équipe, neurogénomique et physiopathologie neuronale, Université de Tours , Tours, France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHRU de Tours , Tours, France
| | - Rudolf Hergesheimer
- Unité INSERM U1253, équipe, neurogénomique et physiopathologie neuronale, Université de Tours , Tours, France
| | - Patrick Vourch
- Unité INSERM U1253, équipe, neurogénomique et physiopathologie neuronale, Université de Tours , Tours, France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHRU de Tours , Tours, France
| | - Francois Maillot
- Unité INSERM U1253, équipe, neurogénomique et physiopathologie neuronale, Université de Tours , Tours, France.,Service de Médecine Interne, CHRU de Tours , Tours, France
| | - Christian R Andres
- Unité INSERM U1253, équipe, neurogénomique et physiopathologie neuronale, Université de Tours , Tours, France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHRU de Tours , Tours, France
| | - Pierre-François Pradat
- Unité INSERM U1253, équipe, neurogénomique et physiopathologie neuronale, Université de Tours , Tours, France.,Biomedical Imaging Laboratory, CNRS, INSERM, Sorbonne University , Paris, France.,APHP, Department of Neurology, Paris ALS Center, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital , Paris, France
| | - Phillipe Corcia
- Unité INSERM U1253, équipe, neurogénomique et physiopathologie neuronale, Université de Tours , Tours, France.,Service de Neurologie, CHRU de Tours , Tours, France
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21
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Riancho J, Delgado-Alvarado M, Andreu MD, Paz-Fajardo L, Arozamena S, Gil-Bea FJ, López de Munaín A. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), cancer, autoimmunity and metabolic disorders: An unsolved tantalizing challenge. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 178:1269-1278. [PMID: 32497246 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) commonly referred to as motor neurone disease, is a neurodegenerative disease of unknown pathogenesis that progresses rapidly and has attracted an increased amount of scholarly interest in recent years. The current conception of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis has transitioned into a more complex theory in which individual genetic risk, ageing and environmental factors interact, leading to disease onset in subjects in whom the sum of these factors reach a determined threshold. Based on this conceptualization, the environmental conditions, particularly those that are potentially modifiable, are becoming increasingly relevant. In this review, the current integrative model of the disease is discussed. In addition, we explore the role of cancer, autoimmunity and metabolic diseases as examples of novel, non-genetic and environmental factors. Together with the potential triggers or perpetuating pathogenic mechanisms along with new insights into potential lines of future research are provided. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Neurochemistry in Japan. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v178.6/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Riancho
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Sierrallana-IDIVAL, Torrelavega, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Delgado-Alvarado
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Sierrallana-IDIVAL, Torrelavega, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), ISC III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Lucía Paz-Fajardo
- Service of Internal Medicina, Hospital Sierrallana-IDIVAL, Torrelavega, Spain
| | - Sara Arozamena
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Sierrallana-IDIVAL, Torrelavega, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Gil-Bea
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Neurosciences Area, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Adolfo López de Munaín
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Neurosciences Area, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain.,Neurology Department, Donostia University Hospital, OSAKIDETZA, San Sebastián, Spain.,Neurosciences Department, Basque Country University, San Sebastián, Spain
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