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Bacon JM, Jones JL, Liu GS, Dickinson JL, Raspin K. Mitochondrial ribosomal proteins in metastasis and their potential use as prognostic and therapeutic targets. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024:10.1007/s10555-024-10216-4. [PMID: 39354291 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10216-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
The mitochondrion is an essential cell organelle known as the powerhouse of the cell. Mitochondrial ribosomal proteins (MRPs) are nuclear encoded, synthesised in the cytoplasm but perform their main functions in the mitochondria, which includes translation, transcription, cell death and maintenance. However, MRPs have also been implicated in cancer, particularly advanced disease and metastasis across a broad range of cancer types, where they play a central role in cell survival and progression. For some, their altered expression has been investigated as potential prognostic markers, and/or therapeutic targets, which is the focus of this review. Several therapies targeting MRPs are currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency for use in other diseases, revealing the opportunity for repurposing their use in advanced and metastatic cancer. Herein, we review the evidence supporting key MRPs as molecular drivers of advanced disease in multiple cancer types. We also highlight promising avenues for future use of MRPs as precision targets in the treatment of late-stage cancers for which there are currently very limited effective treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine M Bacon
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Johanna L Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Guei-Sheung Liu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne L Dickinson
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Kelsie Raspin
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
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Belužić R, Šimunić E, Podgorski II, Pinterić M, Hadžija MP, Balog T, Sobočanec S. Gene Expression Profiling Reveals Fundamental Sex-Specific Differences in SIRT3-Mediated Redox and Metabolic Signaling in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3868. [PMID: 38612678 PMCID: PMC11012119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirt-3 is an important regulator of mitochondrial function and cellular energy homeostasis, whose function is associated with aging and various pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. Many of these conditions show differences in incidence, onset, and progression between the sexes. In search of hormone-independent, sex-specific roles of Sirt-3, we performed mRNA sequencing in male and female Sirt-3 WT and KO mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). The aim of this study was to investigate the sex-specific cellular responses to the loss of Sirt-3. By comparing WT and KO MEF of both sexes, the differences in global gene expression patterns as well as in metabolic and stress responses associated with the loss of Sirt-3 have been elucidated. Significant differences in the activities of basal metabolic pathways were found both between genotypes and between sexes. In-depth pathway analysis of metabolic pathways revealed several important sex-specific phenomena. Male cells mount an adaptive Hif-1a response, shifting their metabolism toward glycolysis and energy production from fatty acids. Furthermore, the loss of Sirt-3 in male MEFs leads to mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Since Sirt-3 knock-out is permanent, male cells are forced to function in a state of persistent oxidative and metabolic stress. Female MEFs are able to at least partially compensate for the loss of Sirt-3 by a higher expression of antioxidant enzymes. The activation of neither Hif-1a, mitochondrial stress response, nor oxidative stress response was observed in female cells lacking Sirt-3. These findings emphasize the sex-specific role of Sirt-3, which should be considered in future research.
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Wang H, Li J, Tu W, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Chang L, Wu Y, Zhang X. Identification of Blood Biomarkers Related to Energy Metabolism and Construction of Diagnostic Prediction Model Based on Three Independent Alzheimer's Disease Cohorts. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 100:1261-1287. [PMID: 39093073 PMCID: PMC11380308 DOI: 10.3233/jad-240301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Blood biomarkers are crucial for the diagnosis and therapy of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Energy metabolism disturbances are closely related to AD. However, research on blood biomarkers related to energy metabolism is still insufficient. Objective This study aims to explore the diagnostic and therapeutic significance of energy metabolism-related genes in AD. Methods AD cohorts were obtained from GEO database and single center. Machine learning algorithms were used to identify key genes. GSEA was used for functional analysis. Six algorithms were utilized to establish and evaluate diagnostic models. Key gene-related drugs were screened through network pharmacology. Results We identified 4 energy metabolism genes, NDUFA1, MECOM, RPL26, and RPS27. These genes have been confirmed to be closely related to multiple energy metabolic pathways and different types of T cell immune infiltration. Additionally, the transcription factors INSM2 and 4 lncRNAs were involved in regulating 4 genes. Further analysis showed that all biomarkers were downregulated in the AD cohorts and not affected by aging and gender. More importantly, we constructed a diagnostic prediction model of 4 biomarkers, which has been validated by various algorithms for its diagnostic performance. Furthermore, we found that valproic acid mainly interacted with these biomarkers through hydrogen bonding, salt bonding, and hydrophobic interaction. Conclusions We constructed a predictive model based on 4 energy metabolism genes, which may be helpful for the diagnosis of AD. The 4 validated genes could serve as promising blood biomarkers for AD. Their interaction with valproic acid may play a crucial role in the therapy of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqi Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jilai Li
- Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqun Wang
- Department of Radiology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lirong Chang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Xu M, Wang Y, Wan Q, Chen M, Guo S. RNA-seq analysis revealed the pathogenicity of Vibrio vulnificus to American eel (Anguilla rostrata) and the strategy of host anti-V. vulnificus infection. Microb Pathog 2024; 186:106498. [PMID: 38097116 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio vulnificus is a commonly pathogenic bacterium in cultivated eels, but its pathogenicity to American eel (Anguilla rostrata) and the molecular mechanism of host anti-V. vulnificus infection remains uncertain. In this study, American eels were infected with different dose of V. vulnificus to determine the LD50. Then, bacterial load in the liver and kidney histopathology were assessed post the LD50 of V. vulnificus infection. Additionally, gene expressions of 18 immune related genes in the liver, spleen and kidney were detected. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing and enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed in the eel spleens between pre-infection (Con_0), post-36 h (Vv_36), and post-60 h (Vv_60) infection. The results showed that LD50 of V. vulnificus to American eels was determined to be 5.0 × 105 cfu/g body weight, and the bacterial load peaked at 24 and 12 h post the infection (hpi) in the kidney and liver, respectively. The histopathology was highlighted by necrotic hepatocytes and splenic cells, congestion blood vessels in liver and spleen, atrophied glomeruli and vacuolization of renal tubular epithelial cells. The results of RT-PCR revealed that 18 host immune-related genes showed significantly up or downregulated expression post-infection compare to that of pre-infection. Finally, results of the RNA-seq revealed 16 DEGs play essential role to the immunosuppression in American eels, and the protein-protein interactions shed light on the widespread upregulation GEGs related to metabolism and immune response maintained the host cell homeostasis post the V. vulnificus infection, shedding new light on our understanding of the V. vulnificus pathogenesis towards understudied American eel and the host anti-V. vulnificus infection strategies in gene transcript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Fisheries College of Jimei University/Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Fisheries College of Jimei University/Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, China
| | - Qijuan Wan
- Fisheries College of Jimei University/Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, China
| | - Minxia Chen
- Fisheries College of Jimei University/Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, China
| | - Songlin Guo
- Fisheries College of Jimei University/Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, China.
