1
|
Méndez N, Corvalan F, Halabi D, Ehrenfeld P, Maldonado R, Vergara K, Seron-Ferre M, Torres-Farfan C. From gestational chronodisruption to noncommunicable diseases: Pathophysiological mechanisms of programming of adult diseases, and the potential therapeutic role of melatonin. J Pineal Res 2023; 75:e12908. [PMID: 37650128 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
During gestation, the developing fetus relies on precise maternal circadian signals for optimal growth and preparation for extrauterine life. These signals regulate the daily delivery of oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other biophysical factors while synchronizing fetal rhythms with the external photoperiod. However, modern lifestyle factors such as light pollution and shift work can induce gestational chronodisruption, leading to the desynchronization of maternal and fetal circadian rhythms. Such disruptions have been associated with adverse effects on cardiovascular, neurodevelopmental, metabolic, and endocrine functions in the fetus, increasing the susceptibility to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in adult life. This aligns with the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease theory, suggesting that early-life exposures can significantly influence health outcomes later in life. The consequences of gestational chronodisruption also extend into adulthood. Environmental factors like diet and stress can exacerbate the adverse effects of these disruptions, underscoring the importance of maintaining a healthy circadian rhythm across the lifespan to prevent NCDs and mitigate the impact of gestational chronodisruption on aging. Research efforts are currently aimed at identifying potential interventions to prevent or mitigate the effects of gestational chronodisruption. Melatonin supplementation during pregnancy emerges as a promising intervention, although further investigation is required to fully understand the precise mechanisms involved and to develop effective strategies for promoting health and preventing NCDs in individuals affected by gestational chronodisruption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Méndez
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología del Desarrollo, Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Fernando Corvalan
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología del Desarrollo, Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Diego Halabi
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología del Desarrollo, Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- School of Dentistry, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pamela Ehrenfeld
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología del Desarrollo, Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- School of Dentistry, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios del Sistema Nervioso (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología del Desarrollo, Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- School of Dentistry, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios del Sistema Nervioso (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Karina Vergara
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología del Desarrollo, Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Maria Seron-Ferre
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología del Desarrollo, Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- School of Dentistry, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios del Sistema Nervioso (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Programa de Fisiopatología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile
| | - Claudia Torres-Farfan
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología del Desarrollo, Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Artificial Dim Light at Night during Pregnancy Can Affect Hormonal and Metabolic Rhythms in Rat Offspring. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314544. [PMID: 36498872 PMCID: PMC9740453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial light at night (ALAN) is considered an environmental risk factor that can interfere with the circadian control of the endocrine system and metabolism. We studied the impact of ALAN during pregnancy on the hormonal and biochemical parameters in rat pups at postnatal (P) days P3, P10, and P20. Control dams (CTRL) were kept in a standard light-dark regime, and ALAN dams were exposed to dim ALAN (<2 lx) during the whole pregnancy. A plasma melatonin rhythm was found in all CTRL groups, whereas in ALAN pups, melatonin was not rhythmic at P3, and its amplitude was lowered at P10; no differences were found between groups at P20. Plasma corticosterone was rhythmic at P20 in both groups, with decreased mesor in ALAN pups. Plasma thyroid hormones exhibited an inconsistent developmental pattern, and vasopressin levels were suppressed at the beginning of the dark phase at P20 in ALAN compared to CTRL. Glucose and cholesterol showed significant daily rhythms in CTRL but not in ALAN offspring at P3. Exposure to ALAN during pregnancy disturbed the development of daily rhythms in measured hormones and metabolites, suggesting that ALAN during pregnancy can act as an endocrine disruptor that can interfere with the normal development of the progeny.
Collapse
|
3
|
Grant AD, Wilbrecht L, Kriegsfeld LJ. Sex Differences in Pubertal Circadian and Ultradian Rhythmic Development Under Semi-naturalistic Conditions. J Biol Rhythms 2022; 37:442-454. [PMID: 35502708 PMCID: PMC9329191 DOI: 10.1177/07487304221092715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Biological rhythms in core body temperature (CBT) provide informative markers of adolescent development under controlled laboratory conditions. However, it is unknown whether these markers are preserved under more variable, semi-naturalistic conditions, and whether CBT may therefore prove useful in a real-world setting. To evaluate this possibility, we examined fecal steroid concentrations and CBT rhythms from pre-adolescence (p26) through early adulthood (p76) in intact male and female Wistar rats under natural light and climate at the Stephen Glickman Field Station for the Study of Behavior, Ecology and Reproduction. Despite greater environmental variability, CBT markers of pubertal onset and its rhythmic progression were comparable with those previously reported in laboratory conditions in female rats and extend actigraphy-based findings in males. Specifically, sex differences emerged in CBT circadian rhythm (CR) power and amplitude prior to pubertal onset and persisted into early adulthood, with females exhibiting elevated CBT and decreased CR power compared with males. Within-day (ultradian rhythm [UR]) patterns also exhibited a pronounced sex difference associated with estrous cyclicity. Pubertal onset, defined by vaginal opening, preputial separation, and sex steroid concentrations, occurred later than previously reported under lab conditions for both sexes. Vaginal opening and increased fecal estradiol concentrations were closely tied to the commencement of 4-day oscillations in CBT and UR power. By contrast, preputial separation and the first rise in testosterone concentration were not associated with adolescent changes to CBT rhythms in male rats. Together, males and females exhibited unique temporal patterning of CBT and sex steroids across pubertal development, with tractable associations between hormonal concentrations, external development, and temporal structure in females. The preservation of these features outside the laboratory supports CBT as a strong candidate for translational pubertal monitoring under semi-naturalistic conditions in females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azure D. Grant
- The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, United States
| | - Linda Wilbrecht
- The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, United States;,Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, United States
| | - Lance J. Kriegsfeld
- The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, United States;,Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, United States;,Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, United States;,Graduate Group in Endocrinology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Greiner P, Houdek P, Sládek M, Sumová A. Early rhythmicity in the fetal suprachiasmatic nuclei in response to maternal signals detected by omics approach. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001637. [PMID: 35609026 PMCID: PMC9129005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus harbor the central clock of the circadian system, which gradually matures during the perinatal period. In this study, time-resolved transcriptomic and proteomic approaches were used to describe fetal SCN tissue-level rhythms before rhythms in clock gene expression develop. Pregnant rats were maintained in constant darkness and had intact SCN, or their SCN were lesioned and behavioral rhythm was imposed by temporal restriction of food availability. Model-selecting tools dryR and CompareRhythms identified sets of genes in the fetal SCN that were rhythmic in the absence of the fetal canonical clock. Subsets of rhythmically expressed genes were assigned to groups of fetuses from mothers with either intact or lesioned SCN, or both groups. Enrichment analysis for GO terms and signaling pathways revealed that neurodevelopment and cell-to-cell signaling were significantly enriched within the subsets of genes that were rhythmic in response to distinct maternal signals. The findings discovered a previously unexpected breadth of rhythmicity in the fetal SCN at a developmental stage when the canonical clock has not yet developed at the tissue level and thus likely represents responses to rhythmic maternal signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Greiner
- Laboratory of Biological Rhythms, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Houdek
- Laboratory of Biological Rhythms, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Sládek
- Laboratory of Biological Rhythms, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Sumová
- Laboratory of Biological Rhythms, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kuo LT, Lu HY, Huang APH. Prognostic Value of Circadian Rhythm of Brain Temperature in Traumatic Brain Injury. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11070620. [PMID: 34208924 PMCID: PMC8307466 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11070620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypothermia has been used in postoperative management of traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, the rhythmic variation and prognostic value of brain temperature after TBI have never been studied. This study describes diurnal brain temperature patterns in comatose patients with TBI. Mesors of brain temperature, amplitude, and acrophase were estimated from recorded temperature measurements using cosinor analysis. The association of these patterns with clinical parameters, mortality, and functional outcomes in a 12-month follow-up was examined. According to the cosinor analysis, 59.3% of patients presented with circadian rhythms of brain temperature in the first 72 h postoperatively. The rhythm-adjusted mesor of brain temperature was 37.39 ± 1.21 °C, with a diminished mean amplitude of 0.28 (±0.25) °C; a shift of temperature acrophase was also observed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that initial Glasgow coma scale score, age, elevated blood glucose level, and circadian rhythm of brain temperature seemed to be predictive and prognostic factors of patients' functional outcomes. For the prediction of survival status, younger patients or those patients with mesor within the middle 50% of brain temperature were more likely to survive. The analysis of brain temperature rhythms in patients with moderate and severe TBI provided additional predictive information related to mortality and functional outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Ting Kuo
