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Martínez-Mármol R, Muhaisen A, Cotrufo T, Roselló-Busquets C, Ros O, Hernaiz-Llorens M, Pérez-Branguli F, Andrés RM, Parcerisas A, Pascual M, Ulloa F, Soriano E. Syntaxin-1 is necessary for UNC5A-C/Netrin-1-dependent macropinocytosis and chemorepulsion. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1253954. [PMID: 37829513 PMCID: PMC10565356 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1253954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Brain connectivity requires correct axonal guidance to drive axons to their appropriate targets. This process is orchestrated by guidance cues that exert attraction or repulsion to developing axons. However, the intricacies of the cellular machinery responsible for the correct response of growth cones are just being unveiled. Netrin-1 is a bifunctional molecule involved in axon pathfinding and cell migration that induces repulsion during postnatal cerebellar development. This process is mediated by UNC5 homolog receptors located on external granule layer (EGL) tracts. Methods Biochemical, imaging and cell biology techniques, as well as syntaxin-1A/B (Stx1A/B) knock-out mice were used in primary cultures and brain explants. Results and discussion Here, we demonstrate that this response is characterized by enhanced membrane internalization through macropinocytosis, but not clathrin-mediated endocytosis. We show that UNC5A, UNC5B, and UNC5C receptors form a protein complex with the t-SNARE syntaxin-1. By combining botulinum neurotoxins, an shRNA knock-down strategy and Stx1 knock-out mice, we demonstrate that this SNARE protein is required for Netrin1-induced macropinocytosis and chemorepulsion, suggesting that Stx1 is crucial in regulating Netrin-1-mediated axonal guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Martínez-Mármol
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ashraf Muhaisen
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED-CIBER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tiziana Cotrufo
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED-CIBER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Roselló-Busquets
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Ros
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Hernaiz-Llorens
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Pérez-Branguli
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- IZKF Junior Research Group and BMBF Research Group Neuroscience, IZKF, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rosa Maria Andrés
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED-CIBER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Parcerisas
- Tissue Repair and Regeneration Laboratory (TR2Lab), Institut de Recerca i Innovació en Ciències de la Vida i de la Salut a la Catalunya Central (IRIS-CC), Vic, Spain
- Biosciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, Technology and Engineerings, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
| | - Marta Pascual
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED-CIBER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fausto Ulloa
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED-CIBER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Soriano
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED-CIBER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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2
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Ros O, Nicol X. Axon pathfinding and targeting: (R)evolution of insights from in vitro assays. Neuroscience 2023; 508:110-122. [PMID: 36096337 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Investigating axonal behaviors while neurons are connecting with each other has been a challenge since the early studies on nervous system development. While molecule-driven axon pathfinding has been theorized by observing neurons at different developmental stages in vivo, direct observation and measurements of axon guidance behaviors required the invention of in vitro systems enabling to test the impact of molecules or cellular extracts on axons growing in vitro. With time, the development of novel in vivo approaches has confirmed the mechanisms highlighted in culture and has led in vitro systems to be adapted for cellular processes that are still inaccessible in intact organisms. We here review the evolution of these in vitro assays, which started with crucial contributions from the Bonhoeffer lab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Ros
- Universitat de Barcelona, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xavier Nicol
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France.
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3
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Gioelli N, Neilson LJ, Wei N, Villari G, Chen W, Kuhle B, Ehling M, Maione F, Willox S, Brundu S, Avanzato D, Koulouras G, Mazzone M, Giraudo E, Yang XL, Valdembri D, Zanivan S, Serini G. Neuropilin 1 and its inhibitory ligand mini-tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase inversely regulate VE-cadherin turnover and vascular permeability. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4188. [PMID: 35858913 PMCID: PMC9300702 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31904-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of a functional blood vessel network relies on the ability of endothelial cells (ECs) to dynamically rearrange their adhesive contacts in response to blood flow and guidance cues, such as vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and class 3 semaphorins (SEMA3s). Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) is essential for blood vessel development, independently of its ligands VEGF-A and SEMA3, through poorly understood mechanisms. Grounding on unbiased proteomic analysis, we report here that NRP1 acts as an endocytic chaperone primarily for adhesion receptors on the surface of unstimulated ECs. NRP1 localizes at adherens junctions (AJs) where, interacting with VE-cadherin, promotes its basal internalization-dependent turnover and favors vascular permeability initiated by histamine in both cultured ECs and mice. We identify a splice variant of tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (mini-WARS) as an unconventionally secreted extracellular inhibitory ligand of NRP1 that, by stabilizing it at the AJs, slows down both VE-cadherin turnover and histamine-elicited endothelial leakage. Thus, our work shows a role for NRP1 as a major regulator of AJs plasticity and reveals how mini-WARS acts as a physiological NRP1 inhibitory ligand in the control of VE-cadherin endocytic turnover and vascular permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Gioelli
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | | | - Na Wei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Giulia Villari
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Wenqian Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Bernhard Kuhle
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Manuel Ehling
- Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Federica Maione
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Sander Willox
- Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Serena Brundu
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniele Avanzato
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Enrico Giraudo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Xiang-Lei Yang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Donatella Valdembri
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Sara Zanivan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK.
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Guido Serini
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy.
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo (TO), Italy.
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Camblor-Perujo S, Kononenko NL. Brain-specific functions of the endocytic machinery. FEBS J 2021; 289:2219-2246. [PMID: 33896112 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endocytosis is an essential cellular process required for multiple physiological functions, including communication with the extracellular environment, nutrient uptake, and signaling by the cell surface receptors. In a broad sense, endocytosis is accomplished through either constitutive or ligand-induced invagination of the plasma membrane, which results in the formation of the plasma membrane-retrieved endocytic vesicles, which can either be sent for degradation to the lysosomes or recycled back to the PM. This additional function of endocytosis in membrane retrieval has been adopted by excitable cells, such as neurons, for membrane equilibrium maintenance at synapses. The last two decades were especially productive with respect to the identification of brain-specific functions of the endocytic machinery, which additionally include but not limited to regulation of neuronal differentiation and migration, maintenance of neuron morphology and synaptic plasticity, and prevention of neurotoxic aggregates spreading. In this review, we highlight the current knowledge of brain-specific functions of endocytic machinery with a specific focus on three brain cell types, neuronal progenitor cells, neurons, and glial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia L Kononenko
- CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Germany.,Center for Physiology & Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany
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5
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FEZ1 Forms Complexes with CRMP1 and DCC to Regulate Axon and Dendrite Development. eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO.0193-20.2021. [PMID: 33771901 PMCID: PMC8174033 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0193-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Elaboration of neuronal processes is an early step in neuronal development. Guidance cues must work closely with intracellular trafficking pathways to direct expanding axons and dendrites to their target neurons during the formation of neuronal networks. However, how such coordination is achieved remains incompletely understood. Here, we characterize an interaction between fasciculation and elongation protein zeta 1 (FEZ1), an adapter involved in synaptic protein transport, and collapsin response mediator protein (CRMP)1, a protein that functions in growth cone guidance, at neuronal growth cones. We show that similar to CRMP1 loss-of-function mutants, FEZ1 deficiency in rat hippocampal neurons causes growth cone collapse and impairs axonal development. Strikingly, FEZ1-deficient neurons also exhibited a reduction in dendritic complexity stronger than that observed in CRMP1-deficient neurons, suggesting that the former could partake in additional developmental signaling pathways. Supporting this, FEZ1 colocalizes with VAMP2 in developing hippocampal neurons and forms a separate complex with deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) and Syntaxin-1 (Stx1), components of the Netrin-1 signaling pathway that are also involved in regulating axon and dendrite development. Significantly, developing axons and dendrites of FEZ1-deficient neurons fail to respond to Netrin-1 or Netrin-1 and Sema3A treatment, respectively. Taken together, these findings highlight the importance of FEZ1 as a common effector to integrate guidance signaling pathways with intracellular trafficking to mediate axo-dendrite development during neuronal network formation.
