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Patinho I, Antonelo DS, Delgado EF, Alessandroni L, Balieiro JCC, Contreras Castillo CJ, Gagaoua M. In-depth exploration of the high and normal pH beef proteome: First insights emphasizing the dynamic protein changes in Longissimus thoracis muscle from pasture-finished Nellore bulls over different postmortem times. Meat Sci 2024; 216:109557. [PMID: 38852285 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2024.109557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate for the first time the temporal dynamic changes in early postmortem proteome of normal and high ultimate pH (pHu) beef samples from the same cattle using a shotgun proteomics approach. Ten selected carcasses classified as normal (pHu < 5.8; n = 5) or high (pHu ≥ 6.2; n = 5) pHu beef from pasture-finished Nellore (Bos taurus indicus) bulls were sampled from Longissimus thoracis muscle at 30 min, 9 h and 44 h postmortem for proteome comparison. The temporal proteomics profiling quantified 863 proteins, from which 251 were differentially abundant (DAPs) between high and normal pHu at 30 min (n = 33), 9 h (n = 181) and 44 h (n = 37). Among the myriad interconnected pathways regulating pH decline during postmortem metabolism, this study revealed the pivotal role of energy metabolism, cellular response to stress, oxidoreductase activity and muscle system process pathways throughout the early postmortem. Twenty-three proteins overlap among postmortem times and may be suggested as candidate biomarkers to the dark-cutting condition development. The study further evidenced for the first time the central role of ribosomal proteins and histones in the first minutes after animal bleeding. Moreover, this study revealed the disparity in the mechanisms underpinning the development of dark-cutting beef condition among postmortem times, emphasizing multiple dynamic changes in the muscle proteome. Therefore, this study revealed important insights regarding the temporal dynamic changes that occur in early postmortem of high and normal muscle pHu beef, proposing specific pathways to determine the biological mechanisms behind dark-cutting determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iliani Patinho
- Department of Agri-food Industry, Food and Nutrition, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Antonelo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo F Delgado
- Department of Animal Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Laura Alessandroni
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (CHIP), School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, Camerino 62032, Italy
| | - Júlio C C Balieiro
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Carmen J Contreras Castillo
- Department of Agri-food Industry, Food and Nutrition, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
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Myćka G, Ropka-Molik K, Cywińska A, Szmatoła T, Stefaniuk-Szmukier M. Molecular insights into the lipid-carbohydrates metabolism switch under the endurance effort in Arabian horses. Equine Vet J 2024; 56:586-597. [PMID: 37565649 DOI: 10.1111/evj.13984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that in Arabian horse muscle, long-term exercise-induced expression of genes related to fatty acid degradation and the downregulation of genes belonging to the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and insulin signalling pathways. Long-lasting physical exertion may trigger the metabolism to switch the main energy source from carbohydrates to lipids due to higher caloric content. OBJECTIVES To describe the metabolism adaptation at the whole transcriptome of blood to endurance effort in Arabian horses. STUDY DESIGN In vivo experiment. METHODS Venous blood samples from 10 Arabian horses were taken before and after a 120 km long endurance ride to isolate the RNA and perform the high-throughput NGS transcriptome sequencing. RESULTS The results, including KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes) and GO (Gene Ontology) analyses, allowed us to describe the most significantly upregulated-ARV1, DGAT2, LIPE, APOA2, MOGAT1, MOGAT2, GYS1, GYS2 and downregulated-ACACA, ACACB, FADS1, FADS2 genes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Also, the increased expression of RAF1, KRAS and NRAS genes involved in the Insulin pathway and PI3K-Akt was shown. MAIN LIMITATIONS Limited sample size, Arabians used for endurance racing were not compared to Arabians from other equestrian disciplines. CONCLUSIONS This general insight into the processes described supports the thesis of the lipid-carbohydrates metabolism switch in endurance Arabian horses and provides the basis for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Myćka
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ropka-Molik
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland
| | - Anna Cywińska
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Tomasz Szmatoła
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland
- Center for Experimental and Innovative Medicine, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Stefaniuk-Szmukier
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland
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3
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Bittel AJ, Chen YW. DNA Methylation in the Adaptive Response to Exercise. Sports Med 2024:10.1007/s40279-024-02011-6. [PMID: 38561436 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-024-02011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Emerging evidence published over the past decade has highlighted the role of DNA methylation in skeletal muscle function and health, including as an epigenetic transducer of the adaptive response to exercise. In this review, we aim to synthesize the latest findings in this field to highlight: (1) the shifting understanding of the genomic localization of altered DNA methylation in response to acute and chronic aerobic and resistance exercise in skeletal muscle (e.g., promoter, gene bodies, enhancers, intergenic regions, un-annotated regions, and genome-wide methylation); (2) how these global/regional methylation changes relate to transcriptional activity following exercise; and (3) the factors (e.g., individual demographic or genetic features, dietary, training history, exercise parameters, local epigenetic characteristics, circulating hormones) demonstrated to alter both the pattern of DNA methylation after exercise, and the relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression. Finally, we discuss the changes in non-CpG methylation and 5-hydroxymethylation after exercise, as well as the importance of emerging single-cell analyses to future studies-areas of increasing focus in the field of epigenetics. We anticipate that this review will help generate a framework for clinicians and researchers to begin developing and testing exercise interventions designed to generate targeted changes in DNA methylation as part of a personalized exercise regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Bittel
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA.
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
- Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Science, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
- Department of Integrative Systems Biology, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University, 2121 I St NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
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4
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Benucci S, Ruiz A, Franchini M, Ruggiero L, Zoppi D, Sitsapesan R, Lindsay C, Pelczar P, Pietrangelo L, Protasi F, Treves S, Zorzato F. A novel, patient-derived RyR1 mutation impairs muscle function and calcium homeostasis in mice. J Gen Physiol 2024; 156:e202313486. [PMID: 38445312 PMCID: PMC10911087 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202313486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
RYR1 is the most commonly mutated gene associated with congenital myopathies, a group of early-onset neuromuscular conditions of variable severity. The functional effects of a number of dominant RYR1 mutations have been established; however, for recessive mutations, these effects may depend on multiple factors, such as the formation of a hypomorphic allele, or on whether they are homozygous or compound heterozygous. Here, we functionally characterize a new transgenic mouse model knocked-in for mutations identified in a severely affected child born preterm and presenting limited limb movement. The child carried the homozygous c.14928C>G RYR1 mutation, resulting in the p.F4976L substitution. In vivo and ex vivo assays revealed that homozygous mice fatigued sooner and their muscles generated significantly less force compared with their WT or heterozygous littermates. Electron microscopy, biochemical, and physiological analyses showed that muscles from RyR1 p.F4976L homozygous mice have the following properties: (1) contain fewer calcium release units and show areas of myofibrillar degeneration, (2) contain less RyR1 protein, (3) fibers show smaller electrically evoked calcium transients, and (4) their SR has smaller calcium stores. In addition, single-channel recordings indicate that RyR1 p.F4976L exhibits higher Po in the presence of 100 μM [Ca2+]. Our mouse model partly recapitulates the clinical picture of the homozygous human patient and provides significant insight into the functional impact of this mutation. These results will help understand the pathology of patients with similar RYR1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Benucci
- Departments of Biomedicine and Neurology, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexis Ruiz
- Departments of Biomedicine and Neurology, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martina Franchini
- Departments of Biomedicine and Neurology, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Ruggiero
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Dario Zoppi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Chris Lindsay
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pawel Pelczar
- Center for Transgenic Models, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laura Pietrangelo
- DMSI, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences and CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Feliciano Protasi
- DMSI, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences and CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Susan Treves
- Departments of Biomedicine and Neurology, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Zorzato
- Departments of Biomedicine and Neurology, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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5
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Zhong R, Rua MT, Wei-LaPierre L. Targeting mitochondrial Ca 2+ uptake for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Physiol 2024; 602:1519-1549. [PMID: 38010626 PMCID: PMC11032238 DOI: 10.1113/jp284143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare adult-onset neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor neuron (MN) loss, muscle denervation and paralysis. Over the past several decades, researchers have made tremendous efforts to understand the pathogenic mechanisms underpinning ALS, with much yet to be resolved. ALS is described as a non-cell autonomous condition with pathology detected in both MNs and non-neuronal cells, such as glial cells and skeletal muscle. Studies in ALS patient and animal models reveal ubiquitous abnormalities in mitochondrial structure and function, and disturbance of intracellular calcium homeostasis in various tissue types, suggesting a pivotal role of aberrant mitochondrial calcium uptake and dysfunctional calcium signalling cascades in ALS pathogenesis. Calcium signalling and mitochondrial dysfunction are intricately related to the manifestation of cell death contributing to MN loss and skeletal muscle dysfunction. In this review, we discuss the potential contribution of intracellular calcium signalling, particularly mitochondrial calcium uptake, in ALS pathogenesis. Functional consequences of excessive mitochondrial calcium uptake and possible therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial calcium uptake or the mitochondrial calcium uniporter, the main channel mediating mitochondrial calcium influx, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjia Zhong
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China, 110001
| | - Michael T. Rua
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611
| | - Lan Wei-LaPierre
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611
- Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
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Muralidhar SS, Marin N, Melick C, Alwan A, Wang Z, Baldwin R, Walcott S, Srinivasan M. Metabolic cost for isometric force scales nonlinearly and predicts how humans distribute forces across limbs. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.24.573267. [PMID: 38234745 PMCID: PMC10793398 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.24.573267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Muscles consume metabolic energy for force production and movement. A mathematical model of metabolic energy cost will be useful in predicting instantaneous costs during human exercise and in computing effort-minimizing movements via simulations. Previous in vivo data-derived models usually assumed either zero or linearly increasing cost with force, but a nonlinear relation could have significant metabolic or behavioural implications. Here, we show that metabolic cost scales nonlinearly with joint torque with an exponent of about 1.64, using calorimetric measurements of isometric squats. We then demonstrate that this metabolic nonlinearity is reflected in human behaviour: minimizing this nonlinear cost predicts how humans share forces between limbs in additional experiments involving arms and legs. This shows the utility of the nonlinear energy cost in predictive models and its generalizability across limbs. Finally, we show mathematical evidence that the same nonlinear metabolic objective may underlie force sharing at the muscle level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadja Marin
