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Schwaner C, Barbosa M, Haley J, Pales Espinosa E, Allam B. Transcriptomics, proteomics, and physiological assays reveal immunosuppression in the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica exposed to acidification stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 146:109366. [PMID: 38218419 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) is recognized as a major stressor for a broad range of marine organisms, particularly shell-building invertebrates. OA can cause alterations in various physiological processes such as growth and metabolism, although its effect on host-pathogen interactions remains largely unexplored. In this study, we used transcriptomics, proteomics, and physiological assays to evaluate changes in immunity of the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica exposed to OA conditions (pH = 7.5 vs pH = 7.9) at various life stages. The susceptibility of oyster larvae to Vibrio infection increased significantly (131 % increase in mortality) under OA conditions, and was associated with significant changes in their transcriptomes. The significantly higher mortality of larvae exposed to pathogens and acidification stress could be the outcome of an increased metabolic demand to cope with acidification stress (as seen by upregulation of metabolic genes) at the cost of immune function (downregulation of immune genes). While larvae were particularly vulnerable, juveniles appeared more robust to the stressors and there were no differences in mortality after pathogen (Aliiroseovarius crassostrea and Vibrio spp.) exposure. Proteomic investigations in adult oysters revealed that acidification stress resulted in a significant downregulation of mucosal immune proteins including those involved in pathogen recognition and microbe neutralization, suggesting weakened mucosal immunity. Hemocyte function in adults was also impaired by high pCO2, with a marked reduction in phagocytosis (67 % decrease in phagocytosis) in OA conditions. Together, results suggest that OA impairs immune function in the eastern oyster making them more susceptible to pathogen-induced mortality outbreaks. Understanding the effect of multiple stressors such as OA and disease is important for accurate predictions of how oysters will respond to future climate regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Schwaner
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY, 11790, USA
| | - Michelle Barbosa
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY, 11790, USA
| | - John Haley
- Stony Brook University, Biological Mass Spectrometry Center, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA
| | | | - Bassem Allam
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY, 11790, USA.
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2
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Gerdol M, Nerelli DE, Martelossi N, Ogawa Y, Fujii Y, Pallavicini A, Ozeki Y. Taxonomic Distribution and Molecular Evolution of Mytilectins. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:614. [PMID: 38132935 PMCID: PMC10744619 DOI: 10.3390/md21120614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
R-type lectins are a widespread group of sugar-binding proteins found in nearly all domains of life, characterized by the presence of a carbohydrate-binding domain that adopts a β-trefoil fold. Mytilectins represent a recently described subgroup of β-trefoil lectins, which have been functionally characterized in a few mussel species (Mollusca, Bivalvia) and display attractive properties, which may fuel the development of artificial lectins with different biotechnological applications. The detection of different paralogous genes in mussels, together with the description of orthologous sequences in brachiopods, supports the formal description of mytilectins as a gene family. However, to date, an investigation of the taxonomic distribution of these lectins and their molecular diversification and evolution was still lacking. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the evolutionary history of mytilectins, revealing an ancient monophyletic evolutionary origin and a very broad but highly discontinuous taxonomic distribution, ranging from heteroscleromorphan sponges to ophiuroid and crinoid echinoderms. Moreover, the overwhelming majority of mytilectins display a chimera-like architecture, which combines the β-trefoil carbohydrate recognition domain with a C-terminal pore-forming domain, suggesting that the simpler structure of most functionally characterized mytilectins derives from a secondary domain loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gerdol
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Daniela Eugenia Nerelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicola Martelossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Yukiko Ogawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo 859-3298, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo 859-3298, Japan
| | - Alberto Pallavicini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Yasuhiro Ozeki
- Graduate School of NanoBio Sciences, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
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Guglielmi MV, Semeraro D, Mentino D, Mastrodonato M, Mastrototaro F, Scillitani G. Season- and sex-related variation in mucin secretions of the striped Venus clam, Chamelea gallina (Linnaeus, 1758) (Bivalvia: Veneridae). THE EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2023.2190343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
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4
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Saco A, Suárez H, Novoa B, Figueras A. A Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of the C-Type Lectin Gene Family Reveals Highly Expanded and Diversified Repertoires in Bivalves. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21040254. [PMID: 37103393 PMCID: PMC10140915 DOI: 10.3390/md21040254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
C-type lectins belong to a widely conserved family of lectins characterized in Metazoa. They show important functional diversity and immune implications, mainly as pathogen recognition receptors. In this work, C-type lectin-like proteins (CTLs) of a set of metazoan species were analyzed, revealing an important expansion in bivalve mollusks, which contrasted with the reduced repertoires of other mollusks, such as cephalopods. Orthology relationships demonstrated that these expanded repertoires consisted of CTL subfamilies conserved within Mollusca or Bivalvia and of lineage-specific subfamilies with orthology only between closely related species. Transcriptomic analyses revealed the importance of the bivalve subfamilies in mucosal immunity, as they were mainly expressed in the digestive gland and gills and modulated with specific stimuli. CTL domain-containing proteins that had additional domains (CTLDcps) were also studied, revealing interesting gene families with different conservation degrees of the CTL domain across orthologs from different taxa. Unique bivalve CTLDcps with specific domain architectures were revealed, corresponding to uncharacterized bivalve proteins with putative immune function according to their transcriptomic modulation, which could constitute interesting targets for functional characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaro Saco
- Institute of Marine Research IIM-CSIC, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Hugo Suárez
- Institute of Marine Research IIM-CSIC, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research IIM-CSIC, 36208 Vigo, Spain
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Sokolnikova Y, Mokrina M, Magarlamov T, Grinchenko A, Kumeiko V. Specification of hemocyte subpopulations based on immune-related activities and the production of the agglutinin MkC1qDC in the bivalve Modiolus kurilensis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15577. [PMID: 37151667 PMCID: PMC10161718 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bivalves, such as Modiolus are used as indicator organisms to monitor the state of the marine environment. Even though hemocytes are known to play a key role in the adaptive and protective mechanisms of bivalves, these cells are poorly studied in horse-mussel Modiolus kurilensis. In this paper, we present classification of horse-mussel hemocytes based on their immune functions, including the production of specific immune-related molecules, as well as their morphological composition after isolation by density gradient centrifugation. An effective fractionation protocol was adapted to separate four hemocyte subpopulations with distinct morphofunctional profiles. First subpopulation consisted of small under-differentiated hemoblasts (2.20 ± 0.85%) with a bromodeoxyuridine positive nucleus, and did not show any immune reactivity. Second was represented by agranulocytes (24.11 ± 2.40%), with evenly filled cytoplasm containing a well-developed protein-synthesizing apparatus, polysomes, smooth endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, and positively stained for myeloperoxidase, acidic proteins, glycogen and neutral polysaccharides. Third subpopulation consisted of eosinophilic granulocytes (62.64 ± 9.32%) that contained the largest number of lysosomes, peroxisomes and vesicles with contents of different density, and showed the highest phosphatase, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phagocytic activities. Lastly, fourth group, basophilic granulocytes (14.21 ± 0.34%), are main producers of lectin-like protein MkC1qDC, recently discovered in M. kurilensis and characterized by pronounced antibacterial and anticancer activity. These cells characterized by intracytoplasmic of the MkC1qDC localization, forming granule-like bodies visualized with specific antibody. Both granulocytes and agranulocytes showed phagocytic activity and ROS production, and these reactions were more pronounced for eosinophilic granulocytes, suggesting that this group is the key element of the cell-mediated immune response of M. kurilensis. Our results support a concept of bivalve's hemocyte specification with distinct phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Sokolnikova
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Corresponding author. A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, FEB RAS, 690041, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Mariia Mokrina
- Laboratory of Aquacultural Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
- Far Eastern Federal University, 690922, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Timur Magarlamov
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey Grinchenko
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Far Eastern Federal University, 690922, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Kumeiko
