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Cao M, Zou J, Shi M, Zhao D, Liu C, Liu Y, Li L, Jiang H. A promising therapeutic: Exosome-mediated mitochondrial transplantation. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 142:113104. [PMID: 39270344 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been identified as a trigger for cellular autophagy dysfunction and programmed cell death. Emerging studies have revealed that, in pathological contexts, intercellular transfer of mitochondria takes place, facilitating the restoration of mitochondrial function, energy metabolism, and immune homeostasis. Extracellular vesicles, membranous structures released by cells, exhibit reduced immunogenicity and enhanced stability during the transfer of mitochondria. Thus, this review provides a concise overview of mitochondrial dysfunction related diseases and the mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction in diseases progression, and the composition and functions of the extracellular vesicles, along with elucidating the principal mechanisms underlying intercellular mitochondrial transfer. In this article, we will focus on the advancements in both animal models and clinical trials concerning the therapeutic efficacy of extracellular vesicle-mediated mitochondrial transplantation across various systemic diseases in neurodegenerative diseases and cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, the review delves into the multifaceted roles of extracellular vesicle-transplanted mitochondria, encompassing anti-inflammatory actions, promotion of tissue repair, enhancement of cellular function, and modulation of metabolic and immune homeostasis within diverse pathological contexts, aiming to provide novel perspectives for extracellular vesicle transplantation of mitochondria in the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Cao
- Department of Neonatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Jiahui Zou
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Mingyue Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Danyang Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Yanshan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Hongkun Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
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2
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Su J, Song Y, Zhu Z, Huang X, Fan J, Qiao J, Mao F. Cell-cell communication: new insights and clinical implications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:196. [PMID: 39107318 PMCID: PMC11382761 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01888-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Multicellular organisms are composed of diverse cell types that must coordinate their behaviors through communication. Cell-cell communication (CCC) is essential for growth, development, differentiation, tissue and organ formation, maintenance, and physiological regulation. Cells communicate through direct contact or at a distance using ligand-receptor interactions. So cellular communication encompasses two essential processes: cell signal conduction for generation and intercellular transmission of signals, and cell signal transduction for reception and procession of signals. Deciphering intercellular communication networks is critical for understanding cell differentiation, development, and metabolism. First, we comprehensively review the historical milestones in CCC studies, followed by a detailed description of the mechanisms of signal molecule transmission and the importance of the main signaling pathways they mediate in maintaining biological functions. Then we systematically introduce a series of human diseases caused by abnormalities in cell communication and their progress in clinical applications. Finally, we summarize various methods for monitoring cell interactions, including cell imaging, proximity-based chemical labeling, mechanical force analysis, downstream analysis strategies, and single-cell technologies. These methods aim to illustrate how biological functions depend on these interactions and the complexity of their regulatory signaling pathways to regulate crucial physiological processes, including tissue homeostasis, cell development, and immune responses in diseases. In addition, this review enhances our understanding of the biological processes that occur after cell-cell binding, highlighting its application in discovering new therapeutic targets and biomarkers related to precision medicine. This collective understanding provides a foundation for developing new targeted drugs and personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimeng Su
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Song
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhu
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyue Huang
- Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jibiao Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Fengbiao Mao
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
- Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
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3
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Mathis K, Gaddam S, Koneru R, Sunkavalli N, Wang C, Patel M, Kohon AI, Meckes B. Multifunctional hydrogels with spatially controlled light activation with photocaged oligonucleotides. CELL REPORTS. PHYSICAL SCIENCE 2024; 5:101922. [PMID: 38911357 PMCID: PMC11192495 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrp.2024.101922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Recreating tissue environments with precise control over mechanical, biochemical, and cellular organization is essential for next-generation tissue models for drug discovery, development studies, and the replication of disease environments. However, controlling these properties at cell-scale lengths remains challenging. Here, we report the development of printing approaches that leverage polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels containing photocaged oligonucleotides to spatially program material characteristics with non-destructive, non-ultraviolet light. We further integrate this system with a perfusion chamber to allow us to alter the composition of PEGDA hydrogels while retaining common light-activatable photocaged DNAs. We demonstrate that the hydrogels can capture DNA functionalized materials, including cells coated with complementary oligonucleotides with spatial control using biocompatible wavelengths. Overall, these materials open pathways to orthogonal capture of any DNA functionalized materials while not changing the sequences of the DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Mathis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 North Elm St., Denton, TX 76207, USA
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Saanvi Gaddam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 North Elm St., Denton, TX 76207, USA
- Texas Academy of Mathematics and Science, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Rishi Koneru
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 North Elm St., Denton, TX 76207, USA
- Texas Academy of Mathematics and Science, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Nikhil Sunkavalli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 North Elm St., Denton, TX 76207, USA
- Texas Academy of Mathematics and Science, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Catherine Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 North Elm St., Denton, TX 76207, USA
- Texas Academy of Mathematics and Science, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Manan Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 North Elm St., Denton, TX 76207, USA
- Texas Academy of Mathematics and Science, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Afia Ibnat Kohon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 North Elm St., Denton, TX 76207, USA
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Brian Meckes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 North Elm St., Denton, TX 76207, USA
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA
- Lead contact
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4
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Li Y, Yang Z, Zhang S, Li J. Miro-mediated mitochondrial transport: A new dimension for disease-related abnormal cell metabolism? Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 705:149737. [PMID: 38430606 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are versatile and highly dynamic organelles found in eukaryotic cells that play important roles in a variety of cellular processes. The importance of mitochondrial transport in cell metabolism, including variations in mitochondrial distribution within cells and intercellular transfer, has grown in recent years. Several studies have demonstrated that abnormal mitochondrial transport represents an early pathogenic alteration in a variety of illnesses, emphasizing its significance in disease development and progression. Mitochondrial Rho GTPase (Miro) is a protein found on the outer mitochondrial membrane that is required for cytoskeleton-dependent mitochondrial transport, mitochondrial dynamics (fusion and fission), and mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis. Miro, as a critical regulator of mitochondrial transport, has yet to be thoroughly investigated in illness. This review focuses on recent developments in recognizing Miro as a crucial molecule in controlling mitochondrial transport and investigates its roles in diverse illnesses. It also intends to shed light on the possibilities of targeting Miro as a therapeutic method for a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxing Li
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shumei Zhang
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Jincheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Jincheng, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Borcherding N, Brestoff JR. The power and potential of mitochondria transfer. Nature 2023; 623:283-291. [PMID: 37938702 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06537-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are believed to have originated through an ancient endosymbiotic process in which proteobacteria were captured and co-opted for energy production and cellular metabolism. Mitochondria segregate during cell division and differentiation, with vertical inheritance of mitochondria and the mitochondrial DNA genome from parent to daughter cells. However, an emerging body of literature indicates that some cell types export their mitochondria for delivery to developmentally unrelated cell types, a process called intercellular mitochondria transfer. In this Review, we describe the mechanisms by which mitochondria are transferred between cells and discuss how intercellular mitochondria transfer regulates the physiology and function of various organ systems in health and disease. In particular, we discuss the role of mitochondria transfer in regulating cellular metabolism, cancer, the immune system, maintenance of tissue homeostasis, mitochondrial quality control, wound healing and adipose tissue function. We also highlight the potential of targeting intercellular mitochondria transfer as a therapeutic strategy to treat human diseases and augment cellular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Borcherding
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jonathan R Brestoff
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
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6
