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Najari E, Zamani S, Sheikh Arabi M, Ardebili A. Antimicrobial photodynamic effect of the photosensitizer riboflavin, alone and in combination with colistin, against pandrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates. J Infect Chemother 2024; 30:892-898. [PMID: 38432556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Development of multi-, extensively-, and pandrug-resistant (MDR, XDR, and PDR) strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa remains a major problem in medical care. The present study evaluated the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as a monotherapy and in combination with colistin against P. aeruginosa isolates. METHODS Two P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from patients with respiratory tract infections were examined in this study. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of colistin was determined by the colistin broth disk elution (CBDE) and the reference broth microdilution (rBMD) methods. aPDT was performed using the photosensitizer (Ps) riboflavin at several concentrations and a light-emitting diode (LED) emitting blue light for different irradiation times with or without colistin at 1/2 × MIC concentration. RESULTS Both PA1 and PA2 isolates were identified as colistin-resistant P. aeruginosa with a MIC ≥4 μg/mL by the CBDE and MICs of 512 μg/mL and 256 μg/mL, respectively, by the rBMD. In aPDT, neither riboflavin nor LED light alone had antibacterial effects. The values of colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) in both isolates were significantly reduced by LED + Ps treatments in a time-dependent manner (LED irradiation time) and dose-dependent manner (Ps concentration). In comparison with control, treatment with Ps (50 μM) + LED (120 s) and Ps (100 μM) + LED (120 s) resulted in 0.27 log10 CFU/mL and 0.43 log10 CFU/mL reductions in PA1, and 0.28 log10 CFU/mL and 0.34 log10 CFU/mL reductions in PA2, respectively, (P < 0.01). The best results were obtained after the combination of aPDT followed by colistin, which increased bacterial reduction, resulting in a 0.41-0.7 log10 CFU/mL reduction for PA1 and 0.35-0.83 log10 CFU/mL reduction for PA2 (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests the potential implications of aPDT in combination with antibiotics, such as colistin for treatment of difficult-to-treat P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Najari
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Samin Zamani
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Sheikh Arabi
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Abdollah Ardebili
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
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Pourhajibagher M, Javanmard Z, Bahador A. Molecular docking and antimicrobial activities of photoexcited inhibitors in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against Enterococcus faecalis biofilms in endodontic infections. AMB Express 2024; 14:94. [PMID: 39215887 PMCID: PMC11365891 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-024-01751-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a promising approach to combat antibiotic resistance in endodontic infections. It eliminates residual bacteria from the root canal space and reduces the need for antibiotics. To enhance its effectiveness, an in silico and in vitro study was performed to investigate the potential of targeted aPDT using natural photosensitizers, Kojic acid and Parietin. This approach aims to inhibit the biofilm formation of Enterococcus faecalis, a frequent cause of endodontic infections, by targeting the Ace and Esp proteins. After determining the physicochemical characteristics of Ace and Esp proteins and model quality assessment, the molecular dynamic simulation was performed to recognize the structural variations. The stability and physical movement of the protein-ligand complexes were evaluated. In silico molecular docking was conducted, followed by ADME/Tox profiling, pharmacokinetics characteristics, and assessment of drug-likeness properties of the natural photosensitizers. The study also investigated the changes in the expression of genes (esp and ace) involved in E. faecalis biofilm formation. The results showed that both Kojic acid and Parietin complied with Lipinski's rule of five and exhibited drug-like properties. In silico analysis indicated stable complexes between Ace and Esp proteins and the natural photosensitizers. The molecular docking studies demonstrated good binding affinity. Additionally, the expression of the ace and esp genes was significantly downregulated in aPDT using Kojic acid and Parietin with blue light compared to the control group. This investigation concluded that Kojic acid and Parietin with drug-likeness could efficiently interact with Ace and Esp proteins with a strong binding affinity. Hence, natural photosensitizers-mediated aPDT can be considered a promising adjunctive treatment against endodontic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Pourhajibagher
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Javanmard
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Bahador
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Fellowship in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, BioHealth Lab, Tehran, Iran.
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Shi R, Zhu Y, Lu W, Zhai R, Zhou M, Shi S, Chen Y. Nanomaterials: innovative approaches for addressing key objectives in periodontitis treatment. RSC Adv 2024; 14:27904-27927. [PMID: 39224639 PMCID: PMC11367407 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03809f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily caused by dental plaque, which is a significant global public health concern due to its high prevalence and severe impact on oral, and even systemic diseases. The current therapeutic plan focuses on three objectives: pathogenic bacteria inhibition, inflammation control, and osteogenic differentiation induction. Existing treatments still have plenty of drawbacks, thus, there is a pressing need for novel methods to achieve more effective treatment effects. Nanomaterials, as emerging materials, have been proven to exert their inherent biological properties or serve as stable drug delivery platforms, which may offer innovative solutions in periodontitis treatment. Nanomaterials utilized in periodontitis treatment fall into two categories, organic and inorganic nanomaterials. Organic nanomaterials are known for their biocompatibility and their potential to promote tissue regeneration and cell functions, including natural and synthetic polymers. Inorganic nanomaterials, such as metal, oxides, and mesoporous silica nanoparticles, exhibit unique physicochemical properties that make them suitable as antibacterial agents and drug delivery platforms. The inorganic nanosurface provides terrain induction for cell migration and osteogenic regeneration at defect sites by introducing different surface morphologies. Inorganic nanomaterials also play a role in antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) for eliminating pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavity. In this review, we will introduce multiple forms and applications of nanomaterials in periodontitis treatment and focus on their roles in addressing the key therapeutic objectives, to emphasize their promising future in achieving more effective and patient-friendly approaches toward periodontal tissue regeneration and overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijianghan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Yujie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Weitong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Ruohan Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Mi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Sirong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China
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Amaral AL, Hamblin MR, Andrade SA. What is the potential of antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal photodynamic therapy in dentistry? Evid Based Dent 2024:10.1038/s41432-024-01049-9. [PMID: 39122850 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-024-01049-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
DESIGN A review of the principal clinical applications of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in dentistry. AIM To provide an overview of clinical applications and future perspectives of aPDT in dentistry. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase up to September 2022, where only data from randomized clinical trials were included. In vitro studies, animal studies, literature reviews, and duplicate articles were excluded from the review. Out of a total of 1042 references initially identified, only 89 studies were included in the review. Six main oral conditions for which aPDT has been used were identified: periodontal and peri-implant diseases, endodontics, bacterial plaque, caries, and fungal and viral infections. RESULTS The review suggests that aPDT can be used as an effective complementary treatment for reducing pathogenic microorganisms in bacterial plaque; carious lesions; and periodontal, peri-implant, endodontic, fungal, and viral infections. CONCLUSIONS Despite the efficacy of aPDT against different types of microorganisms, there are no specific irradiation parameters for its respective photosensitizers due to the significant heterogeneity of clinical trials. Therefore, more studies are needed to determine irradiation protocols and development of new photosensitizers to improve the safety and efficacy of aPDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luisa Amaral
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Itaúna (UIT), Itaúna, MG, Brazil
- Research Center on Biological Chemistry (NQBio), Federal University of São João del-Rei (UFSJ), Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Sérgio Araújo Andrade
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Itaúna (UIT), Itaúna, MG, Brazil.
- Research Center on Biological Chemistry (NQBio), Federal University of São João del-Rei (UFSJ), Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
- Optics and Photonics Research Center (CEPOF), Physics Institute of São Carlos of the University of São Paulo (IFSC-USP), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Lochenie C, Duncan S, Zhou Y, Fingerhut L, Kiang A, Benson S, Jiang G, Liu X, Mills B, Vendrell M. Photosensitizer-Amplified Antimicrobial Materials for Broad-Spectrum Ablation of Resistant Pathogens in Ocular Infections. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2404107. [PMID: 38762778 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens and the scarcity of new potent antibiotics and antifungals are one of the biggest threats to human health. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) combines light and photosensitizers to kill drug-resistant pathogens; however, there are limited materials that can effectively ablate different classes of infective pathogens. In the present work, a new class of benzodiazole-paired materials is designed as highly potent PDT agents with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity upon illumination with nontoxic light. The results mechanistically demonstrate that the energy transfer and electron transfer between nonphotosensitive and photosensitive benzodiazole moieties embedded within pathogen-binding peptide sequences result in increased singlet oxygen generation and enhanced phototoxicity. Chemical optimization renders PEP3 as a novel PDT agent with remarkable activity against MDR bacteria and fungi as well as pathogens at different stages of development (e.g., biofilms, spores, and fungal hyphae), which also prove effective in an ex vivo porcine model of microbial keratitis. The chemical modularity of this strategy and its general compatibility with peptide-based targeting agents will accelerate the design of highly photosensitive materials for antimicrobial PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Lochenie
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Sheelagh Duncan
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Yanzi Zhou
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Leonie Fingerhut
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Alex Kiang
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Sam Benson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Guanyu Jiang
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Bethany Mills
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Marc Vendrell
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
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Poorna TA, Joshna EK, Alagarsamy R, Pangarikar A, Quraishi SSA. Role of Photodynamic Therapy in Osteonecrosis and Osteoradionecrosis of the Jaws: A Systematic Review. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2024; 23:1003-1012. [PMID: 39118917 PMCID: PMC11303356 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-024-02127-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive treatment modality that has been used clinically for early stage and inoperable cancers. Successful use of this atraumatic therapy in osteoradionecrosis (ORN) and osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) has been documented in the literature. The aim of this review was to systematically evaluate the role of photodynamic therapy in ORN and ONJ. Methods Two independent reviewers conducted an elaborate search in PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane's CENTRAL database for studies published on PDT as stand-alone or adjuvant therapy in ORN/ONJ until June 2022. The present study was based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Demographic data, type and stage of necrosis of the jaws, site, PDT protocol, time to heal and follow-up were evaluated. Eighteen articles were included totally based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria for final analysis. Results A total of 94 patients were included in the present review out of which 36 were males and 58 were females. Five studies reported the use of PDT as an adjuvant therapy in ORN. Thirteen studies reported successful outcomes with PDT in ONJ. Complete epithelialization was achieved with PDT ± other adjuvants in 86/94 (91.48%) patients. The time taken for regression of the lesion ranged between 4 days and 12 months with PDT in the present study. Conclusion The reviewed studies demonstrate the effectiveness of PDT, as an adjuvant therapy, in managing various stages of ORN and ONJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Anish Poorna
- Department of Dentistry, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - E. K. Joshna
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ragavi Alagarsamy
- Department of Burns, Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Anunay Pangarikar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, ESIC Dental College and Hospital, Kalaburagi, Karnataka India
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Peralta-Mamani M, Silva BMDA, Honório HM, Rubira-Bullen IRF, Hanna R, Silva PSSDA. CLINICAL EFFICACY OF PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY IN MANAGEMENT OF ORAL POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT DISORDERS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2024; 24:101899. [PMID: 38821659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2023.101899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite phototherapy (in the form of photodynamic therapy (PDT)-mediated oxidative stress) being utilized in the management of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), the evidence of certainty remains unclear. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO # CRD42021218748) is aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of PDT-induced oxidative stress in OPMDs METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched without restriction of language or year of publication. In addition, gray literature was searched and a manual search was performed. Two independent reviewers screened all the studies, assessing data extraction, risk of bias and certainty of evidence. A narrative synthesis was carried out. For the meta-analysis, random effects were considered to determine the prevalence of a total and a partial remission (PR) of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). The certainty of evidence was explored using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. RESULTS Twenty-three studies were included in the qualitative and quantitative syntheses. A total of 880 patients were included (564 males; 218 females) with an age range between 24 and 89-years-old. The results showed the prevalence of the total and partial remissions respectively for the following OPMLs: actinic cheilitis (AC): 69.9% and 2.4%; oral leukoplakia (OL): 44% and 36.9%; oral verrucous hyperplasia (OVH): 98.5%; oral erythroleukoplakia (OEL): 92.1% and 7.9%. The prevalence of no remission of OL was 18.8%. CONCLUSIONS PDT demonstrated significant results in clinical remission of OPMDs and most of the eligible studies have shown a total or a partial remission of the included lesions, but at a low or a very low certainty of evidence. Hence, further clinical studies with robust methodology are warranted to offer further validated data. Also, further evidence is required to understand further the mechanism of PDT-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela Peralta-Mamani
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru-SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Machado DA Silva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru-SP, Brazil
| | - Heitor Marques Honório
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru-SP, Brazil
| | | | - Reem Hanna
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, UCL-Eastman Dental Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, London, UK; Department of Oral Surgery, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London UK.
