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Meng LB, Hu GF, Lv T, Lv C, Liu L, Zhang P. Higher expression of TSR2 aggravating hypertension via the PPAR signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:8980-8997. [PMID: 38814181 PMCID: PMC11164513 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Hypertension is a complex disease with unknown causes. Therefore, it's crucial to deeply study its molecular mechanism. The hypertension dataset was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus data base (GEO), and miRNA regulating central hub genes was screened via weighted gene co-expression network (DEGs) and gene set enrichment (GSEA). Cell experiments validated TSR2's role and the PPAR signaling pathway through western blotting. 500 DEGs were identified for hypertension, mainly enriched in actin cross-linking, insulin signaling, PPAR signaling, and protein localization. Eight hub genes (SEC61G, SRP14, Liy AR, NIP7, SDAD1, POLR1D, DYNLL2, TSR2) were identified. Four hub genes (LYAR, SDAD1, POLR1D, TSR2) exhibited high expression levels in the hypertensive tissue samples, while showing low expression levels in the normal tissue samples. This led us to speculate that they may have relevant regulatory effects on hypertension. When TSR2 was knocked down in the hypertension peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) model, the critical proteins in the PPAR signaling pathway (FABP, PPAR, PLTP, ME1, SCD1, CYP27, FABP1, OLR1, CPT-1, PGAR, CAP, ADIPO, MMP1, UCP1, ILK, PDK1 UBC AQP7) were downregulated. This also occurred in the hypertension peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) + TSR2_ OV model. TSR2 is highly expressed in individuals with hypertension and may play a significant role in the development of hypertension through the PPAR signaling pathway. TSR2 could serve as a molecular target for the early diagnosis and precise treatment of hypertension, providing a valuable direction for the mechanism research of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Bing Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Gai-Feng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chaoyang 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Changhua Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lianfeng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Whitfield-Cargile CM, Chung HC, Coleman MC, Cohen ND, Chamoun-Emanuelli AM, Ivanov I, Goldsby JS, Davidson LA, Gaynanova I, Ni Y, Chapkin RS. Integrated analysis of gut metabolome, microbiome, and exfoliome data in an equine model of intestinal injury. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:74. [PMID: 38622632 PMCID: PMC11017594 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01785-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The equine gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome has been described in the context of various diseases. The observed changes, however, have not been linked to host function and therefore it remains unclear how specific changes in the microbiome alter cellular and molecular pathways within the GI tract. Further, non-invasive techniques to examine the host gene expression profile of the GI mucosa have been described in horses but not evaluated in response to interventions. Therefore, the objectives of our study were to (1) profile gene expression and metabolomic changes in an equine model of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced intestinal inflammation and (2) apply computational data integration methods to examine host-microbiota interactions. METHODS Twenty horses were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups (n = 10): control (placebo paste) or NSAID (phenylbutazone 4.4 mg/kg orally once daily for 9 days). Fecal samples were collected on days 0 and 10 and analyzed with respect to microbiota (16S rDNA gene sequencing), metabolomic (untargeted metabolites), and host exfoliated cell transcriptomic (exfoliome) changes. Data were analyzed and integrated using a variety of computational techniques, and underlying regulatory mechanisms were inferred from features that were commonly identified by all computational approaches. RESULTS Phenylbutazone induced alterations in the microbiota, metabolome, and host transcriptome. Data integration identified correlation of specific bacterial genera with expression of several genes and metabolites that were linked to oxidative stress. Concomitant microbiota and metabolite changes resulted in the initiation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response within the intestinal mucosa. CONCLUSIONS Results of integrative analysis identified an important role for oxidative stress, and subsequent cell signaling responses, in a large animal model of GI inflammation. The computational approaches for combining non-invasive platforms for unbiased assessment of host GI responses (e.g., exfoliomics) with metabolomic and microbiota changes have broad application for the field of gastroenterology. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Whitfield-Cargile
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - H C Chung
- Department of Statistics, College of Arts & Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Mathematics & Statistics Department, College of Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - M C Coleman
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - N D Cohen
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - A M Chamoun-Emanuelli