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Far Eastern Federal University, 690922, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Corresponding author. Far Eastern Federal University, 690922, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
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Sui Y, Zhang T, Yao X, Yan M, Yang L, Mohsen M, Nguyen H, Zhang S, Jiang H, Lv L, Zheng L. Synthesized effects of medium-term exposure to seawater acidification and microplastics on the physiology and energy budget of the thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119598. [PMID: 35718043 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) and microplastics (MPs) contamination are two results of human excises. In regions like estuarine areas, OA and MPs exposure are happening at the same time. The current research investigated the synthesized effects of OA and MPs exposure for a medium-term duration on the physiology and energy budget of the thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus. Mussels were treated by six combinations of three MPs levels (0, 10 and 1000 items L-1) × two pH levels (7.3, 8.1) for 21 d. As a result, under pH 7.3, clearance rate (CR), food absorption efficiency (AE), respiration rate (RR), and scope for growth (SFG) significantly decreased, while the fecal organic dry weight ratio (E) significantly increased. 1000 items L-1 MPs led to decrease of CR, E, SFG and increase of AE under pH 8.1. Interactive effects from combination of pH and MPs were found in terms of CR, AE, E and RR, but not for SFG of M. coruscus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Sui
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China; East China Sea Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China; Department of Marine Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Tao Zhang
- Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement, Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang, Zhoushan, China
| | - Xinyun Yao
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Ming Yan
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Liguo Yang
- East China Sea Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mohamed Mohsen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Haidang Nguyen
- Research Institute for Aquaculture, No.1, Dinh Bang, Tu Son, Bac Ninh, 16352, Viet Nam
| | - Shengmao Zhang
- East China Sea Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hucheng Jiang
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Linlan Lv
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- East China Sea Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Imamichi Y, Hikosaka K, Kawai N, Koubaku N, Hosoi M, Mizuta S, Yokoyama Y. Purification, characterization and cDNA cloning of a lectin from the brittle star Ophioplocus japonicus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 262:110757. [PMID: 35644319 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2022.110757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that possess specific sugar-binding properties and are involved in various biological activities in different organisms. In this study, purification, characterization, and cDNA cloning of a brittle star lectin, designated as Ophioplocus japonicus agglutinin (OJA), were conducted. OJA was isolated from the brittle star O. japonicus by affinity chromatography on a Sephadex G-25 column, followed by ion-exchange chromatography on a Resource Q column. This lectin yielded distinct bands at approximately 176 or 17 kDa on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) under non-reducing or reducing conditions, respectively. It also exhibited Ca2+-dependent hemagglutination activity, which, however, was not affected by other metal cations, such as Ba2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Mg2+, and Mn2+. The OJA activity was strongly inhibited by glucose and xylose among the monosaccharides tested, and by bovine thyroglobulin among the glycoproteins tested. Cloning of the OJA cDNA revealed that its primary structure contained the C-type lectin domain (CTLD). The results of this study showed that OJA is an echinoderm-derived glucose/xylose-specific lectin that belongs to the C-type lectin superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Imamichi
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Kensuke Hikosaka
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawai
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Naruchika Koubaku
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Masatomi Hosoi
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Shoshi Mizuta
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yokoyama
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan.
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8
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First Insights into the Repertoire of Secretory Lectins in Rotifers. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20020130. [PMID: 35200659 PMCID: PMC8878817 DOI: 10.3390/md20020130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their high biodiversity and adaptation to a mutable and challenging environment, aquatic lophotrochozoan animals are regarded as a virtually unlimited source of bioactive molecules. Among these, lectins, i.e., proteins with remarkable carbohydrate-recognition properties involved in immunity, reproduction, self/nonself recognition and several other biological processes, are particularly attractive targets for biotechnological research. To date, lectin research in the Lophotrochozoa has been restricted to the most widespread phyla, which are the usual targets of comparative immunology studies, such as Mollusca and Annelida. Here we provide the first overview of the repertoire of the secretory lectin-like molecules encoded by the genomes of six target rotifer species: Brachionus calyciflorus, Brachionus plicatilis, Proales similis (class Monogononta), Adineta ricciae, Didymodactylos carnosus and Rotaria sordida (class Bdelloidea). Overall, while rotifer secretory lectins display a high molecular diversity and belong to nine different structural classes, their total number is significantly lower than for other groups of lophotrochozoans, with no evidence of lineage-specific expansion events. Considering the high evolutionary divergence between rotifers and the other major sister phyla, their widespread distribution in aquatic environments and the ease of their collection and rearing in laboratory conditions, these organisms may represent interesting targets for glycobiological studies, which may allow the identification of novel carbohydrate-binding proteins with peculiar biological properties.
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9
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Pales Espinosa E, Allam B. High spatial resolution mapping of the mucosal proteome of the gills of Crassostrea virginica: implication in particle processing. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:jeb.233361. [PMID: 33431594 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.233361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the oyster Crassostrea virginica, the organization of the gill allows bidirectional particle transport where a dorsal gill tract directs particles meant to be ingested while a ventral tract collects particles intended to be rejected as pseudofeces. Previous studies showed that the transport of particles in both tracts is mediated by mucus. Consequently, we hypothesized that the nature and/or the quantity of mucosal proteins present in each tract is likely to be different. Using endoscopy-aided micro-sampling of mucus from each tract followed by multidimensional protein identification technologies, and in situ hybridization, a high spatial resolution mapping of the oyster gill proteome was generated. Results showed the presence in gill mucus of a wide range of molecules involved in non-self recognition and interactions with microbes. Mucus composition was different between the two tracts, with mucus from the ventral tract shown to be rich in mucin-like proteins, providing an explanation of its high viscosity, while mucus from the dorsal tract was found to be enriched in mannose-binding proteins, known to be involved in food particle binding and selection. Overall, this study generated high-resolution proteomes for C. virginica gill mucus and demonstrated that the contrasting functions of the two pathways present on oyster gills are associated with significant differences in their protein makeup.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bassem Allam
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, USA
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10
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Xu X, Liao K, Shi P, Xu J, Ran Z, Zhou C, Zhang L, Cao J, Yan X. Involvement of a novel Ca 2+-independent C-type lectin from Sinonovacula constricta in food recognition and innate immunity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 104:374-382. [PMID: 32492464 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bivalve lectins perform a crucial function in recognition of foreign particles, such as microalgae and pathogenic bacteria. In this study, a novel C-type lectin form Sinonovacula constricta (ScCL) was characterized. The full-length cDNA of ScCL was 1645 bp, encoding a predicted polypeptide of 273 amino acids with one typical carbohydrate-recognition domain. ScCL has the highest similarity and closest phylogenetic relationship with the C-type lectin from Solen grandis. Real-time PCR analysis showed that ScCL was expressed in all tested tissues, with the highest expression in the foot and the lowest expression in hemocytes. Agglutination activity of ScCL was Ca2+-independent. ScCL showed the strongest agglutination on Chlorella vulgaris, the modest agglutination on Platymonas subcordiformis, Nannochloropsis sp., and Thalassiosira pseudonana, the weakest agglutination on Chaetoceros sp., and no agglutination on Isochrysis zhanjiangensis. Meanwhile, agglutination tests and western blot analysis revealed that the recombinant ScCL protein could agglutinate Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio harveyi, but could not agglutinate Vibrio anguillarum, Bacillus cereus, or Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Furthermore, ScCL had a high binding activity with LPS and mannose, a low binding activity with LTA, and no binding activity with PGN. The expression of ScCL in the gill of S. constricta fed with C. vulgaris and T. pseudonana was significantly increased at 1 and/or 3 h. After injection with S. aureus, the expression of ScCL in the gill was significantly increased at 3, 6, and 24 h. These results indicated that ScCL was involved in food particle recognition and immunity of S. constricta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Xu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, China
| | - Kai Liao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, China.