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Zhao C, Chen L, Jin Z, Liu H, Ma C, Zhou H, Xu L, Zhou S, Shi Y, Li W, Chen Y, Dou C, Wang X. Knockdown of MRPL35 promotes cell apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation in non-small-cell lung cancer. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:507. [PMID: 38093266 PMCID: PMC10720070 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02677-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major pathological type of lung cancer. However, its pathogenesis remains largely unclear. MRPL35 is a regulatory subunit of the mitoribosome, which can regulate the assembly of cytochrome c oxidases and plays an important role in the occurrence of NSCLC. METHODS The expression of MRPL35 in NSCLC was detected by tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry. H1299 cells were infected with lentivirus to knockdown MRPL35, and the cells were subjected to crystal violet staining to assess the results of colony formation assays. A549 cells were infected by lentiviral particles-expressing shMRPL35 or shControl, and then subcutaneously injected into nude mice. Tumorigenesis in mice was detected by in vivo imaging. The potential pathway of MRPL35 in NSCLC was assessed by Western blotting. RESULTS MRPL35 was over-expressed in NSCLC tissue compared to para-cancerous and normal tissues. Knockdown of MRPL35 suppressed cell proliferation and decreased NSCLC progression both in vitro and in vivo. The possible molecular mechanisms were also clarified, which indicated that MRPL35 could be involved in cell apoptosis and proliferation by modulating the expression levels of CDK1, BIRC5, CHEK1, STMN1 and MCM2. Knockdown of MRPL35 activated p53 signaling pathway and inhibited cell cycle regulation. CONCLUSIONS The oncogenic role of MRPL35 in NSCLC was potentially mediated through the cell cycle regulatory genes such as BIRC5, STMN1, CDK1, CHEK1 and MCM2, as well as activation of P53 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengling Zhao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease (Tumor) in Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease (Tumor) in Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Zhixin Jin
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease (Tumor) in Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease (Tumor) in Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease (Tumor) in Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Hangtian Zhou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China
- Molecular Diagnosis Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Lingling Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease (Tumor) in Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Sihui Zhou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China
- Molecular Diagnosis Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China
- Molecular Diagnosis Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Wei Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease (Tumor) in Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease (Tumor) in Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Chengli Dou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease (Tumor) in Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233004, China.
- Molecular Diagnosis Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China.
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease (Tumor) in Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233004, China.
- Molecular Diagnosis Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, China.
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The Drp1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fission Protein Interactome as an Emerging Core Player in Mitochondrial Dynamics and Cardiovascular Disease Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065785. [PMID: 36982862 PMCID: PMC10057413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, the membrane-bound cell organelles that supply most of the energy needed for cell function, are highly regulated, dynamic organelles bearing the ability to alter both form and functionality rapidly to maintain normal physiological events and challenge stress to the cell. This amazingly vibrant movement and distribution of mitochondria within cells is controlled by the highly coordinated interplay between mitochondrial dynamic processes and fission and fusion events, as well as mitochondrial quality-control processes, mainly mitochondrial autophagy (also known as mitophagy). Fusion connects and unites neighboring depolarized mitochondria to derive a healthy and distinct mitochondrion. In contrast, fission segregates damaged mitochondria from intact and healthy counterparts and is followed by selective clearance of the damaged mitochondria via mitochondrial specific autophagy, i.e., mitophagy. Hence, the mitochondrial processes encompass all coordinated events of fusion, fission, mitophagy, and biogenesis for sustaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Accumulated evidence strongly suggests that mitochondrial impairment has already emerged as a core player in the pathogenesis, progression, and development of various human diseases, including cardiovascular ailments, the leading causes of death globally, which take an estimated 17.9 million lives each year. The crucial factor governing the fission process is the recruitment of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), a GTPase that regulates mitochondrial fission, from the cytosol to the outer mitochondrial membrane in a guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-dependent manner, where it is oligomerized and self-assembles into spiral structures. In this review, we first aim to describe the structural elements, functionality, and regulatory mechanisms of the key mitochondrial fission protein, Drp1, and other mitochondrial fission adaptor proteins, including mitochondrial fission 1 (Fis1), mitochondrial fission factor (Mff), mitochondrial dynamics 49 (Mid49), and mitochondrial dynamics 51 (Mid51). The core area of the review focuses on the recent advances in understanding the role of the Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission adaptor protein interactome to unravel the missing links of mitochondrial fission events. Lastly, we discuss the promising mitochondria-targeted therapeutic approaches that involve fission, as well as current evidence on Drp1-mediated fission protein interactions and their critical roles in the pathogeneses of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
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Proteomic and Bioinformatic Tools to Identify Potential Hub Proteins in the Audiogenic Seizure-Prone Hamster GASH/Sal. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13061048. [PMID: 36980356 PMCID: PMC10047193 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13061048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The GASH/Sal (Genetic Audiogenic Seizure Hamster, Salamanca) is a model of audiogenic seizures with the epileptogenic focus localized in the inferior colliculus (IC). The sound-induced seizures exhibit a short latency (7–9 s), which implies innate protein disturbances in the IC as a basis for seizure susceptibility and generation. Here, we aim to study the protein profile in the GASH/Sal IC in comparison to controls. Protein samples from the IC were processed for enzymatic digestion and then analyzed by mass spectrometry in Data-Independent Acquisition mode. After identifying the proteins using the UniProt database, we selected those with differential expression and performed ontological analyses, as well as gene-protein interaction studies using bioinformatics tools. We identified 5254 proteins; among them, 184 were differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), with 126 upregulated and 58 downregulated proteins, and 10 of the DEPs directly related to epilepsy. Moreover, 12 and 7 proteins were uniquely found in the GASH/Sal or the control. The results indicated a protein profile alteration in the epileptogenic nucleus that might underlie the inborn occurring audiogenic seizures in the GASH/Sal model. In summary, this study supports the use of bioinformatics methods in proteomics to delve into the relationship between molecular-level protein mechanisms and the pathobiology of rodent models of audiogenic seizures.