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Liu Y, Fu T, Li G, Li B, Luo G, Li N, Geng Q. Mitochondrial transfer between cell crosstalk - An emerging role in mitochondrial quality control. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102038. [PMID: 37625463 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Intercellular signaling and component conduction are essential for multicellular organisms' homeostasis, and mitochondrial transcellular transport is a key example of such cellular component exchange. In physiological situations, mitochondrial transfer is linked with biological development, energy coordination, and clearance of harmful components, remarkably playing important roles in maintaining mitochondrial quality. Mitochondria are engaged in many critical biological activities, like oxidative metabolism and biomolecular synthesis, and are exclusively prone to malfunction in pathological processes. Importantly, severe mitochondrial damage will further amplify the defects in the mitochondrial quality control system, which will mobilize more active mitochondrial transfer, replenish exogenous healthy mitochondria, and remove endogenous damaged mitochondria to facilitate disease outcomes. This review explores intercellular mitochondrial transport in cells, its role in cellular mitochondrial quality control, and the linking mechanisms in cellular crosstalk. We also describe advances in therapeutic strategies for diseases that target mitochondrial transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tinglv Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guorui Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Boyang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoqing Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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7
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Liu Q, Liu M, Yang T, Wang X, Cheng P, Zhou H. What can we do to optimize mitochondrial transplantation therapy for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury? Mitochondrion 2023; 72:72-83. [PMID: 37549815 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial transplantation is a promising solution for the heart following ischemia-reperfusion injury due to its capacity to replace damaged mitochondria and restore cardiac function. However, many barriers (such as inadequate mitochondrial internalization, poor survival of transplanted mitochondria, few mitochondria colocalized with cardiac cells) compromise the replacement of injured mitochondria with transplanted mitochondria. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize mitochondrial transplantation therapy to improve clinical effectiveness. By analogy, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury is like a withered flower, it needs to absorb enough nutrients to recover and bloom. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of "nutrients" (source of exogenous mitochondria and different techniques for mitochondrial isolation), "absorption" (mitochondrial transplantation approaches, mitochondrial transplantation dose and internalization mechanism), and "flowering" (the mechanism of mitochondrial transplantation in cardioprotection) for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Comprehensive treatment area of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianshu Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinting Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peipei Cheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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8
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Yang H, Yang Y, Kiskin FN, Shen M, Zhang JZ. Recent advances in regulating the proliferation or maturation of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:228. [PMID: 37649113 PMCID: PMC10469435 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03470-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM)-based cell therapy has drawn broad attention as a potential therapy for treating injured hearts. However, mass production of hiPSC-CMs remains challenging, limiting their translational potential in regenerative medicine. Therefore, multiple strategies including cell cycle regulators, small molecules, co-culture systems, and epigenetic modifiers have been used to improve the proliferation of hiPSC-CMs. On the other hand, the immaturity of these proliferative hiPSC-CMs could lead to lethal arrhythmias due to their limited ability to functionally couple with resident cardiomyocytes. To achieve functional maturity, numerous methods such as prolonged culture, biochemical or biophysical stimulation, in vivo transplantation, and 3D culture approaches have been employed. In this review, we summarize recent approaches used to promote hiPSC-CM proliferation, and thoroughly review recent advances in promoting hiPSC-CM maturation, which will serve as the foundation for large-scale production of mature hiPSC-CMs for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Fedir N Kiskin
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Mengcheng Shen
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joe Z Zhang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China.
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9
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Mathis K, Kohon AI, Black S, Meckes B. Light-Controlled Cell-Cell Assembly Using Photocaged Oligonucleotides. ACS MATERIALS AU 2023; 3:386-393. [PMID: 38090125 PMCID: PMC10347689 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.3c00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
The interactions between heterogeneous cell populations play important roles in dictating various cell behaviors. Cell-cell contact mediates communication through the exchange of signaling molecules, electrical coupling, and direct membrane-linked ligand-receptor interactions. In vitro culturing of multiple cell types with control over their specific arrangement is difficult, especially in three-dimensional (3D) systems. While techniques that allow one to control the arrangement of cells and direct contact between different cell types have been developed that expand upon simple co-culture methods, specific control over heterojunctions that form between cells is not easily accomplished with current methods, such as 3D cell-printing. In this article, DNA-mediated cell interactions are combined with cell-compatible photolithographic approaches to control cell assembly. Specifically, cells are coated with oligonucleotides containing DNA nucleobases that are protected with photocleavable moieties; this coating facilitated light-controlled cell assembly when these cells were mixed with cells coated with complementary oligonucleotides. By combining this technology with digital micromirror devices mounted on a microscope, selective activation of specific cell populations for interactions with other cells was achieved. Importantly, this technique is rapid and uses non-UV light sources. Taken together, this technique opens new pathways for on-demand programming of complex cell structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Mathis
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
North Texas, 3940 N Elm Street, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
- BioDiscovery
Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Afia Ibnat Kohon
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
North Texas, 3940 N Elm Street, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
- BioDiscovery
Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Stephen Black
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
North Texas, 3940 N Elm Street, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
- BioDiscovery
Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Brian Meckes
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
North Texas, 3940 N Elm Street, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
- BioDiscovery
Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
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Yang J, Liu L, Oda Y, Wada K, Ago M, Matsuda S, Hattori M, Goto T, Kawashima Y, Matsuzaki Y, Taketani T. Highly-purified rapidly expanding clones, RECs, are superior for functional-mitochondrial transfer. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:40. [PMID: 36927781 PMCID: PMC10022310 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03274-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or nuclear DNA, which codes for mitochondrial components, are known to be associated with various genetic and congenital disorders. These mitochondrial disorders not only impair energy production but also affect mitochondrial functions and have no effective treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to migrate to damaged sites and carry out mitochondrial transfer. MSCs grown using conventional culture methods exhibit heterogeneous cellular characteristics. In contrast, highly purified MSCs, namely the rapidly expanding clones (RECs) isolated by single-cell sorting, display uniform MSCs functionality. Therefore, we examined the differences between RECs and MSCs to assess the efficacy of mitochondrial transfer. METHODS We established mitochondria-deficient cell lines (ρ0 A549 and ρ0 HeLa cell lines) using ethidium bromide. Mitochondrial transfer from RECs/MSCs to ρ0 cells was confirmed by PCR and flow cytometry analysis. We examined several mitochondrial functions including ATP, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential, and oxygen consumption rate (OCR). The route of mitochondrial transfer was identified using inhibition assays for microtubules/tunneling nanotubes, gap junctions, or microvesicles using transwell assay and molecular inhibitors. RESULTS Co-culture of ρ0 cells with MSCs or RECs led to restoration of the mtDNA content. RECs transferred more mitochondria to ρ0 cells compared to that by MSCs. The recovery of mitochondrial function, including ATP, OCR, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mitochondrial swelling in ρ0 cells co-cultured with RECs was superior than that in cells co-cultured with MSCs. Inhibition assays for each pathway revealed that RECs were sensitive to endocytosis inhibitor, dynasore. CONCLUSIONS RECs might serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for diseases linked to mitochondrial dysfunction by donating healthy mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1, Enya, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1, Enya, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.,Faculty of Nursing, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yasuaki Oda
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1, Enya, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Keisuke Wada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1, Enya, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Mako Ago
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1, Enya, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Matsuda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shimane University Hospital, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Miho Hattori
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1, Enya, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Tsukimi Goto
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1, Enya, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawashima
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1, Enya, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Yumi Matsuzaki
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Takeshi Taketani
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1, Enya, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.