| | - Paulo Sergio Santos DA Silva
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru-SP, Brazil
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Surur AK, de Oliveira AB, De Annunzio SR, Ferrisse TM, Fontana CR. Bacterial resistance to antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: A critical update. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 255:112905. [PMID: 38703452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial antibiotic resistance is one of the most significant challenges for public health. The increase in bacterial resistance, mainly due to microorganisms harmful to health, and the need to search for alternative treatments to contain infections that cannot be treated by conventional antibiotic therapy has been aroused. An alternative widely studied in recent decades is antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), a treatment that can eliminate microorganisms through oxidative stress. Although this therapy has shown satisfactory results in infection control, it is still controversial in the scientific community whether bacteria manage to develop resistance after successive applications of aPDT. Thus, this work provides an overview of the articles that performed successive aPDT applications in models using bacteria published since 2010, focusing on sublethal dose cycles, highlighting the main PSs tested, and addressing the possible mechanisms for developing tolerance or resistance to aPDT, such as efflux pumps, biofilm formation, OxyR and SoxRS systems, catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes and quorum sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Koberstain Surur
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Analú Barros de Oliveira
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Sarah Raquel De Annunzio
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Túlio Morandin Ferrisse
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Carla Raquel Fontana
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Pontes JCXD, Figueiredo LSD, Lima WJDM, Araújo RDS, Santos ABRD, Almeida LDFDD, Alves AF. Photodynamic therapy repairs medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw by reducing NF-kB protein in rats. J Appl Oral Sci 2024; 32:e20230447. [PMID: 38695448 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) repairs bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) modulated by the reduction of NF-kB protein in a murine model. METHODOLOGY Male Wistar rats (N=30) were divided into the following groups (n=6/group): negative control (NC); experimental osteonecrosis (ONE); ONE + photosensitizer (PS); ONE + photobiomodulation (PBM); and ONE + aPDT. Over 8 weeks, ONE was induced by zoledronic acid 250 µg/kg injections, except in the NC group, which received sterile 0.9% saline, followed by extraction of the lower left first molar. Red light laser irradiation (wavelength ~660 nm, power 50 mW, energy of 2 J, energy dose of 66.67 J/cm2 for 40 s) was performed once a week for 4 weeks. Methylene blue 0.3% was used as PS. The animals were euthanized and examined macroscopically for the presence of exposed bone and epithelial repair and microscopically by histochemical (hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining) and immunohistochemical (anti-NF-kB) methods. Macroscopic and histomorphometric data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-test (p<0.05). RESULTS Mucosal repair, viable osteocytes, and NF-kB immunostaining were observed in the NC, ONE+PS, ONE+PBM, and ONE+aPDT groups. The ONE group showed no mucosal repair, showing empty lacunae and multifocal immunostaining for NF-kB. The ONE+PBM and ONE+aPDT groups had greater deposition of extracellular matrix and less necrotic bone tissue (p<0.05). CONCLUSION PBM and aPDT treatments for BRONJ were effective for bone and epithelial repair, in addition to reducing inflammation mediated by the decrease of NF-kB protein in the irradiated regions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Adriano Francisco Alves
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de Fisiologia e Patologia, João Pessoa, Brasil
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Medaglia S, Otri I, Bernardos A, Marcos MD, Aznar E, Sancenón F, Martínez-Máñez R. Synergistic antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using gated mesoporous silica nanoparticles containing curcumin and polymyxin B. Int J Pharm 2024; 654:123947. [PMID: 38408553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic Therapy is a therapy based on combining a non-toxic compound, known as photosensitizer (PS), and irradiation with light of the appropriate wavelength to excite the PS molecule. The photon absorption by the PS leads to reactive oxygen species generation and a subsequent oxidative burst that causes cell damage and death. In this work, we report an antimicrobial nanodevice that uses the activity of curcumin (Cur) as a PS for antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT), based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles in which the action of the classical antibiotic PMB is synergistically combined with the aPDT properties of curcumin to combat bacteria. The synergistic effect of the designed gated device in combination with irradiation with blue LED light (470 nm) is evaluated against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The results show that the nanodevice exhibits a noteworthy antibacterial activity against these microorganisms, a much more significant effect than free Cur and PMB at equivalent concentrations. Thus, 0.1 µg/mL of MSNs-Cur-PMB eliminates a bacterial concentration of about 105 CFU/mL of E. coli, while 1 µg/mL of MSNs-Cur-PMB is required for P. aeruginosa and S. epidermidis. In addition, antibiofilm activity against the selected bacteria was also tested. We found that 0.1 mg/mL of MSNs-Cur-PMB inhibited 99 % biofilm formation for E. coli, and 1 mg/mL of MSNs-Cur-PMB achieved 90 % and 100 % inhibition of biofilm formation for S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Medaglia
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Universitat de València, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ismael Otri
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Universitat de València, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Bernardos
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Universitat de València, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Cami de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Dolores Marcos
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Universitat de València, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Cami de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IISLAFE), Av Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Elena Aznar
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Universitat de València, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Cami de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IISLAFE), Av Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Félix Sancenón
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Universitat de València, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Cami de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IISLAFE), Av Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Universitat de València, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Cami de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IISLAFE), Av Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
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11
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Pourhajibagher M, Bahrami R, Bahador A. Application of photosensitive dental materials as a novel antimicrobial option in dentistry: A literature review. J Dent Sci 2024; 19:762-772. [PMID: 38618073 PMCID: PMC11010690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The formation of dental plaque is well-known for its role in causing various oral infections, such as tooth decay, inflammation of the dental pulp, gum disease, and infections of the oral mucosa like peri-implantitis and denture stomatitis. These infections primarily affect the local area of the mouth, but if not treated, they can potentially lead to life-threatening conditions. Traditional methods of mechanical and chemical antimicrobial treatment have limitations in fully eliminating microorganisms and preventing the formation of biofilms. Additionally, these methods can contribute to the development of drug-resistant microorganisms and disrupt the natural balance of oral bacteria. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a technique that utilizes low-power lasers with specific wavelengths in combination with a photosensitizing agent called photosensitizer to kill microorganisms. By inducing damage through reactive oxygen species (ROS), aPDT offers a new approach to addressing dental plaque and associated microbial biofilms, aiming to improve oral health outcomes. Recently, photosensitizers have been incorporated into dental materials to create photosensitive dental materials. This article aimed to review the use of photosensitive dental materials for aPDT as an innovative antimicrobial option in dentistry, with the goal of enhancing oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Pourhajibagher
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rashin Bahrami
- Dental Sciences Research Center, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Abbas Bahador
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Nasrollahian S, Moradi F, Hadi N, Ranjbar S, Ranjbar R. An update on alternative therapy for Escherichia coli causing urinary tract infections; a narrative review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 46:104075. [PMID: 38574879 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common type of nosocomial infection and severe health issues because of the difficulties and frequent recurrence. Today, alternative methods such as sonodynamic therapy (SDT), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and herbal materials use for treating infections like UTI in many countries. METHOD We conducted searches of the biomedical databases (Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of sciences) to identify related studies from 2008 to 2023. RESULT SDT aims to use ultrasound to activate a sonosensitizer, which causes a biological effect by raising reactive oxygen species (ROS). When bacteria are exposed to ROS, several important effects occur: oxidative damage, DNA damage, protein dysfunction etc. SDT with herbal medicine significantly reduced the number of colony-forming units and bactericidal activity for Klebsiella pneumonia and E. coli. PDT is a promising treatment for cancer and microbial infections, combining a photosensitiser, light and tissue molecular oxygen. It involves a photosensitizer, light source, and oxygen, with variations affecting microbial binding and bactericidal activity. Factors affecting antibacterial properties include plant type, growing conditions, harvesting, and processing. This review highlights the recent advancements in sonodynamic, photodynamic, herbal, and bio-material-based approaches in the treatment of E. coli infections. CONCLUSIONS These alternative therapies offer exciting prospects for addressing UTIs, especially in cases where traditional antibiotic treatments may be less effective. Further research and clinical studies are warranted to fully explore the potential of these innovative treatment modalities in combating UTIs and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Nasrollahian
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farhad Moradi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nahal Hadi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sina Ranjbar
- Department of Microbiology, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ranjbar
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Aseri AA. Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of Adjunctive Phototherapy Versus Antibiotic Therapy Against Peri-Implant Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2024; 42:189-199. [PMID: 38512322 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2023.0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Peri-implantitis, an inflammatory condition in implant tissues, requires bacterial eradication and implant surface decontamination, with aPDT as a helpful surgical adjunct. Objective:This project was designed to investigate the effect of antibiotic therapy versus aPDT, as adjuncts to conventional mechanical debridement (MD), on the peri-implant clinical and/or radiographic parameters among patients with peri-implant diseases. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, up to and including April 2023, without any restriction on the language and year of publication, focusing the following research question: "Does adjunctive aPDT improve the peri-implant clinical and/or radiographic parameters in treating peri-implant diseases compared to antibiotic therapy?" Statistical analysis was performed on peri-implant clinical [plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD), and bleeding on probing (BOP)] and radiographic parameters [marginal bone loss (MBL)]. The study included six randomized controlled trials and one clinical (nonrandomized) study. Results: The systematic review findings indicate that the application of aPDT as an adjunct to MD is equally effective as adjunctive antibiotic therapy in improving peri-implant clinical parameters and radiographic parameters in patients with peri-implant diseases. Only two studies were classified as having a low risk of bias (RoB), two were assessed as having an unclear RoB, and the remaining three studies were determined to have a high RoB. However, the meta-analysis results revealed no statistically significant difference in peri-implant PI, PD, and MBL scores between patients treated with adjunct aPDT or adjunct antibiotic therapy. Notably, there was a statistically significant difference favoring adjunct aPDT in peri-implant BOP values compared to the control group. Conclusions: Despite the limited number of included studies and the significant heterogeneity among them, the findings suggest that aPDT yields comparable peri-implant clinical and radiographic outcomes to adjunctive antibiotic therapy, as adjuncts to MD, for the potential treatment of peri-implant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman A Aseri
