1
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Qin W, Chandra J, Abourehab MAS, Gupta N, Chen ZS, Kesharwani P, Cao HL. New opportunities for RGD-engineered metal nanoparticles in cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:87. [PMID: 37226188 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01784-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of nanotechnology has opened new possibilities for bioimaging. Metal nanoparticles (such as gold, silver, iron, copper, etc.) hold tremendous potential and offer enormous opportunities for imaging and diagnostics due to their broad optical characteristics, ease of manufacturing technique, and simple surface modification. The arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) peptide is a three-amino acid sequence that seems to have a considerably greater ability to adhere to integrin adhesion molecules that exclusively express on tumour cells. RGD peptides act as the efficient tailoring ligand with a variety of benefits including non-toxicity, greater precision, rapid clearance, etc. This review focuses on the possibility of non-invasive cancer imaging using metal nanoparticles with RGD assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qin
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Jyoti Chandra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neelima Gupta
- Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, 470003, India
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Institute for Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical science, Chennai, India.
| | - Hui-Ling Cao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
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2
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He Z, Cheng J, Yan W, Long W, Ouyang H, Hu X, Liu M, Zhou N, Zhang X, Wei Y. One-step preparation of green tea ash derived and polymer functionalized carbon quantum dots via the thiol-ene click chemistry. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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3
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Ma Y, Cullen DA, Goodwill JM, Xu Q, More KL, Skowronski M. Exchange of Ions across the TiN/TaO x Interface during Electroformation of TaO x-Based Resistive Switching Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:27378-27385. [PMID: 32441092 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The valence change model describes the resistive switching in metal oxide-based devices as due to electroreduction of the oxide and subsequent electromigration of oxygen vacancies. Here, we present cross-sectional X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy elemental maps of Ta, O, N, and Ti in electroformed TiN/TaO2.0/TiN structures. O, N, and Ti were exchanged between the anode and the functional oxide in devices formed at high power (∼1 mW), but the exchange was below the detection limit at low power (<0.5 mW). All structures exhibit a similar Ta-enriched and O-depleted filament formed by the elemental segregation in the functional oxide by the temperature gradient. The elemental interchange is interpreted as due to Fick's diffusion caused by high temperatures in the gap of the filament and is not an essential part of electroformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhi Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - David A Cullen
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Jonathan M Goodwill
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Qiyun Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Karren L More
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Marek Skowronski
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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4
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Hu Y, Li H, Meng P, Li K, Xiong Y, Zhang S, Yang Y, Yin A, Huang P. Interactions between CdTe quantum dots and plasma proteins: Kinetics, thermodynamics and molecular structure changes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 189:110881. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.110881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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5
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Hao M, Liu R. Molecular mechanism of CAT and SOD activity change under MPA-CdTe quantum dots induced oxidative stress in the mouse primary hepatocytes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 220:117104. [PMID: 31141778 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are a unique class of nano-materials that have attractive potentials in biological and biomedical applications, and the concern on their biosafety is concomitantly increasing. The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is considered to be one of the reasons that induce the in vitro QDs induced toxic response. However, the exact molecular pathways underlying these effects remain poorly clarified and few studies combine the molecular results with the cellular results to explore the cytotoxic effect of QDs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) capped CdTe QDs on the structures and functions of two antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT) superoxide dismutase (SOD), and then associated with the cytotoxic effects of oxidative stress induced by MPA-CdTe QDs on mouse hepatocytes to define the toxic underlying mechanism. The molecular experiment results showed that the exposure of QDs significantly changed the conformation of CAT and SOD, and leading to the promotion of molecular CAT activity and the inhibition of molecular SOD activity. Meanwhile, the cellular experiment results demonstrated that exposure to QDs changed the activities of CAT and SOD in mouse primary hepatocytes, led to the break of redox balance and resulted in the oxidative stress and cell apoptosis. This study explores the effects of MPA- CdTe QDs to the CAT and SOD molecules and then demonstrates the subsequent QDs toxic effects at a cellular level, revealing their potential risk in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglu Hao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China -America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Rutao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China -America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China.
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6
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Hao M, Liu R. Conformational and functional effects of MPA-CdTe quantum dots on SOD: Evaluating the mechanism of oxidative stress induced by quantum dots in the mouse nephrocytes. J Mol Recognit 2019; 32:e2783. [PMID: 31044464 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The application of quantum dots (QDs) is restricted by the biosafety issue. QDs contribute to the adverse effects of organisms probably because of the ability to induce oxidative stress via changing the activity of antioxidant enzyme, for example, superoxide dismutase (SOD). But the underlying molecular mechanisms still remain unclear. This study investigated the harmful effects of oxidative stress induced by mercaptopropionic acid capped CdTe QDs (MPA-CdTe QDs) on the mouse primary nephrocytes as well as the structure and function of SOD molecule and explored the underlying molecular mechanism. After 24-hour MPA-CdTe QD exposure, the activation level of extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) signaling pathway and cysteinyl-directed aspartate-specific proteases (Caspases) significantly increased, which led to the increasing level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell apoptosis; the group pretreated with ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) significantly reduced the apoptotic cell percentage, indicating that ROS played a critical role in QD-induced cytotoxicity. Further molecular experiments showed that the interacting processes between the MPA-CdTe QDs and SOD were spontaneous which changed the conformation, secondary structure of SOD. The interaction significantly resulted in the tightening of polypeptide chains and the shrinkage of SOD, leading to the inhibition of molecular SOD activity. This study demonstrates the adverse effects of QDs, revealing their potential risk in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglu Hao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment and Health, Qingdao, China
| | - Rutao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment and Health, Qingdao, China
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7
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Selvaraj J, Mahesh A, Baskaralingam V, Dhayalan A, Paramasivam T. Organic-to-water dispersible Mn:ZnS–ZnS doped core–shell quantum dots: synthesis, characterization and their application towards optical bioimaging and a turn-off fluorosensor. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02222h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dot-in-dot core/shell Mn:ZnS/ZnS QDs as a good fluorescent agent for bioimaging and a turn-off fluorescent probe for detection of heavy metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joicy Selvaraj
- Centre for Nanoscience and Technology
- Pondicherry University
- Puducherry – 605 014
- India
| | - Arun Mahesh
- Department of Biotechnology
- Pondicherry University
- Puducherry – 605 014
- India
| | | | - Arunkumar Dhayalan
- Department of Biotechnology
- Pondicherry University
- Puducherry – 605 014
- India
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8