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - I Ivanov
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - J S Goldsby
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - L A Davidson
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - I Gaynanova
- Department of Statistics, College of Arts & Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Y Ni
- Department of Statistics, College of Arts & Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - R S Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Kalidasan V, Suresh D, Zulkifle N, Hwei YS, Kok Hoong L, Rajasuriar R, Theva Das K. Investigating D-Amino Acid Oxidase Expression and Interaction Network Analyses in Pathways Associated With Cellular Stress: Implications in the Biology of Aging. Bioinform Biol Insights 2024; 18:11779322241234772. [PMID: 38425413 PMCID: PMC10903195 DOI: 10.1177/11779322241234772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
D-amino acid oxidase (DAO) is a flavoenzyme that metabolizes D-amino acids by oxidative deamination, producing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a by-product. The generation of intracellular H2O2 may alter the redox-homeostasis mechanism of cells and increase the oxidative stress levels in tissues, associated with the pathogenesis of age-related diseases and organ decline. This study investigates the effect of DAO knockdown using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) through an in silico approach on its protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and their potential roles in the process of aging. The target sequence and guide RNA of DAO were designed using the CCTop database, PPI analysis using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses, Reactome biological pathway, protein docking using GalaxyTongDock database, and structure analysis. The translated target sequence of DAO lies between amino acids 43 to 50. The 10 proteins that were predicted to interact with DAO are involved in peroxisome pathways such as acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1), alanine-glyoxylate and serine-pyruvate aminotransferase (AGXT), catalase (CAT), carnitine O-acetyltransferase (CRAT), glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (GNPAT), hydroxyacid oxidase 1 (HAO1), hydroxyacid oxidase 2 (HAO2), trans-L-3-hydroxyproline dehydratase (L3HYPDH), polyamine oxidase (PAOX), and pipecolic acid and sarcosine oxidase (PIPOX). In summary, DAO mutation would most likely reduce activity with its interacting proteins that generate H2O2. However, DAO mutation may result in peroxisomal disorders, and thus, alternative techniques should be considered for an in vivo approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kalidasan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Malaysia
| | - Darshinie Suresh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Malaysia
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Nurulisa Zulkifle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Malaysia
| | - Yap Siew Hwei
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Leong Kok Hoong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Reena Rajasuriar
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS (CERiA), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kumitaa Theva Das
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Malaysia
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4
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Osei D, Baumgart-Vogt E, Ahlemeyer B, Herden C. Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Receptor 1 Mediates Borna Disease Virus 1-Induced Changes in Peroxisomal and Mitochondrial Dynamics in Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1849. [PMID: 38339126 PMCID: PMC10855776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV1) causes a persistent infection in the mammalian brain. Peroxisomes and mitochondria play essential roles in the cellular antiviral immune response, but the effect of BoDV1 infection on peroxisomal and mitochondrial dynamics and their respective antioxidant capacities is still not clear. Using different mouse lines-i.e., tumor necrosis factor-α transgenic (TNFTg; to pro-inflammatory status), TNF receptor-1 knockout (TNFR1ko), and TNFR2ko mice in comparison to wild-type (Wt) mice-we analyzed the abundances of both organelles and their main antioxidant enzymes, catalase and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), in neurons of the hippocampal, cerebral, and cerebellar cortices. In TNFTg mice, a strong increase in mitochondrial (6.9-fold) and SOD2 (12.1-fold) abundances was detected; meanwhile, peroxisomal abundance increased slightly (1.5-fold), but that of catalase decreased (2.9-fold). After BoDV1 infection, a strong decrease in mitochondrial (2.1-6.5-fold), SOD2 (2.7-9.1-fold), and catalase (2.7-10.3-fold) abundances, but a slight increase in peroxisomes (1.3-1.6-fold), were detected in Wt and TNFR2ko mice, whereas no changes occurred in TNFR1ko mice. Our data suggest that the TNF system plays a crucial role in the biogenesis of both subcellular organelles. Moreover, TNFR1 signaling mediated the changes in peroxisomal and mitochondrial dynamics after BoDV1 infection, highlighting new mechanisms by which BoDV1 may achieve immune evasion and viral persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Osei
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (D.O.); (E.B.-V.)
