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Lamichhane A, Tavana H. Three-Dimensional Tumor Models to Study Cancer Stemness-Mediated Drug Resistance. Cell Mol Bioeng 2024; 17:107-119. [PMID: 38737455 PMCID: PMC11082110 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-024-00798-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors often contain genetically different populations of cancer cells, stromal cells, various structural and soluble proteins, and other soluble signaling molecules. The American Cancer society estimated 1,958,310 new cancer cases and 609,820 cancer deaths in the United States in 2023. A major barrier against successful treatment of cancer patients is drug resistance. Gain of stem cell-like states by cancer cells under drug pressure or due to interactions with the tumor microenvironment is a major mechanism that renders therapies ineffective. Identifying approaches to target cancer stem cells is expected to improve treatment outcomes for patients. Most of our understanding of drug resistance and the role of cancer stemness is from monolayer cell cultures. Recent advances in cell culture technologies have enabled developing sophisticated three-dimensional tumor models that facilitate mechanistic studies of cancer drug resistance. This review summarizes the role of cancer stemness in drug resistance and highlights the various tumor models that are used to discover the underlying mechanisms and test potentially novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astha Lamichhane
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325 USA
| | - Hossein Tavana
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325 USA
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2
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Mishra A, Kai R, Atkuru S, Dai Y, Piccinini F, Preshaw PM, Sriram G. Fluid flow-induced modulation of viability and osteodifferentiation of periodontal ligament stem cell spheroids-on-chip. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:7432-7444. [PMID: 37819086 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01011b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Developing physiologically relevant in vitro models for studying periodontitis is crucial for understanding its pathogenesis and developing effective therapeutic strategies. In this study, we aimed to integrate the spheroid culture of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) within a spheroid-on-chip microfluidic perfusion platform and to investigate the influence of interstitial fluid flow on morphogenesis, cellular viability, and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSC spheroids. PDLSC spheroids were seeded onto the spheroid-on-chip microfluidic device and cultured under static and flow conditions. Computational analysis demonstrated the translation of fluid flow rates of 1.2 μl min-1 (low-flow) and 7.2 μl min-1 (high-flow) to maximum fluid shear stress of 59 μPa and 360 μPa for low and high-flow conditions, respectively. The spheroid-on-chip microfluidic perfusion platform allowed for modulation of flow conditions leading to larger PDLSC spheroids with improved cellular viability under flow compared to static conditions. Modulation of fluid flow enhanced the osteodifferentiation potential of PDLSC spheroids, demonstrated by significantly enhanced alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase expression. Additionally, flow conditions, especially high-flow conditions, exhibited extensive calcium staining across both peripheral and central regions of the spheroids, in contrast to the predominantly peripheral staining observed under static conditions. These findings highlight the importance of fluid flow in shaping the morphological and functional properties of PDLSC spheroids. This work paves the way for future investigations exploring the interactions between PDLSC spheroids, microbial pathogens, and biomaterials within a controlled fluidic environment, offering insights for the development of innovative periodontal therapies, tissue engineering strategies, and regenerative approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Mishra
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Ren Kai
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Srividya Atkuru
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Yichen Dai
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Filippo Piccinini
- IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Gopu Sriram
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
- NUS Centre for Additive Manufacturing (AM.NUS), National University of Singapore, Singapore
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3
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Rampoldi A, Forghani P, Li D, Hwang H, Armand LC, Fite J, Boland G, Maxwell J, Maher K, Xu C. Space microgravity improves proliferation of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:2272-2285. [PMID: 36084640 PMCID: PMC9561632 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In microgravity, cells undergo profound changes in their properties. However, how human cardiac progenitors respond to space microgravity is unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effect of space microgravity on differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiac progenitors compared with 1G cultures on the International Space Station (ISS). Cryopreserved 3D cardiac progenitors were cultured for 3 weeks on the ISS. Compared with 1G cultures, the microgravity cultures had 3-fold larger sphere sizes, 20-fold higher counts of nuclei, and increased expression of proliferation markers. Highly enriched cardiomyocytes generated in space microgravity showed improved Ca2+ handling and increased expression of contraction-associated genes. Short-term exposure (3 days) of cardiac progenitors to space microgravity upregulated genes involved in cell proliferation, survival, cardiac differentiation, and contraction, consistent with improved microgravity cultures at the late stage. These results indicate that space microgravity increased proliferation of hiPSC-cardiomyocytes, which had appropriate structure and function. Cryopreserved 3D hiPSC-cardiac progenitors differentiated efficiently in space Microgravity cultures had increased sphere sizes and cellular proliferation Beating cardiomyocytes in microgravity cultures had improved Ca2+ handling Microgravity cultures had upregulated genes in cardiac contraction
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Rampoldi
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Parvin Forghani
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hyun Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lawrence Christian Armand
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Joshua Maxwell
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kevin Maher
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Chunhui Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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4
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Guo L, Zhu Z, Gao C, Chen K, Lu S, Yan H, Liu W, Wang M, Ding Y, Huang L, Wang X. Development of Biomimetic Hepatic Lobule-Like Constructs on Silk-Collagen Composite Scaffolds for Liver Tissue Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:940634. [PMID: 35814001 PMCID: PMC9260023 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.940634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Constructing an engineered hepatic lobule-mimetic model is challenging owing to complicated lobular architecture and crucial hepatic functionality. Our previous study has demonstrated the feasibility of using silk fibroin (SF) scaffolds as functional templates for engineering hepatic lobule-like constructs. But the unsatisfactory chemical and physical performances of the SF-only scaffold and the inherent defect in the functional activity of the carcinoma-derived seeding cells remain to be addressed to satisfy the downstream application demand. In this study, SF-collagen I (SFC) composite scaffolds with improved physical and chemical properties were fabricated, and their utilization for bioengineering a more hepatic lobule-like construct was explored using the immortalized human hepatocyte-derived liver progenitor-like cells (iHepLPCs) and endothelial cells incorporated in the dynamic culture system. The SFC scaffolds prepared through the directional lyophilization process showed radially aligned porous structures with increased swelling ratio and porosity, ameliorative mechanical stiffness that resembled the normal liver matrix more closely, and improved biocompatibility. The iHepLPCs displayed a hepatic plate-like distribution and differentiated into matured hepatocytes with improved hepatic function in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, hepatocyte–endothelial cell interphase arrangement was generated in the co-culture compartment with improved polarity, bile capillary formation, and enhanced liver functions compared with the monocultures. Thus, a more biomimetic hepatic lobule-like model was established and could provide a valuable and robust platform for various applications, including bioartificial liver and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Guo
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ziqing Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chuanzhou Gao
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Kaiwen Chen
- School of Bioengineering, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Shenzhou Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hexin Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Peri-operative Organ Support and Function Preservation, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenming Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Peri-operative Organ Support and Function Preservation, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingqi Wang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yanfang Ding
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lin Huang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Huang, ; Xiuli Wang,
| | - Xiuli Wang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Huang, ; Xiuli Wang,
