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Gibson CJ, Shiozawa A, Epstein AJ, Han W, Mancuso S. Association between vasomotor symptom frequency and weight gain in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. Menopause 2023; 30:709-716. [PMID: 37314873 PMCID: PMC10309105 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The menopause transition is associated with weight gain in women. We examined whether changes in vasomotor symptom (VMS) frequency precede weight changes. METHODS This longitudinal retrospective analysis included data from the multisite, multiethnic Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. Women in premenopause or perimenopause aged 42 to 52 years at baseline self-reported VMS frequency (hot flashes/night sweats) and sleep problems at up to 10 annual visits. Menopause status, weight, body mass index, and waist circumference were compared across visits. The primary objective was to measure the association between VMS frequency and weight gain using a lagged approach with first-difference regression models. Secondary objectives were to statistically quantify mediation by sleep problems and moderation by menopause status and explore the association between cumulative, 10-year VMS exposure and long-term weight gain. RESULTS The primary analysis sample included 2,361 participants (12,030 visits; 1995-2008). Increased VMS frequency across visits was associated with subsequently increased weight (0.24 kg), body mass index (0.08 kg/m 2 ), and waist circumference (0.20 cm). Cumulative exposure to a high frequency of VMS (≥6 d/2 wk) over 10 consecutive annual visits was associated with increases in weight measures, including a 3.0-cm increase in waist circumference. Contemporaneous sleep problems mediated no more than 27% of waist circumference increases. Menopause status was not a consistent moderator. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that increases in VMS, onset of a high frequency of VMS, and persistent VMS symptoms over time may precede weight gain in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn J. Gibson
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | - Wei Han
- Astellas Pharma, Inc., Northbrook, IL
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Babadi RS, Williams PL, Li Z, Smith RL, Strakovsky RS, Hauser R, Flaws JA, James-Todd T. Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and hot flash outcomes: Longitudinal associations in the Midlife Women's Health Study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114576. [PMID: 36252832 PMCID: PMC10445275 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Midlife in women is an understudied time for environmental chemical exposures and menopausal outcomes. Recent cross-sectional research links phthalates with hot flashes, but little is known regarding such associations over time. Our objective was to estimate longitudinal associations between repeated measures of urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and hot flash outcomes in midlife women. Using data from the Midlife Women's Health Study (MWHS), a prospective longitudinal study, we fit generalized linear mixed-effects models (GLMMs) and Cox proportional hazards regression models to repeated measures over a 4-year period. Recruitment occurred in Baltimore and surrounding counties, Maryland, USA between 2006 and 2015. Participants were premenopausal/perimenopausal women (n = 744) aged 45-54 years, who were not pregnant, not taking menopausal symptom medication or oral contraceptives, did not have hysterectomy/oophorectomy, and irrespective of hot flash experience. Baseline mean (SD) age was 48.4 (2.45), and 65% were premenopausal. Main outcome measures included adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for 4 self-reported hot flash outcomes (ever experienced, past 30 days experience, weekly/daily, and moderate/severe), and hazard ratios (HRs) for incident hot flashes. We observed mostly increased odds of certain hot flash outcomes with higher concentrations of metabolites of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), monoisobutyl phthalate (MiBP), and a molar summary measure of plasticizer phthalate metabolites (DEHP metabolites, mono-(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP)). Some associations between exposures and outcomes indicated decreased odds. In conclusion, phthalate metabolites were associated with certain hot flash outcomes in midlife women. Midlife may be a sensitive period for higher phthalate metabolite concentrations with respect to menopausal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan S Babadi
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Paige L Williams
- Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Zhong Li
- Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois, Urbana, USA
| | - Rebecca L Smith
- Department of Pathobiology, Institute for Genomic Biology, and Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, USA
| | - Rita S Strakovsky
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition and Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Departments of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences and Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, USA
| | - Tamarra James-Todd
- Departments of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
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3
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Choi SJ, Kim DI, Yoon SH, Choi CM, Yoo JE. Randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial on Hominis placenta extract pharmacopuncture for hot flashes in peri- and post-menopausal women. Integr Med Res 2022; 11:100891. [PMID: 36338608 PMCID: PMC9634366 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2022.100891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hominis placenta pharmacopuncture is widely used for climacteric symptoms. This study examined the efficacy and safety of pharmacopuncture with PLC (the extract of Hominis placenta) on hot flashes for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Methods This study was a randomized placebo-controlled single-blind trial, which recruited 128 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, randomly assigned to receive pharmacopuncture with PLC or normal saline (NS) for eight weeks. The primary outcome was the mean changes in the hot flash score (HFS) and the secondary outcomes were the mean changes in the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, and estradiol (E2) levels from baseline to eight weeks. Missing values were imputed using the last-observation-carried-forward method. Results After treatment (week 9), the HFS decreased significantly in both groups (p = 0.000). The residual HFS was 47.09 ± 41.39% and 56.45 ± 44.92 % in the PLC and control groups, respectively (p = 0.262). One month after the treatment (week 13), the score of the PLC group was reduced, but the score increased in the control group (p = 0.077). There were no statistically significant differences in the mean changes in MRS, FSH, and E2 between the two groups. No serious adverse events related to this trial were noted. Conclusion In this study, Hominis placenta extract pharmacopuncture did not differ significantly from NS in reducing the hot flash score. While this therapy appears safe, the potential for long-term effect of PLC extract needs to be examined in a large randomized controlled trial with appropriate controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ji Choi
- Department of Korean Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-Guk University, Korean Medicine Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Il Kim
- Department of Korean Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-Guk University, Korean Medicine Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author at: Department of Korean Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-Guk University, Korean Medicine Hospital, 27 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Ho Yoon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Min Choi
- Department of Korean Gynecology, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Yoo
- Laon Korean Medicine Clinic, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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4