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Chung San South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Hsueh-Yi Lu
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan;
| | - Abel Po-Hao Huang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Chung San South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Maternal Melatonin Deficiency Leads to Endocrine Pathologies in Children in Early Ontogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042058. [PMID: 33669686 PMCID: PMC7922827 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The review summarizes the results of experimental and clinical studies aimed at elucidating the causes and pathophysiological mechanisms of the development of endocrine pathology in children. The modern data on the role of epigenetic influences in the early ontogenesis of unfavorable factors that violate the patterns of the formation of regulatory mechanisms during periods of critical development of fetal organs and systems and contribute to the delayed development of pathological conditions are considered. The mechanisms of the participation of melatonin in the regulation of metabolic processes and the key role of maternal melatonin in the formation of the circadian system of regulation in the fetus and in the protection of the genetic program of its morphofunctional development during pregnancy complications are presented. Melatonin, by controlling DNA methylation and histone modification, prevents changes in gene expression that are directly related to the programming of endocrine pathology in offspring. Deficiency and absence of the circadian rhythm of maternal melatonin underlies violations of the genetic program for the development of hormonal and metabolic regulatory mechanisms of the functional systems of the child, which determines the programming and implementation of endocrine pathology in early ontogenesis, contributing to its development in later life. The significance of this factor in the pathophysiological mechanisms of endocrine disorders determines a new approach to risk assessment and timely prevention of offspring diseases even at the stage of family planning.
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Zhang H, Deng Q, Fan W, Zheng M, Chen H, Chen S, He H, Huang F. Changes in Per1 and Per2 expression during early postnatal stage in rat masseters. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2019.1592349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huini Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyi Deng
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenguo Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoling Chen
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijing Chen
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongwen He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Beer K, Helfrich-Förster C. Post-embryonic Development of the Circadian Clock Seems to Correlate With Social Life Style in Bees. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:581323. [PMID: 33282863 PMCID: PMC7689364 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.581323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Social life style can influence many aspects of an animal’s daily life, but it has not yet been clarified, whether development of the circadian clock in social and solitary living bees differs. In a comparative study, with the social honey bee, Apis mellifera, and the solitary mason bee, Osmia bicornis, we now found indications for a differentially timed clock development in social and solitary bees. Newly emerged solitary bees showed rhythmic locomotion right away and the number of neurons in the brain that produce the clock component pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) did not change during aging of the adult solitary bee. Honey bees on the other hand, showed no circadian locomotion directly after emergence and the neuronal clock network continued to grow after emergence. Social bees appear to emerge at an early developmental stage at which the circadian clock is still immature, but bees are already able to fulfill in-hive tasks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Beer
- Department of Neurobiology and Genetics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
McCauley JP, Petroccione MA, D'Brant LY, Todd GC, Affinnih N, Wisnoski JJ, Zahid S, Shree S, Sousa AA, De Guzman RM, Migliore R, Brazhe A, Leapman RD, Khmaladze A, Semyanov A, Zuloaga DG, Migliore M, Scimemi A. Circadian Modulation of Neurons and Astrocytes Controls Synaptic Plasticity in Hippocampal Area CA1. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108255. [PMID: 33053337 PMCID: PMC7700820 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Most animal species operate according to a 24-h period set by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. The rhythmic activity of the SCN modulates hippocampal-dependent memory, but the molecular and cellular mechanisms that account for this effect remain largely unknown. Here, we identify cell-type-specific structural and functional changes that occur with circadian rhythmicity in neurons and astrocytes in hippocampal area CA1. Pyramidal neurons change the surface expression of NMDA receptors. Astrocytes change their proximity to synapses. Together, these phenomena alter glutamate clearance, receptor activation, and integration of temporally clustered excitatory synaptic inputs, ultimately shaping hippocampal-dependent learning in vivo. We identify corticosterone as a key contributor to changes in synaptic strength. These findings highlight important mechanisms through which neurons and astrocytes modify the molecular composition and structure of the synaptic environment, contribute to the local storage of information in the hippocampus, and alter the temporal dynamics of cognitive processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John P McCauley
- Department of Biology, SUNY Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | | | - Lianna Y D'Brant
- Department of Biology, SUNY Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA; Department of Physics, SUNY Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Gabrielle C Todd
- Department of Biology, SUNY Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Nurat Affinnih
- Department of Biology, SUNY Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Justin J Wisnoski
- Department of Biology, SUNY Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Shergil Zahid
- Department of Biology, SUNY Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Swasti Shree
- Department of Biology, SUNY Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA; Bethlehem Central High School, 700 Delaware Avenue, Delmar, NY 12054, USA
| | - Alioscka A Sousa
- Federal University of São Paulo, Department of Biochemistry, 100 Rua Tres de Maio, São Paulo 04044-020, Brazil; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rose M De Guzman
- Department of Psychology, SUNY Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Rosanna Migliore
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, 153 Via Ugo La Malfa, Palermo 90146, Italy
| | - Alexey Brazhe
- Department of Biophysics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/12, Moscow 119234, Russia; Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Ulitsa Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Richard D Leapman
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alexander Khmaladze
- Department of Physics, SUNY Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Alexey Semyanov
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Ulitsa Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Ulitsa 19с1, Moscow 119146, Russia
| | - Damian G Zuloaga
- Department of Psychology, SUNY Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Michele Migliore
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, 153 Via Ugo La Malfa, Palermo 90146, Italy
| | - Annalisa Scimemi
- Department of Biology, SUNY Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Karino G, Senoo A, Kunikata T, Kamei Y, Yamanouchi H, Nakamura S, Shukuya M, Colman RJ, Koshiba M. Inexpensive Home Infrared Living/Environment Sensor with Regional Thermal Information for Infant Physical and Psychological Development. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186844. [PMID: 32961676 PMCID: PMC7559736 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The use of home-based image sensors for biological and environmental monitoring provides novel insight into health and development but it is difficult to evaluate people during their normal activities in their home. Therefore, we developed a low-cost infrared (IR) technology-based motion, location, temperature and thermal environment detection system that can be used non-invasively for long-term studies in the home environment. We tested this technology along with the associated analysis algorithm to visualize the effects of parental care and thermal environment on developmental state change in a non-human primate model, the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). To validate this system, we first compared it to a manual analysis technique and we then assessed the development of circadian rhythms in common marmosets from postnatal day 15–45. The semi-automatically tracked biological indices of locomotion velocity (BV) and body surface temperature (BT) and the potential psychological index of place preference toward the door (BD), showed age-dependent shifts in circadian phase patterns. Although environmental variables appeared to affect circadian rhythm development, principal component analysis and signal superimposing imaging methods revealed a novel phasic pattern of BD-BT correlation day/night switching in animals older than postnatal day 38 (approximately equivalent to one year of age in humans). The origin of this switch was related to earlier development of body temperature (BT) rhythms and alteration of psychological behavior rhythms (BD) around earlier feeding times. We propose that this cost-effective, inclusive sensing and analytic technique has value for understanding developmental care conditions for which continual home non-invasive monitoring would be beneficial and further suggest the potential to adapt this technique for use in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genta Karino
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; (G.K.); (A.S.); (S.N.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan; (T.K.); (H.Y.)
- Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Aya Senoo
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; (G.K.); (A.S.); (S.N.)
| | - Tetsuya Kunikata
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan; (T.K.); (H.Y.)
| | - Yoshimasa Kamei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan;
| | - Hideo Yamanouchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan; (T.K.); (H.Y.)
| | - Shun Nakamura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; (G.K.); (A.S.); (S.N.)
| | - Masanori Shukuya
- Faculty of Environmental Studies Department of Restoration Ecology and Built Environment, Tokyo City University, Kanagawa 224-8551, Japan;
| | - Ricki J. Colman
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
- Department of Cell & Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Correspondence: (R.J.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Mamiko Koshiba
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; (G.K.); (A.S.); (S.N.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan; (T.K.); (H.Y.)
- Graduate School of Science and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
- Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Correspondence: (R.J.C.); (M.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gonçalves FB, Gonçalves BSB, Cavalcante JS, Azevedo CVM. Aging-related changes on social synchronization of circadian activity rhythm in a diurnal primate ( Callithrix jacchus). Chronobiol Int 2020; 37:980-992. [PMID: 32573282 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1773495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The input of environmental time cues and expression of circadian activity rhythms may change with aging. Among nonphotic zeitgebers, social cues from conspecific vocalizations may contribute to the stability and survival of individuals of social species, such as nonhuman primates. We evaluated aging-related changes on social synchronization of the circadian activity rhythm (CAR) in a social diurnal primate, the common marmoset. The activity of 18 male marmosets was recorded by actiwatches in two conditions. (1) Experimental - 4 young adult (5 ± 2 yrs of age) and 4 older (10 ± 2 yrs of age) animals maintained under LD 12/12 h and LL in a room with full insulation for light but only partial insulation for sound from vocalizations of conspecifics maintained outdoors in the colony; and (2) Control - 10 young adult animals maintained outdoors in the colony (5 animals as a control per age group). In LL, the CAR of young adults showed more stable synchronization with controls. Among the aged marmosets, two free-ran with τ > 24 h, whereas the other two showed relative coordination during the first 30 days in LL, but free-ran thereafter. These differences were reflected in the "social" phase angles (ψon and ψoff ) between rhythms of experimental and control animal groups. Moreover, the activity patterns of aged animals showed lower social synchrony with controls compared to young adults, with the time lags of the time series between each experimental group and control group being negative in aged and positive in young adult animals (t-test, p < 0.05). The index of stability of the CAR showed no differences according to age, while the intradaily variability of the CAR was higher in the aged animals during LD-resynchronization, who took additional days to resynchronize. Thus, the social modulation on CAR may vary with age in marmosets. In the aged group, there was a lower effect of social synchronization, which may be associated with aging-related changes in the synchronization and generation of the CAR as well as in system outputs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana B Gonçalves
- Escola Multicampi de Ciências Médicas do Rio Grande do Norte, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte , Caicó, RN, Brazil
| | - Bruno S B Gonçalves
- Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jeferson S Cavalcante
- Laboratório de Estudos Neuroquímicos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte , Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Carolina V M Azevedo
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte , Natal, RN, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Light and Circadian Signaling Pathway in Pregnancy: Programming of Adult Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062232. [PMID: 32210175 PMCID: PMC7139376 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Light is a crucial environmental signal that affects elements of human health, including the entrainment of circadian rhythms. A suboptimal environment during pregnancy can increase the risk of offspring developing a wide range of chronic diseases in later life. Circadian rhythm disruption in pregnant women may have deleterious consequences for their progeny. In the modern world, maternal chronodisruption can be caused by shift work, jet travel across time zones, mistimed eating, and excessive artificial light exposure at night. However, the impact of maternal chronodisruption on the developmental programming of various chronic diseases remains largely unknown. In this review, we outline the impact of light, the circadian clock, and circadian signaling pathways in pregnancy and fetal development. Additionally, we show how to induce maternal chronodisruption in animal models, examine emerging research demonstrating long-term negative implications for offspring health following maternal chronodisruption, and summarize current evidence related to light and circadian signaling pathway targeted therapies in pregnancy to prevent the development of chronic diseases in offspring.
Collapse
|
14
|
Arutjunyan AV, Evsyukova II, Polyakova VO. The Role of Melatonin in Morphofunctional Development of the Brain in Early Ontogeny. NEUROCHEM J+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712419030036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
15
|
Agorastos A, Nicolaides NC, Bozikas VP, Chrousos GP, Pervanidou P. Multilevel Interactions of Stress and Circadian System: Implications for Traumatic Stress. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:1003. [PMID: 32047446 PMCID: PMC6997541 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The dramatic fluctuations in energy demands by the rhythmic succession of night and day on our planet has prompted a geophysical evolutionary need for biological temporal organization across phylogeny. The intrinsic circadian timing system (CS) represents a highly conserved and sophisticated internal "clock," adjusted to the 24-h rotation period of the earth, enabling a nyctohemeral coordination of numerous physiologic processes, from gene expression to behavior. The human CS is tightly and bidirectionally interconnected to the stress system (SS). Both systems are fundamental for survival and regulate each other's activity in order to prepare the organism for the anticipated cyclic challenges. Thereby, the understanding of the temporal relationship between stressors and stress responses is critical for the comprehension of the molecular basis of physiology and pathogenesis of disease. A critical loss of the harmonious timed order at different organizational levels may affect the fundamental properties of neuroendocrine, immune, and autonomic systems, leading to a breakdown of biobehavioral adaptative mechanisms with increased stress sensitivity and vulnerability. In this review, following an overview of the functional components of the SS and CS, we present their multilevel interactions and discuss how traumatic stress can alter the interplay between the two systems. Circadian dysregulation after traumatic stress exposure may represent a core feature of trauma-related disorders mediating enduring neurobiological correlates of trauma through maladaptive stress regulation. Understanding the mechanisms susceptible to circadian dysregulation and their role in stress-related disorders could provide new insights into disease mechanisms, advancing psychochronobiological treatment possibilities and preventive strategies in stress-exposed populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agorastos Agorastos
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.,VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Nicolas C Nicolaides
- First Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasilios P Bozikas
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George P Chrousos
- First Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Unit of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Pervanidou