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43201
| | - Colin Melick
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43201
| | - Aya Alwan
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43201
| | - Zhengcan Wang
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43201
| | - Ross Baldwin
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43201
| | - Sam Walcott
- Mathematical Sciences, and Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester MA01609
| | - Manoj Srinivasan
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43201
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7
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Eisner D, Neher E, Taschenberger H, Smith G. Physiology of intracellular calcium buffering. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:2767-2845. [PMID: 37326298 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00042.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium signaling underlies much of physiology. Almost all the Ca2+ in the cytoplasm is bound to buffers, with typically only ∼1% being freely ionized at resting levels in most cells. Physiological Ca2+ buffers include small molecules and proteins, and experimentally Ca2+ indicators will also buffer calcium. The chemistry of interactions between Ca2+ and buffers determines the extent and speed of Ca2+ binding. The physiological effects of Ca2+ buffers are determined by the kinetics with which they bind Ca2+ and their mobility within the cell. The degree of buffering depends on factors such as the affinity for Ca2+, the Ca2+ concentration, and whether Ca2+ ions bind cooperatively. Buffering affects both the amplitude and time course of cytoplasmic Ca2+ signals as well as changes of Ca2+ concentration in organelles. It can also facilitate Ca2+ diffusion inside the cell. Ca2+ buffering affects synaptic transmission, muscle contraction, Ca2+ transport across epithelia, and the killing of bacteria. Saturation of buffers leads to synaptic facilitation and tetanic contraction in skeletal muscle and may play a role in inotropy in the heart. This review focuses on the link between buffer chemistry and function and how Ca2+ buffering affects normal physiology and the consequences of changes in disease. As well as summarizing what is known, we point out the many areas where further work is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Eisner
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Erwin Neher
- Membrane Biophysics Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Holger Taschenberger
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Godfrey Smith
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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8
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Kim H, Heckman CJ. A dynamic calcium-force relationship model for sag behavior in fast skeletal muscle. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011178. [PMID: 37289805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro studies using isolated or skinned muscle fibers suggest that the sigmoidal relationship between the intracellular calcium concentration and force production may depend upon muscle type and activity. The goal of this study was to investigate whether and how the calcium-force relationship changes during force production under physiological conditions of muscle excitation and length in fast skeletal muscles. A computational framework was developed to identify the dynamic variation in the calcium-force relationship during force generation over a full physiological range of stimulation frequencies and muscle lengths in cat gastrocnemius muscles. In contrast to the situation in slow muscles such as the soleus, the calcium concentration for the half-maximal force needed to drift rightward to reproduce the progressive force decline, or sag behavior, observed during unfused isometric contractions at the intermediate length under low-frequency stimulation (i.e., 20 Hz). The slope at the calcium concentration for the half-maximal force was required to drift upward for force enhancement during unfused isometric contractions at the intermediate length under high-frequency stimulation (i.e., 40 Hz). The slope variation in the calcium-force relationship played a crucial role in shaping sag behavior across different muscle lengths. The muscle model with dynamic variations in the calcium-force relationship also accounted for the length-force and velocity-force properties measured under full excitation. These results imply that the calcium sensitivity and cooperativity of force-inducing crossbridge formation between actin and myosin filaments may be operationally altered in accordance with the mode of neural excitation and muscle movement in intact fast muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojeong Kim
- Division of Biotechnology, Institute of Convergence Research, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Charles J Heckman
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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9
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Leijding C, Viken I, Bruton JD, Andersson DC, Cheng AJ, Westerblad H. Increased tetanic calcium in early fatigue of mammalian muscle fibers is accompanied by accelerated force development despite a decreased force. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22978. [PMID: 37191967 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300401r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
During the initial phase of fatigue induced by repeated contractions in fast-twitch muscle fibers, tetanic force decreases despite increasing tetanic free cytosolic [Ca2+ ] ([Ca2+ ]cyt ). Here, we hypothesized that the increase in tetanic [Ca2+ ]cyt nevertheless has positive effects on force in early fatigue. Experiments on enzymatically isolated mouse flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) fibers showed that an increase in tetanic [Ca2+ ]cyt during ten 350 ms contractions required trains of electrical pulses to be elicited at short intervals (≤2 s) and at high frequencies (≥70 Hz). Mechanically dissected mouse FDB fibers showed greater decrease in tetanic force when the stimulation frequency during contractions was gradually reduced to prevent the increase in tetanic [Ca2+ ]cyt . Novel analyses of data from previous studies revealed an increased rate of force development in the tenth fatiguing contraction in mouse FDB fibers, as well as in rat FDB and human intercostal fibers. Mouse FDB fibers deficient in creatine kinase showed no increase in tetanic [Ca2+ ]cyt and slowed force development in the tenth contraction; after injection of creatine kinase to enable phosphocreatine breakdown, these fibers showed an increase in tetanic [Ca2+ ]cyt and accelerated force development. Mouse FDB fibers exposed to ten short contractions (43 ms) produced at short intervals (142 ms) showed increased tetanic [Ca2+ ]cyt accompanied by a marked (~16%) increase in the developed force. In conclusion, the increase in tetanic [Ca2+ ]cyt in early fatigue is accompanied by accelerated force development, which under some circumstances can counteract the decline in physical performance caused by the concomitant decrease in maximum force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Leijding
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ida Viken
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joseph D Bruton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel C Andersson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Heart, Vascular and Neurology Theme, Cardiology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arthur J Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Westerblad
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Araújo APDC, Luz TMD, Ahmed MAI, Ali MM, Rahman MM, Nataraj B, de Melo E Silva D, Barceló D, Malafaia G. Toxicity assessment of polyethylene microplastics in combination with a mix of emerging pollutants on Physalaemus cuvieri tadpoles. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 127:465-482. [PMID: 36522078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Studies in recent years have shown that aquatic pollution by microplastics (MPs) can be considered to pose additional stress to amphibian populations. However, our knowledge of how MPs affect amphibians is very rudimentary, and even more limited is our understanding of their effects in combination with other emerging pollutants. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the possible toxicity of polyethylene MPs (PE-MPs) (alone or in combination with a mix of pollutants) on the health of Physalaemus cuvieri tadpoles. After 30 days of exposure, multiple biomarkers were measured, including morphological, biometric, and developmental indices, behavioral parameters, mutagenicity, cytotoxicity, antioxidant and cholinesterase responses, as well as the uptake and accumulation of PE-MPs in animals. Based on the results, there was no significant change in any of the parameters measured in tadpoles exposed to treatments, but induced stress was observed in tadpoles exposed to PE-MPs combined with the mixture of pollutants, reflecting significant changes in physiological and biochemical responses. Through principal component analysis (PCA) and integrated biomarker response (IBR) assessment, effects induced by pollutants in each test group were distinguished, confirming that the exposure of P. cuvieri tadpoles to the PE-MPs in combination with a mix of emerging pollutants induces an enhanced stress response, although the uptake and accumulation of PE-MPs in these animals was reduced. Thus, our study provides new insight into the danger to amphibians of MPs coexisting with other pollutants in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thiarlen Marinho da Luz
- Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO 75790-000, Brazil
| | | | - Mir Mohammad Ali
- Department of Aquaculture; Faculty of Fisheries, Aquaculture & Marine Science; Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mostafizur Rahman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Bojan Nataraj
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India
| | - Daniela de Melo E Silva
- Post-Graduation Program in Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-970, Brazil; Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-970, Brazil
| | - Damià Barceló
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), H2O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, Girona 17003, Spain; Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), JordiGirona 1826, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO 75790-000, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO 75790-000, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Ecology, Conservation, and Biodiversity, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brazil; Post-Graduation Programa in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74605-050, Brazil.
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11
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Dalton BE, Mazara N, Debenham MIB, Zwambag DP, Noonan AM, Weersink E, Brown SHM, Power GA. The relationship between single muscle fibre and voluntary rate of force development in young and old males. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:821-832. [PMID: 36484861 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05111-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE It is suggested that the early phase (< 50 ms) of force development during a muscle contraction is associated with intrinsic contractile properties, while the late phase (> 50 ms) is associated with maximal force. There are no direct investigations of single muscle fibre rate of force development (RFD) as related to joint-level RFD METHODS: Sixteen healthy, young (n = 8; 26.4 ± 1.5 yrs) and old (n = 8; 70.1 ± 2.8 yrs) males performed maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVC) and electrically evoked twitches of the knee extensors to assess RFD. Then, percutaneous muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis and chemically permeabilized, to assess single fibre function. RESULTS At the joint level, older males were ~ 30% weaker and had ~ 43% and ~ 40% lower voluntary RFD values at 0-100 and 0-200 ms, respectively, than the younger ones (p ≤ 0.05). MVC torque was related to every voluntary RFD epoch in the young (p ≤ 0.001), but only the 0-200 ms epoch in the old (p ≤ 0.005). Twitch RFD was ~ 32% lower in the old compared to young (p < 0.05). There was a strong positive relationship between twitch RFD and voluntary RFD during the earliest time epochs in the young (≤ 100 ms; p ≤ 0.01). While single fibre RFD was unrelated to joint-level RFD in the young, older adults trended (p = 0.052-0.055) towards significant relationships between joint-level RTD and Type I single fibre RFD at the 0-30 ms (r2 = 0.48) and 0-50 ms (r2 = 0.49) time epochs. CONCLUSION Electrically evoked twitches are good predictors of early voluntary RFD in young, but not older adults. Only the older adults showed a potential relationship between single fibre (Type I) and joint-level rate of force development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E Dalton
- Neuromechanical Performance Research Laboratory, Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Nicole Mazara
- Neuromechanical Performance Research Laboratory, Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Education, School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mathew I B Debenham
- Neuromechanical Performance Research Laboratory, Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, Canada
- School of Health and Exercise Science, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Derek P Zwambag
- Neuromechanical Performance Research Laboratory, Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Alex M Noonan
- Neuromechanical Performance Research Laboratory, Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Erin Weersink
- Sports Medicine Clinic, Health and Performance Centre, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen H M Brown
- Neuromechanical Performance Research Laboratory, Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Geoffrey A Power
- Neuromechanical Performance Research Laboratory, Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, Canada.