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Xie C, Hu J, Hu Q, Jiang L, Chen W. Classification of the mitochondrial ribosomal protein-associated molecular subtypes and identified a serological diagnostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Surg 2023; 9:1062659. [PMID: 36684217 PMCID: PMC9853988 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.1062659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The objective of this study was to sort out innovative molecular subtypes associated with mitochondrial ribosomal proteins (MRPs) to predict clinical therapy response and determine the presence of circulating markers in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Methods Using an unsupervised clustering method, we categorized the relative molecular subtypes of MRPs in HCC patients. The prognosis, biological properties, immune checkpoint inhibitor and chemotherapy response of the patients were clarified. A signature and nomogram were developed to evaluate the prognosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measured serum mitochondrial ribosomal protein L9 (MRPL9) levels in liver disease patients and normal individuals. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were conducted to calculate the diagnostic effect. The Cell Counting Kit 8 was carried out to examine cell proliferation, and flow cytometry was used to investigate the cell cycle. Transwell assay was applied to investigate the potential of cell migration and invasion. Western blot detected corresponding changes of biological markers. Results Participants were classified into two subtypes according to MRPs expression levels, which were characterized by different prognoses, biological features, and marked differences in response to chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Serum MRPL9 was significantly higher in HCC patients than in normal individuals and the benign liver disease group. ROC curve analysis showed that MRPL9 was superior to AFP and Ferritin in differentiating HCC from healthy and benign patients, or alone. Overexpressed MRPL9 could enhance aggressiveness and facilitate the G1/S progression in HCC cells. Conclusion We constructed novel molecular subtypes based on MRPs expression in HCC patients, which provided valuable strategies for the prediction of prognosis and clinical personalized treatment. MRPL9 might act as a reliable circulating diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Weixian Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Cheng J, Sha Z, Zhang R, Ge J, Chen P, Kuang X, Chang J, Ren K, Luo X, Chen S, Gou X. L22 ribosomal protein is involved in dynamin-related protein 1-mediated gastric carcinoma progression. Bioengineered 2022; 13:6650-6664. [PMID: 35230214 PMCID: PMC9208493 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2045842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial fission depends on dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) guanosine triphosphatase activity. Although there is some association between Drp1 and gastric cancer, the detailed mechanism remains largely unknown. In this study, the elevation of Drp1 was observed in human gastric carcinoma specimens including gastric mixed adenocarcinoma tissues, gastric intestinal-type adenocarcinoma tissues, and human gastric cancer cells compared to normal control, but not in diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma tissues. Gastric cancer patients with high Drp1 harbored advanced pathological stages and poor progression-free survival probability compared to those with low Drp1. Mdivi-1-mediated inactivation of Drp1 robustly inhibited cell viability and tumor growth but conversely induced cell apoptotic events in vitro and in vivo. Based on the Encyclopedia of RNA Interactomes Starbase, L22 ribosomal protein (RPL22) was recognized as the potential downstream oncogene of Drp1. Clinically, the significant correlation of Drp1 and RPL22 was also verified. Mechanistically, Drp1 inactivation did not affect the accumulation of RPL22 in gastric carcinoma. However, the intracellular distribution of RPL22 had an endonuclear location in Drp1-inactivated tumors. Of note, Drp1 inactivation notably reduced the expression of cytoplasmic RPL22 and increased its nuclear level in gastric cancer cells. Collectively, Drp1 had high levels in human gastric carcinoma specimens and could serve as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in gastric carcinoma. The Drp1 inactivation-mediated anti-proliferative and pro-apoptosis effects on gastric cancer were possibly associated with nuclear import of RPL22. This knowledge may provide new therapeutic tools for treating gastric carcinoma via targeting mitochondria-related ribosome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Cheng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical UniversityChina , Xi'an, China
| | - Zizhuo Sha
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical UniversityChina , Xi'an, China
| | - Ruisan Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical UniversityChina , Xi'an, China
| | - Jinghao Ge
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical UniversityChina , Xi'an, China
| | - Xuefeng Kuang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiazhi Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Kai Ren
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical UniversityChina , Xi'an, China
| | - Xianyang Luo
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiamen, China
| | - Xingchun Gou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical UniversityChina , Xi'an, China.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Wang C, Wang Y, Shen L. Mitochondrial proteins in heart failure: The role of deacetylation by SIRT3. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105802. [PMID: 34363948 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is still the leading cause of death worldwide, occurring with a variety of complex mechanisms. However, most intervention for HF do not directly target the pathological mechanisms underlying cell damage in failing cardiomyocytes. Mitochondria are involved in many physiological processes, which is an important guarantee for normal heart function. Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered to be the critical node of the development of HF. Strict modulation of the mitochondrial function can ameliorate the myocardial injury and protect cardiac function. Acetylation plays an important role in mitochondrial protein homeostasis, and SIRT3, the most important deacetylation protein in mitochondria, is involved in the maintenance of mitochondrial function. SIRT3 can delay the progression of HF by improving mitochondrial function. Herein we summarize the interaction between SIRT3 and proteins related to mitochondrial function including oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), fatty acid oxidation (FAO), mitochondrial biosynthesis, mitochondrial quality control. In addition, we also sum up the effects of this interaction on HF and the research progress of treatments targeting SIRT3, so as to find potential HF therapeutic for clinical use in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfang Wang
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renming Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China.
| | - Yating Wang
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renming Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China.