| | - Peng Shi
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, China
| | - Jilin Xu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, China.
| | - Zhaoshou Ran
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, China
| | - Chengxu Zhou
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, China
| | - Jiayi Cao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, China
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, China
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11
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Cerullo AR, Lai TY, Allam B, Baer A, Barnes WJP, Barrientos Z, Deheyn DD, Fudge DS, Gould J, Harrington MJ, Holford M, Hung CS, Jain G, Mayer G, Medina M, Monge-Nájera J, Napolitano T, Espinosa EP, Schmidt S, Thompson EM, Braunschweig AB. Comparative Animal Mucomics: Inspiration for Functional Materials from Ubiquitous and Understudied Biopolymers. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5377-5398. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio R. Cerullo
- The PhD Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- The Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Tsoi Ying Lai
- The Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Bassem Allam
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5000, United States
| | - Alexander Baer
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - W. Jon P. Barnes
- Centre for Cell Engineering, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, U.K
| | - Zaidett Barrientos
- Laboratorio de Ecología Urbana, Universidad Estatal a Distancia, Mercedes de Montes de Oca, San José 474-2050, Costa Rica
| | - Dimitri D. Deheyn
- Marine Biology Research Division-0202, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UCSD, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Douglas S. Fudge
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, 1 University Drive, Orange, California 92866, United States
| | - John Gould
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Harrington
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Mandë Holford
- The PhD Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, The American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York 10024, United States
- The PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- The PhD Program in Biology, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Chia-Suei Hung
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Gaurav Jain
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, 1 University Drive, Orange, California 92866, United States
| | - Georg Mayer
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Mónica Medina
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Julian Monge-Nájera
- Laboratorio de Ecología Urbana, Universidad Estatal a Distancia, Mercedes de Montes de Oca, San José 474-2050, Costa Rica
| | - Tanya Napolitano
- The PhD Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Emmanuelle Pales Espinosa
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5000, United States
| | - Stephan Schmidt
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eric M. Thompson
- Sars Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, Thormøhlensgt. 55, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5006 Bergen, Norway
| | - Adam B. Braunschweig
- The PhD Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- The Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- The PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
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12
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Géba E, Aubert D, Durand L, Escotte S, La Carbona S, Cazeaux C, Bonnard I, Bastien F, Palos Ladeiro M, Dubey JP, Villena I, Geffard A, Bigot-Clivot A. Use of the bivalve Dreissena polymorpha as a biomonitoring tool to reflect the protozoan load in freshwater bodies. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 170:115297. [PMID: 31756612 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cryptosporidium parvum, Toxoplasma gondii and Giardia duodenalis are worldwide pathogenic protozoa recognized as major causal agents of waterborne disease outbreaks. To overcome the normative process (ISO 15553/2006) limitations of protozoa detection in aquatic systems, we propose to use the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha), a freshwater bivalve mollusc, as a tool for biomonitoring protozoan contamination. Mussels were exposed to three concentrations of C. parvum oocysts, G. duodenalis cysts or T. gondii oocysts for 21 days followed by 21 days of depuration in clear water. D. polymorpha accumulated protozoa in its tissues and haemolymph. Concerning T. gondii and G. duodenalis, the percentage of protozoa positive mussels reflected the contamination level in water bodies. As for C. parvum detection, oocysts did accumulate in mussel tissues and haemolymph, but in small quantities, and the limit of detection was high (between 50 and 100 oocysts). Low levels of T. gondii (1-5 oocysts/mussel) and G. duodenalis (less than 1 cyst/mussel) were quantified in D. polymorpha tissues. The ability of zebra mussels to reflect contamination by the three protozoa for weeks after the contamination event makes them a good integrative matrix for the biomonitoring of aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Géba
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Campus Moulin de Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims cedex 2, France; EA7510, ESCAPE, EpidémioSurveillance et CirculAtion des Parasites dans les Environnements, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Faculté de Médecine, SFR Cap Santé Fed 4231, 51 Rue Cognacq Jay, 51096, Reims, France
| | - Dominique Aubert
- EA7510, ESCAPE, EpidémioSurveillance et CirculAtion des Parasites dans les Environnements, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Faculté de Médecine, SFR Cap Santé Fed 4231, 51 Rue Cognacq Jay, 51096, Reims, France
| | - Loïc Durand
- ACTALIA Food Safety Department, 310 Rue Popielujko, 50000, Saint-Lô, France
| | - Sandy Escotte
- EA7510, ESCAPE, EpidémioSurveillance et CirculAtion des Parasites dans les Environnements, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Faculté de Médecine, SFR Cap Santé Fed 4231, 51 Rue Cognacq Jay, 51096, Reims, France
| | | | - Catherine Cazeaux
- ACTALIA Food Safety Department, 310 Rue Popielujko, 50000, Saint-Lô, France
| | - Isabelle Bonnard
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Campus Moulin de Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims cedex 2, France
| | - Fanny Bastien
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Campus Moulin de Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims cedex 2, France
| | - Mélissa Palos Ladeiro
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Campus Moulin de Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims cedex 2, France
| | - Jitender P Dubey
- United States Department Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, building 1001, Beltsville, MD, 20705-2350, USA
| | - Isabelle Villena
- EA7510, ESCAPE, EpidémioSurveillance et CirculAtion des Parasites dans les Environnements, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Faculté de Médecine, SFR Cap Santé Fed 4231, 51 Rue Cognacq Jay, 51096, Reims, France
| | - Alain Geffard
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Campus Moulin de Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims cedex 2, France
| | - Aurélie Bigot-Clivot
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Campus Moulin de Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims cedex 2, France.
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13
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Rosa M, Padilla DK. Changes in Food Selection through Ontogeny in Crassostrea gigas Larvae. THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2020; 238:54-63. [PMID: 32163728 DOI: 10.1086/706821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bivalves are some of the most important suspension feeders in aquatic systems. Much research has been conducted on the feeding mechanisms of adult molluscan suspension feeders, but less is known about the feeding mechanisms of their larval stages. To date, the general consensus is that veligers are restricted to collecting particles 4-20 μm in size and that food selection is indiscriminate within this size range, but this hypothesis remains to be directly tested. Therefore, we experimentally assessed this assumption by quantifying microalgal particle capture rates for the larvae of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) when fed five different microalgal species individually and in combination. We then tested whether factors such as cell size affected capture rate and consumption, as well as whether capture rate was affected by the presence of other microalgal species. We found evidence of food preference that was not simply a function of size or relative nutritional quality for C. gigas veligers. Further, we found that food selectivity changed through ontogeny. To our knowledge, the changes in selection that we observed through ontogeny have not been previously reported. Interestingly, there was also a sharp decrease in the variability among replicates in consumption rate as the larvae aged. Whether this is a function of velar structure or larval size remains to be tested. Our results suggest some underlying process resulting in certain species of microalgae being captured and consumed at significantly different rates than others.