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6
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Urbina FL, Gupton SL. SNARE-Mediated Exocytosis in Neuronal Development. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:133. [PMID: 32848598 PMCID: PMC7427632 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of the nervous system involves establishing complex networks of synaptic connections between proper partners. This developmental undertaking requires the rapid expansion of the plasma membrane surface area as neurons grow and polarize, extending axons through the extracellular environment. Critical to the expansion of the plasma membrane and addition of plasma membrane material is exocytic vesicle fusion, a regulated mechanism driven by soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment proteins receptors (SNAREs). Since their discovery, SNAREs have been implicated in several critical neuronal functions involving exocytic fusion in addition to synaptic transmission, including neurite initiation and outgrowth, axon specification, axon extension, and synaptogenesis. Decades of research have uncovered a rich variety of SNARE expression and function. The basis of SNARE-mediated fusion, the opening of a fusion pore, remains an enigmatic event, despite an incredible amount of research, as fusion is not only heterogeneous but also spatially small and temporally fast. Multiple modes of exocytosis have been proposed, with full-vesicle fusion (FFV) and kiss-and-run (KNR) being the best described. Whereas most in vitro work has reconstituted fusion using VAMP-2, SNAP-25, and syntaxin-1; there is much to learn regarding the behaviors of distinct SNARE complexes. In the past few years, robust heterogeneity in the kinetics and fate of the fusion pore that varies by cell type have been uncovered, suggesting a paradigm shift in how the modes of exocytosis are viewed is warranted. Here, we explore both classic and recent work uncovering the variety of SNAREs and their importance in the development of neurons, as well as historical and newly proposed modes of exocytosis, their regulation, and proteins involved in the regulation of fusion kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio L. Urbina
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Stephanie L. Gupton
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- UNC Neuroscience Center, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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7
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Neuroprotective Strategies for Retinal Ganglion Cell Degeneration: Current Status and Challenges Ahead. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072262. [PMID: 32218163 PMCID: PMC7177277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the output cells of the retina into the brain. In mammals, these cells are not able to regenerate their axons after optic nerve injury, leaving the patients with optic neuropathies with permanent visual loss. An effective RGCs-directed therapy could provide a beneficial effect to prevent the progression of the disease. Axonal injury leads to the functional loss of RGCs and subsequently induces neuronal death, and axonal regeneration would be essential to restore the neuronal connectivity, and to reestablish the function of the visual system. The manipulation of several intrinsic and extrinsic factors has been proposed in order to stimulate axonal regeneration and functional repairing of axonal connections in the visual pathway. However, there is a missing point in the process since, until now, there is no therapeutic strategy directed to promote axonal regeneration of RGCs as a therapeutic approach for optic neuropathies.
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8
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Chan-Juan H, Sen L, Li-Qianyu A, Jian Y, Rong-Di Y. MicroRNA-30b regulates the polarity of retinal ganglion cells by inhibiting semaphorin-3A. Mol Vis 2019; 25:722-730. [PMID: 31814697 PMCID: PMC6857778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) polarity plays an important role in optic nerve regeneration. This study was designed to investigate whether semaphorin-3A (Sema3A) is involved in the regulation of RGC polarity and Sema3A protein expression. Methods Cultured primary RGCs were treated with Fc-Sema3A or Sema3A siRNA or transfected with purified miR-30b recombinant adenoassociated virus (rAAV). The polarity of the RGCs was observed with immunofluorescence. A western blot analysis of phosphorylated protein kinase A (p-PKA), the downstream effector molecule phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β), and collapsing response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) was performed. Results We found that Sema3A could statistically significantly promote dendritic branching while inhibiting the growth of axons in RGCs. miR-30b overexpression and Sema3A siRNA could statistically significantly promote the growth of axons while inhibiting the growth of dendrites from RGCs. Additionally, miR-30b could restrain the expression of Sema3A protein and its downstream PKA/GSK-3β/CRMP2 signaling pathways. Conclusions The results indicate that Sema3A promotes dendritic growth and inhibits axonal growth, which is not conducive to the early repair of optic nerve injury. The overexpression of miR-30b can overcome this problem, and may represent a new target for the treatment of nerve injury and regeneration in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Chan-Juan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Surgery & Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Lin Sen
- The Department of Ophthalmology in Daping Hospital, Army Medical University of PLA, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ai Li-Qianyu
- The Department of Ophthalmology in Daping Hospital, Army Medical University of PLA, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ye Jian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Surgery & Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Rong-Di
- The Department of Ophthalmology in Daping Hospital, Army Medical University of PLA, Chongqing, P.R. China
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9
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Gioelli N, Maione F, Camillo C, Ghitti M, Valdembri D, Morello N, Darche M, Zentilin L, Cagnoni G, Qiu Y, Giacca M, Giustetto M, Paques M, Cascone I, Musco G, Tamagnone L, Giraudo E, Serini G. A rationally designed NRP1-independent superagonist SEMA3A mutant is an effective anticancer agent. Sci Transl Med 2019; 10:10/442/eaah4807. [PMID: 29794061 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aah4807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vascular normalizing strategies, aimed at ameliorating blood vessel perfusion and lessening tissue hypoxia, are treatments that may improve the outcome of cancer patients. Secreted class 3 semaphorins (SEMA3), which are thought to directly bind neuropilin (NRP) co-receptors that, in turn, associate with and elicit plexin (PLXN) receptor signaling, are effective normalizing agents of the cancer vasculature. Yet, SEMA3A was also reported to trigger adverse side effects via NRP1. We rationally designed and generated a safe, parenterally deliverable, and NRP1-independent SEMA3A point mutant isoform that, unlike its wild-type counterpart, binds PLXNA4 with nanomolar affinity and has much greater biochemical and biological activities in cultured endothelial cells. In vivo, when parenterally administered in mouse models of pancreatic cancer, the NRP1-independent SEMA3A point mutant successfully normalized the vasculature, inhibited tumor growth, curbed metastatic dissemination, and effectively improved the supply and anticancer activity of chemotherapy. Mutant SEMA3A also inhibited retinal neovascularization in a mouse model of age-related macular degeneration. In summary, mutant SEMA3A is a vascular normalizing agent that can be exploited to treat cancer and, potentially, other diseases characterized by pathological angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Gioelli
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Maione
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy.,Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Camillo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Michela Ghitti
- Biomolecular NMR Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Donatella Valdembri
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Noemi Morello
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino School of Medicine, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Marie Darche
- Growth, Reparation and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, ERL-CNRS 9215, University of Paris-Est, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Lorena Zentilin
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cagnoni
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Yaqi Qiu
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy.,Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Mauro Giacca
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Giustetto
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino School of Medicine, 10126 Torino, Italy.,National Institute of Neuroscience-Italy, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Michel Paques
- Vision Institute, Sorbonne University, UPMC University of Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, 75012 Paris, France.,Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DHOS CIC 503, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Ilaria Cascone
- Growth, Reparation and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, ERL-CNRS 9215, University of Paris-Est, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Giovanna Musco
- Biomolecular NMR Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Tamagnone
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Enrico Giraudo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy. .,Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Guido Serini
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy. .,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