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11
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Tang LX, Wei B, Jiang LY, Ying YY, Li K, Chen TX, Huang RF, Shi MJ, Xu H. Intercellular mitochondrial transfer as a means of revitalizing injured glomerular endothelial cells. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:729-743. [PMID: 36188114 PMCID: PMC9516466 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i9.729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can rescue injured target cells via mitochondrial transfer. However, it has not been fully understood how bone marrow-derived MSCs repair glomeruli in diabetic kidney disease (DKD).
AIM To explore the mitochondrial transfer involved in the rescue of injured glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) by MSCs, both in vitro and in vivo.
METHODS In vitro experiments were performed to investigate the effect of co-culture with MSCs on high glucose-induced GECs. The transfer of mitochondria was visualized using fluorescent microscopy. GECs were freshly sorted and ultimately tested for apoptosis, viability, mRNA expression by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, protein expression by western blot, and mitochondrial function. Moreover, streptozotocin-induced DKD rats were infused with MSCs, and renal function and oxidative stress were detected with an automatic biochemical analyzer and related-detection kits after 2 wk. Kidney histology was analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, and immunohistochemical staining.
RESULTS Fluorescence imaging confirmed that MSCs transferred mitochondria to injured GECs when co-cultured in vitro. We found that the apoptosis, proliferation, and mitochondrial function of injured GECs were improved following co-culture. Additionally, MSCs decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α] and pro-apoptotic factors (caspase 3 and Bax). Mitochondrial transfer also enhanced the expression of superoxide dismutase 2, B cell lymphoma-2, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) 3, and mitofusin 2 and inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) and dynamin-related protein 1 expression. Furthermore, MSCs significantly ameliorated functional parameters (blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine) and decreased the production of malondialdehyde, advanced glycation end products, and ROS, whereas they increased the levels of GPx and superoxide dismutase in vivo. In addition, significant reductions in the glomerular basement membrane and renal interstitial fibrosis were observed following MSC treatment.
CONCLUSION MSCs can rejuvenate damaged GECs via mitochondrial transfer. Additionally, the improvement of renal function and pathological changes in DKD by MSCs may be related to the mechanism of mitochondrial transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xia Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People’s Hospital of Yongkang Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Jinhua 321300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bing Wei
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lu-Yao Jiang
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, The First People’s Hospital of Yongkang Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Jinhua 321300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - You-You Ying
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People’s Hospital of Yongkang Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Jinhua 321300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People’s Hospital of Yongkang Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Jinhua 321300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tian-Xi Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First People’s Hospital of Yongkang Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Jinhua 321300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ruo-Fei Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People’s Hospital of Yongkang Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Jinhua 321300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Miao-Jun Shi
- Department of Nephrology, The First People’s Hospital of Yongkang Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Jinhua 321300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hang Xu
- Department of Hemodialysis/Nephrology, The First People’s Hospital of Yongkang Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Jinhua 321300, Zhejiang Province, China
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12
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Nahacka Z, Novak J, Zobalova R, Neuzil J. Miro proteins and their role in mitochondrial transfer in cancer and beyond. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:937753. [PMID: 35959487 PMCID: PMC9358137 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.937753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles essential for tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Although their main cellular function, generation of energy in the form of ATP is dispensable for cancer cells, their capability to drive their adaptation to stress originating from tumor microenvironment makes them a plausible therapeutic target. Recent research has revealed that cancer cells with damaged oxidative phosphorylation import healthy (functional) mitochondria from surrounding stromal cells to drive pyrimidine synthesis and cell proliferation. Furthermore, it has been shown that energetically competent mitochondria are fundamental for tumor cell migration, invasion and metastasis. The spatial positioning and transport of mitochondria involves Miro proteins from a subfamily of small GTPases, localized in outer mitochondrial membrane. Miro proteins are involved in the structure of the MICOS complex, connecting outer and inner-mitochondrial membrane; in mitochondria-ER communication; Ca2+ metabolism; and in the recycling of damaged organelles via mitophagy. The most important role of Miro is regulation of mitochondrial movement and distribution within (and between) cells, acting as an adaptor linking organelles to cytoskeleton-associated motor proteins. In this review, we discuss the function of Miro proteins in various modes of intercellular mitochondrial transfer, emphasizing the structure and dynamics of tunneling nanotubes, the most common transfer modality. We summarize the evidence for and propose possible roles of Miro proteins in nanotube-mediated transfer as well as in cancer cell migration and metastasis, both processes being tightly connected to cytoskeleton-driven mitochondrial movement and positioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Nahacka
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Zuzana Nahacka, ; Jiri Neuzil,
| | - Jaromir Novak
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Renata Zobalova
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
- *Correspondence: Zuzana Nahacka, ; Jiri Neuzil,
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13
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Li G, Yang J, Zhang D, Wang X, Han J, Guo X. Research Progress of Myocardial Fibrosis and Atrial Fibrillation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:889706. [PMID: 35958428 PMCID: PMC9357935 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.889706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aging population and the increasing incidence of basic illnesses such as hypertension and diabetes (DM), the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) has increased significantly. AF is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice, which can cause heart failure (HF) and ischemic stroke (IS), increasing disability and mortality. Current studies point out that myocardial fibrosis (MF) is one of the most critical substrates for the occurrence and maintenance of AF. Although myocardial biopsy is the gold standard for evaluating MF, it is rarely used in clinical practice because it is an invasive procedure. In addition, serological indicators and imaging methods have also been used to evaluate MF. Nevertheless, the accuracy of serological markers in evaluating MF is controversial. This review focuses on the pathogenesis of MF, serological evaluation, imaging evaluation, and anti-fibrosis treatment to discuss the existing problems and provide new ideas for MF and AF evaluation and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangling Li
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Demei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Han
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xueya Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xueya Guo,
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14
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Huang T, Zhang T, Gao J. Targeted mitochondrial delivery: A therapeutic new era for disease treatment. J Control Release 2022; 343:89-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Lagonegro P, Rossi S, Salvarani N, Lo Muzio FP, Rozzi G, Modica J, Bigi F, Quaretti M, Salviati G, Pinelli S, Alinovi R, Catalucci D, D'Autilia F, Gazza F, Condorelli G, Rossi F, Miragoli M. Synthetic recovery of impulse propagation in myocardial infarction via silicon carbide semiconductive nanowires. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6. [PMID: 35013167 PMCID: PMC8748722 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27637-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction causes 7.3 million deaths worldwide, mostly for fibrillation that electrically originates from the damaged areas of the left ventricle. Conventional cardiac bypass graft and percutaneous coronary interventions allow reperfusion of the downstream tissue but do not counteract the bioelectrical alteration originated from the infarct area. Genetic, cellular, and tissue engineering therapies are promising avenues but require days/months for permitting proper functional tissue regeneration. Here we engineered biocompatible silicon carbide semiconductive nanowires that synthetically couple, via membrane nanobridge formations, isolated beating cardiomyocytes over distance, restoring physiological cell-cell conductance, thereby permitting the synchronization of bioelectrical activity in otherwise uncoupled cells. Local in-situ multiple injections of nanowires in the left ventricular infarcted regions allow rapid reinstatement of impulse propagation across damaged areas and recover electrogram parameters and conduction velocity. Here we propose this nanomedical intervention as a strategy for reducing ventricular arrhythmia after acute myocardial infarction. Silicon-based materials have the ability to support bioelectrical activity. Here the authors show how injectable silicon carbide nanowires reduce arrhythmias and rapidly restore conduction in a myocardial infarction model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Lagonegro
- Istituto dei Materiali per l'Elettronica e il Magnetismo (IMEM), National Research Council CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124, Parma, IT, Italy.,Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (SCITEC-CNR), Via A. Corti 12, 20133, Milan, IT, Italy
| | - Stefano Rossi
- CERT, Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Tossicologica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Università di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43124, Parma, IT, Italy
| | - Nicolò Salvarani
- Humanitas Research Hospital - IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano (Milan), IT, Italy.,Istituto di Ricerca Genetica Biomedica (IRGB), National Research Council CNR, UOS Milan Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, IT, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Lo Muzio
- CERT, Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Tossicologica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Università di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43124, Parma, IT, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Odontostomatologiche e Materno-Infantili, Università di Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, - P.le L.A. Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, IT, Italy
| | - Giacomo Rozzi
- CERT, Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Tossicologica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Università di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43124, Parma, IT, Italy.,Humanitas Research Hospital - IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano (Milan), IT, Italy
| | - Jessica Modica
- Humanitas Research Hospital - IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano (Milan), IT, Italy.,Istituto di Ricerca Genetica Biomedica (IRGB), National Research Council CNR, UOS Milan Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, IT, Italy
| | - Franca Bigi