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Guo Y, Xue Y, Wang P, Cui Z, Cao J, Liu S, Yu Q, Zeng Q, Zhu D, Xie M, Zhang J, Li Z, Liu H, Zhong J, Chen J. Muse cell spheroids have therapeutic effect on corneal scarring wound in mice and tree shrews. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/562/eaaw1120. [PMID: 32967971 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw1120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy holds promises for treating corneal scarring. Here, we use multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells to study their differentiation and therapeutic potential for treating corneal injury. Muse cells were isolated from lipoaspirate, which presented biphenotype properties of both pluripotent stem cells and some mesenchymal stem cells. Muse cells expanded by about 100-fold from the initial seeding cell number to Muse spheroids with the maintenance of the Muse cell phenotype and high cell viability at 33 days by static spheroid culture. We revealed that Muse spheroids were activated by the dynamic rotary cell culture system (RCCS), as characterized by increased stemness, improved activity, and enhanced adherence. Gene and protein expression of the pluripotent markers OCT3/4, SOX2, and NANOG and of the proliferation marker KI67 in Muse spheroids cultured under RCCS were higher than those in the static group. These activated Muse spheroids enabled ready differentiation into corneal stromal cells (CSCs) expressing characteristic marker genes and proteins. Furthermore, implantation of Muse cells-differentiated CSCs (Muse-CSCs) laden assembled with two orthogonally stacked stretched compressed collagen (cell-SCC) in mouse and tree shrew wounded corneas prevented the formation of corneal scarring, increased corneal re-epithelialization and nerve regrowth, and reduced the severity of corneal inflammation and neovascularization. cell-SCC retained the capacity to suppress corneal scarring after long-distance cryopreserved transport. Thus, Muse cell therapy is a promising avenue for developing therapeutics for treating corneal scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglong Guo
- Ophthalmology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Ophthalmology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunxia Xue
- Institute of Ophthalmology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiyuan Wang
- Ophthalmology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zekai Cui
- Aier Eye Institute, 18th floor, the New century building, #198 Furong Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan 410015, China
| | - Jixing Cao
- Ophthalmology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiwei Liu
- Ophthalmology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Yu
- Centric Laboratory, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaolang Zeng
- Ophthalmology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Deliang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies, Guangdong Higher Educational Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Mengyuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies, Guangdong Higher Educational Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies, Guangdong Higher Educational Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Ophthalmology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Ophthalmology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxiang Zhong
- Ophthalmology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiansu Chen
- Ophthalmology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Ophthalmology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Aier Eye Institute, 18th floor, the New century building, #198 Furong Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan 410015, China
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6
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Li N, Li Z, Wang Y, Chen Y, Ge X, Lu J, Bian M, Wu J, Yu J. CTP-CM enhances osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs via NF-κB pathway. Oral Dis 2021; 27:577-588. [PMID: 32691476 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The conditioned medium of calcined tooth powder (CTP-CM) is a type of biomimetic mineralized material and well contributing to bone healing and bone formation in vivo. However, little is known about the effect of CTP-CM on human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) as well as the underlying mechanisms. METHODS ALP activity assay was conducted to select the concentration with the highest ALP level, which was used for the following experiments. Cell proliferation was measured by cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry analysis. Expression levels of osteogenic markers in CTP-CM-induced hPDLSCs were evaluated with real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunofluorescence staining, and Western blot. Mineralization of CTP-CM-induced hPDLSCs was evaluated by alizarin red staining. Furthermore, the involvement of NF-κB pathway was examined by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot. RESULTS 20 μg/ml was selected for the further experiments. Functional studies demonstrated that CTP-CM exerted almost no influence on the proliferation of hPDLSCs and CTP-CM increased the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. Mechanistically, CTP-CM leads to activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. When treated with BMS345541, the osteogenic differentiation of CTP-CM-treated hPDLSCs was significantly attenuated. CONCLUSION CTP-CM can promote the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs via activating NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zehan Li
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Peninsula Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingyun Ge
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiamin Lu
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minxia Bian
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jintao Wu
- Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinhua Yu
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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7
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Zhang W, Shen J, Zhang S, Liu X, Pan S, Li Y, Zhang L, He L, Niu Y. Silencing integrin α6 enhances the pluripotency-differentiation transition in human dental pulp stem cells. Oral Dis 2021; 28:711-722. [PMID: 33404136 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although integrins have been shown to be associated with proliferation and differentiation in some stem cells, the regulatory effect of integrin α6 (ITGα6) on the human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) has not been reported. Here, we detected the roles of ITGα6 in hDPSCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Attached to Cytodex 3 microcarriers, hDPSCs grown under stimulated microgravity (SMG) or conventional culture conditions were measured the proliferation and different gene expression. Further, ITGα6 was silenced in hDPSCs, and its effect on proliferation, differentiation, and cytoskeletal organization was analyzed. RESULTS SMG conditions increased the number of Ki67-positive hDPSCs and progression into S phase of cell cycle. WB analysis showed the expression of ITGα6 was upregulated in hDPSCs under SMG conditions. Knockdown of ITGα6 decreased the expression of stemness markers, CD105 and STRO-1 in hDPSCs, but promoted the osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation by increased ALP expression and Alizarin Red nodules. Moreover, RNA-seq demonstrated that RHO/ROCK signaling pathway upregulated silencing ITGα6-hDPSCs. Treatment with Y-27632 inhibited the effect of ITGα6 depletion on hDPSCs stemness, rearranged the cytoskeleton, promoted the pluripotency, proliferation ability, and inhibited the differentiation. CONCLUSION ITGα6 promotes hDPSCs stemness via inhibiting RHO/ROCK and restoring cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingling Shen
- Institute of Life Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Pan
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lina He
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yumei Niu
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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8
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Yang JQ, Jiang N, Li ZP, Guo S, Chen ZY, Li BB, Chai SB, Lu SY, Yan HF, Sun PM, Zhang T, Sun HW, Yang JW, Zhou JL, Yang HM, Cui Y. The effects of microgravity on the digestive system and the new insights it brings to the life sciences. LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH 2020; 27:74-82. [PMID: 34756233 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2020.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weightlessness is a component of the complex space environment. It exerts adverse effects on the human body, and may pose unknown challenges to the implementation of space missions. The regular function of the digestive system is an important checkpoint for astronauts to conduct missions. Simulated microgravity can recreate the changes experienced by the human body in a weightless environment in space to a certain extent, providing technical support for the exploration of its mechanism and a practical method for other scientific research. METHODS AND MATERIALS In the present study, we reviewed and discussed the latest research on the effects of weightlessness or simulated microgravity on the digestive system, as well as the current challenges and future expectations for progress in medical science and further space exploration. RESULTS A series of studies have investigated the effects of weightlessness on the human digestive system. On one hand, weightlessness and the changing space environment may exert certain adverse effects on the human body. Studies based on cells or animals have demonstrated the complex effects on the human digestive system in response to weightlessness. On the other hand, a microgravity environment also facilitates the ideation of novel concepts for research in the domain of life science. CONCLUSION The effects of weightlessness on the digestive system are considerably complicated. The emergence of methods that help simulate a weightless environment provides a more convenient alternative for assessing the impact and the mechanism underlying the effect of weightlessness on the human body. In addition, the simulated microgravity environment facilitates the ideation of novel concepts for application in regenerative medicine and other fields of life science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China; Department of General Surgery, the 306th Hospital of Chinese PLA-Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- The Center for Hepatopancreatobiliary Diseases, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Zheng-Peng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Song Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China; Department of General Surgery, the 306th Hospital of Chinese PLA-Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zheng-Yang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China; Department of General Surgery, the 306th Hospital of Chinese PLA-Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Bin-Bin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shao-Bin Chai
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Sheng-Yu Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China; Department of General Surgery, the 306th Hospital of Chinese PLA-Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hong-Feng Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Pei-Ming Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hong-Wei Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jian-Wu Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jin-Lian Zhou
- Department of Pathology, the Chinese PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - He-Ming Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China.
