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Vitiello L, Capasso L, Cembalo G, De Pascale I, Imparato R, De Bernardo M. Herbal and Natural Treatments for the Management of the Glaucoma: An Update. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:3105251. [PMID: 38027044 PMCID: PMC10673672 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3105251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma causes the degeneration of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons, inducing a tissue reshaping that affects both the retina and the optic nerve head. Glaucoma care especially focuses on reducing intraocular pressure, a significant risk factor for progressive damage to the optic nerve. The use of natural treatments, such as herbs, vitamins, and minerals, is becoming increasingly popular today. While plants are a rich source of novel biologically active compounds, only a small percentage of them have been phytochemically examined and evaluated for their medicinal potential. It is necessary for eye care professionals to inform their glaucoma patients about the therapy, protection, and efficacy of commonly used herbal medicines, considering the widespread use of herbal medicines. The purpose of this review is to examine evidence related to the most widely used herbal medicines for the management and treatment of glaucoma, to better understand the potential benefits of these natural compounds as supplementary therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livio Vitiello
- Eye Unit, “Luigi Curto” Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, Polla, 84035 Salerno, Italy
| | - Luigi Capasso
- Eye Unit, “Ospedale del Mare” Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Napoli 1 Centro, Naples 80147, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cembalo
- Eye Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy
| | - Ilaria De Pascale
- Eye Unit, “Ramazzini” Hospital, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale Modena, Carpi 41012, Italy
| | - Roberto Imparato
- Eye Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale Valle d'Aosta, Aosta 11100, Italy
| | - Maddalena De Bernardo
- Eye Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy
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Kiuchi Y, Inoue T, Shoji N, Nakamura M, Tanito M. The Japan Glaucoma Society guidelines for glaucoma 5th edition. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2023; 67:189-254. [PMID: 36780040 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-022-00970-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
We are pleased to bring you the 5th edition of the Glaucoma Clinical Practice Guidelines. Clinical practice guidelines are based on evidence (scientific grounds). It is a document that presents the treatment that is the most appropriate for the patient. "Glaucoma Clinical Guidelines" was first published in 2003. This was the first guideline for glaucoma treatment in Japan. The principle of glaucoma treatment is to lower intraocular pressure. Means for lowering intraocular pressure includes drugs, lasers, and surgery; Glaucoma is a disease that should be considered as a complex syndrome rather than a single condition. Therefore, the actual medical treatment is not as simple as one word. This time we set the Clinical Questionnaire with a focus on glaucoma treatment. We hope that you will take advantage of the 5th edition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Kiuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-31 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Toshihiro Inoue
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Life Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shoji
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakamura
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaki Tanito
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
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Marando CM, Chen TC. Evidence for Complementary and Alternative Therapies to Treat Glaucoma. Semin Ophthalmol 2023; 38:85-91. [PMID: 36469549 DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2022.2152704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Complementary and alternative medicine is used by approximately 5% of patients with glaucoma, and examples include marijuana, Ginkgo biloba extract, bilberry fruit extract, and acupuncture. Systemic marijuana is not beneficial for glaucoma due to the short duration of action, the lack of evidence that it alters disease progression, and its negative side effect profile. Drops that affect the cannabinoid pathway are still being studied. Ginkgo biloba and bilberry fruit extracts have been shown to decrease oxidative stress and improve perfusion of the optic nerve head. However, these findings are inconsistent throughout the literature and the studies are small, which makes the overall evidence weak. There is no evidence that acupuncture alters glaucoma disease progression or causes a sustained decrease in intraocular pressure. In summary, the literature suggests that there are transient and/or theoretical benefits of complementary and alternative medicine for glaucoma care; however, the overall evidence to support their use is weak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Marando
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye & Ear, Glaucoma Service, Boston, USA
| | - Teresa C Chen
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye & Ear, Glaucoma Service, Boston, USA
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Młynarczyk M, Falkowska M, Micun Z, Obuchowska I, Kochanowicz J, Socha K, Konopińska J. Diet, Oxidative Stress, and Blood Serum Nutrients in Various Types of Glaucoma: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071421. [PMID: 35406033 PMCID: PMC9002851 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is one of the most common causes of irreversible vision loss worldwide. It is an insidious disease with a multifactorial pathogenesis. Despite progress in treatment methods, prevention and lifestyle modifications may be useful in slowing the progression of this disease. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the influence of diet, oxidative stress, and disturbances in blood serum levels of nutrients on the incidence and severity of glaucoma based on scientific reports on the role of nutrition in the pathogenesis and course of glaucoma. This paper presents an analysis of the above issues; however, further research is required to develop this topic. Future clinical trials are needed to assess the influence of nutrition and to develop nutritional management strategies for patients with glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryla Młynarczyk
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (M.M.); (Z.M.); (I.O.)
