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Wang Z, Irving BA, Spielmann G, Johannsen N, Greenway F, Dalecki M. A single exposure to 100% normo-baric oxygen therapy appears to improve sequence learning processes by increasing prefrontal cortex oxygen saturation. Brain Res 2024; 1837:148962. [PMID: 38670479 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Previously, we showed that a normo-baric 100 % oxygen treatment (NbOxTr) enhances motor learning processes, e.g., visuomotor adaptation (VMA) and sequence learning (SL). However, this work was limited to behavioral outcomes and did not identify the physiological mechanistic underpinnings of these improvements. Here, we expand on this research to investigate the effects of a NbOxTr on the oxygen tissue saturation index (TSI) level of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) when performing a SL task and whether potential SL improvements relate to increased TSI levels in the PFC. Twenty four right-handed young, healthy adults were randomly assigned to a NbOxTr group (normo-baric 100 % oxygen, n = 12) or a control group (normal air, n = 12). They received their respective treatments via a nasal cannula during the experiment. Oxygen TSI levels of the right and left PFC were measured via near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) throughout different SL task phases (Baseline, Training, Testing). The NbOxTr increased the TSI of the PFC in the Training phase (p < 0.01) and positively affected SL retention in the Testing phase (p < 0.05). We also found a positive correlation between TSI changes in the right PFC during the gas treatment phase (3.4 % increase) and response time (RT) improvements in the SL task training and retention phase (all p < 0.05). Our results suggest that a simple NbOxTr increases the oxygenated hemoglobin availability in the PFC, which appears to mediate the retention of acquired SL improvements in healthy young adults. Future studies should examine treatment-related oxygenation changes in other brain areas involved and their relation to enhanced learning processes. Whether this NbOxTr improves SL in neurologically impaired populations should also be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Brian A Irving
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Guillaume Spielmann
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Neil Johannsen
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Frank Greenway
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Marc Dalecki
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; German University of Health and Sports, Berlin, Germany
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2
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Cockx HM, Oostenveld R, Flórez R YA, Bloem BR, Cameron IGM, van Wezel RJA. Freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease is related to imbalanced stopping-related cortical activity. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae259. [PMID: 39229492 PMCID: PMC11369826 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Freezing of gait, characterized by involuntary interruptions of walking, is a debilitating motor symptom of Parkinson's disease that restricts people's autonomy. Previous brain imaging studies investigating the mechanisms underlying freezing were restricted to scan people in supine positions and yielded conflicting theories regarding the role of the supplementary motor area and other cortical regions. We used functional near-infrared spectroscopy to investigate cortical haemodynamics related to freezing in freely moving people. We measured functional near-infrared spectroscopy activity over multiple motor-related cortical areas in 23 persons with Parkinson's disease who experienced daily freezing ('freezers') and 22 age-matched controls during freezing-provoking tasks including turning and doorway passing, voluntary stops and actual freezing. Crucially, we corrected the measured signals for confounds of walking. We first compared cortical activity between freezers and controls during freezing-provoking tasks without freezing (i.e. turning and doorway passing) and during stops. Secondly, within the freezers, we compared cortical activity between freezing, stopping and freezing-provoking tasks without freezing. First, we show that turning and doorway passing (without freezing) resemble cortical activity during stopping in both groups involving activation of the supplementary motor area and prefrontal cortex, areas known for their role in inhibiting actions. During these freezing-provoking tasks, the freezers displayed higher activity in the premotor areas than controls. Secondly, we show that, during actual freezing events, activity in the prefrontal cortex was lower than during voluntary stopping. The cortical relation between the freezing-provoking tasks (turning and doorway passing) and stopping may explain their susceptibility to trigger freezing by activating a stopping mechanism. Besides, the stopping-related activity of the supplementary motor area and prefrontal cortex seems to be out of balance in freezers. In this paper, we postulate that freezing results from a paroxysmal imbalance between the supplementary motor area and prefrontal cortex, thereby extending upon the current role of the supplementary motor area in freezing pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena M Cockx
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Science, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Center of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525GC Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Oostenveld
- Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- NatMEG, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yuli A Flórez R
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Science, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan R Bloem
- Department of Neurology, Center of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525GC Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ian G M Cameron
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Science, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Biomedical Signals and Systems Group, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science (EEMCS), University of Twente, 7522NB Enschede, The Netherlands
- Domain Expert Precision Health, Nutrition & Behavior, OnePlanet Research Center, 6525EC Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard J A van Wezel
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Science, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Biomedical Signals and Systems Group, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science (EEMCS), University of Twente, 7522NB Enschede, The Netherlands
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3
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Blaney G, Sassaroli A, Fantini S. Spatial Sensitivity to Absorption Changes for Various Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Methods: A Compendium Review. JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE OPTICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2024; 17:2430001. [PMID: 39267952 PMCID: PMC11391891 DOI: 10.1142/s1793545824300015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
This compendium review focuses on the spatial distribution of sensitivity to localized absorption changes in optically diffuse media, particularly for measurements relevant to near-infrared spectroscopy. The three temporal domains, continuous-wave, frequency-domain, and time-domain, each obtain different optical data-types whose changes may be related to effective homogeneous changes in the absorption coefficient. Sensitivity is the relationship between a localized perturbation and the recovered effective homogeneous absorption change. Therefore, spatial sensitivity maps representing the perturbation location can be generated for the numerous optical data-types in the three temporal domains. The review first presents a history of the past 30 years of work investigating this sensitivity in optically diffuse media. These works are experimental and theoretical, presenting 1-, 2-, and 3-dimensional sensitivity maps for different near-infrared spectroscopy methods, domains, and data-types. Following this history, we present a compendium of sensitivity maps organized by temporal domain and then data-type. This compendium provides a valuable tool to compare the spatial sensitivity of various measurement methods and parameters in one document. Methods for one to generate these maps are provided in the appendix, including code. This historical review and comprehensive sensitivity map compendium provides a single source researchers may use to visualize, investigate, compare, and generate sensitivity to localized absorption change maps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giles Blaney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University 4 Colby St, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Angelo Sassaroli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University 4 Colby St, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Sergio Fantini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University 4 Colby St, Medford, MA 02155, USA
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Caulier-Cisterna R, Appelgren-Gonzáles JP, Oyarzún JE, Valenzuela F, Sitaram R, Eblen-Zajjur A, Uribe S. Comparison of LED- and LASER-based fNIRS technologies to record the human peri‑spinal cord neurovascular response. Med Eng Phys 2024; 127:104170. [PMID: 38692767 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2024.104170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Recently, functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) was applied to obtain, non-invasively, the human peri‑spinal Neuro-Vascular Response (NVR) under a non-noxious electrical stimulation of a peripheral nerve. This method allowed the measurements of changes in the concentration of oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb) and deoxyhemoglobin (HHb) from the peri‑spinal vascular network. However, there is a lack of clarity about the potential differences in perispinal NVR recorded by the different fNIRS technologies currently available. In this work, the two main noninvasive fNIRS technologies were compared, i.e., LED and LASER-based. The recording of the human peri‑spinal NVR induced by non-noxious electrical stimulation of a peripheral nerve was recorded simultaneously at C7 and T10 vertebral levels. The amplitude, rise time, and full width at half maximum duration of the perispinal NVRs were characterized in healthy volunteers and compared between both systems. The main difference was that the LED-based system shows about one order of magnitude higher values of amplitude than the LASER-based system. No statistical differences were found for rise time and for duration parameters (at thoracic level). The comparison of point-to-point wave patterns did not show significant differences between both systems. In conclusion, the peri‑spinal NRV response obtained by different fNIRS technologies was reproducible, and only the amplitude showed differences, probably due to the power of the system which should be considered when assessing the human peri‑spinal vascular network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Caulier-Cisterna
- Department of Informatics and Computing, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Juan-Pablo Appelgren-Gonzáles
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, the Radiology Department, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan-Esteban Oyarzún
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, the Radiology Department, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, iHEALTH, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Valenzuela
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, the Radiology Department, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ranganatha Sitaram
- Diagnostic Imaging Department, Multimodal Functional Brain Imaging and Neurorehabilitation Hub, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Antonio Eblen-Zajjur
- Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Uribe
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia.
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5
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Zohdi H, Märki J, Scholkmann F, Wolf U. Cerebral, systemic physiological and behavioral responses to colored light exposure during a cognitive task: A SPA-fNIRS study. Behav Brain Res 2024; 462:114884. [PMID: 38296201 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Colored light has important implications for human health and well-being, as well as for the aesthetics and function of various environments. In addition to its effects on visual function, colored light has significant effects on cognitive performance, behavior and systemic physiology. The aim of the current study was to comprehensively investigate how colored light exposure (CLE) combined with a cognitive task (2-back) affects performance, cerebral hemodynamics, oxygenation, and systemic physiology as assessed by systemic physiology augmented functional near-infrared spectroscopy (SPA-fNIRS). 36 healthy subjects (22 female, 14 male, age 26.3 ± 5.7 years) were measured twice on two different days. They were exposed to the sequence of blue and red light or vice versa in a randomized crossover design. During the CLE, the subjects were asked to perform a 2-back task. The 2-back task performance was correlated with changes in the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin in the prefrontal cortex (red: r = -0.37, p = 0.001; blue: r = -0.33, p = 0.004) and the high-frequency component of the heart rate variability (red: r = 0.35, p = 0.003; blue: r = 0.25, p = 0.04). These changes were independent of the CLE. Sequence-dependent effects were observed for fNIRS signals at the visual cortex (VC) and for electrodermal activity (EDA). While both colors caused relatively similar changes in the VC and EDA at the position of the first exposure, blue and red light caused greater changes in the VC and EDA, respectively, in the second exposure. There was no significant difference in the subjects' 2-back task performance between the CLE (p = 0.46). The results of this study provide new insights into how human physiology and behavior respond to colored light exposure. Our findings are important for understanding the impact of colored light in our daily lives and its potential applications in a variety of settings, including education, the workplace and healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamoon Zohdi
- Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Josefa Märki
- Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Felix Scholkmann
- Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Wolf
- Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Lu H, Wang X, Zhang Y, Huang P, Xing C, Zhang M, Zhu X. Increased interbrain synchronization and neural efficiency of the frontal cortex to enhance human coordinative behavior: A combined hyper-tES and fNIRS study. Neuroimage 2023; 282:120385. [PMID: 37832708 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Coordination is crucial for individuals to achieve common goals; however, the causal relationship between coordination behavior and neural activity has not yet been explored. Interbrain synchronization (IBS) and neural efficiency in cortical areas associated with the mirror neuron system (MNS) are considered two potential brain mechanisms. In the present study, we attempted to clarify how the two mechanisms facilitate coordination using hypertranscranial electrical stimulation (hyper-tES). A total of 124 healthy young adults were randomly divided into three groups (the hyper-tACS, hyper-tDCS and sham groups) and underwent modulation of the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) during functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Increased IBS of the PFC or neural efficiency of the right IFG (related to the MNS) was accompanied by greater coordination behavior; IBS had longer-lasting effects on behavior. Our findings highlight the importance of IBS and neural efficiency of the frontal cortex for coordination and suggest potential interventions to improve coordination in different temporal windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Lu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi 'an 710032, China
| | - Xinlu Wang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi 'an 710032, China
| | - Yajuan Zhang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi 'an 710032, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi 'an 710032, China
| | - Chen Xing
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi 'an 710032, China.