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Hossain MM, Tsuzuki T, Sakakibara K, Imaizumi F, Ikegaya A, Inagaki M, Takahashi I, Ito T, Takamatsu H, Kumanogoh A, Negishi T, Yukawa K. PlexinA1 is crucial for the midline crossing of callosal axons during corpus callosum development in BALB/cAJ mice. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221440. [PMID: 31430342 PMCID: PMC6701775 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The corpus callosum (CC) is the biggest commissure that links cerebral hemispheres. Guidepost structures develop in the cortical midline during CC development and express axon guidance molecules that instruct neurons regarding the proper direction of axonal elongation toward and across the cortical midline. Neuropilin-1 (Npn1), a high affinity receptor for class 3 semaphorins (Sema3s) localized on cingulate pioneering axons, plays a crucial role in axon guidance to the midline through interactions with Sema3s. However, it remains unclear which type of Plexin is a component of Sema3 holoreceptors with Npn1 during the guidance of cingulate pioneering axons. To address the role of PlexinA1 in CC development, we examined with immunohistochemistry the localization of PlexinA1, Npn1, and Sema3s using embryonic brains from wild-type (WT) and PlexinA1-deficient (PlexinA1 knock-out (KO)) mice with a BALB/cAJ background. The immunohistochemistry confirmed the expression of PlexinA1 in callosal axons derived from the cingulate and neocortex of the WT mice on embryonic day 17.5 (E17.5) but not in the PlexinA1 KO mice. To examine the role of PlexinA1 in the navigation of callosal axons, the extension of callosal axons toward and across the midline was traced in brains of WT and PlexinA1 KO mice at E17.5. As a result, callosal axons in the PlexinA1 KO brains had a significantly lower incidence of midline crossing at E17.5 compared with the WT brains. To further examine the role of PlexinA1 in CC development, the CC phenotype was examined in PlexinA1 KO mice at postnatal day 0.5 (P0.5). Most of the PlexinA1 KO mice at P0.5 showed agenesis of the CC. These results indicate the crucial involvement of PlexinA1 in the midline crossing of callosal axons during CC development in BALB/cAJ mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Takamasa Tsuzuki
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sakakibara
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Imaizumi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ikegaya
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mami Inagaki
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ikuko Takahashi
- Radioisotope Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takuji Ito
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hyota Takamatsu
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Takayuki Negishi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazunori Yukawa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
- * E-mail:
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11
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Wang G, Galli T. Reciprocal link between cell biomechanics and exocytosis. Traffic 2018; 19:741-749. [PMID: 29943478 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A cell is able to sense the biomechanical properties of the environment such as the rigidity of the extracellular matrix and adapt its tension via regulation of plasma membrane and underlying actomyosin meshwork properties. The cell's ability to adapt to the changing biomechanical environment is important for cellular homeostasis and also cell dynamics such as cell growth and motility. Membrane trafficking has emerged as an important mechanism to regulate cell biomechanics. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the role of cell mechanics in exocytosis, and reciprocally, the role of exocytosis in regulating cell mechanics. We also discuss how cell mechanics and membrane trafficking, particularly exocytosis, can work together to regulate cell polarity and motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Wang
- Membrane Traffic in Healthy & Diseased Brain, Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, INSERM U894, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Galli
- Membrane Traffic in Healthy & Diseased Brain, Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, INSERM U894, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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12
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Cagnetta R, Frese CK, Shigeoka T, Krijgsveld J, Holt CE. Rapid Cue-Specific Remodeling of the Nascent Axonal Proteome. Neuron 2018; 99:29-46.e4. [PMID: 30008298 PMCID: PMC6048689 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Axonal protein synthesis and degradation are rapidly regulated by extrinsic signals during neural wiring, but the full landscape of proteomic changes remains unknown due to limitations in axon sampling and sensitivity. By combining pulsed stable isotope labeling of amino acids in cell culture with single-pot solid-phase-enhanced sample preparation, we characterized the nascent proteome of isolated retinal axons on an unparalleled rapid timescale (5 min). Our analysis detects 350 basally translated axonal proteins on average, including several linked to neurological disease. Axons stimulated by different cues (Netrin-1, BDNF, Sema3A) show distinct signatures with more than 100 different nascent protein species up- or downregulated within the first 5 min followed by further dynamic remodeling. Switching repulsion to attraction triggers opposite regulation of a subset of common nascent proteins. Our findings thus reveal the rapid remodeling of the axonal proteomic landscape by extrinsic cues and uncover a logic underlying attraction versus repulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Cagnetta
- Department of Physiology Development and Neuroscience, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Christian K Frese
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstr. 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Toshiaki Shigeoka
- Department of Physiology Development and Neuroscience, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Jeroen Krijgsveld
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstr. 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Excellence Cluster CellNetworks, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
| | - Christine E Holt
- Department of Physiology Development and Neuroscience, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK.
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13
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Ros O, Barrecheguren PJ, Cotrufo T, Schaettin M, Roselló-Busquets C, Vílchez-Acosta A, Hernaiz-Llorens M, Martínez-Marmol R, Ulloa F, Stoeckli ET, Araújo SJ, Soriano E. A conserved role for Syntaxin-1 in pre- and post-commissural midline axonal guidance in fly, chick, and mouse. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007432. [PMID: 29912942 PMCID: PMC6029812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Axonal growth and guidance rely on correct growth cone responses to guidance cues. Unlike the signaling cascades that link axonal growth to cytoskeletal dynamics, little is known about the crosstalk mechanisms between guidance and membrane dynamics and turnover. Recent studies indicate that whereas axonal attraction requires exocytosis, chemorepulsion relies on endocytosis. Indeed, our own studies have shown that Netrin-1/Deleted in Colorectal Cancer (DCC) signaling triggers exocytosis through the SNARE Syntaxin-1 (STX1). However, limited in vivo evidence is available about the role of SNARE proteins in axonal guidance. To address this issue, here we systematically deleted SNARE genes in three species. We show that loss-of-function of STX1 results in pre- and post-commissural axonal guidance defects in the midline of fly, chick, and mouse embryos. Inactivation of VAMP2, Ti-VAMP, and SNAP25 led to additional abnormalities in axonal guidance. We also confirmed that STX1 loss-of-function results in reduced sensitivity of commissural axons to Slit-2 and Netrin-1. Finally, genetic interaction studies in Drosophila show that STX1 interacts with both the Netrin-1/DCC and Robo/Slit pathways. Our data provide evidence of an evolutionarily conserved role of STX1 and SNARE proteins in midline axonal guidance in vivo, by regulating both pre- and post-commissural guidance mechanisms. Syntaxin-1 is a core factor in tethering synaptic vesicles and mediating their fusion to the cell membrane at the synapse. Thus, Syntaxin-1 mediates neurotransmission in the adult nervous system. Here we show that this protein is also involved in axonal guidance in the CNS of vertebrates and invertebrates during the development of the nervous system: our systematic analysis of the phenotypes in the nervous system midline of fly, chick, and mouse embryos mutant for Syntaxin-1 unveils an evolutionarily conserved role for this protein in midline axonal guidance. Further, we also dissect the contribution of other proteins regulating neuronal exocytosis in axonal development. We propose that the coupling of the guidance molecule machinery to proteins that regulate exocytosis is a general mechanism linking chemotropism to axonal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Ros
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo José Barrecheguren
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Barcelona (IRB Barcelona), Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tiziana Cotrufo
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martina Schaettin
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Roselló-Busquets
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Vílchez-Acosta
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marc Hernaiz-Llorens
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Martínez-Marmol
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fausto Ulloa
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther T. Stoeckli
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (ETS); (SJA); (ES)
| | - Sofia J. Araújo
- Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Barcelona (IRB Barcelona), Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Biologia Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC), Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (ETS); (SJA); (ES)
