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GroEL—A Versatile Chaperone for Engineering and a Plethora of Applications. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050607. [PMID: 35625535 PMCID: PMC9138447 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chaperones play a vital role in the life of cells by facilitating the correct folding of other proteins and maintaining them in a functional state, being themselves, as a rule, more stable than the rest of cell proteins. Their functional properties naturally tempt investigators to actively adapt them for biotechnology needs. This review will mostly focus on the applications found for the bacterial chaperonin GroE and its counterparts from other organisms, in biotechnology or for research purposes, both in their engineered or intact versions.
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Zhan W, Muhuri M, Tai PWL, Gao G. Vectored Immunotherapeutics for Infectious Diseases: Can rAAVs Be The Game Changers for Fighting Transmissible Pathogens? Front Immunol 2021; 12:673699. [PMID: 34046041 PMCID: PMC8144494 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.673699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional vaccinations and immunotherapies have encountered major roadblocks in preventing infectious diseases like HIV, influenza, and malaria. These challenges are due to the high genomic variation and immunomodulatory mechanisms inherent to these diseases. Passive transfer of broadly neutralizing antibodies may offer partial protection, but these treatments require repeated dosing. Some recombinant viral vectors, such as those based on lentiviruses and adeno-associated viruses (AAVs), can confer long-term transgene expression in the host after a single dose. Particularly, recombinant (r)AAVs have emerged as favorable vectors, given their high in vivo transduction efficiency, proven clinical efficacy, and low immunogenicity profiles. Hence, rAAVs are being explored to deliver recombinant antibodies to confer immunity against infections or to diminish the severity of disease. When used as a vaccination vector for the delivery of antigens, rAAVs enable de novo synthesis of foreign proteins with the conformation and topology that resemble those of natural pathogens. However, technical hurdles like pre-existing immunity to the rAAV capsid and production of anti-drug antibodies can reduce the efficacy of rAAV-vectored immunotherapies. This review summarizes rAAV-based prophylactic and therapeutic strategies developed against infectious diseases that are currently being tested in pre-clinical and clinical studies. Technical challenges and potential solutions will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhan
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- VIDE Program, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Manish Muhuri
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- VIDE Program, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Phillip W. L. Tai
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- VIDE Program, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Guangping Gao
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- VIDE Program, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
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Baldin AV, Zamyatnin AA, Bazhin AV, Xu WH, Savvateeva LV. Advances in the Development of Anticancer HSP-based Vaccines. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:427-445. [PMID: 29376489 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180129100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Current advances in cancer treatment are based on the recent discoveries of molecular mechanisms of tumour maintenance. It was shown that heat shock proteins (HSPs) play a crucial role in the development of immune response against tumours. Thus, HSPs represent multifunctional agents not only with chaperone functions, but also possessing immunomodulatory properties. These properties are exploited for the development of HSP-based anticancer vaccines aimed to induce cytotoxic responses against tumours. To date, a number of strategies have been suggested to facilitate HSP-based vaccine production and to increase its effectiveness. The present review focuses on the current trend for the development of HSPbased vaccines aimed at inducing strong immunological tumour-specific responses against cancer cells of distinct etiology and localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Baldin
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Cell Signaling, Belozersky Institute of Physico- Chemical Biology, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
| | - Wan-Hai Xu
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lyudmila V Savvateeva
