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Conte E, Mantuano P, Boccanegra B, Imbrici P, Dinoi G, Lenti R, Cappellari O, Cappetta D, De Angelis A, Berrino L, Gordish-Dressman H, Bianchini G, Aramini A, Allegretti M, Liantonio A, De Luca A. Branched-chain amino acids and L-alanine supplementation ameliorate calcium dyshomeostasis in sarcopenia: New insights for nutritional interventions. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1393746. [PMID: 38962308 PMCID: PMC11220240 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1393746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: During aging, sarcopenia and decline in physiological processes lead to partial loss of muscle strength, atrophy, and increased fatigability. Muscle changes may be related to a reduced intake of essential amino acids playing a role in proteostasis. We have recently shown that branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplements improve atrophy and weakness in models of muscle disuse and aging. Considering the key roles that the alteration of Ca2+-related homeostasis and store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) play in several muscle dysfunctions, this study has been aimed at gaining insight into the potential ability of BCAA-based dietary formulations in aged mice on various players of Ca2+ dyshomeostasis. Methods: Seventeen-month-old male C57BL/6J mice received a 12-week supplementation with BCAAs alone or boosted with two equivalents of L-alanine (2-Ala) or with dipeptide L-alanyl-L-alanine (Di-Ala) in drinking water. Outcomes were evaluated on ex vivo skeletal muscles indices vs. adult 3-month-old male C57BL/6J mice. Results: Ca2+ imaging confirmed a decrease in SOCE and an increase of resting Ca2+ concentration in aged vs. adult mice without alteration in the canonical components of SOCE. Aged muscles vs. adult muscles were characterized by a decrease in the expression of ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1), the Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPase (SERCA) pump, and sarcalumenin together with an alteration of the expression of mitsugumin 29 and mitsugumin 53, two recently recognized players in the SOCE mechanism. BCAAs, particularly the formulation BCAAs+2-Ala, were able to ameliorate all these alterations. Discussion: These results provide evidence that Ca2+ homeostasis dysfunction plays a role in the functional deficit observed in aged muscle and supports the interest of dietary BCAA supplementation in counteracting sarcopenia-related SOCE dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Conte
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Mantuano
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Brigida Boccanegra
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Imbrici
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgia Dinoi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Lenti
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Ornella Cappellari
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Donato Cappetta
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonella De Angelis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Liberato Berrino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Heather Gordish-Dressman
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Gianluca Bianchini
- Research & Early Development, Dompé farmaceutici S.p.A., L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrea Aramini
- Research & Early Development, Dompé farmaceutici S.p.A., L’Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Liantonio
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Annamaria De Luca
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
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Terrell K, Choi S, Choi S. Calcium's Role and Signaling in Aging Muscle, Cellular Senescence, and Mineral Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17034. [PMID: 38069357 PMCID: PMC10706910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium research, since its pivotal discovery in the early 1800s through the heating of limestone, has led to the identification of its multi-functional roles. These include its functions as a reducing agent in chemical processes, structural properties in shells and bones, and significant role in cells relating to this review: cellular signaling. Calcium signaling involves the movement of calcium ions within or between cells, which can affect the electrochemical gradients between intra- and extracellular membranes, ligand binding, enzyme activity, and other mechanisms that determine cell fate. Calcium signaling in muscle, as elucidated by the sliding filament model, plays a significant role in muscle contraction. However, as organisms age, alterations occur within muscle tissue. These changes include sarcopenia, loss of neuromuscular junctions, and changes in mineral concentration, all of which have implications for calcium's role. Additionally, a field of study that has gained recent attention, cellular senescence, is associated with aging and disturbed calcium homeostasis, and is thought to affect sarcopenia progression. Changes seen in calcium upon aging may also be influenced by its crosstalk with other minerals such as iron and zinc. This review investigates the role of calcium signaling in aging muscle and cellular senescence. We also aim to elucidate the interactions among calcium, iron, and zinc across various cells and conditions, ultimately deepening our understanding of calcium signaling in muscle aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sangyong Choi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture, Health, and Natural Resources, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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3
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Zhou X, Cho JH, Yi J, Choi K, Park KH, Zhu H, Cai C, Haggard E, Zhou J, Ko JK, Ma J. Quantification of autophagy flux in isolated mouse skeletal muscle fibers with overexpression of fluorescent protein mCherry-EGFP-LC3. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:101871. [PMID: 36856767 PMCID: PMC9898804 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Evaluation of autophagy flux could be challenging for muscle fibers due to the baseline expression of mCherry-EGFP-LC3 along the Z-line. We established a protocol to overcome this difficulty. We overexpress mChery-EGFP-LC3 in the FDB muscle of an adult mouse via electroporation. Then, we enzymatically digest FDB muscle to yield individual fibers for live cell imaging. Finally, we develop an ImageJ-based program to eliminate the baseline striation pattern and semi-automatically quantify autophagosomes (APs) and autolysosomes (ALs) for autophagy flux analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhou
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Ju Hwan Cho
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jianxun Yi
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76109, USA
| | - Kyounghan Choi
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ki Ho Park
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Chuanxi Cai
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Erin Haggard
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jingsong Zhou
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76109, USA.
| | - Jae-Kyun Ko
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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4
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Dowling P, Gargan S, Swandulla D, Ohlendieck K. Fiber-Type Shifting in Sarcopenia of Old Age: Proteomic Profiling of the Contractile Apparatus of Skeletal Muscles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032415. [PMID: 36768735 PMCID: PMC9916839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and concomitant reduction in contractile strength plays a central role in frailty syndrome. Age-related neuronal impairments are closely associated with sarcopenia in the elderly, which is characterized by severe muscular atrophy that can considerably lessen the overall quality of life at old age. Mass-spectrometry-based proteomic surveys of senescent human skeletal muscles, as well as animal models of sarcopenia, have decisively improved our understanding of the molecular and cellular consequences of muscular atrophy and associated fiber-type shifting during aging. This review outlines the mass spectrometric identification of proteome-wide changes in atrophying skeletal muscles, with a focus on contractile proteins as potential markers of changes in fiber-type distribution patterns. The observed trend of fast-to-slow transitions in individual human skeletal muscles during the aging process is most likely linked to a preferential susceptibility of fast-twitching muscle fibers to muscular atrophy. Studies with senescent animal models, including mostly aged rodent skeletal muscles, have confirmed fiber-type shifting. The proteomic analysis of fast versus slow isoforms of key contractile proteins, such as myosin heavy chains, myosin light chains, actins, troponins and tropomyosins, suggests them as suitable bioanalytical tools of fiber-type transitions during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Stephen Gargan
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Dieter Swandulla
- Institute of Physiology, University of Bonn, D53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kay Ohlendieck
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-1-7083842
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5
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Paez HG, Pitzer CR, Alway SE. Age-Related Dysfunction in Proteostasis and Cellular Quality Control in the Development of Sarcopenia. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020249. [PMID: 36672183 PMCID: PMC9856405 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a debilitating skeletal muscle disease that accelerates in the last decades of life and is characterized by marked deficits in muscle strength, mass, quality, and metabolic health. The multifactorial causes of sarcopenia have proven difficult to treat and involve a complex interplay between environmental factors and intrinsic age-associated changes. It is generally accepted that sarcopenia results in a progressive loss of skeletal muscle function that exceeds the loss of mass, indicating that while loss of muscle mass is important, loss of muscle quality is the primary defect with advanced age. Furthermore, preclinical models have suggested that aged skeletal muscle exhibits defects in cellular quality control such as the degradation of damaged mitochondria. Recent evidence suggests that a dysregulation of proteostasis, an important regulator of cellular quality control, is a significant contributor to the aging-associated declines in muscle quality, function, and mass. Although skeletal muscle mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) plays a critical role in cellular control, including skeletal muscle hypertrophy, paradoxically, sustained activation of mTORC1 recapitulates several characteristics of sarcopenia. Pharmaceutical inhibition of mTORC1 as well as caloric restriction significantly improves muscle quality in aged animals, however, the mechanisms controlling cellular proteostasis are not fully known. This information is important for developing effective therapeutic strategies that mitigate or prevent sarcopenia and associated disability. This review identifies recent and historical understanding of the molecular mechanisms of proteostasis driving age-associated muscle loss and suggests potential therapeutic interventions to slow or prevent sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector G. Paez
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Center for Muscle, Metabolism and Neuropathology, Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Christopher R. Pitzer
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Center for Muscle, Metabolism and Neuropathology, Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Stephen E. Alway
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Center for Muscle, Metabolism and Neuropathology, Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- The Tennessee Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Correspondence:
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Sun D, Wang Z, Mou J, Tian F, Cao J, Guo L, Liu P. Characteristics of paraspinal muscle degeneration in degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine at different ages. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2022; 223:107484. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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7
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Conte E, Imbrici P, Mantuano P, Coppola MA, Camerino GM, De Luca A, Liantonio A. Alteration of STIM1/Orai1-Mediated SOCE in Skeletal Muscle: Impact in Genetic Muscle Diseases and Beyond. Cells 2021; 10:2722. [PMID: 34685702 PMCID: PMC8534495 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ ions represent a signaling mediator that plays a critical role in regulating different muscular cellular processes. Ca2+ homeostasis preservation is essential for maintaining skeletal muscle structure and function. Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), a Ca2+-entry process activated by depletion of intracellular stores contributing to the regulation of various function in many cell types, is pivotal to ensure a proper Ca2+ homeostasis in muscle fibers. It is coordinated by STIM1, the main Ca2+ sensor located in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and ORAI1 protein, a Ca2+-permeable channel located on transverse tubules. It is commonly accepted that Ca2+ entry via SOCE has the crucial role in short- and long-term muscle function, regulating and adapting many cellular processes including muscle contractility, postnatal development, myofiber phenotype and plasticity. Lack or mutations of STIM1 and/or Orai1 and the consequent SOCE alteration have been associated with serious consequences for muscle function. Importantly, evidence suggests that SOCE alteration can trigger a change of intracellular Ca2+ signaling in skeletal muscle, participating in the pathogenesis of different progressive muscle diseases such as tubular aggregate myopathy, muscular dystrophy, cachexia, and sarcopenia. This review provides a brief overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying STIM1/Orai1-dependent SOCE in skeletal muscle, focusing on how SOCE alteration could contribute to skeletal muscle wasting disorders and on how SOCE components could represent pharmacological targets with high therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Conte
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (P.I.); (P.M.); (M.A.C.); (G.M.C.); (A.D.L.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Antonella Liantonio
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (P.I.); (P.M.); (M.A.C.); (G.M.C.); (A.D.L.)