- Istituto dei Materiali per l'Elettronica e il Magnetismo (IMEM), National Research Council CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124, Parma, IT, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 11/a - 43124, Parma, IT, Italy
| | - Martina Quaretti
- Istituto dei Materiali per l'Elettronica e il Magnetismo (IMEM), National Research Council CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124, Parma, IT, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 11/a - 43124, Parma, IT, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Salviati
- Istituto dei Materiali per l'Elettronica e il Magnetismo (IMEM), National Research Council CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124, Parma, IT, Italy
| | - Silvana Pinelli
- CERT, Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Tossicologica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Università di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43124, Parma, IT, Italy
| | - Rossella Alinovi
- CERT, Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Tossicologica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Università di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43124, Parma, IT, Italy
| | - Daniele Catalucci
- Humanitas Research Hospital - IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano (Milan), IT, Italy.,Istituto di Ricerca Genetica Biomedica (IRGB), National Research Council CNR, UOS Milan Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, IT, Italy
| | - Francesca D'Autilia
- Humanitas Research Hospital - IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano (Milan), IT, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Gazza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, via del Taglio 10, 43126, Parma, IT, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Condorelli
- Humanitas Research Hospital - IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano (Milan), IT, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele Milan, IT, Italy
| | - Francesca Rossi
- Istituto dei Materiali per l'Elettronica e il Magnetismo (IMEM), National Research Council CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124, Parma, IT, Italy
| | - Michele Miragoli
- CERT, Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Tossicologica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Università di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43124, Parma, IT, Italy. .,Humanitas Research Hospital - IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano (Milan), IT, Italy.
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16
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Oxidative stress and Rho GTPases in the biogenesis of tunnelling nanotubes: implications in disease and therapy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:36. [PMID: 34921322 PMCID: PMC8683290 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04040-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tunnelling nanotubes (TNTs) are an emerging route of long-range intercellular communication that mediate cell-to-cell exchange of cargo and organelles and contribute to maintaining cellular homeostasis by balancing diverse cellular stresses. Besides their role in intercellular communication, TNTs are implicated in several ways in health and disease. Transfer of pathogenic molecules or structures via TNTs can promote the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, cancer malignancy, and the spread of viral infection. Additionally, TNTs contribute to acquiring resistance to cancer therapy, probably via their ability to rescue cells by ameliorating various pathological stresses, such as oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptotic stress. Moreover, mesenchymal stem cells play a crucial role in the rejuvenation of targeted cells with mitochondrial heteroplasmy and oxidative stress by transferring healthy mitochondria through TNTs. Recent research has focussed on uncovering the key regulatory molecules involved in the biogenesis of TNTs. However further work will be required to provide detailed understanding of TNT regulation. In this review, we discuss possible associations with Rho GTPases linked to oxidative stress and apoptotic signals in biogenesis pathways of TNTs and summarize how intercellular trafficking of cargo and organelles, including mitochondria, via TNTs plays a crucial role in disease progression and also in rejuvenation/therapy.
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17
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Chen J, Zhong J, Wang LL, Chen YY. Mitochondrial Transfer in Cardiovascular Disease: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Implications. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:771298. [PMID: 34901230 PMCID: PMC8661009 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.771298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been proven to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. The phenomenon of intercellular mitochondrial transfer has been discovered in the cardiovascular system. Studies have shown that cell-to-cell mitochondrial transfer plays an essential role in regulating cardiovascular system development and maintaining normal tissue homeostasis under physiological conditions. In pathological conditions, damaged cells transfer dysfunctional mitochondria toward recipient cells to ask for help and take up exogenous functional mitochondria to alleviate injury. In this review, we summarized the mechanism of mitochondrial transfer in the cardiovascular system and outlined the fate and functional role of donor mitochondria. We also discussed the advantage and challenges of mitochondrial transfer strategies, including cell-based mitochondrial transplantation, extracellular vesicle-based mitochondrial transplantation, and naked mitochondrial transplantation, for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. We hope this review will provide perspectives on mitochondrial-targeted therapeutics in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, and Department of Obstetrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinjie Zhong
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, and Department of Obstetrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin-Lin Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, and Department of Orthopaedics of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Ying Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, and Department of Obstetrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Ali Pour P, Hosseinian S, Kheradvar A. Mitochondrial transplantation in cardiomyocytes: foundation, methods, and outcomes. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C489-C503. [PMID: 34191626 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00152.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial transplantation is emerging as a novel cellular biotherapy to alleviate mitochondrial damage and dysfunction. Mitochondria play a crucial role in establishing cellular homeostasis and providing cell with the energy necessary to accomplish its function. Owing to its endosymbiotic origin, mitochondria share many features with their bacterial ancestors. Unlike the nuclear DNA, which is packaged into nucleosomes and protected from adverse environmental effects, mitochondrial DNA are more prone to harsh environmental effects, in particular that of the reactive oxygen species. Mitochondrial damage and dysfunction are implicated in many diseases ranging from metabolic diseases to cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, among others. While it was once thought that transplantation of mitochondria would not be possible due to their semiautonomous nature and reliance on the nucleus, recent advances have shown that it is possible to transplant viable functional intact mitochondria from autologous, allogenic, and xenogeneic sources into different cell types. Moreover, current research suggests that the transplantation could positively modulate bioenergetics and improve disease outcome. Mitochondrial transplantation techniques and consequences of transplantation in cardiomyocytes are the theme of this review. We outline the different mitochondrial isolation and transfer techniques. Finally, we detail the consequences of mitochondrial transplantation in the cardiovascular system, more specifically in the context of cardiomyopathies and ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paria Ali Pour
- Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, Irvine, California.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Sina Hosseinian
- Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, Irvine, California.,School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Arash Kheradvar
- Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, Irvine, California.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California.,School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California
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19
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Nahacka Z, Zobalova R, Dubisova M, Rohlena J, Neuzil J. Miro proteins connect mitochondrial function and intercellular transport. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 56:401-425. [PMID: 34139898 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2021.1925216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles present in most eukaryotic cells, where they play major and multifaceted roles. The classical notion of the main mitochondrial function as the powerhouse of the cell per se has been complemented by recent discoveries pointing to mitochondria as organelles affecting a number of other auxiliary processes. They go beyond the classical energy provision via acting as a relay point of many catabolic and anabolic processes, to signaling pathways critically affecting cell growth by their implication in de novo pyrimidine synthesis. These additional roles further underscore the importance of mitochondrial homeostasis in various tissues, where its deregulation promotes a number of pathologies. While it has long been known that mitochondria can move within a cell to sites where they are needed, recent research has uncovered that mitochondria can also move between cells. While this intriguing field of research is only emerging, it is clear that mobilization of mitochondria requires a complex apparatus that critically involves mitochondrial proteins of the Miro family, whose role goes beyond the mitochondrial transfer, as will be covered in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Nahacka
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Zobalova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Maria Dubisova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic.,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
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20
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Martins-Marques T, Rodriguez-Sinovas A, Girao H. Cellular crosstalk in cardioprotection: Where and when do reactive oxygen species play a role? Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 169:397-409. [PMID: 33892116 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A well-balanced intercellular communication between the different cells within the heart is vital for the maintenance of cardiac homeostasis and function. Despite remarkable advances on disease management and treatment, acute myocardial infarction remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Gold standard reperfusion strategies, namely primary percutaneous coronary intervention, are crucial to preserve heart function. However, reestablishment of blood flow and oxygen levels to the infarcted area are also associated with an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative damage and cardiomyocyte death, a phenomenon termed myocardial reperfusion injury. In addition, ROS signaling has been demonstrated to regulate multiple biological pathways, including cell differentiation and intercellular communication. Given the importance of cell-cell crosstalk in the coordinated response after cell injury, in this review, we will discuss the impact of ROS in the different forms of inter- and intracellular communication, as well as the role of gap junctions, tunneling nanotubes and extracellular vesicles in the propagation of oxidative damage in cardiac diseases, particularly in the context of ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Martins-Marques
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Antonio Rodriguez-Sinovas
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Department of Cardiology, Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall D'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall D'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall D'Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Henrique Girao
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.