- Unit of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sumová A, Čečmanová V. Mystery of rhythmic signal emergence within the suprachiasmatic nuclei. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 51:300-309. [PMID: 30188597 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The circadian system provides organisms with a temporal organization that optimizes their adaptation to environmental fluctuations on a 24-hr basis. In mammals, the circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) develops during the perinatal period. The rhythmicity first appears at the level of individual SCN neurons during the fetal stage, and this step is often misinterpreted as the time of complete SCN clock development. However, the process is only finalized when the SCN begin to play a role of the central clock in the body, that is, when they are able to generate robust rhythmicity at the cell population level, entrain the rhythmic signal with external light-dark cycles and convey this signal to the rest of the body. The development is gradual and correlates with morphological maturation of the SCN structural complexity, which is based on intercellular network formation. The aim of this review is to summarize events related to the first emergence of circadian oscillations in the fetal SCN clock. Although a large amount of data on ontogenesis of the circadian system have been accumulated, how exactly the immature SCN converts into a functional central clock has still remained rather elusive. In this review, the hypothesis of how the SCN attains its rhythmicity at the tissue level is discussed in context with the recent advances in the field. For an extensive summary of the complete ontogenetic development of the circadian system, the readers are referred to other previously published reviews.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alena Sumová
- Department of Neurohumoral Regulations, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Čečmanová
- Department of Neurohumoral Regulations, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Scriba MF, Henry I, Vyssotski AL, Mueller JC, Rattenborg NC, Roulin A. Ultradian Rhythmicity in Sleep-Wakefulness Is Related to Color in Nestling Barn Owls. J Biol Rhythms 2017; 32:456-468. [DOI: 10.1177/0748730417722250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The possession of a rhythm is usually described as an important adaptation to regular changing environmental conditions such as the light-dark cycle. However, recent studies have suggested plasticity in the expression of a rhythm depending on life history and environmental factors. Barn owl ( Tyto alba) nestlings show variations in behavior and physiology in relation to the size of black feather spots, a trait associated with many behavioral and physiological phenotypes including the circadian expression of corticosterone and the regulation of body mass. This raises the possibility that individual spottiness could be associated with rhythmicity in sleep-wakefulness. Owlets showed ultradian rhythms in sleep-wakefulness, with a period length of 4.5 to 4.9 h. The period length of wakefulness and non-REM sleep was shorter in heavily compared to lightly spotted female nestlings, whereas in males, the opposite result was found. Furthermore, male and female nestlings displaying small black spots showed strong rhythmicity levels in wakefulness and REM sleep. This might be an advantage in a stable environment with predictable periodic changes in light, temperature, or social interactions. Heavily spotted nestlings displayed weak rhythms in wakefulness and REM sleep, which might enable them to be more flexible in reactions to unexpected events such as predation or might be a mechanism to save energy. These findings are consistent with previous findings showing that large-spotted nestlings switch more frequently between wakefulness and sleep, resulting in higher levels of vigilance compared to small-spotted conspecifics. Thus, nestlings with larger black feather spots might differently handle the trade-off between wakefulness and sleep, attention, and social interactions compared to nestlings with smaller black spots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine F. Scriba
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Avian Sleep Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Isabelle Henry
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexei L. Vyssotski
- Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zürich and ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jakob C. Mueller
- Department of Behavioural Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Niels C. Rattenborg
- Avian Sleep Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Alexandre Roulin
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Agorastos A, Linthorst ACE. Potential pleiotropic beneficial effects of adjuvant melatonergic treatment in posttraumatic stress disorder. J Pineal Res 2016; 61:3-26. [PMID: 27061919 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Loss of circadian rhythmicity fundamentally affects the neuroendocrine, immune, and autonomic system, similar to chronic stress and may play a central role in the development of stress-related disorders. Recent articles have focused on the role of sleep and circadian disruption in the pathophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suggesting that chronodisruption plays a causal role in PTSD development. Direct and indirect human and animal PTSD research suggests circadian system-linked neuroendocrine, immune, metabolic and autonomic dysregulation, linking circadian misalignment to PTSD pathophysiology. Recent experimental findings also support a specific role of the fundamental synchronizing pineal hormone melatonin in mechanisms of sleep, cognition and memory, metabolism, pain, neuroimmunomodulation, stress endocrinology and physiology, circadian gene expression, oxidative stress and epigenetics, all processes affected in PTSD. In the current paper, we review available literature underpinning a potentially beneficiary role of an add-on melatonergic treatment in PTSD pathophysiology and PTSD-related symptoms. The literature is presented as a narrative review, providing an overview on the most important and clinically relevant publications. We conclude that adjuvant melatonergic treatment could provide a potentially promising treatment strategy in the management of PTSD and especially PTSD-related syndromes and comorbidities. Rigorous preclinical and clinical studies are needed to validate this hypothesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agorastos Agorastos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Astrid C E Linthorst
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Neurobiology of Stress and Behaviour Research Group, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Christiansen SL, Højgaard K, Wiborg O, Bouzinova EV. Disturbed diurnal rhythm of three classical phase markers in the chronic mild stress rat model of depression. Neurosci Res 2016; 110:43-8. [PMID: 27033803 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Disturbances of circadian rhythms have been suggested to be a causal factor in the development of major depressive disorder. However, the mechanisms underlying the association between circadian rhythm abnormalities and mood disorders are still unknown. In the current study the association between diurnal pattern of key phase markers (melatonin, corticosterone, and core body temperature) and anhedonic-like behavior was investigated using the highly validated rat chronic mild stress (CMS) model of depression. Phase marker measurements were done after 3.5 weeks of CMS in 48 control rats and 48 anhedonic-like rats at 6 time points within 24h. The results showed that anhedonic-like behavior associates with changes in all three phase markers: an increased dark phase melatonin secretion, an additional peak in corticosterone level in the beginning of the light phase, and hypothermia in the dark phase. The result adds to the validity of the CMS model in general and in particular to be adequate as a model for studying the chronobiology of depressive disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S L Christiansen
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark.
| | - K Højgaard
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - O Wiborg
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - E V Bouzinova
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nernpermpisooth N, Qiu S, Mintz JD, Suvitayavat W, Thirawarapan S, Rudic DR, Fulton DJ, Stepp DW. Obesity alters the peripheral circadian clock in the aorta and microcirculation. Microcirculation 2016; 22:257-66. [PMID: 25660131 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Perturbation of daily rhythm increases cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to determine whether obesity alters circadian gene expression and microvascular function in lean mice and obese (db/db) mice. METHODS Mice were subjected to normal LD or DD to alter circadian rhythm. Metabolic parameters and microvascular vasoreactivity were evaluated. Array studies were conducted in the am and pm cycles to assess the rhythmicity of the entire genomics. Rhythmic expression of specific clock genes (Bmal1, Clock, Npas2, Per1, Per2, and Cry1), clock output genes (dbp), and vascular relaxation-related genes (eNOS, GTPCH1) were assessed. RESULTS Obesity was associated with metabolic dysfunction and impaired endothelial dilation in the microvasculature. Circadian rhythm of gene expression was suppressed 80% in both macro- and microcirculations of obese mice. Circadian disruption with DD increased fasting serum glucose and HbA1c in obese but not lean mice. Endothelium-dependent dilation was attenuated in obese mice and in lean mice subjected to DD. Rhythmic expression of per1 and dbp was depressed in obesity. Expression of eNOS expression was suppressed and GTPCH1 lost rhythmic expression both in obesity and by constant darkness. CONCLUSION These results suggest that obesity reduces circadian gene expression in concert with impaired endothelial function. The causal relationship remains to be determined.