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renming Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China.
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Ribosome Biogenesis and Cancer: Overview on Ribosomal Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115496. [PMID: 34071057 PMCID: PMC8197113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytosolic ribosomes (cytoribosomes) are macromolecular ribonucleoprotein complexes that are assembled from ribosomal RNA and ribosomal proteins, which are essential for protein biosynthesis. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) perform translation of the proteins essential for the oxidative phosphorylation system. The biogenesis of cytoribosomes and mitoribosomes includes ribosomal RNA processing, modification and binding to ribosomal proteins and is assisted by numerous biogenesis factors. This is a major energy-consuming process in the cell and, therefore, is highly coordinated and sensitive to several cellular stressors. In mitochondria, the regulation of mitoribosome biogenesis is essential for cellular respiration, a process linked to cell growth and proliferation. This review briefly overviews the key stages of cytosolic and mitochondrial ribosome biogenesis; summarizes the main steps of ribosome biogenesis alterations occurring during tumorigenesis, highlighting the changes in the expression level of cytosolic ribosomal proteins (CRPs) and mitochondrial ribosomal proteins (MRPs) in different types of tumors; focuses on the currently available information regarding the extra-ribosomal functions of CRPs and MRPs correlated to cancer; and discusses the role of CRPs and MRPs as biomarkers and/or molecular targets in cancer treatment.
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Gonçalves AM, Pereira-Santos AR, Esteves AR, Cardoso SM, Empadinhas N. The Mitochondrial Ribosome: A World of Opportunities for Mitochondrial Dysfunction Toward Parkinson's Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:694-711. [PMID: 32098485 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) are organelles that translate mitochondrial messenger RNA in the matrix and, in mammals, have evolved to translate 13 polypeptides of the pathway that performs oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Although a number of devastating diseases result from defects in this mitochondrial translation apparatus, most are associated with genetic mutations and little is known about allelopathic defects caused by antibiotics, toxins, or nonproteinogenic amino acids. Recent Advances: The levels of mitochondrial ribosomal subunits 12S and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in cells/tissues from patients carrying mutations in these genes have been associated with alterations in mitochondrial translation efficiency and with impaired OXPHOS activities, as well as with the severity of clinical phenotypes. In recent decades, important studies revealed a prominent role of mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD); however, the involvement of mitoribosomes remains largely unknown. Critical Issues: Considering that mitoribosomal structure and function can determine the efficiency of OXPHOS and that an impaired mitochondrial respiratory chain is a common finding in PD, we argue that the mitoribosome may be key to disease onset and progression. With this review, we comprehensively integrate the available knowledge on the composition, assembly, and role of the mitoribosome in mitochondrial efficiency, reflecting on its possible involvement in the etiopathogenesis of this epidemic disease as an appealing research avenue. Future Directions: If a direct correlation between mitoribosome failure and PD pathology is demonstrated, these mitochondrial organelles will provide valuable early clinical markers and potentially attractive targets for the development of innovative PD-directed therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Mafalda Gonçalves
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Raquel Pereira-Santos
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Raquel Esteves
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra M Cardoso
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno Empadinhas
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,IIIUC-Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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13
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Abnormal Expression of Mitochondrial Ribosomal Proteins and Their Encoding Genes with Cell Apoptosis and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228879. [PMID: 33238645 PMCID: PMC7700125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomes translate 13 proteins encoded by mitochondrial genes, all of which play roles in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. After a long period of reconstruction, mitochondrial ribosomes are the most protein-rich ribosomes. Mitochondrial ribosomal proteins (MRPs) are encoded by nuclear genes, synthesized in the cytoplasm and then, transported to the mitochondria to be assembled into mitochondrial ribosomes. MRPs not only play a role in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Moreover, they participate in the regulation of cell state as apoptosis inducing factors. Abnormal expressions of MRPs will lead to mitochondrial metabolism disorder, cell dysfunction, etc. Many researches have demonstrated the abnormal expression of MRPs in various tumors. This paper reviews the basic structure of mitochondrial ribosome, focuses on the structure and function of MRPs, and their relationships with cell apoptosis and diseases. It provides a reference for the study of the function of MRPs and the disease diagnosis and treatment.
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Wang S, Wang R, Li GQ, Cho JL, Deng Y, Li Y. Myosin light chain kinase mediates intestinal barrier dysfunction following simulated microgravity based on proteomic strategy. J Proteomics 2020; 231:104001. [PMID: 33035716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.104001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Microgravity induces injury of intestinal barrier. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the pathological change of intestinal mucosa induced by long term simulated microgravity and to explore its etiological mechanism using a proteomic approach. The well accepted tail-suspended rat model was used to simulate microgravity. The damage of rat small intestine was evaluated via histological and molecular test, and a label-free comparative proteomic strategy was used to determine the molecular mechanism. Simulated microgravity for 21 days damaged intestine barrier with decreased numbers of the goblet cells, large intercellular space, and down-regulated adhesion molecules, accompanied by increased intestinal permeability. Proteomic analysis identified 416 differentially expressed proteins and showed simulated microgravity dramatically down-regulated the adhesion molecules and deteriorated several pathways for metabolism, focal adhesion, and regulation of actin cytoskeleton. Western-blot analysis confirmed that myosin regulatory light chain (MLC) 12B was significantly down-regulated, while rho-associated protein kinase, myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), and phosphorylated MLC were dramatically up-regulated. Taken together, these data reveal that down-regulation of adhesion molecules and MLCK dependent up-regulation MLC phosphorylation mediate intestinal barrier dysfunction during simulated microgravity injury. Our results also indicate that regulation of epithelial MLCK is a potential target for the therapeutic treatment of microgravity injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibo Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No.5 Zhongguangcun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No.5 Zhongguangcun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - George Q Li
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Jun-Lae Cho
- Centre for Advanced Food Enginomics, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Yulin Deng
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No.5 Zhongguangcun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yujuan Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No.5 Zhongguangcun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China.