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Psychology, College of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Xia Zhu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi 'an 710032, China.
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Frabasile L, Amendola C, Buttafava M, Chincarini M, Contini D, Cozzi B, De Zani D, Guerri G, Lacerenza M, Minero M, Petrizzi L, Qiu L, Rabbogliatti V, Rossi E, Spinelli L, Straticò P, Vignola G, Zani DD, Dalla Costa E, Torricelli A. Non-invasive estimation of in vivo optical properties and hemodynamic parameters of domestic animals: a preliminary study on horses, dogs, and sheep. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1243325. [PMID: 37789868 PMCID: PMC10543119 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1243325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Biosensors applied in veterinary medicine serve as a noninvasive method to determine the health status of animals and, indirectly, their level of welfare. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been suggested as a technology with this application. This study presents preliminary in vivo time domain NIRS measurements of optical properties (absorption coefficient, reduced scattering coefficient, and differential pathlength factor) and hemodynamic parameters (concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin, deoxygenated hemoglobin, total hemoglobin, and tissue oxygen saturation) of tissue domestic animals, specifically of skeletal muscle (4 dogs and 6 horses) and head (4 dogs and 19 sheep). The results suggest that TD NIRS in vivo measurements on domestic animals are feasible, and reveal significant variations in the optical and hemodynamic properties among tissue types and species. In horses the different optical and hemodynamic properties of the measured muscles can be attributed to the presence of a thicker adipose layer over the muscle in the Longissimus Dorsi and in the Gluteus Superficialis as compared to the Triceps Brachii. In dogs the absorption coefficient is higher in the head (temporalis musculature) than in skeletal muscles. The smaller absorption coefficient for the head of the sheep as compared to the head of dogs may suggest that in sheep we are indeed reaching the brain cortex while in dog light penetration can be hindered by the strongly absorbing muscle covering the cranium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Matteo Chincarini
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Davide Contini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Bruno Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Donatella De Zani
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Giulia Guerri
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Michela Minero
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Lucio Petrizzi
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Lina Qiu
- School of Software, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Vanessa Rabbogliatti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Emanuela Rossi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, Teramo, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Spinelli
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Straticò
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Vignola
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Davide Danilo Zani
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Emanuela Dalla Costa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Alessandro Torricelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Milan, Italy
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Esmaelpoor J, Peng T, Jelfs B, Shader MJ, McKay CM, Mao D. Brain Functional Connectivity Networks do not Return to Resting-state During Control Trials in Block Design Experiments . ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2023; 2023:1-4. [PMID: 38083712 DOI: 10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Many studies on morphology analysis show that if short inter-stimulus intervals separate tasks, the hemodynamic response amplitude will return to the resting-state baseline before the subsequent stimulation onset; hence, responses to successive tasks do not overlap. Accordingly, popular brain imaging analysis techniques assume changes in hemodynamic response amplitude subside after a short time (around 15 seconds). However, whether this assumption holds when studying brain functional connectivity has yet to be investigated. This paper assesses whether or not the functional connectivity network in control trials returns to the resting-state functional connectivity network. Traditionally, control trials in block-design experiments are used to evaluate response morphology to no stimulus. We analyzed data from an event-related experiment with audio and visual stimuli and resting state. Our results showed that functional connectivity networks during control trials were more similar to that of tasks than resting-state networks. In other words, contrary to task-related changes in the hemodynamic amplitude, where responses settle after a short time, the brain's functional connectivity networks do not return to their intrinsic resting-state network in such short intervals.
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Hassan HW, Mota-Silva E, Grasso V, Riehakainen L, Jose J, Menichetti L, Mirtaheri P. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for the In Vivo Monitoring of Biodegradable Implants in Rats. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:2297. [PMID: 36850894 PMCID: PMC9964707 DOI: 10.3390/s23042297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) alloys possess unique properties that make them ideal for use as biodegradable implants in clinical applications. However, reports on the in vivo assessment of these alloys are insufficient. Thus, monitoring the degradation of Mg and its alloys in vivo is challenging due to the dynamic process of implant degradation and tissue regeneration. Most current works focus on structural remodeling, but functional assessment is crucial in providing information about physiological changes in tissues, which can be used as an early indicator of healing. Here, we report continuous wave near-infrared spectroscopy (CW NIRS), a non-invasive technique that is potentially helpful in assessing the implant-tissue dynamic interface in a rodent model. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects on hemoglobin changes and tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) after the implantation of Mg-alloy (WE43) and titanium (Ti) implants in rats' femurs using a multiwavelength optical probe. Additionally, the effect of changes in the skin on these parameters was evaluated. Lastly, combining NIRS with photoacoustic (PA) imaging provides a more reliable assessment of tissue parameters, which is further correlated with principal component analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Wajahat Hassan
- Faculty of Technology, Art and Design, Department of Mechanical, Electronic and Chemical Engineering, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway
| | - Eduarda Mota-Silva
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (IFC-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Life Sciences, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Valeria Grasso
- FUJIFILM VisualSonics, 1114 AB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Engineering, Institute for Materials Science, Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel, D-24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Leon Riehakainen
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (IFC-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Life Sciences, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Jithin Jose
- FUJIFILM VisualSonics, 1114 AB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (IFC-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Peyman Mirtaheri
- Faculty of Technology, Art and Design, Department of Mechanical, Electronic and Chemical Engineering, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway
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10
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Perekatova V, Kostyuk A, Kirillin M, Sergeeva E, Kurakina D, Shemagina O, Orlova A, Khilov A, Turchin I. VIS-NIR Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy System with Self-Calibrating Fiber-Optic Probe: Study of Perturbation Resistance. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13030457. [PMID: 36766562 PMCID: PMC9913927 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13030457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We report on the comparative analysis of self-calibrating and single-slope diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in resistance to different measurement perturbations. We developed an experimental setup for diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) in a wide VIS-NIR range with a fiber-optic probe equipped with two source and two detection fibers capable of providing measurements employing both single- and dual-slope (self-calibrating) approaches. In order to fit the dynamic range of a spectrometer in the wavelength range of 460-1030 nm, different exposure times have been applied for short (2 mm) and long (4 mm) source-detector distances. The stability of the self-calibrating and traditional single-slope approaches to instrumental perturbations were compared in phantom and in vivo studies on human palm, including attenuations in individual channels, fiber curving, and introducing optical inhomogeneities in the probe-tissue interface. The self-calibrating approach demonstrated high resistance to instrumental perturbations introduced in the source and detection channels, while the single-slope approach showed resistance only to perturbations introduced into the source channels.