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14
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Is pallial mucus involved in Ostrea edulis defenses against the parasite Bonamia ostreae? J Invertebr Pathol 2019; 169:107259. [PMID: 31805287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2019.107259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Bonamia ostreae is an intrahemocytic parasite that has been responsible for severe mortalities in the flat oyster Ostrea edulis since the 1970́s. The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is considered to be resistant to the disease and appears to have mechanisms to avoid infection. Most studies carried out on the invertebrate immune system focus on the role of hemolymph, although mucus, which covers the body surface of molluscs, could also act as a barrier against pathogens. In this study, the in vitro effect of mucus from the oyster species Ostrea edulis and C. gigas on B. ostreae was investigated using flow cytometry. Results showed an increase in esterase activities and mortality rate of parasites exposed to mucus from both oyster species. In order to better understand the potential role of mucus in the defense of the oyster against parasites such as B. ostreae, liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry were used to describe and compare mucus protein composition from both species. In all oyster species, pallial mucus contains a high level of proteins; however, O. edulis mucus produced a variety of proteins that could be involved in the immune response against the parasite, including Cu/Zn extracellular superoxide dismutase, thioxiredoxin, peroxiredon VI, heat shock protein 90 as well as several hydrolases. Conversely, a different set of antioxidant proteins, hydrolases and stress related proteins were identified in mucus from C. gigas. Our results suggest an innate immunity adaptation of oysters to develop a specific response against their respective pathogens. The mucosal protein composition also provides new insights for further investigations into the immune response in oysters.
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Stevick RJ, Sohn S, Modak TH, Nelson DR, Rowley DC, Tammi K, Smolowitz R, Markey Lundgren K, Post AF, Gómez-Chiarri M. Bacterial Community Dynamics in an Oyster Hatchery in Response to Probiotic Treatment. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1060. [PMID: 31156583 PMCID: PMC6530434 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Larval oysters in hatcheries are susceptible to diseases caused by bacterial pathogens, including Vibrio spp. Previous studies have shown that daily addition of the probiotic Bacillus pumilus RI06-95 to water in rearing tanks increases larval survival when challenged with the pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus. We propose that the presence of probiotics causes shifts in bacterial community structure in rearing tanks, leading to a net decrease in the relative abundance of potential pathogens. During three trials spanning the 2012-2015 hatchery seasons, larvae, tank biofilm, and rearing water samples were collected from control and probiotic-treated tanks in an oyster hatchery over a 12-day period after spawning. Samples were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing of the V4 or V6 regions followed by taxonomic classification, in order to determine bacterial community structures. There were significant differences in bacterial composition over time and between sample types, but no major effect of probiotics on the structure and diversity of bacterial communities (phylum level, Bray-Curtis k = 2, 95% confidence). Probiotic treatment, however, led to a higher relative percent abundance of Oceanospirillales and Bacillus spp. in water and oyster larvae. In the water, an increase in Vibrio spp. diversity in the absence of a net increase in relative read abundance suggests a likely decrease in the abundance of specific pathogenic Vibrio spp., and therefore lower chances of a disease outbreak. Co-occurrence network analysis also suggests that probiotic treatment had a systemic effect on targeted members of the bacterial community, leading to a net decrease in potentially pathogenic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J. Stevick
- Graduate School of Oceanography, The University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI, United States
| | - Saebom Sohn
- Department of Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Tejashree H. Modak
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - David R. Nelson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - David C. Rowley
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Karin Tammi
- Feinstein School of Social and Natural Sciences, Roger Williams University, Bristol, RI, United States
| | - Roxanna Smolowitz
- Feinstein School of Social and Natural Sciences, Roger Williams University, Bristol, RI, United States
| | - Kathryn Markey Lundgren
- Feinstein School of Social and Natural Sciences, Roger Williams University, Bristol, RI, United States
| | - Anton F. Post
- Graduate School of Oceanography, The University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI, United States
- Division of Research, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Marta Gómez-Chiarri
- Department of Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
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16
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Inhibition of Fasciola hepatica infection in Galba truncatula snails by application of monosaccharides to the aquatic environment. Biologia (Bratisl) 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-018-00182-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Ke Y, Wang WX. Dietary metal bioavailability in razor clam Sinonovacula constricta under fluctuating seston environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 653:131-139. [PMID: 30408661 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To understand the potential risks of dietary metals to marine bivalves, it is important to study the interaction between dietary metal bioaccumulation and bivalve feeding behavior. Key processes in affecting the dietary metal influx are the selection of different particles during the ingestion process as well as the differential assimilation of metals during the digestion process. In this study, we quantified the influences of seston quality and quantity on the dietary assimilation of Cd and Zn as well as pre-ingestion particle selectivity in a razor clam Sinonovacula constricta following feeding on radiolabeled diatoms and sediments with different mixtures at four food concentrations. Bioavailability of 109Cd and 65Zn from seston was measured by assimilation efficiency (AE) using a pulse-chase feeding technique. The AEs of Cd and Zn were significantly affected by the seston quantity and quality (higher for Zn than they were for Cd and higher for diatoms than for suspended sediments), but were independent of the presence of other particles during the feeding process. Dual gamma radiotracer technique was further employed to study pre-ingestion particle selectivity. Particle selectivity was weak during pre-ingestion in razor clams, although there was evidence that clams might be able to differentiate particles during the process of pseudofeces production. Our study demonstrated that seston composition and quantity substantially affected the bioavailability of Cd and Zn to the razor clams. The results are important to understand the bioaccumulation of metals in clams living in dynamic food environments of estuary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Ke
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences and Center for Marine Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, Department of Ocean Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, Department of Ocean Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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18
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Navarro JM, Widdows J, Chaparro OR, Ortíz A, Mellado C, Villanueva PA. Pre-ingestive selection capacity and endoscopic analysis in the sympatric bivalves Mulinia edulis and Mytilus chilensis exposed to diets containing toxic and non-toxic dinoflagellates. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193370. [PMID: 29474467 PMCID: PMC5825078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of toxic and non-toxic dinoflatellates on two sympatric bivalves, the clam Mulinia edulis and the mussel Mytilus chilensis. Groups of bivalves were fed one of three diets: (i) the toxic paralytic shellfish producing (PSP) Alexandrium catenella + Isochrysis galbana; (ii) the non-toxic Alexandrium affine + Isochrysis galbana and (iii) the control diet of Isochrysis galbana. Several physiological traits were measured, such as, clearance rate, pre-ingestive selection efficiency and particle transport velocity in the gill. The clearance rates of both M. chilensis and M. edulis showed a significant reduction when fed a mixed toxic diet of 50% Alexandrium catenella: 50% Isochrysis galbana. Similarly, when both species of bivalves were fed with the non-toxic diet (50% A. affine: 50% I. galbana), clearance rate was significantly lower compared with a diet of 100% I. galbana. Under all the experimental diets, M. chilensis showed higher clearance rate values, slightly more than double that of M. edulis. M. edulis and M. chilensis have the ability to select particles at the pre-ingestive level, thus eliminating a larger proportion of the toxic dinoflagellate A. catenella as well as the non-toxic A. affine in the form of pseudofaeces. Higher values of selection efficiency were registered in M. edulis than in M. chilensis when exposed to the toxic diet. Similar results were observed when these two species were exposed to the diet containing the non-toxic dinoflagellate, explained by the fact that the infaunal Mulinia edulis is adapted to dealing with larger particle sizes and higher particle densities (Navarro et al., 1993). The lower transport particle velocity observed in the present work for both species, is related to the reduced clearance rate, the higher particle concentration, and the presence of larger, toxic dinoflagellates. In addition, the species differ in their feeding responses to diets, with and without A. catenella or A. affine, largely reflecting their adaptations to different environmental conditions. The results suggest that the presence of a dinoflagellate bloom, whether toxic or non-toxic spp in Yaldad Bay, is likely to have a greater impact on the Mytilus chilensis than the infaunal Mulinia edulis, based on the combined effects on clearance rate, selection efficiency and particle transport velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge M. Navarro
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Centro FONDAP de Investigación en Dinámica de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Valdivia, Chile
| | - John Widdows
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, Plymouth, England
| | - Oscar R. Chaparro
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Alejandro Ortíz
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Centro FONDAP de Investigación en Dinámica de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Valdivia, Chile
| | - Carla Mellado
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Paola A. Villanueva
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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19