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9
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Wang H, Agarwal P, Jiang B, Stewart S, Liu X, Liang Y, Hancioglu B, Webb A, Fisher JP, Liu Z, Lu X, Tkaczuk KHR, He X. Bioinspired One Cell Culture Isolates Highly Tumorigenic and Metastatic Cancer Stem Cells Capable of Multilineage Differentiation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2000259. [PMID: 32537420 PMCID: PMC7284220 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are rare cancer cells that are postulated to be responsible for cancer relapse and metastasis. However, CSCs are difficult to isolate and poorly understood. Here, a bioinspired approach for label-free isolation and culture of CSCs, by microencapsulating one cancer cell in the nanoliter-scale hydrogel core of each prehatching embryo-like core-shell microcapsule, is reported. Only a small percentage of the individually microencapsulated cancer cells can proliferate into a cell colony. Gene and protein expression analyses indicate high stemness of the cells in the colonies. Importantly, the colony cells are capable of cross-tissue multilineage (e.g., endothelial, cardiac, neural, and osteogenic) differentiation, which is not observed for "CSCs" isolated using other contemporary approaches. Further studies demonstrate the colony cells are highly tumorigenic, metastatic, and drug resistant. These data show the colony cells obtained with the bioinspired one-cell-culture approach are truly CSCs. Significantly, multiple pathways are identified to upregulate in the CSCs and enrichment of genes related to the pathways is correlated with significantly decreased survival of breast cancer patients. Collectively, this study may provide a valuable method for isolating and culturing CSCs, to facilitate the understanding of cancer biology and etiology and the development of effective CSC-targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wang
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & NanosafetyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing100190China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Pranay Agarwal
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Bin Jiang
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
| | - Samantha Stewart
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
| | - Xuanyou Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineCenter for Precision MedicineUniversity of Missouri School of MedicineColumbiaMO65212USA
| | - Yutong Liang
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
| | - Baris Hancioglu
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Amy Webb
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - John P. Fisher
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineCenter for Precision MedicineUniversity of Missouri School of MedicineColumbiaMO65212USA
| | - Xiongbin Lu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics and Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer CenterIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN46202USA
| | - Katherine H. R. Tkaczuk
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMD21201USA
| | - Xiaoming He
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMD21201USA
- Robert E. Fischell, Institute for Biomedical DevicesUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
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10
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Li BB, Chen ZY, Guo S, Sun HW, Cui Y. Progress in research of digestive system trauma and stress injury under microgravity environment. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2019; 27:1088-1094. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v27.i17.1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The last two decades have witnessed the rapid develop-ment of China's manned spaceflight industry. Studies have showed that the weightlessness environment has a series of adverse effects on the human body. Due to the complexity of the structure and function of the digestive system, the impact of weightlessness on the digestive system has certain particularity. How to ensure the steady state of the digestive system during astronaut's space mission and in the training under simulated weightlessness needs to be studied urgently. This review focuses on the progress in the research of digestive system trauma, stress injury, and repair under microgravity environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Bin Li
- Department of General Surgery, The PLA 306 Teaching Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zheng-Yang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The 306 Hospital of PLA-Peking University Teaching Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Song Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The 306 Hospital of PLA-Peking University Teaching Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hong-Wei Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The 306 Hospital of PLA, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of General Surgery, The 306 Hospital of PLA, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
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11
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Mechanobiology of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells in Orthodontic Tooth Movement. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:6531216. [PMID: 30305820 PMCID: PMC6166363 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6531216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) possess self-renewal, multilineage differentiation, and immunomodulatory properties. They play a crucial role in maintaining periodontal homeostasis and also participated in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Various studies have applied controlled mechanical stimulation to PDLSCs and investigated the effects of orthodontic force on PDLSCs. Physical stimuli can regulate the proliferation and differentiation of PDLSCs. During the past decade, a variety of studies has demonstrated that applied forces can activate different signaling pathways in PDLSCs, including MAPK, TGF-β/Smad, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Besides, recent advances have highlighted the critical role of orthodontic force in PDLSC fate through mediators, such as IL-11, CTHRC1, miR-21, and H2S. This perspective review critically discusses the PDLSC fate to physical force in vitro and orthodontic force in vivo, as well as the underlying molecular mechanism involved in OTM.
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12
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Nanofibrous Nerve Conduits with Pre-seeded Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Cultured by Bioreactor for Enhancing Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-018-0057-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Tang Y, Xu Y, Xiao Z, Zhao Y, Li J, Han S, Chen L, Dai B, Wang L, Chen B, Wang H. The combination of three-dimensional and rotary cell culture system promotes the proliferation and maintains the differentiation potential of rat BMSCs. Sci Rep 2017; 7:192. [PMID: 28298644 PMCID: PMC5428343 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are a good candidate for tissue engineering and clinical application. One of the challenges in its cell therapy is how to quickly obtain an adequate number of seed cells and meanwhile maintain suitable differentiation potential. In this study we combined three-dimensional (3D) collagen porous scaffolds with rotary cell culture system (RCCS) (RCCS-3D) to create a stereoscopic dynamic environment for the amplification of rat BMSCs in vitro. The results revealed that this RCCS-3D system could enhance BMSCs' proliferation and colony formation, as well as maintain the differentiation potential compared with conventional static two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cell culture conditions. In addition, high-throughput microarray analysis showed that gene expressions of RCCS-3D system displayed significant differences in cell proliferation and differentiation compared with static-2D conditions. Thus, RCCS-3D system could provide an effective means for BMSCs cell proliferation in vitro and meanwhile maintain differentiation potential in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Tang
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Sichuan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Dali, 671000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Yannan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Sufang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Dai
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Li Y, He L, Pan S, Zhang L, Zhang W, Yi H, Niu Y. Three-dimensional simulated microgravity culture improves the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cell in PLGA scaffolds implanted in mice. Mol Med Rep 2016; 15:873-878. [PMID: 28000851 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.6042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth regeneration through stem cell-based therapy is a promising treatment for tooth decay and loss. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have been widely identified as the stem cells with the most potential for tooth tissue regeneration. However, the culture of hDPSCs in vitro for tissue engineering is challenging, as cells may proliferate slowly or/and differentiate poorly in vivo. Dynamic three‑dimensional (3D) simulated microgravity (SMG) created using the rotary cell culture system is considered to an effective tool, which contributes to several cell functions. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of dynamic 3D SMG culture on the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation abilities of hDPSCs in poly (lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds in nude mice. The hDPSCs on PLGA scaffolds were maintained separately in the 3D SMG culture system and static 3D cultures with osteogenic medium for 7 days in vitro. Subsequently, the cell‑PLGA complexes were implanted subcutaneously on the backs of nude mice for 4 weeks. The results of histological and immunohistochemical examinations of Ki‑67, type I collagen, dentin sialoprotein and DMP‑1 indicated that the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation abilities of the hDPSCs prepared in the 3D SMG culture system were higher, compared with those prepared in the static culture system. These findings suggested that dynamic 3D SMG culture likely contributes to tissue engineering by improving the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation abilities of hDPSCs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Li
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Lina He
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Pan
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yi
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yumei Niu
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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15