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Paulk NK, Pekrun K, Charville GW, Maguire-Nguyen K, Wosczyna MN, Xu J, Zhang Y, Lisowski L, Yoo B, Vilches-Moure JG, Lee GK, Shrager JB, Rando TA, Kay MA. Bioengineered Viral Platform for Intramuscular Passive Vaccine Delivery to Human Skeletal Muscle. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2018; 10:144-155. [PMID: 30101152 PMCID: PMC6077147 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is ideal for passive vaccine administration as it is easily accessible by intramuscular injection. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors are in consideration for passive vaccination clinical trials for HIV and influenza. However, greater human skeletal muscle transduction is needed for therapeutic efficacy than is possible with existing serotypes. To bioengineer capsids with therapeutic levels of transduction, we utilized a directed evolution approach to screen libraries of shuffled AAV capsids in pools of surgically resected human skeletal muscle cells from five patients. Six rounds of evolution were performed in various muscle cell types, and evolved variants were validated against existing muscle-tropic serotypes rAAV1, 6, and 8. We found that evolved variants NP22 and NP66 had significantly increased primary human and rhesus skeletal muscle fiber transduction from surgical explants ex vivo and in various primary and immortalized myogenic lines in vitro. Importantly, we demonstrated reduced seroreactivity compared to existing serotypes against normal human serum from 50 adult donors. These capsids represent powerful tools for human skeletal muscle expression and secretion of antibodies from passive vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole K. Paulk
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Katja Pekrun
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Gregory W. Charville
- Glenn Center for Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Katie Maguire-Nguyen
- Glenn Center for Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael N. Wosczyna
- Glenn Center for Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jianpeng Xu
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yue Zhang
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Leszek Lisowski
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Bryan Yoo
- Glenn Center for Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Gordon K. Lee
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joseph B. Shrager
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Stanford University and VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Thomas A. Rando
- Glenn Center for Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Neurology Service and Rehabilitation Research and Development Center of Excellence, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Mark A. Kay
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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5
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Santiago-Ortiz JL, Schaffer DV. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors in cancer gene therapy. J Control Release 2016; 240:287-301. [PMID: 26796040 PMCID: PMC4940329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gene delivery vectors based on adeno-associated virus (AAV) have been utilized in a large number of gene therapy clinical trials, which have demonstrated their strong safety profile and increasingly their therapeutic efficacy for treating monogenic diseases. For cancer applications, AAV vectors have been harnessed for delivery of an extensive repertoire of transgenes to preclinical models and, more recently, clinical trials involving certain cancers. This review describes the applications of AAV vectors to cancer models and presents developments in vector engineering and payload design aimed at tailoring AAV vectors for transduction and treatment of cancer cells. We also discuss the current status of AAV clinical development in oncology and future directions for AAV in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L Santiago-Ortiz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - David V Schaffer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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HSP70L1-mediated intracellular priming of dendritic cell vaccination induces more potent CTL response against cancer. Cell Mol Immunol 2016; 15:135-145. [PMID: 27345726 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2016.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat-shock protein (HSP)-based immunotherapy is established on its adjuvant effects when applied via an extracellular approach to pulse and activate dendritic cells (DCs). Our previous studies indicate that DCs pulsed with recombinant fusion proteins of antigenic fragment and HSP70-like protein 1 (HSP70L1) are potent in stimulating antigen-specific Th1 responses. We herein evaluated the cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response by an intracellular approach of priming DCs with transfection of recombinant adenovirus-expressing the fusion gene of the 576-699 fragment of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and HSP70L1. As compared with DCs pulsed with extracellular fusion protein, the DCs transfected with recombinant adenovirus expressing the fusion gene displayed equivalent mature phenotypes but less inflammatory appearance. However, the transfected DCs were superior to the pulsed DCs in inducing CEA-specific CTLs. Consistently, immunization of HLA-A2.1/H-2Kb transgene mice with the transfected DCs could induce more quantities of HLA-A2.1-restricted CEA-specific CTLs, protecting nude mice more significantly from human CEA-expressing colon tumor challenge when adoptively transferred. Mechanistic investigation indicated that intracellular expression of the fusion protein empowered the transfected DCs by activation of STAT1 possibly via inducing IFN-β and ERK pathways. Therefore, the more potent ability to induce anti-CEA CTL responses enables the DCs, which transfected with recombinant adenovirus expressing the fusion gene of antigenic CEA fragment and Th1 adjuvant, as an alternative promising approach for the immunotherapy of CEA-positive tumors.