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Pacyga DC, Chiang C, Li Z, Strakovsky RS, Ziv-Gal A. Parabens and Menopause-Related Health Outcomes in Midlife Women: A Pilot Study. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2022; 31:1645-1654. [PMID: 35787012 PMCID: PMC10024061 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2022.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Parabens are antimicrobial agents prevalently found in daily-use products that can interfere with the endocrine and reproductive systems. In this study, we examined the cross-sectional associations of parabens with hot flashes, hormone concentrations, and ovarian volume in a subsample of 101 nonsmoking, non-Hispanic 45- to 54-year-old women from the Midlife Women's Health Study. Materials and Methods: Women self-reported their hot flash history and underwent a transvaginal ultrasound to measure ovarian volume. Participants provided blood for quantification of serum hormones (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or radioimmunoassay) and urine samples for measurements of urinary paraben biomarker levels (by high-performance liquid chromatography negative-ion electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry). Linear or logistic regression models evaluated associations of specific gravity-adjusted paraben biomarker concentrations with hot flashes, hormone concentrations, and ovarian volume. Results: We observed marginal associations of propylparaben, methylparaben, and ∑parabens biomarkers (molar sum of four parabens) with hot flashes and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations, and of these paraben biomarkers and ethylparaben with ovarian volume. For example, women tended to have 32% (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.9 to 1.81), 40% (95% CI: 1.0 to 1.95), and 40% (95% CI: 0.98 to 2.01) higher odds of having recent, monthly, and mild hot flashes, respectively, for every two-fold increase in ∑parabens. Similarly, women tended to have 14.54% (95% CI: -0.10 to 31.32) higher FSH concentrations, but 5.67% (95% CI: -12.54 to 1.75) reduced ovarian volume for every two-fold increase in ∑parabens Conclusions: Overall, our preliminary findings suggest that urinary paraben biomarkers may be associated with menopause-related outcomes in midlife women. Additional studies in larger and diverse populations are needed to expand on these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana C. Pacyga
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Catheryne Chiang
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Zhong Li
- Metabolomics Lab, Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Rita S. Strakovsky
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Ayelet Ziv-Gal
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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5
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Sundell M, Spetz Holm AC, Fredrikson M, Hammar M, Hoffmann M, Brynhildsen J. Pulmonary embolism in menopausal hormone therapy: a population-based register study. Climacteric 2022; 25:615-621. [PMID: 36218141 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2022.2127352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral but not transdermal menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) increases the risk of venous thromboembolism. There is no evidence regarding the risk of the serious complication pulmonary embolism (PE). The aim was to investigate the risk of PE in women using MHT depending on administration route, type of progestin and treatment duration. METHOD The population-based case-control study covered 1,771,253 women aged 40-69 years, during 2006-2015. Diagnoses of PE (n = 13,974) and drug dispensations were received from national validated registers. RESULTS Current MHT users had a higher risk of PE than non-users (odds ratio [OR] 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.26). First ever users had the highest risk (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.23-3.50). Transdermal administration was not associated with increased risk of PE. The OR was slightly but non-significantly higher with estrogen combined with medroxyprogesterone acetate than with norethisterone acetate. DISCUSSION The risk of PE was significantly increased in users of oral but not transdermal MHT, with the highest risk in first ever users of oral estrogen combined with medroxyprogesterone acetate. The risk was considerably lower in women with recurrent treatment, probably because of the healthy user effect. CONCLUSION PE was most common close to initiation of oral treatment. Transdermal MHT did not increase the risk of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Sundell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kalmar County Hospital, Kalmar, Sweden.,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anna-Clara Spetz Holm
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linköping University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Mats Fredrikson
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mats Hammar
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mikael Hoffmann
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jan Brynhildsen
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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Neff AM, Laws MJ, Warner GR, Flaws JA. The Effects of Environmental Contaminant Exposure on Reproductive Aging and the Menopause Transition. Curr Environ Health Rep 2022; 9:53-79. [PMID: 35103957 PMCID: PMC8988816 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-022-00334-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Menopause marks the end of a woman's reproductive lifetime. On average, natural menopause occurs at 51 years of age. However, some women report an earlier age of menopause than the national average. This can be problematic for women who delay starting a family. Moreover, early onset of menopause is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, depression, osteoporosis, and premature death. This review investigates associations between exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and earlier onset of menopause. RECENT FINDINGS Recent data suggest exposure to certain EDCs may accelerate reproductive aging and contribute to earlier onset of menopause. Human and rodent-based studies identify positive associations between exposure to certain EDCs/environmental contaminants and reproductive aging, earlier onset of menopause, and occurrence of vasomotor symptoms. These findings increase our understanding of the detrimental effects of EDCs on female reproduction and will help lead to the development of strategies for the treatment/prevention of EDC-induced reproductive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison M Neff
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Avenue, 3223 Vet Med Basic Sciences Bldg, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA
| | - Mary J Laws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Avenue, 3223 Vet Med Basic Sciences Bldg, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA
| | - Genoa R Warner
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Avenue, 3223 Vet Med Basic Sciences Bldg, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Avenue, 3223 Vet Med Basic Sciences Bldg, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA.
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7
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Multimodal Care for Headaches, Lumbopelvic Pain, and Dysmenorrhea in a Woman With Endometriosis: A Case Report. J Chiropr Med 2022; 20:148-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcm.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Miyazaki K, Kaneko M, Narukawa M. Factors associated with high placebo response in clinical studies of hot flashes: a meta-analysis. Menopause 2021; 29:239-246. [PMID: 35084377 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE High placebo response can often mask the evaluation of active treatment in clinical studies for women with hot flashes and potentially undermine the evaluation of new treatments. OBJECTIVE The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the factors associated with high placebo response (defined as the reduction in the mean number of hot flash frequency from baseline) in randomized, controlled, double-blind studies enrolling women with hot flashes. EVIDENCE REVIEW To identify eligible studies, Embase, MEDLINE, and BIOSIS Previews were searched for English-language articles published between April 1975 and August 2020. Placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized studies that assessed changes in hot flash frequency were included if they satisfied the defined criteria. We conducted univariate and multivariate analyses using categorical and numerical data. Categorical data included the following variables and levels in brackets: active treatment type (hormone therapy /non- hormone therapy /complementary and alternative medicine), administration route (oral/non-oral), study region (in/excluded the US), breast cancer population (in/excluded), entry criteria of hot flash severity (moderate to severe only/all included), parallel or crossover study, placebo run-in period before treatment (yes/no), and menopausal status (postmenopausal only/include perimenopausal/include premenopausal). Numerical data included published year, pretreatment period duration, treatment period duration, number of sites, number of total participants, number of placebo participants, number of treatment arms, mean age, BMI, and hot flash frequency at baseline. FINDINGS Forty-three of the 802 identified publications were included in the review. Multivariate analysis identified three individual factors associated with high placebo response: treatment period duration, number of treatment arms, and BMI. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE We identified several factors associated with high placebo response in clinical studies of women with hot flashes. Knowing these factors may enable proactive implementation of operational and analytic strategies that further aid in determining the true treatment effect of an intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Miyazaki
- Department of Clinical Medicine (Pharmaceutical Medicine), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
- Astellas Pharma Inc, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kaneko
- Department of Hospital Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mamoru Narukawa
- Department of Clinical Medicine (Pharmaceutical Medicine), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
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Trius-Soler M, Marhuenda-Muñoz M, Laveriano-Santos EP, Martínez-Huélamo M, Sasot G, Storniolo CE, Estruch R, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Tresserra-Rimbau A. Moderate Consumption of Beer (with and without Ethanol) and Menopausal Symptoms: Results from a Parallel Clinical Trial in Postmenopausal Women. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072278. [PMID: 34209273 PMCID: PMC8308431 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The menopausal transition can be a challenging period for women’s health and a trigger of uncomfortable symptoms. Beer is the main food source of isoxanthohumol, a precursor of 8-prenylnaringenin, the strongest phytoestrogen identified to date. As phytoestrogens are reported to reduce perimenopausal symptoms, we evaluated if a daily moderate consumption of beer with (AB) and without alcohol (NAB) could improve menopausal symptoms and modify cardiovascular risk factors. A total of 37 postmenopausal women were enrolled in a parallel controlled intervention trial and assigned to three study groups: 16 were administered AB (330 mL/day), 7 NAB (660 mL/day), and 14 were in the control group. After a 6-month follow-up of the 34 participants who finished the trial, both interventions (AB and NAB) significantly reduced the severity of the menopause-related symptoms (p-value AB vs. Control: 0.009; p-value NAB vs. Control: 0.033). Moreover, AB had a beneficial net effect on psychological menopausal discomforts compared to the control group. As the sex hormone profile did not differ significantly between the study groups, the effects of both types of beers (AB and NAB) are attributed to the non-alcoholic fraction of beer. Furthermore, moderate NAB consumption improved the lipid profile and decreased blood pressure in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Trius-Soler
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.T.-S.); (M.M.-M.); (E.P.L.-S.); (M.M.-H.); (G.S.); (C.E.S.)
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Marhuenda-Muñoz
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.T.-S.); (M.M.-M.); (E.P.L.-S.); (M.M.-H.); (G.S.); (C.E.S.)
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Emily P. Laveriano-Santos
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.T.-S.); (M.M.-M.); (E.P.L.-S.); (M.M.-H.); (G.S.); (C.E.S.)
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
| | - Miriam Martínez-Huélamo
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.T.-S.); (M.M.-M.); (E.P.L.-S.); (M.M.-H.); (G.S.); (C.E.S.)
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
| | - Gemma Sasot
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.T.-S.); (M.M.-M.); (E.P.L.-S.); (M.M.-H.); (G.S.); (C.E.S.)
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
| | - Carolina E. Storniolo
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.T.-S.); (M.M.-M.); (E.P.L.-S.); (M.M.-H.); (G.S.); (C.E.S.)
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.T.-S.); (M.M.-M.); (E.P.L.-S.); (M.M.-H.); (G.S.); (C.E.S.)
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (R.M.L.-R.); (A.T.-R.); Tel.: +34-934-034-843 (R.M.L.-R. & A.T.-R.)
| | - Anna Tresserra-Rimbau
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.T.-S.); (M.M.-M.); (E.P.L.-S.); (M.M.-H.); (G.S.); (C.E.S.)
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (R.M.L.-R.); (A.T.-R.); Tel.: +34-934-034-843 (R.M.L.-R. & A.T.-R.)
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10
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Warner GR, Pacyga DC, Strakovsky RS, Smith R, James-Todd T, Williams PL, Hauser R, Meling DD, Li Z, Flaws JA. Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and hot flashes in women from an urban convenience sample of midlife women. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:110891. [PMID: 33722529 PMCID: PMC8187273 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Phthalate exposure is associated with altered reproductive function, but little is known about associations of phthalate exposure with risk of hot flashes. OBJECTIVE To investigate associations of urinary phthalate metabolite levels with four hot flash outcomes in midlife women. DESIGN A cross-sectional study of the first year of a prospective cohort of midlife women, the Midlife Women's Health Study (2006-2015), a convenience sample from an urban setting. PARTICIPANTS 728 multi-racial/ethnic pre- and perimenopausal women aged 45-54 years. OUTCOME MEASURES Women completed questionnaires about hot flash experience and provided 1-4 urine samples over four consecutive weeks that were pooled for analysis. Phthalate metabolites were assessed individually and as molar sums representative of common compounds (all phthalates: ƩPhthalates; DEHP: ƩDEHP), exposure sources (plastics: ƩPlastic; personal care products: ƩPCP), and modes of action (anti-androgenic: ƩAA). Covariate-adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess associations of continuous natural log-transformed phthalate metabolite concentrations with hot flash outcomes. Analyses were conducted to explore whether associations differed by menopause status, body mass index (BMI), race/ethnicity, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Overall, 45% of women reported a history of hot flashes. Compared to women who never experienced hot flashes, every two-fold increase in ƩPlastic was associated with 18% (OR: 1.18; 95%CI: 0.98, 1.43) and 38% (OR: 1.38; 95%CI: 1.11, 1.70) higher odds of experiencing hot flashes in the past 30 days and experiencing daily/weekly hot flashes, respectively. Some associations of phthalates with certain hot flash outcomes differed by menopause status, BMI, race/ethnicity, and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that phthalates are associated with hot flash experience and may impact hot flash risk in women who are susceptible to experiencing hot flashes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genoa R Warner
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA
| | - Diana C Pacyga
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Rita S Strakovsky
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Rebecca Smith
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA
| | - Tamarra James-Todd
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Paige L Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Daryl D Meling
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA
| | - Zhong Li
- Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA; Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA.