| | - Eduardo Soriano
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Vall d´Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (ETS); (SJA); (ES)
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14
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Ulloa F, Cotrufo T, Ricolo D, Soriano E, Araújo SJ. SNARE complex in axonal guidance and neuroregeneration. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:386-392. [PMID: 29623913 PMCID: PMC5900491 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.228710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Through complex mechanisms that guide axons to the appropriate routes towards their targets, axonal growth and guidance lead to neuronal system formation. These mechanisms establish the synaptic circuitry necessary for the optimal performance of the nervous system in all organisms. Damage to these networks can be repaired by neuroregenerative processes which in turn can re-establish synapses between injured axons and postsynaptic terminals. Both axonal growth and guidance and the neuroregenerative response rely on correct axonal growth and growth cone responses to guidance cues as well as correct synapses with appropriate targets. With this in mind, parallels can be drawn between axonal regeneration and processes occurring during embryonic nervous system development. However, when studying parallels between axonal development and regeneration many questions still arise; mainly, how do axons grow and synapse with their targets and how do they repair their membranes, grow and orchestrate regenerative responses after injury. Major players in the cellular and molecular processes that lead to growth cone development and movement during embryonic development are the Soluble N-ethylamaleimide Sensitive Factor (NSF) Attachment Protein Receptor (SNARE) proteins, which have been shown to be involved in axonal growth and guidance. Their involvement in axonal growth, guidance and neuroregeneration is of foremost importance, due to their roles in vesicle and membrane trafficking events. Here, we review the recent literature on the involvement of SNARE proteins in axonal growth and guidance during embryonic development and neuroregeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Ulloa
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Tiziana Cotrufo
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Delia Ricolo
- Institut de Biologia Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC), Parc Cientific de Barcelona; Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Soriano
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, and Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid; Vall d´Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sofia J Araújo
- Institut de Biologia Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC), Parc Cientific de Barcelona; Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Quiroga S, Bisbal M, Cáceres A. Regulation of plasma membrane expansion during axon formation. Dev Neurobiol 2017; 78:170-180. [PMID: 29090510 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Here, will review current evidence regarding the signaling pathways and mechanisms underlying membrane addition at sites of active growth during axon formation. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 78: 170-180, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Quiroga
- Dpto. de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto y Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica Córdoba (CIQUIBIC-CONICET) Av. Haya de la Torre s/n Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina.,Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC) Av. Haya de la Torre s/n Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mariano Bisbal
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC) Av. Haya de la Torre s/n Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC-CONICET) Av. Friuli 2434, 5016, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto Universitario Ciencias Biomédicas de Córdoba (IUCBC), Av. Friuli 2786, 5016, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alfredo Cáceres
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC) Av. Haya de la Torre s/n Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC-CONICET) Av. Friuli 2434, 5016, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto Universitario Ciencias Biomédicas de Córdoba (IUCBC), Av. Friuli 2786, 5016, Córdoba, Argentina
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16
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Plooster M, Menon S, Winkle CC, Urbina FL, Monkiewicz C, Phend KD, Weinberg RJ, Gupton SL. TRIM9-dependent ubiquitination of DCC constrains kinase signaling, exocytosis, and axon branching. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:2374-2385. [PMID: 28701345 PMCID: PMC5576901 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-08-0594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the presence of netrin, tripartite motif protein 9 (TRIM9) promotes deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) clustering, but TRIM9-dependent ubiquitination of DCC is reduced. Loss of ubiquitination promotes an interaction between DCC and FAK and FAK activation. FAK activation is required for the progression from SNARE assembly to exocytic vesicle fusion, which supplies membrane material for axon branching. Extracellular netrin-1 and its receptor deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) promote axon branching in developing cortical neurons. Netrin-dependent morphogenesis is preceded by multimerization of DCC, activation of FAK and Src family kinases, and increases in exocytic vesicle fusion, yet how these occurrences are linked is unknown. Here we demonstrate that tripartite motif protein 9 (TRIM9)-dependent ubiquitination of DCC blocks the interaction with and phosphorylation of FAK. Upon netrin-1 stimulation TRIM9 promotes DCC multimerization, but TRIM9-dependent ubiquitination of DCC is reduced, which promotes an interaction with FAK and subsequent FAK activation. We found that inhibition of FAK activity blocks elevated frequencies of exocytosis in vitro and elevated axon branching in vitro and in vivo. Although FAK inhibition decreased soluble N-ethylmaleimide attachment protein receptor (SNARE)-mediated exocytosis, assembled SNARE complexes and vesicles adjacent to the plasma membrane increased, suggesting a novel role for FAK in the progression from assembled SNARE complexes to vesicle fusion in developing murine neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Plooster
- Cell Biology and Physiology Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Shalini Menon
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Cortney C Winkle
- Neurobiology Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Fabio L Urbina
- Cell Biology and Physiology Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Caroline Monkiewicz
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Kristen D Phend
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Richard J Weinberg
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Stephanie L Gupton
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 .,Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
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17
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Cyclic Nucleotide Control of Microtubule Dynamics for Axon Guidance. J Neurosci 2017; 36:5636-49. [PMID: 27194341 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3596-15.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Graded distribution of intracellular second messengers, such as Ca(2+) and cyclic nucleotides, mediates directional cell migration, including axon navigational responses to extracellular guidance cues, in the developing nervous system. Elevated concentrations of cAMP or cGMP on one side of the neuronal growth cone induce its attractive or repulsive turning, respectively. Although effector processes downstream of Ca(2+) have been extensively studied, very little is known about the mechanisms that enable cyclic nucleotides to steer migrating cells. Here, we show that asymmetric cyclic nucleotide signaling across the growth cone mediates axon guidance via modulating microtubule dynamics and membrane organelle transport. In embryonic chick dorsal root ganglion neurons in culture, contact of an extending microtubule with the growth cone leading edge induces localized membrane protrusion at the site of microtubule contact. Such a contact-induced protrusion requires exocytosis of vesicle-associated membrane protein 7 (VAMP7)-positive vesicles that have been transported centrifugally along the microtubule. We found that the two cyclic nucleotides counteractively regulate the frequency of microtubule contacts and targeted delivery of VAMP7 vesicles: cAMP stimulates and cGMP inhibits these events, thereby steering the growth cone in the opposite directions. By contrast, Ca(2+) signals elicit no detectable change in either microtubule contacts or VAMP7 vesicle delivery during Ca(2+)-induced growth cone turning. Our findings clearly demonstrate growth cone steering machinery downstream of cyclic nucleotide signaling and highlight a crucial role of dynamic microtubules in leading-edge protrusion for cell chemotaxis. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Developing neurons can extend long axons toward their postsynaptic targets. The tip of each axon, called the growth cone, recognizes extracellular guidance cues and navigates the axon along the correct path. Here we show that asymmetric cyclic nucleotide signaling across the growth cone mediates axon guidance through localized regulation of microtubule dynamics and resulting recruitment of specific populations of membrane vesicles to the growth cone's leading edge. Remarkably, cAMP stimulates microtubule growth and membrane protrusion, whereas cGMP promotes microtubule retraction and membrane senescence, explaining the opposite directional polarities of growth cone turning induced by these cyclic nucleotides. This study reveals a novel microtubule-based mechanism through which cyclic nucleotides polarize the growth cone steering machinery for bidirectional axon guidance.