| | - Martyna Falkowska
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (M.F.); (K.S.)
| | - Zuzanna Micun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (M.M.); (Z.M.); (I.O.)
| | - Iwona Obuchowska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (M.M.); (Z.M.); (I.O.)
| | - Jan Kochanowicz
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Socha
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (M.F.); (K.S.)
| | - Joanna Konopińska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (M.M.); (Z.M.); (I.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-600471666
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Cáceres-Vélez PR, Hui F, Hercus J, Bui B, Jusuf PR. Restoring the oxidative balance in age-related diseases - An approach in glaucoma. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 75:101572. [PMID: 35065274 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As human life expectancy increases, age-related health issues including neurodegenerative diseases continue to rise. Regardless of genetic or environmental factors, many neurodegenerative conditions share common pathological mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, a hallmark of many age-related health burdens. In this review, we describe oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in glaucoma, an age-related neurodegenerative eye disease affecting 80 million people worldwide. We consider therapeutic approaches used to counteract oxidative stress in glaucoma, including untapped treatment options such as novel plant-derived antioxidant compounds that can reduce oxidative stress and prevent neuronal loss. We summarize the current pre-clinical models and clinical work exploring the therapeutic potential of a range of candidate plant-derived antioxidant compounds. Finally, we explore advances in drug delivery systems, particular those employing nanotechnology-based carriers which hold significant promise as a carrier for antioxidants to treat age-related disease, thus reviewing the key current state of all of the aspects required towards translation.
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Treatment of Glaucoma with Natural Products and Their Mechanism of Action: An Update. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030534. [PMID: 35276895 PMCID: PMC8840399 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness. It is generally caused by increased intraocular pressure, which results in damage of the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells, ultimately leading to visual field dysfunction. However, even with the use of intraocular pressure-lowering eye drops, the disease still progresses in some patients. In addition to mechanical and vascular dysfunctions of the eye, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and excitotoxicity have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Hence, the use of natural products with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties may represent an alternative approach for glaucoma treatment. The present review highlights recent preclinical and clinical studies on various natural products shown to possess neuroprotective properties for retinal ganglion cells, which thereby may be effective in the treatment of glaucoma. Intraocular pressure can be reduced by baicalein, forskolin, marijuana, ginsenoside, resveratrol and hesperidin. Alternatively, Ginkgo biloba, Lycium barbarum, Diospyros kaki, Tripterygium wilfordii, saffron, curcumin, caffeine, anthocyanin, coenzyme Q10 and vitamins B3 and D have shown neuroprotective effects on retinal ganglion cells via various mechanisms, especially antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis mechanisms. Extensive studies are still required in the future to ensure natural products' efficacy and safety to serve as an alternative therapy for glaucoma.
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Non-drug interventions in glaucoma: Putative roles for lifestyle, diet and nutritional supplements. Surv Ophthalmol 2021; 67:675-696. [PMID: 34563531 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a major ocular neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cells degeneration and sight loss. Current treatment options have been limited to reducing intraocular pressure (IOP), known as the leading risk factor for this disease; however, glaucoma can develop even with low or normal IOP and progress despite controlling IOP values. Lifestyle, dietary habits, and supplementation may influence some of the risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms underlying glaucoma development and progression; thus, the role of this complementary and alternative medicine in glaucoma has received great interest from both patients and ophthalmologists. We provide a summary of the current evidence concerning the relationship between lifestyle, dietary habits, and effects of supplements on the incidence and progression of glaucoma and their targets and associated mechanisms. The data suggest the existence of a therapeutic potential that needs to be further explored with both preclinical and rigorous clinical studies.