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Regmi S, Jeong JH. Superiority of three-dimensional stem cell clusters over monolayer culture: An archetype to biological application. Macromol Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-016-4107-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Lin SC, Gou GH, Hsia CW, Ho CW, Huang KL, Wu YF, Lee SY, Chen YH. Simulated Microgravity Disrupts Cytoskeleton Organization and Increases Apoptosis of Rat Neural Crest Stem Cells Via Upregulating CXCR4 Expression and RhoA-ROCK1-p38 MAPK-p53 Signaling. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:1172-93. [PMID: 27269634 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) are a population of multipotent stem cells that are distributed broadly in many tissues and organs and are capable of differentiating into a variety of cell types that are dispersed throughout three germ layers. We are interested in studying the effects of simulated microgravity on the survival and self-renewal of NCSCs. NCSCs extracted from the hair follicle bulge region of the rat whisker pad were cultured in vitro, respectively, in a 2D adherent environment and a 3D suspension environment using the rotatory cell culture system (RCCS) to simulate microgravity. We found that rat NCSCs (rNCSCs) cultured in the RCCS for 24 h showed disrupted organization of filamentous actin, increased globular actin level, formation of plasma membrane blebbing and neurite-like artifact, as well as decreased levels of cortactin and vimentin. Interestingly, ∼70% of RCCS-cultured rNCSCs co-expressed cleaved (active) caspase-3 and neuronal markers microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) and Tuj1 instead of NCSC markers, suggesting stress-induced formation of neurite-like artifact in rNCSCs. In addition, rNCSCs showed increased C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) expression, RhoA GTPase activation, Rho-associated kinase 1 (ROCK1) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation, and p53 expression in the nucleus. Incubation of rNCSCs with the Gα protein inhibitor pertussis toxin or CXCR4 siRNA during RCCS-culturing prevented cytoskeleton disorganization and plasma membrane blebbing, and it suppressed apoptosis of rNCSCs. Taken together, we demonstrate for the first time that simulated microgravity disrupts cytoskeleton organization and increases apoptosis of rNCSCs via upregulating CXCR4 expression and the RhoA-ROCK1-p38 MAPK-p53 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing-Chen Lin
- 1 Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center , Neihu District, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Hau Gou
- 2 Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center , Neihu District, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wu Hsia
- 2 Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center , Neihu District, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wen Ho
- 1 Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center , Neihu District, Taipei City, Taiwan .,3 Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital , Longtan Township, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lun Huang
- 1 Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center , Neihu District, Taipei City, Taiwan .,4 Department of Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital , Neihu District, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Fu Wu
- 5 Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital , Neihu District, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yu Lee
- 1 Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center , Neihu District, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hui Chen
- 1 Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center , Neihu District, Taipei City, Taiwan
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17
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Microgravity may help future organ/tissue manufacture. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2016; 59:850-3. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-5079-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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18
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Bauer J, Bussen M, Wise P, Wehland M, Schneider S, Grimm D. Searching the literature for proteins facilitates the identification of biological processes, if advanced methods of analysis are linked: a case study on microgravity-caused changes in cells. Expert Rev Proteomics 2016; 13:697-705. [DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2016.1197775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Johann Bauer
- Informationsvermittlung, Max-Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Markus Bussen
- Lifescience, Elsevier Information System GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Petra Wise
- Hematology/Oncology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Schneider
- Informationsvermittlung, Max-Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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19
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Uniform Embryoid Body Production and Enhanced Mesendoderm Differentiation with Murine Embryonic Stem Cells in a Rotary Suspension Bioreactor. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1502:63-75. [PMID: 27115505 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2016_354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are capable of differentiating into almost all cell types in vitro and hold great promise for drug screening, developmental studies and have a huge potential in many therapeutic areas. ESCs can aggregate to form embryoid body (EB) in static suspension culture by spontaneous differentiation, which resembles an intact embryo; while static suspension culture cannot prevent agglomeration of cells and offers little control over the size and shape of EBs, it results in aggregation of EBs into large, irregular masses, which prejudice the efficiency of differentiation of cells. Recently, bioreactor-based platforms have been shown to not only offer a beneficial effect on increasing diffusion of nutrients and oxygen which promotes cell viability and proliferation but also display local biomechanical properties (e.g., low fluid shear stresses and hydrodynamic force) in tissue development and organogenesis. This chapter describes a protocol for using a rotary suspension bioreactor to produce embryoid bodies and process the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), and to assess the efficiency of EB differentiation in the bioreactor by real-time PCR and immunostaining.
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20
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Engineering Tendon: Scaffolds, Bioreactors, and Models of Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:3919030. [PMID: 26839559 PMCID: PMC4709784 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3919030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendons bridge muscle and bone, translating forces to the skeleton and increasing the safety and efficiency of locomotion. When tendons fail or degenerate, there are no effective pharmacological interventions. The lack of available options to treat damaged tendons has created a need to better understand and improve the repair process, particularly when suitable autologous donor tissue is unavailable for transplantation. Cells within tendon dynamically react to loading conditions and undergo phenotypic changes in response to mechanobiological stimuli. Tenocytes respond to ultrastructural topography and mechanical deformation via a complex set of behaviors involving force-sensitive membrane receptor activity, changes in cytoskeletal contractility, and transcriptional regulation. Effective ex vivo model systems are needed to emulate the native environment of a tissue and to translate cell-matrix forces with high fidelity. While early bioreactor designs have greatly expanded our knowledge of mechanotransduction, traditional scaffolds do not fully model the topography, composition, and mechanical properties of native tendon. Decellularized tendon is an ideal scaffold for cultivating replacement tissue and modeling tendon regeneration. Decellularized tendon scaffolds (DTS) possess high clinical relevance, faithfully translate forces to the cellular scale, and have bulk material properties that match natural tissue. This review summarizes progress in tendon tissue engineering, with a focus on DTS and bioreactor systems.
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21
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Yang Y, Liu C, Lei X, Wang H, Su P, Ru Y, Ruan X, Duan E, Feng S, Han M, Xu Y, Shi L, Jiang E, Zhou J. Integrated Biophysical and Biochemical Signals Augment Megakaryopoiesis and Thrombopoiesis in a Three-Dimensional Rotary Culture System. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015; 5:175-85. [PMID: 26702125 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet transfusion has been widely used in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy; however, the shortage of the platelet supply limits the care of patients. Although derivation of clinical-scale platelets in vitro could provide a new source for transfusion, the devices and procedures for deriving scalable platelets for clinical applications have not been established. In the present study, we found that a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) can potentiate megakaryopoiesis and significantly improve the efficiency of platelet generation. When used with chemical compounds and growth factors identified via small-scale screening, the RCCS improved platelet generation efficiency by as much as ∼3.7-fold compared with static conditions. Shear force, simulated microgravity, and better diffusion of nutrients and oxygen from the RCCS, altogether, might account for the improved efficient platelet generation. The cost-effective and highly controllable strategy and methodology represent an important step toward large-scale platelet production for future biomedical and clinical applications. Significance: Platelet transfusion has been widely used in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy; however, the shortage of platelet supply limits the care of patients. Thus, derivation of clinical-scale platelets in vitro would provide a new source for transfusion. The present study evaluated a rotary suspension cell culture system that was able to potentiate megakaryopoiesis and significantly improved the efficiency of platelet generation. When used with chemical compounds and growth factors identified via small-scale screening, the three-dimensional system improved platelet generation efficiency compared with the static condition. The three-dimensional device and the strategy developed in the present study should markedly improve the generation of large-scale platelets for use in future biomedical and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China Faculty of Laboratory Medical Science, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, People's Republic of China
| | - CuiCui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, CAS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxin Ru
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Ruan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Enkui Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, CAS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sizhou Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhe Han
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Erlie Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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22
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Yang Y, Liu C, Lei X, Wang H, Su P, Ru Y, Ruan X, Duan E, Feng S, Han M, Xu Y, Shi L, Jiang E, Zhou J. Integrated Biophysical and Biochemical Signals Augment Megakaryopoiesis and Thrombopoiesis in a Three-Dimensional Rotary Culture System. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015. [DOI: dx.doi.org/10.5966/sctm.2015-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Platelet transfusion has been widely used in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy; however, the shortage of the platelet supply limits the care of patients. Although derivation of clinical-scale platelets in vitro could provide a new source for transfusion, the devices and procedures for deriving scalable platelets for clinical applications have not been established. In the present study, we found that a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) can potentiate megakaryopoiesis and significantly improve the efficiency of platelet generation. When used with chemical compounds and growth factors identified via small-scale screening, the RCCS improved platelet generation efficiency by as much as ∼3.7-fold compared with static conditions. Shear force, simulated microgravity, and better diffusion of nutrients and oxygen from the RCCS, altogether, might account for the improved efficient platelet generation. The cost-effective and highly controllable strategy and methodology represent an important step toward large-scale platelet production for future biomedical and clinical applications.