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8
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Michelucci A, Liang C, Protasi F, Dirksen RT. Altered Ca 2+ Handling and Oxidative Stress Underlie Mitochondrial Damage and Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction in Aging and Disease. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11070424. [PMID: 34203260 PMCID: PMC8304741 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11070424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle contraction relies on both high-fidelity calcium (Ca2+) signals and robust capacity for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation. Ca2+ release units (CRUs) are highly organized junctions between the terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and the transverse tubule (T-tubule). CRUs provide the structural framework for rapid elevations in myoplasmic Ca2+ during excitation-contraction (EC) coupling, the process whereby depolarization of the T-tubule membrane triggers SR Ca2+ release through ryanodine receptor-1 (RyR1) channels. Under conditions of local or global depletion of SR Ca2+ stores, store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) provides an additional source of Ca2+ that originates from the extracellular space. In addition to Ca2+, skeletal muscle also requires ATP to both produce force and to replenish SR Ca2+ stores. Mitochondria are the principal intracellular organelles responsible for ATP production via aerobic respiration. This review provides a broad overview of the literature supporting a role for impaired Ca2+ handling, dysfunctional Ca2+-dependent production of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), and structural/functional alterations in CRUs and mitochondria in the loss of muscle mass, reduction in muscle contractility, and increase in muscle damage in sarcopenia and a wide range of muscle disorders including muscular dystrophy, rhabdomyolysis, central core disease, and disuse atrophy. Understanding the impact of these processes on normal muscle function will provide important insights into potential therapeutic targets designed to prevent or reverse muscle dysfunction during aging and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Michelucci
- DNICS, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (C.L.); (R.T.D.)
| | - Feliciano Protasi
- CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, DMSI, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Robert T. Dirksen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (C.L.); (R.T.D.)
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9
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Padilla CJ, Harrigan ME, Harris H, Schwab JM, Rutkove SB, Rich MM, Clark BC, Arnold WD. Profiling age-related muscle weakness and wasting: neuromuscular junction transmission as a driver of age-related physical decline. GeroScience 2021; 43:1265-1281. [PMID: 33895959 PMCID: PMC8190265 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00369-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological age-related loss of skeletal muscle strength and mass contribute to impaired physical function in older adults. Factors that promote the development of these conditions remain incompletely understood, impeding development of effective and specific diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Inconclusive evidence across species suggests disruption of action potential signal transmission at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), the crucial connection between the nervous and muscular systems, as a possible contributor to age-related muscle dysfunction. Here we investigated age-related loss of NMJ function using clinically relevant, electrophysiological measures (single-fiber electromyography (SFEMG) and repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS)) in aged (26 months) versus young (6 months) F344 rats. Measures of muscle function (e.g., grip strength, peak plantarflexion contractility torque) and mass were assessed for correlations with physiological measures (e.g., indices of NMJ transmission). Other outcomes also included plantarflexion muscle contractility tetanic torque fade during 1-s trains of stimulation as well as gastrocnemius motor unit size and number. Profiling NMJ function in aged rats identified significant declines in NMJ transmission stability and reliability. Further, NMJ deficits were tightly correlated with hindlimb grip strength, gastrocnemius muscle weight, loss of peak contractility torque, degree of tetanic fade, and motor unit loss. Thus, these findings provide direct evidence for NMJ dysfunction as a potential mechanism of age-related muscle dysfunction pathogenesis and severity. These findings also suggest that NMJ transmission modulation may serve as a target for therapeutic development for age-related loss of physical function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J Padilla
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 1060 Carmack Road, Room 207, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Markus E Harrigan
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 1060 Carmack Road, Room 207, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Hallie Harris
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 1060 Carmack Road, Room 207, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jan M Schwab
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 1060 Carmack Road, Room 207, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Neurological Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Seward B Rutkove
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark M Rich
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Brian C Clark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - W David Arnold
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 1060 Carmack Road, Room 207, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
- The Neurological Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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10
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Jang SH, Lee J, Lee O. Micro- and nano-tomography analysis of mouse soleus muscle using radiation. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:2685-2693. [PMID: 34021519 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we analyze radiation images of muscle structure of mice soleus muscles using radiation source-based microtomography and nanotomography. Soleus muscle samples were collected for analysis from 8-week-old male Institute of Cancer Research mice. First, phase-contrast X-ray microtomography was employed in these experiments. Then to obtain images with excellent contrast, imaging was performed using monochromatic light with excellent transmission power. To analyze additional muscle structures in higher magnification images than these images, nanotomography was performed, which facilitated obtaining high-magnification and high-resolution images. Muscle tissue microstructures were confirmed through three-dimensional images obtained from phase-contrast X-ray microtomography. Thus, the muscle tissue's overall shape at microscopic level can be captured. Additionally, a single muscle fiber was examined using hard X-ray nano-imaging, through which we could observe the alignment of countless myofibrils, that is, actin and myosin filaments in the muscle fibers. Thus, the methodology adopted here proved to be advantageous in analyzing the muscle tissue's overall structure with microtomography and in observing the myofibrils in detail using nanotomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hun Jang
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Life Science, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong-eup, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Lee
- Department of Software Convergence, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan City, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Onseok Lee
- Department of Software Convergence, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan City, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical IT Engineering, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan City, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
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Heo JW, No MH, Cho J, Choi Y, Cho EJ, Park DH, Kim TW, Kim CJ, Seo DY, Han J, Jang YC, Jung SJ, Kang JH, Kwak HB. Moderate aerobic exercise training ameliorates impairment of mitochondrial function and dynamics in skeletal muscle of high-fat diet-induced obese mice. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21340. [PMID: 33455027 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002394r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine whether moderate aerobic exercise training improves high-fat diet-induced alterations in mitochondrial function and structure in the skeletal muscle. Male 4-week-old C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: control (CON), control plus exercise (CON + EX), high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet plus exercise (HFD + EX). After obesity was induced by 20 weeks of 60% HFD, treadmill exercise training was performed at 13-16 m/min, 40-50 min/day, and 6 days/week for 12 weeks. Mitochondrial structure, function, and dynamics, and mitophagy were analyzed in the skeletal muscle fibers from the red gastrocnemius. Exercise training increased mitochondrial number and area and reduced high-fat diet-induced obesity and hyperglycemia. In addition, exercise training attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction in the permeabilized myofibers, indicating that HFD-induced decrease of mitochondrial O2 respiration and Ca2+ retention capacity and increase of mitochondrial H2 O2 emission were attenuated in the HFD + EX group compared to the HFD group. Exercise also ameliorated HFD-induced imbalance of mitochondrial fusion and fission, demonstrating that HFD-induced decrease in fusion protein levels was elevated, and increase in fission protein levels was reduced in the HFD + EX groups compared with the HFD group. Moreover, dysregulation of mitophagy induced by HFD was mitigated in the HFD + EX group, indicating a decrease in PINK1 protein level. Our findings demonstrated that moderate aerobic exercise training mitigated obesity-induced insulin resistance by improving mitochondrial function, and reversed obesity-induced mitochondrial structural damage by improving mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy, suggesting that moderate aerobic exercise training may play a therapeutic role in protecting the skeletal muscle against mitochondrial impairments and insulin resistance induced by obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Won Heo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Sports & Arts Convergence, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hyun No
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyung Cho
- Institute of Sports & Arts Convergence, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngju Choi
- Institute of Sports & Arts Convergence, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jeong Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Sports & Arts Convergence, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Sports & Arts Convergence, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Woon Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ju Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Yun Seo
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Han
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young C Jang
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Su-Jeen Jung
- Department of Leisure Sports, Seoil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Sports & Arts Convergence, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Bum Kwak
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Sports & Arts Convergence, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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12