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Salas-Yanquin LP, Navarro JM, Pechenik JA, Montory JA, Chaparro OR. Volcanic ash in the water column: Physiological impact on the suspension-feeding bivalve Mytilus chilensis. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 127:342-351. [PMID: 29475670 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ashes settling into the sea from volcanic explosions expose suspension-feeding species to reduced seston quality. Adults and juveniles of the mussel Mytilus chilensis were exposed for 15days to the phytoplankton Isochrysis galbana together with various concentrations of ashes. We then quantified impact on survival and physiology. Although no individuals died during the experiment, by the end of the study clearance rates and oxygen consumption rates had decreased substantially, and tissue weight of mussels exposed to the highest ash concentrations declined substantially. Gills showed no physical damage, but did show abundant mucus secretion in response to ash particles. Moreover, as the relative proportions of microalgae to ash in the diet decreased, individuals showed increasing preferential ingestion of microalgal particles. Increased ash content in the diet altered physiological rates and activated distinct particle selection with a high production of pseudofeces and high energy costs, with potential long-term consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Salas-Yanquin
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - J M Navarro
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro Fondap de Investigación de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - J A Pechenik
- Biology Department, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - J A Montory
- Centro I-mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Camino Chinquihue km 6, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - O R Chaparro
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
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20
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Pales Espinosa E, Allam B. Reverse genetics demonstrate the role of mucosal C-type lectins in food particle selection in the oyster Crassostrea virginica. J Exp Biol 2018; 221:jeb.174094. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.174094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Prey selection governs species interactions and regulates physiological energetics of individuals and populations. Suspension-feeding bivalves represent key species in coastal and estuarine systems for their ecological and economic value. These animals are able to sort and selectively ingest nutritious microalgae from dilute and composite mixtures of particulate matter. This aptitude was suggested to be mediated by interactions between carbohydrates associated with the surface of microalgae and C-type lectins present in mucus covering the feeding organs although a direct, unequivocal, role of lectins in food sorting in bivalves remains elusive. This study was designed to identify and characterize mucosal C-type lectins from oysters and manipulate the expression of these proteins in order to obtain decisive information regarding their involvement in food choice. Thus, 2 mucosal C-type lectins (CvML3912 and CvML3914) were identified based on transcriptomic and proteomic information. Transcripts of these lectins were detected in the feeding organs and their expression was upregulated following starvation. Recombinant lectin (rCvML3912) competitively inhibited the binding of commercial mannose/glucose-specific lectins to microalgae. Short DsiRNA targeting these two lectins were designed and used to evaluate the effect of gene silencing on food particle sorting. As a result, the abundance of the two cognate transcripts significantly decreased and food sorting ability was significantly reduced among silenced oysters as compared to control animals. Overall, these findings propose a novel concept establishing the role of carbohydrate-protein interactions to provide an efficient food particle sorting, and establish a new dimension for the role of evolutionarily-conserved mannose/glucose-binding proteins in the metazoan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bassem Allam
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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21
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Xu XY, Lee WT, Chan AKY, Lo HS, Shin PKS, Cheung SG. Microplastic ingestion reduces energy intake in the clam Atactodea striata. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 124:798-802. [PMID: 28038767 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The effects of microplastic concentrations (10itemsl-1 and 1000itemsl-1) on the physiological responses of Atactodea striata (clearance rate, absorption efficiency, respiration rate) were investigated. The fates of ingested microplastics and the efficiency of depuration in removing ingested microplastics were also studied. A. striata ingested microplastics and the clearance rate was reduced at high concentration of microplastics. Since the respiration rate and absorption efficiency remained unchanged in exposed A. striata, reduction in the clearance rate would reduce the energy intake. Ingestion and retention of microplastics in the body were further limited by the production of pseudofaeces and faeces, and depuration in clean water, resulting in a very small amount of microplastics stored in the body of the clam.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-Y Xu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - W T Lee
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - A K Y Chan
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - H S Lo
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - P K S Shin
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - S G Cheung
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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22
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Gerdol M, Fujii Y, Hasan I, Koike T, Shimojo S, Spazzali F, Yamamoto K, Ozeki Y, Pallavicini A, Fujita H. The purplish bifurcate mussel Mytilisepta virgata gene expression atlas reveals a remarkable tissue functional specialization. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:590. [PMID: 28789640 PMCID: PMC5549309 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4012-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mytilisepta virgata is a marine mussel commonly found along the coasts of Japan. Although this species has been the subject of occasional studies concerning its ecological role, growth and reproduction, it has been so far almost completely neglected from a genetic and molecular point of view. In the present study we present a high quality de novo assembled transcriptome of the Japanese purplish mussel, which represents the first publicly available collection of expressed sequences for this species. RESULTS The assembled transcriptome comprises almost 50,000 contigs, with a N50 statistics of ~1 kilobase and a high estimated completeness based on the rate of BUSCOs identified, standing as one of the most exhaustive sequence resources available for mytiloid bivalves to date. Overall this data, accompanied by gene expression profiles from gills, digestive gland, mantle rim, foot and posterior adductor muscle, presents an accurate snapshot of the great functional specialization of these five tissues in adult mussels. CONCLUSIONS We highlight that one of the most striking features of the M. virgata transcriptome is the high abundance and diversification of lectin-like transcripts, which pertain to different gene families and appear to be expressed in particular in the digestive gland and in the gills. Therefore, these two tissues might be selected as preferential targets for the isolation of molecules with interesting carbohydrate-binding properties. In addition, by molecular phylogenomics, we provide solid evidence in support of the classification of M. virgata within the Brachidontinae subfamily. This result is in agreement with the previously proposed hypothesis that the morphological features traditionally used to group Mytilisepta spp. and Septifer spp. within the same clade are inappropriate due to homoplasy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gerdol
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, 34126 Trieste, Italy
| | - Yuki Fujii
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki, 859-3298 Japan
| | - Imtiaj Hasan
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Graduate School of NanoBio Sciences, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0027 Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205 Bangladesh
| | - Toru Koike
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki, 859-3298 Japan
| | - Shunsuke Shimojo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki, 859-3298 Japan
| | - Francesca Spazzali
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, 34126 Trieste, Italy
| | - Kaname Yamamoto
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki, 859-3298 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ozeki
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Graduate School of NanoBio Sciences, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0027 Japan
| | - Alberto Pallavicini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, 34126 Trieste, Italy
| | - Hideaki Fujita
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki, 859-3298 Japan
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McLeod C, Polo D, Le Saux JC, Le Guyader FS. Depuration and Relaying: A Review on Potential Removal of Norovirus from Oysters. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2017; 16:692-706. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine McLeod
- Seafood Safety Assessment Ltd.; Hillcrest Isle of Skye IV44 8RG Scotland
| | - David Polo
- Ifremer, Laboratoire de Microbiologie; LSEM/SG2M; 44300 Nantes France
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Allam B, Pales Espinosa E. Bivalve immunity and response to infections: Are we looking at the right place? FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 53:4-12. [PMID: 27004953 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Significant progress has been made in the understanding of cellular and molecular mediators of immunity in invertebrates in general and bivalve mollusks in particular. Despite this information, there is a lack of understanding of factors affecting animal resistance and specific responses to infections. This in part results from limited consideration of the spatial (and to some extent temporal) heterogeneity of immune responses and very limited information on host-pathogen (and microbes in general) interactions at initial encounter/colonization sites. Of great concern is the fact that most studies on molluscan immunity focus on the circulating hemocytes and the humoral defense factors in the plasma while most relevant host-microbe interactions occur at mucosal interfaces. This paper summarizes information available on the contrasting value of information available on focal and systemic immune responses in infected bivalves, and highlights the role of mucosal immune factors in host-pathogen interactions. Available information underlines the diversity of immune effectors at molluscan mucosal interfaces and highlights the tailored immune response to pathogen stimuli. This context raises fascinating basic research questions around host-microbe crosstalk and feedback controls of these interactions and may lead to novel disease mitigation strategies and improve the assessment of resistant crops or the screening of probiotic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem Allam
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, United States.
