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Bui NL, Hoang DA, Ho QA, Nguyen Thi TN, Singh V, Chu DT. Drug repurposing for metabolic disorders: Scientific, technological and economic issues. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2024; 207:321-336. [PMID: 38942542 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic disorders place a huge burden on both the physical health and financial well-being of the community. While the need for effective treatment of metabolic disorders remains urgent and the reality is that traditional drug development involves high costs and a very long time with many pre-clinical and clinical trials, the need for drug repurposing has emerged as a potential alternative. Scientific evidence has shown the anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects of old drugs, which were initially utilized for the treatment of inflammation, depression, infections, and even cancers. The drug library used modern technological methods to conduct drug screening. Computational molecular docking, genome-wide association studies, or omics data mining are advantageous and unavoidable methods for drug repurposing. Drug repurposing offers a promising avenue for economic efficiency in healthcare, especially for less common metabolic diseases, despite the need for rigorous research and validation. In this chapter, we aim to explore the scientific, technological, and economic issues surrounding drug repurposing for metabolic disorders. We hope to shed light on the potential of this approach and the challenges that need to be addressed to make it a viable option in the treatment of metabolic disorders, especially in the future fight against metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhat-Le Bui
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duc-Anh Hoang
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quang-Anh Ho
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thao-Nguyen Nguyen Thi
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Vijai Singh
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Indrashil University, Rajpur, Mehsana, India
| | - Dinh-Toi Chu
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Alade AA, Ahmed SA, Mujwar S, Kikiowo B, Akinnusi PA, Olubode SO, Olufemi OM, Ohilebo AA. Identification of levomenthol derivatives as potential dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: a comparative study with gliptins. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:4029-4047. [PMID: 37261796 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2217927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors are a potent therapeutic treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There is a family of compounds used as DPP4 inhibitors (DPP4Is) called gliptins. They bind tightly to DPP4 to form an inactive protein-ligand complex. However, there remains a need to identify novel DPP4Is that are more efficacious and safer due to the increasing prevalence of T2DM and the undesirable side effects of gliptins. To identify potential DPP4Is, we screened over 1800 novel compounds in a comparative study with gliptins. We performed dual-factor molecular docking to assess the binding affinity of the compounds to DPP4 and found four compounds with a higher binding affinity to DPP4 than currently used gliptins. The newly identified compounds interacted with the dyad glutamate (GLU205 and GLU206) and tyrosine (TYR662 and TYR666) residues in DPP4's active site. We performed molecular dynamics simulations to determine the stability of the protein-ligand complexes formed by the compounds and DPP4. Furthermore, we examined the toxicity and pharmacological profile of the compounds. The compounds are drug-like, easy to synthesize, and relatively less toxic than gliptins. Collectively, our results suggest that the novel compounds are potential DPP4Is and should be considered for further studies to develop novel antidiabetics.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adebowale A Alade
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Samad A Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Somdutt Mujwar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, Rajpura, India
| | | | | | - Samuel O Olubode
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Ondo, Nigeria
| | | | - Abass A Ohilebo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ambrose Ali University Ekpoma, Edo, Nigeria
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Kumar M, Rani I, Mujwar S, Narang R, Devgun M, Khokra SL. In-Silico Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Oxadiazole-Based Selective Cyclo-oxygenase-2 Inhibitors. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2023; 21:166-179. [PMID: 37318837 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2022.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of oxadiazole-based five-membered heterocyclic derivatives was designed and synthesized with the intent of exclusive cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition to acquire anti-inflammatory activity without the presence of gastric toxicity. Oxadiazole-based novel analogs were designed by using bioisosteric substitutions and were screened against the macromolecular target by using docking-based virtual screening to identify their potential inhibitors. These selective COX-2 inhibitors were further evaluated for their stability within the binding cavity of macromolecular complex by performing molecular dynamic simulation for 100 ns. Selected compounds were synthesized by using Naphthalene-2-yl-acetic acid as a starting material based on the fundamental structure of naphthalene. The naphthalene ring and methylene bridge of naphthalene-2-yl-acetic acid were retained in the rational molecular design by replacing the carboxyl group with biologically significant groups like 1,3,4-oxadiazoles, with the goal of obtaining a novel, superior, and relatively safe anti-inflammatory molecule with better efficacy and optimized pharmacokinetics. Anti-inflammatory as well as analgesic properties of the compounds were evaluated experimentally for their pharmacological efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Isha Rani
- Spurthy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Somdutt Mujwar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Rakesh Narang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Manish Devgun
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Sukhbir Lal Khokra
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