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Golubnitschaja O, Liskova A, Koklesova L, Samec M, Biringer K, Büsselberg D, Podbielska H, Kunin AA, Evsevyeva ME, Shapira N, Paul F, Erb C, Dietrich DE, Felbel D, Karabatsiakis A, Bubnov R, Polivka J, Polivka J, Birkenbihl C, Fröhlich H, Hofmann-Apitius M, Kubatka P. Caution, "normal" BMI: health risks associated with potentially masked individual underweight-EPMA Position Paper 2021. EPMA J 2021; 12:243-264. [PMID: 34422142 PMCID: PMC8368050 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-021-00251-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
An increasing interest in a healthy lifestyle raises questions about optimal body weight. Evidently, it should be clearly discriminated between the standardised "normal" body weight and individually optimal weight. To this end, the basic principle of personalised medicine "one size does not fit all" has to be applied. Contextually, "normal" but e.g. borderline body mass index might be optimal for one person but apparently suboptimal for another one strongly depending on the individual genetic predisposition, geographic origin, cultural and nutritional habits and relevant lifestyle parameters-all included into comprehensive individual patient profile. Even if only slightly deviant, both overweight and underweight are acknowledged risk factors for a shifted metabolism which, if being not optimised, may strongly contribute to the development and progression of severe pathologies. Development of innovative screening programmes is essential to promote population health by application of health risks assessment, individualised patient profiling and multi-parametric analysis, further used for cost-effective targeted prevention and treatments tailored to the person. The following healthcare areas are considered to be potentially strongly benefiting from the above proposed measures: suboptimal health conditions, sports medicine, stress overload and associated complications, planned pregnancies, periodontal health and dentistry, sleep medicine, eye health and disorders, inflammatory disorders, healing and pain management, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, cancers, psychiatric and neurologic disorders, stroke of known and unknown aetiology, improved individual and population outcomes under pandemic conditions such as COVID-19. In a long-term way, a significantly improved healthcare economy is one of benefits of the proposed paradigm shift from reactive to Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine (PPPM/3PM). A tight collaboration between all stakeholders including scientific community, healthcare givers, patient organisations, policy-makers and educators is essential for the smooth implementation of 3PM concepts in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive and Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alena Liskova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Koklesova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Marek Samec
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Kamil Biringer
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144 Doha, Qatar
| | - Halina Podbielska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anatolij A. Kunin
- Departments of Maxillofacial Surgery and Hospital Dentistry, Voronezh N.N. Burdenko State Medical University, Voronezh, Russian Federation
| | | | - Niva Shapira
- Nutrition Department, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Friedemann Paul
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Centre, Experimental and Clinical Research Centre, Max Delbrueck Centre for Molecular Medicine and Charité Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carl Erb
- Private Institute of Applied Ophthalmology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Detlef E. Dietrich
- European Depression Association, Brussels, Belgium
- AMEOS Clinical Centre for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 31135 Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Dieter Felbel
- Fachklinik Kinder und Jugendliche Psychiatrie, AMEOS Klinikum Hildesheim, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus für Pflege der FOM Hochschule Essen, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Alexander Karabatsiakis
- Institute of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology II, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rostyslav Bubnov
- Ultrasound Department, Clinical Hospital “Pheophania”, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Jiri Polivka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University and University Hospital Pilsen, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Polivka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Staré Město, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Staré Město, Czech Republic
| | - Colin Birkenbihl
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Schloss Birlinghoven, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany
- Bonn-Aachen International Centre for IT, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Holger Fröhlich
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Schloss Birlinghoven, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany
- Bonn-Aachen International Centre for IT, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- UCB Biosciences GmbH, Alfred-Nobel Str. 10, 40789 Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Martin Hofmann-Apitius
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Schloss Birlinghoven, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany
- Bonn-Aachen International Centre for IT, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
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Molinari C, Ruga S, Farghali M, Galla R, Fernandez-Godino R, Clemente N, Uberti F. Effects of a New Combination of Natural Extracts on Glaucoma-Related Retinal Degeneration. Foods 2021; 10:1885. [PMID: 34441662 PMCID: PMC8391439 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glaucoma is currently the leading cause of irreversible blindness; it is a neuropathy characterized by structural alterations of the optic nerve, leading to visual impairments. The aim of this work is to develop a new oral formulation able to counteract the early changes connected to glaucomatous degeneration. The composition is based on gastrodin and vitamin D3 combined with vitamin C, blackcurrant, and lycopene. METHODS Cells and tissues of the retina were used to study biological mechanisms involved in glaucoma, to slow down the progression of the disease. Experiments mimicking the conditions of glaucoma were carried out to examine the etiology of retinal degeneration. RESULTS Our results show a significant ability to restore glaucoma-induced damage, by counteracting ROS production and promoting cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis. These effects were confirmed by the intracellular mechanism that was activated following administration of the compound, either before or after the glaucoma induction. In particular, the main results were obtained as a preventive action of glaucoma, showing a beneficial action on all selected markers, both on cells and on eyecup preparations. It is therefore possible to hypothesize both the preventive and therapeutic use of this formulation, in the presence of risk factors, and due to its ability to inhibit the apoptotic cycle and to stimulate cell survival mechanisms, respectively. CONCLUSION This formulation has exhibited an active role in the prevention or restoration of glaucoma damage for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Molinari
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (C.M.); (S.R.); (M.F.); (R.G.)