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Menderes G, Black J, Schwab CL, Santin AD. Immunotherapy and targeted therapy for cervical cancer: an update. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2015; 16:83-98. [PMID: 26568261 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2016.1121108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The prognosis of patients with metastatic cervical cancer is poor with a median survival of 8-13 months. Despite the potency of chemotherapeutic drugs, this treatment is rarely curative and should be considered palliative only. In the last few years, a better understanding of Human papillomavirus tumor-host immune system interactions and the development of new therapeutics targeting immune check points have renewed interest in the use of immunotherapy in cervical cancer patients. Moreover, next generation sequencing has emerged as an attractive option for the identification of actionable driver mutations and other markers. In this review, we provide background information on the molecular biology of cervical cancer and summarize immunotherapy studies, targeted therapies, including those with angiogenesis inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors recently completed or currently on-going in cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulden Menderes
- a Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Jonathan Black
- a Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Carlton L Schwab
- a Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Alessandro D Santin
- a Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
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Liao S, Zhang W, Hu X, Wang W, Deng D, Wang H, Wang C, Zhou J, Wang S, Zhang H, Ma D. A novel "priming-boosting" strategy for immune interventions in cervical cancer. Mol Immunol 2015; 64:295-305. [PMID: 25575128 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the encouraging development of a preventive vaccine for human papillomavirus (HPV), it cannot improve ongoing infections. Therefore, a new vaccine is urgently needed that can prevent and treat cervical cancer, and cure pre-cancerous lesions. In this study, we constructed two peptide-based vaccines. The first was a short-term, long-peptide (ST-LP) vaccine that simultaneously targeted three key carcinogenic epitopes (E5-E6-E7) on HPV16. We tested this vaccine in murine TC-1 cells infected with a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) fused with HPV16E5 DNA (rTC-1 cells), which served as a cell model; we also tested it in immune-competent mice loaded with rTC-1 cells, which served as an ectopic tumor model. The ST-LP injections resulted in strong, cell-mediated immunity, capable of attacking and eliminating abnormal antigen-bearing cells. Furthermore, to prolong immunogenic capability, we designed a unique rAAV that encoded the three predicted epitopes for a second, long-term, long-peptide (LT-LP) vaccine. Moreover, we used a new immune strategy of continuous re-injections, where three ST-LP injections were performed at one-week intervals (days 0, 7, 14), then one LT-LP injection was performed on day 120. Our in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that this strategy could boost the immune response to produce longer and stronger protection against target cells, and mice were thoroughly protected from tumor growth. Our results showed that priming the immune system with the ST-LP vaccine, followed by boosting the immune system with the LT-LP vaccine could generate a rapid, robust, durable cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response to HPV16-positive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Liao
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | | | - Xiaoji Hu
- Wuhan General Hospita of Guangzhou Military Region, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Southern Medical University South Hospital, PR China
| | - Dongrui Deng
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Changyu Wang
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Shixuan Wang
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Hanwang Zhang
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
| | - Ding Ma
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
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Nieto K, Salvetti A. AAV Vectors Vaccines Against Infectious Diseases. Front Immunol 2014; 5:5. [PMID: 24478774 PMCID: PMC3896988 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery as a tool for gene transfer, vectors derived from the adeno-associated virus (AAV) have been used for gene therapy applications and attracted scientist to this field for their exceptional properties of efficiency of in vivo gene transfer and the level and duration of transgene expression. For many years, AAVs have been considered as low immunogenic vectors due to their ability to induce long-term expression of non-self-proteins in contrast to what has been observed with other viral vectors, such as adenovirus, for which strong immune responses against the same transgene products were documented. The perceived low immunogenicity likely explains why the use of AAV vectors for vaccination was not seriously considered before the early 2000s. Indeed, while analyses conducted using a variety of transgenes and animal species slowly changed the vision of immunological properties of AAVs, an increasing number of studies were also performed in the field of vaccination. Even if the comparison with other modes of vaccination was not systemically performed, the analyses conducted so far in the field of active immunotherapy strongly suggest that AAVs possess some interesting features to be used as tools to produce an efficient and sustained antibody response. In addition, recent studies also highlighted the potential of AAVs for passive immunotherapy. This review summarizes the main studies conducted to evaluate the potential of AAV vectors for vaccination against infectious agents and discusses their advantages and drawbacks. Altogether, the variety of studies conducted in this field contributes to the understanding of the immunological properties of this versatile virus and to the definition of its possible future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Nieto