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12
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Smith CM, Salmon OF, Jenkins JR. Neuromuscular and Muscle Tissue Hemodynamic Responses When Exposed to Normobaric Hypoxia during Lower-Body Fatiguing Muscle Actions. JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS 2023; 23:26-35. [PMID: 36856097 PMCID: PMC9976181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined effects of acute hypoxia on the neuromuscular responses (electromyographic (EMG) amplitude and EMG frequency) and localized muscle tissue oxygenated hemoglobin (oxygenated hemoglobin (OxyHb), deoxygenated hemoglobin (DeoxyHb), total hemoglobin (TotalHb), and muscle tissue oxygenation saturation (StO2) during the process of fatigue. METHODS Fifteen male participants (21.4±2.8yr) performed leg extension repetitions to failure at 70% 1-repetition maximum until volitional exhaustion under Normoxic (FiO2:21%) and Hypoxic (FiO2:12.9%) conditions. Electromyographic amplitude, EMG frequency, OxyHb, DeoxyHb, TotalHb, and StO2 were measured from the vastus lateralis at Initial, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% of the repetitions to failure. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the patterns of responses for EMG amplitude, OxyHb, or DeoxyHb between Normoxia and Hypoxia. For EMG frequency, Hypoxia was greater than Normoxia and decreased with fatigue. TotalHb and StO2 were greater under Normoxia compared to Hypoxia. The patterns of responses for EMG amplitude, DeoxyHb, and TotalHb increased throughout the repetitions to failure. OxyHb and StO2 exhibited decreases throughout the repetitions to failure for Normoxic and Hypoxic conditions. CONCLUSION The EMG and oxygenation measurements non-invasively suggest a sympathoexcitatory response (indicated by EMG frequency) and provided complimentary information regarding the process of fatigue in normoxic and hypoxic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory M Smith
- Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Department of HHPR, Baylor University, USA
| | - Owen F Salmon
- Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Department of HHPR, Baylor University, USA
| | - Jasmin R Jenkins
- Interdisciplinary Health Sciences PhD Program, Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
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13
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Treatment of cervical cancer by electrochemotherapy with bleomycin, cisplatin, and calcium: an in vitro experimental study. Med Oncol 2022; 40:52. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01921-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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14
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Myćka G, Musiał AD, Stefaniuk-Szmukier M, Długosz B, Piórkowska K, Bieniek A, Szmatoła T, Ropka-Molik K. PLNGene Analysis in Horses: Multiway Approach for the Investigation and Validation of Molecular Variation. Folia Biol (Praha) 2022. [DOI: 10.3409/fb_70-4.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a molecular characterisation of the PLN gene with whole genome sequencing (WGS) and complete transcriptome sequencing data was performed on 868 horses, supported by Sanger sequencing and the PCR-RFLP method. The PLN gene encodes phospholamban – an
integral membrane protein – and while phosphorylated inhibits the SR Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) transport of Ca2+ into reticulum in the cardiac and skeletal muscles. According to the current knowledge, we hypothesised that the presence of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
(SNPs) in the PLN gene sequence may be related to an individual's lifestyle and would remain under selection pressure. The obtained results indicated the occurrence of 14 polymorphisms of which 7 were upstream, and 7 downstream PLN gene variants according to the EquCan3.0 reference.
The mRNA sequencing confirmed the presence of 3' and 5' UTR regions belonging to the PLN transcript that was in accordance with EquCab2.0, and was missed in the current version. The comparison of two reference genomes and the validation of the NGS data allowed for the 3'UTR variant
(rs1146603334) to be detected, showing differences in the genotype and allele distributions across five horse breeds. A similar genotype frequency in warmblood breeds of horses (Arabians and Thoroughbreds), compared to native and heavy horses (Polish Konik, Draft and Hucul horses), indicated
that this locus was under selection pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Myćka
- Laboratory of Genomics, Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland
| | - Adrianna D. Musiał
- Laboratory of Genomics, Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland
| | - Monika Stefaniuk-Szmukier
- Laboratory of Genomics, Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland
| | - Bogusława Długosz
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Anatomy and Genomics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Piórkowska
- Laboratory of Genomics, Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bieniek
- Laboratory of Genomics, Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland
| | - Tomasz Szmatoła
- Laboratory of Genomics, Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ropka-Molik
- Laboratory of Genomics, Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland
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15
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Jahn M, Seebacher F. Variations in cost of transport and their ecological consequences: a review. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:276242. [PMID: 35942859 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Movement is essential in the ecology of most animals, and it typically consumes a large proportion of individual energy budgets. Environmental conditions modulate the energetic cost of movement (cost of transport, COT), and there are pronounced differences in COT between individuals within species and across species. Differences in morphology affect COT, but the physiological mechanisms underlying variation in COT remain unresolved. Candidates include mitochondrial efficiency and the efficiency of muscle contraction-relaxation dynamics. Animals can offset increased COT behaviourally by adjusting movement rate and habitat selection. Here, we review the theory underlying COT and the impact of environmental changes on COT. Increasing temperatures, in particular, increase COT and its variability between individuals. Thermal acclimation and exercise can affect COT, but this is not consistent across taxa. Anthropogenic pollutants can increase COT, although few chemical pollutants have been investigated. Ecologically, COT may modify the allocation of energy to different fitness-related functions, and thereby influence fitness of individuals, and the dynamics of animal groups and communities. Future research should consider the effects of multiple stressors on COT, including a broader range of pollutants, the underlying mechanisms of COT and experimental quantifications of potential COT-induced allocation trade-offs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Jahn
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences A08, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Frank Seebacher
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences A08, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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16
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Rentería I, García-Suárez PC, Fry AC, Moncada-Jiménez J, Machado-Parra JP, Antunes BM, Jiménez-Maldonado A. The Molecular Effects of BDNF Synthesis on Skeletal Muscle: A Mini-Review. Front Physiol 2022; 13:934714. [PMID: 35874524 PMCID: PMC9306488 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.934714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the nerve growth factor family which is generated mainly by the brain. Its main role involve synaptic modulation, neurogenesis, neuron survival, immune regulation, myocardial contraction, and angiogenesis in the brain. Together with the encephalon, some peripheral tissues synthesize BDNF like skeletal muscle. On this tissue, this neurotrophin participates on cellular mechanisms related to muscle function maintenance and plasticity as reported on recent scientific works. Moreover, during exercise stimuli the BDNF contributes directly to strengthening neuromuscular junctions, muscle regeneration, insulin-regulated glucose uptake and β-oxidation processes in muscle tissue. Given its vital relevance on many physiological mechanisms, the current mini-review focuses on discussing up-to-date knowledge about BDNF production in skeletal muscle and how this neurotrophin impacts skeletal muscle biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Rentería
- Facultad de Deportes, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - P C García-Suárez
- Facultad de Deportes, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada, Mexico.,Department of Health, Sports and Exercise Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - A C Fry
- Department of Health, Sports and Exercise Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - J Moncada-Jiménez
- Human Movement Sciences Research Center (CIMOHU), University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - J P Machado-Parra
- Facultad de Deportes, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - B M Antunes
- Facultad de Deportes, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - A Jiménez-Maldonado
- Facultad de Deportes, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada, Mexico
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17
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Reggiani C, Marcucci L. A controversial issue: Can mitochondria modulate cytosolic calcium and contraction of skeletal muscle fibers? J Gen Physiol 2022; 154:213356. [PMID: 35849108 PMCID: PMC9297197 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are characterized by a high capacity to accumulate calcium thanks to the electrochemical gradient created by the extrusion of protons in the respiratory chain. Thereby calcium can enter crossing the inner mitochondrial membrane via MCU complex, a high-capacity, low-affinity transport mechanism. Calcium uptake serves numerous purposes, among them the regulation of three dehydrogenases of the citric cycle, apoptosis via permeability transition, and, in some cell types, modulation of cytosolic calcium transients. This Review is focused on mitochondrial calcium uptake in skeletal muscle fibers and aims to reanalyze its functional impact. In particular, we ask whether mitochondrial calcium uptake is relevant for the control of cytosolic calcium transients and therefore of contractile performance. Recent data suggest that this may be the case, at least in particular conditions, as modified expression of MCU complex subunits or of proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics and ablation of the main cytosolic calcium buffer, parvalbumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Reggiani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,Science and Research Center Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia,Correspondence to Carlo Reggiani:
| | - Lorenzo Marcucci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, Suita, Japan
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18
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Idoux R, Bretaud S, Berthier C, Ruggiero F, Jacquemond V, Allard B. Superfast excitation-contraction coupling in adult zebrafish skeletal muscle fibers. J Gen Physiol 2022; 154:213310. [PMID: 35767225 PMCID: PMC9247716 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish has emerged as a very relevant animal model for probing the pathophysiology of human skeletal muscle disorders. This vertebrate animal model displays a startle response characterized by high-frequency swimming activity powered by contraction of fast skeletal muscle fibers excited at extremely high frequencies, critical for escaping predators and capturing prey. Such intense muscle performance requires extremely fast properties of the contractile machinery but also of excitation-contraction coupling, the process by which an action potential spreading along the sarcolemma induces a change in configuration of the dihydropyridine receptors, resulting in intramembrane charge movements, which in turn triggers the release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. However, thus far, the fastest Ca2+ transients evoked by vertebrate muscle fibers has been described in muscles used to produce sounds, such as those in the toadfish swim bladder, but not in muscles used for locomotion. By performing intracellular Ca2+ measurements under voltage control in isolated fast skeletal muscle fibers from adult zebrafish and mouse, we demonstrate that fish fast muscle fibers display superfast kinetics of action potentials, intramembrane charge movements, and action potential-evoked Ca2+ transient, allowing fusion and fused sustained Ca2+ transients at frequencies of excitation much higher than in mouse fast skeletal muscle fibers and comparable to those recorded in muscles producing sounds. The present study is the first demonstration of superfast kinetics of excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle allowing superfast locomotor behaviors in a vertebrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romane Idoux
- Institut de Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle (PGNM), Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 5261, INSERM U1315, Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, Lyon, France
| | - Sandrine Bretaud
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), École normale supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 5242, Lyon, France
| | - Christine Berthier
- Institut de Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle (PGNM), Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 5261, INSERM U1315, Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, Lyon, France
| | - Florence Ruggiero
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), École normale supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 5242, Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Jacquemond
- Institut de Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle (PGNM), Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 5261, INSERM U1315, Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, Lyon, France
| | - Bruno Allard
- Institut de Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle (PGNM), Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 5261, INSERM U1315, Faculté de Médecine Rockefeller, Lyon, France,Correspondence to Bruno Allard:
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19
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Rockenfeller R, Günther M, Hooper SL. Muscle active force-length curve explained by an electrophysical model of interfilament spacing. Biophys J 2022; 121:1823-1855. [PMID: 35450825 PMCID: PMC9199101 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The active isometric force-length relation (FLR) of striated muscle sarcomeres is central to understanding and modeling muscle function. The mechanistic basis of the descending arm of the FLR is well explained by the decreasing thin:thick filament overlap that occurs at long sarcomere lengths. The mechanistic basis of the ascending arm of the FLR (the decrease in force that occurs at short sarcomere lengths), alternatively, has never been well explained. Because muscle is a constant-volume system, interfilament lattice distances must increase as sarcomere length shortens. This increase would decrease thin and thick-filament electrostatic interactions independently of thin:thick filament overlap. To examine this effect, we present here a fundamental, physics-based model of the sarcomere that includes filament molecular properties, calcium binding, sarcomere geometry including both thin:thick filament overlap and interfilament radial distance, and electrostatics. The model gives extremely good fits to existing FLR data from a large number of different muscles across their entire range of measured activity levels, with the optimized parameter values in all cases lying within anatomically and physically reasonable ranges. A local first-order sensitivity analysis (varying individual parameters while holding the values of all others constant) shows that model output is most sensitive to a subset of model parameters, most of which are related to sarcomere geometry, with model output being most sensitive to interfilament radial distance. This conclusion is supported by re-running the fits with only this parameter subset being allowed to vary, which increases fit errors only moderately. These results show that the model well reproduces existing experimental data, and indicate that changes in interfilament spacing play as central a role as changes in filament overlap in determining the FLR, particularly on its ascending arm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Günther
- Biomechanics and Biorobotics, Stuttgart Center for Simulation Sciences (SC SimTech), Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany; Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena, Germany
| | - Scott L Hooper
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
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20
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Kobayashi T, Kurebayashi N, Murayama T. The Ryanodine Receptor as a Sensor for Intracellular Environments in Muscles. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910795. [PMID: 34639137 PMCID: PMC8509754 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The ryanodine receptor (RyR) is a Ca2+ release channel in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal and cardiac muscles and plays a key role in excitation-contraction coupling. The activity of the RyR is regulated by the changes in the level of many intracellular factors, such as divalent cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+), nucleotides, associated proteins, and reactive oxygen species. Since these intracellular factors change depending on the condition of the muscle, e.g., exercise, fatigue, or disease states, the RyR channel activity will be altered accordingly. In this review, we describe how the RyR channel is regulated under various conditions and discuss the possibility that the RyR acts as a sensor for changes in the intracellular environments in muscles.