| | - Sara Ruga
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (C.M.); (S.R.); (M.F.); (R.G.)
| | - Mahitab Farghali
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (C.M.); (S.R.); (M.F.); (R.G.)
| | - Rebecca Galla
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (C.M.); (S.R.); (M.F.); (R.G.)
| | - Rosario Fernandez-Godino
- Ocular Genomics Institute-Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Nausicaa Clemente
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Francesca Uberti
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (C.M.); (S.R.); (M.F.); (R.G.)
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Sun Q, Wang N, Xu W, Zhou H. Genus Ribes Linn. (Grossulariaceae): A comprehensive review of traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and clinical applications. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 276:114166. [PMID: 33940086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Ribes Linn., which belongs to the Grossulariaceae family, contains 160 species distributed mainly in temperate and cold regions of the Northern Hemisphere. There are 59 species in southwest, northwest and northeast China. Some species of Ribes have been used as traditional and local medicines for the treatment of glaucoma, cardiovascular disease, stomachache, hepatitis, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and other ailments. However, the data provided in recent years have not been collated and compared. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aims to summarize the current status of ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, clinical applications, and pharmacokinetics of the genus Ribes to better understand the therapeutic potential of the genus Ribes in the future and hope to provide a relatively novel perspective for further clinical application on the genus. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature on Ribes was collected through a series of scientific search engines including Elsevier, ACS, Springer, Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, Wiley, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and books. RESULTS Ribes species have been used for detoxification, glaucoma, cardiovascular disease, stomachache, hepatitis, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and other ailments. These plants mainly contain phenolic glycosides, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, polysaccharides, etc. Most traditional uses are related to biological activity and have been confirmed by modern research. Pharmacological studies in vitro and in vivo revealed that the extracts and pure compounds possessed significant hypolipidemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial, and antiviral activity, eyesight protection and other effects. CONCLUSIONS The traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and clinical applications described in this article explained that the Ribes species has numerous activities, and these findings will promote further action in the area of mechanism research. However, very few preclinical and clinical studies have focused on the toxicology and pharmacokinetics of crude extracts and pure compounds from the genus Ribes. Moreover, several clinical evidence to support the health benefits of Ribes plants. The development of new medicines based on Ribes species as ingredients may be restricted. The pharmacological activity, clinical efficacy and safety of Ribes species need to be verified by systematic and comprehensive preclinical studies and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Sun
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, 810008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Na Wang
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, 810008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenhua Xu
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, 810008, China.
| | - Huakun Zhou
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, 810008, China; Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Area in Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai, 810008, China
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Liu J, Zhou H, Song L, Yang Z, Qiu M, Wang J, Shi S. Anthocyanins: Promising Natural Products with Diverse Pharmacological Activities. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133807. [PMID: 34206588 PMCID: PMC8270296 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are natural products that give color to plants. As natural plant pigments, anthocyanins also have a series of health-promoting benefits. Many researchers have proved that anthocyanins have therapeutic effects on diseases, such as circulatory, nervous, endocrine, digestive, sensory, urinary and immune systems. Additionally, a large number of studies have reported that anthocyanins have an anticancer effect through a wide range of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The anti-disease impact and mechanism of anthocyanins are diverse, so they have high research value. This review summarizes the research progress of anthocyanins on the pharmacological agents of different diseases to provide references for subsequent research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.L.); (H.Z.); (M.Q.)
| | - Hongbing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.L.); (H.Z.); (M.Q.)
- Institute of Bioactive Substance and Function of Mongolian Medicine and Chinese Materia Medica, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China; (L.S.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Li Song
- Institute of Bioactive Substance and Function of Mongolian Medicine and Chinese Materia Medica, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China; (L.S.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhanjun Yang
- Institute of Bioactive Substance and Function of Mongolian Medicine and Chinese Materia Medica, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China; (L.S.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Min Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.L.); (H.Z.); (M.Q.)
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.L.); (H.Z.); (M.Q.)
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (S.S.)
| | - Songli Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.L.); (H.Z.); (M.Q.)
- Institute of Bioactive Substance and Function of Mongolian Medicine and Chinese Materia Medica, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China; (L.S.); (Z.Y.)
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (S.S.)