Significance
Platelet transfusion has been widely used in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy; however, the shortage of platelet supply limits the care of patients. Thus, derivation of clinical-scale platelets in vitro would provide a new source for transfusion. The present study evaluated a rotary suspension cell culture system that was able to potentiate megakaryopoiesis and significantly improved the efficiency of platelet generation. When used with chemical compounds and growth factors identified via small-scale screening, the three-dimensional system improved platelet generation efficiency compared with the static condition. The three-dimensional device and the strategy developed in the present study should markedly improve the generation of large-scale platelets for use in future biomedical and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Laboratory Medical Science, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, People's Republic of China
| | - CuiCui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, CAS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxin Ru
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Ruan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Enkui Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, CAS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sizhou Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhe Han
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Erlie Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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23
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Blaber EA, Finkelstein H, Dvorochkin N, Sato KY, Yousuf R, Burns BP, Globus RK, Almeida EAC. Microgravity Reduces the Differentiation and Regenerative Potential of Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:2605-21. [PMID: 26414276 PMCID: PMC4652210 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical unloading in microgravity is thought to induce tissue degeneration by various mechanisms, including inhibition of regenerative stem cell differentiation. To address this hypothesis, we investigated the effects of microgravity on early lineage commitment of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) using the embryoid body (EB) model of tissue differentiation. We found that exposure to microgravity for 15 days inhibits mESC differentiation and expression of terminal germ layer lineage markers in EBs. Additionally, microgravity-unloaded EBs retained stem cell self-renewal markers, suggesting that mechanical loading at Earth's gravity is required for normal differentiation of mESCs. Finally, cells recovered from microgravity-unloaded EBs and then cultured at Earth's gravity showed greater stemness, differentiating more readily into contractile cardiomyocyte colonies. These results indicate that mechanical unloading of stem cells in microgravity inhibits their differentiation and preserves stemness, possibly providing a cellular mechanistic basis for the inhibition of tissue regeneration in space and in disuse conditions on earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Blaber
- 1 Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, California.,2 School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales , Sydney, Australia
| | - Hayley Finkelstein
- 1 Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, California
| | - Natalya Dvorochkin
- 1 Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, California
| | - Kevin Y Sato
- 3 FILMSS Wyle, Space Biology, NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, California
| | - Rukhsana Yousuf
- 1 Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, California
| | - Brendan P Burns
- 2 School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales , Sydney, Australia .,4 Australian Centre for Astrobiology, University of New South Wales , Sydney, Australia
| | - Ruth K Globus
- 1 Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, California
| | - Eduardo A C Almeida
- 1 Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, California
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24
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Lei X, Deng Z, Zhang H, Zhao H, Zhou J, Liu S, Chen Q, Ning L, Cao Y, Wang X, Zhang X, Duan E. Rotary suspension culture enhances mesendoderm differentiation of embryonic stem cells through modulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2015; 10:526-38. [PMID: 24793926 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-014-9511-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recently, physical factors in the local cellular microenvironment have been confirmed with strong influences on regulating stem cell fate. Despite the recent identification of the rotary cell culture system (RCCS) as a bioreactor for culturing stem cells, the underlying biological role provided by RCCS in the lineage differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) remains largely undefined. Here, we explored the embryoid body (EB) formation and subsequent differentiation of mouse ESCs in RCCS. We demonstrated that EBs formed in RCCS were more homogeneous and bigger in size compared with those in the static condition. Further, we determined that mesendoderm differentiation was prominently enhanced, while neuroectodermal differentiation was significantly suppressed in RCCS. Surprisingly, we found that Wnt/β-catenin signaling was greatly enhanced mainly due to the increased expression of Wnt3 during ESC differentiation in RCCS. Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by DKK1 decreased the expression of Brachyury and attenuated mesendoderm differentiation in RCCS. Intriguingly, Wnt3a markedly increased Brachyury expression under static condition rather than in RCCS. Taken together, our findings uncover a new role of rotary suspension culture in initializing the early differentiation of ESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
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25
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He L, Pan S, Li Y, Zhang L, Zhang W, Yi H, Song C, Niu Y. Increased proliferation and adhesion properties of human dental pulp stem cells in PLGA scaffolds via simulated microgravity. Int Endod J 2015; 49:161-73. [PMID: 25702704 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L. He
- Department of Endodontics; The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Harbin China
| | - S. Pan
- Department of Endodontics; The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Harbin China
| | - Y. Li
- Department of Endodontics; The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Harbin China
| | - L. Zhang
- Department of Endodontics; The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Harbin China
| | - W. Zhang
- Department of Endodontics; The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Harbin China
| | - H. Yi
- Department of Endodontics; The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Harbin China
| | - C. Song
- Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation of the Ministry of Health & Department of General Surgery; The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Harbin China
| | - Y. Niu
- Department of Endodontics; The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Harbin China
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26
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Zhang C, Li L, Chen J, Wang J. Behavior of stem cells under outer-space microgravity and ground-based microgravity simulation. Cell Biol Int 2015; 39:647-56. [PMID: 25712570 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
With rapid development of space engineering, research on life sciences in space is being conducted extensively, especially cellular and molecular studies on space medicine. Stem cells, undifferentiated cells that can differentiate into specialized cells, are considered a key resource for regenerative medicine. Research on stem cells under conditions of microgravity during a space flight or a ground-based simulation has generated several excellent findings. To help readers understand the effects of outer space and ground-based simulation conditions on stem cells, we reviewed recent studies on the effects of microgravity (as an obvious environmental factor in space) on morphology, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Zhang
- Institute of Cell and Development Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Institute of Cell and Development Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Jianling Chen
- Institute of Cell and Development Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Jinfu Wang
- Institute of Cell and Development Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
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27
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Zhang S, Liu P, Chen L, Wang Y, Wang Z, Zhang B. The effects of spheroid formation of adipose-derived stem cells in a microgravity bioreactor on stemness properties and therapeutic potential. Biomaterials 2014; 41:15-25. [PMID: 25522961 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) represent a valuable source of stem cells for regenerative medicine, but the loss of their stemness during in vitro expansion remains a major roadblock. We employed a microgravity bioreactor (MB) to develop a method for biomaterial-free-mediated spheroid formation to maintain the stemness properties of ADSCs. ADSCs spontaneously formed three-dimensional spheroids in the MB. Compared with monolayer culture, the expression levels of E-cadherin and pluripotent markers were significantly upregulated in ADSC spheroids. Spheroid-derived ADSCs exhibited increased proliferative ability and colony-forming efficiency. By culturing the spheroid-derived ADSCs in an appropriate induction medium, we found that the multipotency differentiation capacities of ADSCs were significantly improved by spheroid culture in the MB. Furthermore, when ADSCs were administered to mice with carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver failure, spheroid-derived ADSCs showed more effective potentials to rescue liver failure than ADSCs derived from constant monolayer culture. Our results suggest that spheroid formation of ADSCs in an MB enhances their stemness properties and increases their therapeutic potential. Therefore, spheroid culture in an MB can be an efficient method to maintain stemness properties, without the involvement of any biomaterials for clinical applications of in vitro cultured ADSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichang Zhang
- Department 4, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department 4, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210017, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhengguo Wang
- Department 4, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department 4, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing 400042, China.