| | - Emmanuelle Pales Espinosa
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, United States
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25
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Pales Espinosa E, Koller A, Allam B. Proteomic characterization of mucosal secretions in the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. J Proteomics 2015; 132:63-76. [PMID: 26612663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The soft body surface of marine invertebrates is covered by a layer of mucus, a slippery gel secreted by mucocytes lining epithelia. The functions of this gel are diverse including locomotion, cleansing, food particles processing and defense against physicochemical injuries and infectious agents. In oysters, mucus covering pallial organs has been demonstrated to have a major importance in the processing of food particles and in the interactions with waterborne pathogens. Given the limited information available on mucus in bivalves and the apparent wide spectra of activity of bioactive molecules present in this matrix, the characterization of these mucosal secretions has become a research priority. In this study, mucus was separately collected from the mantle, gills and labial palps of the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) and analyzed by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Results showed the presence of a wide variety of molecules involved in host-microbe interactions, including putative adhesion molecules (e.g. c-type lectins) confirming that transcripts previously identified in epithelial cells are translated into proteins secreted in mucus. Mucus composition was different among samples collected from different organs. These results generate a reference map for C. virginica pallial mucus to better characterize the various physiological functions of mucosal secretions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Pales Espinosa
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, United States.
| | - Antonius Koller
- Proteomics Center, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8691, United States
| | - Bassem Allam
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, United States
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26
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Immune responses to infectious diseases in bivalves. J Invertebr Pathol 2015; 131:121-36. [PMID: 26003824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Many species of bivalve mollusks (phylum Mollusca, class Bivalvia) are important in fisheries and aquaculture, whilst others are critical to ecosystem structure and function. These crucial roles mean that considerable attention has been paid to the immune responses of bivalves such as oysters, clams and mussels against infectious diseases that can threaten the viability of entire populations. As with many invertebrates, bivalves have a comprehensive repertoire of immune cells, genes and proteins. Hemocytes represent the backbone of the bivalve immune system. However, it is clear that mucosal tissues at the interface with the environment also play a critical role in host defense. Bivalve immune cells express a range of pattern recognition receptors and are highly responsive to the recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns. Their responses to infection include chemotaxis, phagolysosomal activity, encapsulation, complex intracellular signaling and transcriptional activity, apoptosis, and the induction of anti-viral states. Bivalves also express a range of inducible extracellular recognition and effector proteins, such as lectins, peptidoglycan-recognition proteins, thioester bearing proteins, lipopolysaccharide and β1,3-glucan-binding proteins, fibrinogen-related proteins (FREPs) and antimicrobial proteins. The identification of FREPs and other highly diversified gene families in bivalves leaves open the possibility that some of their responses to infection may involve a high degree of pathogen specificity and immune priming. The current review article provides a comprehensive, but not exhaustive, description of these factors and how they are regulated by infectious agents. It concludes that one of the remaining challenges is to use new "omics" technologies to understand how this diverse array of factors is integrated and controlled during infection.
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27
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Chikalovets IV, Chernikov OV, Pivkin MV, Molchanova VI, Litovchenko AP, Li W, Lukyanov PA. A lectin with antifungal activity from the mussel Crenomytilus grayanus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 42:503-507. [PMID: 25482060 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Lectins (carbohydrate-binding proteins) are well known to actively participate in the defense functions of vertebrates and invertebrates where they play an important role in the recognition of foreign particles. In this study, we investigated of in vitro antifungal activity of lectin from the mussel Crenomytilus grayanus (CGL). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay indicated that CGL was predominantly detectable in tissues of mantle and to a lesser degree in the tissues of muscle, hepatopancreas, gill and hemocytes. After challenged by Pichia pastoris the level of CGL was upregulated and reached the maximum level at 12 h post challenge and recovered to the original level at 24 h. The lectin was capable of inhibiting the germination of spores and hyphal growth in the fungi. All these results indicated that CGL is involved in the innate immune response in mollusc animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Chikalovets
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; Far Eastern Federal University, 8, Sukhanova str., Vladivostok 690950, Russia
| | - Oleg V Chernikov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Mikhail V Pivkin
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Valentina I Molchanova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Alina P Litovchenko
- Far Eastern Federal University, 8, Sukhanova str., Vladivostok 690950, Russia
| | - Wei Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, 52, Heishijiaojie, Shahekou District, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Pavel A Lukyanov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
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Coyne K, Laursen JR, Yoshino TP. In Vitro Effects of Mucus from the Mantle of Compatible (Lymnaea elodes) and Incompatible (Helisoma trivolvis) Snail Hosts on Fascioloides magna Miracidia. J Parasitol 2015; 101:351-7. [PMID: 25602486 DOI: 10.1645/14-606.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal mucus covering the surface of a snail represents an important barrier to trematode larvae attempting to penetrate the snail and may play a role in mediating snail-trematode compatibility. In this study, Facioloides magna miracidia were exposed to mucus harvested from a compatible snail host, Lymnaea elodes (palustris), and from an incompatible snail, Helisoma trivolvis . In vitro treatment of freshly hatched miracidia with snail-derived mucus exerted dramatically different effects on larvae depending on snail species. At the lowest dilution of mucus tested (1:3) mean damage rates (tegumental damage and/or larval lysis and death) were as high as 100% for miracidia exposed to H. trivolvis mucus, while none of F. magna miracidia were damaged in L. elodes mucus. A dilution series for each snail species, and treatments with heat and proteinase K were performed to characterize the component(s) of mucus inducing the observed morphological changes. The damaging effects of H. trivolvis mucus were concentration dependent and completely abrogated by heat (65 C, 30 min) and proteinase treatment, strongly implicating a heat-labile protein(s) in mucus as the active cytotoxic agent(s). In contrast to our prediction that miracidial contact with mucus of compatible L. elodes would trigger larval transformation, mucus from either snail species tested exhibited little to no activity. Overall these data demonstrate the presence of a potent cytotoxic protein-like factor in the mucus of F. magna -incompatible H. trivolvis , and its absence in the mucus of the compatible snail, L. elodes . This finding supports the notion that the epidermal mucus layer may be serving as an important determinant of larval trematode-snail compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathyrn Coyne
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, School of Veterinary Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Jeffrey R Laursen
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, School of Veterinary Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Timothy P Yoshino
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, School of Veterinary Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
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Riisgård HU, Funch P, Larsen PS. The mussel filter-pump - present understanding, with a re-examination of gill preparations. ACTA ZOOL-STOCKHOLM 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/azo.12110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Ulrik Riisgård
- Marine Biological Research Centre; University of Southern Denmark; Hindsholmvej 11 DK-5300 Kerteminde Denmark
| | - Peter Funch
- Department of Bioscience; Genetics, Ecology and Evolution; Ny Munkegade 116, building 1540, room 215 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Poul S. Larsen
- DTU Mechanical Engineering; Fluid Mechanics; Technical University of Denmark; Building 403 DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark
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30
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Maldonado-Aguayo W, Teneb J, Gallardo-Escárate C. A galectin with quadruple-domain from red abalone Haliotis rufescens involved in the immune innate response against to Vibrio anguillarum. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 40:1-8. [PMID: 24952088 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Galectins are proteins that recognize and bind specifically β-galactosidase residues, playing important roles in the innate immune response of vertebrates and invertebrates. The cDNA of a tandem repeat galectin from the red abalone Haliotis rufescens cDNA (HrGal) was cloned and characterized using rapid amplification of cDNA end technique. The full-length cDNA of HrGal was 2471 bp, with a 5' terminal untranslated region (UTR) of 131 bp, a 3' UTR of 672 pb, and an open reading frame (ORF) of 1668 bp encoding a polypeptide of 556 amino acid. The ORF contains four domains carbohydrate recognition (CRD) with typical conserved motifs, which are important for carbohydrate recognition, and it appear to posses neither a signal peptide nor a transmembrane domain. The deduced amino acid sequence and the multi-domain organization of HrGal were highly similar to those described for other tandem repeat galectins of invertebrate organisms. Quantitative real time PCR analyses indicated that HrGal mRNA was highly expressed in hemocytes and gills tissues. The temporal expression of HrGal mRNA in hemocytes challenged to Vibrio anguillarum was time-dependent, showing u-regulation at 32 h post challenge. The results suggest that HrGal may be involved in the immune innate response against bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleska Maldonado-Aguayo
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Sustainable Aquaculture Research (INCAR), University of Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Jaime Teneb
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Sustainable Aquaculture Research (INCAR), University of Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Cristian Gallardo-Escárate
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Sustainable Aquaculture Research (INCAR), University of Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile.