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21
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Effects of 4-weeks of elastic variable resistance training on the electrochemical and mechanical components of voluntary electromechanical delay durations. Eur J Appl Physiol 2021; 121:3313-3321. [PMID: 34432149 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04791-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Literature is conflicted on whether electromechanical delay durations decrease following resistance training programs. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the contributions and durations of the electrochemical (EMDE-M) and mechanical (EMDM-F) components to the overall electromechanical delay (EMDE-F) during step isometric muscle actions following 4-weeks of structured, multi-joint, lower-body variable resistance training (VRT) program. METHODS Twelve men performed 4-weeks of VRT leg press training utilizing combination of steel plates (80% total load) and elastic bands (20% total load). Training consisted of 3 sets of 10 repetitions at a 10 repetition maximum load, 3 day week-1 for 4-weeks. EMDE-M, EMDM-F, and EMDE-F was measured at Baseline, Week-2, and Week-4 during voluntary step isometric muscle actions (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction) from the vastus lateralis using electromyographic, mechanomyographic, and force signals. RESULTS The EMDE-M, EMDM-F, and EMDE-F exhibited decreases in duration following 4-weeks of VRT. In addition, EMDE-M contributed significantly less (42-47%) than EMDM-F (53-58%) to the total duration of EMDE-F across the 4-weeks of VRT. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated that a structured, VRT program utilizing multi-joint exercise was sufficient to induce decreases in the electrochemical and mechanical processes associated with step isometric muscle contractions. In addition, the utilization of the electromyographic, mechanomyographic, and force signals were capable of quantifying electrochemical and mechanical component changes associated with voluntary muscle contraction. Thus, EMDE-M, EMDM-F, and EMDE-F can be useful in quantifying physiological changes in athletic, clinical, and applied research interventions.
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22
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Chen YT, Chen LY, Renn TY, Cheng MS, Wang CT, Klimenkov IV, Sudakov NP, Liao WC, Chen YJ, Chang HM. Olfactory Stimulation Successfully Improves Swallowing Function of Aged Rats through Activating Central Neuronal Networks and Downstream DHPR-RyR-mediated Neuromuscular Activities. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 77:235-242. [PMID: 34378774 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Presbyphagia is age-related changes in swallowing function, which imposes a high risk of aspiration in older adults. Considering olfactory stimulation (OS) can influence behavioral activities by modulating neuronal excitability, the present study aims to determine whether OS could improve the swallowing function of aged rats through activating the central neuronal networks and downstream muscular activities participated in the control of swallowing. Aged male Wistar rats received OS by inhaling a mixture of plant-based volatile molecules twice a day for 12 days were subjected to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and c-fos, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunostaining to detect the neuronal activities of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and medullary nuclei engaged in swallowing control, respectively. The functional effects of OS on downstream pharyngeal muscle activity were examined by evaluating the dihydropyridine receptor-ryanodine receptor (DHPR-RyR) mediated intra-muscular Ca2 + expression, and analyzing the amplitude/frequency of muscle contraction, respectively. In untreated rats, only moderate signal of fMRI and mild c-fos/ChAT expression was detected in the OFC and medullary nuclei, respectively. However, following OS, intense signals of fMRI and immunostaining were clearly expressed in the orbitofronto-medullary networks. Functional data corresponded well with above findings in which OS significantly enhanced DHPR-RyR-mediated intra-muscular Ca2 + expression, effectively facilitated a larger amplitude of pharyngeal muscle contraction, and exhibited better performance in consuming larger amounts of daily dietary. As OS successfully activates the neuromuscular activities participated in the control of swallowing, applying OS may serve as an effective, easy, and safe strategy to greatly improve the swallow function of aging populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea-Tzy Chen
- Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112303, Taiwan.,Department of Special Education, University of Taipei, Taipei 100234, Taiwan
| | - Li-You Chen
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402367, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yi Renn
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Shan Cheng
- Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112303, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Te Wang
- Department of Special Education, University of Taipei, Taipei 100234, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei 220050, Taiwan
| | - Igor V Klimenkov
- Department of Cell Ultrastructure, Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Nikolay P Sudakov
- Department of Cell Ultrastructure, Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Wen-Chieh Liao
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402367, Taiwan
| | - Yea-Jyh Chen
- School of Nursing, College of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington 28403, NC, USA
| | - Hung-Ming Chang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
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23
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Carleton MM, Sefton MV. Promoting endogenous repair of skeletal muscle using regenerative biomaterials. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:2720-2739. [PMID: 34041836 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles normally have a remarkable ability to repair themselves; however, large muscle injuries and several myopathies diminish this ability leading to permanent loss of function. No clinical therapy yet exists that reliably restores muscle integrity and function following severe injury. Consequently, numerous tissue engineering techniques, both acellular and with cells, are being investigated to enhance muscle regeneration. Biomaterials are an essential part of these techniques as they can present physical and biochemical signals that augment the repair process. Successful tissue engineering strategies require regenerative biomaterials that either actively promote endogenous muscle repair or create an environment supportive of regeneration. This review will discuss several acellular biomaterial strategies for skeletal muscle regeneration with a focus on those under investigation in vivo. This includes materials that release bioactive molecules, biomimetic materials and immunomodulatory materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda M Carleton
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael V Sefton
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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24
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Łochyński D, Kaczmarek D, Grześkowiak M, Majerczak J, Podgórski T, Celichowski J. Motor Unit Force Potentiation and Calcium Handling Protein Concentration in Rat Fast Muscle After Resistance Training. Front Physiol 2021; 12:652299. [PMID: 34054571 PMCID: PMC8160384 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.652299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-tetanic potentiation (PTP) of force depends on intramuscular Ca2+ levels and sensitivity and may be affected by fatigue. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of isolated fast fatigue-resistant (FR) and fast-fatigable (FF) motor units (MUs) to potentiate force evoked with single and 40-Hz electrical stimulation after 5 weeks of voluntary weight-lifting training. Tetanic contractions evoked by gradually increasing (10–150 Hz) stimulation frequency served as conditioning stimulation. Additionally, the concentration of myosin light chain kinase and proteins engaged in calcium handling was measured in rat fast medial gastrocnemius muscle. After the training, the potentiation of twitch force and peak rate of force development was increased in FF but not FR MUs. Force potentiation of 40-Hz tetanic contractions was increased in both fast MU types. After the training, the twitch duration of FR MUs was decreased, and FF MUs were less prone to high-frequency fatigue during conditioning stimulation. Muscle concentration of triadin was increased, whereas concentrations of ryanodine receptor 1, junctin, FKBP12, sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1, parvalbumin, myosin light chain kinase, and actomyosin adenosine triphosphatase content were not modified. After short-term resistance training, the twitch contraction time and twitch:tetanus force ratio of FR MUs are decreased, and PTP ability is not changed. However, PTP capacity is increased in response to submaximal activation. In FF MUs increase in PTP ability coexists with lesser fatigability. Further work is required to find out if the increase in triadin concentration has any impact on the observed contractile response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Łochyński
- Department of Neuromuscular Physiotherapy, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dominik Kaczmarek
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marcin Grześkowiak
- Department of Cardiological and Rheumatological Rehabilitation, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Majerczak
- Department of Neurobiology, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Podgórski
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jan Celichowski
- Department of Neurobiology, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
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van der Zee TJ, Kuo AD. The high energetic cost of rapid force development in muscle. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:237823. [PMID: 33707194 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.233965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Muscles consume metabolic energy for active movement, particularly when performing mechanical work or producing force. Less appreciated is the cost for activating muscle quickly, which adds considerably to the overall cost of cyclic force production. However, the cost magnitude relative to the cost of mechanical work, which features in many movements, is unknown. We therefore tested whether fast activation is costly compared with performing work or producing isometric force. We hypothesized that metabolic cost would increase with a proposed measure termed force rate (rate of increase in muscle force) in cyclic tasks, separate from mechanical work or average force level. We tested humans (N=9) producing cyclic knee extension torque against an isometric dynamometer (torque 22 N m, cyclic waveform frequencies 0.5-2.5 Hz), while also quantifying quadriceps muscle force and work against series elasticity (with ultrasonography), along with metabolic rate through respirometry. Net metabolic rate increased by more than four-fold (10.5 to 46.8 W) with waveform frequency. At high frequencies, the hypothesized force-rate cost accounted for nearly half (40%) of energy expenditure. This exceeded the cost for average force (17%) and was comparable to the cost for shortening work (43%). The force-rate cost is explained by additional active calcium transport necessary for producing forces at increasing waveform frequencies, owing to rate-limiting dynamics of force production. The force-rate cost could contribute substantially to the overall cost of movements that require cyclic muscle activation, such as locomotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim J van der Zee
- University of Calgary, Faculty of Kinesiology, Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 1N4
| | - Arthur D Kuo
- University of Calgary, Faculty of Kinesiology, Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 1N4
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26
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Carraro U, Yablonka-Reuveni Z. Translational research on Myology and Mobility Medicine: 2021 semi-virtual PDM3 from Thermae of Euganean Hills, May 26 - 29, 2021. Eur J Transl Myol 2021; 31:9743. [PMID: 33733717 PMCID: PMC8056169 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2021.9743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
On 19-21 November 2020, the meeting of the 30 years of the Padova Muscle Days was virtually held while the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic was hitting the world after a seemingly quiet summer. During the 2020-2021 winter, the epidemic is still active, despite the start of vaccinations. The organizers hope to hold the 2021 Padua Days on Myology and Mobility Medicine in a semi-virtual form (2021 S-V PDM3) from May 26 to May 29 at the Thermae of Euganean Hills, Padova, Italy. Here the program and the Collection of Abstracts are presented. Despite numerous world problems, the number of submitted/selected presentations (lectures and oral presentations) has increased, prompting the organizers to extend the program to four dense days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Carraro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of the University of Padova, Italy; CIR-Myo - Myology Centre, University of Padova, Italy; A-C Mioni-Carraro Foundation for Translational Myology, Padova.
| | - Zipora Yablonka-Reuveni
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA.