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Sharma V, Mujwar S, Sharma D, Das R, Kumar Mehta D, Shah K. Computational Design of Plant-Based Antistress Agents Targeting Nociceptin Receptor. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201038. [PMID: 36644820 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Stress is the body's reaction to the challenges it faces, and it produces a multitude of chemical molecules known as stressors as a result of these reactions. It's also a misalignment of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems causing changes in a variety of physiological reactions and perhaps leading to stress disorders. The reduction in neurotransmitter & neurohormonal hormones is mainly governed by the nociceptin receptor as G-protein coupled receptor and increased the level of reactive oxygen species. Various synthetic medicines that target nociceptin receptors were utilized to reduce the effects of stress but they come up with a variety of side effects. Because of the widespread utilization and renewed interest in medicinal herbal plants considered to be alternative antistress therapy. Our present work is an approach to decipher the molecular nature of novel herbal leads by targeting nociceptin receptor, under which herbal compounds were screened and validated through in-silico methods. Among screened leads, withanolide-B showed stable association in the active site of the nociceptin receptor as an antistress agent with no side effects. Furthermore, the selected lead was also evaluated for stability by molecular dynamic stimulation as well as for pharmacokinetics and toxicity profile. It has been concluded stable conformation of withanolide-B without presence of any major toxic effects. As a result, the in silico molecular docking technique is a highly successful method for selecting a prospective herbal lead molecule with respect to a specific target, and future research can pave the way for further exploration in the drug development field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Sharma
- M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University) Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India
| | - Somdutt Mujwar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Diksha Sharma
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, India
| | - Rina Das
- M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University) Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Mehta
- M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University) Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India
| | - Kamal Shah
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India
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Er-Rajy M, El Fadili M, Mujwar S, Zarougui S, Elhallaoui M. Design of novel anti-cancer drugs targeting TRKs inhibitors based 3D QSAR, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:11657-11670. [PMID: 36695085 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2170471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) enzymes are responsible for different types of tumors caused by neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase gene fusion and have been identified as an effective target for anticancer therapy. The study of the mechanism between polo-like kinase (PLKs) and pyrazol inhibitors was performed using 3D-QSAR modeling, molecular docking, and MD simulations in order to design high-activity inhibitors. The HQSAR (Q2 = 0.793, R2 = 0.917, R2ext = 0.961), CoMFA (Q2 = 0.582, R2 = 0.722, R2ext = 0.951), CoMSIA/SE (Q2 = 0.603, R2 = 0.801, R2ext = 0.849), and Topomer CoMFA (Q2 = 0.726, R2 = 0.992, R2ext = 0.717) showed good reliability and predictability. All models have been successfully tested by external validation, so all five established models are reliable. The analysis of the different contour maps of different models gives structural information to improve the inhibitory function. Molecular docking results show that the amino acids Met 592, GLU 590, LEU 657, VAL 524, and PHE 589 are the active sites of the tropomyosin receptor TRKs. The results obtained by MD showed that compound 19i could form a more stable complex protein (PDB id: 5KVT). Based on these results, we developed new compounds and their expected inhibitory activities. The results of physicochemical and ADME-Tox properties showed that the four proposed molecules are orally bioavailable, and they are not toxic in the Ames test. Thus, these results would provide modeling information that could help experimental researchers find TRK type I inhibitors more efficiently.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Er-Rajy
- LIMAS Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El Fadili
- LIMAS Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Somdutt Mujwar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Sara Zarougui
- LIMAS Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Menana Elhallaoui
- LIMAS Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
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Alternative Methods as Tools for Obesity Research: In Vitro and In Silico Approaches. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:life13010108. [PMID: 36676057 PMCID: PMC9860640 DOI: 10.3390/life13010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The study of adipogenesis is essential for understanding and treating obesity, a multifactorial problem related to body fat accumulation that leads to several life-threatening diseases, becoming one of the most critical public health problems worldwide. In this review, we propose to provide the highlights of the adipogenesis study based on in vitro differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). We list in silico methods, such as molecular docking for identification of molecular targets, and in vitro approaches, from 2D, more straightforward and applied for screening large libraries of substances, to more representative physiological models, such as 3D and bioprinting models. We also describe the development of physiological models based on microfluidic systems applied to investigate adipogenesis in vitro. We intend to identify the main alternative models for adipogenesis evaluation, contributing to the direction of preclinical research in obesity. Future directions indicate the association of in silico and in vitro techniques to bring a clear picture of alternative methods based on adipogenesis as a tool for obesity research.