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Pallial mucus of the oyster Crassostrea virginica regulates the expression of putative virulence genes of its pathogen Perkinsus marinus. Int J Parasitol 2014; 44:305-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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32
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Pales Espinosa E, Winnicki S, Allam B. Early host-pathogen interactions in a marine bivalve: Crassostrea virginica pallial mucus modulates Perkinsus marinus growth and virulence. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2013; 104:237-247. [PMID: 23759561 DOI: 10.3354/dao02599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Perkinsus marinus is an important protistan parasite of the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica. Recent findings showed that oyster pallial organs (mantle, gills) are a major portal of entry for the parasite. Therefore, mucus covering these organs represents the first host effectors encountered by P. marinus. This study consisted of several experiments designed to investigate the effect of oyster pallial mucus on the growth, protease production and infectivity of P. marinus. In each experiment, P. marinus performance in cultures supplemented with pallial mucus (mantle, gill, or both) was compared to that of parasite cells grown in unsupplemented media or in cultures supplemented with oyster plasma or digestive extracts. P. marinus grown in media supplemented with C. virginica mantle mucus showed a significantly higher growth rate than cultures enriched with the other supplemental extracts, while cultures grown in gill mucus promoted higher protease production. Conversely, P. marinus grown in cultures supplemented with pallial mucus of the non-compatible host Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oyster) were dramatically inhibited. Challenge experiments showed a significant increase in P. marinus virulence in cultures supplemented with C. virginica pallial mucus as compared to unsupplemented cultures or to those supplemented with digestive extract or plasma. These results suggest that C. virginica mucus plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of P. marinus by enhancing the proliferation and the infectivity of this devastating parasite. The contrasting results obtained with both oyster species indicate that P. marinus host specificity may begin in the mucus.
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Early host-pathogen interactions in marine bivalves: evidence that the alveolate parasite Perkinsus marinus infects through the oyster mantle during rejection of pseudofeces. J Invertebr Pathol 2012; 113:26-34. [PMID: 23274079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2012.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Parasites have developed myriad strategies to reach and infect their specific hosts. One of the most common mechanisms for non-vector transmitted parasites to reach the internal host environment is by ingestion during feeding. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of oyster host colonization by the alveolate Perkinsus marinus and focused on how oysters process infective waterborne P. marinus cells during feeding in order to determine the portal(s) of entry of this parasite to its host. We also compared the infectivity of freely-suspended cells of P. marinus with that of cells incorporated into marine aggregates to link changes in particle processing by the feeding organs with infection success and route. Finally, we evaluated the effect of oyster secretions (mucus) covering the feeding organs on P. marinus physiology because these host factors are involved in the processing of waterborne particles. The ensemble of results shows a unique mechanism for infection by which the parasite is mostly acquired during the feeding process, but not via ingestion. Rather, infection commonly occurs during the rejection of material as pseudofeces before reaching the mouth. The pseudofeces discharge area, a specialized area of the mantle where unwanted particles are accumulated for rejection as pseudofeces, showed significantly higher parasite loads than other host tissues including other parts of the mantle. Aggregated P. marinus cells caused significantly higher disease prevalence and infection intensities when compared to freely-suspended parasite cells. Mucus covering the mantle caused a quick and significant increase in parasite replication rates suggesting rapid impact on P. marinus physiology. A new model for P. marinus acquisition in oysters is proposed.
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Escobedo-Lozano AY, Estrada N, Ascencio F, Contreras G, Alonso-Rodriguez R. Accumulation, biotransformation, histopathology and paralysis in the Pacific calico scallop Argopecten ventricosus by the paralyzing toxins of the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum. Mar Drugs 2012; 10:1044-1065. [PMID: 22822356 PMCID: PMC3397451 DOI: 10.3390/md10051044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum produces paralyzing shellfish poisons that are consumed and accumulated by bivalves. We performed short-term feeding experiments to examine ingestion, accumulation, biotransformation, histopathology, and paralysis in the juvenile Pacific calico scallop Argopecten ventricosus that consume this dinoflagellate. Depletion of algal cells was measured in closed systems. Histopathological preparations were microscopically analyzed. Paralysis was observed and the time of recovery recorded. Accumulation and possible biotransformation of toxins were measured by HPLC analysis. Feeding activity in treated scallops showed that scallops produced pseudofeces, ingestion rates decreased at 8 h; approximately 60% of the scallops were paralyzed and melanin production and hemocyte aggregation were observed in several tissues at 15 h. HPLC analysis showed that the only toxins present in the dinoflagellates and scallops were the N-sulfo-carbamoyl toxins (C1, C2); after hydrolysis, the carbamate toxins (epimers GTX2/3) were present. C1 and C2 toxins were most common in the mantle, followed by the digestive gland and stomach-complex, adductor muscle, kidney and rectum group, and finally, gills. Toxin profiles in scallop tissue were similar to the dinoflagellate; biotransformations were not present in the scallops in this short-term feeding experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amada Y. Escobedo-Lozano
- Laboratorio de Biotoxinas Marinas, Instituto de Ciencias del Mary Limnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Apdo. Postal 811, Mazatlan, Sinaloa 82040, Mexico;
- Departamento de Ingenieria Quimica-Bioquimica, Instituto Tecnologico de Mazatlan, Calle Corsario 1 No. 203, Col. Urias, Mazatlan, Sinaloa 82070, Mexico
| | - Norma Estrada
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Biofisica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Av. Instituto Politecnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City, D.F. 07300, Mexico; (N.E.); (G.C.)