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Can Karanlık C, Karanlık G, Özdemir S, Tollu G, Erdoğmuş A. Synthesis and characterization of novel BODIPYs and their antioxidant, antimicrobial, photodynamic antimicrobial, antibiofilm and DNA interaction activities. Photochem Photobiol 2024; 100:101-114. [PMID: 37317040 DOI: 10.1111/php.13825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, we synthesized and characterized new BODIPY derivatives (1-4) having pyridine or thienyl-pyridine substituents at meso- position and 4-dibenzothienyl or benzo[b]thien-2-yl moieties at 2-,6- positions. We investigated fluorescence properties and the ability to form singlet oxygen. In addition, various biological activities of BODIPYs such as DPPH scavenging, DNA binding/cleavage ability, cell viability inhibition, antimicrobial activity, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and biofilm inhibition properties were performed. BODIPY derivatives BDPY-3 (3) and BDPY-4 (4) have high fluorescence quantum yields as 0.50 and 0.61 and 1 O2 quantum yields were calculated as 0.83 for BDPY-1 (1), 0.12 for BDPY-2 (2), 0.11 for BDPY-3 and 0.23 for BDPY-4. BODIPY derivatives BDPY-2, BDPY-3 and BDPY-4 displayed 92.54 ± 5.41%, 94.20 ± 5.50%, and 95.03 ± 5.54% antioxidant ability, respectively. BODIPY compounds showed excellent DNA chemical nuclease activity. BDPY-2, BDPY-3 and BDPY-4 also exhibited 100% APDT activity against E. coli at all tested concentrations. In addition to these, they demonstrated a highly effective biofilm inhibition activity against Staphyloccous aureus and Pseudomans aeruginosa. BDPY-4 showed the most effective antioxidant and DNA cleavage activity, while BDPY-3 exhibited the most effective antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gürkan Karanlık
- Department of Chemistry, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sadin Özdemir
- Food Processing Programme, Technical Science Vocational School, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Gülşah Tollu
- Department of Laboratory and Veterinary Health, Technical Science Vocational School, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ali Erdoğmuş
- Department of Chemistry, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Health Biotechnology Joint Research and Application Center of Excellence, Istanbul, Turkey
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Matys J, Gedrange T, Dominiak M, Grzech-Leśniak K. The Impact of Hydrogen Peroxide (H 2O 2) Fumigation on Bacterial Levels in Dental Office Environments: A Randomized Clinical Trial Investigation. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7551. [PMID: 38137619 PMCID: PMC10743773 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fumigation with hydrogen peroxide has proven to be a highly effective approach to maintaining biological safety within dental offices. The main purpose of this research was to investigate the efficacy of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) fumigation in reducing bacterial levels in dental office environments. METHODS The study involved 30 participants diagnosed with moderate caries decay (ICDAS 3 and 4) in their mandibular molars. Sixty Petri dishes (two per patient) with Columbia Agar and 5% Sheep Blood were opened at the beginning of the caries treatment. After the completion of caries treatment and tooth restoration, 30 plates (G1 group) were closed. Following this, a 20 min fumigation procedure with 6% hydrogen peroxide biosanitizer using a compressed air device was conducted. After the fumigation, the remaining plates were closed (G2 group). The total number of bacteria CFUs (colony-forming units) in the dental office air was determined using the Koch sedimentation method. RESULTS The total bacterial colony (TBC) level, measured in cfu/m3, demonstrated a significant decrease in the number of bacteria following room environment fumigation (163.1 ± 145.7; G2 group) compared to non-fumigated samples (817.2 ± 208.2; G1 group) (p < 0.001). The predominant bacteria observed in the microbiological plates before fumigation were Micrococcus and Bacillus species, found in 80% (24/30) and 60% (18/30) of the plates, respectively. Application of H2O2 room fumigation resulted in a significant reduction in bacterial numbers: 79.2% (5/30) for Micrococcus species (p < 0.001), 83.3% (3/30) for Bacillus species (p < 0.001), and 100% (0/30) for Staphylococcus arlettae (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Fumigation with 6% H2O2 is an effective method for reducing bacterial counts in a dental office environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Matys
- Oral Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (T.G.); (M.D.); (K.G.-L.)
- Department of Orthodontics, Technische Universitat Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Tomasz Gedrange
- Oral Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (T.G.); (M.D.); (K.G.-L.)
- Department of Orthodontics, Technische Universitat Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marzena Dominiak
- Oral Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (T.G.); (M.D.); (K.G.-L.)
| | - Kinga Grzech-Leśniak
- Oral Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (T.G.); (M.D.); (K.G.-L.)
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
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Comeau P, Manso A. A Systematic Evaluation of Curcumin Concentrations and Blue Light Parameters towards Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy against Cariogenic Microorganisms. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2707. [PMID: 38140048 PMCID: PMC10747634 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a highly preventable and costly disease. Unfortunately, the current management strategies are inadequate at reducing the incidence and new minimally invasive strategies are needed. In this study, a systematic evaluation of specific light parameters and aqueous curcumin concentrations for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) was conducted. Aqueous solutions of curcumin were first prepared and evaluated for their light absorbance after applying different ~56 mW/cm2 blue light treatments in a continuous application mode. Next, these same light treatments as well as different application modes were applied to the curcumin solutions and the molar absorptivity coefficient, reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for Streptococcus mutans and the MIC and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) for Candida albicans were measured. After up to 1 min of light treatment, the molar absorptivity of curcumin when added to culture media was lower than that for water only; however, at higher energy levels, this difference was not apparent. There was a noted dependence on both ROS type and cariogenic microorganism species on the sensitivity to both blue light treatment and application mode. In conclusion, this study provides new information towards improving the agonistic potential of aPDT associated with curcumin against cariogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Comeau
- Department of Oral Health Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada;
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H3G 2W1, Canada
| | - Adriana Manso
- Department of Oral Health Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada;
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Quintana RM, Scarparo RK, Münchow EA, Pinheiro LS, Tavares CO, Kopper PMP. Does aPDT reduce bacterial load in endodontic infected teeth? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:268. [PMID: 37981598 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03938-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review investigated whether antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) after chemomechanical root canal disinfection (CD) yields a greater microbial load reduction than only CD. An electronic literature search was conducted on four databases up to November 2022, with no language or publication date restrictions. Randomized and non-randomized clinical trials were included if participants had a primary endodontic infection in permanent teeth, and if microbial loads before and after using aPDT were compared. Two researchers independently screened titles and abstracts to determine study eligibility. Assessments included risk of bias and methodological quality. This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020181783). Eight studies were included in the qualitative analysis, and six were eligible for meta-analysis. In the random effects model, aPDT significantly improved the results of root canal disinfection when compared with standard protocols for cleaning and shaping (p = 0.04, 95% CI -1.72, -0.05). Subgroup analysis suggested that aPDT has a better effect on reducing the load of anaerobic microorganisms (p = 0.003, 95% CI -3.36, -0.69). The use of aPDT as an adjunct to chemomechanical disinfection promotes additional reduction of the microbial load and, therefore, seems to improve the results of root canal treatments in permanent teeth with a primary endodontic infection. However, certainty of evidence should be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiro Martins Quintana
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcellos, 2492. Santa Cecícila, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roberta Kochenborger Scarparo
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcellos, 2492. Santa Cecícila, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eliseu Aldrighi Münchow
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcellos, 2492. Santa Cecícila, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Siqueira Pinheiro
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcellos, 2492. Santa Cecícila, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cauana Oliva Tavares
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcellos, 2492. Santa Cecícila, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patricia Maria Poli Kopper
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcellos, 2492. Santa Cecícila, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Sobouti F, Dadgar S, Salehi A, Rezaei Kalantari N, Aryana M, Goli HR, Heidari M. In Vitro Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy, Chlorhexidine, Sodium Fluoride, and Hydrogen Peroxide for Acrylic Resin Disinfection. J Lasers Med Sci 2023; 14:e52. [PMID: 38028883 PMCID: PMC10658130 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2023.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Plaque accumulation on the surface of removable orthodontic appliances could lead to dental caries, periodontitis, and fungal infections. This study evaluated the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), chlorhexidine (CHX), sodium fluoride (NaF), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for the disinfection of acrylic resin. Methods: In this in vitro experimental study, 100 acrylic resin specimens were randomly divided into five groups (n=20 each): Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Each group was immersed separately in 5 mL of microbial suspension. They were then incubated until biofilm formation on their surface. Of each microorganism, one biofilm sample in phosphate-buffered saline was considered as negative control, and other biofilm samples (n=80) were subjected to aPDT with curcumin, 0.12% CHX (positive control), 1% H2O2, and 0.2% NaF. Finally, the number of colonies was counted. Data were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, two-way ANOVA, and Bonferroni adjustment at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The interaction effect of the treatment modality and type of microorganism was significant on the microbial count (effect size: 0.91, P<0.05). Maximum bacterial proliferation was noted in the following combinations: NaF/E. faecalis, H2O2/E. faecalis, and H2O2/S. salivarius. Microorganisms had no or insignificant growth and proliferation in the aPDT and CHX groups. Conclusion: The results supported the optimal antimicrobial efficacy of PDT which was comparable to that of CHX. aPDT showed superior antimicrobial efficacy to NaF and H2O2 for the disinfection of acrylic resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Sobouti
- Dental Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sepideh Dadgar
- Dental Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Aysan Salehi
- School of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Aryana
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Goli
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Heidari
- Dental Implant Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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de Souto Medeiros MR, da Silva Barros CC, de Macedo Andrade AC, de Lima KC, da Silveira ÉJD. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of oral erythematous candidiasis: a controlled and randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:6471-6482. [PMID: 37718381 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical and microbiological efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in patients with erythematous candidiasis (EC). METHODS This study was a controlled and randomized clinical trial in patients diagnosed with EC, who were allocated into a control group (CG) and experimental group (EG) treated with nystatin oral suspension and aPDT with methylene blue 0.1%, respectively. A clinical index was used to classify the EC lesions from mild to severe and assess the treatment efficacy. Microbiological samples were collected before and after aPDT session and analyzed by counting colony-forming units (CFUs) of Candida and Staphylococcus sp. RESULTS A total of 41 patients (CG (n = 18); EG (n = 23)) were analyzed in our research. Of these, 16 (94.1%) of the CG and 16 (84.2%) of the EG exhibited complete remission of the lesions. Regarding the degree of the lesion, it was observed that the severe lesions were more difficult to present remission, while all the mild and moderate lesions showed complete regression (p = 0.001). The microbiological analysis showed that Candida albicans and Staphylococcus sp. were the most prevalent microorganisms, and the aPDT group showed a decrease in CFUs of these microorganisms after the first aPDT session (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS aPDT proved to be a clinically and microbiologically effective therapy for treating EC. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov; Set 12th, 2019; No. RBR-8w8599. CLINICAL RELEVANCE aPDT is a promising alternative treatment since it presents satisfactory results and does not cause damage to oral tissues or develop resistance to the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurília Raquel de Souto Medeiros
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Av. Salgado Filho, 1787, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59056-000, Brazil
| | - Caio César da Silva Barros
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Av. Salgado Filho, 1787, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59056-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia de Macedo Andrade
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Av. Salgado Filho, 1787, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59056-000, Brazil
| | - Kenio Costa de Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Av. Salgado Filho, 1787, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59056-000, Brazil
| | - Éricka Janine Dantas da Silveira
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Av. Salgado Filho, 1787, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59056-000, Brazil.