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21
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Connexins in the Heart: Regulation, Function and Involvement in Cardiac Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094413. [PMID: 33922534 PMCID: PMC8122935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Connexins are a family of transmembrane proteins that play a key role in cardiac physiology. Gap junctional channels put into contact the cytoplasms of connected cardiomyocytes, allowing the existence of electrical coupling. However, in addition to this fundamental role, connexins are also involved in cardiomyocyte death and survival. Thus, chemical coupling through gap junctions plays a key role in the spreading of injury between connected cells. Moreover, in addition to their involvement in cell-to-cell communication, mounting evidence indicates that connexins have additional gap junction-independent functions. Opening of unopposed hemichannels, located at the lateral surface of cardiomyocytes, may compromise cell homeostasis and may be involved in ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition, connexins located at non-canonical cell structures, including mitochondria and the nucleus, have been demonstrated to be involved in cardioprotection and in regulation of cell growth and differentiation. In this review, we will provide, first, an overview on connexin biology, including their synthesis and degradation, their regulation and their interactions. Then, we will conduct an in-depth examination of the role of connexins in cardiac pathophysiology, including new findings regarding their involvement in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, cardiac fibrosis, gene transcription or signaling regulation.
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22
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Cordero Cervantes D, Zurzolo C. Peering into tunneling nanotubes-The path forward. EMBO J 2021; 40:e105789. [PMID: 33646572 PMCID: PMC8047439 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020105789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of Tunneling Nanotubes (TNTs) and TNT-like structures signified a critical turning point in the field of cell-cell communication. With hypothesized roles in development and disease progression, TNTs' ability to transport biological cargo between distant cells has elevated these structures to a unique and privileged position among other mechanisms of intercellular communication. However, the field faces numerous challenges-some of the most pressing issues being the demonstration of TNTs in vivo and understanding how they form and function. Another stumbling block is represented by the vast disparity in structures classified as TNTs. In order to address this ambiguity, we propose a clear nomenclature and provide a comprehensive overview of the existing knowledge concerning TNTs. We also discuss their structure, formation-related pathways, biological function, as well as their proposed role in disease. Furthermore, we pinpoint gaps and dichotomies found across the field and highlight unexplored research avenues. Lastly, we review the methods employed to date and suggest the application of new technologies to better understand these elusive biological structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Zurzolo
- Institut PasteurMembrane Traffic and PathogenesisParisFrance
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23
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Wang S, Li Y, Zhao Y, Lin F, Qu J, Liu L. Investigating tunneling nanotubes in ovarian cancer based on two-photon excitation FLIM-FRET. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:1962-1973. [PMID: 33996210 PMCID: PMC8086450 DOI: 10.1364/boe.418778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Precise and efficient cell-to-cell communication is critical to the growth and differentiation of organisms, the formation of various organism, the maintenance of tissue function and the coordination of their various physiological activities, especially to the growth and invasion of cancer cells. Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) were discovered as a new method of cell-to-cell communication in many cell lines. In this paper, we investigated TNTs-like structures in ovarian cancer cells and proved their elements by fluorescent staining, which showed that TNTs are comprised of natural lipid bilayers with microtubules as the skeleton that can transmit ions and organelles between adjacent cells. We then used fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) based on two-photon excitation fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) (TP-FLIM-FRET) to detect material transport in TNTs. The experimental results showed that the number of TNTs have an impact on the drug treatment of cancer cells, which provided a new perspective for TNTs involvement in cancer treatment. Our results also showed that TP-FLIM-FRET would potentially become a new optical method for TNTs study.
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24
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Wang XT, Sun H, Chen NH, Yuan YH. Tunneling nanotubes: A novel pharmacological target for neurodegenerative diseases? Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105541. [PMID: 33711434 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Diversiform ways of intercellular communication are vital links in maintaining homeostasis and disseminating physiological states. Among intercellular bridges, tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) discovered in 2004 were recognized as potential pharmacology targets related to the pathogenesis of common or infrequent neurodegenerative disorders. The neurotoxic aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases including scrapie prion protein (PrPSc), mutant tau protein, amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein, alpha-synuclein (α-syn) as well as mutant Huntington (mHTT) protein could promote TNT formation via certain physiological mechanisms, in turn, mediating the intercellular transmission of neurotoxicity. In this review, we described in detail the skeleton, the formation, the physicochemical properties, and the functions of TNTs, while paying particular attention to the key role of TNTs in the transport of pathological proteins during neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica& Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Hua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica& Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica& Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Yu-He Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica& Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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25
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Park JH, Hayakawa K. Extracellular Mitochondria Signals in CNS Disorders. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:642853. [PMID: 33748135 PMCID: PMC7973090 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.642853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria actively participate in the regulation of cell respiratory mechanisms, metabolic processes, and energy homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS). Because of the requirement of high energy, neuronal functionality and viability are largely dependent on mitochondrial functionality. In the context of CNS disorders, disruptions of metabolic homeostasis caused by mitochondrial dysfunction lead to neuronal cell death and neuroinflammation. Therefore, restoring mitochondrial function becomes a primary therapeutic target. Recently, accumulating evidence suggests that active mitochondria are secreted into the extracellular fluid and potentially act as non-cell-autonomous signals in CNS pathophysiology. In this mini-review, we overview findings that implicate the presence of cell-free extracellular mitochondria and the critical role of intercellular mitochondrial transfer in various rodent models of CNS disorders. We also discuss isolated mitochondrial allograft as a novel therapeutic intervention for CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Park
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Kazuhide Hayakawa
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
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26
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Martins-Marques T, Hausenloy DJ, Sluijter JPG, Leybaert L, Girao H. Intercellular Communication in the Heart: Therapeutic Opportunities for Cardiac Ischemia. Trends Mol Med 2021; 27:248-262. [PMID: 33139169 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The maintenance of tissue, organ, and organism homeostasis relies on an intricate network of players and mechanisms that assist in the different forms of cell-cell communication. Myocardial infarction, following heart ischemia and reperfusion, is associated with profound changes in key processes of intercellular communication, involving gap junctions, extracellular vesicles, and tunneling nanotubes, some of which have been implicated in communication defects associated with cardiac injury, namely arrhythmogenesis and progression into heart failure. Therefore, intercellular communication players have emerged as attractive powerful therapeutic targets aimed at preserving a fine-tuned crosstalk between the different cardiac cells in order to prevent or repair some of harmful consequences of heart ischemia and reperfusion, re-establishing myocardial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Martins-Marques
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore; The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK; Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, Taiwan
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, Circulatory Health Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Luc Leybaert
- Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Henrique Girao
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.