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Del Bonis-O’Donnell JT, Chio L, Dorlhiac GF, McFarlane IR, Landry MP. Advances in Nanomaterials for Brain Microscopy. NANO RESEARCH 2018; 11:5144-5172. [PMID: 31105899 PMCID: PMC6516768 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-018-2145-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Microscopic imaging of the brain continues to reveal details of its structure, connectivity, and function. To further improve our understanding of the emergent properties and functions of neural circuits, new methods are necessary to directly visualize the relationship between brain structure, neuron activity, and neurochemistry. Advances in engineering the chemical and optical properties of nanomaterials concurrent with developments in deep-tissue microscopy hold tremendous promise for overcoming the current challenges associated with in vivo brain imaging, particularly for imaging the brain through optically-dense brain tissue, skull, and scalp. To this end, developments in nanomaterials offer much promise toward implementing tunable chemical functionality for neurochemical targeting and sensing, and fluorescence stability for long-term imaging. In this review, we summarize current brain microscopy methods and describe the diverse classes of nanomaterials recently leveraged as contrast agents and functional probes for microscopic optical imaging of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda Chio
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Gabriel F Dorlhiac
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Ian R McFarlane
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Markita P Landry
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI), Berkeley, CA 94720
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, QB3, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158
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9
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Mangeolle T, Yakavets I, Marchal S, Debayle M, Pons T, Bezdetnaya L, Marchal F. Fluorescent Nanoparticles for the Guided Surgery of Ovarian Peritoneal Carcinomatosis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E572. [PMID: 30050022 PMCID: PMC6116267 DOI: 10.3390/nano8080572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Complete surgical resection is the ideal cure for ovarian peritoneal carcinomatosis, but remains challenging. Fluorescent guided surgery can be a promising approach for precise cytoreduction when appropriate fluorophore is used. In the presence paper, we review already developed near- and short-wave infrared fluorescent nanoparticles, which are currently under investigation for peritoneal carcinomatosis fluorescence imaging. We also highlight the main ways to improve the safety of nanoparticles, for fulfilling prerequisites of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Mangeolle
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillette, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
- Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 6 avenue de Bourgogne, 54519 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Ilya Yakavets
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillette, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
- Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 6 avenue de Bourgogne, 54519 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Belarusian State University, 4 Nezavisimosti Avenue, 220030 Minsk, Belarus.
| | - Sophie Marchal
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillette, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
- Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 6 avenue de Bourgogne, 54519 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Manon Debayle
- LPEM, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Thomas Pons
- LPEM, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Lina Bezdetnaya
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillette, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
- Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 6 avenue de Bourgogne, 54519 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Frédéric Marchal
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillette, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
- Surgical Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 6 avenue de Bourgogne, 54519 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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10
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Meng P, Xiong Y, Wu Y, Hu Y, Wang H, Pang Y, Jiang S, Han S, Huang P. A novel strategy to evaluate the degradation of quantum dots: identification and quantification of CdTe quantum dots and corresponding ionic species by CZE-ICP-MS. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5342-5345. [PMID: 29740645 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01974f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In view of the significance and urgency of the speciation analysis of quantum dots (QDs) and their degradation products for clarifying their degradation rules and toxicity mechanisms, a method for the identification and quantification of CdTe QDs and corresponding ionic species in complex matrices was developed using capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) coupled to inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The quality assessment of commercial CdTe QDs and serum pharmacokinetics of synthesized CdTe QDs in rats were successfully undertaken using the developed CZE-ICP-MS method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijun Meng
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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11
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Rana K, Verma Y, Rani V, Rana SVS. Renal toxicity of nanoparticles of cadmium sulphide in rat. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 193:142-150. [PMID: 29128560 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
During present investigations, renal toxicity of CdSNPs (cadmium sulphide nanoparticles) (ranged 5-9 nm) was estimated in rat employing specific parameters. Treatment on each alternate day for 45 days with CdSNPs (10 mg/kg b.w.) yielded significant increase in Cd-MT (cadmium metallothionein), lipid peroxidation and H2O2 generation in the kidney of rat in comparison to bulk cadmium. Concentration of creatinine also increased in urine of CdSNPs treated rats. Histopathological observations revealed extensive damage in proximal tubules. Ultrastructural studies showed mitochondrial, nuclear and ER (endoplasmic reticulum) changes. Finally, renal toxicity of CdSNPs was confirmed by loss of alkaline phosphatase from the brush border of proximal convoluted tubules. These observations conclude that CdSNPs manifest greater toxicity in kidney than cadmium sulphide bulk particles. These effects have been attributed to their specific physicochemical properties, greater potential to generate ROS and induction of oxidative stress and impairment of renal structure and function. Present observations suggest that commercial/industrial use of CdSNPs may pose serious renal health problems in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Rana
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology/Toxicology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250004, India
| | - Yeshvandra Verma
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology/Toxicology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250004, India
| | - Varsha Rani
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology/Toxicology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250004, India
| | - Suresh Vir Singh Rana
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology/Toxicology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250004, India.
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12
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Tang H, Yang ST, Ke DM, Yang YF, Liu JH, Chen X, Wang H, Liu Y. Biological behaviors and chemical fates of Ag 2Se quantum dots in vivo: the effect of surface chemistry. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2017; 6:693-704. [PMID: 30090536 PMCID: PMC6060738 DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00137a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ag2Se quantum dots (QDs) are novel fluorescent probes in the second near-infrared window with great imaging quality and biocompatibility. Surface modification is an essential step to disperse Ag2Se QDs into biological fluids, and endow Ag2Se QDs with diverse surface chemistry. However, the effect of surface chemistry on the biological behaviors and chemical fates of Ag2Se QDs has not been studied, which hinders the design of suitable Ag2Se QDs for biomedical applications. Here, the distribution, degradation, excretion and toxicity of 2-aminoethanethiol and mercaptopropionic acid coated Ag2Se QDs (denoted as QDs-MEA and QDs-MPA, respectively) were systematically investigated in mice for a 28-day observation period after a single intravenous injection. Ag2Se QDs with different surface chemistries displayed similar trends in all observations, such as fast blood clearance, main uptake in the liver and spleen, severe biotransformation, Ag excretion through feces, and low toxicity. The major different behaviors observed were the partially pulmonary deposition, the faster transformation at the initial stage, the lower excretion percentage, and the more obvious damage to the liver by QDs-MEA compared to QDs-MPA. The surface chemistry of Ag2Se QDs regulated their biological behaviors and chemical fates in vivo, and surface chemistry should be fully regarded when designing Ag2Se QDs for biomedical applications from the biosafety perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Department of Chemical Biology , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China .
| | - Sheng-Tao Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environment Protection Engineering , Southwest Minzu University , Chengdu 610041 , China .
| | - Da-Ming Ke
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology , Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444 , China .
| | - Yi-Fan Yang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology , Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444 , China .
| | - Jia-Hui Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of BioProcess , College of Life Science and Technology , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Xing Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Department of Chemical Biology , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China .
| | - Haifang Wang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology , Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444 , China .
| | - Yuanfang Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Department of Chemical Biology , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China .