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Jao Y, Ding SJ, Chen CC. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for the treatment of oral infections: A systematic review. J Dent Sci 2023; 18:1453-1466. [PMID: 37799910 PMCID: PMC10548011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral infection is a common clinical symptom. While antibiotics are widely employed as the primary treatment for oral diseases, the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria has necessitated the exploration of alternative therapeutic approaches. One such modality is antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), which utilizes light and photosensitizers. Indeed, aPDT has been used alone or in combination with other treatment options dealing with periodontal disease for the elimination of biofilms from bacterial community to achieve bone formation and/or tissue regeneration. In this review article, in addition to factors affecting the efficacy of aPDT, various photosensitizers, the latest technology and perspectives on aPDT are discussed in detail. More importantly, the article emphasizes the novel design and clinical applications of photosensitizers, as well as the synergistic effects of chemical and biomolecules with aPDT to achieve the complete eradication of biofilms and even enhance the biological performance of tissues surrounding the treated oral area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jao
- Institute of Oral Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Jyh Ding
- Institute of Oral Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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21
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Toyoshima K, Ohsugi Y, Lin P, Komatsu K, Shiba T, Takeuchi Y, Hirota T, Shimohira T, Tsuchiya Y, Katagiri S, Iwata T, Aoki A. Blue Light-Emitting Diode Irradiation Without a Photosensitizer Alters Oral Microbiome Composition of Ligature-Induced Periodontitis in Mice. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2023; 41:549-559. [PMID: 37788456 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2023.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study investigated the suppressive effects of blue light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation on bone resorption and changes in the oral microbiome of mice with ligature-induced periodontitis. Background: Wavelength of blue light has antimicrobial effects; however, whether blue LED irradiation alone inhibits the progression of periodontitis remains unclear. Methods: Nine-week-old male mice ligated ligature around the right maxillary second molar was divided into ligation alone (Li) and ligation with blue LED irradiation (LiBL) groups. The LiBL group underwent blue LED (wavelength, 455 nm) irradiation four times in a week at 150 mW/cm2 without a photosensitizer on the gingival tissue around the ligated tooth at a distance of 5 mm for 5 min. The total energy density per day was 45 J/cm2. Bone resorption was evaluated using micro-computed tomography at 8 days. Differences in the oral microbiome composition of the collected ligatures between the Li and LiBL groups were analyzed using next-generation sequencing based on the 16S rRNA gene from the ligatures. Results: Blue LED irradiation did not suppress bone resorption caused by ligature-induced periodontitis. However, in the LiBL group, the α-diversity, number of observed features, and Chao1 were significantly decreased. The relative abundances in phylum Myxococcota and Bacteroidota were underrepresented, and the genera Staphylococcus, Lactococcus, and Lactobacillus were significantly overrepresented by blue LED exposure. Metagenomic function prediction indicated an increase in the downregulated pathways related to microbial energy metabolism after irradiation. The co-occurrence network was altered to a simpler structure in the LiBL group, and the number of core genera decreased. Conclusions: Blue LED irradiation altered the composition and network of the oral microbiome of ligature-induced periodontitis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Toyoshima
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yujin Ohsugi
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Peiya Lin
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiji Komatsu
- Department of Lifetime Oral Health Care Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiko Shiba
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yasuo Takeuchi
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Lifetime Oral Health Care Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Hirota
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Research Center for Medical Science, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shimohira
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Tsuchiya
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayaka Katagiri
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Aoki
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Leanse LG, Marasini S, dos Anjos C, Dai T. Antimicrobial Resistance: Is There a 'Light' at the End of the Tunnel? Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1437. [PMID: 37760734 PMCID: PMC10525303 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12091437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, with the increases in microorganisms that express a multitude of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mechanisms, the threat of antimicrobial resistance in the global population has reached critical levels. The introduction of the COVID-19 pandemic has further contributed to the influx of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), which has placed significant pressure on healthcare systems. For over a century, the potential for light-based approaches targeted at combatting both cancer and infectious diseases has been proposed. They offer effective killing of microbial pathogens, regardless of AMR status, and have not typically been associated with high propensities of resistance development. To that end, the goal of this review is to describe the different mechanisms that drive AMR, including intrinsic, phenotypic, and acquired resistance mechanisms. Additionally, the different light-based approaches, including antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), antimicrobial blue light (aBL), and ultraviolet (UV) light, will be discussed as potential alternatives or adjunct therapies with conventional antimicrobials. Lastly, we will evaluate the feasibility and requirements associated with integration of light-based approaches into the clinical pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon G. Leanse
- Health and Sports Sciences Hub, University of Gibraltar, Europa Point Campus, Gibraltar GX11 1AA, Gibraltar
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (C.d.A.); (T.D.)
| | - Sanjay Marasini
- New Zealand National Eye Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
| | - Carolina dos Anjos
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (C.d.A.); (T.D.)
| | - Tianhong Dai
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (C.d.A.); (T.D.)