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Fatima A, Ali A, Rajan R, Verma I, Muthu S, Siddiqui N, Garg P, Javed S. Experimental Spectroscopic, DFT, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Investigations on m-Phenylenediamine (Monomer and Trimer). Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2150655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aysha Fatima
- S.O.S in Chemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
| | - Akram Ali
- Department of Chemistry, CMP College, Allahabad, India
| | - Ramya Rajan
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Indresh Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - S. Muthu
- Department of Physics, Aringnar Anna Govt. Arts College, Cheyyar, India
| | - Nazia Siddiqui
- Department of Chemistry, Dayalbagh Educational Institute Agra, Agra, India
| | - Pankaj Garg
- Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura, India
| | - Saleem Javed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
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Kciuk M, Mujwar S, Rani I, Munjal K, Gielecińska A, Kontek R, Shah K. Computational Bioprospecting Guggulsterone against ADP Ribose Phosphatase of SARS-CoV-2. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238287. [PMID: 36500379 PMCID: PMC9739500 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The World Health Organization (WHO) classified the disease a as global public health hazard on 11 March 2020. Currently, there are no adequate measures to combat viral infections, including COVID-19, and the medication guidelines for the management of COVID-19 are dependent on previous findings from SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV research. Natural products have achieved widespread acceptance around the world as a means of enhancing healthcare and disease prevention. Plants are a potential source of antiviral factors such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenoids, and others. Some of these agents exhibit a broad spectrum of antiviral activity. This study aimed to screen herbal leads for possible inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 ADP Ribose Phosphatase enzyme (ARP). Guggulsterone was found to be highly stabilized within the active site of the viral ARP enzyme by molecular dynamic simulation with very little fluctuation throughout the simulation timeframe of 100 ns. Thus, guggulsterone can be further used to develop a safe and competent medication for evolving therapy against SARS-CoV-2 in post-preclinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Kciuk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Somdutt Mujwar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Isha Rani
- Spurthy College of Pharmacy, Marasur Gate, Bengaluru 562106, Karnataka, India
| | - Kavita Munjal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University) Mullana, Ambala 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Adrianna Gielecińska
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Renata Kontek
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Kamal Shah
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Shinu P, Sharma M, Gupta GL, Mujwar S, Kandeel M, Kumar M, Nair AB, Goyal M, Singh P, Attimarad M, Venugopala KN, Nagaraja S, Telsang M, Aldhubiab BE, Morsy MA. Computational Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Naproxen-Guaiacol Chimera for Gastro-Sparing Anti-Inflammatory Response by Selective COX2 Inhibition. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206905. [PMID: 36296501 PMCID: PMC9609004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The 4-allyl guaiacol is a natural phenolic molecule that has been widely studied for its antioxidant capacity against reactive-oxygen-species-mediated cellular damage. Therefore, we hypothesized that concomitant use of an antioxidant and NSAID may decrease the risk of gastrointestinal toxicity and make the therapy safer. To address the gastrointestinal toxicity of conventional NSAIDs, a new S-naproxen-4-allyl guaiacol chimera (MAS-1696) was computationally developed, chemically synthesized, and tested for anti-inflammatory effectiveness and gastrointestinal safety. The inhibitory potency of MAS-1696 tested against cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), 15-lipoxygenase-2 (15-LOX2), and lipoxygenase-5 (5-LOX) in vitro revealed a stronger inhibition of COX2. Furthermore, the MAS-1696 chimera increased the COX selectivity index by 23% as compared to the parent compound naproxen, implying higher efficacy and gastric safety. In vivo data showed that MAS-1696 was less likely to cause gastrointestinal harm than naproxen while also exerting anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects equivalent to or superior to naproxen. In conclusion, MAS-1696 is orally active, bio-labile, and crystalline, making it a medication that may be administered orally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pottathil Shinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (M.S.); Tel.: +966-551732794 (P.S.)
| | - Manu Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, National Forensic Sciences University Delhi Campus, New Delhi 110085, India
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (M.S.); Tel.: +966-551732794 (P.S.)