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology , Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444 , China .
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13
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Wang M, Wang J, Sun H, Han S, Feng S, Shi L, Meng P, Li J, Huang P, Sun Z. Time-dependent toxicity of cadmium telluride quantum dots on liver and kidneys in mice: histopathological changes with elevated free cadmium ions and hydroxyl radicals. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:2319-28. [PMID: 27307732 PMCID: PMC4887118 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s103489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A complete understanding of the toxicological behavior of quantum dots (QDs) in vivo is of great importance and a prerequisite for their application in humans. In contrast with the numerous cytotoxicity studies investigating QDs, only a few in vivo studies of QDs have been reported, and the issue remains controversial. Our study aimed to understand QD-mediated toxicity across different time points and to explore the roles of free cadmium ions (Cd2+) and hydroxyl radicals (·OH) in tissue damage. Male ICR mice were administered a single intravenous dose (1.5 µmol/kg) of CdTe QDs, and liver and kidney function and morphology were subsequently examined at 1, 7, 14, and 28 days. Furthermore, ·OH production in the tissue was quantified by trapping · OH with salicylic acid (SA) as 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA) and detecting it using a high-performance liquid chromatography fluorescence method. We used the induction of tissue metallothionein levels and 2,3-DHBA:SA ratios as markers for elevated Cd2+ from the degradation of QDs and ·OH generation in the tissue, respectively. Our experimental results revealed that the QD-induced histopathological changes were time-dependent with elevated Cd2+ and ·OH, and could recover after a period of time. The Cd2+ and ·OH exhibited delayed effects in terms of histopathological abnormalities. Histological assessments performed at multiple time points might facilitate the evaluation of the biological safety of QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jilong Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hubo Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sihai Han
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Feng
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Shi
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peijun Meng
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peili Huang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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14
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Byber K, Lison D, Verougstraete V, Dressel H, Hotz P. Cadmium or cadmium compounds and chronic kidney disease in workers and the general population: a systematic review. Crit Rev Toxicol 2015; 46:191-240. [DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2015.1076375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Hondow N, Brown MR, Starborg T, Monteith AG, Brydson R, Summers HD, Rees P, Brown A. Quantifying the cellular uptake of semiconductor quantum dot nanoparticles by analytical electron microscopy. J Microsc 2015; 261:167-76. [PMID: 25762522 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dot nanoparticles are in demand as optical biomarkers yet the cellular uptake process is not fully understood; quantification of numbers and the fate of internalized particles are still to be achieved. We have focussed on the characterization of cellular uptake of quantum dots using a combination of analytical electron microscopies because of the spatial resolution available to examine uptake at the nanoparticle level, using both imaging to locate particles and spectroscopy to confirm identity. In this study, commercially available quantum dots, CdSe/ZnS core/shell particles coated in peptides to target cellular uptake by endocytosis, have been investigated in terms of the agglomeration state in typical cell culture media, the traverse of particle agglomerates across U-2 OS cell membranes during endocytosis, the merging of endosomal vesicles during incubation of cells and in the correlation of imaging flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy to measure the final nanoparticle dose internalized by the U-2 OS cells. We show that a combination of analytical transmission electron microscopy and serial block face scanning electron microscopy can provide a comprehensive description of the internalization of an initial exposure dose of nanoparticles by an endocytically active cell population and how the internalized, membrane bound nanoparticle load is processed by the cells. We present a stochastic model of an endosome merging process and show that this provides a data-driven modelling framework for the prediction of cellular uptake of engineered nanoparticles in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Hondow
- Institute for Materials Research, School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - M Rowan Brown
- Centre for Nanohealth, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, UK
| | - Tobias Starborg
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Rik Brydson
- Institute for Materials Research, School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Huw D Summers
- Centre for Nanohealth, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, UK
| | - Paul Rees
- Centre for Nanohealth, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, UK
| | - Andy Brown
- Institute for Materials Research, School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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16
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Tang R, Xue J, Xu B, Shen D, Sudlow GP, Achilefu S. Tunable ultrasmall visible-to-extended near-infrared emitting silver sulfide quantum dots for integrin-targeted cancer imaging. ACS NANO 2015; 9:220-30. [PMID: 25560768 PMCID: PMC4310643 DOI: 10.1021/nn5071183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The large size of many near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent nanoparticles prevents rapid extravasation from blood vessels and subsequent diffusion to tumors. This confines in vivo uptake to the peritumoral space and results in high liver retention. In this study, we developed a viscosity modulated approach to synthesize ultrasmall silver sulfide quantum dots (QDs) with distinct tunable light emission from 500 to 1200 nm and a QD core diameter between 1.5 and 9 nm. Conjugation of a tumor-avid cyclic pentapeptide (Arg-Gly-Asp-DPhe-Lys) resulted in monodisperse, water-soluble QDs (hydrodynamic diameter < 10 nm) without loss of the peptide's high binding affinity to tumor-associated integrins (KI = 1.8 nM/peptide). Fluorescence and electron microscopy showed that selective integrin-mediated internalization was observed only in cancer cells treated with the peptide-labeled QDs, demonstrating that the unlabeled hydrophilic nanoparticles exhibit characteristics of negatively charged fluorescent dye molecules, which typically do not internalize in cells. The biodistribution profiles of intravenously administered QDs in different mouse models of cancer reveal an exceptionally high tumor-to-liver uptake ratio, suggesting that the small sized QDs evaded conventional opsonization and subsequent high uptake in the liver and spleen. The seamless tunability of the QDs over a wide spectral range with only a small increase in size, as well as the ease of labeling the bright and noncytotoxic QDs with biomolecules, provides a platform for multiplexing information, tracking the trafficking of single molecules in cells, and selectively targeting disease biomarkers in living organisms without premature QD opsonization in circulating blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tang
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Jianpeng Xue
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Baogang Xu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Duanwen Shen
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Gail P. Sudlow
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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17
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Nair AV, Keliher EJ, Core AB, Brown D, Weissleder R. Characterizing the interactions of organic nanoparticles with renal epithelial cells in vivo. ACS NANO 2015; 9:3641-53. [PMID: 25790730 PMCID: PMC4414893 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b00428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology approaches are actively being pursued for drug delivery, novel diagnostics, implantable devices, and consumer products. While considerable research has been performed on the effects of these materials on targeted tumor or phagocytic cells, relatively little is known about their effects on renal cells. This becomes critical for supersmall nanoparticles (<10 nm), designed to be renally excreted. The active endocytic machinery of kidney proximal tubules avidly internalizes filtered proteins, which may also be the case for filtered nanoparticles. To test whether such interactions affect kidney function, we injected mice with either 5 nm dextran-based nanoparticles (DNP) that are similar in composition to FDA-approved materials or poly(amido amine) dendrimer nanoparticles (PNP) of comparable size. These fluorescently tagged nanoparticles were both filtered and internalized by renal tubular epithelial cells in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. The biological effects were quantitated by immunocytochemistry, measuring kidney injury markers and performing functional tests. DNP administration resulted in a dose-dependent increase in urinary output, while cellular albumin endocytosis was increased. The expression of megalin, a receptor involved in albumin uptake, was also increased, but AQP1 expression was unaffected. The effects after PNP administration were similar but additionally resulted in increased clathrin expression and increased endocytosis of dextran. We conclude that there are no major detrimental renal effects of DNP on overall kidney function, but changes in endocytosis-mediating protein expression do occur. These studies provide a framework for the testing of additional nanoparticle preparations as they become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil V Nair