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11
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Klein F, Lührs M, Benitez-Andonegui A, Roehn P, Kranczioch C. Performance comparison of systemic activity correction in functional near-infrared spectroscopy for methods with and without short distance channels. NEUROPHOTONICS 2023; 10:013503. [PMID: 36248616 PMCID: PMC9555616 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.10.1.013503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a promising tool for neurofeedback (NFB) or brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, fNIRS signals are typically highly contaminated by systemic activity (SA) artifacts, and, if not properly corrected, NFB or BCIs run the risk of being based on noise instead of brain activity. This risk can likely be reduced by correcting for SA, in particular when short-distance channels (SDCs) are available. Literature comparing correction methods with and without SDCs is still sparse, specifically comparisons considering single trials are lacking. Aim: This study aimed at comparing the performance of SA correction methods with and without SDCs. Approach: Semisimulated and real motor task data of healthy older adults were used. Correction methods without SDCs included a simple and a more advanced spatial filter. Correction methods with SDCs included a regression approach considering only the closest SDC and two GLM-based methods, one including all eight SDCs and one using only two a priori selected SDCs as regressors. All methods were compared with data uncorrected for SA and correction performance was assessed with quality measures quantifying signal improvement and spatial specificity at single trial level. Results: All correction methods were found to improve signal quality and enhance spatial specificity as compared with the uncorrected data. Methods with SDCs usually outperformed methods without SDCs. Correction methods without SDCs tended to overcorrect the data. However, the exact pattern of results and the degree of differences observable between correction methods varied between semisimulated and real data, and also between quality measures. Conclusions: Overall, results confirmed that both Δ [ HbO ] and Δ [ HbR ] are affected by SA and that correction methods with SDCs outperform methods without SDCs. Nonetheless, improvements in signal quality can also be achieved without SDCs and should therefore be given priority over not correcting for SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Klein
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Neurocognition and Functional Neurorehabilitation Group, Neuropsychology Lab, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Michael Lührs
- Maastricht University, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Brain Innovation B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Pauline Roehn
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Neurocognition and Functional Neurorehabilitation Group, Neuropsychology Lab, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Kranczioch
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Neurocognition and Functional Neurorehabilitation Group, Neuropsychology Lab, Oldenburg, Germany
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12
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Huang R, Hong KS, Yang D, Huang G. Motion artifacts removal and evaluation techniques for functional near-infrared spectroscopy signals: A review. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:878750. [PMID: 36263362 PMCID: PMC9576156 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.878750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
With the emergence of an increasing number of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) devices, the significant deterioration in measurement caused by motion artifacts has become an essential research topic for fNIRS applications. However, a high requirement for mathematics and programming limits the number of related researches. Therefore, here we provide the first comprehensive review for motion artifact removal in fNIRS aiming to (i) summarize the latest achievements, (ii) present the significant solutions and evaluation metrics from the perspective of application and reproduction, and (iii) predict future topics in the field. The present review synthesizes information from fifty-one journal articles (screened according to three criteria). Three hardware-based solutions and nine algorithmic solutions are summarized, and their application requirements (compatible signal types, the availability for online applications, and limitations) and extensions are discussed. Five metrics for noise suppression and two metrics for signal distortion were synthesized to evaluate the motion artifact removal methods. Moreover, we highlight three deficiencies in the existing research: (i) The balance between the use of auxiliary hardware and that of an algorithmic solution is not clarified; (ii) few studies mention the filtering delay of the solutions, and (iii) the robustness and stability of the solution under extreme application conditions are not discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruisen Huang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Keum-Shik Hong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Keum-Shik Hong,
| | - Dalin Yang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Guanghao Huang
- Institute for Future, School of Automation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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13
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Yu L, Feng J, Zhou C, Zhu X, Lou X, Yang J, Qi H, Li J. Cognitive Function Mainly Shaped by Socioeconomic Status Rather Than Chronic Hypoxia in Adolescents at High Altitude. High Alt Med Biol 2022; 23:223-231. [PMID: 35833789 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2022.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Yu, Linyang, Jinqing Feng, Chen Zhou, Xiaohan Zhu, Xiaobin Lou, Jian Yang, Haiying Qi, and Jia Li. Cognitive function mainly shaped by socioeconomic status rather than chronic hypoxia in adolescents at high altitude. High Alt Med Biol. 23:000-000, 2022. Background: The study evaluated cognitive function in relation to the changes in brain tissue oxygenation in three groups of high school students from different socioeconomic regions including Tibetans in Jiuzhi and Lhasa (both at 3,600 m), and Han in Beijing (44 m). Methods: Jiuzhi, Lhasa, and Beijing Group included 21 Tibetans, 24 Tibetans, and 23 Han, respectively. Wechsler Intelligence Scale was used for cognitive evaluation. Functional near infrared spectroscopy was used to measure the changes of oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) during the cognitive assessment. Gross domestic product (GDP) was used to indicate the socioeconomic status. Results: All the cognitive scores were significantly lower in the two high altitude groups compared with the Beijing Group (p < 0.001). The scores in Jiuzhi Group were significantly lower compared with the Lhasa Group (p < 0.001). The changes in oxy-Hb in channels 6 and 15 in both high-altitude groups were significantly greater compared with the Beijing Group (p < 0.05), without significant difference between the two high-altitude groups. GDP was significantly correlated with all the scores (p < 0.001), but not altitude. Conclusions: Cognitive impairment occurs in adolescents at high altitude, being severer in Jiuzhi Group compared with the Lhasa Group. The lower performance in both high-altitude groups require greater brain activity over-compensated by cerebral oxygen delivery as indicated by the changes in oxy-Hb. The cognitive scores were significantly correlated with GDP rather than altitude. Cognitive function in adolescents at high altitude is not limited by chronic hypoxia, but mainly shaped by socioeconomic determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyang Yu
- Clinical Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinqing Feng
- Clinical Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Beijing Jiaoyangzhixin Education Consulting Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobin Lou
- Clinical Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Haiying Qi
- Division of Electrophysiology, Women and Children's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Jia Li
- Clinical Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Scholkmann F, Zohdi H, Wolf U. The Role of Systemic Physiology in Individual Hemodynamic Responses Measured on the Head Due to Long-Term Stimulation Involving Colored Light Exposure and a Cognitive Task: An SPA-fNIRS Study. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12050597. [PMID: 35624984 PMCID: PMC9139284 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12050597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous investigations using systemic physiology augmented functional near-infrared spectroscopy (SPA-fNIRS) neuroimaging, we found larger variability between subjects in changes of cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation induced by an intricate experimental paradigm involving colored light exposure and a cognitive task. We aimed to investigate the role the activity of the systemic physiology has on individual variations in the fNIRS data. Thirty-two healthy subjects (17 female, 15 male and age: 25.5 ± 4.3 years) were exposed to blue and red light for 9 min (colored light exposure, CLE) while performing a verbal fluency task (VFT). We found that (i), at the group level, the visual cortex showed a stronger deoxyhemoglobin concentration response during blue light exposure than during red light exposure, and (ii) this relationship was influenced by individually different baseline blood pressure values. Furthermore, we found other correlations between changes in fNIRS signals and changes in systemic physiology. Our study demonstrates the usefulness and necessity of the SPA-fNIRS approach to gain insights into the individual variability of hemodynamic responses measured with fNIRS, especially in the case of an intricate experimental paradigm (i.e., CLE-VFT) as used in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Scholkmann
- Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
- Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (U.W.)
| | - Hamoon Zohdi
- Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Ursula Wolf
- Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (U.W.)
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15
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Guglielmini S, Bopp G, Marcar VL, Scholkmann F, Wolf M. Systemic physiology augmented functional near-infrared spectroscopy hyperscanning: a first evaluation investigating entrainment of spontaneous activity of brain and body physiology between subjects. NEUROPHOTONICS 2022; 9:026601. [PMID: 35449706 PMCID: PMC9016073 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.9.2.026601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) enables measuring the brain activity of two subjects while they interact, i.e., the hyperscanning approach. Aim: In our exploratory study, we extended classical fNIRS hyperscanning by adding systemic physiological measures to obtain systemic physiology augmented fNIRS (SPA-fNIRS) hyperscanning while blocking and not blocking the visual communication between the subjects. This approach enables access brain-to-brain, brain-to-body, and body-to-body coupling between the subjects simultaneously. Approach: Twenty-four pairs of subjects participated in the experiment. The paradigm consisted of two subjects that sat in front of each other and had their eyes closed for 10 min, followed by a phase of 10 min where they made eye contact. Brain and body activity was measured continuously by SPA-fNIRS. Results: Our study shows that making eye contact for a prolonged time causes significant changes in brain-to-brain, brain-to-body, and body-to-body coupling, indicating that eye contact is followed by entrainment of the physiology between subjects. Subjects that knew each other generally showed a larger trend to change between the two conditions. Conclusions: The main point of this study is to introduce a new framework to investigate brain-to-brain, body-to-body, and brain-to-body coupling through a simple social experimental paradigm. The study revealed that eye contact leads to significant synchronization of spontaneous activity of the brain and body physiology. Our study is the first that employed the SPA-fNIRS approach and showed its usefulness to investigate complex interpersonal physiological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabino Guglielmini
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gino Bopp
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Valentine L. Marcar
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Hospital Zürich, Comprehensive Cancer Center Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Felix Scholkmann
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Bern, Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Wolf
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Zurich, Switzerland
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16
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Prefrontal Cortex Brain Activation During Texting and Walking: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Feasibility Study. Motor Control 2022; 26:487-496. [DOI: 10.1123/mc.2022-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Texting while walking is an increasingly common, potentially dangerous task but its functional brain correlates have yet to be reported. Therefore, we evaluated prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation patterns during single- and dual-task texting and walking in healthy adults. Thirteen participants (29–49 years) walked under single- and dual-task conditions involving mobile phone texting or a serial-7s subtraction task, while measuring PFC activation (functional near-infrared spectroscopy) and behavioral task performance (inertial sensors, mobile application). Head lowering during texting increased PFC activation. Texting further increased PFC activation, and decreased gait performance similarly to serial-7 subtraction. Our results support the key role of executive control in texting while walking.
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17
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Luke R, Shader MJ, McAlpine D. Characterization of Mayer-wave oscillations in functional near-infrared spectroscopy using a physiologically informed model of the neural power spectra. NEUROPHOTONICS 2021; 8:041001. [PMID: 34901310 PMCID: PMC8652350 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.8.4.041001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Mayer waves are spontaneous oscillations in arterial blood pressure that can mask cortical hemodynamic responses associated with neural activity of interest. Aim: We aim to characterize the properties of oscillations in the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signal generated by Mayer waves in a large sample of fNIRS recordings. Further, we aim to determine the impact of short-channel correction for the attenuation of these unwanted signal components. Approach: Mayer-wave oscillation parameters were extracted from 310 fNIRS measurements using the fitting oscillations and one-over-f method to compute normative values. The effect of short-channel correction on Mayer-wave oscillation power was quantified on 222 measurements. The practical benefit of the short-channel correction approach for reducing Mayer waves and improving response detection was also evaluated on a subgroup of 17 fNIRS measurements collected during a passive auditory speech detection experiment. Results: Mayer-wave oscillations had a mean frequency of 0.108 Hz, bandwidth of 0.04 Hz, and power of 3.5 μ M 2 / Hz . The distribution of oscillation signal power was positively skewed, with some measurements containing large Mayer waves. Short-channel correction significantly reduced the amplitude of these undesired signals; greater attenuation was observed for measurements containing larger Mayer-wave oscillations. Conclusions: A robust method for quantifying Mayer-wave oscillations in the fNIRS signal spectrum was presented and used to provide normative parameterization. Short-channel correction is recommended as an approach for attenuating Mayer waves, particularly in participants with large oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Luke
- Macquarie University, Australian Hearing Hub, Macquarie University Hearing, Department of Linguistics, Sydney, Australia
- Bionics Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Maureen J. Shader
- Bionics Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Medical Bionics, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David McAlpine
- Macquarie University, Australian Hearing Hub, Macquarie University Hearing, Department of Linguistics, Sydney, Australia
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18
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Blaney G, Curtsmith P, Sassaroli A, Fernandez C, Fantini S. Broadband absorption spectroscopy of heterogeneous biological tissue. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:7552-7562. [PMID: 34613221 PMCID: PMC11407782 DOI: 10.1364/ao.431013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Absorption spectra (∼600 to 1064 nm) of six tissues in three healthy volunteers were measured by combining dual-slope continuous-wave broadband spectroscopy with self-calibrated frequency-domain measurements of scattering at two wavelengths (690 and 830 nm). The spectral fit with a linear combination of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin, water, and lipids extinction spectra is improved by a wavelength-independent absorption background. The need to introduce this background is assigned to the inhomogeneous distribution of absorbers in tissue. By using a two-layer model, the relationship between recovered concentrations and their two-layer values was investigated, and the implications for non-invasive tissue spectroscopy are discussed.
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19
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Tablet Use Affects Preschoolers' Executive Function: fNIRS Evidence from the Dimensional Change Card Sort Task. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11050567. [PMID: 33946675 PMCID: PMC8146550 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11050567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to examine the impact of heavy use of tablets on preschoolers’ executive function during the Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS) task using the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Altogether, 38 Chinese preschoolers (Mage = 5.0 years, SD = 0.69 years, 17 girls) completed the tasks before the COVID-19 lockdown. Eight children never used tablets, while 16 children were diagnosed as the ‘heavy-user’. The results indicated that: (1) the ‘non-user’ outperformed the ‘heavy-user’ with a significantly higher correct rate in the DCCS task; (2) the two groups differed significantly in the activation of the prefrontal cortex (BA 9): the ‘non-user’ pattern is normal and healthy, whereas the ‘heavy-user’ pattern is not normal and needs further exploration.