| | - Girdhari Lal Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS University, Shirpur 425405, India
| | - Somdutt Mujwar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manish Kumar
- M.M College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala 133201, India
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manoj Goyal
- Department of Anesthesia Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Jubail, Imam Abdul Rahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail 35816, Saudi Arabia
| | - Purna Singh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Saint James School of Medicine, The Valley 3872, Anguilla
| | - Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Sreeharsha Nagaraja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, India
| | - Mallikarjun Telsang
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar E. Aldhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
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DFT, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulation (MMGBSA) and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis of 5-Sulfosalicylic Acid. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Rani I, Goyal A, Sharma M. Computational Design of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Inhibitors. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2022; 20:317-337. [PMID: 36269231 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2022.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most sought-after therapeutic targets for treating human cancers is the phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PI3k is an integral part of the PI3K/protein kinase B signaling arcade. This pathway is frequently activated in malignancies. Drug resistance and dose-limiting adverse effects are currently associated challenges with the existing anticancer chemotherapy. Therefore, in this research, a series of pyrimidine derivatives were designed and evaluated against human PI3K by using molecular docking analysis. The docking results were further verified by molecular dynamic simulation, which analyzed the strength of the macromolecular complex with respect to time. Compounds IV and XIV were found to be the most potent inhibitors of the human PI3K receptor with a high degree of stability within the active site of the target receptor for a timeframe of 50 ns. Thus, both of these compounds could be important drug candidates for the development of PI3K inhibitors as a prospective anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Rani
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala, India
| | - Anju Goyal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - M Sharma
- Institute of Advanced Research (IAR), Gandhinagar, India
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Floresta G, Patamia V, Zagni C, Rescifina A. Adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) inhibitors. An update from 2017 to early 2022. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 240:114604. [PMID: 35849941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is a protein predominantly expressed in macrophages and adipose tissue, where it regulates fatty acids storage and lipolysis and is an essential mediator of inflammation. Small molecule inhibitors of FABP4 have attracted interest following the recent publications of beneficial pharmacological effects of these compounds for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and, more recently, for other pathologies. Since the synthesis of the BMS309403, one of the first selective and effective FABP4 inhibitors, hundreds of other inhibitors have been synthesized (i.e., derivatives of niacin, quinoxaline, aryl-quinoline, bicyclic pyridine, urea, aromatic compounds and other novel heterocyclic compounds). This review updates the recently reported (2017 to early 2022) molecules as adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 4 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Floresta
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Patamia
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Zagni
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy.
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Tuberculosis and HIV responses threatened by nCOVID-19: A situation prompting an in silico investigation of reported MbtA inhibitors for combined inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-TB co-infection. Struct Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-022-02013-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Mujwar S, Tripathi A. Repurposing benzbromarone as antifolate to develop novel antifungal therapy for Candida albicans. J Mol Model 2022; 28:193. [PMID: 35716240 PMCID: PMC9206073 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05185-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Fungal infections in humans are responsible for mild to severe infections resulting in systemic effects that cause a large amount of mortality. Invasive fungal infections are having similar symptomatic effects to those of COVID-19. The COVID-19 patients are immunocompromised in nature and have a high probability of developing severe fungal infections, resulting in the development of further complications. The existing antifungal therapy has associated problems related to the development of drug resistance, being sub-potent in nature, and the presence of undesirable toxic effects. The fungal dihydrofolate reductase is an essential enzyme involved in the absorption of dietary folic acid and its conversion into tetrahydrofolate, which is a coenzyme required for the biosynthesis of the fungal nucleotides. Thus, in the current study, an attempt has been made to identify potential folate inhibitors of Candida albicans by a computational drug repurposing approach. Based upon the molecular docking simulation-based virtual screening followed by the molecular dynamic simulation of the macromolecular complex, benzbromarone has been identified as a potential anti-folate agent for the development of a novel therapy for the treatment of candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somdutt Mujwar
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana-133207 Haryana, India.
| | - Avanish Tripathi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Preparation of Novel Pyrazolo[4,3- e]tetrazolo[1,5- b][1,2,4]triazine Sulfonamides and Their Experimental and Computational Biological Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115892. [PMID: 35682571 PMCID: PMC9180621 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyrazolo[4,3-e]tetrazolo[1,5-b][1,2,4]triazine sulfonamides constitute a novel class of heterocyclic compounds with broad biological activity, including anticancer properties. Investigated in this study, MM-compounds (MM134, MM136, MM137, and MM139) exhibited cytotoxic and proapoptotic activity against cancer cell lines (BxPC-3, PC-3, and HCT-116) in nanomolar concentrations without causing cytotoxicity in normal cells (L929 and WI38). In silico predictions indicate that tested compounds exhibit favorable pharmacokinetic profiles and may exert anticancer activity through the inhibition of BTK kinase, the AKT-mTOR pathway and PD1-PD-L1 interaction. Our findings point out that these sulfonamide derivatives may constitute a source of new anticancer drugs after optimization.