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15
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Li H, Jiang H, Rong R, Jiang J, Ji D, Song W, Xia X. Identification of GJA3 p.S50P Mutation in a Chinese Family with Autosomal Dominant Congenital Cataract and Its Underlying Pathogenesis. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:1760-1766. [PMID: 32808810 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.5605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital cataract refers to a lens opacity caused by multiple etiological factors, including genetic mutation, abnormal metabolism of the lens, and infection. Currently, there are >100 known disease-causing genes as well as 60 known mutations in the Cx46 gene (Gap junction alpha-3, GJA3) associated with congenital cataracts. Dysfunction of gap junctions impairs homeostasis in lens cells, thereby inducing cataract pathogenesis. This study aims to identify the disease-causing mutation in a family with congenital cataract, and to further explore the possible pathogenic mechanism resulting from this mutation. We identified that a recurrent heterozygous missense mutation c.T148C (p.S50P) in GJA3 was the pathogenic mutation in this family. Previously, this mutation was found in a British family causing bilateral congenital cataract. We further demonstrated that CX46 wild type (WT) was coupled through functional gap junctions in HeLa cells, while mutant Cx46 S50P lost this ability. Moreover, the half-life of Cx46 S50P was longer than that of Cx46 WT, Cx46 S50P protein was also localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and induced more reactive oxygen species compared to Cx46 WT, which may lead to dysregulation of Cx46-formed gap junction. Collectively, our study defines the genetics basis of a congenital cataract family as well as the cellular mechanisms of mutant Cx46 S50P, and provides useful information for further studies of the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategy for treating congenital cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Li
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haibo Jiang
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Rong
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Ji
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weitao Song
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
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16
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Gong L, Yu L, Gong X, Wang C, Hu N, Dai X, Peng C, Li Y. Exploration of anti-inflammatory mechanism of forsythiaside A and forsythiaside B in CuSO 4-induced inflammation in zebrafish by metabolomic and proteomic analyses. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:173. [PMID: 32493433 PMCID: PMC7271515 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01855-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is a general pathological phenomenon during severe disturbances to the homeostasis. Forsythiaside A (FA) and forsythiaside B (FB), isolated from the dried fruit of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, are phenylethanoid compounds that show a significant anti-inflammatory effect. However, the properties and therapeutic mechanisms of this effect have not yet been systematically elucidated. METHODS In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of FA and FB were investigated in CuSO4-induced inflammation in zebrafish larvae. Intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) was investigated using fluorescence probes. Metabolomic and proteomic analyses using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were carried out to identify the expressions of metabolites and proteins associated with the anti-inflammatory mechanism of FA and FB. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the progressive changes in gene expression. RESULTS FA and FB inhibited neutrophils migration to the damaged neuromasts and remarkably reduced CuSO4-induced ROS and NO generation in zebrafish larvae. Metabolomic analysis pointed to the involvement of nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, energy metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and purine metabolism. Proteomic analysis identified 146 differentially expressed proteins between the control and model groups. These included collagen [collagen type II alpha 1b precursor (col2a1b), collagen alpha-2(IX) chain precursor (col9a2), collagen type IX alpha I precursor (col9a1b)], nucleoside diphosphate kinase 3 isoform X1 (Nme3), WD repeat-containing protein 3 (Wdr3), and 28S ribosomal protein S7 mitochondrial precursor (Mrps7). FA and FB were shown to reverse the abnormal expressions of potential metabolite and protein biomarkers and alleviate CuSO4-induced damage to the neuromasts in the zebrafish lateral line. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that FA and FB possess remarkable anti-inflammatory properties, protecting against CuSO4-induced neuromasts damage in zebrafish larvae. The results also suggest a multi-component and multi-regulatory therapeutic mechanism for FA and FB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Linyuan Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xiaohong Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Naihua Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xuyang Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yunxia Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Drp1-dependent remodeling of mitochondrial morphology triggered by EBV-LMP1 increases cisplatin resistance. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:56. [PMID: 32433544 PMCID: PMC7237430 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0151-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) is a major Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-encoded oncoprotein involved in latency infection that regulates mitochondrial functions to facilitate cell survival. Recently, mitochondrial fission has been demonstrated as a crucial mechanism in oncovirus-mediated carcinogenesis. Mitochondrial dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-mediated mitochondrial fission has an impact on the chemoresistance of cancers. However, the mechanism by which oncogenic stress promotes mitochondrial fission, potentially contributing to tumorigenesis, is not entirely understood. The role of Drp1 in the oncogenesis and prognosis of EBV-LMP1-positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) was determined in our study. We show that EBV-LMP1 exhibits a new function in remodeling mitochondrial morphology by activating Drp1. A high level of p-Drp1 (Ser616) or a low level of p-Drp1 (Ser637) correlates with poor overall survival and disease-free survival. Furthermore, the protein level of p-Drp1 (Ser616) is related to the clinical stage (TNM stage) of NPC. Targeting Drp1 impairs mitochondrial function and induces cell death in LMP1-positive NPC cells. In addition, EBV-LMP1 regulates Drp1 through two oncogenic signaling axes, AMPK and cyclin B1/Cdk1, which promote cell survival and cisplatin resistance in NPC. Our findings provide novel insight into the role of EBV-LMP1-driven mitochondrial fission in regulating Drp1 phosphorylation at serine 616 and serine 637. Disruption of Drp1 could be a promising therapeutic strategy for LMP1-positive NPC.