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27
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Senneff S, Lowery MM. Effects of extracellular potassium on calcium handling and force generation in a model of excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle. J Theor Biol 2021; 519:110656. [PMID: 33667541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
It is well-established that extracellular potassium (Ko+) accumulation reduces muscle fiber excitability, however the effects of Ko+ on the excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) pathway are less understood. In vivo and in vitro studies following fatiguing stimulation protocols are limited in their ability to capture the effects of Ko+ on force production in combination with other simultaneously changing factors. To address this, a computational model of ECC for slow and fast twitch muscle is presented to explore the relative contributions of excitability-induced and metabolic-induced changes in force generation in response to increasing [Formula: see text] . The model incorporates mechanisms previously unexplored in modelling studies, including the effects of extracellular calcium on excitability, calcium-dependent inhibition of calcium release, ATP-dependent ionic pumping, and the contribution of ATP hydrolysis to intracellular phosphate accumulation rate. The model was able to capture the frequency-dependent biphasic Force- [Formula: see text] response observed experimentally. Force potentiation for moderately elevated [Formula: see text] was driven by increased action potential duration, myoplasmic calcium potentiation, and phosphate accumulation rate, while attenuation of force at higher [Formula: see text] was due to action potential failure resulting in reduced calcium release. These results suggest that altered calcium release and phosphate accumulation work together with elevated Ko+ to affect force during sustained contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sageanne Senneff
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Madeleine M Lowery
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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28
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Su Y, Ahn B, Macpherson PCD, Ranjit R, Claflin DR, Van Remmen H, Brooks SV. Transgenic expression of SOD1 specifically in neurons of Sod1 deficient mice prevents defects in muscle mitochondrial function and calcium handling. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 165:299-311. [PMID: 33561489 PMCID: PMC8026109 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by loss of muscle mass and force, known as sarcopenia. Muscle atrophy, weakness, and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) degeneration reminiscent of normal muscle aging are observed early in adulthood for mice deficient in Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD, Sod1-/-). Muscles of Sod1-/- mice also display impaired mitochondrial ATP production and increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation implicating oxidative stress in sarcopenia. Restoration of CuZnSOD specifically in neurons of Sod1-/- mice (SynTgSod1-/-) prevents muscle atrophy and loss of force, but whether muscle mitochondrial function is preserved is not known. To establish links among CuZnSOD expression, mitochondrial function, and sarcopenia, we examined contractile properties, mitochondrial function and ROS production, intracellular calcium transients (ICT), and NMJ morphology in lumbrical muscles of 7-9 month wild type (WT), Sod1-/-, and SynTgSod1-/- mice. Compared with WT values, mitochondrial ROS production was increased 2.9-fold under basal conditions and 2.2-fold with addition of glutamate and malate in Sod1-/- muscle fibers while oxygen consumption was not significantly altered. In addition, NADH recovery was blunted following contraction and the peak of the ICT was decreased by 25%. Mitochondrial function, ROS generation and calcium handling were restored to WT values in SynTgSod1-/- mice, despite continued lack of CuZnSOD in muscle. NMJ denervation and fragmentation were also fully rescued in SynTgSod1-/- mice suggesting that muscle mitochondrial and calcium handling defects in Sod1-/- mice are secondary to neuronal oxidative stress and its effects on the NMJ rather than the lack of muscle CuZnSOD. We conclude that intact neuronal function and innervation are key to maintaining excitation-contraction coupling and muscle mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Su
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Orthopedics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Bumsoo Ahn
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Peter C D Macpherson
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rojina Ranjit
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Dennis R Claflin
- Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Holly Van Remmen
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Physiology, Oklahoma University Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Susan V Brooks
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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29
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Yang HW, Jiang YF, Lee HG, Jeon YJ, Ryu B. Ca 2+-Dependent Glucose Transport in Skeletal Muscle by Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol, an Alga Phlorotannin: In Vitro and In Vivo Study. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8893679. [PMID: 33628395 PMCID: PMC7889350 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8893679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC), a type of phlorotannin isolated from the marine alga Ishige okamurae, reportedly alleviates impaired glucose tolerance. However, the molecular mechanisms of DPHC regulatory activity and by which it exerts potential beneficial effects on glucose transport into skeletal myotubes to control glucose homeostasis remain largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of DPHC on cytosolic Ca2+ levels and its correlation with blood glucose transport in skeletal myotubes in vitro and in vivo. Cytosolic Ca2+ levels upon DPHC treatment were evaluated in skeletal myotubes and zebrafish larvae by Ca2+ imaging using Fluo-4. We investigated the effect of DPHC on the blood glucose level and glucose transport pathway in a hyperglycemic zebrafish. DPHC was shown to control blood glucose levels by accelerating glucose transport; this effect was associated with elevated cytosolic Ca2+ levels in skeletal myotubes. Moreover, the increased cytosolic Ca2+ level caused by DPHC can facilitate the Glut4/AMPK pathways of the skeletal muscle in activating glucose metabolism, thereby regulating muscle contraction through the regulation of expression of troponin I/C, CaMKII, and ATP. Our findings provide insights into the mechanism of DPHC activity in skeletal myotubes, suggesting that increased cytosolic Ca2+ levels caused by DPHC can promote glucose transport into skeletal myotubes to modulate blood glucose levels, thus indicating the potential use of DPHC in the prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Won Yang
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Fei Jiang
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Geun Lee
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - BoMi Ryu
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
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30
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Pertici I, Bianchi G, Bongini L, Cojoc D, Taft MH, Manstein DJ, Lombardi V, Bianco P. Muscle myosin performance measured with a synthetic nanomachine reveals a class-specific Ca 2+ -sensitivity of the frog myosin II isoform. J Physiol 2021; 599:1815-1831. [PMID: 33507554 DOI: 10.1113/jp280976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS A nanomachine made of an ensemble of seven heavy-meromyosin (HMM) fragments of muscle myosin interacting with an actin filament is able to mimic the half-sarcomere generating steady force and constant-velocity shortening. To preserve Ca2+ as a free parameter, the Ca2+ -insensitive gelsolin fragment TL40 is used to attach the correctly oriented actin filament to the laser-trapped bead acting as a force transducer. The new method reveals that the performance of the nanomachine powered by myosin from frog hind-limb muscles depends on [Ca2+ ], an effect mediated by a Ca2+ -binding site in the regulatory light chain of HMM. The Ca2+ -sensitivity is class-specific because the performance of the nanomachine powered by mammalian skeletal muscle myosin is Ca2+ independent. A model simulation is able to interface the nanomachine performance with that of the muscle of origin and provides a molecular explanation of the functional diversity of muscles with different orthologue isoforms of myosin. ABSTRACT An ensemble of seven heavy-meromyosin (HMM) fragments of myosin-II purified from the hindlimb muscles of the frog (Rana esculenta) is used to drive a synthetic nanomachine that pulls an actin filament in the absence of confounding effects of other sarcomeric proteins. In the present version of the nanomachine the +end of the actin filament is attached to the laser trapped bead via the Ca2+ -insensitive gelsolin fragment TL40, making [Ca2+ ] a free parameter. Frog myosin performance in 2 mm ATP is affected by Ca2+ : in 0.1 mm Ca2+ , the isometric steady force (F0 , 15.25 pN) is increased by 50% (P = 0.004) with respect to that in Ca2+ -free solution, the maximum shortening velocity (V0 , 4.6 μm s-1 ) is reduced by 27% (P = 0.46) and the maximum power (Pmax , 7.6 aW) is increased by 21% (P = 0.17). V0 reduction is not significant for the paucity of data at low force, although it is solidified by a similar decrease (33%, P < 0.0001) in the velocity of actin sliding as indicated by an in vitro motility assay (Vf ). The rate of ATP-hydrolysis in solution (φ) exhibits a similar calcium dependence. Ca2+ titration curves for Vf and φ give Kd values of ∼30 μm. All the above mechanical and kinetic parameters are independent of Ca2+ when HMM from rabbit psoas myosin is used, indicating that the Ca2+ -sensitivity is a class-specific property of muscle myosin. A unique multiscale model allows interfacing of the nanomachine performance to that of the muscle of origin and identifies the kinetic steps responsible for the Ca2+ -sensitivity of frog myosin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Pertici
- PhysioLab, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Giulio Bianchi
- PhysioLab, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bongini
- PhysioLab, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | | | - Manuel H Taft
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Fritz-Hartmann-Centre for Medical Research, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dietmar J Manstein
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Fritz-Hartmann-Centre for Medical Research, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Pasquale Bianco
- PhysioLab, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
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31
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Abstract
Fresh meat quality is greatly determined through biochemical changes occurring in the muscle during its conversion to meat. These changes are key to imparting a unique set of characteristics on fresh meat, including its appearance, ability to retain moisture, and texture. Skeletal muscle is an extremely heterogeneous tissue composed of different types of fibers that have distinct contractile and metabolic properties. Fiber type composition determines the overall biochemical and functional properties of the muscle tissue and, subsequently, its quality as fresh meat. Therefore, changing muscle fiber profile in living animals through genetic selection or environmental factors has the potential to modulate fresh meat quality. We provide an overview of the biochemical processes responsible for the development of meat quality attributes and an overall understanding of the strong relationship between muscle fiber profile and meat quality in different meat species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saulo L Silva
- Animal Science Department, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil 13635-900;
| | - David E Gerrard
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA;
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32