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11
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Jaeger MDB, Miná CS, Alves S, Schuh GJ, Wender MC, Manfro GG. Negative affect symptoms, anxiety sensitivity, and vasomotor symptoms during perimenopause. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PSIQUIATRIA (SAO PAULO, BRAZIL : 1999) 2021; 43:277-284. [PMID: 33053044 PMCID: PMC8136388 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vasomotor symptoms affect 60-80% of women during the menopausal transition. Anxiety, depression, and anxiety sensitivity can have an important role in the distressful experience of vasomotor symptoms. Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence and association of vasomotor and negative affect symptoms. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 89 perimenopausal women aged 45-55 years. Broad psychiatric and clinical evaluations were carried out. The primary outcome was the vasomotor symptom problem rating and the main study factor was anxiety sensitivity. Linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations between the study factors and the primary outcome, and a multiple regression model was created to assess which variables were independently associated with vasomotor symptom problem rating. RESULTS The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and vasomotor symptoms were 58, 62, and 73%, respectively. Negative affect symptoms were positively associated with vasomotor symptom problem rating. The association of anxiety sensitivity and vasomotor symptom problem rating remained significant after controlling for perimenopausal stage, thyrotropin, follicle-stimulating hormone levels, and psychotropic medication use (β = 0.314, p = 0.002). CONCLUSION A better understanding of the experience of vasomotor symptoms is needed, especially the role of negative affect symptoms and anxiety sensitivity. New strategies focusing on related thoughts and behaviors could improve the quality of life of perimenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna de B. Jaeger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila S. Miná
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sofia Alves
- Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Maria C. Wender
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gisele G. Manfro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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12
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Crandall CJ, Diamant AL, Maglione M, Thurston RC, Sinsheimer J. Genetic Variation and Hot Flashes: A Systematic Review. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:dgaa536. [PMID: 32797194 PMCID: PMC7538102 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Approximately 70% of women report experiencing vasomotor symptoms (VMS, hot flashes and/or night sweats). The etiology of VMS is not clearly understood but may include genetic factors. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We searched PubMed and Embase in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidance. We included studies on associations between genetic variation and VMS. We excluded studies focused on medication interventions or prevention or treatment of breast cancer. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Of 202 unique citations, 18 citations met the inclusion criteria. Study sample sizes ranged from 51 to 17 695. Eleven of the 18 studies had fewer than 500 participants; 2 studies had 1000 or more. Overall, statistically significant associations with VMS were found for variants in 14 of the 26 genes assessed in candidate gene studies. The cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 (CYP1B1) gene was the focus of the largest number (n = 7) of studies, but strength and statistical significance of associations of CYP1B1 variants with VMS were inconsistent. A genome-wide association study reported statistically significant associations between 14 single-nucleotide variants in the tachykinin receptor 3 gene and VMS. Heterogeneity across trials regarding VMS measurement methods and effect measures precluded quantitative meta-analysis; there were few studies of each specific genetic variant. CONCLUSIONS Genetic variants are associated with VMS. The associations are not limited to variations in sex-steroid metabolism genes. However, studies were few and future studies are needed to confirm and extend these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn J Crandall
- David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Allison L Diamant
- David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Rebecca C Thurston
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine & Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Janet Sinsheimer
- David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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13
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Kim GD, Chun H, Doo M. Associations Among BMI, Dietary Macronutrient Consumption, and Climacteric Symptoms in Korean Menopausal Women. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12040945. [PMID: 32235325 PMCID: PMC7230980 DOI: 10.3390/nu12040945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many postmenopausal women individually experience varying degrees of climacteric symptoms. Among the many influencing factors, body weight and diet are recognized as important contributors to the incidence and severity of these symptoms. This study was performed to investigate the interaction effect of BMI (body mass index) and dietary consumption on the risk of climacteric symptoms among Korean women. Approximately half of the subjects (48.8%) experienced climacteric symptoms. After adjusting for the covariates, the subjects who are overweight or obese showed significantly greater total scores of climacteric symptoms (p = 0.010) and subscales of symptoms (p = 0.027 for physical climacteric symptoms and p = 0.007 for psychological climacteric symptoms), except for urogenital climacteric symptoms (p = 0.085), than those subjects at a normal weight. When subjects were divided into groups according to dietary macronutrient consumption, those who are overweight or obese were 2.84-fold (adjusted odds ratio, 95% CI = 1.18-6.80, p = 0.019) more likely to experience climacteric symptoms than those at a normal weight among the subjects with high fat consumption. However, the BMI category did not affect the adjusted odds ratio for experiencing climacteric symptoms among subjects who consumed a low-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Dae Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyungnam University, Kyungnamdaehak-ro 7, Changwon, Gyeongnam 51767, Korea;
| | - Hyejin Chun
- Department of Family Medicine, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Yatap-ro 59, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13496, Korea;
| | - Miae Doo
- Department of Food and nutrition, Kunsan National University, Daehak-ro 558, Gunsan, Jeonbuk 54150, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-469-4631; Fax: +82-63-469-2085
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14
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Costanian C, Zangiabadi S, Bahous SA, Deonandan R, Tamim H. Reviewing the evidence on vasomotor symptoms: the role of traditional and non-traditional factors. Climacteric 2020; 23:213-223. [DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2019.1711051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Costanian
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - S. Zangiabadi
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S. A. Bahous
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - R. Deonandan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - H. Tamim
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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15
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Gardini ES, Fiacco S, Mernone L, Ehlert U. Sleep and Methylation of Estrogen Receptor Genes, ESR1 and GPER, in Healthy Middle-Aged and Older Women: Findings from the Women 40+ Healthy Aging Study. Nat Sci Sleep 2020; 12:525-536. [PMID: 32801978 PMCID: PMC7394583 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s256102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep problems in middle-aged and older women are very common and have been associated with menopause-related changes in estrogen levels. However, not all women experience sleep problems as they enter perimenopause, and epigenetic mechanisms might contribute to the differences in sleep quality within this population. In this study, we hypothesized that increased methylation of two estrogen receptor (ER) genes (ESR1 and GPER) would be associated with increased sleep problems in healthy pre-, peri-, and postmenopausal women, either directly or indirectly through the experience of vasomotor symptoms (VMS). MATERIALS AND METHODS In 130 healthy women aged 40-73 years, we assessed DNA methylation from dried blood spots (DBS). Women rated their sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and VMS using the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). RESULTS Higher percentage methylation of ESR1 was associated with increased sleep problems, mediated by VMS, even after controlling for age, menopausal status, body mass index, estradiol levels, depressive symptoms, and caffeine consumption. There was no significant association between GPER methylation and either sleep problems or VMS. CONCLUSION The study findings support an association between increased ESR1 methylation and sleep problems through increased VMS among healthy women aged 40-73 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena S Gardini
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Serena Fiacco
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Mernone
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Ehlert
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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16
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Understanding the complex relationships underlying hot flashes: a Bayesian network approach. Menopause 2019; 25:182-190. [PMID: 28763402 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mechanism underlying hot flashes is not well-understood, primarily because of complex relationships between and among hot flashes and their risk factors. METHODS We explored those relationships using a Bayesian network approach based on a 2006 to 2015 cohort study of hot flashes among 776 female residents, 45 to 54 years old, in the Baltimore area. Bayesian networks were fit for each outcome (current hot flashes, hot flashes before the end of the study, hot flash severity, hot flash frequency, and age at first hot flashes) separately and together with a list of risk factors (estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, body mass index and obesity, race, income level, education level, smoking history, drinking history, and activity level). Each fitting was conducted separately on all women and only perimenopausal women, at enrollment and 4 years after enrollment. RESULTS Hormone levels, almost always interrelated, were the most common variable linked to hot flashes; hormone levels were sometimes related to body mass index, but were not directly related to any other risk factors. Smoking was also frequently associated with increased likelihood of severe symptoms, but not through an antiestrogenic pathway. The age at first hot flashes was related only to race. All other factors were either not related to outcomes or were mediated entirely by race, hormone levels, or smoking. CONCLUSIONS These models can serve as a guide for design of studies into the causal network underlying hot flashes.