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Qi W, Lu L, Huang S, Song R. Maize Dek44 Encodes Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein L9 and Is Required for Seed Development. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 180:2106-2119. [PMID: 31182559 PMCID: PMC6670089 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial respiration depends on proteins encoded by the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Many respiratory chain-related proteins are encoded by the mitochondrial genome and undergo translation by mitochondrial ribosomes. The newly identified maize (Zea mays) defective kernel44 (dek44) mutant produces small kernels showing embryo-lethal phenotypes. We cloned Dek44 by isolating the Mutator tag that produced the mutation and identified it as encoding a putative 50S ribosomal protein L9. Subcellular fractionation by ultracentrifugation confirmed that DEK44 is a mitochondrial ribosomal protein. DEK44 is highly conserved in monocots and only accumulates in kernels. Transcriptome and reverse transcription quantitative PCR analyses revealed that loss of DEK44 function affects the expression of genes encoding respiratory chain-related proteins from the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes. Blue native-PAGE revealed significantly reduced assembly of respiratory chain complexes in dek44 mutant kernels. Transmission electron microscopy indicated that the biogenesis and morphology of mitochondria were strongly affected in dek44 mutant kernels. Furthermore, DEK44 might regulate cell growth and kernel development via cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase-mediated activities. This study provides insight into the regulation of kernel development based on mitochondrial ribosomal protein function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Qi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Lei Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Shengchan Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Rentao Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Joint International Research Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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19
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Gregg T, Sdao SM, Dhillon RS, Rensvold JW, Lewandowski SL, Pagliarini DJ, Denu JM, Merrins MJ. Obesity-dependent CDK1 signaling stimulates mitochondrial respiration at complex I in pancreatic β-cells. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:4656-4666. [PMID: 30700550 PMCID: PMC6433064 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Cell mitochondria play a central role in coupling glucose metabolism with insulin secretion. Here, we identified a metabolic function of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1)/cyclin B1-the activation of mitochondrial respiratory complex I-that is active in quiescent adult β-cells and hyperactive in β-cells from obese (ob/ob) mice. In WT islets, respirometry revealed that 65% of complex I flux and 49% of state 3 respiration is sensitive to CDK1 inhibition. Islets from ob/ob mice expressed more cyclin B1 and exhibited a higher sensitivity to CDK1 blockade, which reduced complex I flux by 76% and state 3 respiration by 79%. The ensuing reduction in mitochondrial NADH utilization, measured with two-photon NAD(P)H fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM), was matched in the cytosol by a lag in citrate cycling, as shown with a FRET reporter targeted to β-cells. Moreover, time-resolved measurements revealed that in ob/ob islets, where complex I flux dominates respiration, CDK1 inhibition is sufficient to restrict the duty cycle of ATP/ADP and calcium oscillations, the parameter that dynamically encodes β-cell glucose sensing. Direct complex I inhibition with rotenone mimicked the restrictive effects of CDK1 inhibition on mitochondrial respiration, NADH turnover, ATP/ADP, and calcium influx. These findings identify complex I as a critical mediator of obesity-associated metabolic remodeling in β-cells and implicate CDK1 as a regulator of complex I that enhances β-cell glucose sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trillian Gregg
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and
| | - Sophia M Sdao
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and
| | - Rashpal S Dhillon
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
| | - Jarred W Rensvold
- Morgridge Institute for Research and Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, and
| | - Sophie L Lewandowski
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and
| | - David J Pagliarini
- Morgridge Institute for Research and Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, and
| | - John M Denu
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
| | - Matthew J Merrins
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
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20
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Zhang L, Lu P, Yan L, Yang L, Wang Y, Chen J, Dai J, Li Y, Kang Z, Bai T, Xi Y, Xu J, Sun G, Yang T. MRPL35 Is Up-Regulated in Colorectal Cancer and Regulates Colorectal Cancer Cell Growth and Apoptosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:1105-1120. [PMID: 30862482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial ribosome proteins (MRPs), which are encoded by the nuclear genomic DNA, are important for mitochondrial-encoded protein synthesis and mitochondrial function. Emerging evidence suggests that several MRPs also exhibit important extra-mitochondrial functions, such as involvement in apoptosis, protein biosynthesis, and signal transduction. In this study, we demonstrate a significant role of MRP L35 (MRPL35) in colorectal cancer (CRC). The expression of MRPL35 was higher in CRC tissues than in matched cancer-adjacent tissues and higher in CRC cells than in normal mucosal epithelial cells. Higher MRPL35 expression in CRC tissue correlated with shorter overall survival for CRC patients. In vitro, down-regulation of MRPL35 led to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) together with DNA damage, loss of cell proliferation, G2/M arrest, a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, and autophagy induction. MRPL35 knockdown inhibited tumor proliferation in a CRC xenograft nude mouse model. Furthermore, overexpression of MRPL35 or treatment of cells with the ROS scavenger, N-acetyl cysteine, abrogated ROS production, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in vitro. These findings suggest that MRPL35 plays an essential role in the development of CRC and may be a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Peifen Lu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lihong Yan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yutao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Junjun Chen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jie Dai
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yahui Li
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhiming Kang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Tao Bai
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanfeng Xi
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Grand Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Gongqin Sun
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island.