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Program in Membrane Biology, Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114 United States
| | - Edmund J. Keliher
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Amanda B Core
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Program in Membrane Biology, Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114 United States
| | - Dennis Brown
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Program in Membrane Biology, Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114 United States
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Corresponding Author Ralph Weissleder Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 5206, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
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18
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Silva ACA, Silva MJB, da Luz FAC, Silva DP, de Deus SLV, Dantas NO. Controlling the cytotoxicity of CdSe magic-sized quantum dots as a function of surface defect density. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:5452-7. [PMID: 25162369 DOI: 10.1021/nl5028028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots are potentially very useful as fluorescent probes in biological systems. However, they are inherently cytotoxic because of their constituents. We controlled the cytotoxicity of CdSe magic-sized quantum dots (MSQDs) as a function of surface defect density by altering selenium (Se) concentration during synthesis. Higher Se concentrations reduced the cytotoxicity of the CdSe MSQDs and diminished mRNA expression of methallothionein because of the low cadmium ions (Cd(2+)) concentration adsorbed on the surface of the MSQDs. These results agree with luminescence spectra, which show that higher Se concentrations decrease the density of surface defects. Therefore, our results describe for the first time a simple way of controlling the cytotoxicity of CdSe MSQDs and making them safer to use as fluorescence probes in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anielle Christine Almeida Silva
- Laboratório de Novos Materiais Isolantes e Semicondutores (LNMIS), Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia , Uberlândia, Brazil
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19
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Heine M, Bartelt A, Bruns OT, Bargheer D, Giemsa A, Freund B, Scheja L, Waurisch C, Eychmüller A, Reimer R, Weller H, Nielsen P, Heeren J. The cell-type specific uptake of polymer-coated or micelle-embedded QDs and SPIOs does not provoke an acute pro-inflammatory response in the liver. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:1432-1440. [PMID: 25247125 PMCID: PMC4168844 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots (QD) and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals (SPIO) have exceptional physical properties that are well suited for biomedical applications in vitro and in vivo. For future applications, the direct injection of nanocrystals for imaging and therapy represents an important entry route into the human body. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate biological responses of the body to nanocrystals to avoid harmful side effects. In recent years, we established a system to embed nanocrystals with a hydrophobic oleic acid shell either by lipid micelles or by the amphiphilic polymer poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene) (PMAOD). The goal of the current study is to investigate the uptake processes as well as pro-inflammatory responses in the liver after the injection of these encapsulated nanocrystals. By immunofluorescence and electron microscopy studies using wild type mice, we show that 30 min after injection polymer-coated nanocrystals are primarily taken up by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. In contrast, by using wild type, Ldlr (-/-) as well as Apoe (-/-) mice we show that nanocrystals embedded within lipid micelles are internalized by Kupffer cells and, in a process that is dependent on the LDL receptor and apolipoprotein E, by hepatocytes. Gene expression analysis of pro-inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) or chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (Cxcl10) indicated that 48 h after injection internalized nanocrystals did not provoke pro-inflammatory pathways. In conclusion, internalized nanocrystals at least in mouse liver cells, namely endothelial cells, Kupffer cells and hepatocytes are at least not acutely associated with potential adverse side effects, underlining their potential for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Heine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Bartelt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Genetics and Complex Disease, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, 02115 MA, USA
| | - Oliver T Bruns
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Denise Bargheer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Artur Giemsa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Freund
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ludger Scheja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Waurisch
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Technical University of Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Eychmüller
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Technical University of Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Rudolph Reimer
- Department of Electron Microscopy and Micro Technology, Heinrich-Pette Institute, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Horst Weller
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Nielsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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20
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Muthiah M, Park SH, Nurunnabi M, Lee J, Lee YK, Park H, Lee BI, Min JJ, Park IK. Intracellular delivery and activation of the genetically encoded photosensitizer Killer Red by quantum dots encapsulated in polymeric micelles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 116:284-94. [PMID: 24495459 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We have prepared polymeric micelle-encapsulating quantum dots (QDots) for delivering the optically activatable protein Killer Red (KR) as a plasmid to cancer cells. QDots absorb light at a lower wavelength and emit light at a higher wavelength in the cell cytoplasm, activating the expressed KR. Once activated, KR triggers the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We prepared cadmium selenide (CdSe)/zinc sulphide (ZnS) QDots and evaluated their optical properties. Subsequently, we performed morphology studies, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and measurements of particle size and surface charge of prepared QDots encapsulated in PHEA-g-PEG-bPEI (PPP-QDot). Cellular uptake of PPP-QDot and PPP-QDot/KR nanoparticles was confirmed using confocal microscopy, and the cellular toxicity and transfection efficiency associated with uptake of PPP-QDot/KR nanoparticles were analyzed. KR expression in normal cells and cancer cells was confirmed using confocal microscopy and Western blotting. Cellular morphologies before and after intracellular activation of KR were observed using phase contrast, fluorescence, and confocal microscopy. Cell fate after exposure to blue light-emitting diode lighting was determined using apoptosis staining and a cell proliferation assay, confirming a suppression in proliferation and a reduction in metabolic activity. We determined that ROS generation contributed to cellular damage after treatment with PPP-QDot/KR nanoparticles and blue light exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthunarayanan Muthiah
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-746, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Park
- Department of Nuclear medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Nurunnabi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungbuk 380-702, South Korea
| | - Jooyoung Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungbuk 380-702, South Korea
| | - Yong-Kyu Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungbuk 380-702, South Korea
| | - Hansoo Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, South Korea
| | - Byeong-Il Lee
- Medical Photonics Research Center, Korea Photonics Research Center, Buk-go, Gwangju 507-779, South Korea
| | - Jung-Joon Min
- Department of Nuclear medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-746, South Korea.