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18
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Barrecheguren PJ, Ros O, Cotrufo T, Kunz B, Soriano E, Ulloa F, Stoeckli ET, Araújo SJ. SNARE proteins play a role in motor axon guidance in vertebrates and invertebrates. Dev Neurobiol 2017; 77:963-974. [DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo José Barrecheguren
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology; University of Barcelona; Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Oriol Ros
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology; University of Barcelona; Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII; Madrid 28031 Spain
| | - Tiziana Cotrufo
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology; University of Barcelona; Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII; Madrid 28031 Spain
| | - Beat Kunz
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich; Zurich 8057 Switzerland
| | - Eduardo Soriano
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology; University of Barcelona; Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII; Madrid 28031 Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR); Barcelona 08035 Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA); Barcelona 08010 Spain
| | - Fausto Ulloa
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology; University of Barcelona; Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII; Madrid 28031 Spain
| | - Esther T. Stoeckli
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich; Zurich 8057 Switzerland
| | - Sofia J. Araújo
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Institut de Biologia Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC); Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology; University of Barcelona; Barcelona 08028 Spain
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19
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Wojnacki J, Galli T. Membrane traffic during axon development. Dev Neurobiol 2016; 76:1185-1200. [PMID: 26945675 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Brain formation requires the establishment of complex neural circuits between a diverse array of neuronal subtypes in an intricate and ever changing microenvironment and yet with a large degree of specificity and reproducibility. In the last three decades, mounting evidence has established that neuronal development relies on the coordinated regulation of gene expression, cytoskeletal dynamics, and membrane trafficking. Membrane trafficking has been considered important in that it brings new membrane and proteins to the plasma membrane of developing neurons and because it also generates and maintains the polarized distribution of proteins into neuronal subdomains. More recently, accumulating evidence suggests that membrane trafficking may have an even more active role during development by regulating the distribution and degree of activation of a wide variety of proteins located in plasma membrane subdomains and endosomes. In this article the evidence supporting the different roles of membrane trafficking during axonal development, particularly focusing on the role of SNAREs and Rabs was reviewed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 76: 1185-1200, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Wojnacki
- Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 7592, Membrane Traffic in Health & Disease, INSERM ERL U950, Paris, F-75013, France
| | - Thierry Galli
- Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 7592, Membrane Traffic in Health & Disease, INSERM ERL U950, Paris, F-75013, France.
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20
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Lim JWC, Donahoo ALS, Bunt J, Edwards TJ, Fenlon LR, Liu Y, Zhou J, Moldrich RX, Piper M, Gobius I, Bailey TL, Wray NR, Kessaris N, Poo MM, Rubenstein JLR, Richards LJ. EMX1 regulates NRP1-mediated wiring of the mouse anterior cingulate cortex. Development 2016; 142:3746-57. [PMID: 26534986 DOI: 10.1242/dev.119909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors act during cortical development as master regulatory genes that specify cortical arealization and cellular identities. Although numerous transcription factors have been identified as being crucial for cortical development, little is known about their downstream targets and how they mediate the emergence of specific neuronal connections via selective axon guidance. The EMX transcription factors are essential for early patterning of the cerebral cortex, but whether EMX1 mediates interhemispheric connectivity by controlling corpus callosum formation remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that in mice on the C57Bl/6 background EMX1 plays an essential role in the midline crossing of an axonal subpopulation of the corpus callosum derived from the anterior cingulate cortex. In the absence of EMX1, cingulate axons display reduced expression of the axon guidance receptor NRP1 and form aberrant axonal bundles within the rostral corpus callosum. EMX1 also functions as a transcriptional activator of Nrp1 expression in vitro, and overexpression of this protein in Emx1 knockout mice rescues the midline-crossing phenotype. These findings reveal a novel role for the EMX1 transcription factor in establishing cortical connectivity by regulating the interhemispheric wiring of a subpopulation of neurons within the mouse anterior cingulate cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan W C Lim
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Amber-Lee S Donahoo
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Jens Bunt
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Timothy J Edwards
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Laura R Fenlon
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Ying Liu
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Jing Zhou
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Randal X Moldrich
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Michael Piper
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane 4072, Australia The University of Queensland, The School of Biomedical Sciences, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Ilan Gobius
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Timothy L Bailey
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Naomi R Wray
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Nicoletta Kessaris
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Mu-Ming Poo
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - John L R Rubenstein
- Nina Ireland Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Linda J Richards
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane 4072, Australia The University of Queensland, The School of Biomedical Sciences, Brisbane 4072, Australia
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21
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Barber M, Pierani A. Tangential migration of glutamatergic neurons and cortical patterning during development: Lessons from Cajal-Retzius cells. Dev Neurobiol 2015; 76:847-81. [PMID: 26581033 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tangential migration is a mode of cell movement, which in the developing cerebral cortex, is defined by displacement parallel to the ventricular surface and orthogonal to the radial glial fibers. This mode of long-range migration is a strategy by which distinct neuronal classes generated from spatially and molecularly distinct origins can integrate to form appropriate neural circuits within the cortical plate. While it was previously believed that only GABAergic cortical interneurons migrate tangentially from their origins in the subpallial ganglionic eminences to integrate in the cortical plate, it is now known that transient populations of glutamatergic neurons also adopt this mode of migration. These include Cajal-Retzius cells (CRs), subplate neurons (SPs), and cortical plate transient neurons (CPTs), which have crucial roles in orchestrating the radial and tangential development of the embryonic cerebral cortex in a noncell-autonomous manner. While CRs have been extensively studied, it is only in the last decade that the molecular mechanisms governing their tangential migration have begun to be elucidated. To date, the mechanisms of SPs and CPTs tangential migration remain unknown. We therefore review the known signaling pathways, which regulate parameters of CRs migration including their motility, contact-redistribution and adhesion to the pial surface, and discuss this in the context of how CR migration may regulate their signaling activity in a spatial and temporal manner. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 76: 847-881, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Barber
- Institut Jacques-Monod, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra Pierani
- Institut Jacques-Monod, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France
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22
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Ropert N, Jalil A, Li D. Expression and cellular function of vSNARE proteins in brain astrocytes. Neuroscience 2015; 323:76-83. [PMID: 26518463 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Gray matter protoplasmic astrocytes, a major type of glial cell in the mammalian brain, extend thin processes ensheathing neuronal synaptic terminals. Albeit electrically silent, astrocytes respond to neuronal activity with Ca(2+) signals that trigger the release of gliotransmitters, such as glutamate, d-serine, and ATP, which modulate synaptic transmission. It has been suggested that the astrocytic processes, together with neuronal pre- and post-synaptic elements, constitute a tripartite synapse, and that astrocytes actively regulate information processing. Astrocytic vesicles expressing VAMP2 and VAMP3 vesicular SNARE (vSNARE) proteins have been suggested to be a key feature of the tripartite synapse and mediate gliotransmitter release through Ca(2+)-regulated exocytosis. However, the concept of exocytotic release of gliotransmitters by astrocytes has been challenged. Here we review studies investigating the expression profile of VAMP2 and VAMP3 vSNARE proteins in rodent astrocytes, and the functional implication of VAMP2/VAMP3 vesicles in astrocyte signaling. We also discuss our recent data suggesting that astrocytic VAMP3 vesicles regulate the trafficking of glutamate transporters at the plasma membrane and glutamate uptake. A better understanding of the functional consequences of the astrocytic vSNARE vesicles on glutamate signaling, neuronal excitability and plasticity, will require the development of new strategies to selectively interrogate the astrocytic vesicles trafficking in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ropert
- Brain Physiology Laboratory, CNRS UMR8118, Paris F-75006, France; Fédération de Recherche en Neurosciences, FR 3636, Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints Pères, Paris F-75006, France; Sorbonne Paris Cité, 190, avenue de France, Paris F-75013, France
| | - A Jalil
- Brain Physiology Laboratory, CNRS UMR8118, Paris F-75006, France; Fédération de Recherche en Neurosciences, FR 3636, Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints Pères, Paris F-75006, France; Sorbonne Paris Cité, 190, avenue de France, Paris F-75013, France
| | - D Li
- Brain Physiology Laboratory, CNRS UMR8118, Paris F-75006, France; Fédération de Recherche en Neurosciences, FR 3636, Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints Pères, Paris F-75006, France; Sorbonne Paris Cité, 190, avenue de France, Paris F-75013, France.
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23
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Migration Speed of Cajal-Retzius Cells Modulated by Vesicular Trafficking Controls the Size of Higher-Order Cortical Areas. Curr Biol 2015; 25:2466-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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24
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Grassi D, Plonka FB, Oksdath M, Guil AN, Sosa LJ, Quiroga S. Selected SNARE proteins are essential for the polarized membrane insertion of igf-1 receptor and the regulation of initial axonal outgrowth in neurons. Cell Discov 2015; 1:15023. [PMID: 27462422 PMCID: PMC4860833 DOI: 10.1038/celldisc.2015.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The establishment of polarity necessitates initial axonal outgrowth and,
therefore, the addition of new membrane to the axon’s plasmalemma.