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Sermersheim M, Kenney AD, Lin PH, McMichael TM, Cai C, Gumpper K, Adesanya TMA, Li H, Zhou X, Park KH, Yount JS, Ma J. MG53 suppresses interferon-β and inflammation via regulation of ryanodine receptor-mediated intracellular calcium signaling. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3624. [PMID: 32681036 PMCID: PMC7368064 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17177-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
TRIM family proteins play integral roles in the innate immune response to virus infection. MG53 (TRIM72) is essential for cell membrane repair and is believed to be a muscle-specific TRIM protein. Here we show human macrophages express MG53, and MG53 protein expression is reduced following virus infection. Knockdown of MG53 in macrophages leads to increases in type I interferon (IFN) upon infection. MG53 knockout mice infected with influenza virus show comparable influenza virus titres to wild type mice, but display increased morbidity accompanied by more accumulation of CD45+ cells and elevation of IFNβ in the lung. We find that MG53 knockdown results in activation of NFκB signalling, which is linked to an increase in intracellular calcium oscillation mediated by ryanodine receptor (RyR). MG53 inhibits IFNβ induction in an RyR-dependent manner. This study establishes MG53 as a new target for control of virus-induced morbidity and tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Sermersheim
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Adam D Kenney
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Pei-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Temet M McMichael
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chuanxi Cai
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kristyn Gumpper
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - T M Ayodele Adesanya
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Haichang Li
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ki-Ho Park
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jacob S Yount
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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13
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Anjo I, Amaral TF, Afonso C, Borges N, Santos A, Moreira P, Padrão P. Are hypohydrated older adults at increased risk of exhaustion? J Hum Nutr Diet 2019; 33:23-30. [PMID: 31578795 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dehydration appears to affect muscle strength and weakness, although its influence on exhaustion remains unclear. The present study aimed to quantify the association between hydration status and exhaustion among older adults. METHODS A cluster sampling approach was used, representing Portuguese older adults (≥65 years) according to age, sex, education level and region within the Nutrition UP65 cross-sectional study. A 24-h urine sample was collected to estimate free water reserve (FWR), which was categorised into tertiles according to sex. Subjects with incomplete 24-h urine and renal disease were excluded. From a sample size of 1500 subjects, 1143 were eligible. Exhaustion was self-reported according to the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. A logistic regression model was conducted to evaluate the association between FWR and exhaustion. Odds ratios and the respective 95% confidence intervals were calculated by sex and age. RESULTS Free water reserve median (interquartile range) was 0.52 (0.68) L in women and 0.36 (0.77) L in men. Hypohydration affected 11.6% of women and 25.1% of men, whereas exhaustion was reported by 39.3% of women and 25.1% of men. After adjusting for confounders, women ≥80 years classified in the highest tertile of FWR showed a decreased risk of exhaustion (third tertile: odds ratio = 0.38; 95% confidence interval = 0.15-0.96) compared to women in the lowest FWR tertile. No such significant association was observed in women with <80 years and in men. CONCLUSIONS These results show an association between worse hydration status and exhaustion in older women, highlighting the need to implement further studies clarifying this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Anjo
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - T F Amaral
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculdade de Engenharia, UISPA-IDMEC, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Afonso
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - N Borges
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CINTESIS - Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Santos
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - P Moreira
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centro de Atividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - P Padrão
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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14
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Mohamed AA. Can Proprioceptive Training Reduce Muscle Fatigue in Patients With Motor Neuron Diseases? A New Direction of Treatment. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1243. [PMID: 31632290 PMCID: PMC6779805 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle fatigue is a serious problem in patients with motor neuron diseases (MNDs). It commonly disturbs both daily life activity and rehabilitation tolerance. A particular concern should be taken when MNDs occur in older ages. Older patients with MNDs usually have a worse clinical presentation and a lower survival rate. This could increase the occurrence of muscle fatigue. Muscle fatigue occurs due to a dysfunction in either motor or sensory systems. Current exercise interventions performed to decrease the occurrence of muscle fatigue focused only on treating motor causes of muscle fatigue. It has been demonstrated that these interventions have a high debate in their effectiveness on decreasing the occurrence of muscle fatigue. Also, these exercise interventions ignored training the affected sensory part of muscle fatigue, however, the important role of the sensory system in driving the motor system. Thus, this review aimed to develop a novel exercise intervention by using proprioceptive training as an intervention to decrease the occurrence of muscle fatigue in patients with MNDs particularly, older ones. The physiological effects of proprioceptive training to decrease the occurrence of muscle fatigue could include two effects. The first effect includes the ability of the proprioceptive training to increase the sensitivity of muscle spindles as an attempt to normalize the firing rate of α-motoneurons, which their abnormalities have major roles in the occurrence of muscle fatigue. The second effect includes its ability to correct the abnormal movement-compensations, which develop due to the biomechanical constraints imposed on patients with MNDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman A. Mohamed
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey
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15
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Multi-Staged Regulation of Lipid Signaling Mediators during Myogenesis by COX-1/2 Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184326. [PMID: 31487817 PMCID: PMC6769623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenases (COXs), including COX-1 and -2, are enzymes essential for lipid mediator (LMs) syntheses from arachidonic acid (AA), such as prostaglandins (PGs). Furthermore, COXs could interplay with other enzymes such as lipoxygenases (LOXs) and cytochrome P450s (CYPs) to regulate the signaling of LMs. In this study, to comprehensively analyze the function of COX-1 and -2 in regulating the signaling of bioactive LMs in skeletal muscle, mouse primary myoblasts and C2C12 cells were transfected with specific COX-1 and -2 siRNAs, followed by targeted lipidomic analysis and customized quantitative PCR gene array analysis. Knocking down COXs, particularly COX-1, significantly reduced the release of PGs from muscle cells, especially PGE2 and PGF2α, as well as oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA). Moreover, COXs could interplay with LOXs to regulate the signaling of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs). The changes in LMs are associated with the expression of genes, such as Itrp1 (calcium signaling) and Myh7 (myogenic differentiation), in skeletal muscle. In conclusion, both COX-1 and -2 contribute to LMs production during myogenesis in vitro, and COXs could interact with LOXs during this process. These interactions and the fine-tuning of the levels of these LMs are most likely important for skeletal muscle myogenesis, and potentially, muscle repair and regeneration.
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16
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Zhou J, Li A, Li X, Yi J. Dysregulated mitochondrial Ca 2+ and ROS signaling in skeletal muscle of ALS mouse model. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 663:249-258. [PMID: 30682329 PMCID: PMC6506190 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neuromuscular disease characterized by motor neuron loss and prominent skeletal muscle wasting. Despite more than one hundred years of research efforts, the pathogenic mechanisms underlying neuromuscular degeneration in ALS remain elusive. While the death of motor neuron is a defining hallmark of ALS, accumulated evidences suggested that in addition to being a victim of motor neuron axonal withdrawal, the intrinsic skeletal muscle degeneration may also actively contribute to ALS disease pathogenesis and progression. Examination of spinal cord and muscle autopsy/biopsy samples of ALS patients revealed similar mitochondrial abnormalities in morphology, quantity and disposition, which are accompanied by defective mitochondrial respiratory chain complex and elevated oxidative stress. Detailing the molecular/cellular mechanisms and the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in ALS relies on ALS animal model studies. This review article discusses the dysregulated mitochondrial Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling revealed in live skeletal muscle derived from ALS mouse models, and a potential role of the vicious cycle formed between the dysregulated mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling and excessive ROS production in promoting muscle wasting during ALS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Zhou
- Kansas City University of Medicine and Bioscience, Kansas City, MO 64106, USA; College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
| | - Ang Li
- Kansas City University of Medicine and Bioscience, Kansas City, MO 64106, USA; College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Xuejun Li
- Kansas City University of Medicine and Bioscience, Kansas City, MO 64106, USA; College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Jianxun Yi
- Kansas City University of Medicine and Bioscience, Kansas City, MO 64106, USA; College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
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17
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Skeletal muscle excitation-metabolism coupling. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 664:89-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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18
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Cholesterol and the Safety Factor for Neuromuscular Transmission. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051046. [PMID: 30823359 PMCID: PMC6429197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A present review is devoted to the analysis of literature data and results of own research. Skeletal muscle neuromuscular junction is specialized to trigger the striated muscle fiber contraction in response to motor neuron activity. The safety factor at the neuromuscular junction strongly depends on a variety of pre- and postsynaptic factors. The review focuses on the crucial role of membrane cholesterol to maintain a high efficiency of neuromuscular transmission. Cholesterol metabolism in the neuromuscular junction, its role in the synaptic vesicle cycle and neurotransmitter release, endplate electrogenesis, as well as contribution of cholesterol to the synaptogenesis, synaptic integrity, and motor disorders are discussed.
