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Oliveira INND, Macedo-Silva A, Coutinho-Cruz L, Sanchez-Almeida J, Tavares MPS, Majerowicz D. Effects of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic syndrome parameters in patients with obesity or diabetes in Brazil, Europe, and the United States: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 243:106582. [PMID: 38992391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Plasma 25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels appear reduced in patients with obesity or type 2 diabetes, as reported in several observational studies. However, the association between these reduced hormone levels and metabolic parameters is unclear. In any case, vitamin D supplementation in patients with Metabolic Syndrome is standard. Still, the impacts of this supplementation on conditions such as glycemia, blood pressure, and lipidemia are debatable. Based on this question, we carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials in Brazil, Europe, and the United States that analyzed the effects of vitamin D supplementation on Metabolic Syndrome parameters in patients with obesity or type 2 diabetes. Our search yielded 519 articles and included 12 randomized controlled trials in the meta-analysis. Vitamin D supplementation had no effect on any of the outcomes analyzed (fasting blood glucose and insulinemia, glycated hemoglobin, HOMA index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, weight, waist circumference, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL, and triglycerides). However, subgroup analyses indicated that using vitamin D up to 2000 IU daily reduced participants' fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin. Furthermore, the intervention reduced diastolic blood pressure only in participants with vitamin D deficiency. At least two studies showed a high risk of bias using the Rob2 protocol. According to the GRADE protocol, the evidence quality varied from moderate to very low. These results indicate that vitamin D supplementation does not improve patients' metabolic parameters and that the association between plasma 25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels and Metabolic Syndrome may not be causal but caused by other confounding characteristics. However, in any case, the quality of evidence is still low, and more randomized clinical trials are essential to clarify these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessa Macedo-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - David Majerowicz
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Cox LA, Chan J, Rao P, Hamid Z, Glenn JP, Jadhav A, Das V, Karere GM, Quillen E, Kavanagh K, Olivier M. Integrated omics analysis reveals sirtuin signaling is central to hepatic response to a high fructose diet. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:870. [PMID: 34861817 PMCID: PMC8641221 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08166-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary high fructose (HFr) is a known metabolic disruptor contributing to development of obesity and diabetes in Western societies. Initial molecular changes from exposure to HFr on liver metabolism may be essential to understand the perturbations leading to insulin resistance and abnormalities in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. We studied vervet monkeys (Clorocebus aethiops sabaeus) fed a HFr (n=5) or chow diet (n=5) for 6 weeks, and obtained clinical measures of liver function, blood insulin, cholesterol and triglycerides. In addition, we performed untargeted global transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics analyses on liver biopsies to determine the molecular impact of a HFr diet on coordinated pathways and networks that differed by diet. RESULTS We show that integration of omics data sets improved statistical significance for some pathways and networks, and decreased significance for others, suggesting that multiple omics datasets enhance confidence in relevant pathway and network identification. Specifically, we found that sirtuin signaling and a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARA) regulatory network were significantly altered in hepatic response to HFr. Integration of metabolomics and miRNAs data further strengthened our findings. CONCLUSIONS Our integrated analysis of three types of omics data with pathway and regulatory network analysis demonstrates the usefulness of this approach for discovery of molecular networks central to a biological response. In addition, metabolites aspartic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), protein ATG3, and genes ATG7, and HMGCS2 link sirtuin signaling and the PPARA network suggesting molecular mechanisms for altered hepatic gluconeogenesis from consumption of a HFr diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Cox
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, NRC, G-floor, NC, 27157, Winston-Salem, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 78245, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 78245, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 27157, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
| | - Jeannie Chan
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, NRC, G-floor, NC, 27157, Winston-Salem, USA
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 78245, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Prahlad Rao
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, TN, Memphis, USA
| | - Zeeshan Hamid
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, NRC, G-floor, NC, 27157, Winston-Salem, USA
| | - Jeremy P Glenn
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 78245, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 78245, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Avinash Jadhav
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, NRC, G-floor, NC, 27157, Winston-Salem, USA