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21
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Chen JK, Ho CC, Chang H, Lin JF, Yang CS, Tsai MH, Tsai HT, Lin P. Particulate nature of inhaled zinc oxide nanoparticles determines systemic effects and mechanisms of pulmonary inflammation in mice. Nanotoxicology 2014; 9:43-53. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.886740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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22
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L'Azou B, Passagne I, Mounicou S, Tréguer-Delapierre M, Puljalté I, Szpunar J, Lobinski R, Ohayon-Courtès C. Comparative cytotoxicity of cadmium forms (CdCl2, CdO, CdS micro- and nanoparticles) in renal cells. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tx50063b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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23
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Sensitive Single Particle Method for Characterizing Rapid Rotational and Translational Diffusion and Aspect Ratio of Anisotropic Nanoparticles and Its Application in Immunoassays. Anal Chem 2013; 85:9433-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac4023956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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24
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Liu N, Mu Y, Chen Y, Sun H, Han S, Wang M, Wang H, Li Y, Xu Q, Huang P, Sun Z. Degradation of aqueous synthesized CdTe/ZnS quantum dots in mice: differential blood kinetics and biodistribution of cadmium and tellurium. Part Fibre Toxicol 2013; 10:37. [PMID: 23915017 PMCID: PMC3750282 DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-10-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Quantum dots (QDs) have been used as novel fluorescent nanoprobes for various bioapplications. The degradation of QDs, and consequent release of free cadmium ions, have been suggested to be the causes of their overall toxicity. However, in contrast to sufficient investigations regarding the biological fate of QDs, a paucity of studies have reported their chemical fate in vivo. Therefore, the overall aim of our study was to understand the chemical fate of QDs in vivo and explore analytical techniques or methods that could be used to define the chemical fate of QDs in vivo. Methods Male ICR mice were administered a single intravenous dose (0.2 μmol/kg) of aqueous synthesized CdTe/ZnS aqQDs. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to simultaneously measure the concentrations of cadmium (Cd) and tellurium (Te) in the blood and tissues over the course of a 28 day period. We compared the blood kinetic parameters and biodistributions of Cd and Te, and used the molar ratio of Cd:Te as a marker for QDs degradation. Results Cd and Te display different blood kinetics and biodistribution profiles. The Cd:Te ratio in the blood did not vary significantly within the first hour compared with intact CdTe/ZnS aqQDs. The Cd:Te ratio decreased gradually over time from the 6 h time point on. Cd accumulated in the liver, kidneys, and spleen. Te was distributed primarily to the kidneys. Sharp time-dependent increases in the Cd:Te ratio were found in liver tissues. Conclusions QDs can undergo degradation in vivo. In vitro, QDs are chemically stable and do not elicit the same biological responses or consequences as they do in vivo. Our methods might provide valuable information regarding the degradation of QDs in vivo and may enable the design and development of QDs for biological and biomedical applications.
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25
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Ladhar C, Geffroy B, Cambier S, Treguer-Delapierre M, Durand E, Brèthes D, Bourdineaud JP. Impact of dietary cadmium sulphide nanoparticles on Danio rerio zebrafish at very low contamination pressure. Nanotoxicology 2013; 8:676-85. [PMID: 23883150 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2013.822116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
To address the impact of cadmium sulphide nanoparticles (CdSNPs) of two different sizes (8 and 50 nm), Danio rerio zebrafish were dietary exposed to very low doses: 100 or 40 ng CdSNPs/day/g body weight for 36 or 60 days, respectively. The results obtained using RAPD-PCR genotoxicity test showed genomic alteration since the number of hybridisation sites of the RAPD probes was significantly modified after CdSNPs exposure. In addition, selected stress response genes were either repressed or upregulated in tissues of CdSNPs-exposed fish. Mitochondrial dysfunction was also caused by the presence of CdSNPs in food. Cadmium accumulation in fish tissues (brain and muscles) could only be observed after 60 days of exposure. CdSNPs toxicity was dependent on their size and concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiraz Ladhar
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5805, Arcachon Marine Station , Place du Dr Peyneau, 33120 Arcachon , France
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26
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Summers HD, Brown MR, Holton MD, Tonkin JA, Hondow N, Brown AP, Brydson R, Rees P. Quantification of nanoparticle dose and vesicular inheritance in proliferating cells. ACS NANO 2013; 7:6129-37. [PMID: 23773085 PMCID: PMC3722614 DOI: 10.1021/nn4019619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Assessing dose in nanoparticle-cell interactions is inherently difficult due to a complex multiplicity of possible mechanisms and metrics controlling particle uptake. The fundamental unit of nanoparticle dose is the number of particles internalized per cell; we show that this can be obtained for large cell populations that internalize fluorescent nanoparticles by endocytosis, through calibration of cytometry measurements to transmission electron microscopy data. Low-throughput, high-resolution electron imaging of quantum dots in U-2 OS cells is quantified and correlated with high-throughput, low-resolution optical imaging of the nanoparticle-loaded cells. From the correlated data, we obtain probability distribution functions of vesicles per cell and nanoparticles per vesicle. Sampling of these distributions and comparison to fluorescence intensity histograms from flow cytometry provide the calibration factor required to transform the cytometry metric to total particle dose per cell, the mean value of which is 2.4 million. Use of the probability distribution functions to analyze particle partitioning during cell division indicates that, while vesicle inheritance is near symmetric, highly variable vesicle loading leads to a highly asymmetric particle dose within the daughter cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huw D Summers
- Centre for Nanohealth, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom.