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23
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Souza MRJ, Meyfarth S, Fraga RS, Fontes KBFC, Guimarães LS, Antunes LAA, Antunes LS. Do Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy and Low-Level Laser Therapy Influence Oral Health-Related Quality of Life After Molar Extraction? J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 81:1033-1041. [PMID: 37094757 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Most individuals experience significant deterioration in their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in the first few days after tooth extraction. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) protocols on OHRQoL after extraction of lower molars. METHODS The investigators designed a double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial study. Patients with indications for lower molar extraction were included in the study and randomized into four groups: control group, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy group, LLLT group (LLLT.G), and aPDT and LLLT group (aPDT + LLLT.G).The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire was used through an interview with the participants before the extraction (T0 - baseline) and on the 7th (T1) and 30th (T2) days after extraction. Other variables were age, sex, ethnicity, decayed-missing-filled teeth (DMFT) and tooth types. Appropriate univariate and bivariate statistics were computed, and statistical significance was set at a value P < .05. RESULTS The sample was composed of 40 patients with a mean age of 41.25 ± 13.97 and 25 (62.5%) were women. The mean OHIP-14 scores were significantly different in the intervals at T0 versus T1 and T0 versus T2 for all domains (P < .001), demonstrating a positive impact on the OHRQoL. The total scores indicated a significant improvement in the OHRQoL in the aPDT (7.10, standard deviation 4.18, P = .043), LLLT (6.40, SD 5.87, P = .025), and aPDT + LLLT (5.30, SD 3.59, P = .012) groups compared to that in the control group (12.90, SD 6.64) at T1. Patients undergoing extraction of lower mandibular molars with aPDT + LLLT had the lowest mean OHIP-14 total score at T1 (5.30) and T2 (0.70). CONCLUSION The aPDT and LLLT protocols had a positive impact on the participants' OHRQoL. These procedures can be applied in everyday surgical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcio Rodrigo Jaquel Souza
- Postgraduate Student, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Health Institute of Nova Friburgo, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sandra Meyfarth
- Postgraduate Student, Postgraduate Program, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renato Silva Fraga
- Professor, Department of Specific Formation, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Ludmila Silva Guimarães
- Postgraduate Student, Postgraduate Program, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lívia Azeredo Alves Antunes
- Professor, Department of Specific Formation, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil; Professor, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Health Institute of Nova Friburgo, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil; Professor, Postgraduate Program, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Santos Antunes
- Professor, Department of Specific Formation, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil; Professor, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Health Institute of Nova Friburgo, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil; Professor, Postgraduate Program, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
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Wang P, Wu B, Li M, Song Y, Chen C, Feng G, Mao D, Hu F, Liu B. Lysosome-Targeting Aggregation-Induced Emission Nanoparticle Enables Adoptive Macrophage Transfer-Based Precise Therapy of Bacterial Infections. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37235750 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Traditional antibacterial procedures are getting inefficient due to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, which makes alternative treatments in urgent demand. However, the selectivity toward infectious bacteria is still challenging. Herein, by taking advantage of the self-directed capture of infectious bacteria by macrophages, we developed a strategy to realize precise in vivo antibacterial photodynamic therapy (APDT) through adoptive photosensitizer-loaded macrophage transfer. TTD with strong reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and bright fluorescence was first synthesized and was subsequently formulated into TTD nanoparticles for lysosome targeting. TTD-loaded macrophages (TLMs) were constructed by direct incubation of TTD nanoparticles with macrophages, in which the TTD was localized in the lysosomes to meet the captured bacteria in the phagolysosomes. The TLMs could precisely capture and eradicate bacteria while being activated toward the proinflammatory and antibacterial M1 phenotype upon light illumination. More importantly, after subcutaneous injection, TLMs could effectively inhibit bacteria in the infected tissue through APDT, leading to good tissue recovery from severe bacterial infection. Overall, the engineered cell-based therapeutic approach shows great potential in the treatment of severe bacterial infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Biru Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Min Li
- Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuchen Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chengjian Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Guangxue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Duo Mao
- Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Fang Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
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25
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Al-Aali KA, Alqahtani AS, Alzaid AA, Almuiel SH, Alsaloum M, Alanazi KK. Efficacy of adjunct photodynamic therapy on Candida growth and oral health quality of life in denture stomatitis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus wearing implant-retained overdentures: a randomized clinical study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023:103630. [PMID: 37236520 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present clinical trial was to study the efficacy of combined miconazole and PDT in the improvement of quality of life and levels of Candida species in chronic hyperglycemic patients with denture stomatitis (DS). METHODS One hundred patients were randomly divided into five groups; 20 each in the miconazole, PDT, miconazole+ PDT, CHX and distilled water groups. Methylene blue mediated irradiation was conducted using 600nm diode laser with power, energy density and radiance as 100 mW, 3527 mW/cm2 and 9 J, respectively. Patients were advised to apply 2.5 ml of 2% topical miconazole four times a day. The existence of Candida spp. was detected by means of microbiological culture technique. Candida colony counts from the palates and dentures surfaces, quantified as colony forming unit (CFU)/mL were evaluated at baseline, end of 14 days, 28 days and 60 days. Oral health related quality of life was assessed with the help of a questionnaire. RESULTS The quality of life showed significant improvement in the group where combination treatment was executed. The overall CFU/mL values were greater in the dentures in comparison to those from the palates of the patients of all the five groups. During all time periods of the study, the CFU/mL values obtained from combination treatment group showed significant differences. Candida albicans was the most predominant yeast. CONCLUSION This study showed the effectiveness of methylene blue- PDT in combination with miconazole in improving oral health related quality of life and significantly reducing Candida CFU counts to resolve palatal inflammation in diabetic individuals with implant-supported complete dentures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khulud A Al-Aali
- Prosthodontics, Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulaziz S Alqahtani
- Prosthetic Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Alzaid
- Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Science Department, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Hamad Almuiel
- Prosthetic Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alsaloum
- Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Science Department, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid K Alanazi
- Conservative Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Aloke C, Achilonu I. Coping with the ESKAPE pathogens: Evolving strategies, challenges and future prospects. Microb Pathog 2023; 175:105963. [PMID: 36584930 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Globally, the ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) are the major cause of nosocomial infections. These pathogens are multidrug resistant, and their negative impacts have brought serious health challenges and economic burden on many countries worldwide. Thus, this narrative review exploits different emerging alternative therapeutic strategies including combination antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides ((AMPs), bacteriophage and photodynamic therapies used in the treatment of the ESKAPE pathogens, their merits, limitations, and future prospects. Our findings indicate that ESKAPE pathogens exhibit resistance to drug using different mechanisms including drug inactivation by irreversible enzyme cleavage, drug-binding site alteration, diminution in permeability of drug or drug efflux increment to reduce accumulation of drug as well as biofilms production. However, the scientific community has shown significant interest in using these novel strategies with numerous benefits although they have some limitations including but not limited to instability and toxicity of the therapeutic agents, or the host developing immune response against the therapeutic agents. Thus, comprehension of resistance mechanisms of these pathogens is necessary to further develop or modify these approaches in order to overcome these health challenges including the barriers of bacterial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinyere Aloke
- Protein Structure-Function and Research Unit, School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
| | - Ikechukwu Achilonu
- Protein Structure-Function and Research Unit, School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa
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Mohamad F, Alzahrani RR, Alsaadi A, Alrfaei BM, Yassin AEB, Alkhulaifi MM, Halwani M. An Explorative Review on Advanced Approaches to Overcome Bacterial Resistance by Curbing Bacterial Biofilm Formation. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:19-49. [PMID: 36636380 PMCID: PMC9830422 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s380883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The continuous emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens evoked the development of innovative approaches targeting virulence factors unique to their pathogenic cascade. These approaches aimed to explore anti-virulence or anti-infective therapies. There are evident concerns regarding the bacterial ability to create a superstructure, the biofilm. Biofilm formation is a crucial virulence factor causing difficult-to-treat, localized, and systemic infections. The microenvironments of bacterial biofilm reduce the efficacy of antibiotics and evade the host's immunity. Producing a biofilm is not limited to a specific group of bacteria; however, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Staphylococcus aureus biofilms are exemplary models. This review discusses biofilm formation as a virulence factor and the link to antimicrobial resistance. In addition, it explores insights into innovative multi-targeted approaches and their physiological mechanisms to combat biofilms, including natural compounds, phages, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), CRISPR-Cas gene editing, and nano-mediated techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mohamad
- Infectious Diseases Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raghad R Alzahrani
- Nanomedicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahlam Alsaadi
- Infectious Diseases Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bahauddeen M Alrfaei
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Eldeen B Yassin
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal M Alkhulaifi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia,Manal M Alkhulaifi, P.O. Box 55670, Riyadh, 11544, Tel +966 (11) 805-1685, Email
| | - Majed Halwani
- Nanomedicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Correspondence: Majed Halwani, P.O. Box 3660, Mail Code 1515 (KAIMRC), Riyadh, 11481, Tel +966 (11) 429-4433, Fax +966 (11) 429-4440, Email ;
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28
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Lv Y, Li P, Su R, Cai J, Zhong H, Wen F, Su W. Methylene Blue/Carbon Dots Composite with Photothermal and Photodynamic Properties: Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Application. Photochem Photobiol 2023; 99:92-100. [PMID: 35879646 DOI: 10.1111/php.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy provide new ways to combat antibiotic resistance. In this research, methylene blue (MB) as an effective photosensitizer was conjugated with carbon quantum dots (CQDs), the composite product not only possessed good antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) due to excellent singlet oxygen (1 O2 ) production rate and light heat transfer performance, but also showed good biocompatibility. Combined with 808 nm and 660 nm laser irradiation, the minimum bactericidal concentration of CQDs-MB towards S. aureus and E. coli was 5 μm. Therefore, this study provides a potential candidate material based on CQDs for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbin Lv
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Peiyuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Rixiang Su
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Jinyun Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Haiyi Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Fangzhou Wen
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Wei Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
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Raffaele RM, Baldo ME, Santana GU, Siqueira JM, Palma LF, Campos L. Phototherapies for erythema multiforme secondary to viral infections: A case report of a child. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 40:103094. [PMID: 36041712 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Erythema multiforme (EM) is a reactive mucocutaneous disorder typically initiated by viral infections. Although the management of EM differs according to the clinical course and trigger factor, it is not clear whether antiviral suppressive therapies may be useful in cases related to such infections. Moreover, the treatment is most often based on supportive care directed towards only the symptoms. AIM To present a clinical case of a child in which antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) were used for orofacial manifestations of EM secondary to viral infections. CASE REPORT A Brazilian 1-year-old boy was admitted to an ICU due to a severe Influenza A H3N2 infection, pneumonia with pleural effusion, and sepsis. About 10 days later, it was noted bleeding lip lesions covered by crusts and bleeding tongue lesions, diagnosed as EM secondary to both H3N2 and herpes simplex virus infections, confirmed by serology tests. A combination of an aPDT session and six PBMT sessions was proposed and resulted in almost complete resolution of the lesion on the 7th day. CONCLUSION Given the complexity of the present case, the combination of phototherapies seems to be a promising tool for treating acute orofacial mucosal lesions of viruses-induced EM. More studies, however, are needed to reach a definite conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Maria Raffaele
- Dentistry Service of Charity Hospital of Campo Grande. Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Study Group of Laser and Health Institute. São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mario Eduardo Baldo
- Dentistry Service of Charity Hospital of Campo Grande. Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Graduate Program on Health and Development in West Central Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul. Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Mota Siqueira
- Study Group of Laser and Health Institute. São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Stomatology, University of São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Palma
- Graduate Dentistry Program, Ibirapuera University. São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Campos
- Study Group of Laser and Health Institute. São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program in Implantology, University of Santo Amaro, School of Dentistry. São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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30
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Aldegheishem A, Alharthi R, Al-Qahtani YM, Soliman M, Mostafa MS, Mohsin SF, Eldwakhly E. Mechanical and antibacterial efficacy of photo-sonodynamic therapy via methylene blue-loaded nanoparticles over dental implants for treating peri-implantitis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 40:103188. [PMID: 36336320 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical (i.e., flexural modulus [FM], flexural strength [FS], and surface roughness [Ra]) and antibacterial efficacy of photo-sonodynamic therapy via methylene blue-loaded poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (MB-loaded PLGA NPs) over dental implants for potential treatment of peri-implantitis. METHODS PLGA NPs were synthesized via a solvent displacement method. After the synthesis and confirmation of MB-loaded PLGA NPs via physical (Scanning Electron Microscope [SEM]) and chemical characterization (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy [FTIR]), the mature dental biofilm of Porphyromonas gingivalis was produced over the surfaces of dental implants. Then, the bacterial viability assessment of the following five study groups was performed: group-I (diode laser treatment); group-II (PDT/MB-loaded PLGA NPs treatment; group-III (ultrasound treatment); group-IV (ultrasound/PLGA NPs-MB treatment); and group-V: control group included the samples without any treatment. Finally, the FS, FM, and Ra of the samples was assessed. RESULTS Under the SEM, the NPs were spherical homogeneous particles having round morphology ranging approximately 100 nm in size without aggregation. The FTIR spectra of PLGA NPs and MB-loaded PLGA NPs demonstrated absorption peaks at approximately 1000 cm-1 to 1200 cm-1 and around 1500 cm-1 to 1750 cm-1. The greatest level of P. gingivalis killing was exhibited by ultrasound/MB-loaded PLGA-NPs-treated samples. The FS was statistically significantly greater for control group samples than any other group (i.e., 100.28 MPa; p<0.05). The FM and Ra ranged between 3.31 and 3.58 GPa and between 0.18 and 0.20 µm without any statistically significant difference between the control and experimental groups (p>0.05), respectively. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, the application of photo-sonodynamic therapy via MB-loaded PLGA NPs demonstrated the greatest antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis without deteriorating the surfaces and compromising the mechanical properties of dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alhanoof Aldegheishem
- Clinical Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rasha Alharthi
- Clinical Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser M Al-Qahtani
- Consultant in Restorative Dentistry Department, Ministry of Health, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai Soliman
- Clinical Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Salah Mostafa
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Syed Fareed Mohsin
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elzahraa Eldwakhly
- Clinical Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
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Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunctive treatment to ultrasound for the dentin caries-like lesion removal. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 40:103148. [PMID: 36216023 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate in vitro the efficacy of ultrasound device to remove caries-like dentin and the curcumin-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) to decontaminate the affected dentin. METHODS Bovine dentin specimens (n = 173) of 4 × 4 × 2 mm were first submitted to Knoop surface microhardness to standardize the specimens (29 ± 3 KHN). Artificial caries lesion was induced by Streptococcus mutans strain by biological model for 7 days. Infected dentin was removed (1 min) with the following techniques: dentin excavator, bur at low-speed rotation and ultrasound device. After that, aPDT application was performed using blue LED under 460 nm. Polarized light microscopy (PLM), removal rate (n = 10), cross-sectional microhardness (n = 10), colony forming units per milliliter (CFU) (n = 9) and confocal laser microscopy (CM) (n = 2) were performed. ANOVA with Welch correction, post-hoc Games-Howell and two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc tests were used. RESULTS PLM confirmed the caries lesion formation with a depth of ∼147.9 µm. Groups treated with ultrasound showed lower removal rate (p = 0.001). Regardless of the treatment, the microhardness values increased as function of depth (p ≤ 0.05). Carbide bur showed the highest microhardness value, followed by ultrasound and excavator. CFU and CM showed a significant reduction in S. mutans after aPDT application. CONCLUSION Ultrasound was efficient, since it removed infected dentin, preserving the affected dentin and aPDT can be used as a complementary therapy to decontaminate the affected dentin. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Ultrasound device may help the clinician to remove dentin caries-like lesions since it is a conservative technique and provided the removal of infected dentin, preserving the affected dentin. aPDT application may be used as a complimentary technique to promote antibacterial effect and possibly minimize the risk of secondary caries.