Collapse
|
21
|
Costa-Martins JM, Moura-Ramos M, Cascais MJ, da Silva CF, Costa-Martins H, Pereira M, Coelho R, Tavares J. Adult attachment style and cortisol responses in women in late pregnancy. BMC Psychol 2016; 4:1. [PMID: 26754482 PMCID: PMC4709978 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-016-0105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent research has documented the association between attachment and cortisol rhythms. During pregnancy, when attachment patterns are likely to be activated, elevated levels of cortisol are associated with negative effects for the mother and the foetus. The aim of the present study was to examine the association of adult attachment style and cortisol rhythms in pregnant women. Methods Eighty women in the third trimester of pregnancy participated in the study. Adult attachment was assessed using the Adult Attachment Scale – Revised (AAS-R). Participants collected 4 samples of salivary cortisol at two different days; 3 samples were collected in the morning immediately after wakeup and one sample was collected by bedtime. Results Results found group significant differences in the cortisol diurnal oscillation (F(1,71) = 26.46, p < .001,), with secure women reporting a steep decrease in cortisol from awakening to bedtime, while women with fearful avoidant attachment reported no changes. No group differences were found regarding the cortisol awakening response. Conclusions These results highlight the importance of considering attachment patterns during pregnancy, suggesting fearful avoidant attachment style as a possible risk factor for emotional difficulties and dysregulation of the neuroendocrine rhythms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Costa-Martins
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Maternity Hospital Alfredo da Costa, Rua Viriato, 1069-089, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Mariana Moura-Ramos
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo, 3001-802, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria João Cascais
- Clinical Pathology, Biochemistry, Maternity Hospital Alfredo da Costa, Rua Viriato, 1069-089, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | - Marco Pereira
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo, 3001-802, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Coelho
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Tavares
- Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gubin DG, Weinert D. Temporal order deterioration and circadian disruption with age 1. Central and peripheral mechanisms. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057015040086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
23
|
Marco EM, Velarde E, Llorente R, Laviola G. Disrupted Circadian Rhythm as a Common Player in Developmental Models of Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2016; 29:155-181. [PMID: 26728169 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2015_419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The environment in which individuals develop and mature is critical for their physiological and psychological outcome; in particular, the intrauterine environment has reached far more clinical relevance given its potential influence on shaping brain function and thus mental health. Gestational stress and/or maternal infection during pregnancy has been related with an increased incidence of neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression and schizophrenia. In this framework, the use of animal models has allowed a formal and deep investigation of causal determinants. Despite disruption of circadian clocks often represents a hallmark of several neuropsychiatric disorders, the relationship between disruption of brain development and the circadian system has been scarcely investigated. Nowadays, there is an increasing amount of studies suggesting a link between circadian system malfunction, early-life insults and the appearance of neuropsychiatric diseases at adulthood. Here, we briefly review evidence from clinical literature and animal models suggesting that the exposure to prenatal insults, i.e. severe gestational stress or maternal immune activation, changes the foetal hormonal milieu increasing the circulating levels of both glucocorticoids and pro-inflammatory cytokines. These two biological events have been reported to affect genes expression in experimental models and critically interfere with brain development triggering and/or exacerbating behavioural anomalies in the offspring. Herein, we highlight the importance to unravel the individual components of the body circadian system that might also be altered by prenatal insults and that may be causally associated with the disruption of neural and endocrine developmental programming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Marco
- Department Physiology (Animal Physiology II), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elena Velarde
- Department Basic Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea (UE), Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Llorente
- Department Basic Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea (UE), Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giovanni Laviola
- Section of Behavioral Neuroscience, Department Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Giannetto C, Bazzano M, Marafioti S, Bertolucci C, Piccione G. Monitoring of total locomotor activity in mares during the prepartum and postpartum period. J Vet Behav 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
25
|
Yerga J, Calzada J, Manteca X, Vargas A, Pérez MJ, Palomares F, Rivas A. Ontogeny of daily activity and circadian rhythm in the Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus). Appl Anim Behav Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
26
|
Sandu C, Liu T, Malan A, Challet E, Pévet P, Felder-Schmittbuhl MP. Circadian clocks in rat skin and dermal fibroblasts: differential effects of aging, temperature and melatonin. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:2237-48. [PMID: 25563487 PMCID: PMC11113462 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1809-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
As a peripheral tissue localized at the interface between internal and external environments, skin performs functions which are critical for the preservation of body homeostasis, in coordination with environmental changes. Some of these functions undergo daily variations, such as temperature or water loss, suggesting the presence of time-keeping mechanisms. Rhythmic functions are controlled by a network of circadian oscillators present virtually in every cell and coordinated by the central clock located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei. At the molecular level, circadian rhythms are generated by conserved transcriptional-translational feedback loops involving several clock genes, among which Per1 and Per2 play a central role. Here we characterize clock activity in skin of the transgenic Per1-luciferase rat during postnatal development and adulthood, by real-time recording of bioluminescence in explants and primary dermal fibroblasts, and report marked transformation in circadian properties, from early life to aging. Using primary dermal fibroblast cultures we provide evidence that melatonin treatment phase dependently increases the amplitude of circadian oscillations and that ambient temperature impacts on their period, with slight overcompensation. Together, these findings demonstrate that skin contains a self-sustained circadian clock undergoing age-dependent changes. Dermal fibroblasts, one of the major skin cell types, also exhibit robust, yet specific, circadian rhythmicity which can be fine-tuned by both internal (melatonin) and external (temperature) factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sandu
- Department of Neurobiology of Rhythms, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, UPR 3212 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Taole Liu
- Department of Neurobiology of Rhythms, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, UPR 3212 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - André Malan
- Department of Neurobiology of Rhythms, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, UPR 3212 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Etienne Challet
- Department of Neurobiology of Rhythms, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, UPR 3212 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Paul Pévet
- Department of Neurobiology of Rhythms, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, UPR 3212 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Paule Felder-Schmittbuhl
- Department of Neurobiology of Rhythms, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, UPR 3212 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Olejníková L, Polidarová L, Paušlyová L, Sládek M, Sumová A. Diverse development and higher sensitivity of the circadian clocks to changes in maternal-feeding regime in a rat model of cardio-metabolic disease. Chronobiol Int 2015; 32:531-47. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2015.1014095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
28
|
Batinga H, Martinez-Nicolas A, Zornoza-Moreno M, Sánchez-Solis M, Larqué E, Mondéjar MT, Moreno-Casbas M, García FJ, Campos M, Rol MA, Madrid JA. Ontogeny and aging of the distal skin temperature rhythm in humans. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 37:29. [PMID: 25813804 PMCID: PMC4375132 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-015-9768-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In circadian terms, human ontogeny is characterized by the emergence of a daily pattern, from a previous ultradian pattern, for most variables during the first 6 months of life. Circadian aging in humans is characterized by a phase advance, accompanied by rhythm fragmentation and flattening. Despite an expanding body of literature focused on distal skin temperature, little information is available about the ontogeny and practically nothing about age-related changes in this rhythm. Thus, the aim was to evaluate the degree of maturation and aging of the circadian pattern of distal skin temperature to identify those parameters that are modified throughout life and could be used to differentiate subjects according to their age. For this, distal skin temperature was measured in 197 volunteers (55 % women), including babies aged 15 days (30 subjects), 1 month (28 subjects), 3 months (31 subjects), and 6 months (10 subjects); young adults aged 19 years (37 subjects); middle-aged persons aged 46 years (27 subjects); older people aged 72 (34 subjects). Circadian system maturation was associated with an increase in amplitude and a reduction in skin temperature during sleep. During adulthood, women showed a more robust pattern (lower fragmentation, and higher night-time temperature, amplitude, circadian function index, and first harmonic relative power); however, these differences were lost with aging, a period of life that was consistently associated with a phase advance of the rhythm. In summary, distal skin temperature pattern can be used as a robust variable to discern between different ages throughout the life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H. Batinga
- Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, 30100 Spain
| | - A. Martinez-Nicolas
- Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, 30100 Spain
| | - M. Zornoza-Moreno
- Department of Pediatrics, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - M. Sánchez-Solis
- Department of Pediatrics, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - E. Larqué
- Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, 30100 Spain
| | - M. T. Mondéjar
- Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, 30100 Spain
| | - M. Moreno-Casbas
- Nursing and Healthcare Research Unit (Investén-isciii), Murcia, Spain
| | - F. J. García
- Geriatrics Section, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | - M. Campos
- Department of Computer Science and Systems, University of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, 30100 Spain
| | - M. A. Rol
- Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, 30100 Spain
| | - J. A. Madrid
- Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, 30100 Spain
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Elvira AL, Caldelas I, De Ita-Pérez D, Díaz-Muñoz M. The circadian timing system: a recent addition in the physiological mechanisms underlying pathological and aging processes. Aging Dis 2014; 5:406-18. [PMID: 25489492 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2014.0500406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental findings and clinical observations have strengthened the association between physio-pathologic aspects of several diseases, as well as aging process, with the occurrence and control of circadian rhythms. The circadian system is composed by a principal pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SNC) which is in coordination with a number of peripheral circadian oscillators. Many pathological entities such as metabolic syndrome, cancer and cardiovascular events are strongly connected with a disruptive condition of the circadian cycle. Inadequate circadian physiology can be elicited by genetic defects (mutations in clock genes or circadian control genes) or physiological deficiencies (desynchronization between SCN and peripheral oscillators). In this review, we focus on the most recent experimental findings regarding molecular defects in the molecular circadian clock and the altered coordination in the circadian system that are related with clinical conditions such as metabolic diseases, cancer predisposition and physiological deficiencies associated to jet-lag and shiftwork schedules. Implications in the aging process will be also reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivette Caldelas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Ciudad de México 04510, D.F., MÉXICO
| | - Dalia De Ita-Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Ciudad de México 04510, D.F., MÉXICO
| | - Mauricio Díaz-Muñoz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Ciudad de México 04510, D.F., MÉXICO
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Landgraf D, Koch CE, Oster H. Embryonic development of circadian clocks in the mammalian suprachiasmatic nuclei. Front Neuroanat 2014; 8:143. [PMID: 25520627 PMCID: PMC4249487 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2014.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In most species, self-sustained molecular clocks regulate 24-h rhythms of behavior and physiology. In mammals, a circadian pacemaker residing in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) receives photic signals from the retina and synchronizes subordinate clocks in non-SCN tissues. The emergence of circadian rhythmicity during development has been extensively studied for many years. In mice, neuronal development in the presumptive SCN region of the embryonic hypothalamus occurs on days 12–15 of gestation. Intra-SCN circuits differentiate during the following days and retinal projections reach the SCN, and thus mediate photic entrainment, only after birth. In contrast the genetic components of the clock gene machinery are expressed much earlier and during midgestation SCN explants and isolated neurons are capable of generating molecular oscillations in culture. In vivo metabolic rhythms in the SCN, however, are observed not earlier than the 19th day of rat gestation, and rhythmic expression of clock genes is hardly detectable until after birth. Together these data indicate that cellular coupling and, thus, tissue-wide synchronization of single-cell rhythms, may only develop very late during embryogenesis. In this mini-review we describe the developmental origin of the SCN structure and summarize our current knowledge about the functional initiation and entrainment of the circadian pacemaker during embryonic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Landgraf
- Center of Circadian Biology and Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, and Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Christiane E Koch
- Chronophysiology Group, Medical Department I, University of Lübeck Lübeck, Germany
| | - Henrik Oster
- Chronophysiology Group, Medical Department I, University of Lübeck Lübeck, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lucas-Sánchez A, Martínez-Nicolás A, Madrid JA, Almaida-Pagán PF, Mendiola P, de Costa J. Circadian activity rhythms during the last days ofNothobranchius rachovii’s life: A descriptive model of circadian system breakdown. Chronobiol Int 2014; 32:395-404. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.984040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
32
|
Mészáros K, Pruess L, Szabó AJ, Gondan M, Ritz E, Schaefer F. Development of the circadian clockwork in the kidney. Kidney Int 2014; 86:915-22. [DOI: 10.1038/ki.2014.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
33
|
Du Pré BC, Van Veen TAB, Young ME, Vos MA, Doevendans PA, Van Laake LW. Circadian rhythms in cell maturation. Physiology (Bethesda) 2014; 29:72-83. [PMID: 24382873 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00036.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are of major importance in mammalian physiology and disease. In this review, we give an overview of the present knowledge on origination of circadian rhythms. We discuss the development of both master and peripheral clocks and compare the origination of circadian rhythms in utero and in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bastiaan C Du Pré
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Houdek P, Polidarová L, Nováková M, Matějů K, Kubík Š, Sumová A. Melatonin administered during the fetal stage affects circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus but not in the liver. Dev Neurobiol 2014; 75:131-44. [DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Houdek
- Department of Neurohumoral Regulations; Institute of Physiology, v.v.i., Academy of Science of the Czech Republic; Videnska 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Polidarová
- Department of Neurohumoral Regulations; Institute of Physiology, v.v.i., Academy of Science of the Czech Republic; Videnska 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Marta Nováková
- Department of Neurohumoral Regulations; Institute of Physiology, v.v.i., Academy of Science of the Czech Republic; Videnska 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Matějů
- Department of Neurohumoral Regulations; Institute of Physiology, v.v.i., Academy of Science of the Czech Republic; Videnska 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Štěpán Kubík
- Department of Neurophysiology of Memory; Institute of Physiology, v.v.i., Academy of Science of the Czech Republic; Videnska 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Alena Sumová
- Department of Neurohumoral Regulations; Institute of Physiology, v.v.i., Academy of Science of the Czech Republic; Videnska 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Reiter RJ, Tamura H, Tan DX, Xu XY. Melatonin and the circadian system: contributions to successful female reproduction. Fertil Steril 2014; 102:321-8. [PMID: 24996495 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the role of melatonin and circadian rhythms in determining optimal female reproductive physiology, especially at the peripheral level. DESIGN Databases were searched for the related English-language literature published up to March 1, 2014. Only papers in peer-reviewed journals are cited. SETTING Not applicable. PATIENT(S) Not applicable. INTERVENTION(S) Melatonin treatment, alterations of the normal light:dark cycle and light exposure at night. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Melatonin levels in the blood and in the ovarian follicular fluid and melatonin synthesis, oxidative damage and circadian rhythm disturbances in peripheral reproductive organs. RESULT(S) The central circadian regulatory system is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). The output of this master clock is synchronized to 24 hours by the prevailing light-dark cycle. The SCN regulates rhythms in peripheral cells via the autonomic nervous system and it sends a neural message to the pineal gland where it controls the cyclic production of melatonin; after its release, the melatonin rhythm strengthens peripheral oscillators. Melatonin is also produced in the peripheral reproductive organs, including granulosa cells, the cumulus oophorus, and the oocyte. These cells, along with the blood, may contribute melatonin to the follicular fluid, which has melatonin levels higher than those in the blood. Melatonin is a powerful free radical scavenger and protects the oocyte from oxidative stress, especially at the time of ovulation. The cyclic levels of melatonin in the blood pass through the placenta and aid in the organization of the fetal SCN. In the absence of this synchronizing effect, the offspring may exhibit neurobehavioral deficits. Also, melatonin protects the developing fetus from oxidative stress. Melatonin produced in the placenta likewise may preserve the optimal function of this organ. CONCLUSION(S) Both stable circadian rhythms and cyclic melatonin availability are critical for optimal ovarian physiology and placental function. Because light exposure after darkness onset at night disrupts the master circadian clock and suppresses elevated nocturnal melatonin levels, light at night should be avoided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas.