- Departamento de Patologia Marina, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste, Mar Bermejo 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico;
| | - Felipe Ascencio
- Departamento de Patologia Marina, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste, Mar Bermejo 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico;
| | - Gerardo Contreras
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Biofisica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Av. Instituto Politecnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City, D.F. 07300, Mexico; (N.E.); (G.C.)
| | - Rosalba Alonso-Rodriguez
- Laboratorio de Biotoxinas Marinas, Instituto de Ciencias del Mary Limnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Apdo. Postal 811, Mazatlan, Sinaloa 82040, Mexico;
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +52-669-985-2845; Fax: +52-669-982-6133
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Suttisrisung S, Senapin S, Withyachumnarnkul B, Wongprasert K. Identification and characterization of a novel legume-like lectin cDNA sequence from the red marine algae Gracilaria fisheri. J Biosci 2012; 36:833-43. [PMID: 22116281 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-011-9144-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A legume-type lectin (L-Lectin) gene of the red algae Gracilaria fisheri (GFL) was cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The full-length cDNA of GFL was 1714 bp and contained a 1542 bp open reading frame encoding 513 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 56.5 kDa. Analysis of the putative amino acid sequence with NCBI-BLAST revealed a high homology (30-68%) with legume-type lectins (L-lectin) from Griffithsia japonica, Clavispora lusitaniae, Acyrthosiphon pisum, Tetraodon nigroviridis and Xenopus tropicalis. Phylogenetic relationship analysis showed the highest sequence identity to a glycoprotein of the red algae Griffithsia japonica (68%) (GenBank number AAM93989). Conserved Domain Database analysis detected an N-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD), the characteristic of L-lectins, which contained two sugar binding sites and a metal binding site. The secondary structure prediction of GFL showed a beta-sheet structure, connected with turn and coil. The most abundant structural element of GFL was the random coil, while the alpha-helixes were distributed at the N- and C-termini, and 21 beta-sheets were distributed in the CRD. Computer analysis of three-dimensional structure showed a common feature of L-lectins of GFL, which included an overall globular shape that was composed of a beta-sandwich of two anti-parallel beta-sheets, monosaccharide binding sites, were on the top of the structure and in proximity with a metal binding site. Northern blot analysis using a DIG-labelled probe derived from a partial GFL sequence revealed a hybridization signal of (approx.) 1.7 kb consistent with the length of the full-length GFL cDNA identified by RACE. No detectable band was observed from control total RNA extracted from filamentous green algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Suttisrisung
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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36
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Fasciola hepatica miracidia: lectin binding and stimulation of in vitro miracidium-to-sporocyst transformation. Acta Parasitol 2012; 57:46-52. [PMID: 22807013 DOI: 10.2478/s11686-012-0007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The lectin binding properties of Fasciola hepatica miracidia were studied by a panel of fluorescein- and gold-conjugated lectins (ConA, LCA, WGA, LEA, SBA, HPA and UEA-I). The presence of mannose and/or glucose residues was demonstrated with ConA and LCA as weak diffuse fluorescence of the miracidial surface, which was more intense at the anterior part of the larva. The N-acetylglucosamine-binding lectins WGA and LEA reacted intensely with the whole miracidial surface. No labelling with N-acetylgalactosamine and/or galactose-specific (SBA and HPA) and fucose-specific UEA-I lectins was observed. The possibility that the specific recognition of the miracidial surface carbohydrates by lectins may initiate the process of transformation of the miracidia into sporocysts was examined in vitro in physiological saline for Galba truncatula. Incubation in the presence of ConA and WGA resulted in facilitation of the transformation process. Facilitation was absent in the presence of inhibitor sugars. Incubation in the presence of SBA or UEA-I had no effect. The results suggested a possible impact of carbohydrate-lectin interactions in transformation of miracidia of F. hepatica to sporocysts in vivo.
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Jing X, Espinosa EP, Perrigault M, Allam B. Identification, molecular characterization and expression analysis of a mucosal C-type lectin in the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 30:851-858. [PMID: 21256965 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Revised: 01/07/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are well known to actively participate in the defense functions of vertebrates and invertebrates where they play an important role in the recognition of foreign particles. They have also been reported to be involved in other processes requiring carbohydrate-lectin interactions such as symbiosis or fertilization. In this study, we report a novel putative C-type lectin (CvML) from the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica and we investigated its involvement in oyster physiology. The cDNA of this lectin is 610 bp long encoding for a 161-residue protein. CvML presents a signal peptide and a single carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) which contains a YPD motif and two putative conserved sites, WID and DCM, for calcium binding. CvML transcripts were expressed in mucocytes lining the epithelium of the digestive gland and the pallial organs (mantle, gills, and labial palps) but were not detected in other tissues including hemocytes. Its expression was significantly up-regulated following starvation or bacterial bath exposure but not after injection of bacteria into oyster's adductor muscle. These results highlight the potential role of CvML in the interactions between oyster and waterborne microorganisms at the pallial interfaces with possible involvement in physiological functions such as particle capture or mucosal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Jing
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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Pales Espinosa E, Perrigault M, Allam B. Identification and molecular characterization of a mucosal lectin (MeML) from the blue mussel Mytilus edulis and its potential role in particle capture. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2010; 156:495-501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Revised: 04/02/2010] [Accepted: 04/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Espinosa EP, Hassan D, Ward JE, Shumway SE, Allam B. Role of epicellular molecules in the selection of particles by the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis. THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2010; 219:50-60. [PMID: 20813989 DOI: 10.1086/bblv219n1p50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This study provides evidence that the suspension-feeding blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, uses biochemical cues to recognize its food. We identified lectins in mucus from the gills and labial palps, two pallial organs involved in the feeding process. These compounds were able to agglutinate rabbit and horse erythrocytes (RBC) and several species of marine microalgae representing different families. Additionally, the agglutination of RBC and microalgae was inhibited by several carbohydrates (fetuin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and mannose-related residues), suggesting that a suite of lectins may be present in mucus from the gills and labial palps. Results from feeding experiments, using microspheres with tailored surfaces, demonstrated that mussels preferentially ingested microspheres coated with the neoglycoproteins glucosamide-BSA and mannopyranosylphenyl-BSA but rejected in pseudofeces microspheres coated with BSA alone. The positive selection for neoglycoprotein-coated microspheres was inhibited when mussels were pre-incubated in seawater containing a solution of the same neoglycoprotein. Two surface properties of the microspheres, charge and wettability, had little effect on the observed selection process. Our results, along with our previous findings for oysters, suggest a new concept for the mechanism of particle selection in bivalves and perhaps other suspension-feeding organisms. Specifically, the selection of particles involves interactions between epiparticulate carbohydrates and lectins in the mucus produced by feeding organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Pales Espinosa
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA.
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Espinosa EP, Perrigault M, Ward JE, Shumway SE, Allam B. Microalgal cell surface carbohydrates as recognition sites for particle sorting in suspension-feeding bivalves. THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2010; 218:75-86. [PMID: 20203255 DOI: 10.1086/bblv218n1p75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cell surface carbohydrates play important roles in cell recognition mechanisms. Recently, we provided evidence that particle selection by suspension-feeding bivalves can be mediated by interactions between carbohydrates associated with the particle surface and lectins present in mucus covering bivalve feeding organs. In this study, we used lectins tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to characterize carbohydrate moieties on the surface of microalgal species and evaluate the effect of oyster mucus on lectin binding. These analyses revealed that concanavalin A (Con A), one of six lectins tested, bound to Isochrysis sp., while Nitzschia closterium reacted with Pisum sativum agglutinin (PNA) and peanut agglutinin (PEA). The cell surface of Rhodomonas salina bound with PNA and Con A, and Tetraselmis maculata cell surface was characterized by binding with PNA, PEA, and Con A. Pre-incubation of microalgae with oyster pallial mucus significantly decreased the binding of FITC-labeled lectins, revealing that lectins present in mucus competitively blocked binding sites. This decrease was reversed by washing mucus-coated microalgae with specific carbohydrates. These results were used to design a feeding experiment to evaluate the effect of lectins on sorting of microalgae by oysters. Crassostrea virginica fed with an equal ratio of Con A-labeled Isochrysis sp. and unlabeled Isochrysis sp. produced pseudofeces that were significantly enriched in Con A-labeled Isochrysis sp. and depleted in unlabeled microalgae. Selection occurred even though two physical-chemical surface characteristics of the cells in each treatment did not differ significantly. This work confirms the involvement of carbohydrate-lectin interaction in the particle sorting mechanism in oysters, and provides insights into the carbohydrate specificity of lectins implicated in the selection of microalgal species.
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