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Davinelli S, Ali S, Scapagnini G, Costagliola C. Effects of Flavonoid Supplementation on Common Eye Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials. Front Nutr 2021; 8:651441. [PMID: 34124119 PMCID: PMC8189261 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.651441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Emerging studies show that certain plant compounds may reduce the severity of most prevalent ocular abnormalities. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effect of dietary flavonoids on major eye disorders. Methods: Eligible studies were identified by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases for all articles published up to April 2021. The literature search yielded 1,134 articles, and a total of 16 studies were included in the systematic review. A meta-analysis of 11 intervention trials involving a total of 724 participants was performed. Results: Using a random-effects model, the pooled results revealed an overall significant effect of flavonoids on common ophthalmic disorders (standard mean difference = −0.39; 95% CI: −0.56, −0.21, p < 0.01). Of the subclasses of flavonoids, flavan-3-ols (standard mean difference = −0.62; 95% CI: −1.03, −0.22, p < 0.01), and anthocyanins (standard mean difference = −0.42; 95% CI: −0.63, −0.21, p < 0.01) were the only effective intervention for improving the outcomes of ocular conditions. For several of the other flavonoid subclasses, evidence on efficacy was insufficient. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that flavonoids may improve the clinical manifestations associated with ocular disorders. However, further well-constructed clinical trials are required to confirm these results and examine the effect of flavonoids on eye disorders other than those identified in this review. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier CRD42021247332.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Sawan Ali
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Ciro Costagliola
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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13
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Extraction, Identification, and Health Benefits of Anthocyanins in Blackcurrants (Ribes nigrum L.). APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11041863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The fruit of the blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) is round-shaped, dark purple, bittersweet, and seed-containing edible berries. The blackcurrant has been used as a traditional medicine in both Asia and European countries. It is known as a rich source of antioxidants, largely due to its high content of phenolic compounds, especially anthocyanins. Studies on anthocyanins from blackcurrants have adopted different extraction methods and a panel of anthocyanins has been identified in them. Research on the health benefits of blackcurrant anthocyanins has also grown. To present a general overview of research in blackcurrant anthocyanins, this review focuses on the extraction methods of anthocyanins from blackcurrants and the molecular mechanisms underlying their health benefits.
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Kan J, Wang M, Liu Y, Liu H, Chen L, Zhang X, Huang C, Liu BY, Gu Z, Du J. A novel botanical formula improves eye fatigue and dry eye: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 112:334-342. [PMID: 32542334 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the frequent use of video display units, eye fatigue is becoming more common globally. An alternative nutritional strategy is needed to prevent the aggravation of eye fatigue symptoms. OBJECTIVES The objective was to evaluate the protective effect of a novel botanical combination of lutein ester, zeaxanthin, and extracts of blackcurrant, chrysanthemum, and goji berry on adults with eye fatigue in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. METHODS We randomly allocated 360 participants into 4 groups to receive placebo and 3 doses of our formula (chewable tablets, containing 6 mg, 10 mg, or 14 mg of lutein) once daily for 90 d. Each participant had 3 visits at baseline (V1), 45 d (V2), and 90 d (V3) during the study. RESULTS Intervention with the formula improved individual scores of eye fatigue symptoms, including eye soreness, blurred vision, dry eye, foreign body sensation, and tearing. Compared with placebo, the formula at all 3 doses significantly decreased the total score of eye fatigue symptoms and increased the visuognosis persistence time at both V2 and V3. According to the Schirmer test, both 10-mg and 14-mg lutein formula groups had improved tear secretion at V3 compared with the placebo. The keratography results indicated that the first tear break-up time, average tear break-up time, and tear meniscus height were significantly increased after formula intervention. The formula at all 3 doses significantly increased the macular pigment optical density at V2 and V3 compared with the placebo, whereas optical coherence tomography showed no significant difference in retinal thickness and retinal volume across all groups at both visits. CONCLUSIONS Our botanical formula improves eye fatigue, dry eye, and macular function without changing the retinal structure, and thus it could serve as an effective nutritional strategy in improving eye fatigue without causing serious side effects.Clinical Trial Registry: chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR1800018987).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Kan
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Liang Chen
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Bryan Y Liu
- College of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhensheng Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
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15