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28
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Vecchiatini R, Penolazzi L, Lambertini E, Angelozzi M, Morganti C, Mazzitelli S, Trombelli L, Nastruzzi C, Piva R. Effect of dynamic three-dimensional culture on osteogenic potential of human periodontal ligament-derived mesenchymal stem cells entrapped in alginate microbeads. J Periodontal Res 2014; 50:544-53. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Vecchiatini
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences; Ferrara University; Ferrara Italy
| | - L. Penolazzi
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences; Ferrara University; Ferrara Italy
| | - E. Lambertini
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences; Ferrara University; Ferrara Italy
| | - M. Angelozzi
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences; Ferrara University; Ferrara Italy
| | - C. Morganti
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences; Ferrara University; Ferrara Italy
| | - S. Mazzitelli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Ferrara University; Ferrara Italy
| | - L. Trombelli
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences; Ferrara University; Ferrara Italy
- Research Centre for the Study of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases; Ferrara University; Ferrara Italy
| | - C. Nastruzzi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Ferrara University; Ferrara Italy
| | - R. Piva
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences; Ferrara University; Ferrara Italy
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29
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Cytoskeleton modifications and autophagy induction in TCam-2 seminoma cells exposed to simulated microgravity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:904396. [PMID: 25140323 PMCID: PMC4124846 DOI: 10.1155/2014/904396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The study of how mechanical forces may influence cell behavior via cytoskeleton remodeling is a relevant challenge of nowadays that may allow us to define the relationship between mechanics and biochemistry and to address the larger problem of biological complexity. An increasing amount of literature data reported that microgravity condition alters cell architecture as a consequence of cytoskeleton structure modifications. Herein, we are reporting the morphological, cytoskeletal, and behavioral modifications due to the exposition of a seminoma cell line (TCam-2) to simulated microgravity. Even if no differences in cell proliferation and apoptosis were observed after 24 hours of exposure to simulated microgravity, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that the change of gravity vector significantly affects TCam-2 cell surface morphological appearance. Consistent with this observation, we found that microtubule orientation is altered by microgravity. Moreover, the confocal analysis of actin microfilaments revealed an increase in the cell width induced by the low gravitational force. Microtubules and microfilaments have been related to autophagy modulation and, interestingly, we found a significant autophagic induction in TCam-2 cells exposed to simulated microgravity. This observation is of relevant interest because it shows, for the first time, TCam-2 cell autophagy as a biological response induced by a mechanical stimulus instead of a biochemical one.
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30
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Lei X, Deng Z, Zhang H, Zhao H, Zhou J, Liu S, Chen Q, Ning L, Cao Y, Wang X, Zhang X, Duan E. Rotary Suspension Culture Enhances Mesendoderm Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells Through Modulation of Wnt/β-catenin Pathway. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2014. [DOI: doi 10.1007/s12015-014-9511-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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31
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In vivo construction of tissue-engineered cartilage using adipose-derived stem cells and bioreactor technology. Cell Tissue Bank 2014; 16:123-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s10561-014-9448-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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32
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Steindorff MM, Lehl H, Winkel A, Stiesch M. Innovative approaches to regenerate teeth by tissue engineering. Arch Oral Biol 2014; 59:158-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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33
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Goodwin TJ, McCarthy M, Osterrieder N, Cohrs RJ, Kaufer BB. Three-dimensional normal human neural progenitor tissue-like assemblies: a model of persistent varicella-zoster virus infection. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003512. [PMID: 23935496 PMCID: PMC3731237 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a neurotropic human alphaherpesvirus that causes varicella upon primary infection, establishes latency in multiple ganglionic neurons, and can reactivate to cause zoster. Live attenuated VZV vaccines are available; however, they can also establish latent infections and reactivate. Studies of VZV latency have been limited to the analyses of human ganglia removed at autopsy, as the virus is strictly a human pathogen. Recently, terminally differentiated human neurons have received much attention as a means to study the interaction between VZV and human neurons; however, the short life-span of these cells in culture has limited their application. Herein, we describe the construction of a model of normal human neural progenitor cells (NHNP) in tissue-like assemblies (TLAs), which can be successfully maintained for at least 180 days in three-dimensional (3D) culture, and exhibit an expression profile similar to that of human trigeminal ganglia. Infection of NHNP TLAs with cell-free VZV resulted in a persistent infection that was maintained for three months, during which the virus genome remained stable. Immediate-early, early and late VZV genes were transcribed, and low-levels of infectious VZV were recurrently detected in the culture supernatant. Our data suggest that NHNP TLAs are an effective system to investigate long-term interactions of VZV with complex assemblies of human neuronal cells. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV), the alphaherpesvirus that typically causes childhood chickenpox and shingles in adults, becomes latent in neurons, thus remaining in the body for a lifetime. Unfortunately, few models are available to study the establishment of VZV latency since the virus infects only humans and establishes persistent infections and latency only in neurons, a slowly proliferating, short-lived cell in culture. We have successfully maintained normal human neural progenitor cells (NHNP) in tissue-like assemblies (TLAs) in 3-dimensional (3D) cultures for up to 6 months. The 3D NHNP TLAs show some characteristics as those found in the human trigeminal ganglia, the site of VZV latency. NHNP TLAs infected with VZV remain viable for 3 months during which time VZV DNA replicates and remains genetically stable, virus genes are transcribed, and infectious VZV is sporadically released. The ability to maintain VZV infected NHNP cells in culture for extended times provides the unique opportunity to study the molecular interactions between this important human pathogen and neuronal tissue to an extent previously unattainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Goodwin
- Disease Modeling/Tissue Analogues Laboratory, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (TJG); (RJC); (BBK)
| | - Maureen McCarthy
- Disease Modeling/Tissue Analogues Laboratory, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | | | - Randall J. Cohrs
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
- * E-mail: (TJG); (RJC); (BBK)
| | - Benedikt B. Kaufer
- Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail: (TJG); (RJC); (BBK)
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34
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Abstract
This paper mainly makes comparative analysis on four main types of blade in stirred bioreactor by Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) simulation. Firstly we establish simulation method suited for stirred bioreactor, then simulate the velocity and shear force of flow field in the bioreactor. No matter from flow field mixing or shear force aspect, Elephant Ear blades is the most suitable for cell large scale culture. At last, it optimizes the installation method and angle of Elephant Ear blades. It concludes that anticlockwise rotation and 45°installation angle is the optimum.