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Hoppe K, Sartorius T, Chaiklieng S, Wietzorrek G, Ruth P, Jurkat-Rott K, Wearing S, Lehmann-Horn F, Klingler W. Paxilline Prevents the Onset of Myotonic Stiffness in Pharmacologically Induced Myotonia: A Preclinical Investigation. Front Physiol 2020; 11:533946. [PMID: 33329012 PMCID: PMC7719791 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.533946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced Cl− conductance causes inhibited muscle relaxation after forceful voluntary contraction due to muscle membrane hyperexcitability. This represents the pathomechanism of myotonia congenita. Due to the prevailing data suggesting that an increased potassium level is a main contributor, we studied the effect of a modulator of a big conductance Ca2+- and voltage-activated K+ channels (BK) modulator on contraction and relaxation of slow- and high-twitch muscle specimen before and after the pharmacological induction of myotonia. Human and murine muscle specimens (wild-type and BK−/−) were exposed to anthracene-9-carboxylic acid (9-AC) to inhibit CLC-1 chloride channels and to induce myotonia in-vitro. Functional effects of BK-channel activation and blockade were investigated by exposing slow-twitch (soleus) and fast-twitch (extensor digitorum longus) murine muscle specimens or human musculus vastus lateralis to an activator (NS1608) and a blocker (Paxilline), respectively. Muscle-twitch force and relaxation times (T90/10) were monitored. Compared to wild type, fast-twitch muscle specimen of BK−/− mice resulted in a significantly decreased T90/10 in presence of 9-AC. Paxilline significantly shortened T90/10 of murine slow- and fast-twitch muscles as well as human vastus lateralis muscle. Moreover, twitch force was significantly reduced after application of Paxilline in myotonic muscle. NS1608 had opposite effects to Paxilline and aggravated the onset of myotonic activity by prolongation of T90/10. The currently used standard therapy for myotonia is, in some individuals, not very effective. This in vitro study demonstrated that a BK channel blocker lowers myotonic stiffness and thus highlights its potential therapeutic option in myotonia congenital (MC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Hoppe
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, Wuerzburg University Hospital, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Tina Sartorius
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sunisa Chaiklieng
- Division of Neurophysiology in the Center of Rare Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Muang Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Georg Wietzorrek
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Peter Ruth
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Karin Jurkat-Rott
- Division of Experimental Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Scott Wearing
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Conservative and Rehabilitation Orthopedics, Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Lehmann-Horn
- Division of Neurophysiology in the Center of Rare Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Werner Klingler
- Division of Neurophysiology in the Center of Rare Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Conservative and Rehabilitation Orthopedics, Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, SRH Clinincs, Sigmaringen, Germany
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33
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Liang HF, Li J, Li XD. Identification and characterization of troponin genes in Locusta migratoria. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 29:391-403. [PMID: 32338426 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Troponin complex comprises three subunits, namely troponin C (TpnC), troponin I (TpnI) and troponin T (TpnT), and regulates the contraction of striated muscle. We found that the locust Locusta migratoria genome has one TpnT gene (LmTpnT), one TpnI gene (LmTpnI) and three TpnC genes (LmTpnC1, LmTpnC2 and LmTpnC3). Through alternative splicing, LmTpnT and LmTpnI potentially encode two and eight isoforms, respectively. The flight muscle and the jump muscle of L. migratoria express an identical LmTpnT isoform, but different LmTpnC isoforms and LmTpnI isoforms. LmTpnC2 and LmTpnC3 both contain highly conserved residues essential for calcium binding in the EF-hand II and IV, thus belonging two-site isoform. LmTpnC1 contains non-conserved substitutions in the EF-hand II and all highly conserved residues for calcium binding in the EF-hand IV. Mutagenesis and tyrosine fluorescence spectroscopic analysis show that both the EF-hand II and IV of LmTpnC1 can serve as calcium-binding site. Therefore, all three LmTpnC isoforms belong to two-site isoform. This is in contrast to the situation in the insect with asynchronous flight muscle, which expresses both one-site isoform and two-site isoform of TpnC. Those results suggest that the origination of insect asynchronous flight muscle is associated with the emergence of one-site isoform of TpnC.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-F Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Insect Pests and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - J Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Insect Pests and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - X-D Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Insect Pests and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Elbaz M, Ruiz A, Nicolay S, Tupini C, Bachmann C, Eckhardt J, Benucci S, Pelczar P, Treves S, Zorzato F. Bi-allelic expression of the RyR1 p.A4329D mutation decreases muscle strength in slow-twitch muscles in mice. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:10331-10339. [PMID: 32499372 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) gene are associated with several human congenital myopathies, including the dominantly inherited central core disease and exercise-induced rhabdomyolysis, and the more severe recessive phenotypes, including multiminicore disease, centronuclear myopathy, and congenital fiber type disproportion. Within the latter group, those carrying a hypomorphic mutation in one allele and a missense mutation in the other are the most severely affected. Because of nonsense-mediated decay, most hypomorphic alleles are not expressed, resulting in homozygous expression of the missense mutation allele. This should result in 50% reduced expression of the ryanodine receptor in skeletal muscle, but its observed content is even lower. To study in more detail the biochemistry and pathophysiology of recessive RYR1 myopathies, here we investigated a mouse model we recently generated by analyzing the effect of bi-allelic versus mono-allelic expression of the RyR1 p.A4329D mutation. Our results revealed that the expression of two alleles carrying the same mutation or of one allele with the mutation in combination with a hypomorphic allele does not result in functionally equal outcomes and impacts skeletal muscles differently. In particular, the bi-allelic RyR1 p.A4329D mutation caused a milder phenotype than its mono-allelic expression, leading to changes in the biochemical properties and physiological function only of slow-twitch muscles and largely sparing fast-twitch muscles. In summary, bi-allelic expression of the RyR1 p.A4329D mutation phenotypically differs from mono-allelic expression of this mutation in a compound heterozygous carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moran Elbaz
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexis Ruiz
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sven Nicolay
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Tupini
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Christoph Bachmann
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan Eckhardt
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sofia Benucci
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pawel Pelczar
- Center for Transgenic Models, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Susan Treves
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Zorzato
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland .,Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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35
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Ogawa H, Kurebayashi N, Yamazawa T, Murayama T. Regulatory mechanisms of ryanodine receptor/Ca 2+ release channel revealed by recent advancements in structural studies. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2020; 42:291-304. [PMID: 32040690 PMCID: PMC8332584 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-020-09575-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are huge homotetrameric Ca2+ release channels localized to the sarcoplasmic reticulum. RyRs are responsible for the release of Ca2+ from the SR during excitation–contraction coupling in striated muscle cells. Recent revolutionary advancements in cryo-electron microscopy have provided a number of near-atomic structures of RyRs, which have enabled us to better understand the architecture of RyRs. Thus, we are now in a new era understanding the gating, regulatory and disease-causing mechanisms of RyRs. Here we review recent advances in the elucidation of the structures of RyRs, especially RyR1 in skeletal muscle, and their mechanisms of regulation by small molecules, associated proteins and disease-causing mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruo Ogawa
- Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan.
| | - Nagomi Kurebayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Toshiko Yamazawa
- Department of Molecular Physiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Takashi Murayama
- Department of Pharmacology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
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Hucteau E, Jubeau M, Cornu C, Cattagni T. Is there an intermuscular relationship in voluntary activation capacities and contractile kinetics? Eur J Appl Physiol 2020; 120:513-526. [PMID: 31925519 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-019-04299-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The force-generating capacities of human skeletal muscles are interrelated, highlighting a common construct of limb strength. This study aimed to further determine whether there is an intermuscular relationship in maximal voluntary activation capacities and contractile kinetics of human muscles. METHODS Twenty-six young healthy individuals participated in this study. Isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque, voluntary activation level (VAL), and doublet twitch contractile kinetics (contraction time and half-relaxation time) evoked by a paired supramaximal peripheral nerve stimulation at 100 Hz were obtained in elbow flexors, knee extensors, plantar flexors and dorsiflexors of the dominant limb. RESULTS Peak MVC torque had significant positive correlations between all muscle group pairs (all P values < 0.01). A significant positive correlation for VAL was found only between knee extensors and plantar flexors (r = 0.60, P < 0.01). There were no significant correlations between all muscle group pairs for doublet twitch contraction time and doublet twitch half-relaxation time. DISCUSSION These results show that there is a partial common construct of maximal voluntary activation capacities that only concerns muscle groups that have incomplete activation during MVC (i.e., knee extensors and plantar flexors). This suggests that the common construct of MVC strength between these two muscle groups is partly influenced by neural mechanisms. The lack of intermuscular relationship of contractile kinetics showed that there is no common construct of muscle contractile kinetics, as assessed in vivo by investigating the time-course of evoked doublet twitch contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elyse Hucteau
- Laboratoire "Motricité, Interactions, Performance" EA 4334, Faculty of Sport Sciences, UFR STAPS, University of Nantes, 25 bis Boulevard Guy Mollet-BP 72206, 44 322, Nantes cedex 3, France
| | - Marc Jubeau
- Laboratoire "Motricité, Interactions, Performance" EA 4334, Faculty of Sport Sciences, UFR STAPS, University of Nantes, 25 bis Boulevard Guy Mollet-BP 72206, 44 322, Nantes cedex 3, France
| | - Christophe Cornu
- Laboratoire "Motricité, Interactions, Performance" EA 4334, Faculty of Sport Sciences, UFR STAPS, University of Nantes, 25 bis Boulevard Guy Mollet-BP 72206, 44 322, Nantes cedex 3, France
| | - Thomas Cattagni
- Laboratoire "Motricité, Interactions, Performance" EA 4334, Faculty of Sport Sciences, UFR STAPS, University of Nantes, 25 bis Boulevard Guy Mollet-BP 72206, 44 322, Nantes cedex 3, France.