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Eveline Baumgart-Vogt
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (D.O.); (E.B.-V.)
| | - Barbara Ahlemeyer
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (D.O.); (E.B.-V.)
| | - Christiane Herden
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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5
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Gu Y, Alam S, Oliferenko S. Peroxisomal compartmentalization of amino acid biosynthesis reactions imposes an upper limit on compartment size. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5544. [PMID: 37684233 PMCID: PMC10491753 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41347-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular metabolism relies on just a few redox cofactors. Selective compartmentalization may prevent competition between metabolic reactions requiring the same cofactor. Is such compartmentalization necessary for optimal cell function? Is there an optimal compartment size? Here we probe these fundamental questions using peroxisomal compartmentalization of the last steps of lysine and histidine biosynthesis in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus. We show that compartmentalization of these NAD+ dependent reactions together with a dedicated NADH/NAD+ recycling enzyme supports optimal growth when an increased demand for anabolic reactions taxes cellular redox balance. In turn, compartmentalization constrains the size of individual organelles, with larger peroxisomes accumulating all the required enzymes but unable to support both biosynthetic reactions at the same time. Our reengineering and physiological experiments indicate that compartmentalized biosynthetic reactions are sensitive to the size of the compartment, likely due to scaling-dependent changes within the system, such as enzyme packing density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gu
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
| | - Sara Alam
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
- Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Snezhana Oliferenko
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
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6
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Semikasev E, Ahlemeyer B, Acker T, Schänzer A, Baumgart-Vogt E. Rise and fall of peroxisomes during Alzheimer´s disease: a pilot study in human brains. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:80. [PMID: 37170361 PMCID: PMC10176950 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01567-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are eukaryotic organelles that rapidly change in number depending on the metabolic requirement of distinct cell types and tissues. In the brain, these organelles are essential for neuronal migration and myelination during development and their dysfunction is associated with age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Except for one study analysing ABCD3-positive peroxisomes in neurons of the frontal neocortex of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients, no data on other brain regions or peroxisomal proteins are available. In the present morphometric study, we quantified peroxisomes labelled with PEX14, a metabolism-independent peroxisome marker, in 13 different brain areas of 8 patients each either with low, intermediate or high AD neuropathological changes compared to 10 control patients. Classification of patient samples was based on the official ABC score. During AD-stage progression, the peroxisome density decreased in the area entorhinalis, parietal/occipital neocortex and cerebellum, it increased and in later AD-stage patients decreased in the subiculum and hippocampal CA3 region, frontal neocortex and pontine gray and it remained unchanged in the gyrus dentatus, temporal neocortex, striatum and inferior olive. Moreover, we investigated the density of catalase-positive peroxisomes in a subset of patients (> 80 years), focussing on regions with significant alterations of PEX14-positive peroxisomes. In hippocampal neurons, only one third of all peroxisomes contained detectable levels of catalase exhibiting constant density at all AD stages. Whereas the density of all peroxisomes in neocortical neurons was only half of the one of the hippocampus, two thirds of them were catalase-positive exhibiting increased levels at higher ABC scores. In conclusion, we observed spatiotemporal differences in the response of peroxisomes to different stages of AD-associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugen Semikasev
- Division of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig University, Aulweg 123, 35385, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Giessen, Klinikstr. 33, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Barbara Ahlemeyer
- Division of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig University, Aulweg 123, 35385, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Till Acker
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus-Liebig University, Arndtstr. 16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anne Schänzer
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus-Liebig University, Arndtstr. 16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Eveline Baumgart-Vogt
- Division of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig University, Aulweg 123, 35385, Giessen, Germany.