Axolemmal expansion occurs by exocytosis of plasmalemmal precursor vesicles
(PPVs) primarily at the neuronal growth cone. Little is known about the SNAREs
family proteins involved in the regulation of PPV fusion with the neuronal
plasmalemma at early stages of differentiation. We show here that five SNARE
proteins (VAMP2, VAMP4, VAMP7, Syntaxin6 and SNAP23) were expressed by
hippocampal pyramidal neurons before polarization. Expression silencing of three
of these proteins (VAMP4, Syntaxin6 and SNAP23) repressed axonal outgrowth and
the establishment of neuronal polarity, by inhibiting IGF-1 receptor exocytotic
polarized insertion, necessary for neuronal polarization. In addition,
stimulation with IGF-1 triggered the association of VAMP4, Syntaxin6 and SNAP23
to vesicular structures carrying the IGF-1 receptor and overexpression of a
negative dominant form of Syntaxin6 significantly inhibited exocytosis of IGF-1
receptor containing vesicles at the neuronal growth cone. Taken together, our
results indicated that VAMP4, Syntaxin6 and SNAP23 functions are essential for
regulation of PPV exocytosis and the polarized insertion of IGF-1 receptor and,
therefore, required for initial axonal elongation and the establishment of
neuronal polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Grassi
- Departamento de Química Biológica-CIQUIBIC, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-CONICET , Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Florentyna Bustos Plonka
- Departamento de Química Biológica-CIQUIBIC, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-CONICET , Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mariana Oksdath
- Departamento de Química Biológica-CIQUIBIC, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-CONICET , Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alvaro Nieto Guil
- Departamento de Química Biológica-CIQUIBIC, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-CONICET , Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lucas J Sosa
- Departamento de Química Biológica-CIQUIBIC, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-CONICET , Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Santiago Quiroga
- Departamento de Química Biológica-CIQUIBIC, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-CONICET , Córdoba, Argentina
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25
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Foley K, Rucki AA, Xiao Q, Zhou D, Leubner A, Mo G, Kleponis J, Wu AA, Sharma R, Jiang Q, Anders RA, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Hajjar KA, Maitra A, Jaffee EM, Zheng L. Semaphorin 3D autocrine signaling mediates the metastatic role of annexin A2 in pancreatic cancer. Sci Signal 2015; 8:ra77. [PMID: 26243191 PMCID: PMC4811025 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaa5823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Most patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) present with metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis or will recur with metastases after surgical treatment. Semaphorin-plexin signaling mediates the migration of neuronal axons during development and of blood vessels during angiogenesis. The expression of the gene encoding semaphorin 3D (Sema3D) is increased in PDA tumors, and the presence of antibodies against the pleiotropic protein annexin A2 (AnxA2) in the sera of some patients after surgical resection of PDA is associated with longer recurrence-free survival. By knocking out AnxA2 in a transgenic mouse model of PDA (KPC) that recapitulates the progression of human PDA from premalignancy to metastatic disease, we found that AnxA2 promoted metastases in vivo. The expression of AnxA2 promoted the secretion of Sema3D from PDA cells, which coimmunoprecipitated with the co-receptor plexin D1 (PlxnD1) on PDA cells. Mouse PDA cells in which SEMA3D was knocked down or ANXA2-null PDA cells exhibited decreased invasive and metastatic potential in culture and in mice. However, restoring Sema3D in AnxA2-null cells did not entirely rescue metastatic behavior in culture and in vivo, suggesting that AnxA2 mediates additional prometastatic mechanisms. Patients with primary PDA tumors that have abundant Sema3D have widely metastatic disease and decreased survival compared to patients with tumors that have relatively low Sema3D abundance. Thus, AnxA2 and Sema3D may be new therapeutic targets and prognostic markers of metastatic PDA.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Annexin A2/genetics
- Annexin A2/metabolism
- Autocrine Communication/genetics
- Blotting, Western
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling/methods
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Mice, 129 Strain
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Microscopy, Fluorescence/classification
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Protein Binding
- RNA Interference
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Semaphorins/genetics
- Semaphorins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Survival Analysis
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Pancreatic Neoplasms
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Foley
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Agnieszka A Rucki
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Qian Xiao
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Donger Zhou
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Ashley Leubner
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Guanglan Mo
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Skip Viragh Center for Pancreatic Cancer, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jennifer Kleponis
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Annie A Wu
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Rajni Sharma
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Qingguang Jiang
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Robert A Anders
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Christine A Iacobuzio-Donahue
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Katherine A Hajjar
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Jaffee
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Skip Viragh Center for Pancreatic Cancer, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Lei Zheng
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Skip Viragh Center for Pancreatic Cancer, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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26
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Gaspar P, Nicol X, Narboux-Nême N, Rebsam A. [Contribution of synaptic release mechanisms to the building of sensory maps]. Biol Aujourdhui 2015; 209:87-95. [PMID: 26115714 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2015007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Numerous neurotransmitters have been implicated in neurodevelopmental processes. In addition, developing neurons show an abundance of vesicles in the growth cones, and express proteins of the SNARE complex early on. This has led to propose a role for vesicular fusion machinery in axonal growth and synapse formation. However, as the molecular machinery of vesicular fusion started to unveil, and knockouts for the major proteins of this complex were generated, it came as a surprise that none of these proteins was essential for the construction of brain architecture, although they were crucial for vital functions of the organism, leading to early mortality of exocytosis mutants. Because of this early death, conditional ablation of these genes in well-defined neuronal populations was necessary to study their role at later stages of neural circuit development, when activity-dependent mechanisms are best defined. Early studies showed that mutants of Munc18-1, a gene essential for both constitutive and calcium triggered release, were required for target dependent cell survival but not for axon growth or early refinement of topographic targeting, at least in the retinotectal system. Conditional knockout of the Rim1 and Rim2 genes allowed to interrogate more specifically the role of calcium-triggered release. Rims (rab interacting molecules) play a key role in the assembly of calcium channels and their coupling to the SNARE complex alters calcium-triggered release with little effect on constitutive release. When Rim1/Rim2 genes were ablated in the thalamus, layer IV neurons failed to organize into barrel structures, and to form the characteristic asymmetric distribution of their dendrites. More surprisingly, thalamocortical axons still organized in precise topographic maps and formed well differentiated synapses despite considerable reduction of calcium-induced synaptic release. However, this reduction in release probability altered axon targeting in the visual system where axons from both eyes compete for the same target. Thus, genetic tools targeting the exocytosis machinery are allowing to dissect more precisely the contribution of synaptic and non-synaptic mechanisms to activity-dependent circuit wiring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gaspar
- Inserm-UMR-S839, Institut du Fer à Moulin, 17 rue du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France - Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Sorbonne, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Nicol
- Inserm-UMR-S839, Institut du Fer à Moulin, 17 rue du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France - Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Sorbonne, Paris, France - UMR S 968, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Narboux-Nême
- Inserm-UMR-S839, Institut du Fer à Moulin, 17 rue du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France - Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Sorbonne, Paris, France - Évolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, CNRS UMR 7221, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Rebsam
- Inserm-UMR-S839, Institut du Fer à Moulin, 17 rue du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France - Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Sorbonne, Paris, France
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27
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Abstract
Axonal guidance and synaptic specification depends on specific signaling mechanisms that occur in growth cones. While several signaling pathways implicated in cone navigation have been identified, membrane dynamics in growth cones remains largely unknown. We took advantage of SynaptopHluorin and high-speed optical recordings to monitor the patterns of membrane dynamics in rat hippocampal growth cones. We show that exocytosis occurs both at the peripheral and central domains, including filopodia, and that SynaptopHluorin signals occur as spontaneous patterned peaks. Such transients average approximately two per minute and last ∼30 s. We also demonstrate that the chemoattractant Netrin-1 elicits increases in the frequency and slopes of these transients, with peaks averaging up to six per minute in the peripheral domain. Netrin-1-dependent regulation of exocytotic events requires the activation of the Erk1/2 and SFK pathways. Furthermore, we show that domains with high SynaptopHluorin signals correlate with high local calcium concentrations and that local, spontaneous calcium increases are associated with higher SynaptopHluorin signals. These findings demonstrate highly stereotyped, spontaneous transients of local exocytosis in growth cones and that these transients are positively regulated by chemoattractant molecules such as Netrin-1.