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27
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Luo YH, Wu SB, Wei YH, Chen YC, Tsai MH, Ho CC, Lin SY, Yang CS, Lin P. Cadmium-Based Quantum Dot Induced Autophagy Formation for Cell Survival via Oxidative Stress. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:662-73. [DOI: 10.1021/tx300455k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Hsia Luo
- Division of Environmental Health
and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shi-Bei Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yau-Huei Wei
- School of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan,
Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ching Chen
- Center
for Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan,
Republic of China
| | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- Division of Environmental Health
and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chia-Chi Ho
- Division of Environmental Health
and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shu-Yi Lin
- Center
for Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan,
Republic of China
| | - Chung-Shi Yang
- Center
for Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan,
Republic of China
| | - Pinpin Lin
- Division of Environmental Health
and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, Republic of China
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28
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Sharma S, Rais A, Sandhu R, Nel W, Ebadi M. Clinical significance of metallothioneins in cell therapy and nanomedicine. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:1477-88. [PMID: 23620664 PMCID: PMC3633583 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s42019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian metallothioneins (MTs) are low molecular weight (6–7 kDa) cysteine-rich proteins that are specifically induced by metal nanoparticles (NPs). MT induction in cell therapy may provide better protection by serving as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic agents, and by augmenting zinc-mediated transcriptional regulation of genes involved in cell proliferation and differentiation. Liposome-encapsulated MT-1 promoter has been used extensively to induce growth hormone or other genes in culture and gene-manipulated animals. MTs are induced as a defensive mechanism in chronic inflammatory conditions including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and infections, hence can serve as early and sensitive biomarkers of environmental safety and effectiveness of newly developed NPs for clinical applications. Microarray analysis has indicated that MTs are significantly induced in drug resistant cancers and during radiation treatment. Nutritional stress and environmental toxins (eg, kainic acid and domoic acid) induce MTs and aggregation of multilamellar electron-dense membrane stacks (Charnoly body) due to mitochondrial degeneration. MTs enhance mitochondrial bioenergetics of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide–ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex-1), a rate-limiting enzyme complex involved in the oxidative phosphorylation. Monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors (eg, selegiline) inhibit α-synuclein nitration, implicated in Lewy body formation, and inhibit 1-methyl 4-phenylpyridinium and 3-morpholinosydnonimine-induced apoptosis in cultured human dopaminergic neurons and mesencephalic fetal stem cells. MTs as free radical scavengers inhibit Charnoly body formation and neurodegenerative α-synucleinopathies, hence Charnoly body formation and α-synuclein index may be used as early and sensitive biomarkers to assess NP effectiveness and toxicity to discover better drug delivery and surgical interventions. Furthermore, pharmacological interventions augmenting MTs may facilitate the theranostic potential of NP-labeled cells and other therapeutic agents. These unique characteristics of MTs might be helpful in the synthesis, characterization, and functionalization of emerging NPs for theranostic applications. This report highlights the clinical significance of MTs and their versatility as early, sensitive biomarkers in cell-based therapy and nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Sharma
- Saint James School of Medicine, Bonaire, The Netherlands
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29
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Yokel R, Grulke E, MacPhail R. Metal-based nanoparticle interactions with the nervous system: the challenge of brain entry and the risk of retention in the organism. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 5:346-73. [PMID: 23568784 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This review of metal-based nanoparticles focuses on factors influencing their distribution into the nervous system, evidence they enter brain parenchyma, and nervous system responses. Gold is emphasized as a model metal-based nanoparticle and for risk assessment in the companion review. The anatomy and physiology of the nervous system, basics of colloid chemistry, and environmental factors that influence what cells see are reviewed to provide background on the biological, physical-chemical, and internal milieu factors that influence nervous system nanoparticle uptake. The results of literature searches reveal little nanoparticle research included the nervous system, which about equally involved in vitro and in vivo methods, and very few human studies. The routes of uptake into the nervous system and mechanisms of nanoparticle uptake by cells are presented with examples. Brain nanoparticle uptake inversely correlates with size. The influence of shape has not been reported. Surface charge has not been clearly shown to affect flux across the blood-brain barrier. There is very little evidence for metal-based nanoparticle distribution into brain parenchyma. Metal-based nanoparticle disruption of the blood-brain barrier and adverse brain changes have been shown, and are more pronounced for spheres than rods. Study concentrations need to be put in exposure contexts. Work with dorsal root ganglion cells and brain cells in vitro show the potential for metal-based nanoparticles to produce toxicity. Interpretation of these results must consider the ability of nanoparticles to distribute across the barriers protecting the nervous system. Effects of the persistence of poorly soluble metal-based nanoparticles are of particular concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Yokel
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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30
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Su CK, Sun YC. Chemically differentiating ascorbate-mediated dissolution of quantum dots in cell culture media. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:2073-9. [PMID: 23377100 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr33365a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the dynamic dissolution of quantum dots (QDs) in cell culture media, in this study we constructed an online automatic analytical system comprising a sequential in-tube solid phase extraction (SPE) device and an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) mass spectrometer. By means of selectively extracting QDs and cadmium ions (Cd(2+)) onto the interior surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tube, this novel SPE device could be used to determine the degree of QD dissolution through a simple adjustment of sample acidity. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to exploit PTFE tubing as a selective SPE adsorbent for the online chemical differentiation of QDs and Cd(2+) ions with the goal of monitoring the phenomenon of QD dissolution in complicated biological matrices. We confirmed the analytical reliability of this system through comparison of the measured Cd-to-QD ratios to the expected values. When analyzing QDs and Cd(2+) ions at picomolar levels, a temporal resolution of 8 min was required to load sufficient amounts of the analytes to meet the sensitivity requirements of the ICP mass spectrometer. To demonstrate the practicability of this developed method, we measured the dynamic variations in the Cd-to-QD705 ratio in the presence of ascorbate as a physiological stimulant to generate reactive oxygen species in cell culture media and trigger the dissolution of QDs; our results suggest that the ascorbate-induced QD dissolution was dependent on the time, treatment concentration, and nature of the biomolecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Kuan Su
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
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31
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Loginova YF, Kazachkina NI, Zherdeva VV, Rusanov AL, Shirmanova MV, Zagaynova EV, Sergeeva EA, Dezhurov SV, Wakstein MS, Savitsky AP. Biodistribution of intact fluorescent CdSe/CdS/ZnS quantum dots coated by mercaptopropionic acid after intravenous injection into mice. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2012; 5:848-859. [PMID: 23109471 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201200124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots (QD) have been widely used for fluorescent bioimaging. However their biosafety has attracted increasing attention, since the data about their in vivo behavior in biological systems are still limited. In this paper we have investigated the short- and long-term biodistribution of intact fluorescent CdSe/CdS/ZnS QD coated by 3-mercaptopropionic acid in mice. The results showed that intravenously injected QD accumulated mainly in the lungs, liver and spleen and were retained in these tissues for over 22 days. QD caused signs of acute toxicity in mice including death. The investigated QD possibly caused vascular thrombosis. The results of a toxicological assay indicated that some histopathological changes occurred in the lung tissue after the injection of QD. Our study highlights the need for careful evaluation of QD safety before their use in biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana F Loginova
- A N Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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32
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Physiological behavior of quantum dots. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 4:620-37. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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33
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Baba K, Nishida K. Single-molecule tracking in living cells using single quantum dot applications. Theranostics 2012; 2:655-67. [PMID: 22896768 PMCID: PMC3418928 DOI: 10.7150/thno.3890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Revealing the behavior of single molecules in living cells is very useful for understanding cellular events. Quantum dot probes are particularly promising tools for revealing how biological events occur at the single molecule level both in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we will introduce how single quantum dot applications are used for single molecule tracking. We will discuss how single quantum dot tracking has been used in several examples of complex biological processes, including membrane dynamics, neuronal function, selective transport mechanisms of the nuclear pore complex, and in vivo real-time observation. We also briefly discuss the prospects for single molecule tracking using advanced probes.