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27
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Intercellular mitochondrial transfer as a means of tissue revitalization. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:65. [PMID: 33589598 PMCID: PMC7884415 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00440-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
As the crucial powerhouse for cell metabolism and tissue survival, the mitochondrion frequently undergoes morphological or positional changes when responding to various stresses and energy demands. In addition to intracellular changes, mitochondria can also be transferred intercellularly. Besides restoring stressed cells and damaged tissues due to mitochondrial dysfunction, the intercellular mitochondrial transfer also occurs under physiological conditions. In this review, the phenomenon of mitochondrial transfer is described according to its function under both physiological and pathological conditions, including tissue homeostasis, damaged tissue repair, tumor progression, and immunoregulation. Then, the mechanisms that contribute to this process are summarized, such as the trigger factors and transfer routes. Furthermore, various perspectives are explored to better understand the mysteries of cell-cell mitochondrial trafficking. In addition, potential therapeutic strategies for mitochondria-targeted application to rescue tissue damage and degeneration, as well as the inhibition of tumor progression, are discussed.
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28
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Bagheri HS, Bani F, Tasoglu S, Zarebkohan A, Rahbarghazi R, Sokullu E. Mitochondrial donation in translational medicine; from imagination to reality. J Transl Med 2020; 18:367. [PMID: 32977804 PMCID: PMC7517067 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02529-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The existence of active crosstalk between cells in a paracrine and juxtacrine manner dictates specific activity under physiological and pathological conditions. Upon juxtacrine interaction between the cells, various types of signaling molecules and organelles are regularly transmitted in response to changes in the microenvironment. To date, it has been well-established that numerous parallel cellular mechanisms participate in the mitochondrial transfer to modulate metabolic needs in the target cells. Since the conception of stem cells activity in the restoration of tissues’ function, it has been elucidated that these cells possess a unique capacity to deliver the mitochondrial package to the juxtaposed cells. The existence of mitochondrial donation potentiates the capacity of modulation in the distinct cells to achieve better therapeutic effects. This review article aims to scrutinize the current knowledge regarding the stem cell’s mitochondrial transfer capacity and their regenerative potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Saghaei Bagheri
- School of Medicine, Biophysics Department, Koç University, Rumeli Fener, Sarıyer, Istanbul, Turkey.,Koç University Translational Medicine Research Center (KUTTAM) Rumeli Feneri, Sarıyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Farhad Bani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Savas Tasoglu
- Koç University Translational Medicine Research Center (KUTTAM) Rumeli Feneri, Sarıyer, Istanbul, Turkey.,Faculty of Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department, Koç University, Rumeli Feneri Yolu, Sarıyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Daneshgah St., 51666-14756, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Emel Sokullu
- School of Medicine, Biophysics Department, Koç University, Rumeli Fener, Sarıyer, Istanbul, Turkey. .,Koç University Translational Medicine Research Center (KUTTAM) Rumeli Feneri, Sarıyer, Istanbul, Turkey.
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29
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Shanmughapriya S, Langford D, Natarajaseenivasan K. Inter and Intracellular mitochondrial trafficking in health and disease. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 62:101128. [PMID: 32712108 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurons and glia maintain central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis through diverse mechanisms of intra- and intercellular signaling. Some of these interactions include the exchange of soluble factors between cells via direct cell-to-cell contact for both short and long-distance transfer of biological materials. Transcellular transfer of mitochondria has emerged as a key example of this communication. This transcellular transfer of mitochondria are dynamically involved in the cellular and tissue response to CNS injury and play beneficial roles in recovery. This review highlights recent research addressing the cause and effect of intra- and intercellular mitochondrial transfer with a specific focus on the future of mitochondrial transplantation therapy. We believe that mitochondrial transfer plays a crucial role during bioenergetic crisis/deficit, but the quality, quantity and mode of mitochondrial transfer determines the protective capacity for the receiving cells. Mitochondrial transplantation is a new treatment paradigm and will overcome the major bottleneck of traditional approach of correcting mitochondria-related disorders.
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Soundara Rajan T, Gugliandolo A, Bramanti P, Mazzon E. Tunneling Nanotubes-Mediated Protection of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: An Update from Preclinical Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103481. [PMID: 32423160 PMCID: PMC7278958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are thin membrane elongations among the cells that mediate the trafficking of subcellular organelles, biomolecules, and cues. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) receive substantial attention in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Many MSCs-based clinical trials are ongoing for dreadful diseases including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial trafficking through TNTs is one of the mechanisms used by MSCs to repair tissue damage and to promote tissue regeneration. Preclinical studies linked with ischemia, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, inflammation, and respiratory illness have demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs via TNTs-mediated transfer of mitochondria and other molecules into the injured cells. On the other hand, MSCs-based cancer studies showed that TNTs may modulate chemoresistance in tumor cells as a result of mitochondrial trafficking. In the present review, we discuss the role of TNTs from preclinical studies associated with MSCs treatment. We discuss the impact of TNTs formation between MSCs and cancer cells and emphasize to study the importance of TNTs-mediated MSCs protection in disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangavelu Soundara Rajan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, India;
| | - Agnese Gugliandolo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Palermo, Contrada Casazza S.S.113, 98124 Messina, Italy; (A.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Palermo, Contrada Casazza S.S.113, 98124 Messina, Italy; (A.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Palermo, Contrada Casazza S.S.113, 98124 Messina, Italy; (A.G.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-60128172
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31
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The Role of Proteostasis in the Regulation of Cardiac Intercellular Communication. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1233:279-302. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-38266-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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32
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Liu L, Yang B, Wang LQ, Huang JP, Chen WY, Ban Q, Zhang Y, You R, Yin L, Guan YQ. Biomimetic bone tissue engineering hydrogel scaffolds constructed using ordered CNTs and HA induce the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:558-567. [PMID: 31854433 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01804b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The ordered hydrogel (AG-Col-o-CNT) scaffolds promoted the growth of BMSCs and influenced the differentiation of BMSCs into osteoblasts in vitro and in vivo.