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19
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Goulet EDB, Mélançon MO, Lafrenière D, Paquin J, Maltais M, Morais JA. Impact of Mild Hypohydration on Muscle Endurance, Power, and Strength in Healthy, Active Older Men. J Strength Cond Res 2019; 32:3405-3415. [PMID: 28234715 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000001857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Goulet, EDB, Mélançon, MO, Lafrenière, D, Paquin, J, Maltais, M, and Morais, JA. Impact of mild hypohydration on muscle endurance, power, and strength in healthy, active older men. J Strength Cond Res 32(12): 3414-3424, 2018-Under particular circumstances older persons may be vulnerable to developing mild chronic hypohydration. In young adults, hypohydration has been shown to impair muscle endurance, power and strength. Muscle performance declines with aging, a condition known as dynapenia. How hypohydration impacts muscle performance in older persons remains unclear. In this study, we examined this question, believing it may identify a factor exacerbating dynapenia. One-hour after having been passively exposed to heat where either a body mass loss of 1% was induced or euhydration maintained with fluid ingestion, 8 healthy, active older men (age: 68 ± 5 years) completed an exercise testing session where indices of muscle strength (30-second chair stand, grip strength, maximal isometric seated leg-press extension), endurance (seated leg-curl flexion + seated leg-press extension to exhaustion at 60% of 1 repetition maximum), and power (30-second Wingate test) were assessed. Gastrointestinal temperature before exercise testing was not significantly different from that measured before heat exposure with neither hydration regimen. Magnitude-based inferential statistics indicate that from a clinical perspective, the effect of hypohydration on 30-second chair stand (-1.0 ± 4.4%) is possibly harmful, for grip strength (-2.4 ± 4.1%), lower limbs endurance (-7.5 ± 11.2%), and anaerobic power (-3.9 ± 4.3%) likely detrimental, and unclear with respect to maximal isometric lower limb strength. Maintaining adequate hydration in older men is important, since hypohydration of only 1% body mass could impede muscle endurance, power and strength and, consequently, worsen the impact of dynapenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D B Goulet
- Department of Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.,Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Michel O Mélançon
- School of Readaptation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - David Lafrenière
- Department of Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Jasmine Paquin
- Department of Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Maltais
- Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - José A Morais
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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20
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Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to explore the role of miRNAs in the process of skeletal muscle aging. Materials and methods We analyzed the miRNA microarray datasets from 19 young and 17 old skeletal muscle samples by bioinformatic analysis. Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified, followed by function and pathway enrichment analysis. The expression of miRNAs were validated by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis. Results A total of 23 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in old muscle samples based on two platforms. Gene targets of upregulated miRNAs were significantly enriched in the oxytocin signaling pathway, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, and Notch signaling pathway. The target genes of downregulated miRNAs were significantly related to gap junction, salivary secretion, and estrogen signaling pathway. has-miR-19a and hsa-miR-34a were significant nodes in the miRNA regulatory network. has-miR-19a was closely related to the AMPK signaling pathway. hsa-miR-34a was closely related to cellular senescence and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. PCR analysis showed that the expression of has-miR-34a-5p and has-miR-449b-5p was significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group, while no significant difference was observed in the expression of has-miR-19a-3p and has-miR-144-3p between the two groups. Furthermore, the expression of key target genes involved in cellular senescence (sirtuin 1 [SITRI]), MAPK signaling pathway (vascular endothelial growth factor A [VEGFA]), and AMPK signaling pathway (protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1 [PRKAA1] and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2-,6-biphosphatase 3 [PFKFB3]) were significantly increased in patients with sarcopenia. Conclusion has-miR-19a and hsa-miR-34a may play regulatory roles in the aging process of skeletal muscles and may be candidate targets to prevent muscle aging. Further experimental validations are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zheng
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China,
| | - Jian Kong
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China,
| | - Qun Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China,
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China,
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21
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Mamoshina P, Volosnikova M, Ozerov IV, Putin E, Skibina E, Cortese F, Zhavoronkov A. Machine Learning on Human Muscle Transcriptomic Data for Biomarker Discovery and Tissue-Specific Drug Target Identification. Front Genet 2018; 9:242. [PMID: 30050560 PMCID: PMC6052089 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For the past several decades, research in understanding the molecular basis of human muscle aging has progressed significantly. However, the development of accessible tissue-specific biomarkers of human muscle aging that may be measured to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions is still a major challenge. Here we present a method for tracking age-related changes of human skeletal muscle. We analyzed publicly available gene expression profiles of young and old tissue from healthy donors. Differential gene expression and pathway analysis were performed to compare signatures of young and old muscle tissue and to preprocess the resulting data for a set of machine learning algorithms. Our study confirms the established mechanisms of human skeletal muscle aging, including dysregulation of cytosolic Ca2+ homeostasis, PPAR signaling and neurotransmitter recycling along with IGFR and PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling. Applying several supervised machine learning techniques, including neural networks, we built a panel of tissue-specific biomarkers of aging. Our predictive model achieved 0.91 Pearson correlation with respect to the actual age values of the muscle tissue samples, and a mean absolute error of 6.19 years on the test set. The performance of models was also evaluated on gene expression samples of the skeletal muscles from the Gene expression Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. The best model achieved the accuracy of 0.80 with respect to the actual age bin prediction on the external validation set. Furthermore, we demonstrated that aging biomarkers can be used to identify new molecular targets for tissue-specific anti-aging therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Mamoshina
- Pharmaceutical Artificial Intelligence Department, Insilico Medicine, Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marina Volosnikova
- Pharmaceutical Artificial Intelligence Department, Insilico Medicine, Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ivan V Ozerov
- Pharmaceutical Artificial Intelligence Department, Insilico Medicine, Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Evgeny Putin
- Pharmaceutical Artificial Intelligence Department, Insilico Medicine, Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States.,Computer Technologies Lab, Saint Petersburg State University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Skibina
- Pharmaceutical Artificial Intelligence Department, Insilico Medicine, Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Franco Cortese
- Biogerontology Research Foundation, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Pharmaceutical Artificial Intelligence Department, Insilico Medicine, Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States.,Biogerontology Research Foundation, London, United Kingdom.,Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States
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22
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Maxwell N, Castro RW, Sutherland NM, Vaughan KL, Szarowicz MD, de Cabo R, Mattison JA, Valdez G. α-Motor neurons are spared from aging while their synaptic inputs degenerate in monkeys and mice. Aging Cell 2018; 17. [PMID: 29397579 PMCID: PMC5847869 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor function deteriorates with advancing age, increasing the risk of adverse health outcomes. While it is well established that skeletal muscles and neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) degenerate with increasing age, the effect of aging on α‐motor neurons and their innervating synaptic inputs remains largely unknown. In this study, we examined the soma of α‐motor neurons and innervating synaptic inputs in the spinal cord of aged rhesus monkeys and mice, two species with vastly different lifespans. We found that, in both species, α‐motor neurons retain their soma size despite an accumulation of large amounts of cellular waste or lipofuscin. Interestingly, the lipofuscin profile varied considerably, indicating that α‐motor neurons age at different rates. Although the rate of aging varies, α‐motor neurons do not atrophy in old age. In fact, there is no difference in the number of motor axons populating ventral roots in old mice compared to adult mice. Moreover, the transcripts and proteins associated with α‐motor neurons do not decrease in the spinal cord of old mice. However, in aged rhesus monkeys and mice, there were fewer cholinergic and glutamatergic synaptic inputs directly abutting α‐motor neurons, evidence that aging causes α‐motor neurons to shed synaptic inputs. Thus, the loss of synaptic inputs may contribute to age‐related dysfunction of α‐motor neurons. These findings broaden our understanding of the degeneration of the somatic motor system that precipitates motor dysfunction with advancing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Maxwell
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute; Virginia Tech; Roanoke VA USA
| | - Ryan W. Castro
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute; Virginia Tech; Roanoke VA USA
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health; Virginia Tech; Blacksburg VA USA
| | | | - Kelli L. Vaughan
- Translational Gerontology Branch; National Institute on Aging; NIH; Baltimore MD USA
- SoBran, Inc.; Burtonsville MD USA
| | - Mark D. Szarowicz
- Translational Gerontology Branch; National Institute on Aging; NIH; Baltimore MD USA
- SoBran, Inc.; Burtonsville MD USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch; National Institute on Aging; NIH; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Julie A. Mattison
- Translational Gerontology Branch; National Institute on Aging; NIH; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Gregorio Valdez
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute; Virginia Tech; Roanoke VA USA
- Department of Biological Sciences; Virginia Tech; Blacksburg VA USA
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23
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Abstract
Age-dependent declines in muscle function are observed across species. The loss of mobility resulting from the decline in muscle function represents an important health issue and a key determinant of quality of life for the elderly. It is believed that changes in the structure and function of the neuromuscular junction are important contributors to the observed declines in motor function with increased age. Numerous studies indicate that the aging muscle is an important contributor to the deterioration of the neuromuscular junction but the cellular and molecular mechanisms driving the degeneration of the synapse remain incompletely described. Importantly, growing data from both animal models and humans indicate that exercise can rejuvenate the neuromuscular junction and improve motor function. In this review we will focus on the role of muscle-derived neurotrophin signaling in the rejuvenation of the aged neuromuscular junction in response to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabita Kreko-Pierce
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Barshoph Institute of Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Benjamin A Eaton
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Barshoph Institute of Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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24
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Choi JY, Hwang CY, Lee B, Lee SM, Bahn YJ, Lee KP, Kang M, Kim YS, Woo SH, Lim JY, Kim E, Kwon KS. Age-associated repression of type 1 inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate receptor impairs muscle regeneration. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:2062-2080. [PMID: 27658230 PMCID: PMC5076452 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle mass and power decrease with age, leading to impairment of mobility and metabolism in the elderly. Ca2+ signaling is crucial for myoblast differentiation as well as muscle contraction through activation of transcription factors and Ca2+-dependent kinases and phosphatases. Ca2+ channels, such as dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR), two-pore channel (TPC) and inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor (ITPR), function to maintain Ca2+ homeostasis in myoblasts. Here, we observed a significant decrease in expression of type 1 IP3 receptor (ITPR1), but not types 2 and 3, in aged mice skeletal muscle and isolated myoblasts, compared with those of young mice. ITPR1 knockdown using shRNA-expressing viruses in C2C12 myoblasts and tibialis anterior muscle of mice inhibited myotube formation and muscle regeneration after injury, respectively, a typical phenotype of aged muscle. This aging phenotype was associated with repression of muscle-specific genes and activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-Ras-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. ERK inhibition by U0126 not only induced recovery of myotube formation in old myoblasts but also facilitated muscle regeneration after injury in aged muscle. The conserved decline in ITPR1 expression in aged human skeletal muscle suggests utility as a potential therapeutic target for sarcopenia, which can be treated using ERK inhibition strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Yi Choi
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Young Hwang
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bora Lee
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Min Lee
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jae Bahn
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Pyo Lee
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonkyung Kang
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery & Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34143, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Soo Kim
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery & Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34143, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Woo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34143, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhee Kim
- College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Sun Kwon
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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25
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Park SS, Kwon ES, Kwon KS. Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions in sarcopenia. Osteoporos Sarcopenia 2017; 3:117-122. [PMID: 30775515 PMCID: PMC6372765 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2017.08.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is the degenerative loss of muscle mass and function with aging. Recently sarcopenia was recognized as a clinical disease by the International Classification of Disease, 10th revision, Clinical Modification. An imbalance between protein synthesis and degradation causes a gradual loss of muscle mass, resulting in a decline of muscle function as a progress of sarcopenia. Many mechanisms involved in the onset of sarcopenia include age-related factors as well as activity-, disease-, and nutrition-related factors. The stage of sarcopenia reflecting the severity of conditions assists clinical management of sarcopenia. It is important that systemic descriptions of the disease conditions include age, sex, and other environmental risk factors as well as levels of physical function. To develop a new therapeutic intervention needed is the detailed understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms by which apoptosis, autophagy, atrophy, and hypertrophy occur in the muscle stem cells, myotubes, and/or neuromuscular junction. The new strategy to managing sarcopenia will be signal-modulating small molecules, natural compounds, repurposing of old drugs, and muscle-specific microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Sup Park
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
- Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Eun-Soo Kwon
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ki-Sun Kwon
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
- Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- Corresponding author. Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
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26
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A focus on extracellular Ca 2+ entry into skeletal muscle. Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e378. [PMID: 28912570 PMCID: PMC5628281 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The main task of skeletal muscle is contraction and relaxation for body movement and posture maintenance. During contraction and relaxation, Ca2+ in the cytosol has a critical role in activating and deactivating a series of contractile proteins. In skeletal muscle, the cytosolic Ca2+ level is mainly determined by Ca2+ movements between the cytosol and the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The importance of Ca2+ entry from extracellular spaces to the cytosol has gained significant attention over the past decade. Store-operated Ca2+ entry with a low amplitude and relatively slow kinetics is a main extracellular Ca2+ entryway into skeletal muscle. Herein, recent studies on extracellular Ca2+ entry into skeletal muscle are reviewed along with descriptions of the proteins that are related to extracellular Ca2+ entry and their influences on skeletal muscle function and disease.