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28
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Li D, Hérault K, Zylbersztejn K, Lauterbach MA, Guillon M, Oheim M, Ropert N. Astrocyte VAMP3 vesicles undergo Ca2+ -independent cycling and modulate glutamate transporter trafficking. J Physiol 2015; 593:2807-32. [PMID: 25864578 DOI: 10.1113/jp270362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Mouse cortical astrocytes express VAMP3 but not VAMP2. VAMP3 vesicles undergo Ca(2+) -independent exo- and endocytotic cycling at the plasma membrane. VAMP3 vesicle traffic regulates the recycling of plasma membrane glutamate transporters. cAMP modulates VAMP3 vesicle cycling and glutamate uptake. ABSTRACT Previous studies suggest that small synaptic-like vesicles in astrocytes carry vesicle-associated vSNARE proteins, VAMP3 (cellubrevin) and VAMP2 (synaptobrevin 2), both contributing to the Ca(2+) -regulated exocytosis of gliotransmitters, thereby modulating brain information processing. Here, using cortical astrocytes taken from VAMP2 and VAMP3 knock-out mice, we find that astrocytes express only VAMP3. The morphology and function of VAMP3 vesicles were studied in cultured astrocytes at single vesicle level with stimulated emission depletion (STED) and total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopies. We show that VAMP3 antibodies label small diameter (∼80 nm) vesicles and that VAMP3 vesicles undergo Ca(2+) -independent exo-endocytosis. We also show that this pathway modulates the surface expression of plasma membrane glutamate transporters and the glutamate uptake by astrocytes. Finally, using pharmacological and optogenetic tools, we provide evidence suggesting that the cytosolic cAMP level influences astrocytic VAMP3 vesicle trafficking and glutamate transport. Our results suggest a new role for VAMP3 vesicles in astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Li
- CNRS UMR 8118, Paris, F-75006 France; Brain Physiology Laboratory, Saints-Pères Research in Neurosciences Federation, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères, Paris, F-75006, France.,INSERM U603, Paris, F-75006 France; CNRS UMR 8154, Paris, F-75006 France, Neurophysiology and New Microscopies Laboratory, 45 rue des Saints Pères, Paris, F-75006, France
| | - Karine Hérault
- CNRS UMR 8118, Paris, F-75006 France; Brain Physiology Laboratory, Saints-Pères Research in Neurosciences Federation, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères, Paris, F-75006, France
| | - Kathleen Zylbersztejn
- INSERM ERL U950, Paris, F-75013, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, F-75013, France.,CNRS, UMR 7592, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, F-75013, France
| | - Marcel A Lauterbach
- Neurophotonics Laboratory, CNRS UMR 8250, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères, Paris, F-75006, France
| | - Marc Guillon
- Neurophotonics Laboratory, CNRS UMR 8250, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères, Paris, F-75006, France
| | - Martin Oheim
- CNRS UMR 8118, Paris, F-75006 France; Brain Physiology Laboratory, Saints-Pères Research in Neurosciences Federation, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères, Paris, F-75006, France.,INSERM U603, Paris, F-75006 France; CNRS UMR 8154, Paris, F-75006 France, Neurophysiology and New Microscopies Laboratory, 45 rue des Saints Pères, Paris, F-75006, France
| | - Nicole Ropert
- CNRS UMR 8118, Paris, F-75006 France; Brain Physiology Laboratory, Saints-Pères Research in Neurosciences Federation, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints Pères, Paris, F-75006, France.,INSERM U603, Paris, F-75006 France; CNRS UMR 8154, Paris, F-75006 France, Neurophysiology and New Microscopies Laboratory, 45 rue des Saints Pères, Paris, F-75006, France
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29
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Tojima T, Kamiguchi H. Exocytic and endocytic membrane trafficking in axon development. Dev Growth Differ 2015; 57:291-304. [DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Tojima
- Laboratory for Neuronal Growth Mechanisms; RIKEN Brain Science Institute; 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kamiguchi
- Laboratory for Neuronal Growth Mechanisms; RIKEN Brain Science Institute; 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
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30
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Han F, Huo Y, Huang CJ, Chen CL, Ye J. MicroRNA-30b promotes axon outgrowth of retinal ganglion cells by inhibiting Semaphorin3A expression. Brain Res 2015; 1611:65-73. [PMID: 25791621 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Semaphorin3A (Sema3A) is a major inhibitory factor of optic nerve (ON) regeneration post-injury. Many microRNAs (miRNAs) are expressed specifically in the mammalian brain and retina and are dynamically regulated during development, suggesting that this group of miRNAs may be associated with neural development. We found that microRNA-30b (miR-30b) bound to the three prime untranslated region (3' UTR) of Sema3A and inhibited the expression of Sema3A mRNA. The mRNA expression level of miR-30b and the protein expression levels of Sema3A, Neuropilin1 (NRP1), PlexinA1 (PlexA1), phosphorylated p38MAPK (p-p38MAPK), and active caspase-3 were all upregulated in retinas from rats with a damaged ON relative to those with an intact ON. Transfection of cultured retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) with an miR-30b mimic led to decreased levels of Sema3A, NRP1, PlexA1, p-p38MAPK, and active caspase-3 protein expression, as well as axon elongation and reduced levels of apoptosis. These findings provide evidence that miR-30b inhibits Sema3A expression. Decreased Sema3A expression promotes axon outgrowth in RGCs due to reduced levels of Sema3A binding to NRP1 and PlexA1 and simultaneously reduces apoptosis by inhibiting the p38MAPK and caspase-3 pathways. Our findings provide the first evidence that miR-30b-mediated Sema3A downregulation may serve as a new strategy for the clinical treatment of ON injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Y Huo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - C-J Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - C-L Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - J Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Increase in Neuropilin-1 on the Surface of Growth Cones and Putative Raft Domains in Neuronal NG108-15 Cells Co-Cultured with Vascular Smooth Muscle SM-3 Cells. J Membr Biol 2014; 248:171-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-014-9754-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Winkle CC, McClain LM, Valtschanoff JG, Park CS, Maglione C, Gupton SL. A novel Netrin-1-sensitive mechanism promotes local SNARE-mediated exocytosis during axon branching. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 205:217-32. [PMID: 24778312 PMCID: PMC4003241 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201311003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Localized plasma membrane expansion during axon branching mediated by Netrin-1 occurs via TRIM9-dependent regulation of SNARE-mediated vesicle fusion. Developmental axon branching dramatically increases synaptic capacity and neuronal surface area. Netrin-1 promotes branching and synaptogenesis, but the mechanism by which Netrin-1 stimulates plasma membrane expansion is unknown. We demonstrate that SNARE-mediated exocytosis is a prerequisite for axon branching and identify the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM9 as a critical catalytic link between Netrin-1 and exocytic SNARE machinery in murine cortical neurons. TRIM9 ligase activity promotes SNARE-mediated vesicle fusion and axon branching in a Netrin-dependent manner. We identified a direct interaction between TRIM9 and the Netrin-1 receptor DCC as well as a Netrin-1–sensitive interaction between TRIM9 and the SNARE component SNAP25. The interaction with SNAP25 negatively regulates SNARE-mediated exocytosis and axon branching in the absence of Netrin-1. Deletion of TRIM9 elevated exocytosis in vitro and increased axon branching in vitro and in vivo. Our data provide a novel model for the spatial regulation of axon branching by Netrin-1, in which localized plasma membrane expansion occurs via TRIM9-dependent regulation of SNARE-mediated vesicle fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cortney C Winkle
- Neuroscience Center and Curriculum in Neurobiology, 2 Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, and 3 Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
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Petkovic M, Jemaiel A, Daste F, Specht CG, Izeddin I, Vorkel D, Verbavatz JM, Darzacq X, Triller A, Pfenninger KH, Tareste D, Jackson CL, Galli T. The SNARE Sec22b has a non-fusogenic function in plasma membrane expansion. Nat Cell Biol 2014; 16:434-44. [PMID: 24705552 DOI: 10.1038/ncb2937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Development of the nervous system requires extensive axonal and dendritic growth during which neurons massively increase their surface area. Here we report that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident SNARE Sec22b has a conserved non-fusogenic function in plasma membrane expansion. Sec22b is closely apposed to the plasma membrane SNARE syntaxin1. Sec22b forms a trans-SNARE complex with syntaxin1 that does not include SNAP23/25/29, and does not mediate fusion. Insertion of a long rigid linker between the SNARE and transmembrane domains of Sec22b extends the distance between the ER and plasma membrane, and impairs neurite growth but not the secretion of VSV-G. In yeast, Sec22 interacts with lipid transfer proteins, and inhibition of Sec22 leads to defects in lipid metabolism at contact sites between the ER and plasma membrane. These results suggest that close apposition of the ER and plasma membrane mediated by Sec22 and plasma membrane syntaxins generates a non-fusogenic SNARE bridge contributing to plasma membrane expansion, probably through non-vesicular lipid transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Petkovic