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Ge J, Gargey A, Nesmelova IV, Nesmelov YE. CaATP prolongs strong actomyosin binding and promotes futile myosin stroke. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2019; 40:389-398. [PMID: 31556008 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-019-09556-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Calcium plays an essential role in muscle contraction, regulating actomyosin interaction by binding troponin of thin filaments. There are several buffers for calcium in muscle, and those buffers play a crucial role in the formation of the transient calcium wave in sarcomere upon muscle activation. One such calcium buffer in muscle is ATP. ATP is a fuel molecule, and the important role of MgATP in muscle is to bind myosin and supply energy for the power stroke. Myosin is not a specific ATPase, and CaATP also supports myosin ATPase activity. The concentration of CaATP in sarcomeres reaches 1% of all ATP available. Since 294 myosin molecules form a thick filament, naïve estimation gives three heads per filament with CaATP bound, instead of MgATP. We found that CaATP dissociates actomyosin slower than MgATP, thus increasing the time of the strong actomyosin binding. The rate of the basal CaATPase is faster than that of MgATPase, myosin readily produces futile stroke with CaATP. When calcium is upregulated, as in malignant hyperthermia, kinetics of myosin and actomyosin interaction with CaATP suggest that myosin CaATPase activity may contribute to observed muscle rigidity and enhanced muscle thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Ge
- Department of Physics and Optical Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Akhil Gargey
- Department of Physics and Optical Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
- Department of Biological Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Irina V Nesmelova
- Department of Physics and Optical Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Yuri E Nesmelov
- Department of Physics and Optical Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
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Wickham KA, Spriet LL. No longer beeting around the bush: a review of potential sex differences with dietary nitrate supplementation. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 44:915-924. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade there has been substantial interest in the health and athletic performance benefits associated with acute and chronic dietary nitrate (NO3–) supplementation. Dietary NO3–, commonly found in leafy green and root vegetables, undergoes sequential reduction to nitrite and nitric oxide (NO) via the enterosalivary circulation. Importantly, NO has been shown to elicit a number of biological effects ranging from blood pressure reduction to improved exercise economy and athletic performance. However, a common absence within biological research is the lack of female participants, which is often attributed to the added complexity of hormonal fluctuations throughout the menstrual cycle. Despite mounting evidence supporting significant anthropometric, metabolic, and physiological differences between the sexes, this problem extends to the field of dietary NO3– supplementation where women are underrepresented as research participants. This review examines the existing dietary NO3– supplementation research with regards to dietary NO3– pharmacokinetics, resting blood pressure, exercise economy and performance, and mechanisms of action. It also provides evidence and rationale for potential sex differences in response to dietary NO3– supplementation and future directions for this field of research. Novelty Dietary NO3– supplementation has been shown to have positive impacts on health and athletic performance in generally male populations. However, women are underrepresented in dietary NO3– supplementation research. The present evidence suggests that sex differences exist in response to dietary NO3– supplementation and this review highlights avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate A. Wickham
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Lawrence L. Spriet
- Human Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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Qaisar R, Bhaskaran S, Premkumar P, Ranjit R, Natarajan KS, Ahn B, Riddle K, Claflin DR, Richardson A, Brooks SV, Van Remmen H. Oxidative stress-induced dysregulation of excitation-contraction coupling contributes to muscle weakness. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2018; 9:1003-1017. [PMID: 30073804 PMCID: PMC6204588 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously shown that the deletion of the superoxide scavenger, CuZn superoxide dismutase, in mice (Sod1-/- mice) results in increased oxidative stress and an accelerated loss of skeletal muscle mass and force that mirror the changes seen in old control mice. The goal of this study is to define the effect of oxidative stress and ageing on muscle weakness and the Excitation Contraction (EC) coupling machinery in age-matched adult (8-10 months) wild-type (WT) and Sod1-/- mice in comparison with old (25-28 months) WT mice. METHODS In vitro contractile assays were used to measure muscle contractile parameters. The activity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) pump was measured using an NADH-linked enzyme assay. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence techniques were used to measure protein expression, and real-time reverse transcription PCR was used to measure gene expression. RESULTS The specific force generated by the extensor digitorum longus muscle was reduced in the Sod1-/- and old WT mice compared with young WT mice along with significant prolongation of time to peak force, increased half relaxation time, and disruption of intracellular calcium handling. The maximal activity of the SERCA calcium uptake pump was significantly reduced in gastrocnemius muscle from both old WT (≈14%) and adult Sod1-/- (≈33%) mice compared with young WT mice along with increased expression of sarcolipin, a known inhibitor of SERCA activity. Protein levels of the voltage sensor and calcium uptake channel proteins dihydropyridine receptor α1 and SERCA2 were significantly elevated (≈45% and ≈57%, respectively), while the ratio of calstabin, a channel stabilizing protein, to ryanodine receptor was significantly reduced (≈21%) in Sod1-/- mice compared with young WT mice. The changes in calcium handling were accompanied by substantially elevated levels of global protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the muscle weakness in Sod1-/- and old WT mice is in part driven by reactive oxygen species-mediated EC uncoupling and supports a role for reduced SERCA pump activity in compromised muscle function. The novel quantitative mechanistic data provided here can lead to potential therapeutic interventions of SERCA dysfunction for sarcopenia and muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Qaisar
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Shylesh Bhaskaran
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Pavithra Premkumar
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Rojina Ranjit
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | - Bumsoo Ahn
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Riddle
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Dennis R Claflin
- Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Arlan Richardson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Oklahoma City VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Department of Geriatric Medicine and the Reynolds Oklahoma Center of Aging, Oklahoma University Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Susan V Brooks
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Holly Van Remmen
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Oklahoma City VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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Tikunova S, Belevych N, Doan K, Reiser PJ. Desensitizing mouse cardiac troponin C to calcium converts slow muscle towards a fast muscle phenotype. J Physiol 2018; 596:4651-4663. [PMID: 29992562 PMCID: PMC6166084 DOI: 10.1113/jp276296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The Ca2+ -desensitizing D73N mutation in slow skeletal/cardiac troponin C caused dilatated cardiomyopathy in mice, but the consequences of this mutation in skeletal muscle were not known. The D73N mutation led to a rightward shift in the force versus pCa (-log [Ca]) relationship in slow-twitch mouse fibres. The D73N mutation led to a rightward shift in the force-stimulation frequency relationship and reduced fatigue resistance of mouse soleus muscle. The D73N mutation led to reduced cross-sectional area of slow-twitch fibres in mouse soleus muscle without affecting fibre type composition of the muscle. The D73N mutation resulted in significantly shorter times to peak force and to relaxation during isometric twitches and tetani in mouse soleus muscle. The D73N mutation led to major changes in physiological properties of mouse soleus muscle, converting slow muscle toward a fast muscle phenotype. ABSTRACT The missense mutation, D73N, in mouse cardiac troponin C has a profound impact on cardiac function, mediated by a decreased myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity. Mammalian cardiac muscle and slow skeletal muscle normally share expression of the same troponin C isoform. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the consequences of the D73N mutation in skeletal muscle, as a potential mechanism that contributes to the morbidity associated with heart failure or other conditions in which Ca2+ sensitivity might be altered. Effects of the D73N mutation on physiological properties of mouse soleus muscle, in which slow-twitch fibres are prevalent, were examined. The mutation resulted in a rightward shift of the force-stimulation frequency relationship, and significantly faster kinetics of isometric twitches and tetani in isolated soleus muscle. Furthermore, soleus muscles from D73N mice underwent a significantly greater reduction in force during a fatigue test. The mutation significantly reduced slow fibre mean cross-sectional area without affecting soleus fibre type composition. The effects of the mutation on Ca2+ sensitivity of force development in soleus skinned slow and fast fibres were also examined. As expected, the D73N mutation did not affect the Ca2+ sensitivity of force development in fast fibres but resulted in substantially decreased Ca2+ sensitivity in slow fibres. The results demonstrate that a point mutation in a single constituent of myofilaments (slow/cardiac troponin C) led to major changes in physiological properties of skeletal muscle and converted slow muscle toward a fast muscle phenotype with reduced fatigue resistance and Ca2+ sensitivity of force generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Tikunova
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyCollege of MedicineColumbusOH 43210USA
| | - Natalya Belevych
- Division of Biosciences, College of DentistryOhio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA
| | - Kelly Doan
- Division of Biosciences, College of DentistryOhio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA
| | - Peter J. Reiser
- Division of Biosciences, College of DentistryOhio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA
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41
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Pham TL, St-Pierre ME, Ravel-Chapuis A, Parks TEC, Langlois S, Penuela S, Jasmin BJ, Cowan KN. Expression of Pannexin 1 and Pannexin 3 during skeletal muscle development, regeneration, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:7057-7070. [PMID: 29744875 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Pannexin 1 (Panx1) and Pannexin 3 (Panx3) are single membrane channels recently implicated in myogenic commitment, as well as myoblast proliferation and differentiation in vitro. However, their expression patterns during skeletal muscle development and regeneration had yet to be investigated. Here, we show that Panx1 levels increase during skeletal muscle development becoming highly expressed together with Panx3 in adult skeletal muscle. In adult mice, Panx1 and Panx3 were differentially expressed in fast- and slow-twitch muscles. We also report that Panx1/PANX1 and Panx3/PANX3 are co-expressed in mouse and human satellite cells, which play crucial roles in skeletal muscle regeneration. Interestingly, Panx1 and Panx3 levels were modulated in muscle degeneration/regeneration, similar to the pattern seen during skeletal muscle development. As Duchenne muscular dystrophy is characterized by skeletal muscle degeneration and impaired regeneration, we next used mild and severe mouse models of this disease and found a significant dysregulation of Panx1 and Panx3 levels in dystrophic skeletal muscles. Together, our results are the first demonstration that Panx1 and Panx3 are differentially expressed amongst skeletal muscle types with their levels being highly modulated during skeletal muscle development, regeneration, and dystrophy. These findings suggest that Panx1 and Panx3 channels may play important and distinct roles in healthy and diseased skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy L Pham
- Molecular Biomedicine Program, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marie-Eve St-Pierre
- Molecular Biomedicine Program, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aymeric Ravel-Chapuis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tara E C Parks
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Langlois
- Molecular Biomedicine Program, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Ottawa, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Silvia Penuela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bernard J Jasmin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kyle N Cowan
- Molecular Biomedicine Program, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Ottawa, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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42
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Wang F, Fang M, Hinton DE, Chernick M, Jia S, Zhang Y, Xie L, Dong W, Dong W. Increased coiling frequency linked to apoptosis in the brain and altered thyroid signaling in zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) exposed to the PBDE metabolite 6-OH-BDE-47. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 198:342-350. [PMID: 29421749 PMCID: PMC7006228 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a group of brominated flame retardants that are ubiquitously detected in the environment and associated with adverse health outcomes. 6-OH-BDE-47 is a metabolite of the flame retardant, 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), and there is increasing concern regarding its developmental neurotoxicity and endocrine disrupting properties. In this study, we report that early life exposure in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos to 6-OH-BDE-47 (50 and 100 nM) resulted in higher coiling frequency and significantly increased apoptotic cells in the brain. These effects were partially rescued by overexpression of thyroid hormone receptor β (THRβ) mRNA. Moreover, exposure to 100 nM 6-OH-BDE-47 significantly reduced the number of hypothalamic 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin)-immunoreactive (5-HT-ir) neurons and the mRNA expression of tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2). These results indicate that 6-OH-BDE-47 affected thyroid hormone regulation through THRβ and negatively impacted the nervous system, in turn, affecting coiling behavior. Correlations of these endpoints suggest that coiling frequency could be used as an indicator of neurotoxicity in embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, 028000, China
| | - Mingliang Fang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - David E Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States
| | - Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States
| | - Shenglan Jia
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yingdan Zhang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Lingtian Xie
- The Environmental Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Wenjing Dong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, 028000, China
| | - Wu Dong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, 028000, China; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States.