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27
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Vaughan SK, Stanley OL, Valdez G. Impact of Aging on Proprioceptive Sensory Neurons and Intrafusal Muscle Fibers in Mice. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72:771-779. [PMID: 27688482 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glw175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of aging on proprioceptive sensory neurons and intrafusal muscle fibers (IMFs) remains largely unexplored despite the central function these cells play in modulating voluntary movements. Here, we show that proprioceptive sensory neurons undergo deleterious morphological changes in middle age (11- to 13-month-old) and old (15- to 21-month-old) mice. In the extensor digitorum longus and soleus muscles of middle age and old mice, there is a significant increase in the number of Ia afferents with large swellings that fail to properly wrap around IMFs compared with young adult (2- to 4-month-old) mice. Fewer II afferents were also found in the same muscles of middle age and old mice. Although these age-related changes in peripheral nerve endings were accompanied by degeneration of proprioceptive sensory neuron cell bodies in dorsal root ganglia (DRG), the morphology and number of IMFs remained unchanged. Our analysis also revealed normal levels of neurotrophin 3 (NT3) but dysregulated expression of the tyrosine kinase receptor C (TrkC) in aged muscles and DRGs, respectively. These results show that proprioceptive sensory neurons degenerate prior to atrophy of IMFs during aging, and in the presence of the NT3/TrkC signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney K Vaughan
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke.,Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health and
| | - Olivia L Stanley
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke
| | - Gregorio Valdez
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke.,Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg
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28
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Nicoll BK, Ferreira C, Hopkins PM, Shaw MA, Hope IA. Aging Effects of Caenorhabditis elegans Ryanodine Receptor Variants Corresponding to Human Myopathic Mutations. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2017; 7:1451-1461. [PMID: 28325813 PMCID: PMC5427508 DOI: 10.1534/g3.117.040535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Delaying the decline in skeletal muscle function will be critical to better maintenance of an active lifestyle in old age. The skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor, the major intracellular membrane channel through which calcium ions pass to elicit muscle contraction, is central to calcium ion balance and is hypothesized to be a significant factor for age-related decline in muscle function. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a key model system for the study of human aging, and strains were generated with modified C. elegans ryanodine receptors corresponding to human myopathic variants linked with malignant hyperthermia and related conditions. The altered response of these strains to pharmacological agents reflected results of human diagnostic tests for individuals with these pathogenic variants. Involvement of nerve cells in the C. elegans responses may relate to rare medical symptoms concerning the central nervous system that have been associated with ryanodine receptor variants. These single amino acid modifications in C. elegans also conferred a reduction in lifespan and an accelerated decline in muscle integrity with age, supporting the significance of ryanodine receptor function for human aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baines K Nicoll
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, St James's University Hospital, LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Célia Ferreira
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Philip M Hopkins
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, St James's University Hospital, LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Marie-Anne Shaw
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, St James's University Hospital, LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Ian A Hope
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
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29
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Karam C, Yi J, Xiao Y, Dhakal K, Zhang L, Li X, Manno C, Xu J, Li K, Cheng H, Ma J, Zhou J. Absence of physiological Ca 2+ transients is an initial trigger for mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle following denervation. Skelet Muscle 2017; 7:6. [PMID: 28395670 PMCID: PMC5387329 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-017-0123-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor neurons control muscle contraction by initiating action potentials in muscle. Denervation of muscle from motor neurons leads to muscle atrophy, which is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. It is known that denervation promotes mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in muscle, whereas the initial cause of mitochondrial ROS production in denervated muscle remains elusive. Since denervation isolates muscle from motor neurons and deprives it from any electric stimulation, no action potentials are initiated, and therefore, no physiological Ca2+ transients are generated inside denervated muscle fibers. We tested whether loss of physiological Ca2+ transients is an initial cause leading to mitochondrial dysfunction in denervated skeletal muscle. METHODS A transgenic mouse model expressing a mitochondrial targeted biosensor (mt-cpYFP) allowed a real-time measurement of the ROS-related mitochondrial metabolic function following denervation, termed "mitoflash." Using live cell imaging, electrophysiological, pharmacological, and biochemical studies, we examined a potential molecular mechanism that initiates ROS-related mitochondrial dysfunction following denervation. RESULTS We found that muscle fibers showed a fourfold increase in mitoflash activity 24 h after denervation. The denervation-induced mitoflash activity was likely associated with an increased activity of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), as the mitoflash activity was attenuated by application of cyclosporine A. Electrical stimulation rapidly reduced mitoflash activity in both sham and denervated muscle fibers. We further demonstrated that the Ca2+ level inside mitochondria follows the time course of the cytosolic Ca2+ transient and that inhibition of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake by Ru360 blocks the effect of electric stimulation on mitoflash activity. CONCLUSIONS The loss of cytosolic Ca2+ transients due to denervation results in the downstream absence of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. Our studies suggest that this could be an initial trigger for enhanced mPTP-related mitochondrial ROS generation in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chehade Karam
- Rush University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jianxun Yi
- Rush University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Kansas City University of Medicine and Bioscience, 1750 Independence Ave, Kansas City, MO, 64106, USA
| | - Yajuan Xiao
- Rush University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Kansas City University of Medicine and Bioscience, 1750 Independence Ave, Kansas City, MO, 64106, USA
| | - Kamal Dhakal
- Kansas City University of Medicine and Bioscience, 1750 Independence Ave, Kansas City, MO, 64106, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Rush University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Kansas City University of Medicine and Bioscience, 1750 Independence Ave, Kansas City, MO, 64106, USA
| | - Xuejun Li
- Kansas City University of Medicine and Bioscience, 1750 Independence Ave, Kansas City, MO, 64106, USA
| | - Carlo Manno
- Rush University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jiejia Xu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaitao Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Heping Cheng
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Jingsong Zhou
- Rush University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Kansas City University of Medicine and Bioscience, 1750 Independence Ave, Kansas City, MO, 64106, USA.
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30
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King EC, Patel V, Anand M, Zhao X, Crump SM, Hu Z, Weisleder N, Abbott GW. Targeted deletion of Kcne3 impairs skeletal muscle function in mice. FASEB J 2017; 31:2937-2947. [PMID: 28356343 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600965rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
KCNE3 (MiRP2) forms heteromeric voltage-gated K+ channels with the skeletal muscle-expressed KCNC4 (Kv3.4) α subunit. KCNE3 was the first reported skeletal muscle K+ channel disease gene, but the requirement for KCNE3 in skeletal muscle has been questioned. Here, we confirmed KCNE3 transcript and protein expression in mouse skeletal muscle using Kcne3-/- tissue as a negative control. Whole-transcript microarray analysis (770,317 probes, interrogating 28,853 transcripts) findings were consistent with Kcne3 deletion increasing gastrocnemius oxidative metabolic gene expression and the proportion of type IIa fast-twitch oxidative muscle fibers, which was verified using immunofluorescence. The down-regulated transcript set overlapped with muscle unloading gene expression profiles (≥1.5-fold change; P < 0.05). Gastrocnemius K+ channel α subunit remodeling arising from Kcne3 deletion was highly specific, involving just 3 of 69 α subunit genes probed: known KCNE3 partners KCNC4 and KCNH2 (mERG) were down-regulated, and KCNK4 (TRAAK) was up-regulated (P < 0.05). Functionally, Kcne3-/- mice exhibited abnormal hind-limb clasping upon tail suspension (63% of Kcne3-/- mice ≥10-mo-old vs. 0% age-matched Kcne3+/+ littermates). Whereas 5 of 5 Kcne3+/+ mice exhibited the typical biphasic decline in contractile force with repetitive stimuli of hind-limb muscle, both in vivo and in vitro, this was absent in 6 of 6 Kcne3-/- mice tested. Finally, myoblasts isolated from Kcne3-/- mice exhibit faster-inactivating and smaller sustained outward currents than those from Kcne3+/+ mice. Thus, Kcne3 deletion impairs skeletal muscle function in mice.-King, E. C., Patel, V., Anand, M., Zhao, X., Crump, S. M., Hu, Z., Weisleder, N., Abbott, G. W. Targeted deletion of Kcne3 impairs skeletal muscle function in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C King
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vishal Patel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Marie Anand
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Shawn M Crump
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Zhaoyang Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Noah Weisleder
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA;
| | - Geoffrey W Abbott
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA; .,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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31
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Tan T, Ko YG, Ma J. Dual function of MG53 in membrane repair and insulin signaling. BMB Rep 2017; 49:414-23. [PMID: 27174502 PMCID: PMC5070728 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2016.49.8.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MG53 is a member of the TRIM-family protein that acts as a key component of the cell membrane repair machinery. MG53 is also an E3-ligase that ubiquinates insulin receptor substrate-1 and controls insulin signaling in skeletal muscle cells. Since its discovery in 2009, research efforts have been devoted to translate this basic discovery into clinical applications in human degenerative and metabolic diseases. This review article highlights the dual function of MG53 in cell membrane repair and insulin signaling, the mechanism that underlies the control of MG53 function, and the therapeutic value of targeting MG53 function in regenerative medicine. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(8): 414-423]
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tan
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Young-Gyu Ko
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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32
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Fujita N, Huang W, Lin TH, Groulx JF, Jean S, Nguyen J, Kuchitsu Y, Koyama-Honda I, Mizushima N, Fukuda M, Kiger AA. Genetic screen in Drosophila muscle identifies autophagy-mediated T-tubule remodeling and a Rab2 role in autophagy. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28063257 PMCID: PMC5249261 DOI: 10.7554/elife.23367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Transverse (T)-tubules make-up a specialized network of tubulated muscle cell membranes involved in excitation-contraction coupling for power of contraction. Little is known about how T-tubules maintain highly organized structures and contacts throughout the contractile system despite the ongoing muscle remodeling that occurs with muscle atrophy, damage and aging. We uncovered an essential role for autophagy in T-tubule remodeling with genetic screens of a developmentally regulated remodeling program in Drosophila abdominal muscles. Here, we show that autophagy is both upregulated with and required for progression through T-tubule disassembly stages. Along with known mediators of autophagosome-lysosome fusion, our screens uncovered an unexpected shared role for Rab2 with a broadly conserved function in autophagic clearance. Rab2 localizes to autophagosomes and binds to HOPS complex members, suggesting a direct role in autophagosome tethering/fusion. Together, the high membrane flux with muscle remodeling permits unprecedented analysis both of T-tubule dynamics and fundamental trafficking mechanisms. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23367.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Naonobu Fujita
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking Mechanisms, Department of Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Wilson Huang
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Tzu-Han Lin
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Jean-Francois Groulx
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Steve Jean
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Jen Nguyen
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Yoshihiko Kuchitsu
- Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking Mechanisms, Department of Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ikuko Koyama-Honda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noboru Mizushima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Fukuda
- Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking Mechanisms, Department of Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Amy A Kiger
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
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33
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Dulhunty AF, Board PG, Beard NA, Casarotto MG. Physiology and Pharmacology of Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channels. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 79:287-324. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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34
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35
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Zhou J, Dhakal K, Yi J. Mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake in skeletal muscle health and disease. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2016; 59:770-6. [PMID: 27430885 PMCID: PMC6168075 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-5089-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Muscle uses Ca2+ as a messenger to control contraction and relies on ATP to maintain the intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Mitochondria are the major sub-cellular organelle of ATP production. With a negative inner membrane potential, mitochondria take up Ca2+ from their surroundings, a process called mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. Under physiological conditions, Ca2+ uptake into mitochondria promotes ATP production. Excessive uptake causes mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, which activates downstream adverse responses leading to cell dysfunction. Moreover, mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake could shape spatio-temporal patterns of intracellular Ca2+ signaling. Malfunction of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake is implicated in muscle degeneration. Unlike non-excitable cells, mitochondria in muscle cells experience dramatic changes of intracellular Ca2+ levels. Besides the sudden elevation of Ca2+ level induced by action potentials, Ca2+ transients in muscle cells can be as short as a few milliseconds during a single twitch or as long as minutes during tetanic contraction, which raises the question whether mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake is fast and big enough to shape intracellular Ca2+ signaling during excitation-contraction coupling and creates technical challenges for quantification of the dynamic changes of Ca2+ inside mitochondria. This review focuses on characterization of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake in skeletal muscle and its role in muscle physiology and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Zhou
- Kansas City University of Medicine and Bioscience, Dybedal Research Center, Kansas City, MO, 64106, USA.