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Effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy mediated by butyl toluidine blue in preventing medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws in rats. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 40:103172. [PMID: 36283616 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) is difficult to treat, therefore, prevention would be the ideal clinical approach. This study evaluated the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), mediated by butyl toluidine blue (BuTB) in the prevention of MRONJ-like lesions after tooth extraction in rats. METHODS Twenty-eight senescent female rats were distributed in groups: VEH and VEH-aPDT, treated with vehicle, ZOL and ZOL-aPDT, treated with 100 µg/Kg of zoledronate, both treatments every three days over seven weeks. After three weeks from the commencement of treatment, the mandibular first molar was extracted. For the VEH and ZOL groups, no local treatment was performed, while with the VEH-aPDT and ZOL-aPDT groups, photodynamic treatment was carried out at 0, 2, and 4 days after extraction. For aPDT, 500μl of BuTB solution was deposited on the dental extraction site (0.5 mg/ml; 60 s), followed by irradiation with low-level laser (InGaAIP; 660 nm; 35 mW; 74.2 J/cm²; 60 s). After 28 postoperative days, euthanasia was performed. The hemimandibles were processed to: (1) histological analysis of tissue repair; (2) histometric analysis of the percentage of newly formed bone tissue (PNFBT) and percentage of non-vital bone tissue (PNVBT); (3) immunohistochemical analysis for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). RESULTS The ZOL and ZOL-aPDT groups showed less TRAP-positive cells when compared with VEH and VEH-aPDT. The ZOL group demonstrated great compromise in the tissue repair process, consistent with MRONJ-like lesions. VEH, VEH-aPDT and ZOL-aPDT presented a favorable tissue repair process. PNFBT in the ZOL group was lower than in the VEH, VEH-aPDT and ZOL-aPDT groups, whereas PNVBT in the ZOL group was higher than in the VEH, VEH-aPDT and ZOL-aPDT groups. CONCLUSION aPDT mediated by BuTB prevented the occurrence of MRONJ-like lesions after tooth extraction in rats.
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Li S, Qi M, Yang Q, Shi F, Liu C, Du J, Sun Y, Li C, Dong B. State-of-the-Art on the Sulfate Radical-Advanced Oxidation Coupled with Nanomaterials: Biological and Environmental Applications. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040227. [PMID: 36412867 PMCID: PMC9680365 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfate radicals (SO4-·) play important biological roles in biomedical and environmental engineering, such as antimicrobial, antitumor, and disinfection. Compared with other common free radicals, it has the advantages of a longer half-life and higher oxidation potential, which could bring unexpected effects. These properties have prompted researchers to make great contributions to biology and environmental engineering by exploiting their properties. Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and peroxydisulfate (PDS) are the main raw materials for SO4-· formation. Due to the remarkable progress in nanotechnology, a large number of nanomaterials have been explored that can efficiently activate PMS/PDS, which have been used to generate SO4-· for biological applications. Based on the superior properties and application potential of SO4-·, it is of great significance to review its chemical mechanism, biological effect, and application field. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the latest design of nanomaterials that can effectually activate PMS/PDS to create SO4-·, including metal-based nanomaterials, metal-free nanomaterials, and nanocomposites. Furthermore, we discuss the underlying mechanism of the activation of PMS/PDS using these nanomaterials and the application of SO4-· in the fields of environmental remediation and biomedicine, liberating the application potential of SO4-·. Finally, this review provides the existing problems and prospects of nanomaterials being used to generate SO4-· in the future, providing new ideas and possibilities for the development of biomedicine and environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Manlin Qi
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Qijing Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Fangyu Shi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Chengyu Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Juanrui Du
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (C.L.); (B.D.)
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (C.L.); (B.D.)
| | - Biao Dong
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (C.L.); (B.D.)
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Investigation of bactericidal effect of a mid-infrared free electron laser on Escherichia coli. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18111. [PMID: 36302931 PMCID: PMC9612618 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22949-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid increase in the number of bacteria that are resistant to many commonly used antimicrobial agents and their global spread have become a major problem worldwide. In particular, for periodontal disease, which is a localized infection, there is a growing need for treatment methods that do not primarily involve antimicrobial agents, and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is attracting attention. In this study, the bactericidal effects of a mid-infrared free electron laser (MIR-FEL) on E. coli were investigated as a basic study to examine the applicability of MIR-FELs, which can selectively excite molecular vibrations due to their wavelength tunability, to aPDT. The optimal irradiation wavelengths to be examined in this study were determined from the infrared spectrum of the bacteria, which was obtained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Five irradiation wavelengths (6.62, 6.88, 7.14, 8.09 and 9.26 µm) were selected from the FT-IR spectrum, and we found that the bactericidal effects at a wavelength of 6.62 µm were markedly stronger than those observed at the other wavelengths. At this wavelength corresponding to the Amide II band, the bacterial survival rate decreased significantly as the irradiation time increased. On the contrary, irradiation of a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd: YAG) laser at 1.06 µm exhibited no distinct bactericidal effect. No morphological changes were observed after MIR-FEL irradiation, suggesting that a bacterial organelle molecule may be the target of MIR-FEL irradiation, but the exact target was not identified. Furthermore, the temperature change induced in the culture medium by the laser irradiation was ± 1.5 °C at room temperature. These results suggest that the bactericidal effects of MIR-FEL are derived from photochemical reactions involving infrared photons, since E. coli is usually killed by heating it to 75 °C for 1 min or longer.