- Tumor Immunology Program (D030), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Anna Salvetti
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université de Lyon , Lyon , France ; LabEx Ecofect, Université de Lyon , Lyon , France
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10
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Giorgi C, Franconi R, Rybicki EP. Human papillomavirus vaccines in plants. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 9:913-24. [DOI: 10.1586/erv.10.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Deligeoroglou E, Giannouli A, Athanasopoulos N, Karountzos V, Vatopoulou A, Dimopoulos K, Creatsas G. HPV infection: immunological aspects and their utility in future therapy. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 2013; 2013:540850. [PMID: 24023507 PMCID: PMC3762170 DOI: 10.1155/2013/540850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
High prevalence and mortality rates of cervical cancer create an imperative need to clarify the uniqueness of HPV (Human Papillomavirus) infection, which serves as the key causative factor in cervical malignancies. Understanding the immunological details and the microenvironment of the infection can be a useful tool for the development of novel therapeutic interventions. Chronic infection and progression to carcinogenesis are sustained by immortalization potential of HPV, evasion techniques, and alterations in the microenvironment of the lesion. Inside the lesion, Toll-like receptors expression becomes irregular; Langerhans cells fail to present the antigens efficiently, tumor-associated macrophages aggregate resulting in an unsuccessful immune response by the host. HPV products also downregulate the expression of microenvironment components which are necessary for natural-killer cells response and antigen presentation to cytotoxic cells. Additionally HPV promotes T-helper cell 2 (Th2) and T-regulatory cell phenotypes and reduces Th1 phenotype, leading to suppression of cellular immunity and lesion progression to cancer. Humoral response after natural infection is inefficient, and neutralizing antibodies are not adequate in many women. Utilizing this knowledge, new endeavors, such as therapeutic vaccination, aim to stimulate cellular immune response against the virus and alter the milieu of the lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthimios Deligeoroglou
- Division of Pediatric-Adolescent Gynecology and Reconstructive Surgery, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Athens University, Medical School, Aretaieion Hospital, Vassilisis, Sofias Avenue 76, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Giannouli
- Division of Pediatric-Adolescent Gynecology and Reconstructive Surgery, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Athens University, Medical School, Aretaieion Hospital, Vassilisis, Sofias Avenue 76, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Athanasopoulos
- Division of Pediatric-Adolescent Gynecology and Reconstructive Surgery, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Athens University, Medical School, Aretaieion Hospital, Vassilisis, Sofias Avenue 76, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Karountzos
- Division of Pediatric-Adolescent Gynecology and Reconstructive Surgery, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Athens University, Medical School, Aretaieion Hospital, Vassilisis, Sofias Avenue 76, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Vatopoulou
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 1st Department of Ob/Gyn Papageorgiou Hospital, University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Perifereiaki Odos Thessalonikis-N, Efkarpias, 564 29 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Dimopoulos
- Division of Pediatric-Adolescent Gynecology and Reconstructive Surgery, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Athens University, Medical School, Aretaieion Hospital, Vassilisis, Sofias Avenue 76, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - George Creatsas
- Division of Pediatric-Adolescent Gynecology and Reconstructive Surgery, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Athens University, Medical School, Aretaieion Hospital, Vassilisis, Sofias Avenue 76, 11528 Athens, Greece