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
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Liu QQ, Lu K, Zhu HM, Kong SL, Yuan JM, Zhang GH, Chen NY, Gu CX, Pan CX, Mo DL, Su GF. Identification of 3-(benzazol-2-yl)quinoxaline derivatives as potent anticancer compounds: Privileged structure-based design, synthesis, and bioactive evaluation in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 165:293-308. [PMID: 30685528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by the common structural characteristics of numerous known antitumor compounds targeting DNA or topoisomerase I, 3-(benzazol-2-yl)-quinoxaline-based scaffold was designed via the combination of two important privileged structure units -quinoxaline and benzazole. Thirty novel 3-(benzazol-2-yl)-quinoxaline derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their biological activities. The MTT assay indicated that most compounds possessed moderate to potent antiproliferation effects against MGC-803, HepG2, A549, HeLa, T-24 and WI-38 cell lines. 3-(Benzoxazol- -2-yl)-2-(N-3-dimethylaminopropyl)aminoquinoxaline (12a) exhibited the most potent cytotoxicity, with IC50 values ranging from 1.49 to 10.99 μM against the five tested cancer and one normal cell line. Agarose-gel electrophoresis assays suggested that 12a did not interact with intact DNA, but rather it strongly inhibited topoisomerase I (Topo I) via Topo I-mediated DNA unwinding to exert its anticancer activity. The molecular modeling study indicated that 12a adopt a unique mode to interact with DNA and Topo I. Detailed biological study of 12a in MGC-803 cells revealed that 12a could arrest the cell cycle in G2 phase, inducing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the fluctuation of intracellular Ca2+, and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Western Blot analysis indicated that 12a-treatment could significantly up-regulate the levels of pro-apoptosis proteins Bak, Bax, and Bim, down-regulate anti-apoptosis proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, and increase levels of cyclin B1 and CDKs inhibitor p21, cytochrome c, caspase-3, caspase-9 and their activated form in MGC-803 cells in a dose-dependent manner to induce cell apoptosis via a caspase-dependent intrinsic mitochondria-mediated pathway. Studies in MGC-803 xenograft tumors models demonstrated that 12a could significantly reduce tumor growth in vivo at doses as low as 6 mg/kg with low toxicity. Its convenient preparation and potent anticancer efficacy in vivo makes the 3-(benzazol-2-yl)quinoxaline scaffold a promising new chemistry entity for the development of novel chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Ke Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hai-Miao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Shi-Lin Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jing-Mei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Guo-Hai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Nan-Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Chen-Xi Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Cheng-Xue Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Dong-Liang Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Gui-Fa Su
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China.
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22
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Xia J, Luo Q, Huang S, Jiang F, Wang L, Wang G, Xie J, Liu J, Xu Y. Alisol B 23-acetate-induced HepG2 hepatoma cell death through mTOR signaling-initiated G 1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis: A quantitative proteomic study. Chin J Cancer Res 2019; 31:375-388. [PMID: 31156308 PMCID: PMC6513739 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2019.02.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study aimed to investigate the molecular events in alisol B 23-acetate (ABA) cytotoxic activity against a liver cancer cell line. Methods First, we employed a quantitative proteomics approach based on stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) to identify the different proteins expressed in HepG2 liver cancer cells upon exposure to ABA. Next, bioinformatics analyses through DAVID and STRING on-line tools were used to predict the pathways involved. Finally, we applied functional validation including cell cycle analysis and Western blotting for apoptosis and mTOR pathway-related proteins to confirm the bioinformatics predictions. Results We identified 330 different proteins with the SILAC-based quantitative proteomics approach. The bioinformatics analysis and the functional validation revealed that the mTOR pathway, ribosome biogenesis, cell cycle, and apoptosis pathways were differentially regulated by ABA. G1 cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and mTOR inhibition were confirmed. Conclusions ABA, a potential mTOR inhibitor, induces the disruption of ribosomal biogenesis. It also affects the mTOR-MRP axis to cause G1 cell cycle arrest and finally leads to cancer cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Shengbin Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Fuquan Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Jingjing Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Yang Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
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23
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Donato L, Scimone C, Nicocia G, D'Angelo R, Sidoti A. Role of oxidative stress in Retinitis pigmentosa: new involved pathways by an RNA-Seq analysis. Cell Cycle 2018; 18:84-104. [PMID: 30569795 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1558873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a very heterogeneous inherited ocular disorder group characterized by progressive retinal disruption. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degeneration, due to oxidative stress which arrests the metabolic support to photoreceptors, represents one of the principal causes of RP. Here, the role of oxidative stress in RP onset and progression was analyzed by a comparative whole transcriptome analysis of human RPE cells, treated with 100 µg/ml of oxLDL and untreated, at different time points. Experiment was thrice repeated and performed on Ion ProtonTM sequencing system. Data analysis, including low quality reads trimming and gene expression quantification, was realized by CLC Genomics Workbench software. The whole analysis highlighted 14 clustered "macro-pathways" and many sub-pathways, classified by selection of 5271 genes showing the highest alteration of expression. Among them, 23 genes were already known to be RP causative ones (15 over-expressed and 8 down-expressed), and their enrichment and intersection analyses highlighted new 77 candidate related genes (49 over-expressed and 28 down-expressed). A final filtering analysis then highlighted 29 proposed candidate genes. This data suggests that many new genes, not yet associated with RP, could influence its etiopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Donato
- a Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy.,b Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies, Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience, Section of Applied Neuroscience, Molecular Genetics and Predictive Medicine , I.E.ME.S.T. ., Palermo , Italy
| | - Concetta Scimone
- a Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy.,b Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies, Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience, Section of Applied Neuroscience, Molecular Genetics and Predictive Medicine , I.E.ME.S.T. ., Palermo , Italy
| | - Giacomo Nicocia
- c Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Rosalia D'Angelo
- a Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy.,b Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies, Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience, Section of Applied Neuroscience, Molecular Genetics and Predictive Medicine , I.E.ME.S.T. ., Palermo , Italy
| | - Antonina Sidoti
- a Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy.,b Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies, Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience, Section of Applied Neuroscience, Molecular Genetics and Predictive Medicine , I.E.ME.S.T. ., Palermo , Italy