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20
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Luke R, Larson E, Shader MJ, Innes-Brown H, Van Yper L, Lee AKC, Sowman PF, McAlpine D. Analysis methods for measuring passive auditory fNIRS responses generated by a block-design paradigm. NEUROPHOTONICS 2021; 8:025008. [PMID: 34036117 PMCID: PMC8140612 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.8.2.025008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an increasingly popular tool in auditory research, but the range of analysis procedures employed across studies may complicate the interpretation of data. Aim: We aim to assess the impact of different analysis procedures on the morphology, detection, and lateralization of auditory responses in fNIRS. Specifically, we determine whether averaging or generalized linear model (GLM)-based analysis generates different experimental conclusions when applied to a block-protocol design. The impact of parameter selection of GLMs on detecting auditory-evoked responses was also quantified. Approach: 17 listeners were exposed to three commonly employed auditory stimuli: noise, speech, and silence. A block design, comprising sounds of 5 s duration and 10 to 20 s silent intervals, was employed. Results: Both analysis procedures generated similar response morphologies and amplitude estimates, and both indicated that responses to speech were significantly greater than to noise or silence. Neither approach indicated a significant effect of brain hemisphere on responses to speech. Methods to correct for systemic hemodynamic responses using short channels improved detection at the individual level. Conclusions: Consistent with theoretical considerations, simulations, and other experimental domains, GLM and averaging analyses generate the same group-level experimental conclusions. We release this dataset publicly for use in future development and optimization of algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Luke
- Macquarie University, Macquarie University Hearing & Department of Linguistics, Australian Hearing Hub, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Bionics Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eric Larson
- University of Washington, Institute for Learning & Brain Sciences, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Maureen J. Shader
- The Bionics Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Medical Bionics, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hamish Innes-Brown
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Medical Bionics, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Eriksholm Research Centre, Oticon A/S, Snekkersten, Denmark
| | - Lindsey Van Yper
- Macquarie University, Macquarie University Hearing & Department of Linguistics, Australian Hearing Hub, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adrian K. C. Lee
- University of Washington, Institute for Learning & Brain Sciences, Seattle, Washington, United States
- University of Washington, Department of Speech & Hearing Sciences and Institute for Learning & Brain Sciences, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Paul F. Sowman
- Macquarie University, Department of Cognitive Science, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David McAlpine
- Macquarie University, Macquarie University Hearing & Department of Linguistics, Australian Hearing Hub, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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21
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Blaney G, Donaldson R, Mushtak S, Nguyen H, Vignale L, Fernandez C, Pham T, Sassaroli A, Fantini S. Dual-Slope Diffuse Reflectance Instrument for Calibration-Free Broadband Spectroscopy. APPLIED SCIENCES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11. [PMID: 35719895 PMCID: PMC9204805 DOI: 10.3390/app11041757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This work presents the design and validation of an instrument for dual-slope broadband diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. This instrument affords calibration-free, continuous-wave measurements of broadband absorbance of optically diffusive media, which may be translated into absolute absorption spectra by adding frequency-domain measurements of scattering at two wavelengths. An experiment on a strongly scattering liquid phantom (milk, water, dyes) confirms the instrument’s ability to correctly identify spectral features and measure absolute absorption. This is done by sequentially adding three dyes, each featuring a distinct spectral absorption, to the milk/water phantom. After each dye addition, the absorption spectrum is measured, and it is found to reproduce the spectral features of the added dye. Additionally, the absorption spectrum is compared to the absorption values measured with a commercial frequency-domain instrument at two wavelengths. The measured absorption of the milk/water phantom quantitatively agrees with the known water absorption spectrum (R2 = 0.98), and the measured absorption of the milk/water/dyes phantom quantitatively agrees with the absorption measured with the frequency-domain instrument in six of eight cases. Additionally, the measured absorption spectrum correctly recovers the concentration of one dye, black India ink, for which we could accurately determine the extinction spectrum (i.e., the specific absorption per unit concentration). The instrumental methods presented in this work can find applications in quantitative spectroscopy of optically diffusive media, and particularly in near-infrared spectroscopy of biological tissue.
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22
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Pham T, Blaney G, Sassaroli A, Fernandez C, Fantini S. Sensitivity of frequency-domain optical measurements to brain hemodynamics: simulations and human study of cerebral blood flow during hypercapnia. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:766-789. [PMID: 33680541 PMCID: PMC7901322 DOI: 10.1364/boe.412766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This study characterizes the sensitivity of noninvasive measurements of cerebral blood flow (CBF) by using frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy (FD-NIRS) and coherent hemodynamics spectroscopy (CHS). We considered six FD-NIRS methods: single-distance intensity and phase (SDI and SDϕ), single-slope intensity and phase (SSI and SSϕ), and dual-slope intensity and phase (DSI and DSϕ). Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) was obtained from the relative change in measured CBF during a step hypercapnic challenge. Greater measured values of CVR are assigned to a greater sensitivity to cerebral hemodynamics. In a first experiment with eight subjects, CVRSDϕ was greater than CVRSDI (p < 0.01), whereas CVRDSI and CVRDSϕ showed no significant difference (p > 0.5). In a second experiment with four subjects, a 5 mm scattering layer was added between the optical probe and the scalp tissue to increase the extracerebral layer thickness (L ec ), which caused CVRDSϕ to become significantly greater than CVRDSI (p < 0.05). CVRSS measurements yielded similar results as CVRDS measurements but with a greater variability, possibly resulting from instrumental artifacts in SS measurements. Theoretical simulations with two-layered media confirmed that, if the top (extracerebral) layer is more scattering than the bottom (brain) layer, the relative values of CVRDSI and CVRDSϕ depend on L ec . Specifically, the sensitivity to the brain is greater for DSI than DSϕ for a thin extracerebral layer (L ec < 13 mm), whereas it is greater for DSϕ than DSI for a thicker extracerebral layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Pham
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Giles Blaney
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Angelo Sassaroli
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Cristianne Fernandez
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Sergio Fantini
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
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23
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Kovacsova Z, Bale G, Mitra S, Lange F, Tachtsidis I. Absolute quantification of cerebral tissue oxygen saturation with multidistance broadband NIRS in newborn brain. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:907-925. [PMID: 33680549 PMCID: PMC7901317 DOI: 10.1364/boe.412088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Tissue oximetry with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a technique for the measurement of absolute tissue oxygen saturation (StO2). Offering a real-time and non-invasive assessment of brain oxygenation and haemodynamics, StO2 has potential to be used for the assessment of newborn brain injury. Multiple algorithms have been developed to measure StO2, however, issues with low measurement accuracy or extracranial tissue signal contamination remain. In this work, we present a novel algorithm to recover StO2 in the neonate, broadband multidistance oximetry (BRUNO), based on a measurement of the gradient of attenuation against distance measured with broadband NIRS. The performance of the algorithm was compared to two other published algorithms, broadband fitting (BF) and spatially resolved spectroscopy (SRS). The median error when recovering StO2 in light transport simulations on a neonatal head mesh was 0.4% with BRUNO, 4.2% with BF and 9.5% with SRS. BRUNO was more sensitive to brain tissue oxygenation changes, shown in layered head model simulations. Comparison of algorithm performance during full oxygenation-deoxygenation cycles in a homogeneous dynamic blood phantom showed significant differences in the dynamic range of the algorithms; BRUNO recovered StO2 over 0-100%, BF over 0-90% and SRS over 39-80%. Recovering StO2 from data collected in a neonate treated at the neonatal intensive care showed different baseline values; mean StO2 was 64.9% with BRUNO, 67.2% with BF and 73.2% with SRS. These findings highlight the effect of StO2 algorithm selection on oxygenation recovery; applying BRUNO in the clinical care setting could reveal further insight into complex haemodynamic processes occurring during neonatal brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Kovacsova
- Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Gemma Bale
- Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, UK
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Subhabrata Mitra
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London and Neonatal Unit, University College London Hospitals Trust, London, NW1 2BU, UK
| | - Frédéric Lange
- Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Ilias Tachtsidis
- Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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24
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Pirovano I, Porcelli S, Re R, Spinelli L, Contini D, Marzorati M, Torricelli A. Effect of adipose tissue thickness and tissue optical properties on the differential pathlength factor estimation for NIRS studies on human skeletal muscle. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:571-587. [PMID: 33659090 PMCID: PMC7899498 DOI: 10.1364/boe.412447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We propose a quantitative and systematic investigation of the differential pathlength factor (DPF) behavior for skeletal muscles and its dependence on different factors, such as the subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness (ATT), the variations of the tissue absorption (µa ) and reduced scattering (µ's ) coefficients, and the source-detector distance. A time domain (TD) NIRS simulation study is performed in a two-layer geometry mimicking a human skeletal muscle with an overlying adipose tissue layer. The DPF decreases when µa increases, while it increases when µ's increases. Moreover, a positive correlation between DPF and ATT is found. These results are supported by an in-vivo TD NIRS study on vastus lateralis and biceps brachii muscles of eleven subjects at rest, showing a high inter-subject and inter-muscle variability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simone Porcelli
- Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Segrate, Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Rebecca Re
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Spinelli
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Contini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Marzorati
- Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Torricelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milan, Italy
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25
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Zhou X, Sobczak G, McKay CM, Litovsky RY. Comparing fNIRS signal qualities between approaches with and without short channels. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244186. [PMID: 33362260 PMCID: PMC7757903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive technique used to measure changes in oxygenated (HbO) and deoxygenated (HbR) hemoglobin, related to neuronal activity. fNIRS signals are contaminated by the systemic responses in the extracerebral tissue (superficial layer) of the head, as fNIRS uses a back-reflection measurement. Using shorter channels that are only sensitive to responses in the extracerebral tissue but not in the deeper layers where target neuronal activity occurs has been a 'gold standard' to reduce the systemic responses in the fNIRS data from adults. When shorter channels are not available or feasible for implementation, an alternative, i.e., anti-correlation (Anti-Corr) method has been adopted. To date, there has not been a study that directly assesses the outcomes from the two approaches. In this study, we compared the Anti-Corr method with the 'gold standard' in reducing systemic responses to improve fNIRS neural signal qualities. We used eight short channels (8-mm) in a group of adults, and conducted a principal component analysis (PCA) to extract two components that contributed the most to responses in the 8 short channels, which were assumed to contain the global components in the extracerebral tissue. We then used a general linear model (GLM), with and without including event-related regressors, to regress out the 2 principal components from regular fNIRS channels (30 mm), i.e., two GLM-PCA methods. Our results found that, the two GLM-PCA methods showed similar performance, both GLM-PCA methods and the Anti-Corr method improved fNIRS signal qualities, and the two GLM-PCA methods had better performance than the Anti-Corr method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Gabriel Sobczak
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Colette M. McKay
- Bionics Institute of Australia, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medical Bionics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ruth Y. Litovsky
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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26