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33
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Whitehead J, Zhang J, Harvestine JN, Kothambawala A, Liu GY, Leach JK. Tunneling nanotubes mediate the expression of senescence markers in mesenchymal stem/stromal cell spheroids. Stem Cells 2020; 38:80-89. [PMID: 31298767 PMCID: PMC6954984 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) is limited by acquired senescence following prolonged culture expansion and high-passage numbers. However, the degree of cell senescence is dynamic, and cell-cell communication is critical to promote cell survival. MSC spheroids exhibit improved viability compared with monodispersed cells, and actin-rich tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) may mediate cell survival and other functions through the exchange of cytoplasmic components. Building upon our previous demonstration of TNTs bridging MSCs within these cell aggregates, we hypothesized that TNTs would influence the expression of senescence markers in MSC spheroids. We confirmed the existence of functional TNTs in MSC spheroids formed from low-passage, high-passage, and mixtures of low- and high-passage cells using scanning electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, and flow cytometry. The contribution of TNTs toward the expression of senescence markers was investigated by blocking TNT formation with cytochalasin D (CytoD), an inhibitor of actin polymerization. CytoD-treated spheroids exhibited decreases in cytosol transfer. Compared with spheroids formed solely of high-passage MSCs, the addition of low-passage MSCs reduced p16 expression, a known genetic marker of senescence. We observed a significant increase in p16 expression in high-passage cells when TNT formation was inhibited, establishing the importance of TNTs in MSC spheroids. These data confirm the restorative role of TNTs within MSC spheroids formed with low- and high-passage cells and represent an exciting approach to use higher-passage cells in cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacklyn Whitehead
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Jiali Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Jenna N. Harvestine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Alefia Kothambawala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Gang-yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - J. Kent Leach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817
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34
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Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhao L, Xin Y, Liu S, Cui W. Differential roles of microtubules in the two formation stages of membrane nanotubes between human mesenchymal stem cells and neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 512:441-447. [PMID: 30904163 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Membrane nanotubes (MNTs) are a kind of novel way for communication between two distant cells. It was recently shown that MNTs can be formed between distressed cardiomyocytes (CMs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). As a cytoskeleton-containing structure, the role of microtubules in MNTs is not fully understood. Here, we investigated this question. By membrane dye staining, we found that the numbers of MNTs between human MSCs (hMSCs) and distressed neonatal mouse CMs (NMCMs) increased gradually from 3 to 16 h and remained constant from 16 to 30 h, which were identified as active formation stage (the 1st stage, ≤16 h in coculture), and mature and stable stage (the 2nd stage, >16 h in coculture), respectively. In the 1st stage, more MNTs originated from hMSCs, whereas more MNTs originated from NMCMs in the 2nd stage. The formation of MNTs was affected when microtubules were disrupted by nocodazole in the 1st stage, but not in the 2nd stage. MNTs became shorter and thinner when microtubules were disrupted in the 2nd stage. Immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry showed that mitochondria in hMSCs were transported into distressed NMCMs, which was suppressed by nocodazole in the 2nd stage. Tunnel staining showed that hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis of NMCMs only in the 2nd stage could be rescued by direct, but not indirect, coculture with hMSCs. This rescue function was weakened when the mitochondrial functions of cocultured hMSCs were disrupted by EtBr or microtubules in cocultures were disrupted by nocodazole. All these results suggested that there are two stages for MNT formation, and microtubules played differential roles in the two stages: During the 1st stage, microtubules were required for MNT formation, whereas during the 2nd stage, microtubules were related to the morphological features of MNTs and played a key role in anti-apoptosis of MNTs by mitochondrial transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghui Zhang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disorders, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disorders, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Xin
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Sa Liu
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disorders, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, China.
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35
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Zhang J, Whitehead J, Liu Y, Yang Q, Leach JK, Liu GY. Direct Observation of Tunneling Nanotubes within Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:9920-9926. [PMID: 30350968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b07305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) play an important role in cell-cell communication. TNTs have been predominantly reported among cells in monolayer culture. Using various imaging modalities, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), this work reports the finding of TNTs between cells within human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) spheroids. TNTs visualized by SEM are consistent in size and geometry with those observed in cellular monolayer culture. LSCM imaging of living spheroids confirms the presence of F-actin filaments within the TNTs, which are known to maintain nanotube integrity. In addition, LSCM revealed the distribution of F-actin fibers across the entire spheroid body instead of being confined within individual cells. Intracellular material transport by TNTs was tested in MSC spheroids treated with cytochalasin D (CytoD), a known actin polymerization inhibitor for disrupting TNT formation. CytoD treatment decreased the transport of cytosolic material by at least four-fold compared to untreated spheroids. To the best of our knowledge, this work represents the first direct observation of TNTs within MSC spheroids. These findings offer new physical insight into cellular interactions within spheroids, providing structural information for increasing interests in spheroid-based cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - J Kent Leach
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , UC Davis Health , Sacramento , California 95817 , United States
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36
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Hafez P, Chowdhury SR, Jose S, Law JX, Ruszymah BHI, Mohd Ramzisham AR, Ng MH. Development of an In Vitro Cardiac Ischemic Model Using Primary Human Cardiomyocytes. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2018; 9:529-538. [PMID: 29948837 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-018-0368-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Developing experimental models to study ischemic heart disease is necessary for understanding of biological mechanisms to improve the therapeutic approaches for restoring cardiomyocytes function following injury. The aim of this study was to develop an in vitro hypoxic/re-oxygenation model of ischemia using primary human cardiomyocytes (HCM) and define subsequent cytotoxic effects. HCM were cultured in serum and glucose free medium in hypoxic condition with 1% O2 ranging from 30 min to 12 h. The optimal hypoxic exposure time was determined using Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1α (HIF-1α) as the hypoxic marker. Subsequently, the cells were moved to normoxic condition for 3, 6 and 9 h to replicate the re-oxygenation phase. Optimal period of hypoxic/re-oxygenation was determined based on 50% mitochondrial injury via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and cytotoxicity via lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. It was found that the number of cells expressing HIF-1α increased with hypoxic time and 3 h was sufficient to stimulate the expression of this marker in all the cells. Upon re-oxygenation, mitochondrial activity reduced significantly whereas the cytotoxicity increased significantly with time. Six hours of re-oxygenation was optimal to induce reversible cell injury. The injury became irreversible after 9 h as indicated by > 60% LDH leakage compared to the control group cultured in normal condition. Under optimized hypoxic reoxygenation experimental conditions, mesenchymal stem cells formed nanotube with ischemic HCM and facilitated transfer of mitochondria suggesting the feasibility of using this as a model system to study molecular mechanisms of myocardial injury and rescue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pezhman Hafez
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shiplu R Chowdhury
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shinsmon Jose
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Jia Xian Law
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - B H I Ruszymah
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rahman Mohd Ramzisham
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Min Hwei Ng
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Wang J, Li H, Yao Y, Zhao T, Chen YY, Shen YL, Wang LL, Zhu Y. Stem cell-derived mitochondria transplantation: a novel strategy and the challenges for the treatment of tissue injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:106. [PMID: 29653590 PMCID: PMC5899391 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0832-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage of mitochondria in the initial period of tissue injury aggravates the severity of injury. Restoration of mitochondria dysfunction and mitochondrial-based therapeutics represent a potentially effective therapeutic strategy. Recently, mitochondrial transfer from stem cells has been demonstrated to play a significant role in rescuing injured tissues. The possible mechanisms of mitochondria released from stem cells, the pathways of mitochondria transfer between the donor stem cells and recipient cells, and the internalization of mitochondria into recipient cells are discussed. Moreover, a novel strategy for tissue injury based on the concept of stem cell-derived mitochondrial transplantation is pointed out, and the advantages and challenges are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Heyangzi Li