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35
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Dai Y, Chen J, Li H, Li S, Chen J, Ding Y, Wu J, Wang C, Tan M. Characterizing the effects of VPA, VC and RCCS on rabbit keratocytes onto decellularized bovine cornea. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50114. [PMID: 23209652 PMCID: PMC3510233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the morphological and growth characteristics of rabbit keratocytes when cultured on decellularized cornea under simulate microgravity (SMG) rotary cell culture system (RCCS) and static culture or in plastic culture supplemented with small molecules of valproic acid (VPA) and vitamin C (VC). Bovine corneas were firstly decellularized with Triton X-100 and NH(4)OH and through short-term freezing process. Then cell count kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry were used to test the effects of VPA and VC on the proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of rabbit keratocytes. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging showed that cells were eliminated in the decellularized bovine corneas. The proliferation of cultured keratocytes was promoted by VPA and VC in the cell proliferation assay. VPA and VC moderately decreased the number of apoptotic cells and obviously promoted cell-cycle entrance of keratocytes. Rabbit keratocytes in plastic displayed spindle shape and rare interconnected with or without VPA and VC. Cells revealed dendritic morphology and reticular cellular connections when cultured on the carriers of decellularized corneas supplemented with VPA and VC even in the presence of 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). When cultured in RCCS supplemented with VPA, VC and 10% FBS, keratocytes displayed round shape with many prominences and were more prone to grow into the pores of carriers with aggregation. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis proved that the keratocytes cultured on decellularized bovine cornea under SMG with VPA and VC expressed keratocan and lumican. Keratocytes cultured on plastic expressed lumican but not keratocan. Immunofluorescence identification revealed that cells in all groups were positively immunostained for vimentin. Keratocytes on decellularized bovine cornea under SMG or in static culture were positively immunostained for keratocan and lumican. Thus, we reasonably made a conclusion that the combination of VPA, VC, RCCS and decellularized corneal carriers provide a good condition for keratocytes to well grow. Keratocytes can be manipulated to be aggregates or physiological morphological growth in vitro, which are important for the research of corneal stem cells and corneal tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Dai
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Ophthalmology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyang Li
- Ophthalmology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanyi Li
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Chen
- Ophthalmology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ding
- Ophthalmology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- Institute of Ophthalmology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Meihua Tan
- Ophthalmology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Hoz L, Romo E, Zeichner-David M, Sanz M, Nuñez J, Gaitán L, Mercado G, Arzate H. Cementum protein 1 (CEMP1) induces differentiation by human periodontal ligament cells under three-dimensional culture conditions. Cell Biol Int 2012; 36:129-36. [PMID: 21929512 DOI: 10.1042/cbi20110168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PDL (periodontal ligament) is a source of multi-potent stem cells in humans and their differentiation potential to a cementoblast and osteoblast phenotypes has been shown. Tissue construction from PDL-derived cells could be considered as a valuable technique for periodontal regenerative medicine. On these basis, we determined the role of CEMP1 (cementum protein 1) as a factor to induce differentiation of human PDL cells in a 3D (three-dimensional) fashion. Human PDL cells were grown in an RCCS (rotary cell culture system) D-410 RWV (rotating wall vessel) bioreactor, and maintained in either experimental (CEMP1 2.5 μg/ml) or control media during 4 weeks. Cell proliferation in the presence of CEMP1 was determined. The tissue-like structure formed was analysed histologically, stained with Alizarin Red and Alcian Blue. ALP (alkaline phosphatase)-specific activity, immunostaining, RT-PCR (reverse transcription-PCR) and Western blotting were performed to determine the expression of BSP (bone sialoprotein), enamel [AMBN (ameloblastin) and AMEL (amelogenin)], cementum [CAP (cementum attachment protein) and CEMP1] and cartilage-related proteins (Sox9, aggrecan, types II and X collagens). Our results show that hrCEMP1 (human recombinant CEMP1) promoted cell proliferation by human PDL cells in 3D cultures and induced the formation of a tissue-like structure resembling bone and/or cementum and material similar to cartilage. The addition of hrCEMP1 to the 3D human PDL cell cultures increased ALP-specific activity by 2.0-fold and induced the expression of markers for the osteogenic, cementogenic and chondrogenic phenotypes at the mRNA and protein levels. Our data show that human PDL cells in 3D cultures with the addition of CEMP1 has the potential to be used for the bioengineering reconstruction of periodontal tissues and cartilage since our results suggest that CEMP1 stimulates human PDL cells to differentiate towards different phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lía Hoz
- Laboratorio de Biologa Periodontal y Tejidos Mineralizados, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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37
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Zheng H, Tian W, Yan H, Yue L, Zhang Y, Han F, Chen X, Li Y. Rotary culture promotes the proliferation of MCF-7 cells encapsulated in three-dimensional collagen-alginate hydrogels via activation of the ERK1/2-MAPK pathway. Biomed Mater 2012; 7:015003. [PMID: 22262729 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/7/1/015003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Rotary cell culture systems (RCCS) have been shown to be promising for promoting three-dimensional (3D) cell growth and assembly of cells into functional tissues. In this study, 3D tissue-like spheroids of MCF-7 cells were constructed by encapsulating the cells in the collagen-alginate hydrogel, and then cultured in a RCCS to investigate the proliferation of MCF-7 cells. The results from the MTT assay showed that the proliferation rate of MCF-7 cells cultured in the RCCS was higher than that of the static culture control group, and the results from the flow cytometry revealed that the cells in S and G2/M phase were significantly increased compared to the control group. The expression of cell proliferation antigen PCNA and cyclin D1 was also examined with the results further supporting the enhanced proliferation of MCF-7 cells by the RCCS. The results from indirect immunofluorescence revealed that the rotary culture altered neither the cytoskeleton distribution nor the assembly of mitotic spindle. By examination, it was also shown that the rotary culture induced the ERK1/2-MAPK pathway. Taken together, this study demonstrated that the rotary culture could promote the proliferation of MCF-7 cells by inducing the ERK1/2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Zheng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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NASA-approved rotary bioreactor enhances proliferation of human epidermal stem cells and supports formation of 3D epidermis-like structure. PLoS One 2011. [PMID: 22096490 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026603.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is susceptible to different injuries and diseases. One major obstacle in skin tissue engineering is how to develop functional three-dimensional (3D) substitute for damaged skin. Previous studies have proved a 3D dynamic simulated microgravity (SMG) culture system as a "stimulatory" environment for the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. Here, we employed the NASA-approved rotary bioreactor to investigate the proliferation and differentiation of human epidermal stem cells (hEpSCs). hEpSCs were isolated from children foreskins and enriched by collecting epidermal stem cell colonies. Cytodex-3 micro-carriers and hEpSCs were co-cultured in the rotary bioreactor and 6-well dish for 15 days. The result showed that hEpSCs cultured in rotary bioreactor exhibited enhanced proliferation and viability surpassing those cultured in static conditions. Additionally, immunostaining analysis confirmed higher percentage of ki67 positive cells in rotary bioreactor compared with the static culture. In contrast, comparing with static culture, cells in the rotary bioreactor displayed a low expression of involucrin at day 10. Histological analysis revealed that cells cultured in rotary bioreactor aggregated on the micro-carriers and formed multilayer 3D epidermis structures. In conclusion, our research suggests that NASA-approved rotary bioreactor can support the proliferation of hEpSCs and provide a strategy to form multilayer epidermis structure.