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Shoushtarian M, Alizadehsani R, Khosravi A, Acevedo N, McKay CM, Nahavandi S, Fallon JB. Objective measurement of tinnitus using functional near-infrared spectroscopy and machine learning. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241695. [PMID: 33206675 PMCID: PMC7673524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic tinnitus is a debilitating condition which affects 10-20% of adults and can severely impact their quality of life. Currently there is no objective measure of tinnitus that can be used clinically. Clinical assessment of the condition uses subjective feedback from individuals which is not always reliable. We investigated the sensitivity of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to differentiate individuals with and without tinnitus and to identify fNIRS features associated with subjective ratings of tinnitus severity. We recorded fNIRS signals in the resting state and in response to auditory or visual stimuli from 25 individuals with chronic tinnitus and 21 controls matched for age and hearing loss. Severity of tinnitus was rated using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory and subjective ratings of tinnitus loudness and annoyance were measured on a visual analogue scale. Following statistical group comparisons, machine learning methods including feature extraction and classification were applied to the fNIRS features to classify patients with tinnitus and controls and differentiate tinnitus at different severity levels. Resting state measures of connectivity between temporal regions and frontal and occipital regions were significantly higher in patients with tinnitus compared to controls. In the tinnitus group, temporal-occipital connectivity showed a significant increase with subject ratings of loudness. Also in this group, both visual and auditory evoked responses were significantly reduced in the visual and auditory regions of interest respectively. Naïve Bayes classifiers were able to classify patients with tinnitus from controls with an accuracy of 78.3%. An accuracy of 87.32% was achieved using Neural Networks to differentiate patients with slight/ mild versus moderate/ severe tinnitus. Our findings show the feasibility of using fNIRS and machine learning to develop an objective measure of tinnitus. Such a measure would greatly benefit clinicians and patients by providing a tool to objectively assess new treatments and patients' treatment progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnaz Shoushtarian
- The Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Medical Bionics Department, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Roohallah Alizadehsani
- Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI), Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Abbas Khosravi
- Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI), Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nicola Acevedo
- The Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Colette M. McKay
- The Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Medical Bionics Department, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Saeid Nahavandi
- Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI), Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - James B. Fallon
- The Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Medical Bionics Department, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Otolaryngology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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27
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Menant JC, Maidan I, Alcock L, Al-Yahya E, Cerasa A, Clark DJ, de Bruin ED, Fraser S, Gramigna V, Hamacher D, Herold F, Holtzer R, Izzetoglu M, Lim S, Pantall A, Pelicioni P, Peters S, Rosso AL, St George R, Stuart S, Vasta R, Vitorio R, Mirelman A. A consensus guide to using functional near-infrared spectroscopy in posture and gait research. Gait Posture 2020; 82:254-265. [PMID: 32987345 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is increasingly used in the field of posture and gait to investigate patterns of cortical brain activation while people move freely. fNIRS methods, analysis and reporting of data vary greatly across studies which in turn can limit the replication of research, interpretation of findings and comparison across works. RESEARCH QUESTION AND METHODS Considering these issues, we propose a set of practical recommendations for the conduct and reporting of fNIRS studies in posture and gait, acknowledging specific challenges related to clinical groups with posture and gait disorders. RESULTS Our paper is organized around three main sections: 1) hardware set up and study protocols, 2) artefact removal and data processing and, 3) outcome measures, validity and reliability; it is supplemented with a detailed checklist. SIGNIFICANCE This paper was written by a core group of members of the International Society for Posture and Gait Research and posture and gait researchers, all experienced in fNIRS research, with the intent of assisting the research community to lead innovative and impactful fNIRS studies in the field of posture and gait, whilst ensuring standardization of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine C Menant
- Neuroscience Research Australia, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Inbal Maidan
- Laboratory for Early Markers of Neurodegeneration (LEMON), Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition, and Mobility (CMCM), Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Israel; Department of Neurology, Sackler School of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lisa Alcock
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Emad Al-Yahya
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Movement Science Group, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Antonio Cerasa
- IRIB, National Research Council, Mangone, CS, Italy; S. Anna Institute and Research in Advanced Neurorehabilitation (RAN), Crotone, Italy
| | - David J Clark
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Eling D de Bruin
- Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Sarah Fraser
- École interdisciplinaire des sciences de la santé (Interdisciplinary School of Health sciences), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vera Gramigna
- Neuroscience Research Center, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Dennis Hamacher
- German University for Health and Sports, (DHGS), Berlin, Germany
| | - Fabian Herold
- Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Otto Von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Roee Holtzer
- Yeshiva University, Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Meltem Izzetoglu
- Villanova University, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Villanova, PA, USA
| | - Shannon Lim
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Annette Pantall
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Paulo Pelicioni
- Neuroscience Research Australia, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sue Peters
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Rehabilitation Research Program, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Andrea L Rosso
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Rebecca St George
- Sensorimotor Neuroscience and Ageing Research Group, School of Psychological Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Samuel Stuart
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Roberta Vasta
- Neuroscience Research Center, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rodrigo Vitorio
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Anat Mirelman
- Laboratory for Early Markers of Neurodegeneration (LEMON), Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition, and Mobility (CMCM), Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Israel; Department of Neurology, Sackler School of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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28
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New Directions in Exercise Prescription: Is There a Role for Brain-Derived Parameters Obtained by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy? Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10060342. [PMID: 32503207 PMCID: PMC7348779 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10060342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the literature, it is well established that regular physical exercise is a powerful strategy to promote brain health and to improve cognitive performance. However, exact knowledge about which exercise prescription would be optimal in the setting of exercise–cognition science is lacking. While there is a strong theoretical rationale for using indicators of internal load (e.g., heart rate) in exercise prescription, the most suitable parameters have yet to be determined. In this perspective article, we discuss the role of brain-derived parameters (e.g., brain activity) as valuable indicators of internal load which can be beneficial for individualizing the exercise prescription in exercise–cognition research. Therefore, we focus on the application of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), since this neuroimaging modality provides specific advantages, making it well suited for monitoring cortical hemodynamics as a proxy of brain activity during physical exercise.
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29
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Blaney G, Sassaroli A, Pham T, Fernandez C, Fantini S. Phase dual-slopes in frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy for enhanced sensitivity to brain tissue: First applications to human subjects. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e201960018. [PMID: 31479582 PMCID: PMC9219023 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201960018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a first in vivo application of phase dual-slopes (DSϕ), measured with frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy on four healthy human subjects, to demonstrate their enhanced sensitivity to cerebral hemodynamics. During arterial blood pressure oscillations elicited at a frequency of 0.1 Hz, we compare three different ways to analyze either intensity (I) or phase (ϕ) data collected on the subject's forehead at multiple source-detector distances: Single-distance, single-slope and DS. Theoretical calculations based on diffusion theory show that the method with the deepest maximal sensitivity (at about 11 mm) is DSϕ. The in vivo results indicate a qualitative difference of phase data (especially DSϕ) and intensity data (especially single-distance intensity [SDI]), which we assign to stronger contributions from scalp hemodynamics to SDI and from cortical hemodynamics to DSϕ. Our findings suggest that scalp hemodynamic oscillations may be dominated by blood volume dynamics, whereas cortical hemodynamics may be dominated by blood flow velocity dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giles Blaney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts University, Medford MA, USA
| | - Angelo Sassaroli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts University, Medford MA, USA
| | - Thao Pham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts University, Medford MA, USA
| | | | - Sergio Fantini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts University, Medford MA, USA
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30
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Zhang Y, Liu X, Wang Q, Liu D, Yang C, Sun J. Influence of extracerebral layers on estimates of optical properties with continuous wave near infrared spectroscopy: analysis based on multi-layered brain tissue architecture and Monte Carlo simulation. Comput Assist Surg (Abingdon) 2019; 24:144-150. [PMID: 30676092 DOI: 10.1080/24699322.2018.1557902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous wave near-infrared spectroscopy (CW-NIRS) can be used to measure cerebral activity because it is noninvasive, simple and portable. However, the performance of the continuous wave near-infrared spectroscopy is distorted by the presence of extracerebral layer. Change of optical parameters in gray matter layer will then be inappropriately converted into the brain activity response. In the current study, a five-layer structure model constitute of scalp, skull, cerebrospinal fluid, gray matter and white matter, have been applied to fabricate human brain tissue. The phantom is made by the mixture of the Intralipid, India ink and agar. The optical parameters of gray matter layer can be flexibly adjusted to simulate the change of the deep brain tissue. The near infrared optical measurement system was designed to detect the changes in the absorption coefficients of the gray matter and quantitative analyze the influence of the extracerebral layers. Monte Carlo technique for the equivalent multi-layered brain tissue models is then performed to compensate partial volume effect introduced by the extracerebral layers. The results of the experiments suggested that the extracerebral layers influence the measurement and the influence of the extracerebral layers can be suppressed by correcting partial volume effect using Monte Carlo simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automaton, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , China
| | - Qisong Wang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automaton, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automaton, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , China
| | - Chunling Yang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automaton, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , China
| | - Jinwei Sun
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automaton, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , China
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31
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Sassaroli A, Blaney G, Fantini S. Dual-slope method for enhanced depth sensitivity in diffuse optical spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2019; 36:1743-1761. [PMID: 31674440 PMCID: PMC7160974 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.36.001743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Using diffusion theory, we show that a dual-slope method is more effective than single-slope methods or single-distance methods at enhancing sensitivity to deeper tissue. The dual-slope method requires a minimum of two sources and two detectors arranged in specially configured arrays. In particular, we present diffusion theory results for a symmetrical linear array of two sources (separated by 55 mm) that sandwich two detectors (separated by 15 mm), for which dual slopes achieve maximal sensitivity at a depth of about 5 mm for direct current (DC) intensity (as measured in continuous-wave spectroscopy) and 11 mm for phase (as measured in frequency-domain spectroscopy) under typical values of the tissue optical properties (absorption coefficient: ∼0.01mm-1, reduced scattering coefficient: ∼1mm-1). This result is a major advance over single-distance or single-slope data, which feature maximal sensitivity to shallow tissue (<2mm for the intensity, <5mm for the phase).