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Kissane RWP, Egginton S, Askew GN. Regional variation in the mechanical properties and fibre-type composition of the rat extensor digitorum longus muscle. Exp Physiol 2017; 103:111-124. [DOI: 10.1113/ep086483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roger W. P. Kissane
- School of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds; Leeds UK
| | - Stuart Egginton
- School of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds; Leeds UK
| | - Graham N. Askew
- School of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds; Leeds UK
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44
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Barbé C, Bray F, Gueugneau M, Devassine S, Lause P, Tokarski C, Rolando C, Thissen JP. Comparative Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of Follistatin-Induced Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:3477-3490. [PMID: 28810121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle, the most abundant body tissue, plays vital roles in locomotion and metabolism. Myostatin is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass. In addition to increasing muscle mass, Myostatin inhibition impacts muscle contractility and energy metabolism. To decipher the mechanisms of action of the Myostatin inhibitors, we used proteomic and transcriptomic approaches to investigate the changes induced in skeletal muscles of transgenic mice overexpressing Follistatin, a physiological Myostatin inhibitor. Our proteomic workflow included a fractionation step to identify weakly expressed proteins and a comparison of fast versus slow muscles. Functional annotation of altered proteins supports the phenotypic changes induced by Myostatin inhibition, including modifications in energy metabolism, fiber type, insulin and calcium signaling, as well as membrane repair and regeneration. Less than 10% of the differentially expressed proteins were found to be also regulated at the mRNA level but the Biological Process annotation, and the KEGG pathways analysis of transcriptomic results shows a great concordance with the proteomic data. Thus this study describes the most extensive omics analysis of muscle overexpressing Follistatin, providing molecular-level insights to explain the observed muscle phenotypic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Barbé
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain , 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fabrice Bray
- Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse, l'Analyse & la Protéomique (MSAP), CNRS, USR 3290, Université de Lille; Biochimie Structurale & Fonctionnelle des Assemblages Biomoléculaires, CNRS, FR 3688, FRABIO, Université de Lille and Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul, CNRS, FR 2638, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Marine Gueugneau
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain , 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Devassine
- Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse, l'Analyse & la Protéomique (MSAP), CNRS, USR 3290, Université de Lille; Biochimie Structurale & Fonctionnelle des Assemblages Biomoléculaires, CNRS, FR 3688, FRABIO, Université de Lille and Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul, CNRS, FR 2638, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Pascale Lause
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain , 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Tokarski
- Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse, l'Analyse & la Protéomique (MSAP), CNRS, USR 3290, Université de Lille; Biochimie Structurale & Fonctionnelle des Assemblages Biomoléculaires, CNRS, FR 3688, FRABIO, Université de Lille and Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul, CNRS, FR 2638, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Christian Rolando
- Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse, l'Analyse & la Protéomique (MSAP), CNRS, USR 3290, Université de Lille; Biochimie Structurale & Fonctionnelle des Assemblages Biomoléculaires, CNRS, FR 3688, FRABIO, Université de Lille and Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul, CNRS, FR 2638, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain , 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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45
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Xiyuan Z, Fink RHA, Mosqueira M. NO-sGC Pathway Modulates Ca 2+ Release and Muscle Contraction in Zebrafish Skeletal Muscle. Front Physiol 2017; 8:607. [PMID: 28878687 PMCID: PMC5572320 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Vertebrate skeletal muscle contraction and relaxation is a complex process that depends on Ca2+ ions to promote the interaction of actin and myosin. This process can be modulated by nitric oxide (NO), a gas molecule synthesized endogenously by (nitric oxide synthase) NOS isoforms. At nanomolar concentrations NO activates soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), which in turn activates protein kinase G via conversion of GTP into cyclic GMP. Alternatively, NO post-translationally modifies proteins via S-nitrosylation of the thiol group of cysteine. However, the mechanisms of action of NO on Ca2+ homeostasis during muscle contraction are not fully understood and we hypothesize that NO exerts its effects on Ca2+ homeostasis in skeletal muscles mainly through negative modulation of Ca2+ release and Ca2+ uptake via the NO-sGC-PKG pathway. To address this, we used 5–7 days-post fecundation-larvae of zebrafish, a well-established animal model for physiological and pathophysiological muscle activity. We evaluated the response of muscle contraction and Ca2+ transients in presence of SNAP, a NO-donor, or L-NAME, an unspecific NOS blocker in combination with specific blockers of key proteins of Ca2+ homeostasis. We also evaluate the expression of NOS in combination with dihydropteridine receptor, ryanodine receptor and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase. We concluded that endogenous NO reduced force production through negative modulation of Ca2+ transients via the NO-sGC pathway. This effect could be reversed using an unspecific NOS blocker or sGC blocker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Xiyuan
- Medical Biophysics Unit, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelberg, Germany.,Department of Traumatic Surgery, TongJi Hospital affiliated to TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
| | - Rainer H A Fink
- Medical Biophysics Unit, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelberg, Germany
| | - Matias Mosqueira
- Medical Biophysics Unit, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelberg, Germany
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Smith CM, Housh TJ, Hill EC, Keller JL, Johnson GO, Schmidt RJ. Effects of intensity on muscle-specific voluntary electromechanical delay and relaxation electromechanical delay. J Sports Sci 2017; 36:1196-1203. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2017.1364403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cory M. Smith
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Terry J. Housh
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Ethan C. Hill
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Josh L. Keller
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Glen O. Johnson
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Richard J. Schmidt
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
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Theilen NT, Kunkel GH, Tyagi SC. The Role of Exercise and TFAM in Preventing Skeletal Muscle Atrophy. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2348-2358. [PMID: 27966783 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is the consequence of protein degradation exceeding protein synthesis. This arises for a multitude of reasons including the unloading of muscle during microgravity, post-surgery bedrest, immobilization of a limb after injury, and overall disuse of the musculature. The development of therapies prior to skeletal muscle atrophy settings to diminish protein degradation is scarce. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with skeletal muscle atrophy and contributes to the induction of protein degradation and cell apoptosis through increased levels of ROS observed with the loss of organelle function. ROS binds mtDNA, leading to its degradation and decreasing functionality. Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) will bind and coat mtDNA, protecting it from ROS and degradation while increasing mitochondrial function. Exercise stimulates cell signaling pathways that converge on and increase PGC-1α, a well-known activator of the transcription of TFAM and mitochondrial biogenesis. Therefore, in the present review we are proposing, separately, exercise and TFAM treatments prior to atrophic settings (muscle unloading or disuse) alleviate skeletal muscle atrophy through enhanced mitochondrial adaptations and function. Additionally, we hypothesize the combination of exercise and TFAM leads to a synergistic effect in targeting mitochondrial function to prevent skeletal muscle atrophy. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 2348-2358, 2017. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Cellular Physiology Published by © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas T Theilen
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - George H Kunkel
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
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48
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Abstract
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a clinical syndrome of skeletal muscle that presents as a hypermetabolic response to volatile anesthetic gases, where susceptible persons may develop lethally high body temperatures. Genetic predisposition mainly arises from mutations on the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor (RyR). Dantrolene is administered to alleviate MH symptoms, but its mechanism of action and its influence on the Ca2+ transients elicited by MH triggers are unknown. Here, we show that Ca2+ release in the absence of Mg2+ is unaffected by the presence of dantrolene but that dantrolene becomes increasingly effective as cytoplasmic-free [Mg2+] (free [Mg2+]cyto) passes mM levels. Furthermore, we found in human muscle susceptible to MH that dantrolene was ineffective at reducing halothane-induced repetitive Ca2+ waves in the presence of resting levels of free [Mg2+]cyto (1 mM). However, an increase of free [Mg2+]cyto to 1.5 mM could increase the period between Ca2+ waves. These results reconcile previous contradictory reports in muscle fibers and isolated RyRs, where Mg2+ is present or absent, respectively, and define the mechanism of action of dantrolene is to increase the Mg2+ affinity of the RyR (or "stabilize" the resting state of the channel) and suggest that the accumulation of the metabolite Mg2+ from MgATP hydrolysis is required to make dantrolene administration effective in arresting an MH episode.
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Bakker AJ, Cully TR, Wingate CD, Barclay CJ, Launikonis BS. Doublet stimulation increases Ca 2+ binding to troponin C to ensure rapid force development in skeletal muscle. J Gen Physiol 2017; 149:323-334. [PMID: 28209802 PMCID: PMC5339514 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201611727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Fast-twitch skeletal muscle fibers are often exposed to motor neuron double discharges (≥200 Hz), which markedly increase both the rate of contraction and the magnitude of the resulting force responses. However, the mechanism responsible for these effects is poorly understood, likely because of technical limitations in previous studies. In this study, we measured cytosolic Ca2+ during doublet activation using the low-affinity indicator Mag-Fluo-4 at high temporal resolution and modeled the effects of doublet stimulation on sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release, binding of Ca2+ to cytosolic buffers, and force enhancement in fast-twitch fibers. Single isolated fibers respond to doublet pulses with two clear Ca2+ spikes, at doublet frequencies up to 1 KHz. A 200-Hz doublet at the start of a tetanic stimulation train (70 Hz) decreases the drop in free Ca2+ between the first three Ca2+ spikes of the transient, maintaining a higher overall free Ca2+ level during first 20-30 ms of the response. Doublet stimulation also increased the rate of force development in isolated fast-twitch muscles. We also modeled SR Ca2+ release rates during doublet stimulation and showed that Ca2+-dependent inactivation of ryanodine receptor activity is rapid, occurring ≤1ms after initial release. Furthermore, we modeled Ca2+ binding to the main intracellular Ca2+ buffers of troponin C (TnC), parvalbumin, and the SR Ca2+ pump during Ca2+ release and found that the main effect of the second response in the doublet is to more rapidly increase the occupation of the second Ca2+-binding site on TnC (TnC2), resulting in earlier activation of force. We conclude that doublet stimulation maintains high cytosolic Ca2+ levels for longer in the early phase of the Ca2+ response, resulting in faster saturation of TnC2 with Ca2+, faster initiation of cross-bridge cycling, and more rapid force development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Bakker
- School of Anatomy, Physiology, and Human Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Tanya R Cully
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Catherine D Wingate
- School of Anatomy, Physiology, and Human Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Christopher J Barclay
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Bradley S Launikonis
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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Arcourt A, Gorham L, Dhandapani R, Prato V, Taberner FJ, Wende H, Gangadharan V, Birchmeier C, Heppenstall PA, Lechner SG. Touch Receptor-Derived Sensory Information Alleviates Acute Pain Signaling and Fine-Tunes Nociceptive Reflex Coordination. Neuron 2016; 93:179-193. [PMID: 27989460 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Painful mechanical stimuli activate multiple peripheral sensory afferent subtypes simultaneously, including nociceptors and low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs). Using an optogenetic approach, we demonstrate that LTMRs do not solely serve as touch receptors but also play an important role in acute pain signaling. We show that selective activation of neuropeptide Y receptor-2-expressing (Npy2r) myelinated A-fiber nociceptors evokes abnormally exacerbated pain, which is alleviated by concurrent activation of LTMRs in a frequency-dependent manner. We further show that spatial summation of single action potentials from multiple NPY2R-positive afferents is sufficient to trigger nocifensive paw withdrawal, but additional simultaneous sensory input from LTMRs is required for normal well-coordinated execution of this reflex. Thus, our results show that combinatorial coding of noxious and tactile sensory input is required for normal acute mechanical pain signaling. Additionally, we established a causal link between precisely defined neural activity in functionally identified sensory neuron subpopulations and nocifensive behavior and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Arcourt
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Louise Gorham
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Vincenzo Prato
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francisco J Taberner
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hagen Wende
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Max-Delbrueck-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vijayan Gangadharan
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carmen Birchmeier
- Max-Delbrueck-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Stefan G Lechner
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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