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17
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Chiang C, Gallicchio L, Zacur H, Miller S, Flaws JA, Smith RL. Hormone variability and hot flash experience: Results from the midlife women's health study. Maturitas 2019; 119:1-7. [PMID: 30502745 PMCID: PMC6289582 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hot flashes are believed to be related to hormonal changes. However, the relationship between hormonal fluctuations and hot flashes has not been studied. The objective of this study is to determine hormone measurement summaries that best explain the incidence of hot flashes in midlife women. STUDY DESIGN In a cohort study of 798 midlife women over 1-7 years, women provided 4 weekly blood samples annually and completed a survey detailing life history, ongoing behaviors, and menopausal symptoms. Estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone were measured in all serum samples. Annual summary variables of each hormone were median, mean, maximum, minimum, variance, and range. The association of these values with hot flashes was assessed using multivariable logistic regression and Bayesian network analysis, controlling for smoking history and menopausal status. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Hot flash incidence, severity, and frequency. RESULTS For most outcomes, the best-fit model included progesterone variability; increased progesterone variance or range was correlated with decreased hot flash frequency (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.74-0.91) and severity (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.77-0.88). In the Bayesian network model, the maximum estradiol value was negatively correlated with many outcomes (OR for hot flashes = 0.68). Relationships between progesterone variability, maximum estradiol level, maximum progesterone level, and hot flashes indicate that the effects of progesterone variance on hot flash outcomes are likely mediated through progesterone's relationship with maximum estradiol level. CONCLUSIONS Variability of progesterone, as opposed to mean values, should be used as an indicator of risk of hot flashes in midlife women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catheryne Chiang
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, 2001 S. Lincoln Ave, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Lisa Gallicchio
- Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 9000, Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Howard Zacur
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sue Miller
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, 2001 S. Lincoln Ave, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Rebecca L Smith
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, 2001 S. Lincoln Ave, Urbana, IL, USA.
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18
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Ziv-Gal A, Smith RL, Gallicchio L, Miller SR, Zacur HA, Flaws JA. The Midlife Women’s Health Study – a study protocol of a longitudinal prospective study on predictors of menopausal hot flashes. Womens Midlife Health 2017; 3:4. [PMID: 30766705 PMCID: PMC6300019 DOI: 10.1186/s40695-017-0024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Midlife Women’s Health Study (MWHS) was developed to address some of the gaps in knowledge regarding risk factors for hot flashes among generally healthy midlife women during their menopausal transition. This manuscript describes the methods from the study and the main findings that were published to date, with a focus on predictors of hot flashes. This study was initially funded to test the hypothesis that obesity is associated with an increased risk of hot flashes through mechanisms that involve ovarian failure, altered sex steroid hormone levels, and selected genetic polymorphisms. Methods/Design The MWHS was conducted between 2006 and 2015 as a prospective longitudinal population-based study of generally healthy midlife women (ages 45 to 54 years) during their natural menopausal transition. Women were eligible if they had intact uteri and both ovaries and reported having at least 3 menstrual periods in the last 12 months. Exclusion criteria included pregnancy, cancer, and use of hormonal/hormone-like supplements. Overall, 780 women were recruited into the study. The majority of study participants were followed for 4 to 7 years. At annual visits, women donated blood and urine samples, completed questionnaires, had a vaginal ultrasound, and had their anthropometric measurements taken. Discussion Several risk factors for menopausal hot flashes were identified or confirmed, including older age, perimenopausal status, current and former cigarette smoking, lower estradiol levels, lower progesterone levels, black race, and depressive symptoms. Factors that were associated with decreased odds of hot flashes included moderate alcohol consumption and more than 5 years of cessation of cigarette smoking. Body mass index was not associated with hot flashes. The MWHS has provided important information regarding hot flashes. The study methods are rigorous and can be easily adopted by research groups investigating naturally occurring menopausal hot flashes.
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19
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Beer Polyphenols and Menopause: Effects and Mechanisms-A Review of Current Knowledge. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:4749131. [PMID: 28904736 PMCID: PMC5585550 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4749131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Beer is one of the most frequently consumed fermented beverages in the world, and it has been part of the human diet for thousands of years. Scientific evidence obtained from the development of new techniques of food analysis over the last two decades suggests that polyphenol intake derived from moderate beer consumption may play a positive role in different health outcomes including osteoporosis and cardiovascular risk and the relief of vasomotor symptoms, which are commonly experienced during menopause and are an important reason why women seek medical care during this period; here, we review the current knowledge regarding moderate beer consumption and its possible effects on menopausal symptoms. The effect of polyphenol intake on vasomotor symptoms in menopause may be driven by the direct interaction of the phenolic compounds present in beer, such as 8-prenylnaringenin, 6-prenylnaringenin, and isoxanthohumol, with intracellular estrogen receptors that leads to the modulation of gene expression, increase in sex hormone plasma concentrations, and thus modulation of physiological hormone imbalance in menopausal women. Since traditional hormone replacement therapies increase health risks, alternative, safer treatment options are needed to alleviate menopausal symptoms in women. The present work aims to review the current data on this subject.