- 1] INSERM, U950, F-75013 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, ERL U950, F-75013 Paris, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7592, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France [4] Ecole des Neurosciences de Paris (ENP), F-75006 Paris, France [5]
| | - Aymen Jemaiel
- 1] CNRS, UMR 7592, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France [2] Membrane Dynamics and Intracellular Trafficking, Institute Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France [3]
| | - Frédéric Daste
- 1] INSERM, U950, F-75013 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, ERL U950, F-75013 Paris, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7592, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France [4] Ecole Doctorale Frontières du Vivant (FdV) - Programme Bettencourt, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75004 Paris, France [5]
| | - Christian G Specht
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Biologie Cellulaire de la Synapse, INSERM U1024, CNRS UMR8197, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Ignacio Izeddin
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Functional Imaging of Transcription, INSERM U1024, CNRS UMR8197, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Daniela Vorkel
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jean-Marc Verbavatz
- 1] CNRS, UMR 7592, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France [2] Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Xavier Darzacq
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Functional Imaging of Transcription, INSERM U1024, CNRS UMR8197, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Antoine Triller
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Biologie Cellulaire de la Synapse, INSERM U1024, CNRS UMR8197, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Karl H Pfenninger
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome and Department of Pediatrics, University Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA
| | - David Tareste
- 1] INSERM, U950, F-75013 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, ERL U950, F-75013 Paris, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7592, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Catherine L Jackson
- 1] CNRS, UMR 7592, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France [2] Membrane Dynamics and Intracellular Trafficking, Institute Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Galli
- 1] INSERM, U950, F-75013 Paris, France [2] Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, ERL U950, F-75013 Paris, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7592, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France
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Pont-Lezica L, Beumer W, Colasse S, Drexhage H, Versnel M, Bessis A. Microglia shape corpus callosum axon tract fasciculation: functional impact of prenatal inflammation. Eur J Neurosci 2014; 39:1551-7. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Pont-Lezica
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure; F-75005 Paris France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Paris France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Unité Mixte de Recherche; Paris France
| | - Wouter Beumer
- Department of Immunology; Erasmus MC; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Sabrina Colasse
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure; F-75005 Paris France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Paris France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Unité Mixte de Recherche; Paris France
| | - Hemmo Drexhage
- Department of Immunology; Erasmus MC; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Marjan Versnel
- Department of Immunology; Erasmus MC; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Alain Bessis
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure; F-75005 Paris France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Paris France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Unité Mixte de Recherche; Paris France
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Galli T, Kuster A, Tareste D. Une récompense pour la découverte des acteurs et des mécanismes moléculaires fondamentaux du trafic vésiculaire intracellulaire. Med Sci (Paris) 2013; 29:1055-8. [DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20112713024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Hota PK, Buck M. Plexin structures are coming: opportunities for multilevel investigations of semaphorin guidance receptors, their cell signaling mechanisms, and functions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2012; 69:3765-805. [PMID: 22744749 PMCID: PMC11115013 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1019-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Plexin transmembrane receptors and their semaphorin ligands, as well as their co-receptors (Neuropilin, Integrin, VEGFR2, ErbB2, and Met kinase) are emerging as key regulatory proteins in a wide variety of developmental, regenerative, but also pathological processes. The diverse arenas of plexin function are surveyed, including roles in the nervous, cardiovascular, bone and skeletal, and immune systems. Such different settings require considerable specificity among the plexin and semaphorin family members which in turn are accompanied by a variety of cell signaling networks. Underlying the latter are the mechanistic details of the interactions and catalytic events at the molecular level. Very recently, dramatic progress has been made in solving the structures of plexins and of their complexes with associated proteins. This molecular level information is now suggesting detailed mechanisms for the function of both the extracellular as well as the intracellular plexin regions. Specifically, several groups have solved structures for extracellular domains for plexin-A2, -B1, and -C1, many in complex with semaphorin ligands. On the intracellular side, the role of small Rho GTPases has been of particular interest. These directly associate with plexin and stimulate a GTPase activating (GAP) function in the plexin catalytic domain to downregulate Ras GTPases. Structures for the Rho GTPase binding domains have been presented for several plexins, some with Rnd1 bound. The entire intracellular domain structure of plexin-A1, -A3, and -B1 have also been solved alone and in complex with Rac1. However, key aspects of the interplay between GTPases and plexins remain far from clear. The structural information is helping the plexin field to focus on key questions at the protein structural, cellular, as well as organism level that collaboratoria of investigations are likely to answer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanta K. Hota
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | - Matthias Buck
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
- Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
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Tojima T. Intracellular signaling and membrane trafficking control bidirectional growth cone guidance. Neurosci Res 2012; 73:269-74. [PMID: 22684022 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2012.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The formation of precise neuronal networks is critically dependent on the motility of axonal growth cones. Extracellular gradients of guidance cues evoke localized Ca(2+) elevations to attract or repel the growth cone. Recent studies strongly suggest that the polarity of growth cone guidance, with respect to the localization of Ca(2+) signals, is determined by Ca(2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in the following manner: Ca(2+) signals containing ER Ca(2+) release cause growth cone attraction, while Ca(2+) signals without ER Ca(2+) release cause growth cone repulsion. Recent studies have also shown that exocytic and endocytic membrane trafficking can drive growth cone attraction and repulsion, respectively, downstream of Ca(2+) signals. Most likely, these two mechanisms underlie cue-induced axon guidance, in which a localized imbalance between exocytosis and endocytosis dictates bidirectional growth cone steering. In this Update Article, I summarize recent advances in growth cone research and propose that polarized membrane trafficking plays an instructive role to spatially localize steering machineries, such as cytoskeletal components and adhesion molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Tojima
- Laboratory for Neuronal Growth Mechanisms, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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