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34
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Lin CH, Chang LW, Wei YH, Wu SB, Yang CS, Chang WH, Chen YC, Lin PP. Electronic microscopy evidence for mitochondria as targets for Cd/Se/Te-based quantum dot 705 toxicity in vivo. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2012; 28:S53-62. [PMID: 22871604 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2012.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The safety of quantum dots (QDs) 705 was evaluated in this study. Mice were treated with QD705 (intravenous) at a single dose of (40 pmol) for 4, 12, 16, and 24 weeks. Effects of QD705 on kidneys were examined. While there was a lack of histopathology, reduction in renal functions was detected at 16 weeks. Electron microscopic examination revealed alterations in proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) cell mitochondria at even much earlier time, including disorientation and reduction of mitochondrial number (early change), mitochondrial swelling, and later compensatory mitochondrial hypertrophy (enlargement mitochondria: giant mitochondria with hyperplastic inner cristae) as well as mitochondrial hyperplasia (increase in mitochondrial biogenesis and numbers) were observed. Such changes probably represent compensatory attempts of the mitochondria for functional loss or reduction of mitochondria in QD705 treated animals. Moreover, degeneration of mitochondria (myelin-figure and cytoplasmic membranous body formation) and degradation of cytoplasmic materials (isolated cytoplasmic pockets of degenerated materials and focal cytoplasmic degradation) also occurred in later time points (16-24 weeks). Such mitochondrial changes were not identical with those induced by pure cadmium. Taken together, we suggest that mitochondria appeared to be the target of QD705 toxicity and specific mitochondrial markers may be useful parameters for toxicity assessments of QDs or other metal-based nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hua Lin
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
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35
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Intracellular nucleic acid interactions facilitated by quantum dots: conceptualizing theranostics. Ther Deliv 2012; 3:479-99. [DOI: 10.4155/tde.12.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of theranostics arises from the unification of both diagnostic and therapeutic applications into a single package. The implementation of nanoparticles, such as semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), to achieve theranostic applications, offers great potential for development of methods that are suitable for personalized medicine. Researchers have taken advantage of the physiochemical properties of QDs to elicit novel bioconjugation techniques that enable the attachment of multifunctional moieties on the surface of QDs. In this review, the diagnostic and therapeutic applications of QDs that feature the use of nucleic acids are highlighted with a particular emphasis on the possibility of combinatorial applications. Nucleic acid research is of particular interest for gene therapy, and is relevant to the understanding of gene regulation pathways and gene expression dynamics. Recent toxicity studies featuring multifunctional QDs are also examined. Future perspectives discussing the expected development of this field conclude the article.
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McConnachie LA, White CC, Botta D, Zadworny ME, Cox DP, Beyer RP, Hu X, Eaton DL, Gao X, Kavanagh TJ. Heme oxygenase expression as a biomarker of exposure to amphiphilic polymer-coated CdSe/ZnS quantum dots. Nanotoxicology 2012; 7:181-91. [PMID: 22264017 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2011.648224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Because of their unique optical properties, quantum dots (QDs) have become a preferred system for ultrasensitive detection and imaging. However, since QDs commonly contain Cd and other heavy metals, concerns have been raised regarding their toxicity. QDs are thus commonly synthesised with a ZnS cap structure and/or coated with polymeric stabilisers. We recently synthesised amphiphilic polymer-coated tri-n-octylphosphine oxide - poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-tetradecene (TOPO-PMAT) QDs, which are highly stable in aqueous environments. The effects of these QDs on viability and stress response in five cell lines of mouse and human origins are reported here. Human and mouse macrophages and human kidney cells readily internalised these QDs, resulting in modest toxicity. TOPO-PMAT QD exposure was highly correlated with the induction of the stress response protein heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1). Other stress biomarkers (glutamate cysteine ligase modifier subunit, NAD(P)H, necrosis) were only moderately affected. HMOX1 may thus be a useful biomarker of TOPO-QDOT QD exposure across cell types and species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A McConnachie
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington , Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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37
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Rubio-Garcia J, Dazzazi A, Coppel Y, Mascalchi P, Salomé L, Bouhaouss A, Kahn ML, Gauffre F. Transfer of hydrophobic ZnO nanocrystals to water: an investigation of the transfer mechanism and luminescent properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm32201c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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38
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Yang MH, Lin CH, Chang LW, Lin P. Application of ICP-MS for the study of disposition and toxicity of metal-based nanomaterials. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 926:345-359. [PMID: 22975974 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-002-1_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Many nanomaterials, such as quantum dots, nano-gold, nano-silver, nano-ZnO, etc., consist of metal components. When these metal-based nanomaterials are used for biological applications, their biological safety must be evaluated. The biological disposition (ADME: absorption, deposition, metabolism, and elimination) of these nanomaterials need to be evaluated. Such evaluation can be made via tracking of the metallic constituents of the nanoparticles in various tissues and organs after exposure. Although atomic absorption (AA) spectrometry is traditionally used for metal analyses, inductively couple plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a more modern and preferred technique for metal analyses. ICP-MS has distinct advantages over the traditional AA technique by being much more sensitive, efficient, and effective. Because the metallic contents in nanomaterials are usually of very minute amounts, the use of ICP-MS for their tracking is recommended. Specifics of applications and detailed technical protocols for ICP-MS analyses are provided. Some study results on quantum dots (QDs) and nano-gold (AuNP) with ICP-MS are also illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo-Hsiung Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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39
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Boyes WK, Chen R, Chen C, Yokel RA. The neurotoxic potential of engineered nanomaterials. Neurotoxicology 2011; 33:902-10. [PMID: 22198707 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2011.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The expanding development and production of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have diverse and far-reaching potential benefits in consumer products, food, drugs, medical devices and for enhancing environmental cleanup and remediation. The knowledge of potential implications of ENMs, including the potential for inadvertent exposures and adverse neurotoxic consequences, is lagging behind their development. A potential risk for neurotoxicity arises if exposure leads to systemic absorption and distribution to the nervous system. This paper is the summary of a symposium entitled Neurotoxicity Potential of Engineered Nanomaterials presented at the 2011 Xi'an International Neurotoxicology Conference held June 5-9 in Xi'an China. The following topics were featured in the symposium: the toxicokinetics of engineered nanomaterials; differential uptake of nanoceria in brain and peripheral organs; translocation into the brain and potential damage following nanoparticle exposure; and the retina as a potential site of nanomaterial phototoxicity. Each of these topics is discussed fully in sections of the manuscript. The promising benefits of ENM technology can be best realized if the potential risks are first understood and then minimized in product and system designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- William K Boyes