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20
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Donaldson EK, Huang V, Ross S, Sydora BC. Experience of menopause in women with inflammatory bowel disease: pilot study. Climacteric 2017; 20:545-551. [DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2017.1360861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Kaley Donaldson
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - V. Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - S. Ross
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - B. C. Sydora
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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21
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Bitto A, Arcoraci V, Alibrandi A, D'Anna R, Corrado F, Atteritano M, Minutoli L, Altavilla D, Squadrito F. Visfatin correlates with hot flashes in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome: effects of genistein. Endocrine 2017; 55:899-906. [PMID: 27126198 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0968-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
During menopause, an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and central obesity seems to increase hot flashes (HFs). Visfatin is an inflammatory adipokine secreted by visceral fat. We investigated visfatin levels and its relationship with hot flash number and BMI, in postmenopausal women with MetS. We also evaluated the effect of genistein, an isoflavone effective in reducing HFs, on visfatin levels and HFs after 1 year of treatment. This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Postmenopausal women with MetS were randomly assigned to receive placebo (n = 60) or 54 mg genistein (n = 60), daily for 1 year. As main outcome measures, hot flashes number and circulating visfatin levels were evaluated. Visfatin significantly correlated with BMI and HFs number in women with MetS at basal. After 6 and 12 months, our results indicate a strong correlation and a significant effect of genistein in reducing both HFs and visfatin in women with MetS. The present study suggests that visfatin plays a role in the vasomotor symptoms, at least in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome. Genistein may reduce HFs decreasing the circulating levels of this inflammatory adipokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Bitto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Torre Biologica 5th Floor, c/o AOU Policlinico G. Martino, Via C. Valeria Gazzi, 98125, Messina, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Arcoraci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Torre Biologica 5th Floor, c/o AOU Policlinico G. Martino, Via C. Valeria Gazzi, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Alibrandi
- Department of Economical Business and Environmental Sciences and Quantitative Methods, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosario D'Anna
- Department of Paediatric Gynaecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Corrado
- Department of Paediatric Gynaecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Atteritano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Torre Biologica 5th Floor, c/o AOU Policlinico G. Martino, Via C. Valeria Gazzi, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Letteria Minutoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Torre Biologica 5th Floor, c/o AOU Policlinico G. Martino, Via C. Valeria Gazzi, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Domenica Altavilla
- Department of Paediatric Gynaecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Torre Biologica 5th Floor, c/o AOU Policlinico G. Martino, Via C. Valeria Gazzi, 98125, Messina, Italy
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Radzinskii VE, Kuznetsova IV, Uspenskaya YB, Repina NB, Gusak YK, Zubova OM, Burchakov DI, Osmakova AA. Treatment of climacteric symptoms with an ammonium succinate-based dietary supplement: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Gynecol Endocrinol 2016; 32:64-68. [PMID: 27759458 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2016.1232686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Peri- and postmenopausal women commonly suffer from climacteric symptoms. We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of dietary supplement Amberen to relieve vasomotor and psychosomatic symptoms during the course of a 3-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. General clinical assessment, evaluation using the Greene climacteric test and Spielberger-Hanin test, determination of plasma levels of gonadotropins, estradiol, leptin and apolipoproteins were used to evaluate 42-60-year-old women with vasomotor and psychosomatic menopausal symptoms. One hundred and twenty-five women were enrolled in the study and randomized between two groups. Based on the Greene test results, there was a statistically significant improvement (р < 0.05) in 13 out of 21 menopausal symptoms in women who took Amberen. During the course and by the end of the study, patients showed statistically significant changes in the levels of estradiol, gonadotropins and leptin, and decreases in body weight and waist circumference. Spielberger-Hanin test showed that Amberen stabilizes patients' psychological state with a statistically significant decrease in anxiety, increased stress resistance and improved adaptability. Comparative analysis of the vital signs measurements, blood tests and urinalysis did not show any negative effects of Amberen on the patients. Our findings indicate that Amberen can be considered a method of choice to relief mild/moderate climacteric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- V E Radzinskii
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Medical Institute , Moscow , Russia
| | - I V Kuznetsova
- b Women's Health Research Institute, Research Center, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University , Moscow , Russia
| | - Y B Uspenskaya
- b Women's Health Research Institute, Research Center, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University , Moscow , Russia
| | - N B Repina
- c Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Ryazan State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov , Ryazan , Russia , and
| | - Y K Gusak
- c Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Ryazan State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov , Ryazan , Russia , and
| | - O M Zubova
- d Department of Therapy , M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow , Russia
| | - D I Burchakov
- b Women's Health Research Institute, Research Center, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University , Moscow , Russia
| | - A A Osmakova
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Medical Institute , Moscow , Russia
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Hot flushes and night sweats symptom profiles over a 17-year period in mid-aged women: The role of hysterectomy with ovarian conservation. Maturitas 2016; 91:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Risk factors for hot flashes among women undergoing the menopausal transition: baseline results from the Midlife Women's Health Study. Menopause 2016; 22:1098-107. [PMID: 25783472 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the associations of demographic characteristics, health behaviors, and hormone concentrations with the experience of any, current, more severe, and more frequent midlife hot flashes. METHODS Baseline data from 732 women aged 45 to 54 years who were enrolled in the Midlife Women's Health Study were analyzed. A clinic visit was conducted to collect blood samples for hormone assays and to measure ovarian volume using transvaginal ultrasound. A self-administered questionnaire ascertained information on demographic factors, health habits, and hot flash history. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to examine associations between potential risk factors and hot flash outcomes. RESULTS Approximately 45% of participants reported experiencing midlife hot flashes. In covariate-adjusted models, older age, perimenopause status, current and past cigarette smoking, and depressive symptoms were significantly associated with increased odds of all of the hot flash outcomes. In addition, history of oral contraceptive use was associated with increased odds of any hot flashes. In contrast, higher current alcohol intake was significantly associated with decreased odds of any, current, and more severe hot flashes. Higher estradiol and progesterone concentrations were significantly associated with decreased odds of all hot flash outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Although the temporality of such associations is not known because of the cross-sectional nature of the data, these observed relationships can help to identify women at risk for hot flashes.