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Dwivedi M, Mukhopadhyay S, Yadav S, Dubey KD. A multidrug efflux protein in Mycobacterium tuberculosis; tap as a potential drug target for drug repurposing. Comput Biol Med 2022; 146:105607. [PMID: 35617724 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious communicative disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Although there are vaccines and drugs available to treat the disease, they are not efficient, moreover, multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) become a major hurdle in its therapy. These MDR strains utilize the multidrug efflux pump as a decisive weapon to fight against antitubercular drugs. Tap membrane protein was observed as a crucial multidrug efflux pump in M. tuberculosis and its critical implication in MDR-MTB development makes it an effective drug target. In the present study, we have utilized various in silico approaches to predict the applicability of FDA-approved ion channel inhibitors and blockers as therapeutic leads against Tuberculosis by targeting multidrug efflux protein; Tap in MTB. Tap protein structure is predicted by Phyre2 server followed by model refinement, validation, physio-chemical catheterization and target prediction. Further, the interaction between Tap protein and ligands were analysed by molecular docking and MD simulation run of 100 ns. Based on implication and compatibility, 18 FDA-approved ion channel inhibitors and blockers are selected as a ligand against the Tap protein and eventually observed five ligands; Glimepiride, Flecainide, Flupiritine, Nimodipine and Amlodipine as promising compounds which have exhibited the significant stable interaction with Tap protein and are proposed to modulate or interfere with its activity. These compounds illustrated the substantial docking score and total binding enthalpy more than -7 kcal/mol and -42 kcal/mol respectively which implies that the selected FDA-approved compounds can spontaneously interact with the Tap protein to modulate its function. This study proposed Tap protein as a prominent drug target in MTB and investigated compounds that show considerable interaction with the Tap protein as potential therapeutic molecules. These interactions may lead to modulating or inhibit the activity of drug efflux protein thereby making MTB susceptible to antitubercular drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Dwivedi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, 226028, India.
| | - Sutanu Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, West Bengal, India
| | - Shalini Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Shiv Nadar University, Greater Noida, 201314, India
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Mujwar S, Harwansh RK. In silico bioprospecting of taraxerol as a main protease inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 to develop therapy against COVID-19. Struct Chem 2022; 33:1517-1528. [PMID: 35502321 PMCID: PMC9046011 DOI: 10.1007/s11224-022-01943-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 was caused by a novel coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2. The COVID-19 disease outbreak has been avowed as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization at the end of March 2020. It leads to the global economic crash, resulting in the starvation of a large population belonging to economically backward countries. Hence, the development of an alternative medicine along with the vaccine is of the utmost importance for the management of COVID-19. Therefore, screening of several herbal leads was performed to explore their potential against SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, viral main protease was selected as a key enzyme for performing the study. Various computational approaches, including molecular docking simulation, were used in the current study to find potential inhibitors of viral main protease from a library of 150 herbal leads. Toxicity and ADME prediction of selected molecules were also analysed by Osiris molecular property explorer software. Molecular dynamic simulation of the top 10 docked herbal leads was analysed for stability using 100 ns. Taraxerol (−10.17 kcal/mol), diosgenin (10.12 kcal/mol), amyrin (−9.56 kcal/mol), and asiaticoside (−9.54 kcal/mol) were among the top four herbal leads with the highest binding affinity with the main protease enzyme. Thus, taraxerol was found to be an effective drug candidate against the main protease enzyme for the management of COVID-19. Furthermore, its clinical effect and safety profile need to be established through an in vivo model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somdutt Mujwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University) Mullana, Ambala, Haryana 133207 India
| | - Ranjit K. Harwansh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Uttar Pradesh, Mathura, 281406 India
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Mujwar S. Computational bioprospecting of andrographolide derivatives as potent cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. BIOMEDICAL AND BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH JOURNAL (BBRJ) 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_56_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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