| | - Kamal Dhakal
- Kansas City University of Medicine and Bioscience, Dybedal Research Center, Kansas City, MO, 64106, USA
| | - Jianxun Yi
- Kansas City University of Medicine and Bioscience, Dybedal Research Center, Kansas City, MO, 64106, USA
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36
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Vallejo J, Spence M, Cheng AL, Brotto L, Edens NK, Garvey SM, Brotto M. Cellular and Physiological Effects of Dietary Supplementation with β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) and β-Alanine in Late Middle-Aged Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150066. [PMID: 26953693 PMCID: PMC4783107 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that severe decline of skeletal muscle mass and function with age may be mitigated by exercise and dietary supplementation with protein and amino acid ingredient technologies. The purposes of this study were to examine the effects of the leucine catabolite, beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), in C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes, and to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with HMB, the amino acid β-alanine and the combination thereof, on muscle contractility in a preclinical model of pre-sarcopenia. In C2C12 myotubes, HMB enhanced sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium release beyond vehicle control in the presence of all SR agonists tested (KCl, P<0.01; caffeine, P = 0.03; ionomycin, P = 0.03). HMB also improved C2C12 myoblast viability (25 μM HMB, P = 0.03) and increased proliferation (25 μM HMB, P = 0.04; 125 μM HMB, P<0.01). Furthermore, an ex vivo muscle contractility study was performed on EDL and soleus muscle from 19 month old, male C57BL/6nTac mice. For 8 weeks, mice were fed control AIN-93M diet, diet with HMB, diet with β-alanine, or diet with HMB and β-alanine. In β-alanine fed mice, EDL muscle showed a 7% increase in maximum absolute force compared to the control diet (202 ± 3vs. 188± 5 mN, P = 0.02). At submaximal frequency of stimulation (20 Hz), EDL from mice fed HMB plus β-alanine showed an 11% increase in absolute force (88.6 ± 2.2 vs. 79.8 ± 2.4 mN, P = 0.025) and a 13% increase in specific force (12.2 ± 0.4 vs. 10.8 ± 0.4 N/cm2, P = 0.021). Also in EDL muscle, β-alanine increased the rate of force development at all frequencies tested (P<0.025), while HMB reduced the time to reach peak contractile force (TTP), with a significant effect at 80 Hz (P = 0.0156). In soleus muscle, all experimental diets were associated with a decrease in TTP, compared to control diet. Our findings highlight beneficial effects of HMB and β-alanine supplementation on skeletal muscle function in aging mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Vallejo
- Muscle Biology Research Group, School of Nursing & Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Madoka Spence
- Muscle Biology Research Group, School of Nursing & Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - An-Lin Cheng
- Muscle Biology Research Group, School of Nursing & Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Leticia Brotto
- Muscle Biology Research Group, School of Nursing & Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Neile K. Edens
- Abbott Nutrition R&D, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sean M. Garvey
- Abbott Nutrition R&D, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MB); (SG)
| | - Marco Brotto
- Muscle Biology Research Group, School of Nursing & Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MB); (SG)
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Callahan DM, Umberger BR, Kent JA. Mechanisms of in vivo muscle fatigue in humans: investigating age-related fatigue resistance with a computational model. J Physiol 2016; 594:3407-21. [PMID: 26824934 DOI: 10.1113/jp271400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Muscle fatigue can be defined as the transient decrease in maximal force that occurs in response to muscle use. Fatigue develops because of a complex set of changes within the neuromuscular system that are difficult to evaluate simultaneously in humans. The skeletal muscle of older adults fatigues less than that of young adults during static contractions. The potential sources of this difference are multiple and intertwined. To evaluate the individual mechanisms of fatigue, we developed an integrative computational model based on neural, biochemical, morphological and physiological properties of human skeletal muscle. Our results indicate first that the model provides accurate predictions of fatigue and second that the age-related resistance to fatigue is due largely to a lower reliance on glycolytic metabolism during contraction. This model should prove useful for generating hypotheses for future experimental studies into the mechanisms of muscle fatigue. ABSTRACT During repeated or sustained muscle activation, force-generating capacity becomes limited in a process referred to as fatigue. Multiple factors, including motor unit activation patterns, muscle fibre contractile properties and bioenergetic function, can impact force-generating capacity and thus the potential to resist fatigue. Given that neuromuscular fatigue depends on interrelated factors, quantifying their independent effects on force-generating capacity is not possible in vivo. Computational models can provide insight into complex systems in which multiple inputs determine discrete outputs. However, few computational models to date have investigated neuromuscular fatigue by incorporating the multiple levels of neuromuscular function known to impact human in vivo function. To address this limitation, we present a computational model that predicts neural activation, biomechanical forces, intracellular metabolic perturbations and, ultimately, fatigue during repeated isometric contractions. This model was compared with metabolic and contractile responses to repeated activation using values reported in the literature. Once validated in this way, the model was modified to reflect age-related changes in neuromuscular function. Comparisons between initial and age-modified simulations indicated that the age-modified model predicted less fatigue during repeated isometric contractions, consistent with reports in the literature. Together, our simulations suggest that reduced glycolytic flux is the greatest contributor to the phenomenon of age-related fatigue resistance. In contrast, oxidative resynthesis of phosphocreatine between intermittent contractions and inherent buffering capacity had minimal impact on predicted fatigue during isometric contractions. The insights gained from these simulations cannot be achieved through traditional in vivo or in vitro experimentation alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien M Callahan
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Brian R Umberger
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Jane A Kent
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
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Tu MK, Levin JB, Hamilton AM, Borodinsky LN. Calcium signaling in skeletal muscle development, maintenance and regeneration. Cell Calcium 2016; 59:91-7. [PMID: 26944205 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle-specific stem cells are pivotal for tissue development and regeneration. Muscle plasticity, inherent in these processes, is also essential for daily life activities. Great advances and efforts have been made in understanding the function of the skeletal muscle-dedicated stem cells, called muscle satellite cells, and the specific signaling mechanisms that activate them for recruitment in the repair of the injured muscle. Elucidating these signaling mechanisms may contribute to devising therapies for muscular injury or disease. Here we review the studies that have contributed to our understanding of how calcium signaling regulates skeletal muscle development, homeostasis and regeneration, with a focus on the calcium dynamics and calcium-dependent effectors that participate in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle K Tu
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology and Shriners Hospital for Children Northern California, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States
| | - Jacqueline B Levin
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology and Shriners Hospital for Children Northern California, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States
| | - Andrew M Hamilton
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology and Shriners Hospital for Children Northern California, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States
| | - Laura N Borodinsky
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology and Shriners Hospital for Children Northern California, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States.