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Smith RL, Gallicchio L, Miller SR, Zacur HA, Flaws JA. Risk Factors for Extended Duration and Timing of Peak Severity of Hot Flashes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155079. [PMID: 27149066 PMCID: PMC4858155 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors associated with the duration of hot flashes and the time of peak hot flash severity in mid-life women. METHODS A cohort of 647 women reporting hot flashes were followed for 1-7 years, with survey data and hormone measurements. Survival analysis determined the association of risk factors with the duration of hot flashes. Linear regression determined the association of risk factors with the time of peak severity. Final models were determined through stepwise model selection. RESULTS Average hot flash duration was 2.5 years (range: 1-33), with peak severity on average at 2.96 years (range: 1-20). Duration of hot flashes was associated with race, education, menopause status, smoking history, BMI, alcohol consumption, leisure activity levels, and levels of estradiol and progesterone. In the final model, only race, alcohol consumption, leisure activity, and menopause were retained. White women had significantly shorter hot flash durations than non-white women. Women consuming at least 12 alcoholic drinks in the previous year had a significantly shorter duration of hot flashes with a smaller effect of hot flash duration on increasing in time to peak severity compared to those who consumed less than 12 alcoholic drinks in that year. Higher serum progesterone levels were associated with later peak severity if the duration of the hot flashes was less than 2 years and an earlier peak severity otherwise. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that some behaviors (such as moderate alcohol consumption) are associated with shorter durations of hot flashes, and that progesterone was associated with the dynamics of hot flash severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Lee Smith
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Lisa Gallicchio
- The Prevention and Research Center, The Weinberg Center for Women’s Health and Medicine, Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Susan R. Miller
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Howard A. Zacur
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jodi A. Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine, University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
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Phthalate metabolite levels and menopausal hot flashes in midlife women. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 60:76-81. [PMID: 26867866 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
During the menopausal transition, a woman's reproductive capacity declines, her hormone milieu changes, and her risk of hot flashes increases. Exposure to phthalates, which can be found in personal care products, can also result in altered reproductive function. Here, we investigated the associations between phthalate metabolite levels and midlife hot flashes. Eligible women (45-54 years of age) provided detailed information on hot flashes history and donated urine samples (n=195). Urinary phthalate metabolite levels were measured by HPLC-MS/MS. A higher total sum of phthalate metabolites commonly found in personal care products was associated with an increased risk of ever experiencing hot flashes (odds ratio (OR)=1.45; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.07-1.96), hot flashes in the past 30days (OR=1.43; 95%CI=1.04-1.96), and more frequent hot flashes (OR=1.47; 95%CI=1.06-2.05). These data suggest that some phthalate exposures from personal care products are associated with menopausal hot flashes in women.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association between minor psychiatric disorders and menopause symptoms and their associated factors. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 615 women aged 40 to 65 years treated in a public menopause and gynecological outpatient clinic in the South Region of Brazil. Minor psychiatric disorders were assessed using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and menopause symptoms using the Menopause Rating Scale. Score for menopause symptoms was categorized into three levels of symptoms: mild, moderate, and severe. Multivariate analyses used ordinal logistic regression. RESULTS The prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe menopause symptoms was 34.1% (95% CI 30.3-37.9), 29.6% (95% CI 25.8-33.1), and 36.3% (95% CI 32.4-40.0), respectively. The overall prevalence of minor psychiatric disorders was 66.6% (95% CI 62.8-70.3). After adjustment, the odds ratio (OR) of the occurrence of menopause symptoms were approximately eight times higher in women relating minor psychiatric disorders compared with those without such disorders (OR = 7.76; 95% CI 5.27-11.44). The following factors were also associated with the menopause symptoms: women older than 50 years, living with a partner, lower educational level, smokers, larger number of pregnancies, obese, and those using psychotropic and/or postmenopause medication. CONCLUSIONS The minor psychiatric disorders exhibited strong association with the presence of menopause symptoms independently of sociodemographic, behavioral, and reproductive factors, and of use of psychotropic medication.
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Goughnour SL, Thurston RC, Althouse AD, Freese KE, Edwards RP, Hamad GG, McCloskey C, Ramanathan R, Bovbjerg DH, Linkov F. Assessment of hot flushes and vaginal dryness among obese women undergoing bariatric surgery. Climacteric 2015; 19:71-6. [PMID: 26555182 DOI: 10.3109/13697137.2015.1094782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Menopausal symptoms are associated with a negative impact on the quality of life, leading women to seek medical treatment. Obesity has been linked to higher levels of menopausal symptoms such as hot flushes. This assessment will explore whether the prevalence and bother of hot flushes and vaginal dryness change from pre- to post-bariatric surgery among obese midlife women. METHODS This study is a longitudinal analysis of data from 69 women (ages 35-72 years) undergoing bariatric surgery with reported reproductive histories and menopausal symptoms at preoperative and 6-month postoperative visits. Prevalence of and degree of bother of hot flushes and vaginal dryness at pre- and post-surgery were compared using McNemar's test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. RESULTS The reported degree of bother of symptoms associated with hot flushes decreased from pre- to post-surgery (p < 0.01). There was no significant change in the prevalence of hot flushes or vaginal dryness in the overall study sample. CONCLUSIONS The degree of bother of symptoms associated with hot flushes among midlife women may decrease after bariatric surgery. These results highlight important secondary gains, including less bothersome menopausal symptoms, for women who choose bariatric surgery for weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Goughnour
- a Magee-Women's Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, PA , USA
| | - R C Thurston
- b Department of Epidemiology , University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health , PA , USA ;,c Department of Psychiatry , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, PA , USA
| | - A D Althouse
- a Magee-Women's Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, PA , USA
| | - K E Freese
- b Department of Epidemiology , University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health , PA , USA
| | - R P Edwards
- a Magee-Women's Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, PA , USA
| | - G G Hamad
- d Minimally Invasive Bariatric & General Surgery , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA , USA
| | - C McCloskey
- d Minimally Invasive Bariatric & General Surgery , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA , USA
| | - R Ramanathan
- d Minimally Invasive Bariatric & General Surgery , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA , USA
| | - D H Bovbjerg
- c Department of Psychiatry , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, PA , USA ;,e Biobehavioral Medicine in Oncology Program , University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute , Pittsburgh, PA , USA
| | - F Linkov
- a Magee-Women's Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, PA , USA ;,b Department of Epidemiology , University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health , PA , USA