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Lei XH, Ning LN, Cao YJ, Liu S, Zhang SB, Qiu ZF, Hu HM, Zhang HS, Liu S, Duan EK. NASA-approved rotary bioreactor enhances proliferation of human epidermal stem cells and supports formation of 3D epidermis-like structure. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26603. [PMID: 22096490 PMCID: PMC3212516 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is susceptible to different injuries and diseases. One major obstacle in skin tissue engineering is how to develop functional three-dimensional (3D) substitute for damaged skin. Previous studies have proved a 3D dynamic simulated microgravity (SMG) culture system as a “stimulatory” environment for the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. Here, we employed the NASA-approved rotary bioreactor to investigate the proliferation and differentiation of human epidermal stem cells (hEpSCs). hEpSCs were isolated from children foreskins and enriched by collecting epidermal stem cell colonies. Cytodex-3 micro-carriers and hEpSCs were co-cultured in the rotary bioreactor and 6-well dish for 15 days. The result showed that hEpSCs cultured in rotary bioreactor exhibited enhanced proliferation and viability surpassing those cultured in static conditions. Additionally, immunostaining analysis confirmed higher percentage of ki67 positive cells in rotary bioreactor compared with the static culture. In contrast, comparing with static culture, cells in the rotary bioreactor displayed a low expression of involucrin at day 10. Histological analysis revealed that cells cultured in rotary bioreactor aggregated on the micro-carriers and formed multilayer 3D epidermis structures. In conclusion, our research suggests that NASA-approved rotary bioreactor can support the proliferation of hEpSCs and provide a strategy to form multilayer epidermis structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-hua Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-na Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-jing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shou-bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-fang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-min Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-shan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - En-kui Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Majumder S, Siamwala JH, Srinivasan S, Sinha S, Sridhara SRC, Soundararajan G, Seerapu HR, Chatterjee S. Simulated microgravity promoted differentiation of bipotential murine oval liver stem cells by modulating BMP4/Notch1 signaling. J Cell Biochem 2011; 112:1898-908. [PMID: 21433062 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.23110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Faster growth and differentiation of liver stem cells to hepatocyte is one of the key factors during liver regeneration. In recent years, simulated microgravity, a physical force has shown to differentially regulate the differentiation and proliferation of stem cells. In the present work, we studied the effect of simulated microgravity on differentiation and proliferation of liver stem cells. The cells were subjected to microgravity, which was simulated using indigenously fabricated 3D clinostat. Proliferation, apoptosis, immunofluorescence assays and Western blot analysis were carried out to study the effects of simulated microgravity on liver stem cells. Microgravity treatment for 2 h enhanced proliferation of stem cells by twofold without inducing apoptosis and compromising cell viability. Analysis of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-α (HNF4-α) expression after 2 h of microgravity treatment revealed that microgravity alone can induce the differentiation of stem cells within 2-3 days. Probing bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP4) and Notch1 in microgravity treated stem cells elaborated downregulation of Notch1 and upregulation of BMP4 after 2 days of incubation. Further, blocking BMP4 using dorsomorphin and chordin conditioned media from chordin plasmid transfected cells attenuated microgravity mediated differentiation of liver stem cells. In conclusion, microgravity interplays with BMP4/Notch1 signaling in stem cells thus inducing differentiation of stem cells to hepatocytes. Present findings can be implicated in clinical studies where microgravity activated stem cells can regenerate the liver efficiently after liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syamantak Majumder
- Vascular Biology Lab, Life Sciences Division, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Simulated microgravity using a rotary cell culture system promotes chondrogenesis of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells via the p38 MAPK pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 414:412-8. [PMID: 21971552 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.09.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multi-potent, and the chondrogenesis of MSCs is affected by mechanical stimulation. The aim of this study was to investigate, using a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) bioreactor, the effects of microgravity on the chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived MSCs (ADSCs), which were cultured in pellets with or without the chondrogenic growth factor TGF-β1. In addition, we evaluated the role of the p38 MAPK pathway in this process. The real-time PCR and histological results show that microgravity has a synergistic effect on chondrogenesis with TGF-β1. The p38 MAPK pathway was activated by TGF-β1 alone and was further stimulated by microgravity. Inhibition of p38 activity with SB203580 suppressed chondrocyte-specific gene expression and matrix production. These findings suggest that the p38 MAPK signal acts as an essential mediator in the microgravity-induced chondrogenesis of ADSCs.
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Li P, Zhang Y, Wang YM, Duan CM, Hao T, Wu BL, Wang CY. RCCS enhances EOE cell proliferation and their differentiation into ameloblasts. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:309-17. [PMID: 21667111 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-0740-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In this article we report on the culturing of dental enamel organ epithelia (EOE) using a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) bioreactor associated with a cytodex-3 microcarrier. This culture system enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of the EOE into ameloblasts. Primary dental EOE trypsinized from 4-day old post-natal rat pups were cultured in the RCCS associated with Cytodex-3. The results were analyzed in comparison to a conventional plate system (control). Cells grown in RCCS have shown higher viabilities (above 90%) and final cell densities in terms of cells/ml than in the control system. In the case of RCCS, 46±2 manifold increases were obtained, while significantly lower yields of 10.8±2.5 manifod were obtained for control plates. Throughout the experiments, glucose levels were maintained within the accepted physiological range. In this case, LDH levels are kept low (below 150 mmol/ml), which is in accordance with the low cell death observed in the RCCS. Scanning electron microscopy revealed cells that were spread and forming three dimensional aggregates on the surface of cytodex-3. Cells cultured in the RCCS exhibited a stronger positive immunofluorescence staining for ameloblastin than those in control plates. RT-PCR results revealed that cells cultured in RCCS have higher amelogenin mRNA levels compared to controls. We have done an exploratory study on biological characteristics and self-assembling of epithelium cellula intersitialis, which demonstrated that the special 3D environment enhanced the rat dental EOE cell proliferation and differentiation into ameloblasts. The study has revealed that RCCS could be used to study the reaction of the EOE cells, tooth enamel organ cells and mesenchymal cells under the spacial 3D culture system, which will also provide a novel hypothesis for dental regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Department of Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Pellegrini M, Di Siena S, Claps G, Di Cesare S, Dolci S, Rossi P, Geremia R, Grimaldi P. Microgravity promotes differentiation and meiotic entry of postnatal mouse male germ cells. PLoS One 2010; 5:e9064. [PMID: 20140225 PMCID: PMC2816218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2009] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A critical step of spermatogenesis is the entry of mitotic spermatogonia into meiosis. Progresses on these topics are hampered by the lack of an in vitro culture system allowing mouse spermatogonia differentiation and entry into meiosis. Previous studies have shown that mouse pachytene spermatocytes cultured in simulated microgravity (SM) undergo a spontaneous meiotic progression. Here we report that mouse mitotic spermatogonia cultured under SM with a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) enter into meiosis in the absence of any added exogenous factor or contact with somatic cells. We found that isolated Kit-positive spermatogonia under the RCCS condition enter into the prophase of the first meiotic division (leptotene stage), as monitored by chromosomal organization of the synaptonemal complex 3 protein (Scp3) and up-regulation of several pro-meiotic genes. SM was found to activate the phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase (PI3K) pathway and to induce in Kit-positive spermatogonia the last round of DNA replication, typical of the preleptotene stage. A PI3K inhibitor abolished Scp3 induction and meiotic entry stimulated by RCCS conditions. A positive effect of SM on germ cell differentiation was also observed in undifferentiated (Kit-negative) spermatogonia, in which RCCS conditions stimulate the expression of Kit and Stra8. In conclusion, SM is an artificial environmental condition which promotes postnatal male germ cell differentiation and might provide a tool to study the molecular mechanisms underlying the switch from mitosis to meiosis in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Pellegrini
- Department of Public Health and Cellular Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Di Siena
- Department of Public Health and Cellular Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Claps
- Department of Public Health and Cellular Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Cesare
- Department of Public Health and Cellular Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Susanna Dolci
- Department of Public Health and Cellular Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Rossi
- Department of Public Health and Cellular Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Geremia
- Department of Public Health and Cellular Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Grimaldi
- Department of Public Health and Cellular Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
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