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Ramakrishnan R, Singh AK, Singh S, Chakravortty D, Das D. Enzymatic Dispersion of Biofilms: An Emerging Biocatalytic Avenue to Combat Biofilm-Mediated Microbial Infections. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102352. [PMID: 35940306 PMCID: PMC9478923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance by pathogenic microbes has emerged as a matter of great concern to mankind. Microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi employ multiple defense mechanisms against drugs and the host immune system. A major line of microbial defense is the biofilm, which comprises extracellular polymeric substances that are produced by the population of microorganisms. Around 80% of chronic bacterial infections are associated with biofilms. The presence of biofilms can increase the necessity of doses of certain antibiotics up to 1000-fold to combat infection. Thus, there is an urgent need for strategies to eradicate biofilms. Although a few physicochemical methods have been developed to prevent and treat biofilms, these methods have poor efficacy and biocompatibility. In this review, we discuss the existing strategies to combat biofilms and their challenges. Subsequently, we spotlight the potential of enzymes, in particular, polysaccharide degrading enzymes, for biofilm dispersion, which might lead to facile antimicrobial treatment of biofilm-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Ramakrishnan
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Simran Singh
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Dipshikha Chakravortty
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Debasis Das
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
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Czarczynska-Goslinska B, Stolarska M, Ziental D, Falkowski M, Glowacka-Sobotta A, Dlugaszewska J, Goslinski T, Sobotta L. Photodynamic antimicrobial activity of magnesium(II) porphyrazine with bulky peripheral sulfanyl substituents. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2021.2012780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Magdalena Stolarska
- Chair and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Daniel Ziental
- Chair and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michal Falkowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Arleta Glowacka-Sobotta
- Chair and Department of Maxillofacial Orthopedics and Orthodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jolanta Dlugaszewska
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Goslinski
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Lukasz Sobotta
- Chair and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Fonseca LL, Durães CP, Menezes ASDS, Tabosa ATL, Barbosa CU, Filho ADPS, Souza DPSDP, Guimarães VHD, Santos SHS, de Paula AMB, Farias LC, Guimarães EALS. Comparison Between Two Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Protocols for Oral Candidiasis in Patients Undergoing Treatment for Head and Neck Cancer: A two-arm, single-blind clinical trial. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:102983. [PMID: 35772622 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to compare the efficacy of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) with 300 µmol/L of methylene blue and 8 µmol/L of curcumin on oral candidiasis patients with HNSCC undergoing treatment. METHODS A two-arm, single-blind clinical trial was performed. Following verification for eligibility (n = 447), 108 patients were included in the study. The study consisted of a group that received aPDT with methylene blue (n = 57) and another that received aPDT with curcumin (n = 51). The patients rinsed their mouths with an aqueous solution of 300 µmol/L of methylene blue and 8 µmol/L of curcumin in four sessions, and then the lesion was scraped for the subsequent RT-qPCR. The primary outcome was that no cure was presented for oral candidiasis after treatment. The secondary result was reducing the number of sites affected by oral candidiasis. RESULTS There was no difference in treatment failure evaluated by the necessity of drug prescription or Candida sp DNA quantification. However, clinically the methylene blue protocol reduced the number of infected anatomical sites compared to the curcumin protocol. CONCLUSION Methylene Blue aPDT reduced the number of infected anatomical sites compared to curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Lopes Fonseca
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cristina Paixão Durães
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Agna Soares da Silva Menezes
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Chelsea Uramoto Barbosa
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Victor Hugo Dantas Guimarães
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Henrique Sousa Santos
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Lucyana Conceição Farias
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - E André Luiz Sena Guimarães
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Dilson Godinho Hospital, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Ribeiro M, Gomes IB, Saavedra MJ, Simões M. Photodynamic therapy and combinatory treatments for the control of biofilm-associated infections. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 75:548-564. [PMID: 35689422 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The advent of antimicrobial resistance has added considerable impact to infectious diseases both in the number of infections and healthcare costs. Furthermore, the relentless emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, particularly in the biofilm state, has made mandatory the discovery of new alternative antimicrobial therapies that are capable to eradicate resistant bacteria and impair the development of new forms of resistance. Amongst the therapeutic strategies for treating biofilms, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has shown great potential in inactivating several clinically relevant micro-organisms, including antibiotic-resistant 'priority bacteria' declared by the WHO as critical pathogens. Its antimicrobial effect is centred on the basis that harmless low-intensity light stimulates a non-toxic dye named photosensitizer, triggering the production of reactive oxygen species upon photostimulation. In addition, combination therapies of aPDT with other antimicrobial agents (e.g. antibiotics) have also drawn considerable attention, as it is a multi-target strategy. Therefore, the present review highlights the recent advances of aPDT against biofilms, also covering progress on combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ribeiro
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - I B Gomes
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M J Saavedra
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.,Centre for the Research and Technology for Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences (CITAB), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - M Simões
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Lima NG, Monteiro RM, Torres CP, de Souza-Gabriel AE, Watanabe E, Borsatto MC. Influence of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with different pre-irradiation times on children's dental biofilm: randomized clinical trial. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2022; 23:897-904. [PMID: 35666375 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-022-00716-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is effective in reducing pathogenic microorganisms in the oral cavity and in preventing dental diseases. This study evaluated the pre-irradiation time using PDT (diode laser associated with 0.01% methylene blue) to decrease the number of microorganisms in the visible plaque in permanent teeth. METHODS This randomized clinical trial included 108 homologous lower permanent first molars (36 and 46) with biofilm from 54 children aged six to 12 years. PDT was performed (0.01% methylene blue photosensitizer/therapeutic laser-InGaAIP), according to the following protocols: Group 1, biofilm collection of the distal area of the lingual surface of 36 µm before PDT; group 2, mesial area of the lingual surface of 36 µm 1 min after PDT; group 3, area of the lingual surface of 46 µm before PDT; and group 4, mesial area of the lingual surface of 46 µm 5 min after PDT. RESULTS After statistical analysis, significant differences were observed between the groups (p = 0.000). In groups 2 and 4, the number of bacteria tended to decrease, with a more evident bacterial reduction in group 4. CONCLUSIONS Pre-irradiation reduced the number of colony-forming units of mature bacterial biofilms in vivo. A time of 5 min resulted in a greater reduction in the number of colony-forming units. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ReBEC Identifier: RBR-6bqfp3; Date of Register: March 2nd, 2020. Retrospectively Registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G Lima
- Department of Pediatric Clinics, Departamento de Clínica Infantil, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. do Café, s/n Subsetor Oeste 11, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, 14040-940, Brazil
| | - R M Monteiro
- Department of Fundamental Nursing, The College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, Brazil
| | - C P Torres
- Department of Pediatric Clinics, Departamento de Clínica Infantil, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. do Café, s/n Subsetor Oeste 11, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, 14040-940, Brazil
| | - A E de Souza-Gabriel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, Brazil
| | - E Watanabe
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, Brazil
| | - M C Borsatto
- Department of Pediatric Clinics, Departamento de Clínica Infantil, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. do Café, s/n Subsetor Oeste 11, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, 14040-940, Brazil.
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Pacheco JA, Molena KF, Martins CROG, Corona SAM, Borsatto MC. Photobiomodulation (PBMT) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in oral manifestations of patients infected by Sars-CoV-2: systematic review and meta-analysis. BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE 2022; 46:140. [PMID: 35601476 PMCID: PMC9108688 DOI: 10.1186/s42269-022-00830-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2019, a viral and respiratory pathology called COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China, and spread to other continents. Its main symptoms include fever, cough, dyspnea, myalgia, anorexia and respiratory distress in the most severe cases, which can lead to death. Furthermore, manifestations in the oral cavity such as ageusia and dysgeusia, as well as lesions in other regions of the oral cavity, can be observed. MAIN BODY This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to critically assess the clinical evidence on the use of photobiomodulation (PBMT) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) for the treatment of oral lesions in patients infected with Sars-Cov-2. The literature extracted from electronic databases such as PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, and Google Scholar was screened for eligibility, and relevant articles were included. The review is limited to manuscripts published in English, Spanish and Portuguese language between December 2019 and October 2021. A total of 5 articles with 11 cases retracting PBMT and aPDT as therapeutic strategies for the regression of oral lesions and painful symptoms. The results show favoring the associated use of PBMT with aPDT (P = 0.004), and the isolated use of PBMT with the result of significant "P = 0.005" and good confidence interval (7.18, 39.20) in ulcerative lesions, herpetic, aphthous, erythematous, petechiae and necrotic areas. CONCLUSIONS PBMT and aPDT could be effective in the treatment of oral lesions of patients infected with Sars-Cov-2 in a short period of time; however, more long-term randomized clinical trials studies are needed to define the therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Abreu Pacheco
- Postgraduate Program, EERP, University of São Paulo, Research Coordinator at the Ribeirão Preto Cancer Hospital, Sobeccan Hospital Foundation, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Kelly Fernanda Molena
- Postgraduate Program in Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Cristina Borsatto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Antimicrobial Behavior and Cytotoxicity of Indocyanine Green in Combination with Visible Light and Water-Filtered Infrared A Radiation against Periodontal Bacteria and Subgingival Biofilm. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10050956. [PMID: 35625693 PMCID: PMC9138561 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10050956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread increase of antibiotic resistance highlights the need for alternative treatments such as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial behavior and cytotoxicity of aPDT with indocyanine green (ICG) in combination with visible light (Vis) and water-filtered infrared A (wIRA). Representative periodontal bacteria (Parvimonas micra, Atopobium riame, Slackia exigua, Actinomyces naeslundii, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Prevotella nigrescens) and subgingival in situ biofilms from periodontal patients were treated with aPDT for 5 min. ICG was used at different concentrations (50–500 µg/mL) and the number of viable cells was determined in colony forming units (CFU). Untreated negative controls and 0.2% chlorhexidine as a positive control were also prepared. The cytotoxicity test on human keratinocytes in vitro was analyzed with the AlamarBlue assay after 5, 10, and 20 min, with four ICG concentrations, and at two temperatures (room temperature and 37 °C). The tested periodontal pathogens treated with aPDT were eliminated in a range between 1.2 and 6.7 log10 CFU, except for A. naeslundii, which was killed at a lower range. The subgingival biofilm treated with aPDT expressed significant differences to the untreated controls except for at 300 µg/mL ICG concentration. The cytotoxicity was directly related to the concentration of ICG and irradiation time. These observations raise questions concerning the use of this specific aPDT as an adjuvant to periodontal treatments due to its possible toxicity towards human gingival cells.
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Synergistic Effect of Combination of a Temoporfin-Based Photodynamic Therapy with Potassium Iodide or Antibacterial Agents on Oral Disease Pathogens In Vitro. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040488. [PMID: 35455485 PMCID: PMC9027005 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
5, 10, 15, 20-Tetrakis(3-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (temoporfin) is a photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy for oral cancer and periodontal disease treatment. This study determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of temoporfin. Additionally, the combination of potassium iodide (KI) or antimicrobial agents in oral pathogens under hypoxic or normoxic conditions were determined. We also evaluated the biofilm removal effect and detected the expressions of the antibiotic resistance-related genes and biofilm formation-related genes of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The results provided reveal that the combination of the temoporfin and KI had a synergistic effect of reducing the MICs and MBCs of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus paracasei under normoxic and hypoxic conditions due to increasing H2O2 production. Temoporfin increased the biofilm removal of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus under normoxic condition, and it reduced the antibiotic resistance-related genes expression of MRSA. The combination of temoporfin with ampicillin or chlorhexidine significantly enhanced the bactericidal effect on MRSA. This study provides a potential application of temoporfin on the clinical side against oral pathogens and the prevention of oral diseases.