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24
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Xie LL, Shi F, Tan Z, Li Y, Bode AM, Cao Y. Mitochondrial network structure homeostasis and cell death. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3686-3694. [PMID: 30312515 PMCID: PMC6272111 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the major cellular energy‐producing organelles and intracellular source of reactive oxygen species. These organelles are responsible for driving cell life and death through mitochondrial network structure homeostasis, which is determined by a balance of fission and fusion. Recent advances revealed that a number of components of the fission and fusion machinery, including dynamin‐related protein 1 (Drp1), mitofusin1/2 (Mfn1/2) and Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1), that have been implicated in mitochondrial shape changes are indispensible for autophagy, apoptosis and necroptosis. Drp1 is the main regulator of mitochondrial fission and has become a key point of contention. The controversy focuses on whether Drp1 is directly involved in the regulation of cell death and, if involved, whether is it a stimulator or a negative regulator of cell death. Here, we examine the relevance of the homeostasis of the mitochondrial network structure in 3 different types of cell death, including autophagy, apoptosis and necroptosis. Furthermore, a variety of cancers often exhibit a fragmented mitochondrial phenotype. Thus, the fragmented ratio can reflect tumor progression that predicts prognosis and therapeutic response. In addition, we investigate whether the targeting of the mitochondrial fission protein Drp1 could be a novel therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Long Xie
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,Research Center for Technologies to Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Changsha Human Province, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,Research Center for Technologies to Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Changsha Human Province, Changsha, China
| | - Zheqiong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,Research Center for Technologies to Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Changsha Human Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yueshuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,Research Center for Technologies to Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Changsha Human Province, Changsha, China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Ya Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,Research Center for Technologies to Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Changsha Human Province, Changsha, China
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25
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Calamita P, Gatti G, Miluzio A, Scagliola A, Biffo S. Translating the Game: Ribosomes as Active Players. Front Genet 2018; 9:533. [PMID: 30498507 PMCID: PMC6249331 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomes have been long considered as executors of the translational program. The fact that ribosomes can control the translation of specific mRNAs or entire cellular programs is often neglected. Ribosomopathies, inherited diseases with mutations in ribosomal factors, show tissue specific defects and cancer predisposition. Studies of ribosomopathies have paved the way to the concept that ribosomes may control translation of specific mRNAs. Studies in Drosophila and mice support the existence of heterogeneous ribosomes that differentially translate mRNAs to coordinate cellular programs. Recent studies have now shown that ribosomal activity is not only a critical regulator of growth but also of metabolism. For instance, glycolysis and mitochondrial function have been found to be affected by ribosomal availability. Also, ATP levels drop in models of ribosomopathies. We discuss findings highlighting the relevance of ribosome heterogeneity in physiological and pathological conditions, as well as the possibility that in rate-limiting situations, ribosomes may favor some translational programs. We discuss the effects of ribosome heterogeneity on cellular metabolism, tumorigenesis and aging. We speculate a scenario in which ribosomes are not only executors of a metabolic program but act as modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piera Calamita
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Guido Gatti
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Annarita Miluzio
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Scagliola
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Biffo
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
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26
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Ribosomal protein L10 in mitochondria serves as a regulator for ROS level in pancreatic cancer cells. Redox Biol 2018; 19:158-165. [PMID: 30172100 PMCID: PMC6122146 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is commonly known as a complicated process, in which reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a critical role to involve in signal transduction, metabolism, cell proliferation and differentiation. Previously, ribosomal protein L10 (RPL10) was suggested to possess extra-ribosomal functions in pancreatic cancer cells in addition to being proposed as a tumor suppressor or transcription co-regulator. To better understand the relationship between RPL10 and tumorigenic potential in pancreatic cancer cells, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing reveals that RPL10 is unlikely to be a transcription factor without a specific binding motif for gene transcription. Additionally, transcriptome analysis indicates that RPL10 could regulate the expression of proteins related to ROS production. Moreover, RPL10 in mitochondria is closely associated with the regulation of ROS level by affecting Complex I activity and the subsequent events. Together, the present study suggests that the regulation of ROS level by mitochondrial RPL10 is one of the major extra-ribosomal functions in pancreatic cancer cells, which could be used as an indicator for the tumorigenesis of pancreatic cancer. RPL10 exists in mitochondria. RPL10 affects the expression of proteins related to oxidative stress and ROS generation. RPL10 regulates ROS level in pancreatic cancer cells.
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27
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Hao PY, Feng YL, Zhou YS, Song XM, Li HL, Ma Y, Ye CL, Yu XP. Schaftoside Interacts With NlCDK1 Protein: A Mechanism of Rice Resistance to Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:710. [PMID: 29896209 PMCID: PMC5986872 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens Stål is a serious insect pest of rice in Asian countries. Active compounds have close relationship with rice resistance against BPH. In this study, HPLC, MS/MS, and NMR techniques were used to identify active compounds in total flavonoids of rice. As a result, a BPH resistance-associated compound, Peak 1 in HPLC chromatogram of rice flavonoids, was isolated and identified as schaftoside. Feeding experiment with artificial diet indicated that schaftoside played its role in a dose dependent manner, under the concentration of 0.10 and 0.15 mg mL-1, schaftoside showed a significant inhibitory effect on BPH survival (p < 0.05), in comparison with the control. The fluorescent spectra showed that schaftoside has a strong ability to bind with NlCDK1, a CDK1 kinase of BPH. The apparent association constant KA for NlCDK1 binding with schaftoside is 6.436 × 103 L/mol. Docking model suggested that binding of schaftoside might affect the activation of NlCDK1 as a protein kinase, mainly through interacting with amino acid residues Glu12, Thr14 and Val17 in the ATP binding element GXGXXGXV (Gly11 to Val18). Western blot using anti-phospho-CDK1 (pThr14) antibody confirmed that schaftoside treatment suppressed the phosphorylation on Thr-14 site of NlCDK1, thus inhibited its activation as a kinase. Therefore, this study revealed the schaftoside-NlCDK1 interaction mode, and unraveled a novel mechanism of rice resistance against BPH.
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