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Gorski JP, Huffman NT, Vallejo J, Brotto L, Chittur SV, Breggia A, Stern A, Huang J, Mo C, Seidah NG, Bonewald L, Brotto M. Deletion of Mbtps1 (Pcsk8, S1p, Ski-1) Gene in Osteocytes Stimulates Soleus Muscle Regeneration and Increased Size and Contractile Force with Age. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:4308-22. [PMID: 26719336 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.686626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Conditional deletion of Mbtps1 (cKO) protease in bone osteocytes leads to an age-related increase in mass (12%) and in contractile force (30%) in adult slow twitch soleus muscles (SOL) with no effect on fast twitch extensor digitorum longus muscles. Surprisingly, bone from 10-12-month-old cKO animals was indistinguishable from controls in size, density, and morphology except for a 25% increase in stiffness. cKO SOL exhibited increased expression of Pax7, Myog, Myod1, Notch, and Myh3 and 6-fold more centralized nuclei, characteristics of postnatal regenerating muscle, but only in type I myosin heavy chain-expressing cells. Increased expression of gene pathways mediating EGF receptor signaling, circadian exercise, striated muscle contraction, and lipid and carbohydrate oxidative metabolism were also observed in cKO SOL. This muscle phenotype was not observed in 3-month-old mice. Although Mbtps1 mRNA and protein expression was reduced in cKO bone osteocytes, no differences in Mbtps1 or cre recombinase expression were observed in cKO SOL, explaining this age-related phenotype. Understanding bone-muscle cross-talk may provide a fresh and novel approach to prevention and treatment of age-related muscle loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff P Gorski
- From the Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City Center of Excellence in the Study of Dental and Musculoskeletal Tissues, School of Dentistry,
| | - Nichole T Huffman
- From the Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City Center of Excellence in the Study of Dental and Musculoskeletal Tissues, School of Dentistry
| | - Julian Vallejo
- Muscle Biology Research Group, School of Nursing and Health Studies, and
| | - Leticia Brotto
- Muscle Biology Research Group, School of Nursing and Health Studies, and
| | - Sridar V Chittur
- Center for Functional Genomics, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York 12144
| | | | - Amber Stern
- School of Computing and Engineering, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64108, Engineering Systems, Inc., Charlotte, North Carolina 28277, and
| | - Jian Huang
- Muscle Biology Research Group, School of Nursing and Health Studies, and
| | - Chenglin Mo
- Muscle Biology Research Group, School of Nursing and Health Studies, and
| | - Nabil G Seidah
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2W IR7, Canada
| | - Lynda Bonewald
- From the Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City Center of Excellence in the Study of Dental and Musculoskeletal Tissues, School of Dentistry
| | - Marco Brotto
- Muscle Biology Research Group, School of Nursing and Health Studies, and
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Russ DW, Boyd IM, McCoy KM, McCorkle KW. Muscle-specificity of age-related changes in markers of autophagy and sphingolipid metabolism. Biogerontology 2015; 16:747-59. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-015-9598-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Woo JS, Hwang JH, Huang M, Ahn MK, Cho CH, Ma J, Lee EH. Interaction between mitsugumin 29 and TRPC3 participates in regulating Ca(2+) transients in skeletal muscle. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 464:133-9. [PMID: 26141232 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitsugumin 29 (MG29) is related to the fatigue and aging processes of skeletal muscle. To examine the roles of MG29 in conjunction with its binding protein, the canonical-type transient receptor potential cation channel 3 (TRPC3), in skeletal muscle, the binding region of MG29 to TRPC3 was studied along with the functional relevance of the binding in mouse primary skeletal myotubes using co-immunoprecipitation assays and Ca(2+) imaging experiments. The N-terminus and the I-II loop of MG29 constitute the binding region for TRPC3. The myotubes that expressed the MG29 mutant missing the entire TRPC3-binding region showed a disrupted binding between endogenous MG29 and TRPC3 and a reduction in Ca(2+) transients in response to membrane depolarization without affecting ryanodine receptor 1 activity, the resting cytosolic Ca(2+) level, and the amount of releasable Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Among the proteins mediating Ca(2+) movements in skeletal muscle, TRPC4 expression was significantly decreased by the MG29 mutant. Therefore, MG29 could be a new factor for regulating Ca(2+) transients during skeletal muscle contraction possibly via a correlation with TRPC3 and TRPC4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Seok Woo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Banpo-daero 222, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Hwang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Banpo-daero 222, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Mei Huang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Banpo-daero 222, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Kyoung Ahn
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Banpo-daero 222, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung-Hyun Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Eun Hui Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Banpo-daero 222, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea.
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Lamboley CR, Wyckelsma VL, Dutka TL, McKenna MJ, Murphy RM, Lamb GD. Contractile properties and sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium content in type I and type II skeletal muscle fibres in active aged humans. J Physiol 2015; 593:2499-514. [PMID: 25809942 DOI: 10.1113/jp270179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Muscle weakness in old age is due in large part to an overall loss of skeletal muscle tissue, but it remains uncertain how much also stems from alterations in the properties of the individual muscle fibres. This study examined the contractile properties and amount of stored intracellular calcium in single muscle fibres of Old (70 ± 4 years) and Young (22 ± 3 years) adults. The maximum level of force production (per unit cross-sectional area) in fast twitch fibres in Old subjects was lower than in Young subjects, and the fibres were also less sensitive to activation by calcium. The amount of calcium stored inside muscle fibres and available to trigger contraction was also lower in both fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibres in the Old subjects. These findings indicate that muscle weakness in old age stems in part from an impaired capacity for force production in the individual muscle fibres. ABSTRACT This study examined the contractile properties and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) content in mechanically skinned vastus lateralis muscle fibres of Old (70 ± 4 years) and Young (22 ± 3 years) humans to investigate whether changes in muscle fibre properties contribute to muscle weakness in old age. In type II fibres of Old subjects, specific force was reduced by ∼17% and Ca(2+) sensitivity was also reduced (pCa50 decreased ∼0.05 pCa units) relative to that in Young. S-Glutathionylation of fast troponin I (TnIf ) markedly increased Ca(2+) sensitivity in type II fibres, but the increase was significantly smaller in Old versus Young (+0.136 and +0.164 pCa unit increases, respectively). Endogenous and maximal SR Ca(2+) content were significantly smaller in both type I and type II fibres in Old subjects. In fibres of Young, the SR could be nearly fully depleted of Ca(2+) by a combined caffeine and low Mg(2+) stimulus, whereas in fibres of Old the amount of non-releasable Ca(2+) was significantly increased (by > 12% of endogenous Ca(2+) content). Western blotting showed an increased proportion of type I fibres in Old subjects, and increased amounts of calsequestrin-2 and calsequestrin-like protein. The findings suggest that muscle weakness in old age is probably attributable in part to (i) an increased proportion of type I fibres, (ii) a reduction in both maximum specific force and Ca(2+) sensitivity in type II fibres, and also a decreased ability of S-glutathionylation of TnIf to counter the fatiguing effects of metabolites on Ca(2+) sensitivity, and (iii) a reduction in the amount of releasable SR Ca(2+) in both fibre types.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Lamboley
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria, 8001, Australia
| | - V L Wyckelsma
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria, 8001, Australia.,La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - T L Dutka
- School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - M J McKenna
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria, 8001, Australia
| | - R M Murphy
- School of Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - G D Lamb
- School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
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The pleiotropic effect of physical exercise on mitochondrial dynamics in aging skeletal muscle. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:917085. [PMID: 25945152 PMCID: PMC4402202 DOI: 10.1155/2015/917085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Decline in human muscle mass and strength (sarcopenia) is one of the principal hallmarks of the aging process. Regular physical exercise and training programs are certain powerful stimuli to attenuate the physiological skeletal muscle alterations occurring during aging and contribute to promote health and well-being. Although the series of events that led to these muscle adaptations are poorly understood, the mechanisms that regulate these processes involve the “quality” of skeletal muscle mitochondria. Aerobic/endurance exercise helps to maintain and improve cardiovascular fitness and respiratory function, whereas strength/resistance-exercise programs increase muscle strength, power development, and function. Due to the different effect of both exercises in improving mitochondrial content and quality, in terms of biogenesis, dynamics, turnover, and genotype, combined physical activity programs should be individually prescribed to maximize the antiaging effects of exercise.
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44
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Frontera WR, Ochala J. Skeletal muscle: a brief review of structure and function. Calcif Tissue Int 2015; 96:183-95. [PMID: 25294644 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-014-9915-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 758] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is one of the most dynamic and plastic tissues of the human body. In humans, skeletal muscle comprises approximately 40% of total body weight and contains 50-75% of all body proteins. In general, muscle mass depends on the balance between protein synthesis and degradation and both processes are sensitive to factors such as nutritional status, hormonal balance, physical activity/exercise, and injury or disease, among others. In this review, we discuss the various domains of muscle structure and function including its cytoskeletal architecture, excitation-contraction coupling, energy metabolism, and force and power generation. We will limit the discussion to human skeletal muscle and emphasize recent scientific literature on single muscle fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter R Frontera
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Suite 1318, 2201 Children's Way, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA,
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45
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Zhou X, Lin P, Yamazaki D, Park KH, Komazaki S, Chen SRW, Takeshima H, Ma J. Trimeric intracellular cation channels and sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium homeostasis. Circ Res 2014; 114:706-16. [PMID: 24526676 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.114.301816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Trimeric intracellular cation channels (TRIC) represents a novel class of trimeric intracellular cation channels. Two TRIC isoforms have been identified in both the human and the mouse genomes: TRIC-A, a subtype predominantly expressed in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of muscle cells, and TRIC-B, a ubiquitous subtype expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of all tissues. Genetic ablation of either TRIC-A or TRIC-B leads to compromised K(+) permeation and Ca(2+) release across the SR/ER membrane, supporting the hypothesis that TRIC channels provide a counter balancing K(+) flux that reduces SR/ER membrane depolarization for maintenance of the electrochemical gradient that drives SR/ER Ca(2+) release. TRIC-A and TRIC-B seem to have differential functions in Ca(2+) signaling in excitable and nonexcitable cells. Tric-a(-/-) mice display defective Ca(2+) sparks and spontaneous transient outward currents in arterial smooth muscle and develop hypertension, in addition to skeletal muscle dysfunction. Knockout of TRIC-B results in abnormal IP3 receptor-mediated Ca(2+) release in airway epithelial cells, respiratory defects, and neonatal lethality. Double knockout mice lacking both TRIC-A and TRIC-B show embryonic lethality as a result of cardiac arrest. Such an aggravated lethality indicates that TRIC-A and TRIC-B share complementary physiological functions in Ca(2+) signaling in embryonic cardiomyocytes. Tric-a(-/-) and Tric-b(+/-) mice are viable and susceptible to stress-induced heart failure. Recent evidence suggests that TRIC-A directly modulates the function of the cardiac ryanodine receptor 2 Ca(2+) release channel, which in turn controls store-overload-induced Ca(2+) release from the SR. Thus, the TRIC channels, in addition to providing a countercurrent for SR/ER Ca(2+) release, may also function as accessory proteins that directly modulate the ryanodine receptor/IP3 receptor channel functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhou
- From the Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus (X.Z., P.L., K.H.P., J.M.); Department of Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto, Japan (D.Y., H.T.); Department of Anatomy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan (S.K.); and Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (W.C.)