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32
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von Lühmann A, Boukouvalas Z, Müller KR, Adalı T. A new blind source separation framework for signal analysis and artifact rejection in functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. Neuroimage 2019; 200:72-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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33
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Karen T, Kleiser S, Ostojic D, Isler H, Guglielmini S, Bassler D, Wolf M, Scholkmann F. Cerebral hemodynamic responses in preterm-born neonates to visual stimulation: classification according to subgroups and analysis of frontotemporal-occipital functional connectivity. NEUROPHOTONICS 2019; 6:045005. [PMID: 31720310 PMCID: PMC6832016 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.6.4.045005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
How neurovascular coupling develops in preterm-born neonates has been largely neglected in scientific research. We measured visually evoked (flicker light) hemodynamic responses (HRs) in preterm-born neonates ( n = 25 , gestational age: 31.71 ± 3.37 weeks, postnatal age: 25.48 ± 23.94 days) at the visual cortex (VC) and left frontotemporal lobe (FTL) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) neuroimaging. We found that the HR characteristics show a large intersubject variability but could be classified into three groups according to the changes of oxyhemoglobin concentration at the VC [(A) increase, (B) decrease, or (C) inconclusive]. In groups A and B, the HRs at the left FTL were correlated with those at the VC, indicating the presence of a frontotemporal-occipital functional connectivity. Neonates in group A had a higher weight at measurement compared to those in group B, and had the lowest baseline total hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit compared to group C. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first fNIRS study showing (1) that the HRs of preterm-born neonates need to be classified into subgroups, (2) that the subgroups differed in terms of weight at measurement, and (3) that HRs can be observed also at the FTL during visual stimulation. These findings add insights into how neurovascular coupling develops in preterm-born neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Karen
- University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Zurich, Switzerland
- Address all correspondence to Tanja Karen, E-mail:
| | - Stefan Kleiser
- University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Zurich, Switzerland
- OxyPrem AG, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ostojic
- University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Zurich, Switzerland
- OxyPrem AG, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Helene Isler
- University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabino Guglielmini
- University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Bassler
- University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Wolf
- University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Zurich, Switzerland
- OxyPrem AG, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felix Scholkmann
- University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Zurich, Switzerland
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34
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Prior physical synchrony enhances rapport and inter-brain synchronization during subsequent educational communication. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12747. [PMID: 31484977 PMCID: PMC6726616 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49257-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical synchrony has been suggested to have positive effects on not only concurrent but also subsequent communication, but the underlying neural processes are unclear. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning, we tested the effects of preceding physical synchrony on subsequent dyadic teaching-learning communication. Thirty-two pairs of participants performed two experimental sessions. In each session, they underwent a rhythmic arm movement block with synchronous or asynchronous conditions, and then taught/learned unknown words to/from each other according to a given scenario. Neural activities in their medial and left lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) were measured and inter-brain synchronization (IBS) during the teaching-learning blocks was evaluated. Participants rated their subjective rapport during the teaching-learning blocks, and took a word memory test. The analyses revealed that (1) prior physical synchrony enhanced teacher-learner rapport; (2) prior physical synchrony also enhanced IBS in the lateral PFC; and (3) IBS changes correlated positively with rapport changes. Physical synchrony did however not affect word memory performance. These results suggest that IBS can be useful to measure the effects of social-bonding facilitation activities for educational communication.
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35
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Schytz HW, Amin FM, Selb J, Boas DA. Non-invasive methods for measuring vascular changes in neurovascular headaches. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:633-649. [PMID: 28782410 PMCID: PMC6446419 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17724138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vascular changes during spontaneous headache attacks have been studied over the last 30 years. The interest in cerebral vessels in headache research was initially due to the hypothesis of cerebral vessels as the pain source. Here, we review the knowledge gained by measuring the cerebral vasculature during spontaneous primary headache attacks with the use of single photon emission tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRA) and transcranial Doppler (TCD). Furthermore, the use of near-infrared spectroscopy in headache research is reviewed. Existing TCD studies of migraine and other headache disorders do not provide solid evidence for cerebral blood flow velocity changes during spontaneous attacks of migraine headache. SPECT studies have clearly shown cortical vascular changes following migraine aura and the differences between migraine with aura compared to migraine without aura. PET studies have shown focal activation in brain structures related to headache, but whether the changes are specific to different primary headaches have yet to be demonstrated. MR angiography has shown precise changes in large cerebral vessels during spontaneous migraine without aura attacks. Future development in more precise imaging methods may further elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms in primary headaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik W Schytz
- 1 Danish Headache Center and Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Faisal M Amin
- 1 Danish Headache Center and Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Juliette Selb
- 2 Department of Radiology, MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - David A Boas
- 2 Department of Radiology, MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
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36
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Chincarini M, Qiu L, Spinelli L, Torricelli A, Minero M, Dalla Costa E, Mariscoli M, Ferri N, Giammarco M, Vignola G. Evaluation of Sheep Anticipatory Response to a Food Reward by Means of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. Animals (Basel) 2018; 9:ani9010011. [PMID: 30597931 PMCID: PMC6356716 DOI: 10.3390/ani9010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Anticipatory behaviour to an oncoming food reward can be triggered via classical conditioning, implies the activation of neural networks, and may serve to study the emotional state of animals. This work aimed to investigate how the anticipatory response affects cerebral cortex activity in sheep. Eight ewes were conditioned to associate a neutral auditory stimulus (water bubble) to a food reward (maize grains). Then, sheep were trained to wait 15 s before accessing the food (anticipatory phase). Behavioural reaction and changes in cortical oxy-haemoglobin ([ΔO2Hb]) and deoxy-haemoglobin ([ΔHHb]) concentration were recorded by functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). During the anticipatory phase, sheep increased their active behaviour together with a cortical activation (increase of [ΔO2Hb] and a decrease of [ΔHHb]) compared to baseline. Sheep showed a greater response of the right hemisphere compared to the left hemisphere, possibly indicating frustration. Behavioural and cortical changes observed during anticipation of a food reward reflect a learnt association and an increased arousal, but no clear emotional valence of the sheep subjective experience. Abstract Anticipatory behaviour to an oncoming food reward can be triggered via classical conditioning, implies the activation of neural networks, and may serve to study the emotional state of animals. The aim of this study was to investigate how the anticipatory response to a food reward affects the cerebral cortex activity in sheep. Eight ewes from the same flock were trained to associate a neutral auditory stimulus (water bubble) to the presence of a food reward (maize grains). Once conditioned, sheep were trained to wait 15 s behind a gate before accessing a bucket with food (anticipation phase). For 6 days, sheep were submitted to two sessions of six consecutive trials each. Behavioural reaction was filmed and changes in cortical oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin concentration ([ΔO2Hb] and [ΔHHb] respectively) following neuronal activation were recorded by functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Compared to baseline, during the anticipation phase sheep increased their active behaviour, kept the head oriented to the gate (Wilcoxon’s signed rank test; p ≤ 0.001), and showed more asymmetric ear posture (Wilcoxon’s signed rank test; p ≤ 0.01), most likely reflecting a learnt association and an increased arousal. Results of trial-averaged [ΔO2Hb] and [ΔHHb] within individual sheep showed in almost every sheep a cortical activation during the anticipation phase (Student T-test; p ≤ 0.05). The sheep showed a greater response of the right hemisphere compared to the left hemisphere, possibly indicating a negative affective state, such as frustration. Behavioural and cortical changes observed during anticipation of a food reward reflect a learnt association and an increased arousal, but no clear emotional valence of the sheep subjective experience. Future work should take into consideration possible factors affecting the accurateness of measures, such as probe’s location and scalp vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Chincarini
- Università degli Studi di Teramo, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Località Piano d'Accio S.P. 18, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Lina Qiu
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Spinelli
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Torricelli
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Michela Minero
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Dalla Costa
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Massimo Mariscoli
- Università degli Studi di Teramo, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Località Piano d'Accio S.P. 18, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Nicola Ferri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Melania Giammarco
- Università degli Studi di Teramo, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Località Piano d'Accio S.P. 18, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Vignola
- Università degli Studi di Teramo, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Località Piano d'Accio S.P. 18, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
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Herold F, Wiegel P, Scholkmann F, Müller NG. Applications of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) Neuroimaging in Exercise⁻Cognition Science: A Systematic, Methodology-Focused Review. J Clin Med 2018; 7:E466. [PMID: 30469482 PMCID: PMC6306799 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7120466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
For cognitive processes to function well, it is essential that the brain is optimally supplied with oxygen and blood. In recent years, evidence has emerged suggesting that cerebral oxygenation and hemodynamics can be modified with physical activity. To better understand the relationship between cerebral oxygenation/hemodynamics, physical activity, and cognition, the application of state-of-the art neuroimaging tools is essential. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is such a neuroimaging tool especially suitable to investigate the effects of physical activity/exercises on cerebral oxygenation and hemodynamics due to its capability to quantify changes in the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin (oxyHb) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (deoxyHb) non-invasively in the human brain. However, currently there is no clear standardized procedure regarding the application, data processing, and data analysis of fNIRS, and there is a large heterogeneity regarding how fNIRS is applied in the field of exercise⁻cognition science. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the current methodological knowledge about fNIRS application in studies measuring the cortical hemodynamic responses during cognitive testing (i) prior and after different physical activities interventions, and (ii) in cross-sectional studies accounting for the physical fitness level of their participants. Based on the review of the methodology of 35 as relevant considered publications, we outline recommendations for future fNIRS studies in the field of exercise⁻cognition science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Herold
- Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg 39120, Germany.
| | - Patrick Wiegel
- Department of Sport Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79117, Germany.
- Bernstein Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany.
| | - Felix Scholkmann
- Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland.
| | - Notger G Müller
- Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg 39120, Germany.
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg 39118, Germany.
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany.