| | - Hiroshi Tamura
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Dun Xian Tan
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Xiao-Ying Xu
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Mrdalj J, Lundegaard Mattson Å, Murison R, Konow Jellestad F, Milde AM, Pallesen S, Ursin R, Bjorvatn B, Grønli J. Hypothermia after chronic mild stress exposure in rats with a history of postnatal maternal separations. Chronobiol Int 2013; 31:252-64. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2013.846351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
37
|
Reiter RJ, Tan DX, Korkmaz A, Rosales-Corral SA. Melatonin and stable circadian rhythms optimize maternal, placental and fetal physiology. Hum Reprod Update 2013; 20:293-307. [DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmt054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
|
38
|
Albert N, da Silva C, Díez-Noguera A, Cambras T. Different adaptation of the motor activity rhythm to chronic phase shifts between adolescent and adult rats. Behav Brain Res 2013; 252:347-55. [PMID: 23792134 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic phase shifts is a common feature in modern societies, which may induce sleep alterations and other health problems. The effects of phase shift on the circadian rhythms have been described to be more pronounced in old than in young animals. However, few works address the effects of chronic phase shifts during adolescence. Here we tested the development of the motor activity circadian rhythm of young rats under chronic phase shifts, which consisted on 6-h advances (A), 6h delays (D) or 6h advances and delays alternated every 5 days (AD) during the first 60 days after weaning. Moreover, the rhythmic pattern was compared to that of adult rats under the same lighting conditions. Results indicate that adolescent rats, independently on the lighting environment, developed a clear circadian rhythm, whose amplitude increased the first 50 days after weaning and showed a more stable circadian rhythm than adults under the same lighting conditions. In the case of A and AD groups, circadian disruption was observed only in adult rats. In all groups, the offset of activity correlated with light pattern better than the onset, and this correlation was always higher in the case of the rhythm of the pubertal rats. When AD groups were transferred to constant darkness, the group submitted to this condition during adolescence showed shorter period than that submitted in their adulthood. In conclusion, differently from adult rats, adolescent rats submitted to chronic phase shifts did not show circadian disruption and developed a single circadian rhythm, suggesting permanent changes in the circadian system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Albert
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Martín-Robles ÁJ, Whitmore D, Pendón C, Muñoz-Cueto JA. Differential effects of transient constant light-dark conditions on daily rhythms ofPeriodandClocktranscripts during Senegalese sole metamorphosis. Chronobiol Int 2013; 30:699-710. [PMID: 23713834 DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2013.782313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Águeda J Martín-Robles
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), Puerto Real, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lucas-Sánchez A, Almaida-Pagán PF, Martinez-Nicolas A, Madrid JA, Mendiola P, de Costa J. Rest-activity circadian rhythms in aged Nothobranchius korthausae. The effects of melatonin. Exp Gerontol 2013; 48:507-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
41
|
Westrich L, Sprouse J, Sánchez C. The effects of combining serotonin reuptake inhibition and 5-HT7 receptor blockade on circadian rhythm regulation in rodents. Physiol Behav 2012; 110-111:42-50. [PMID: 23276605 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Disruption of circadian rhythms may lead to mood disorders. The present study investigated the potential therapeutic utility of combining a 5-HT7 antagonist with a selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), the standard of care in depression, on circadian rhythm regulation. In tissue explants of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) from PER2::LUC mice genetically modified to report changes in the expression of a key clock protein, the period length of PER2 bioluminescence was shortened in the presence of AS19, a 5-HT7 partial agonist. This reduction was blocked by SB269970, a selective 5-HT7 antagonist. The SSRI, escitalopram, had no effect alone on period length, but a combination with SB269970, yielded significant increases. Dosed in vivo, escitalopram had little impact on the occurrence of activity onsets in rats given access to running wheels, whether the drug was given acutely or sub-chronically. However, preceding the escitalopram treatment with a single acute dose of SB269970 produced robust phase delays, in keeping with the in vitro explant data. Taken together, these findings suggest that the combination of an SSRI and a 5-HT7 receptor antagonist has a greater impact on circadian rhythms than that observed with either agent alone, and that such a multimodal approach may be of therapeutic value in treating patients with poor clock function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ligia Westrich
- Lundbeck Research USA, 215 College Avenue, Paramus, NJ 07652, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Schrader JA, Smale L, Nunez AA. Pregnancy affects FOS rhythms in brain regions regulating sleep/wake state and body temperature in rats. Brain Res 2012; 1480:53-60. [PMID: 22975436 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms in behavior and physiology change substantially as female mammals undergo the transition from a non-pregnant to a pregnant state. Here, we examined the possibility that site-specific changes in brain regions known to regulate the sleep/wake cycle and body temperature might reflect altered rhythms in these overt functions. Specifically, we compared daily patterns of immunoreactive FOS in early pregnant and diestrous rats in the medial septum (MS), vertical and horizontal diagonal bands of Broca (VDB and HDB), perifornical lateral hypothalamus (LH), and ventrolateral, medial, and median preoptic areas (VLPO, MPA, and MnPO, respectively). In the pregnant animals, FOS expression was reduced and the daily rhythms of expression were lost or attenuated in the MS, VDB, and LH, areas known to support wakefulness, and in the MPA, a brain region that may coordinate sleep/wake patterns with temperature changes. However, despite the well-documented differences in sleep patterns between diestrous and pregnant rats, reproductive state did not affect FOS expression in the VLPO or MnPO, two brain regions in which FOS expression usually correlates with sleep. These data indicate that plasticity in sleep/wake patterns during early pregnancy may be driven by a reduction in wakefulness-promotion by the brain, rather than by an increase in sleep drive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Schrader
- Department of Zoology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Hagenauer MH, Lee TM. The neuroendocrine control of the circadian system: adolescent chronotype. Front Neuroendocrinol 2012; 33:211-29. [PMID: 22634481 PMCID: PMC4762453 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2012] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Scientists, public health and school officials are paying growing attention to the mechanism underlying the delayed sleep patterns common in human adolescents. Data suggest that a propensity towards evening chronotype develops during puberty, and may be caused by developmental alterations in internal daily timekeeping. New support for this theory has emerged from recent studies which show that pubertal changes in chronotype occur in many laboratory species similar to human adolescents. Using these species as models, we find that pubertal changes in chronotype differ by sex, are internally generated, and driven by reproductive hormones. These chronotype changes are accompanied by alterations in the fundamental properties of the circadian timekeeping system, including endogenous rhythm period and sensitivity to environmental time cues. After comparing the developmental progression of chronotype in different species, we propose a theory regarding the ecological relevance of adolescent chronotype, and provide suggestions for improving the sleep of human adolescents.