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Park KH, Weisleder N, Zhou J, Gumpper K, Zhou X, Duann P, Ma J, Lin PH. Assessment of calcium sparks in intact skeletal muscle fibers. J Vis Exp 2014:e50898. [PMID: 24638093 DOI: 10.3791/50898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining homeostatic Ca(2+) signaling is a fundamental physiological process in living cells. Ca(2+) sparks are the elementary units of Ca(2+) signaling in the striated muscle fibers that appear as highly localized Ca(2+) release events mediated by ryanodine receptor (RyR) Ca(2+) release channels on the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membrane. Proper assessment of muscle Ca(2+) sparks could provide information on the intracellular Ca(2+) handling properties of healthy and diseased striated muscles. Although Ca(2+) sparks events are commonly seen in resting cardiomyocytes, they are rarely observed in resting skeletal muscle fibers; thus there is a need for methods to generate and analyze sparks in skeletal muscle fibers. Detailed here is an experimental protocol for measuring Ca(2+) sparks in isolated flexor digitorm brevis (FDB) muscle fibers using fluorescent Ca(2+) indictors and laser scanning confocal microscopy. In this approach, isolated FDB fibers are exposed to transient hypoosmotic stress followed by a return to isotonic physiological solution. Under these conditions, a robust Ca(2+) sparks response is detected adjacent to the sarcolemmal membrane in young healthy FDB muscle fibers. Altered Ca(2+) sparks response is detected in dystrophic or aged skeletal muscle fibers. This approach has recently demonstrated that membrane-delimited signaling involving cross-talk between inositol (1,4,5)-triphosphate receptor (IP3R) and RyR contributes to Ca(2+) spark activation in skeletal muscle. In summary, our studies using osmotic stress induced Ca(2+) sparks showed that this intracellular response reflects a muscle signaling mechanism in physiology and aging/disease states, including mouse models of muscle dystrophy (mdx mice) or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS model).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Ho Park
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
| | - Noah Weisleder
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
| | - Jingsong Zhou
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center
| | - Kristyn Gumpper
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
| | - Pu Duann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
| | - Pei-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center;
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Manring H, Abreu E, Brotto L, Weisleder N, Brotto M. Novel excitation-contraction coupling related genes reveal aspects of muscle weakness beyond atrophy-new hopes for treatment of musculoskeletal diseases. Front Physiol 2014; 5:37. [PMID: 24600395 PMCID: PMC3927072 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Research over the last decade strengthened the understanding that skeletal muscles are not only the major tissue in the body from a volume point of view but also function as a master regulator contributing to optimal organismal health. These new contributions to the available body of knowledge triggered great interest in the roles of skeletal muscle beyond contraction. The World Health Organization, through its Global Burden of Disease (GBD) report, recently raised further awareness about the key importance of skeletal muscles as the GDB reported musculoskeletal (MSK) diseases have become the second greatest cause of disability, with more than 1.7 billion people in the globe affected by a diversity of MSK conditions. Besides their role in MSK disorders, skeletal muscles are also seen as principal metabolic organs with essential contributions to metabolic disorders, especially those linked to physical inactivity. In this review, we have focused on the unique function of new genes/proteins (i.e., MTMR14, MG29, sarcalumenin, KLF15) that during the last few years have helped provide novel insights about muscle function in health and disease, muscle fatigue, muscle metabolism, and muscle aging. Next, we provide an in depth discussion of how these genes/proteins converge into a common function of acting as regulators of intracellular calcium homeostasis. A clear link between dysfunctional calcium homeostasis is established and the special role of store-operated calcium entry is analyzed. The new knowledge that has been generated by the understanding of the roles of previously unknown modulatory genes of the skeletal muscle excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) process brings exciting new possibilities for treatment of MSK diseases, muscle regeneration, and skeletal muscle tissue engineering. The next decade of skeletal muscle and MSK research is bound to bring to fruition applied knowledge that will hopefully offset the current heavy and sad burden of MSK diseases on the planet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Manring
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Eduardo Abreu
- Muscle Biology Research Group, School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Leticia Brotto
- Muscle Biology Research Group, School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Noah Weisleder
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Marco Brotto
- Muscle Biology Research Group, School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City Kansas City, MO, USA ; Basic Medical Sciences Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City Kansas City, MO, USA ; Basic Medical Sciences Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City Kansas City, MO, USA
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48
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Basualto-Alarcón C, Varela D, Duran J, Maass R, Estrada M. Sarcopenia and Androgens: A Link between Pathology and Treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2014; 5:217. [PMID: 25566189 PMCID: PMC4270249 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, is becoming more prevalent as the lifespan continues to increase in most populations. As sarcopenia is highly disabling, being associated with increased risk of dependence, falls, fractures, weakness, disability, and death, development of approaches to its prevention and treatment are required. Androgens are the main physiologic anabolic steroid hormones and normal testosterone levels are necessary for a range of developmental and biological processes, including maintenance of muscle mass. Testosterone concentrations decline as age increase, suggesting that low plasma testosterone levels can cause or accelerate muscle- and age-related diseases, as sarcopenia. Currently, there is increasing interest on the anabolic properties of testosterone for therapeutic use in muscle diseases including sarcopenia. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this muscle syndrome and its relationship with plasma level of androgens are not completely understood. This review discusses the recent findings regarding sarcopenia, the intrinsic, and extrinsic mechanisms involved in the onset and progression of this disease and the treatment approaches that have been developed based on testosterone deficiency and their implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Basualto-Alarcón
- Programa de Anatomía y Biología del Desarrollo, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Varela
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javier Duran
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Maass
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Morfofunción, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel Estrada
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Manuel Estrada, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Santiago 8389100, Chile e-mail:
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Russ DW, Wills AM, Boyd IM, Krause J. Weakness, SR function and stress in gastrocnemius muscles of aged male rats. Exp Gerontol 2013; 50:40-4. [PMID: 24316040 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with a decline in muscle force that exceeds loss of muscle mass, suggesting that factors other than sarcopenia affect age-related muscle weakness. Here, we investigate in situ muscle force and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) properties in gastrocnemius muscles of adult (6-8 months) and aged (24 months) rats. Despite minimal loss of muscle mass, peak tetanic force was significantly reduced (-28%) in aged muscles. Adjusting for differences in muscle cross-sectional area mitigated the age difference (-23%), but it remained significant. The SR calcium release function was also impaired (-17%) with aging, although calcium uptake was not, and SR-associated glycogen increased (+30%) with aging. Western blotting revealed age related increases in Grp78, serinepalmitoyltransferase and neutral sphingomyelinase, suggesting that age increased the stress response and ceramide metabolism in the SR. In contrast Parkin, a protein associated with autophagic signaling, was reduced in the aged SR. These findings are consistent with a hypothesis that age-related impairments of the SR, possibly due to impaired autophagy and/or altered membrane metabolism, contribute to age-related muscle weakness, independent of changes in muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Russ
- Division of Physical Therapy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA; Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI), Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH, USA.
| | - Allison M Wills
- Division of Physical Therapy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Iva M Boyd
- Division of Physical Therapy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Jodi Krause
- Division of Physical Therapy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
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50
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Botta A, Malena A, Loro E, Del Moro G, Suman M, Pantic B, Szabadkai G, Vergani L. Altered Ca2+ homeostasis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in myotonic dystrophy type 1 muscle cells. Genes (Basel) 2013; 4:275-92. [PMID: 24705164 PMCID: PMC3899969 DOI: 10.3390/genes4020275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is linked to unstable CTG repeats in the DMPK gene which induce the mis-splicing to fetal/neonatal isoforms of many transcripts, including those involved in cellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Here we monitored the splicing of three genes encoding for Ca2+ transporters and channels (RyR1, SERCA1 and CACN1S) during maturation of primary DM1 muscle cells in parallel with the functionality of the Excitation-Contraction (EC) coupling machinery. At 15 days of differentiation, fetal isoforms of SERCA1 and CACN1S mRNA were significantly higher in DM1 myotubes compared to controls. Parallel functional studies showed that the cytosolic Ca2+ response to depolarization in DM1 myotubes did not increase during the progression of differentiation, in contrast to control myotubes. While we observed no differences in the size of intracellular Ca2+ stores, DM1 myotubes showed significantly reduced RyR1 protein levels, uncoupling between the segregated ER/SR Ca2+ store and the voltage-induced Ca2+ release machinery, parallel with induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers. In conclusion, our data suggest that perturbed Ca2+ homeostasis, via activation of ER stress, contributes to muscle degeneration in DM1 muscle cells likely representing a premature senescence phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Botta
- Department of Genetics, University "Tor Vergata", Roma 00133, Italy.
| | - Adriana Malena
- Department of Neurosciences SNPSRR, University of Padova, Padova 35100, Italy.
| | - Emanuele Loro
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Giulia Del Moro
- Department of Neurosciences SNPSRR, University of Padova, Padova 35100, Italy.
| | - Matteo Suman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua and CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padua 35100, Italy.
| | - Boris Pantic
- Department of Neurosciences SNPSRR, University of Padova, Padova 35100, Italy.
| | - Gyorgy Szabadkai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua and CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padua 35100, Italy.
| | - Lodovica Vergani
- Department of Neurosciences SNPSRR, University of Padova, Padova 35100, Italy.
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