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 78245, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Vivek Das
- Novo Nordisk Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Genesio M Karere
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, NRC, G-floor, NC, 27157, Winston-Salem, USA
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 78245, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ellen Quillen
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, NRC, G-floor, NC, 27157, Winston-Salem, USA
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 78245, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Kylie Kavanagh
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, NRC, G-floor, NC, 27157, Winston-Salem, USA
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 27157, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Michael Olivier
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, NRC, G-floor, NC, 27157, Winston-Salem, USA
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 78245, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Chan J, Yao W, Howard TD, Hawkins GA, Olivier M, Jorgensen MJ, Cheeseman IH, Cole SA, Cox LA. Efficiency of whole-exome sequencing in old world and new world primates using human capture reagents. J Med Primatol 2021; 50:176-181. [PMID: 33876458 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole-exome sequencing (WES) can expedite research on genetic variation in non-human primate (NHP) models of human diseases. However, NHP-specific reagents for exome capture are not available. This study reports the use of human-specific capture reagents in WES for olive baboons, marmosets, and vervet monkeys. METHODS Exome capture was carried out using the SureSelect Human All Exon V6 panel from Agilent Technologies, followed by high-throughput sequencing. Capture of protein-coding genes and detection of single nucleotide variants were evaluated. RESULTS Exome capture and sequencing results showed that more than 97% of old world and 93% of new world monkey protein coding genes were detected. Single nucleotide variants were detected across the genomes and missense variants were found in genes associated with human diseases. CONCLUSIONS A cost-effective approach based on commercial, human-specific reagents can be used to perform WES for the discovery of genetic variants in these NHP species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannie Chan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Wen Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Timothy D Howard
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Gregory A Hawkins
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Michael Olivier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Matthew J Jorgensen
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Shelley A Cole
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Laura A Cox
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Jasinska AJ. Resources for functional genomic studies of health and development in nonhuman primates. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2020; 171 Suppl 70:174-194. [PMID: 32221967 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Primates display a wide range of phenotypic variation underlaid by complex genetically regulated mechanisms. The links among DNA sequence, gene function, and phenotype have been of interest from an evolutionary perspective, to understand functional genome evolution and its phenotypic consequences, and from a biomedical perspective to understand the shared and human-specific roots of health and disease. Progress in methods for characterizing genetic, transcriptomic, and DNA methylation (DNAm) variation is driving the rapid development of extensive omics resources, which are now increasingly available from humans as well as a growing number of nonhuman primates (NHPs). The fast growth of large-scale genomic data is driving the emergence of integrated tools and databases, thus facilitating studies of gene functionality across primates. This review describes NHP genomic resources that can aid in exploration of how genes shape primate phenotypes. It focuses on the gene expression trajectories across development in different tissues, the identification of functional genetic variation (including variants deleterious for protein function and regulatory variants modulating gene expression), and DNAm profiles as an emerging tool to understand the process of aging. These resources enable comparative functional genomics approaches to identify species-specific and primate-shared gene functionalities associated with health and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J Jasinska
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.,Eye on Primates, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Chittoor G, Pajewski NM, Voruganti VS, Comuzzie AG, Clarkson TB, Nudy M, Schnatz PF, Kaplan JR, Jorgensen MJ. Vitamin D heritability and effect of pregnancy status in Vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) under conditions of modest and high dietary supplementation. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2015; 159:639-45. [PMID: 26708407 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The two objectives of the current study were to: 1) investigate the genetic contributions to variations in serum vitamin D concentrations under two dietary conditions (a standard monkey biscuit diet vs. a diet designed to model typical American consumption); and 2) explore the interaction of vitamin D with pregnancy status using a cohort of pedigreed female vervet/African green monkeys. METHODS This study includes 185 female (≥3.5 years) vervet/African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) from a multi-generational, pedigreed breeding colony. The 25(OH)D3 concentrations were first measured seven to eight weeks after consuming a "typical American" diet (TAD), deriving 37, 18, and 45% of calories from fat, protein sources, and carbohydrates, and supplemented with vitamin D to a human equivalent of 1,000 IU/day. Vitamin D concentrations were assessed again when animals were switched to a low-fat, standard biscuit diet (LabDiet 5038) for 8 months, which provided a human equivalent of approximately 4,000 IU/day of vitamin D. All statistical analyses were implemented in SOLAR. RESULTS Pregnancy was associated with reduced 25(OH)D3 concentrations. Heritability analyses indicated a significant genetic contribution to 25(OH)D3 concentrations in the same monkeys consuming the biscuit diet (h(2) =0.66, P=0.0004) and TAD (h(2) =0.67, P=0.0078) diets, with higher 25(OH)D3 concentrations in animals consuming the biscuit diet. Additionally, there was a significant genotype-by-pregnancy status interaction on 25(OH)D3 concentrations (P<0.05) only among animals consuming the TAD diet. DISCUSSION These results support the existence of a genetic contribution to differences in serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations by pregnancy status and emphasize the role of diet (including vitamin D supplementation) in modifying genetic signals as well as vitamin D concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Chittoor
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC.,UNC Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC
| | - Nicholas M Pajewski
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - V Saroja Voruganti
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC.,UNC Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC
| | - Anthony G Comuzzie
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX.,Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
| | - Thomas B Clarkson
- Department of Pathology, Section of Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Matthew Nudy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Peter F Schnatz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reading Hospital, Reading, PA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Reading Hospital, Reading, PA
| | - Jay R Kaplan
- Department of Pathology, Section of Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Matthew J Jorgensen
- Department of Pathology, Section of Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
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Macharia AN, Cerling TE, Jorgensen MJ, Kaplan JR. The Hair-Diet13C and15N Fractionation inChlorocebus aethiops sabaeusBased on a Control Diet Study. ANN ZOOL FENN 2014. [DOI: 10.5735/086.051.0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Atkins HM, Willson CJ, Silverstein M, Jorgensen M, Floyd E, Kaplan JR, Appt SE. Characterization of ovarian aging and reproductive senescence in vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus). Comp Med 2014; 64:55-62. [PMID: 24512962 PMCID: PMC3929220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Female vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) are used as an experimental model for chronic diseases relevant to women's health. However, reproductive senescence (menopause) has not yet been characterized for vervet monkeys. Here we describe the histologic, hormonal, and menstrual markers of reproductive senescence in vervet monkeys from the Wake Forest Vervet Research Colony. Ovaries from monkeys (age, 0 to 27 y) were serially sectioned (5 μm), stained, and photographed. In every 100th section, the numbers of primordial, primary, and secondary follicles were determined, and triplicate measurements were used to calculate mean numbers of follicles per ovary. Antimüllerian hormone (AMH), follicle stimulating hormone, and menstrual cycle length were measured in additional monkeys. Primordial follicles and AMH decreased significantly with age, and significant correlations between numbers of primordial and primary follicles and between numbers of primary and secondary follicles were noted. Histologic evaluation revealed that ovaries from 4 aged monkeys (older than 23 y) were senescent. One aged monkey transitioned to menopause, experiencing cycle irregularity over 4 y, eventual cessation of menses, and plasma AMH below the level of detection. Finally, with increasing age, the percentage of female vervets with offspring declined significantly. The present study provides insight into ovarian aging and reproductive senescence in vervet monkeys. Results highlight the importance of considering this nonhuman primate as a model to investigate the relationships between ovarian aging and chronic disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Atkins
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Cynthia J Willson
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Department of Pathology (Comparative Medicine) and the Wake Forest University Primate Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Marnie Silverstein
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Department of Pathology (Comparative Medicine) and the Wake Forest University Primate Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew Jorgensen
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Department of Pathology (Comparative Medicine) and the Wake Forest University Primate Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Edison Floyd
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Department of Pathology (Comparative Medicine) and the Wake Forest University Primate Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jay R Kaplan
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Department of Pathology (Comparative Medicine) and the Wake Forest University Primate Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Susan E Appt
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Department of Pathology (Comparative Medicine) and the Wake Forest University Primate Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
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