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Nomi Y, Iwasaki-Kurashige K, Matsumoto H. Therapeutic Effects of Anthocyanins for Vision and Eye Health. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183311. [PMID: 31514422 PMCID: PMC6767261 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanin (AC) is widely used as supplement of eye health in Europe and in East Asia. In this review, I describe AC effects to clarify the mechanism is important in order to understand the effects of AC on vision health. The bioavailability of AC is quite low but, reported as intact form and many kinds of metabolite. And AC passes through the blood-aqueous fluid barrier and blood-retinal barrier. In vitro study, AC had a relaxing effect on ciliary muscle which is important to treat both myopia and glaucoma. And AC stimulate the regeneration of rhodopsin in frog rod outer segment. Furthermore, AC could inhibit the axial length and ocular length elongation in a negative lens-induced chick myopia model. In addition, we summarized clinical studies of AC intake improved dark adaptation and transient myopic shift and the improvement on retinal blood circulation in normal tension glaucoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Nomi
- Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
| | - Keiko Iwasaki-Kurashige
- Functional Material Division, Meiji Food Materia Co., Ltd, 4-16, Kyobashi 2-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0031, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Matsumoto
- Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
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16
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Qi S, He J, Han H, Zheng H, Jiang H, Hu CY, Zhang Z, Li X. Anthocyanin-rich extract from black rice (Oryza sativa L. Japonica) ameliorates diabetic osteoporosis in rats. Food Funct 2019; 10:5350-5360. [PMID: 31393485 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00681h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) is a systemic endocrine-metabolic osteopathy which has the characteristics of bone mineral density (BMD) reduction and bone microstructural destruction. Although anthocyanin-rich extract from black rice (AEBR) was reported to have a beneficial effect on diabetic rats, no studies have been performed on whether black rice anthocyanins are beneficial for diabetic osteoporosis. Therefore, in this study, a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model was established to investigate the protective effect of AEBR on diabetes-induced osteoporosis and its possible mechanism. AEBR at three doses (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g kg-1 d-1) were administered by oral gavage to diabetic rats for 8 weeks. The blood glucose, BMD, bone histomorphometry parameters, serum bone turnover biomarkers, bone marrow adipocyte numbers, as well as osteoprotegerin (OPG), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX 2), and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κ B ligand (RANKL) protein expression in bone and serum were detected. The results indicated that AEBR dose-dependently decreased the blood glucose, increased the BMD, and decreased the serum bone turnover markers. The bone microstructure and osteoclast numbers in bone tissues returned to normal in the high AEBR dosage group; at the same time, the AEBR dose-dependently suppressed bone marrow adipogenesis. The RUNX 2 as well as the OPG/RANKL ratio in diabetic rats' bone tissues increased significantly in the AEBR treatment group. Our results indicate that AEBR administration can ameliorate bone loss caused by diabetes; this is mainly attributed to its inhibition of bone turnover, suppression of bone marrow adipogenesis, and up-regulation of RUNX 2 and the OPG/RANKL expression ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Qi
- Vitamin D Research Institute, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China. and Shaanxi Black Organic Food Engineering Center, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia He
- Vitamin D Research Institute, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Hao Han
- Shaanxi Provincial Bio-resource key Laboratory, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Hongxing Zheng
- Shaanxi Provincial Bio-resource key Laboratory, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China. and Shaanxi Black Organic Food Engineering Center, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hai Jiang
- Vitamin D Research Institute, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Ching Yuan Hu
- Shaanxi Provincial Bio-resource key Laboratory, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- Vitamin D Research Institute, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China. and Shaanxi Black Organic Food Engineering Center, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinsheng Li
- Shaanxi Provincial Bio-resource key Laboratory, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China.
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Nutritional supplementation in the treatment of glaucoma: A systematic review. Surv Ophthalmol 2018; 64:195-216. [PMID: 30296451 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Current treatment strategies for glaucoma are limited to halting disease progression and do not restore lost visual function. Intraocular pressure is the main risk factor for glaucoma, and intraocular pressure-lowering treatment remains the mainstay of glaucoma treatment, but even successful intraocular pressure reduction does not stop the progression of glaucoma in all patients. We review the literature to determine whether nutritional interventions intended to prevent or delay the progression of glaucoma could prove to be a valuable addition to the mainstay of glaucoma therapy. A total of 33 intervention trials were included in this review, including 21 randomized controlled trials. These suggest that flavonoids exert a beneficial effect in glaucoma, particularly in terms of improving ocular blood flow and potentially slowing progression of visual field loss. In addition, supplements containing forskolin have consistently demonstrated the capacity to reduce intraocular pressure beyond the levels achieved with traditional therapy alone; however, despite the strong theoretical rationale and initial clinical evidence for the beneficial effect of dietary supplementation as an adjunct therapy for glaucoma, the evidence is not conclusive. More and better quality research is required to evaluate the role of nutritional supplementation in glaucoma.