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Montasser ME, Ziv-Gal A, Brown JP, Flaws JA, Merchenthaler I. A potentially functional variant in the serotonin transporter gene is associated with premenopausal and perimenopausal hot flashes. Menopause 2015; 22:108-13. [PMID: 25026114 PMCID: PMC4270913 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An increase in the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and/or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) to relieve menopausal hot flashes (HFs) has been observed recently. However, response to them has been heterogeneous. We hypothesized that this heterogeneity might be partially attributed to genetic variations in genes encoding the serotonin and/or norepinephrine transporters (SLC6A4 and SLC6A2). As a first step in testing the role of genetics in response to SSRIs/SNRIs, we examined the association between HFs and genetic variants within these two genes. METHODS We tested 29 haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms within SLC6A4 and SLC6A2 for their association with HFs separately for European-American (396 cases and 392 controls) and African-American (125 cases and 81 controls) premenopausal and perimenopausal women. RESULTS We found that the minor allele of SLC6A4_rs11080121 was associated with protection against HFs (odds ratio, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.60-0.94) only in European-American women. Bioinformatics analyses indicated that rs11080121 is fully correlated with rs1042173 in the 3' untranslated region of SLC6A4. The minor allele of rs1042173 seems to disrupt a conserved binding site for hsa-miR-590-3p microRNA. CONCLUSIONS Disruption of a microRNA binding site leads to higher expression of SLC6A4, higher expression of SLC6A4 leads to depletion of serotonin in synaptic clefts, and depletion of serotonin triggers the presynaptic autoreceptor feedback mechanism to produce more serotonin, which is protective against HFs. This is the first study to test the association between HFs in both European-American and African-American premenopausal and perimenopausal women and genetic variants in two neurotransmitter transporter genes, SLC6A2 and SLC6A4. This information can be used in tailoring the pharmaceutical use of SSRIs/SNRIs for HF relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- May E Montasser
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ayelet Ziv-Gal
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - Jessica P Brown
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - Istvan Merchenthaler
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Ye X, Yao Z, Xu Y, Zhou S, Gao Y, Chen S, Yang Y. Frequency-risk and duration-risk relations between second-hand smoke exposure and menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women in Guangzhou, China. Climacteric 2014; 18:323-8. [DOI: 10.3109/13697137.2014.964672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Rubinstein H. Defining what is normal at menopause: how women's and clinician's different understandings may lead to a lack of provision for those in most need. HUM FERTIL 2014; 17:218-22. [PMID: 24989874 DOI: 10.3109/14647273.2014.929184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Many aspects of women's reproductive life have fallen under the medical gaze and the end of women's fertility has been no exception. For several years hormone therapy (HT) was considered the best solution for menopause symptoms and in some countries more than 50% of eligible women were prescribed oestrogen. Clinicians were accused of 'medicalising the normal' by applying the biomedical model to a natural lifestage and thus defining menopause as an illness which deviates from biological normality. The purpose of this paper is to review what women and their clinicians 'know' about menopause, and what happens when these two different types of knowledge collide. In the last decade, menopause has been demedicalised, partly because of criticism from feminist researchers, partly due to the publication of major studies indicating elevated risk of breast and ovarian cancers and venous thromboembolisms and, partly because neither physicians nor women experiencing menopause know what constitutes normality. The combined result has been that many clinicians have been cautious about prescribing drugs to treat problematic symptoms. This raises the concern that demedicalisation of menopause may have gone too far, leaving the 20-30% of women who experience distressing symptoms without adequate help or relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Rubinstein
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Research, University College London , UK
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Ziv-Gal A, Gallicchio L, Miller SR, Zacur HA, Flaws JA. Genetic polymorphisms in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway as potential risk factors of menopausal hot flashes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 207:202.e9-202.e18. [PMID: 22840970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to determine if genetic polymorphisms in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway are associated with menopausal hot flashes via hormone levels. STUDY DESIGN Women (n = 639) aged 45-54 years completed a study survey and provided blood for genetic and hormone analyses. The associations were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression and generalized linear models. RESULTS Women carrying CYP1B1 (rs1800440) GG genotype had 3-fold greater odds of experiencing hot flashes for ≥1 year compared to the AA genotype (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-8.25). Adding serum estradiol concentrations to the confounder-adjusted model resulted in a nonsignificant association (adjusted OR, 2.59; 95% CI, 0.91-7.18). Carriers of both CYP1B1 (rs1800440) G and CYP1B1 (rs1058636) G alleles had higher odds of experiencing hot flashes for ≥1 year compared to women homozygous for the major alleles (adjusted OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.06-2.96), even after adjustment for serum estradiol. CONCLUSION CYP1B1 is associated with menopausal hot flashes via pathways that may involve changes in serum estradiol concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet Ziv-Gal
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA
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Hunter MS, Gentry-Maharaj A, Ryan A, Burnell M, Lanceley A, Fraser L, Jacobs I, Menon U. Prevalence, frequency and problem rating of hot flushes persist in older postmenopausal women: impact of age, body mass index, hysterectomy, hormone therapy use, lifestyle and mood in a cross-sectional cohort study of 10,418 British women aged 54-65. BJOG 2011; 119:40-50. [PMID: 22008610 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2011.03166.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hot flushes and night sweats (HFs/NSs) are the main menopausal symptoms, but few studies have been adequately powered to examine the dimensions or predictors of experiencing HFs/NSs. We report on these variables in a large UK cohort of postmenopausal women. DESIGN Cross-sectional cohort study. SETTING UK Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS) cohort. POPULATION A cohort of 202,638 postmenopausal women, aged 50-74 years, without oophorectomy, recruited to UKCTOCS between 2001 and 2005. METHODS Women completed a follow-up questionnaire, and those aged 54-65 years were mailed a survey in July 2008. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Hot flush prevalence and hot flush rating scale. RESULTS Of the 15,000 women mailed, 10,418 returned completed questionnaires; 90% had previously had HFs/NSs. Despite being on average 10 years postmenopausal, 54% experienced HFs/NSs (frequency of 33 per week with mean problem rating 4/10) that persisted across the age range. Past hysterectomy (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.19-1.86), ever having smoked (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.11-1.46) and alcohol consumption (current units) (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.09) predicted ever having had HFs/NSs. Anxiety (OR 3.09, 95% CI 2.57-3.72), hysterectomy (OR 2.74, 95% CI 2.32-3.25), depressed mood (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.24-1.99), years since last menstrual period (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.94-0.96) and education (above and below 18 years) (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97-0.99) predicted the current prevalence of HFs/NSs. Few predictors of frequency were identified, but problem rating was associated with depressed mood, hysterectomy, skirt size increase and frequency of HFs/NSs. Past hormone therapy users who had discontinued treatment were more likely to have HFs/NSs that were more frequent and problematic. CONCLUSIONS To date, this is the largest UK study of the experience of HFs/NSs amongst older postmenopausal women. HFs/NSs are more prevalent in this age band than has previously been assumed. These findings and the associations of smoking, hysterectomy, anxiety, depressed mood and hormone therapy use with the experience of HFs/NSs have implications for prevention and symptom management.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Hunter
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
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