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Siddiquee MR, Marquez JS, Atri R, Ramon R, Perry Mayrand R, Bai O. Movement artefact removal from NIRS signal using multi-channel IMU data. Biomed Eng Online 2018; 17:120. [PMID: 30200984 PMCID: PMC6131891 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-018-0554-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The non-invasive nature of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) makes it a widely accepted method for blood oxygenation measurement in various parts of the human body. One of the main challenges in this method lies in the successful removal of movement artefacts in the detected signal. In this respect, multi-channel inertia measurement unit (IMU) containing accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer can be used for better modelling of movement artefact than using accelerometer only, which as a result, movement artefact can be more accurately removed. Methods A wearable two-channel continuous wave NIRS system, incorporating an IMU sensor which contain accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer in it, was developed to record NIRS signal along with the simultaneous recording of movement artefacts related signal using the IMU. Four healthy subjects volunteered in the recording of the NIRS signals. During the recording from the first two subject, movement artefacts were simulated in one of the NIRS channels by tapping the photodiode sensor nearby. The corresponding IMU data for the simulated movement artefacts were used to estimate the artefacts in the corrupted signal by autoregressive with exogenous input method and subtracted from the corrupted signal to remove the artefacts in the NIRS signal. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement was used to evaluate the performance of the movement artefacts removal process. The performance of the movement artefacts estimation and removal were compared using accelerometer only, accelerometer and gyroscope, and accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer data from IMU sensor to estimate the artefact in NIRS reading. For the remaining two subjects the NIRS signal was recorded by natural movement artefacts impact and the results of artefacts removal was compared using accelerometer only, accelerometer and gyroscope, and accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer data from IMU sensor to estimate the artefact in NIRS reading. Results The quantitative and qualitative results revealed that the SNR improvement increases with the number of IMU channels used in the artefacts estimation, and there were approximately 5–11 dB increase in SNR when nine channel IMU data were used rather than using only three channel accelerometer data only. The artefact removal from natural movements also demonstrated that the combination of gyroscope and magnetometer sensors with accelerometer provided better estimation and removal of the movement artefacts, which was revealed by the minimal change of the HbO2 and Hb level before, during and after movement artefacts occurred in the NIRS signal. Conclusion The movement artefacts in NIRS can be more accurately estimated and removed by using accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetograph signals from an integrated IMU sensor than using accelerometer signal only.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roozbeh Atri
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33174, USA
| | - Rodrigo Ramon
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33174, USA
| | | | - Ou Bai
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33174, USA
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Witmer JS, Aeschlimann EA, Metz AJ, Troche SJ, Rammsayer TH. Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Recordings of Visuospatial Working Memory Processes. Part II: A Replication Study in Children on Sensitivity and Mental-Ability-Induced Differences in Functional Activation. Brain Sci 2018; 8:E152. [PMID: 30103538 PMCID: PMC6119993 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8080152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In a previous study in young adults, we showed that hemodynamic changes as measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) were sensitive for identifying visuospatial working memory (WM)-related functional brain activation in the prefrontal cortex. This functional activation, however, could not be verified for participants with far-above-average mental ability, suggesting different cognitive processes adopted by this group. The present study was designed to confirm these findings in 11- to 13-year-old children by applying the same study design, experimental task, fNIRS setup, and statistical approach. We successfully replicated the earlier findings on sensitivity of fNIRS with regard to visuospatial WM-specific task demands in our children sample. Likewise, mental-ability-induced differences in functional activation were even more pronounced in the children compared with in the young adults. By testing a children sample, we were able to not only replicate our previous findings based on adult participants but also generalize the validity of these findings to children. This latter aspect seems to be of particular significance considering the relatively large number of fNIRS studies on WM performance in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle S Witmer
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Eva A Aeschlimann
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Andreas J Metz
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Stefan J Troche
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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Kleiser S, Ostojic D, Nasseri N, Isler H, Bucher HU, Bassler D, Wolf M, Scholkmann F, Karen T. In vivo precision assessment of a near-infrared spectroscopy-based tissue oximeter (OxyPrem v1.3) in neonates considering systemic hemodynamic fluctuations. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2018; 23:1-10. [PMID: 29905038 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.6.067003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to determine the precision of a noninvasive near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-based tissue oximeter (OxyPrem v1.3). Using a linear mixed-effects model, we quantified the variability for cerebral tissue oxygenation (StO2) measurements in 35 preterm neonates to be 2.64%, a value that meets the often-articulated clinicians' demand for a precise tissue oxygenation measurement. We showed that the variability of StO2 values measured was dominated by spontaneous systemic hemodynamic fluctuations during the measurement, meaning that precision of the instrument was actually even better. Based on simultaneous and continuous measurements of peripheral arterial oxygenation and cerebral StO2 with a second sensor, we were able to determine and quantify the physiological instability precisely. We presented different methods and analyses aiming at reducing this systematic physiological error of in vivo precision assessments. Using these methods, we estimated the precision of the OxyPrem tissue oximeter to be ≤ 1.85 % . With our study, we deliver relevant information to establish highly precise cerebral oxygenation measurements with NIRS-based oximetry, facilitating the further development toward a substantially improved diagnosis and treatment of patients with respect to brain oxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kleiser
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ostojic
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department, Switzerland
| | - Nassim Nasseri
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department, Switzerland
- University of Bern, Institute of Complementary Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Helene Isler
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department, Switzerland
| | - Hans Ulrich Bucher
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Bassler
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department, Switzerland
| | - Martin Wolf
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department, Switzerland
| | - Felix Scholkmann
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department, Switzerland
- University of Bern, Institute of Complementary Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tanja Karen
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department, Switzerland
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Jahani S, Setarehdan SK, Boas DA, Yücel MA. Motion artifact detection and correction in functional near-infrared spectroscopy: a new hybrid method based on spline interpolation method and Savitzky-Golay filtering. NEUROPHOTONICS 2018; 5:015003. [PMID: 29430471 PMCID: PMC5803523 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.5.1.015003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Motion artifact contamination in near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) data has become an important challenge in realizing the full potential of NIRS for real-life applications. Various motion correction algorithms have been used to alleviate the effect of motion artifacts on the estimation of the hemodynamic response function. While smoothing methods, such as wavelet filtering, are excellent in removing motion-induced sharp spikes, the baseline shifts in the signal remain after this type of filtering. Methods, such as spline interpolation, on the other hand, can properly correct baseline shifts; however, they leave residual high-frequency spikes. We propose a hybrid method that takes advantage of different correction algorithms. This method first identifies the baseline shifts and corrects them using a spline interpolation method or targeted principal component analysis. The remaining spikes, on the other hand, are corrected by smoothing methods: Savitzky-Golay (SG) filtering or robust locally weighted regression and smoothing. We have compared our new approach with the existing correction algorithms in terms of hemodynamic response function estimation using the following metrics: mean-squared error, peak-to-peak error ([Formula: see text]), Pearson's correlation ([Formula: see text]), and the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve. We found that spline-SG hybrid method provides reasonable improvements in all these metrics with a relatively short computational time. The dataset and the code used in this study are made available online for the use of all interested researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Jahani
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States
- University of Tehran, College of Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed K. Setarehdan
- University of Tehran, College of Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence, Tehran, Iran
| | - David A. Boas
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States
- Boston University, Neurophotonics Center, Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Meryem A. Yücel
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States
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Scholkmann F, Hafner T, Metz AJ, Wolf M, Wolf U. Effect of short-term colored-light exposure on cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation, and systemic physiological activity. NEUROPHOTONICS 2017; 4:045005. [PMID: 29181427 PMCID: PMC5695650 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.4.4.045005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
There is not yet a comprehensive view of how the color of light affects the cerebral and systemic physiology in humans. The aim was to address this deficit through basic research. Since cerebral and systemic physiological parameters are likely to interact, it was necessary to establish an approach, which we have termed "systemic-physiology-augmented functional near-infrared spectroscopy (SPA-fNIRS) neuroimaging." This multimodal approach measures the systemic and cerebral physiological response to exposure to light of different colors. In 14 healthy subjects (9 men, 5 women, age: [Formula: see text] years, range: 24 to 57 years) exposed to red, green, and blue light (10-min intermittent wide-field visual color stimulation; [Formula: see text] blocks of visual stimulation), brain hemodynamics and oxygenation were measured by fNIRS on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and visual cortex (VC) simultaneously, in addition with systemic parameters. This study demonstrated that (i) all colors elicited responses in the VC, whereas only blue evoked a response in the PFC; (ii) there was a color-dependent effect on cardiorespiratory activity; (iii) there was significant change in neurosystemic functional connectivity; (iv) cerebral hemodynamic responses in the PFC and changes in the cardiovascular system were gender and age dependent; and (v) electrodermal activity and psychological state showed no stimulus-evoked changes, and there was no dependence on color of light, age, and gender. We showed that short-term light exposure caused color-dependent responses in cerebral hemodynamics/oxygenation as well as cardiorespiratory dynamics. Additionally, we showed that neurosystemic functional connectivity changes even during apparently stress-free tasks-an important consideration when using any of the hemodynamic neuroimaging methods (e.g. functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and fNIRS). Our findings are important for future basic research and clinical applications as well as being relevant for everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Scholkmann
- University of Bern, Institute of Complementary Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Neonatology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Timo Hafner
- University of Bern, Institute of Complementary Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Martin Wolf
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Neonatology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Wolf
- University of Bern, Institute of Complementary Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
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Herold F, Wiegel P, Scholkmann F, Thiers A, Hamacher D, Schega L. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy in movement science: a systematic review on cortical activity in postural and walking tasks. NEUROPHOTONICS 2017; 4:041403. [PMID: 28924563 PMCID: PMC5538329 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.4.4.041403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Safe locomotion is a crucial aspect of human daily living that requires well-functioning motor control processes. The human neuromotor control of daily activities such as walking relies on the complex interaction of subcortical and cortical areas. Technical developments in neuroimaging systems allow the quantification of cortical activation during the execution of motor tasks. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) seems to be a promising tool to monitor motor control processes in cortical areas in freely moving subjects. However, so far, there is no established standardized protocol regarding the application and data processing of fNIRS signals that limits the comparability among studies. Hence, this systematic review aimed to summarize the current knowledge about application and data processing in fNIRS studies dealing with walking or postural tasks. Fifty-six articles of an initial yield of 1420 publications were reviewed and information about methodology, data processing, and findings were extracted. Based on our results, we outline the recommendations with respect to the design and data processing of fNIRS studies. Future perspectives of measuring fNIRS signals in movement science are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Herold
- Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Institute III, Department of Sport Science, Magdeburg, Germany
- Address all correspondence to: Fabian Herold, E-mail:
| | - Patrick Wiegel
- University of Freiburg, Department of Sport Science, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Felix Scholkmann
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Angelina Thiers
- Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Institute III, Department of Sport Science, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dennis Hamacher
- Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Institute III, Department of Sport Science, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lutz Schega
- Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Institute III, Department of Sport Science, Magdeburg, Germany
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Pinti P, Merla A, Aichelburg C, Lind F, Power S, Swingler E, Hamilton A, Gilbert S, Burgess PW, Tachtsidis I. A novel GLM-based method for the Automatic IDentification of functional Events (AIDE) in fNIRS data recorded in naturalistic environments. Neuroimage 2017; 155:291-304. [PMID: 28476662 PMCID: PMC5518772 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent technological advances have allowed the development of portable functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) devices that can be used to perform neuroimaging in the real-world. However, as real-world experiments are designed to mimic everyday life situations, the identification of event onsets can be extremely challenging and time-consuming. Here, we present a novel analysis method based on the general linear model (GLM) least square fit analysis for the Automatic IDentification of functional Events (or AIDE) directly from real-world fNIRS neuroimaging data. In order to investigate the accuracy and feasibility of this method, as a proof-of-principle we applied the algorithm to (i) synthetic fNIRS data simulating both block-, event-related and mixed-design experiments and (ii) experimental fNIRS data recorded during a conventional lab-based task (involving maths). AIDE was able to recover functional events from simulated fNIRS data with an accuracy of 89%, 97% and 91% for the simulated block-, event-related and mixed-design experiments respectively. For the lab-based experiment, AIDE recovered more than the 66.7% of the functional events from the fNIRS experimental measured data. To illustrate the strength of this method, we then applied AIDE to fNIRS data recorded by a wearable system on one participant during a complex real-world prospective memory experiment conducted outside the lab. As part of the experiment, there were four and six events (actions where participants had to interact with a target) for the two different conditions respectively (condition 1: social-interact with a person; condition 2: non-social-interact with an object). AIDE managed to recover 3/4 events and 3/6 events for conditions 1 and 2 respectively. The identified functional events were then corresponded to behavioural data from the video recordings of the movements and actions of the participant. Our results suggest that "brain-first" rather than "behaviour-first" analysis is possible and that the present method can provide a novel solution to analyse real-world fNIRS data, filling the gap between real-life testing and functional neuroimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Pinti
- Infrared Imaging Lab, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technology (ITAB), Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, UK.