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18
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Ramdas WD. The relation between dietary intake and glaucoma: a systematic review. Acta Ophthalmol 2018; 96:550-556. [PMID: 29461678 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A common question of patients to their physician is what they can do themselves against glaucoma, except taking their daily medication. However, for ophthalmologists, it is often hard to give their patients an advice on their dietary intake. To help ophthalmologists in answering this question, an overview of the current scientific literature on the association of nutrients with glaucoma is presented. METHODS A comprehensive systematic review was conducted in which articles published up to September 2017 were identified in PubMed and reference lists. Nutrients were categorized into minerals and trace elements, nutrition with antioxidative properties and omega-fatty acids. RESULTS The literature search revealed a total of 407 articles of which a total of 46 met the inclusion criteria. Most of these articles studied the effect of nutrients on open-angle glaucoma. Many trace elements have been investigated in the literature, but the most interesting are selenium and iron (both may increase the risk of glaucoma). Investigated nutrients with antioxidative properties and omega-fatty acids included glutathione, nitric oxide, carotenoids, flavonoids, and omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. Of these, glutathione, nitric oxide, and flavonoids had a significant protective effect on glaucoma. CONCLUSION Intake of selenium and iron may increase the risk of glaucoma, though, only few studies have been done on this topic. Nitric oxide present in other dark green leafy vegetables seems to have a beneficial effect on glaucoma. However, the evidence for an association of dietary intake with glaucoma is still not strong. More (longitudinal and randomized clinical trials) studies are required to make the presented findings clinically applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wishal D. Ramdas
- Department of Ophthalmology; Maastricht University Medical Center; Maastricht The Netherlands
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19
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Harris A, Gross J, Moore N, Do T, Huang A, Gama W, Siesky B. The effects of antioxidants on ocular blood flow in patients with glaucoma. Acta Ophthalmol 2018; 96:e237-e241. [PMID: 28772005 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of an antioxidant dietary supplement that includes Ginkgo biloba, on retinal and retrobulbar blood flow in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG). METHODS Forty-five patients with confirmed OAG were enroled in a randomized, double blinded, placebo-controlled cross-over study. Baseline and postadministration measurements of intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), retrobulbar blood flow, and retinal capillary blood flow were non-invasively measured (ultrasound and laser Doppler modalities, respectively) before and one month after antioxidant nutraceuticals and placebo administration. Changes in measurements between the active supplement and placebo arms were evaluated using paired t-tests, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. RESULTS Antioxidant supplementation produced a statistically significant increase in peak systolic and/or end diastolic blood flow velocities in all retrobulbar blood vessels compared to placebo. Vascular resistance was also reduced in central retinal and nasal short posterior ciliary arteries following antioxidant administration. Additionally, antioxidant supplementation increased superior and inferior temporal retinal capillary mean blood flow and the ratio of active to non-active retina capillaries compared to placebo. CONCLUSION One-month oral administration of antioxidants produced increases in biomarkers of ocular blood flow within retinal and retrobulbar vascular beds in patients with OAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon Harris
- Glaucoma Research and Diagnostic Center; Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Josh Gross
- Glaucoma Research and Diagnostic Center; Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Nicholas Moore
- Glaucoma Research and Diagnostic Center; Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Thai Do
- Glaucoma Research and Diagnostic Center; Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Amelia Huang
- Glaucoma Research and Diagnostic Center; Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Willy Gama
- Glaucoma Research and Diagnostic Center; Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Brent Siesky
- Glaucoma Research and Diagnostic Center; Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis IN USA
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20
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Giaquinta Aranda A, Fernández Araque A, Curbelo Rodriguez R, Rojo Aragues A. Glaucoma y antioxidantes: revisión sistemática. REVISTA MEXICANA DE OFTALMOLOGÍA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mexoft.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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21