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
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40
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Summers HD, Holton MD, Rees P, Williams PM, Thornton CA. Analysis of quantum dot fluorescence stability in primary blood mononuclear cells. Cytometry A 2011; 77:933-9. [PMID: 21290467 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.20932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A quantitative assessment of fluorescence signal generation and persistence in blood cells, measured at multiple points over a time course, is presented. Quantum dots (QDs) are inorganic fluorophores that are photostable and nonmetabolized and so can provide quantitative measures of cell biology over multiple cell generations. However, if the potential of these nanoparticles for long-term reporting is to be realized, an understanding of the stability of their fluorescence in living cells is essential. CdTe/ZnS and CdSe/ZnS core/shell dots with peak emission wavelengths of 705 nm and 585 nm, respectively, were loaded, via endocytosis into mononuclear cells extracted from primary blood and flow cytometry used to measure the average fluorescence intensity per cell within populations >10⁴. Time-based study showed a saturation-limited uptake of QDs with a characteristic time of 20 min and a maximum fluorescence signal that is linearly proportional to dot solution concentration. The fluorescence signal decreases after attachment and internalization within cells and is accurately described by a biexponential decay with a rapid initial decay followed by a much slower signal loss with characteristic times of 435 and 7,000 min respectively. Comparison with control samples indicates that interaction with the culture media is a major contributory factor to the initial signal decay. These results provide phenomenological descriptions of the evolving QD fluorescence within live cells with associated analytical equations that allow quantitative assessment of QD-based assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huw D Summers
- Multidisciplinary Nanotechnology Center, School of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA28PP, United Kingdom.
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41
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Boehm RD, Miller PR, Hayes SL, Monteiro-Riviere NA, Narayan RJ. Modification of microneedles using inkjet printing. AIP ADVANCES 2011; 1:22139. [PMID: 22125759 PMCID: PMC3217292 DOI: 10.1063/1.3602461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 05/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, biodegradable acid anhydride copolymer microneedles containing quantum dots were fabricated by means of visible light dynamic mask micro-stereolithography-micromolding and inkjet printing. Nanoindentation was performed to obtain the hardness and the Young's modulus of the biodegradable acid anhydride copolymer. Imaging of quantum dots within porcine skin was accomplished by means of multiphoton microscopy. Our results suggest that the combination of visible light dynamic mask micro-stereolithography-micromolding and inkjet printing enables fabrication of solid biodegradable microneedles with a wide range of geometries as well as a wide range of pharmacologic agent compositions.
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42
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Kulvietis V, Zalgeviciene V, Didziapetriene J, Rotomskis R. Transport of Nanoparticles through the Placental Barrier. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2011; 225:225-34. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.225.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vytautas Kulvietis
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, Institute of Oncology, Vilnius University
- Biophotonics group of Laser Research Center, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University
| | | | - Janina Didziapetriene
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, Institute of Oncology, Vilnius University
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University
| | - Ricardas Rotomskis
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory, Institute of Oncology, Vilnius University
- Biophotonics group of Laser Research Center, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University
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43
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Yeh TK, Wu JP, Chang LW, Tsai MH, Chang WH, Tsai HT, Yang CS, Lin P. Comparative tissue distributions of cadmium chloride and cadmium-based quantum dot 705 in mice: Safety implications and applications. Nanotoxicology 2010; 5:91-7. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2010.502260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jui-Pin Wu
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine
| | - Louis W. Chang
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine
| | | | | | - Hui-Ti Tsai
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine
| | - Chung Shi Yang
- Center for Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Pinpin Lin
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine
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44
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Lin CH, Yang MH, Chang LW, Yang CS, Chang H, Chang WH, Tsai MH, Wang CJ, Lin P. Cd/Se/Te-based quantum dot 705 modulated redox homeostasis with hepatotoxicity in mice. Nanotoxicology 2010; 5:650-63. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2010.539712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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45
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Partitioning of hydrophobic CdSe quantum dots into aqueous dispersions of humic substances: Influence of capping-group functionality on the phase-transfer mechanism. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 348:119-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Revised: 04/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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46
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Tavares AJ, Chong L, Petryayeva E, Algar WR, Krull UJ. Quantum dots as contrast agents for in vivo tumor imaging: progress and issues. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 399:2331-42. [PMID: 20658228 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Revised: 07/02/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) have shown promise as imaging agents in cancer, heart disease, and gene therapy research. This review focuses on the design of QDs, and modification using peptides and proteins for mediated targeting of tissues for fluorescence imaging of tumors in vivo. Recent examples from the literature are used to illustrate the potential of QDs as effective imaging agents. The distribution and ultimate fate of QDs in vivo is considered, and considerations of designs that minimize potential toxicity are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Tavares
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, ON, Canada
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47
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Cao A, Ye Z, Cai Z, Dong E, Yang X, Liu G, Deng X, Wang Y, Yang ST, Wang H, Wu M, Liu Y. A Facile Method To Encapsulate Proteins in Silica Nanoparticles: Encapsulated Green Fluorescent Protein as a Robust Fluorescence Probe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200906883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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48
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Cao A, Ye Z, Cai Z, Dong E, Yang X, Liu G, Deng X, Wang Y, Yang ST, Wang H, Wu M, Liu Y. A Facile Method To Encapsulate Proteins in Silica Nanoparticles: Encapsulated Green Fluorescent Protein as a Robust Fluorescence Probe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:3022-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200906883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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