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7
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Li H, Lismont C, Costa CF, Hussein MAF, Baes M, Fransen M. Enhanced Levels of Peroxisome-Derived H2O2 Do Not Induce Pexophagy but Impair Autophagic Flux in HEK-293 and HeLa Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030613. [PMID: 36978861 PMCID: PMC10045779 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are functionally specialized organelles that harbor multiple hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-producing and -degrading enzymes. Given that this oxidant functions as a major redox signaling agent, peroxisomes have the intrinsic ability to mediate and modulate H2O2-driven processes, including autophagy. However, it remains unclear whether changes in peroxisomal H2O2 (po-H2O2) emission impact the autophagic process and to which extent peroxisomes with a disturbed H2O2 metabolism are selectively eliminated through a process called “pexophagy”. To address these issues, we generated and validated HEK-293 and HeLa pexophagy reporter cell lines in which the production of po-H2O2 can be modulated. We demonstrate that (i) po-H2O2 can oxidatively modify multiple selective autophagy receptors and core autophagy proteins, (ii) neither modest nor robust levels of po-H2O2 emission act as a prime determinant of pexophagy, and (iii) high levels of po-H2O2 impair autophagic flux by oxidative inhibition of enzymes involved in LC3II formation. Unexpectedly, our analyses also revealed that the autophagy receptor optineurin can be recruited to peroxisomes, thereby triggering pexophagy. In summary, these findings lend support to the idea that, during cellular and organismal aging, peroxisomes with enhanced H2O2 release can escape pexophagy and downregulate autophagic activity, thereby perpetuating the accumulation of damaged and toxic cellular debris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Li
- Laboratory of Peroxisome Biology and Intracellular Communication, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Celien Lismont
- Laboratory of Peroxisome Biology and Intracellular Communication, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cláudio F. Costa
- Laboratory of Peroxisome Biology and Intracellular Communication, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mohamed A. F. Hussein
- Laboratory of Peroxisome Biology and Intracellular Communication, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Asyut 71515, Egypt
| | - Myriam Baes
- Laboratory of Cell Metabolism, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Fransen
- Laboratory of Peroxisome Biology and Intracellular Communication, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-16-330114
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8
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Deb R, Nagotu S. The nexus between peroxisome abundance and chronological ageing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biogerontology 2023; 24:81-97. [PMID: 36209442 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-09992-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is characterized by changes in several cellular processes, with dysregulation of peroxisome function being one of them. Interestingly, the most conserved function of peroxisomes, ROS homeostasis, is strongly associated with ageing and age-associated pathologies. Previous studies have identified a role for peroxisomes in the regulation of chronological lifespan in yeast. In this study, we report the effect of altered peroxisome number on the chronological lifespan of yeast in two different growth media conditions. Three mutants, pex11, pex25 and pex27, defective in peroxisome fission, have been thoroughly investigated for the chronological lifespan. Reduced chronological lifespan of all the mutants was observed in peroxisome-inducing growth conditions. Furthermore, the combined deletion pex11pex25 exhibited the most prominent reduction in lifespan. Interestingly altered peroxisomal phenotype upon ageing was observed in all the cells. Increased ROS accumulation and reduced catalase activity was exhibited by chronologically aged mutant cells. Interestingly, mutants with reduced number of peroxisomes concomitantly also exhibited an accumulation of free fatty acids and increased number of lipid droplets. Taken together, our results reveal a previously unrealized effect of fission proteins in the chronological lifespan of yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachayeeta Deb
- Organelle Biology and Cellular Ageing Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Shirisha Nagotu
- Organelle Biology and Cellular Ageing Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
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Kunze M. Computational Evaluation of Peroxisomal Targeting Signals in Metazoa. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2643:391-404. [PMID: 36952201 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3048-8_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Most soluble proteins enclosed in peroxisomes encode either type-1 or type-2 peroxisomal targeting signals (PTS1 or PTS2), which act as postal codes and define the proteins' intracellular destination. Thus, various computational programs have been developed to evaluate the probability of specific peptide sequences for being a functional PTS or to scan the primary sequence of proteins for such signals. Among these prediction algorithms the PTS1-predictor ( https://mendel.imp.ac.at/pts1/ ) has been amply used, but the research logic of this and other PTS1 prediction tools is occasionally misjudged giving rise to characteristic pitfalls. Here, a proper utilization of the PTS1-predictor is introduced together with a framework of additional tests to increase the validity of the interpretation of results. Moreover, a list of possible causes for a mismatch between results of such predictions and experimental outcomes is provided. However, the foundational arguments apply to other prediction tools for PTS1 motifs as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Kunze
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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10
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Zalckvar E, Schuldiner M. Beyond rare disorders: A new era for peroxisomal pathophysiology. Mol Cell 2022; 82:2228-2235. [PMID: 35714584 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism is emerging as a central influencer of multiple disease states in humans. Peroxisomes are central metabolic organelles whose decreased function gives rise to severe peroxisomal diseases. Recently, it is becoming clear that, beyond such rare inborn errors, the deterioration of peroxisomal functions contributes to multiple and prevalent diseases such as cancer, viral infection, diabetes, and neurodegeneration. Despite the clear importance of peroxisomes in common pathophysiological processes, research on the mechanisms underlying their contributions is still sparse. Here, we highlight the timeliness of focusing on peroxisomes in current research on central, abundant, and society-impacting human pathologies. As peroxisomes are now coming into the spotlight, it is clear that intensive research into these important organelles will enable a better understanding of their contribution to human health, serving as the basis to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to prevent and treat human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einat Zalckvar