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Jankowska-Lech I, Terelak-Borys B, Grabska-Liberek I, Palasik W, Bik W, Wolińska-Witort E. Decreased endothelin-1 plasma levels in multiple sclerosis patients: a possible factor of vascular dysregulation? Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:1066-71. [PMID: 25864450 PMCID: PMC4403550 DOI: 10.12659/msm.890899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with possible involvement of vascular dysregulation secondary to endothelial dysfunction caused by destruction of the vessel wall. Vascular dysregulation leads to excessive vasoconstriction or insufficient vasodilatation, resulting in vasospasm mediated by endothelin-1 (ET-1), the most potent and long-lasting mediator. Vascular dysregulation can play an important role in the pathogenesis of some eye disorders and it has been hypothesized that it is a vascular risk factor for glaucomatous optic neuropathy. The aim of this study was to estimate endothelin-1 (ET-1) plasma levels in patients with MS. MATERIAL AND METHODS The MS group consisted of 39 patients (9 males, 30 females), mean age: 38.8 ± 10.02 years, range: 22-62. The control group consisted of 27 healthy volunteers (3 males and 24 females), mean age: 37.4 ± 10.88 years, range: 20-62; clinically, in a non-active stage of the disease. ET-1 plasma levels were measured using the Endothelin-1 ELISA Kit (Immuno-Biological Laboratories Co., Japan). Statistical analysis was performed with the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test for independent groups. RESULTS Endothelin-1 (ET-1) plasma levels were significantly lower in MS patients compared to healthy controls: mean value 0.55 ± 0.44 pg/ml (146.05 ± 118.27 fmol/ml) vs. 0.95 ± 0.48 pg/ml (252.83 ± 127.16 fmol/ml); P=0.012. CONCLUSIONS Significantly decreased ET-1 plasma levels in the MS patients could reflect the non-active disease at the time of ET-1 measurements or the effects of immunomodulatory treatment, but it cannot be excluded that decreased ET-1 plasma levels in these patients might result from vascular dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irmina Jankowska-Lech
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Centre for Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Terelak-Borys
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Centre for Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Grabska-Liberek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Centre for Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Witold Palasik
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Medical Centre for Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Bik
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Medical Centre for Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Wolińska-Witort
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Medical Centre for Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
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22
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Flammer J, Konieczka K, Flammer AJ. The primary vascular dysregulation syndrome: implications for eye diseases. EPMA J 2013; 4:14. [PMID: 23742177 PMCID: PMC3693953 DOI: 10.1186/1878-5085-4-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Vascular dysregulation refers to the regulation of blood flow that is not adapted to the needs of the respective tissue. We distinguish primary vascular dysregulation (PVD, formerly called vasospastic syndrome) and secondary vascular dysregulation (SVD). Subjects with PVD tend to have cold extremities, low blood pressure, reduced feeling of thirst, altered drug sensitivity, increased pain sensitivity, prolonged sleep onset time, altered gene expression in the lymphocytes, signs of oxidative stress, slightly increased endothelin-1 plasma level, low body mass index and often diffuse and fluctuating visual field defects. Coldness, emotional or mechanical stress and starving can provoke symptoms. Virtually all organs, particularly the eye, can be involved. In subjects with PVD, retinal vessels are stiffer and more irregular, and both neurovascular coupling and autoregulation capacity are reduced while retinal venous pressure is often increased. Subjects with PVD have increased risk for normal-tension glaucoma, optic nerve compartment syndrome, central serous choroidopathy, Susac syndrome, retinal artery and vein occlusions and anterior ischaemic neuropathy without atherosclerosis. Further characteristics are their weaker blood–brain and blood-retinal barriers and the higher prevalence of optic disc haemorrhages and activated astrocytes. Subjects with PVD tend to suffer more often from tinnitus, muscle cramps, migraine with aura and silent myocardial ischaemic and are at greater risk for altitude sickness. While the main cause of vascular dysregulation is vascular endotheliopathy, dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system is also involved. In contrast, SVD occurs in the context of other diseases such as multiple sclerosis, retrobulbar neuritis, rheumatoid arthritis, fibromyalgia and giant cell arteritis. Taking into consideration the high prevalence of PVD in the population and potentially linked pathologies, in the current article, the authors provide recommendations on how to effectively promote the field in order to create innovative diagnostic tools to predict the pathology and develop more efficient treatment approaches tailored to the person.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Flammer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Mittlere Strasse 91, Basel CH-4031, Switzerland.
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Zamek-Gliszczynski MJ, Lee CA, Poirier A, Bentz J, Chu X, Ellens H, Ishikawa T, Jamei M, Kalvass JC, Nagar S, Pang KS, Korzekwa K, Swaan PW, Taub ME, Zhao P, Galetin A. ITC recommendations for transporter kinetic parameter estimation and translational modeling of transport-mediated PK and DDIs in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2013; 94:64-79. [PMID: 23588311 DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2013.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This white paper provides a critical analysis of methods for estimating transporter kinetics and recommendations on proper parameter calculation in various experimental systems. Rational interpretation of transporter-knockout animal findings and application of static and dynamic physiologically based modeling approaches for prediction of human transporter-mediated pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are presented. The objective is to provide appropriate guidance for the use of in vitro, in vivo, and modeling tools in translational transporter science.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Zamek-Gliszczynski
- Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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