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Wang HL, Xu H, Lu WH, Zhu L, Yu YH, Hong FZ. In vitro and in vivo evaluations of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16)-derived peptide-loaded dendritic cells (DCs) with a CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) adjuvant as tumor vaccines for immunotherapy of cervical cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2013; 289:155-62. [PMID: 23912529 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-013-2938-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the immunotherapeutic potentials for human dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with different HPV16-associated antigens, including HPV16E7 (E) protein, HPV16E7 polypeptide (P), as well as CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) 2006 as a promising immune adjuvant for vaccination against cervical carcinoma. METHODS DCs derived from human peripheral blood and cord blood were isolated and loaded with HPV-derived protein or peptides, in combination with CpG-ODN2006 as a potential adjuvant. The IL-12 level, the allogeneic T cell-stimulatory capacity and the cytotoxicity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were evaluated in vitro. Furthermore, an immune reconstitution model of human cervical carcinoma in SCID mice was used to assess the anti-tumor effects in vivo. The tumor sizes, the expression of IgG and IFN-γ, and the presence of the human CD3(+), CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were measured in the mice inoculated with different DCs. RESULTS The antigen-loaded DCs displayed obvious anti-tumor activities in vitro and in vivo, and showed no toxicity to normal cells. The level of IL-12, an important cytokine for immune response, was up-regulated in all mice inoculated with antigen-loaded DCs. Stimulation and activity of CTLs were increased after treatment with antigen-loaded DCs. Significantly, DCs loaded with HPV16E7 polypeptide (P) showed the most distinguished immunotherapeutic activities, and such effect was further enhanced when HPV16E7 polypeptide (P) was used in combination with CpG-ODN2006. Interestingly, the same results were obtained in vivo: the tumor size was decreased, and IgG and IFN-γ levels were increased after the SCID mice were inoculated with the loaded DCs. CONCLUSIONS HPV16E7 polypeptide combined with the immune adjuvant CpG-ODN2006 could be a suitable HPV16-associated tumor antigen. The research provides a new strategy for generating DCs vaccines for immunotherapy of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Li Wang
- Gynecology Department, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, China,
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13
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Human hsp70 and HPV16 oE7 fusion protein vaccine induces an effective antitumor efficacy. Oncol Rep 2013; 30:407-12. [PMID: 23660931 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The persistent infection by human papilloma virus (HPV) is considered to be the major risk factor of cervical cancer, which is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide. Millions of women are currently infected with high-risk HPV. Thus, it is urgent to develop therapeutic vaccines to eliminate established infection or HPV-related diseases. In the present study, we constructed a very promising therapeutic HPV16 protein vaccine of optimized E7 (oE7)/huhsp70 using human hsp70 linked to HPV16 oE7. Our results demonstrated that vaccination with the oE7/huhsp70 protein vaccine induced a very strong E7-specific CD8(+) T cell immune response and resulted in a significant therapeutic effect against E7-expressing tumor cells. Our study verifies that huhsp70 is an effective immune adjuvant in the development of tumor therapeutic protein vaccines, and emphasizes that homologous huhsp70 is a promising tool in future human clinical applications.
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Martin Caballero J, Garzón A, González-Cintado L, Kowalczyk W, Jimenez Torres I, Calderita G, Rodriguez M, Gondar V, Bernal JJ, Ardavín C, Andreu D, Zürcher T, von Kobbe C. Chimeric infectious bursal disease virus-like particles as potent vaccines for eradication of established HPV-16 E7-dependent tumors. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52976. [PMID: 23300838 PMCID: PMC3534127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is caused by persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection and represents the second most frequent gynecological malignancy in the world. The HPV-16 type accounts for up to 55% of all cervical cancers. The HPV-16 oncoproteins E6 and E7 are necessary for induction and maintenance of malignant transformation and represent tumor-specific antigens for targeted cytotoxic T lymphocyte–mediated immunotherapy. Therapeutic cancer vaccines have become a challenging area of oncology research in recent decades. Among current cancer immunotherapy strategies, virus-like particle (VLP)–based vaccines have emerged as a potent and safe approach. We generated a vaccine (VLP-E7) incorporating a long C-terminal fragment of HPV-16 E7 protein into the infectious bursal disease virus VLP and tested its therapeutic potential in HLA-A2 humanized transgenic mice grafted with TC1/A2 tumor cells. We performed a series of tumor challenge experiments demonstrating a strong immune response against already-formed tumors (complete eradication). Remarkably, therapeutic efficacy was obtained with a single dose without adjuvant and against two injections of tumor cells, indicating a potent and long-lasting immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Garzón
- Cancer Vaccines Unit, R & D Department, Chimera Pharma S.L.U., Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Wioleta Kowalczyk
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Gloria Calderita
- Cancer Vaccines Unit, R & D Department, Chimera Pharma S.L.U., Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita Rodriguez