Collapse
|
44
|
Serón-Ferré M, Mendez N, Abarzua-Catalan L, Vilches N, Valenzuela FJ, Reynolds HE, Llanos AJ, Rojas A, Valenzuela GJ, Torres-Farfan C. Circadian rhythms in the fetus. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 349:68-75. [PMID: 21840372 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Revised: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Throughout gestation, the close relationship between mothers and their progeny ensures adequate development and a successful transition to postnatal life. By living inside the maternal compartment, the fetus is inevitably exposed to rhythms of the maternal internal milieu such as temperature; rhythms originated by maternal food intake and maternal melatonin, one of the few maternal hormones that cross the placenta unaltered. The fetus, immature by adult standards, is however perfectly fit to accomplish the dual functions of living in the uterine environment and developing the necessary tools to "mature" for the next step, i.e. to be a competent newborn. In the fetal physiological context, organ function differs from the same organ's function in the newborn and adult. This may also extend to the developing circadian system. The information reviewed here suggests that the fetal circadian system is organized differently from that of the adult. Moreover, the fetal circadian rhythm is not just present simply as the initial immature expression of a mechanism that has function in the postnatal animal only. We propose that the fetal suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus and fetal organs are peripheral maternal circadian oscillators, entrained by different maternal signals. Conceptually, the arrangement produces internal temporal order during fetal life, inside the maternal compartment. Following birth, it will allow for postnatal integration of the scattered fetal circadian clocks into an adult-like circadian system commanded by the SCN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Serón-Ferré
- Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Chile.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
In mammals, the circadian system is composed of the central clock in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei and of peripheral clocks that are located in other neural structures and in cells of the peripheral tissues and organs. In adults, the system is hierarchically organized so that the central clock provides the other clocks in the body with information about the time of day. This information is needed for the adaptation of their functions to cyclically changing external conditions. During ontogenesis, the system undergoes substantial development and its sensitivity to external signals changes. Perinatally, maternal cues are responsible for setting the phase of the developing clock, while later postnatally, the LD cycle is dominant. The central clock attains its functional properties during a gradual and programmed process. Peripheral clocks begin to exhibit rhythmicity independent of each other at various developmental stages. During the early developmental stages, the peripheral clocks are set or driven by maternal feeding, but later the central clock becomes fully functional and begins to entrain the periphery. During the perinatal period, the central and peripheral clocks seem to be vulnerable to disturbances in external conditions. Further studies are needed to understand the processes of how the circadian system develops and what degree of plasticity and resilience it possesses during ontogenesis. These data may lead to an assessment of the contribution of disturbances of the circadian system during early ontogenesis to the occurrence of circadian diseases in adulthood.
Collapse
|
46
|
Christ E, Korf HW, von Gall C. When does it start ticking? Ontogenetic development of the mammalian circadian system. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2012; 199:105-118. [PMID: 22877661 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-59427-3.00006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms in physiology and behavior ensure that vital functions are temporally synchronized with cyclic environmental changes. In mammals, the circadian system is conducted by a central circadian rhythm generator that resides in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and controls multiple subsidiary circadian oscillators in the periphery. The molecular clockwork in SCN and peripheral oscillators consists of autoregulatory transcriptional/translational feedback loops of clock genes. The adult circadian system is synchronized to the astrophysical day by light whereas the fetal and neonatal circadian system entrains to nonphotic rhythmic maternal signals. This chapter reviews maturation and entrainment of the central circadian rhythm generator in the SCN and of peripheral oscillators during ontogenetic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elmar Christ
- Dr. Senckenbergische Anatomie II, Fachbereich Medizin, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Horst-Werner Korf
- Dr. Senckenbergische Anatomie II, Fachbereich Medizin, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Dr. Senckenbergisches Chronomedizinisches Institut, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Charlotte von Gall
- Dr. Senckenbergische Anatomie II, Fachbereich Medizin, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Dr. Senckenbergisches Chronomedizinisches Institut, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lucas-Sánchez A, Almaida-Pagán P, Madrid J, de Costa J, Mendiola P. Age-related changes in fatty acid profile and locomotor activity rhythms in Nothobranchius korthausae. Exp Gerontol 2011; 46:970-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2011.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Revised: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
48
|
Díaz-Fleischer F, Arredondo J. Light conditions affect sexual performance in a lekking tephritid fruit fly. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 214:2595-602. [PMID: 21753054 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.055004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sensory systems are very susceptible to early environment experience. Mating success depends on the transmission of information from the signaller to the receiver, which means that sensory biases caused by developmental environment are likely to affect sexual selection. We investigated the impact of the developmental visual environment (light spectrum) on male copulation behaviour and female preference in the lekking tephritid Anastrepha ludens. We reared flies in four different light spectrum conditions - red light, blue light, shaded light and darkness - during their first 16 days after emerging from pupae. We found that the light environment experienced during early adulthood affected mating frequency and, in some cases, the latency to copulate, but not copulation duration. Males exposed to any of the three light treatments (red, blue or shaded light) were more frequently chosen as mating partners than dark-reared males. Flies reared under dark conditions exhibited the lowest mating performance out of any of the rearing environments. Under field cage conditions, a slight assortative mating between blue- and red-light-reared flies was detected. Additionally, females reared in blue light and darkness mated less compared with females reared in red and shaded light. Our data demonstrate that male mating behaviour is flexible in response to light environment. The findings suggest that light spectrum only weakly affects the direction of sexual selection by female choice; however, dark rearing environments deeply affect mating success.
Collapse
|
49
|
González-Menéndez I, Contreras F, García-Fernández JM, Cernuda-Cernuda R. Perinatal development of melanopsin expression in the mouse retina. Brain Res 2011; 1419:12-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Revised: 08/17/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
50
|
Hagenauer MH, King AF, Possidente B, McGinnis MY, Lumia AR, Peckham EM, Lee TM. Changes in circadian rhythms during puberty in Rattus norvegicus: developmental time course and gonadal dependency. Horm Behav 2011; 60:46-57. [PMID: 21397604 PMCID: PMC3112245 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2011.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Revised: 01/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
During puberty, humans develop a later chronotype, exhibiting a phase-delayed daily rest/activity rhythm. The purpose of this study was to determine: 1) whether similar changes in chronotype occur during puberty in a laboratory rodent species, 2) whether these changes are due to pubertal hormones affecting the circadian timekeeping system. We tracked the phasing and distribution of wheel-running activity rhythms during post-weaning development in rats that were gonadectomized before puberty or left intact. We found that intact peripubertal rats had activity rhythms that were phase-delayed relative to adults. Young rats also exhibited a bimodal nocturnal activity distribution. As puberty progressed, bimodality diminished and late-night activity phase-advanced until it consolidated with early-night activity. By late puberty, intact rats showed a strong, unimodal rhythm that peaked at the beginning of the night. These pubertal changes in circadian phase were more pronounced in males than females. Increases in gonadal hormones during puberty partially accounted for these changes, as rats that were gonadectomized before puberty demonstrated smaller phase changes than intact rats and maintained ultradian rhythms into adulthood. We investigated the role of photic entrainment by comparing circadian development under constant and entrained conditions. We found that the period (τ) of free-running rhythms developed sex differences during puberty. These changes in τ did not account for pubertal changes in entrained circadian phase, as the consolidation of activity at the beginning of the subjective night persisted under constant conditions in both sexes. We conclude that the circadian system continues to develop in a hormone-sensitive manner during puberty.
Collapse
|