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Thomas-Moore BA, Del Valle CA, Field RA, Marín MJ. Recent advances in nanoparticle-based targeting tactics for antibacterial photodynamic therapy. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:1111-1131. [PMID: 35384638 PMCID: PMC9287206 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00194-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The rise of antibacterial drug resistance means treatment options are becoming increasingly limited. We must find ways to tackle these hard-to-treat drug-resistant and biofilm infections. With the lack of new antibacterial drugs (such as antibiotics) reaching the clinics, research has switched focus to exploring alternative strategies. One such strategy is antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), a system that relies on light, oxygen, and a non-toxic dye (photosensitiser) to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species. This technique has already been shown capable of handling both drug-resistant and biofilm infections but has limited clinical approval to date, which is in part due to the low bioavailability and selectivity of hydrophobic photosensitisers. Nanotechnology-based techniques have the potential to address the limitations of current aPDT, as already well-documented in anti-cancer PDT. Here, we review recent advances in nanoparticle-based targeting tactics for aPDT. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Brydie A Thomas-Moore
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
- Norwich Research Park Innovation Centre, Iceni Glycoscience Ltd, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR4 7GJ, UK.
| | - Carla Arnau Del Valle
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Robert A Field
- Norwich Research Park Innovation Centre, Iceni Glycoscience Ltd, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR4 7GJ, UK
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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Silva E, Aroso IM, Silva JM, Reis RL. Comparing deep eutectic solvents and cyclodextrin complexes as curcumin vehicles for blue-light antimicrobial photodynamic therapy approaches. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:1159-1173. [PMID: 35366753 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00197-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin (Cur), a polyphenolic compound derived from Curcuma longa L., has garnered the attention of the scientific community due to its remarkable biological properties such as its potential as a photosensitizing agent for photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, due to its low solubility in aqueous media and instability at physiological and alkaline pH, Cur has struggled to find relevant clinical application. To tackle these shortcomings, two distinct Cur-based formulations based on either complexation with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD), MβCDC-Cur, or dissolution in a choline chloride (ChCl): glycerol (Gly) deep eutectic solvent (DES), DES-Cur, were produced, physio-chemically characterized and compared regarding their potential as phototherapeutic agents for blue-light antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) approaches. Both MβCD-Cur and DES-Cur were able to greatly enhance Cur solubility profile when compared to Cur powder. However, MβCD-Cur appears to hinder some of Cur's basal biological properties and possessed greater basal cytotoxicity towards L929 murine fibroblast cell line. Furthermore, MβCD-Cur was less photo-responsive when exposed to light which may hamper its application in blue-light aPDT approaches. In contrast, DES-Cur showed good biological properties and high photoresponsivity, displaying relevant phototoxicity against bacterial pathogens (≥ 99.9% bacterial reduction) while being better tolerated by L929 murine cells. Overall, this study found DES to be the more effective vehicle for Cur in terms of phototherapeutic potential which will serve as basis to develop novel platforms and approaches for blue-light aPDT targeting localized superficial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Silva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Avepark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco GMR, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ivo M Aroso
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Avepark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco GMR, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joana M Silva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Avepark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco GMR, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Avepark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco GMR, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
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Photodynamic Therapy Using 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (Ala) for the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Prospective Case Series. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12063102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aim: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of supportive periodontal therapy (i.e., scaling and root planning, SRP) alone versus ALADENT medical device used in association with SRP in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in adult patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 patients with a diagnosis of chronic periodontitis (40 localized chronic periodontitis sites) aged between 35 and 55 were selected. None of these patients previously received any surgical or non-surgical periodontal therapy, and they presented radiographic evidence of moderate bone loss. Two non-adjacent sites in different quadrants were identified and observed in each patient, analyzing treatment effectiveness (split-mouth design). Clinical pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, and bleeding on probing were evaluated at time 0 and after 6 months, while microbial analysis (MA) was conducted at baseline and after 15 days. Significant differences were calculated using SPSS program and paired simple statistic t-test. Results: Total bacteria loadings had a statistically significant reduction before and after treatment with SRP (left site) (total average decrease of 27%). The sites treated with SRP plus ALADENT (right) showed a significantly reduced total bacterial loading compared to the untreated sites (right) (total average decrease of 75%). Mean values of CAL/PD and percentages data of BOP, recorded after SRP + ALADENT therapy, showed a higher reduction (CAL = 2.42, PD = 2.87 mm, 90% of sites with no bleeding) than those obtained after SRP treatment (CAL = 4.08 mm, PD = 4.73 mm, 70% of sites with no bleeding). Conclusion: The treatment of moderate and severe chronic periodontitis should include, beside SRP, the use of ALADENT medical device, which has been proved to be a useful adjuvant therapy.
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Lebedeva NS, Koifman OI. Supramolecular Systems Based on Macrocyclic Compounds with Proteins: Application Prospects. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162022010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Pourhajibagher M, Keshavarz Valian N, Bahador A. Theranostic nanoplatforms of emodin-chitosan with blue laser light on enhancing the anti-biofilm activity of photodynamic therapy against Streptococcus mutans biofilms on the enamel surface. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:68. [PMID: 35246026 PMCID: PMC8896274 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02481-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Combining photosensitizer and light irradiation, named antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is an adjuvant therapy for eliminating microbial biofilms. This ex vivo study evaluates the effect of anti-biofilm activity of aPDT based on emodin-chitosan nanoparticles (Emo-CS-NPs) plus blue laser light against Streptococcus mutans biofilm on the enamel surface. Materials After determination of the fractional inhibitory concentration index of Emo and CS by checkerboard array assay, Emo-CS-NPs were synthesized and characterized. Following treatment of pre-formed S. mutans biofilms on the enamel slabs, cellular uptake of Emo-CS-NPs and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were determined. The anti-biofilm and anti-metabolic activities of aPDT were investigated. Eventually, lactic acid production capacity, concentrations of S. mutans extracellular DNA (eDNA) levels, and expression of the gene involved in the biofilm formation (gtfB) were evaluated. Results The maximum uptake of Emo-CS-NPs occurs in an incubation time of 5 min. When irradiated, Emo-CS-NPs were photoactivated, generating ROS, and led to a decrease in the cell viability and metabolic activity of S. mutans significantly (P < 0.05). S. mutans eDNA and lactic acid production outcomes indicated that Emo-CS-NPs-mediated aPDT led to a significant reduction of eDNA levels (48%) and lactic acid production (72.4%) compared to the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, gtfB mRNA expression in S. mutans was downregulated (7.8-fold) after aPDT in comparison with the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions Our data support that, aPDT using Emo-CS-NPs revealed the highest cellular uptake and ROS generation. Emo-CS-NPs based aPDT could inhibit significantly biofilm formation and reduce effectively virulence potency of S. mutans; thus, it could be an adjuvant therapy against dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Pourhajibagher
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Keshavarz Valian
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Bahador
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Fellowship in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, BioHealth Lab, Tehran, Iran.
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de Almeida JM, Matheus HR, Sendão Alves BE, Rodrigues Gusman DJ, Nagata MJH, de Abreu Furquim EM, Ervolino E. Evaluation of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with acidic methylene blue for the treatment of experimental periodontitis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263103. [PMID: 35143492 PMCID: PMC8830666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the security and effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with a citric acid-based methylene blue (MB) on the periodontal repair following the treatment of ligature-induced experimental periodontitis (EP) in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Were used 120 male rats, randomly divided into 4 experimental groups (n = 30): no treatment (NT), SRP alone (SRP), SRP plus aPDT using conventional MB pH 7.0 (aPDT-pH7), SRP plus aPDT using acidic MB pH 1.0 (aPDT-pH1). EP was induced at day 0 by the placement of a ligature around the mandibular left first molars. Ten animals per group/period were euthanized at 14, 22 and 37 days. Histopathological, histometric (percentage of bone in the furcation [PBF]) and immunohistochemical (for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase [TRAP] and osteocalcin [OCN]) analyses were performed. Data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS aPDT-pH1 showed the highest PBF as compared with the other treatments. Collectively, tissues' reaction to both dyes were controlled and healthy for the periodontium. Both aPDT protocols reduced the extent and intensity of the local inflammatory response, reduced the alveolar bone resorption, and promoted a better structural arrangement of the connective tissue as compared with SRP. TRAP expression was downregulated while OCN expression was upregulated by aPDT as compared with SRP alone. CONCLUSION Our data implicate that the novel MB pH 1.0 is as safe as the conventional MB for use in aPDT and raises its additional benefit of increasing the amount of alveolar bone in the furcation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Milanezi de Almeida
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Nucleus of Study and Research in Periodontics and Implantology (NEPPI), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Rinaldi Matheus
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Nucleus of Study and Research in Periodontics and Implantology (NEPPI), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Breno Edson Sendão Alves
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Nucleus of Study and Research in Periodontics and Implantology (NEPPI), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - David Jonathan Rodrigues Gusman
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Nucleus of Study and Research in Periodontics and Implantology (NEPPI), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria José Hitomi Nagata
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Nucleus of Study and Research in Periodontics and Implantology (NEPPI), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Elisa Mara de Abreu Furquim
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Nucleus of Study and Research in Periodontics and Implantology (NEPPI), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- School of Dentistry, Nucleus of Study and Research in Periodontics and Implantology (NEPPI), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
- Department of Basic Science, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
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Plant extract incorporated into glass ionomer cement as a photosensitizing agent for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on Streptococcus mutans. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 38:102788. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Inhibitory effect of 405-nm blue LED light on the growth of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans dual-species biofilms on denture base resin. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2311-2319. [PMID: 35034224 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03507-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether irradiation with 405-nm blue LED light could inhibit the growth of not only single- but dual-species biofilms formed by Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans on denture base resin and cause the alteration in gene expression related to adhesion and biofilm formation. C. albicans and S. mutans single-/dual-species biofilms were formed on the denture base specimens. The biofilms were irradiated with 405-nm blue LED light (power density output: 280 mW/cm2) for 0 (control) and 40 min. Dual-species biofilms were analyzed using CFU assay and fluorescence microscopy, and single-/dual-species biofilms were analyzed using alamarBlue assays and gene expression analysis. To assess the inhibitory effect of irradiation on dual-species biofilms, specimens after irradiation were aerobically incubated for 12 h. After incubation, the inhibition of growth was assessed using CFU assays and fluorescence microscopy. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U or Student's t test (p < 0.05). Irradiation produced a significant inhibitory effect on biofilms. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that almost all C. albicans and S. mutans cells were killed by irradiation, and there was no notable difference in biofilm thickness immediately after irradiation and after irradiation and incubation for 12 h. alamarBlue assays indicated the growth of the biofilms was inhibited for 12-13 h. The expression of genes associated with adhesion and biofilm formation-als1 in C. albicans and ftf, gtfC, and gtfB in S. mutans-significantly reduced by irradiation. Irradiation with 405-nm blue LED light effectively inhibited the growth of C. albicans and S. mutans dual-species biofilms for 12 h.
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