- Cancer Vaccines Unit, R & D Department, Chimera Pharma S.L.U., Madrid, Spain
| | - Virgínia Gondar
- Cancer Vaccines Unit, R & D Department, Chimera Pharma S.L.U., Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Jose Bernal
- Cancer Vaccines Unit, R & D Department, Chimera Pharma S.L.U., Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Ardavín
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Andreu
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Zürcher
- Cancer Vaccines Unit, R & D Department, Chimera Pharma S.L.U., Madrid, Spain
| | - Cayetano von Kobbe
- Cancer Vaccines Unit, R & D Department, Chimera Pharma S.L.U., Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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15
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Peralta-Zaragoza O, Bermúdez-Morales VH, Pérez-Plasencia C, Salazar-León J, Gómez-Cerón C, Madrid-Marina V. Targeted treatments for cervical cancer: a review. Onco Targets Ther 2012; 5:315-28. [PMID: 23144564 PMCID: PMC3493318 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s25123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death in women worldwide and the development of new diagnosis, prognostic, and treatment strategies merits special attention. Although surgery and chemoradiotherapy can cure 80%–95% of women with early stage cancer, the recurrent and metastatic disease remains a major cause of cancer death. Many efforts have been made to design new drugs and develop gene therapies to treat cervical cancer. In recent decades, research on treatment strategies has proposed several options, including the role of HPV E6 and E7 oncogenes, which are retained and expressed in most cervical cancers and whose respective oncoproteins are critical to the induction and maintenance of the malignant phenotype. Other efforts have been focused on antitumor immunotherapy strategies. It is known that during the development of cervical cancer, a cascade of abnormal events is induced, including disruption of cellular cycle control, perturbation of antitumor immune response, alteration of gene expression, and deregulation of microRNA expression. Thus, in this review article we discuss potential targets for the treatment of cervical cancer associated with HPV infection, with special attention to immunotherapy approaches, clinical trials, siRNA molecules, and their implications as gene therapy strategies against cervical cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Peralta-Zaragoza
- Direction of Chronic Infections and Cancer, Research Center in Infection Diseases, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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Abstract
Viral vectors have been developed as vaccine platforms for a number of pathogens and tumors. In particular, adenovirus (Ad)-based vectors expressing genes coding for pathogen or tumor antigens have proven efficacious to induce protective immunity. Major challenges in the use of Ad vectors are the high prevalence of anti-Ad immunity and the recent observation during an Ad-based HIV vaccine trial that led to increased HIV-1 acquisition in the presence of circulating anti-Ad5 neutralizing antibodies. In this review we summarize strategies to address these challenges and focus on modifications of the Ad capsid to enhance the adjuvant effect of anti-Ad immunogenicity and to circumvent pre-existing immunity. In addition, we summarize the current status and potential of other viral vector vaccines based on adeno-associated viruses, lentiviruses and poxviruses.
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17
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Hecker JG, McGarvey M. Heat shock proteins as biomarkers for the rapid detection of brain and spinal cord ischemia: a review and comparison to other methods of detection in thoracic aneurysm repair. Cell Stress Chaperones 2011; 16:119-31. [PMID: 20803353 PMCID: PMC3059797 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-010-0224-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2010] [Revised: 08/16/2010] [Accepted: 08/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The heat shock proteins (HSPs) are members of highly conserved families of molecular chaperones that have multiple roles in vivo. We discuss the HSPs in general, and Hsp70 and Hsp27 in particular, and their rapid induction by severe stress in the context of tissue and organ expression in physiology and disease. We describe the current state of knowledge of the relationship and interactions between extra- and intracellular HSPs and describe mechanisms and significance of extracellular expression of HSPs. We focus on the role of the heat shock proteins as biomarkers of central nervous system (CNS) ischemia and other severe stressors and discuss recent and novel technologies for rapid measurement of proteins in vivo and ex vivo. The HSPs are compared to other proposed small molecule biomarkers for detection of CNS injury and to other methods of detecting brain and spinal cord ischemia in real time. While other biomarkers may be of use in prognosis and in design of appropriate therapies, none appears to be as rapid as the HSPs; therefore, no other measurement appears to be of use in the immediate detection of ongoing severe ischemia with the intention to immediately intervene to reduce the severity or risk of permanent damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- James G Hecker
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6112, USA.
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