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ying Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Tengfei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Ying-Ying Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yue-Liang Shen
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lin-Lin Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Yongjian Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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38
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Tang BL. The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) therapy – a perspective on cell biological mechanisms. Rev Neurosci 2017; 28:725-738. [DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2017-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractRecent clinical trials of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation have demonstrated procedural safety and clinical proof of principle with a modest indication of benefit in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). While replacement therapy remained unrealistic, the clinical efficacy of this therapeutic option could be potentially enhanced if we could better decipher the mechanisms underlying some of the beneficial effects of transplanted cells, and work toward augmenting or combining these in a strategic manner. Novel ways whereby MSCs could act in modifying disease progression should also be explored. In this review, I discuss the known, emerging and postulated mechanisms of action underlying effects that transplanted MSCs may exert to promote motor neuron survival and/or to encourage regeneration in ALS. I shall also speculate on how transplanted cells may alter the diseased environment so as to minimize non-neuron cell autonomous damages by immune cells and astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor Luen Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
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39
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Farahnak S, McGovern TK, Kim R, O'Sullivan M, Chen B, Lee M, Yoshie H, Wang A, Jang J, Al Heialy S, Lauzon AM, Martin JG. Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Is a Determinant of CD4 T Cell-Airway Smooth Muscle Cell Communication through Membrane Conduits. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:3086-3093. [PMID: 28924004 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Activated CD4 T cells connect to airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) in vitro via lymphocyte-derived membrane conduits (LMCs) structurally similar to membrane nanotubes with unknown intercellular signals triggering their formation. We examined the structure and function of CD4 T cell-derived LMCs, and we established a role for ASMC-derived basic fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2b) and FGF receptor (FGFR)1 in LMC formation. Blocking FGF2b's synthesis and FGFR1 function reduced LMC formation. Mitochondrial flux from ASMCs to T cells was partially FGF2b and FGFR1 dependent. LMC formation by CD4 T cells and mitochondrial transfer from ASMCs was increased in the presence of asthmatic ASMCs that expressed more mRNA for FGF2b compared with normal ASMCs. These observations identify ASMC-derived FGF2b as a factor needed for LMC formation by CD4 T cells, affecting intercellular communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soroor Farahnak
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada; and.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Toby K McGovern
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada; and
| | - Rachael Kim
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada; and
| | - Michael O'Sullivan
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada; and
| | - Brian Chen
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada; and
| | - Minhyoung Lee
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada; and
| | - Haruka Yoshie
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada; and
| | - Anna Wang
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada; and
| | - Joyce Jang
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada; and
| | - Saba Al Heialy
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada; and
| | - Anne-Marie Lauzon
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada; and.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - James G Martin
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada; and .,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
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40
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Nawaz M, Fatima F. Extracellular Vesicles, Tunneling Nanotubes, and Cellular Interplay: Synergies and Missing Links. Front Mol Biosci 2017; 4:50. [PMID: 28770210 PMCID: PMC5513920 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2017.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of intercellular communication seems to have been a highly conserved evolutionary process. Higher eukaryotes use several means of intercellular communication to address both the changing physiological demands of the body and to fight against diseases. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in understanding how cell-derived nanovesicles, known as extracellular vesicles (EVs), can function as normal paracrine mediators of intercellular communication, but can also elicit disease progression and may be used for innovative therapies. Over the last decade, a large body of evidence has accumulated to show that cells use cytoplasmic extensions comprising open-ended channels called tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) to connect cells at a long distance and facilitate the exchange of cytoplasmic material. TNTs are a different means of communication to classical gap junctions or cell fusions; since they are characterized by long distance bridging that transfers cytoplasmic organelles and intracellular vesicles between cells and represent the process of heteroplasmy. The role of EVs in cell communication is relatively well-understood, but how TNTs fit into this process is just emerging. The aim of this review is to describe the relationship between TNTs and EVs, and to discuss the synergies between these two crucial processes in the context of normal cellular cross-talk, physiological roles, modulation of immune responses, development of diseases, and their combinatory effects in tissue repair. At the present time this review appears to be the first summary of the implications of the overlapping roles of TNTs and EVs. We believe that a better appreciation of these parallel processes will improve our understanding on how these nanoscale conduits can be utilized as novel tools for targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgGothenburg, Sweden
| | - Farah Fatima
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
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Caicedo A, Aponte PM, Cabrera F, Hidalgo C, Khoury M. Artificial Mitochondria Transfer: Current Challenges, Advances, and Future Applications. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:7610414. [PMID: 28751917 PMCID: PMC5511681 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7610414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this review is to outline existing artificial mitochondria transfer techniques and to describe the future steps necessary to develop new therapeutic applications in medicine. Inspired by the symbiotic origin of mitochondria and by the cell's capacity to transfer these organelles to damaged neighbors, many researchers have developed procedures to artificially transfer mitochondria from one cell to another. The techniques currently in use today range from simple coincubations of isolated mitochondria and recipient cells to the use of physical approaches to induce integration. These methods mimic natural mitochondria transfer. In order to use mitochondrial transfer in medicine, we must answer key questions about how to replicate aspects of natural transport processes to improve current artificial transfer methods. Another priority is to determine the optimum quantity and cell/tissue source of the mitochondria in order to induce cell reprogramming or tissue repair, in both in vitro and in vivo applications. Additionally, it is important that the field explores how artificial mitochondria transfer techniques can be used to treat different diseases and how to navigate the ethical issues in such procedures. Without a doubt, mitochondria are more than mere cell power plants, as we continue to discover their potential to be used in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Caicedo
- Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), 170901 Quito, Ecuador
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Instituto de Microbiología, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), 170901 Quito, Ecuador
- Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Pedro M. Aponte
- Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), 170901 Quito, Ecuador
| | - Francisco Cabrera
- Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador
- Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), 170901 Quito, Ecuador
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), INSERM U1183, 2 Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Carmen Hidalgo
- Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maroun Khoury
- Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile
- Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile
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Malinovskaya NA, Komleva YK, Salmin VV, Morgun AV, Shuvaev AN, Panina YA, Boitsova EB, Salmina AB. Endothelial Progenitor Cells Physiology and Metabolic Plasticity in Brain Angiogenesis and Blood-Brain Barrier Modeling. Front Physiol 2016; 7:599. [PMID: 27990124 PMCID: PMC5130982 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is a considerable interest to the assessment of blood-brain barrier (BBB) development as a part of cerebral angiogenesis developmental program. Embryonic and adult angiogenesis in the brain is governed by the coordinated activity of endothelial progenitor cells, brain microvascular endothelial cells, and non-endothelial cells contributing to the establishment of the BBB (pericytes, astrocytes, neurons). Metabolic and functional plasticity of endothelial progenitor cells controls their timely recruitment, precise homing to the brain microvessels, and efficient support of brain angiogenesis. Deciphering endothelial progenitor cells physiology would provide novel engineering approaches to establish adequate microfluidically-supported BBB models and brain microphysiological systems for translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alla B. Salmina
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine & Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
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