| | - Arcangelo Merla
- Infrared Imaging Lab, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technology (ITAB), Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | | | - Frida Lind
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK
| | - Sarah Power
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, UK
| | | | - Antonia Hamilton
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK
| | - Sam Gilbert
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK
| | - Paul W Burgess
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK
| | - Ilias Tachtsidis
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, UK
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Balardin JB, Zimeo Morais GA, Furucho RA, Trambaiolli LR, Sato JR. Impact of communicative head movements on the quality of functional near-infrared spectroscopy signals: negligible effects for affirmative and negative gestures and consistent artifacts related to raising eyebrows. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:46010. [PMID: 28451693 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.4.046010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is currently one of the most promising tools in the neuroscientific research to study brain hemodynamics during naturalistic social communication. The application of fNIRS by studies in this field of knowledge has been widely justified by its strong resilience to motion artifacts, including those that might be generated by communicative head and facial movements. Previous studies have focused on the identification and correction of these artifacts, but a quantification of the differential contribution of common communicative movements on the quality of fNIRS signals is still missing. We assessed the impact of four movements (nodding head up and down, reading aloud, nodding head sideways, and raising eyebrows) performed during rest and task conditions on two metrics of signal quality control: an estimative of signal-to-noise performance and the negative correlation between oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb and deoxy-Hb). Channel-wise group analysis confirmed the robustness of the fNIRS technique to head nodding movements but showed a large effect of raising eyebrows in both signal quality control metrics, both during task and rest conditions. Reading aloud did not disrupt the expected anticorrelation between oxy-Hb and deoxy-Hb but had a relatively large effect on signal-to-noise performance. These findings may have implications to the interpretation of fNIRS studies examining communicative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Bisol Balardin
- Universidade Federal do ABC, Center of Mathematics Computing and Cognition, São Bernardo do Campo, BrazilbInstituto do Cérebro, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rogério Akira Furucho
- Universidade Federal do ABC, Center of Mathematics Computing and Cognition, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Romualdo Trambaiolli
- Universidade Federal do ABC, Center of Mathematics Computing and Cognition, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - João Ricardo Sato
- Universidade Federal do ABC, Center of Mathematics Computing and Cognition, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
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Vrana A, Meier ML, Hotz‐Boendermaker S, Humphreys BK, Scholkmann F. Different mechanosensory stimulations of the lower back elicit specific changes in hemodynamics and oxygenation in cortical sensorimotor areas-A fNIRS study. Brain Behav 2016; 6:e00575. [PMID: 28031998 PMCID: PMC5167005 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This study aimed at investigating the feasibility of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure changes in cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation evoked by painful and nonpainful mechanosensory stimulation on the lower back. The main objectives were to investigate whether cortical activity can be (1) detected using functional fNIRS, and (2) if it is possible to distinguish between painful and nonpainful pressure as well as a tactile brushing stimulus based on relative changes in oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin ([O2Hb] and [HHb]). METHODS Twenty right-handed subjects (33.5 ± 10.7 years; range 20-61 years; 8 women) participated in the study. Painful and nonpainful pressure stimulation was exerted with a thumb grip perpendicularly to the spinous process of the lumbar spine. Tactile stimulation was realized by a one-finger brushing. The supplementary motor area (SMA) and primary somatosensory cortex (S1) were measured bilaterally using a multichannel continuous-wave fNIRS imaging system. RESULTS Characteristic relative changes in [O2Hb] in the SMA and S1 after both pressure stimulations (corrected for multiple comparison) were observed. [HHb] showed only much weaker changes (uncorrected). The brushing stimulus did not reveal any significant changes in [O2Hb] or [HHb]. CONCLUSION The results indicate that fNIRS is sensitive enough to detect varying hemodynamic responses to different types of mechanosensory stimulation. The acquired data will serve as a foundation for further investigations in patients with chronic lower back pain. The future aim is to disentangle possible maladaptive neuroplastic changes in sensorimotor areas during painful and nonpainful lower back stimulations based on fNIRS neuroimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vrana
- Interdisciplinary Spinal ResearchDepartment of Chiropractic MedicineUniversity Hospital of BalgristZurichSwitzerland
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Human Movement SciencesETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Michael L. Meier
- Interdisciplinary Spinal ResearchDepartment of Chiropractic MedicineUniversity Hospital of BalgristZurichSwitzerland
| | - Sabina Hotz‐Boendermaker
- Interdisciplinary Spinal ResearchDepartment of Chiropractic MedicineUniversity Hospital of BalgristZurichSwitzerland
| | - Barry K. Humphreys
- Interdisciplinary Spinal ResearchDepartment of Chiropractic MedicineUniversity Hospital of BalgristZurichSwitzerland
| | - Felix Scholkmann
- Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory (BORL)Department of NeonatologyUniversity Hospital ZurichUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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Nguyen HD, Hong KS, Shin YI. Bundled-Optode Method in Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165146. [PMID: 27788178 PMCID: PMC5082888 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a theory for detection of the absolute concentrations of oxy-hemoglobin (HbO) and deoxy-hemoglobin (HbR) from hemodynamic responses using a bundled-optode configuration in functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is proposed. The proposed method is then applied to the identification of two fingers (i.e., little and thumb) during their flexion and extension. This experiment involves a continuous-wave-type dual-wavelength (760 and 830 nm) fNIRS and five healthy male subjects. The active brain locations of two finger movements are identified based on the analysis of the t- and p-values of the averaged HbOs, which are quite distinctive. Our experimental results, furthermore, revealed that the hemodynamic responses of two-finger movements are different: The mean, peak, and time-to-peak of little finger movements are higher than those of thumb movements. It is noteworthy that the developed method can be extended to 3-dimensional fNIRS imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang-Dung Nguyen
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Keum-Shik Hong
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Yong-Il Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University & Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, 20, Geumo-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
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Nguyen HD, Hong KS. Bundled-optode implementation for 3D imaging in functional near-infrared spectroscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:3491-3507. [PMID: 27699115 PMCID: PMC5030027 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.003491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)-based bundled-optode method for detection of the changes of oxy-hemoglobin (HbO) and deoxy-hemoglobin (HbR) concentrations. fNIRS with 32 optodes is utilized to measure five healthy male subjects' brain-hemodynamic responses to arithmetic tasks. Specifically, the coordinates of 256 voxels in the three-dimensional (3D) volume are computed according to the known probe geometry. The mean path length factor in the Beer-Lambert equation is estimated as a function of the emitter-detector distance, which is utilized for computation of the absorption coefficient. The mean values of HbO and HbR obtained from the absorption coefficient are then applied for construction of a 3D fNIRS image. Our results show that the proposed method, as compared with the conventional approach, can detect brain activity with higher spatial resolution. This method can be extended for 3D fNIRS imaging in real-time applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang-Dung Nguyen
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Keum-Shik Hong
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, South Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, South Korea
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Modelling confounding effects from extracerebral contamination and systemic factors on functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Neuroimage 2016; 143:91-105. [PMID: 27591921 PMCID: PMC5139986 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemodynamics-based neuroimaging is widely used to study brain function. Regional blood flow changes characteristic of neurovascular coupling provide an important marker of neuronal activation. However, changes in systemic physiological parameters such as blood pressure and concentration of CO2 can also affect regional blood flow and may confound haemodynamics-based neuroimaging. Measurements with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) may additionally be confounded by blood flow and oxygenation changes in extracerebral tissue layers. Here we investigate these confounds using an extended version of an existing computational model of cerebral physiology, ‘BrainSignals’. Our results show that confounding from systemic physiological factors is able to produce misleading haemodynamic responses in both positive and negative directions. By applying the model to data from previous fNIRS studies, we demonstrate that such potentially deceptive responses can indeed occur in at least some experimental scenarios. It is therefore important to record the major potential confounders in the course of fNIRS experiments. Our model may then allow the observed behaviour to be attributed among the potential causes and hence reduce identification errors. Confounding of fNIRS haemoglobin signals is simulated using a computational model. Model is extended to simulate scalp haemodynamics. Changes in blood pressure and CO2 can mimic and mask functional activation. Experimental recording of systemic factors is recommended to aid interpretation.
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Lal C, Leahy MJ. An Updated Review of Methods and Advancements in Microvascular Blood Flow Imaging. Microcirculation 2016; 23:345-63. [DOI: 10.1111/micc.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cerine Lal
- Department of Applied Physics; Tissue Optics and Microcirculation Imaging; National University of Ireland; Galway Ireland
| | - Martin J Leahy
- Department of Applied Physics; Tissue Optics and Microcirculation Imaging; National University of Ireland; Galway Ireland
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
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