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Maya Schuldiner
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
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11
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Increased peroxisome proliferation is associated with early yeast replicative ageing. Curr Genet 2022; 68:207-225. [DOI: 10.1007/s00294-022-01233-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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12
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Protective Role of Melatonin and Its Metabolites in Skin Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031238. [PMID: 35163162 PMCID: PMC8835651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin, being the largest organ in the human body, is exposed to the environment and suffers from both intrinsic and extrinsic aging factors. The skin aging process is characterized by several clinical features such as wrinkling, loss of elasticity, and rough-textured appearance. This complex process is accompanied with phenotypic and functional changes in cutaneous and immune cells, as well as structural and functional disturbances in extracellular matrix components such as collagens and elastin. Because skin health is considered one of the principal factors representing overall “well-being” and the perception of “health” in humans, several anti-aging strategies have recently been developed. Thus, while the fundamental mechanisms regarding skin aging are known, new substances should be considered for introduction into dermatological treatments. Herein, we describe melatonin and its metabolites as potential “aging neutralizers”. Melatonin, an evolutionarily ancient derivative of serotonin with hormonal properties, is the main neuroendocrine secretory product of the pineal gland. It regulates circadian rhythmicity and also exerts anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-tumor capacities. The intention of this review is to summarize changes within skin aging, research advances on the molecular mechanisms leading to these changes, and the impact of the melatoninergic anti-oxidative system controlled by melatonin and its metabolites, targeting the prevention or reversal of skin aging.
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Kim J, Bai H. Peroxisomal Stress Response and Inter-Organelle Communication in Cellular Homeostasis and Aging. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:192. [PMID: 35204075 PMCID: PMC8868334 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are key regulators of cellular and metabolic homeostasis. These organelles play important roles in redox metabolism, the oxidation of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), and the biosynthesis of ether phospholipids. Given the essential role of peroxisomes in cellular homeostasis, peroxisomal dysfunction has been linked to various pathological conditions, tissue functional decline, and aging. In the past few decades, a variety of cellular signaling and metabolic changes have been reported to be associated with defective peroxisomes, suggesting that many cellular processes and functions depend on peroxisomes. Peroxisomes communicate with other subcellular organelles, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and lysosomes. These inter-organelle communications are highly linked to the key mechanisms by which cells surveil defective peroxisomes and mount adaptive responses to protect them from damages. In this review, we highlight the major cellular changes that accompany peroxisomal dysfunction and peroxisomal inter-organelle communication through membrane contact sites, metabolic signaling, and retrograde signaling. We also discuss the age-related decline of peroxisomal protein import and its role in animal aging and age-related diseases. Unlike other organelle stress response pathways, such as the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the ER and mitochondria, the cellular signaling pathways that mediate stress responses to malfunctioning peroxisomes have not been systematically studied and investigated. Here, we coin these signaling pathways as "peroxisomal stress response pathways". Understanding peroxisomal stress response pathways and how peroxisomes communicate with other organelles are important and emerging areas of peroxisome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinoh Kim
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Hua Bai
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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14
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Li H, Lismont C, Revenco I, Hussein MAF, Costa CF, Fransen M. The Peroxisome-Autophagy Redox Connection: A Double-Edged Sword? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:814047. [PMID: 34977048 PMCID: PMC8717923 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.814047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes harbor numerous enzymes that can produce or degrade hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Depending on its local concentration and environment, this oxidant can function as a redox signaling molecule or cause stochastic oxidative damage. Currently, it is well-accepted that dysfunctional peroxisomes are selectively removed by the autophagy-lysosome pathway. This process, known as "pexophagy," may serve a protective role in curbing peroxisome-derived oxidative stress. Peroxisomes also have the intrinsic ability to mediate and modulate H2O2-driven processes, including (selective) autophagy. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these phenomena are multifaceted and have only recently begun to receive the attention they deserve. This review provides a comprehensive overview of what is known about the bidirectional relationship between peroxisomal H2O2 metabolism and (selective) autophagy. After introducing the general concepts of (selective) autophagy, we critically examine the emerging roles of H2O2 as one of the key modulators of the lysosome-dependent catabolic program. In addition, we explore possible relationships among peroxisome functioning, cellular H2O2 levels, and autophagic signaling in health and disease. Finally, we highlight the most important challenges that need to be tackled to understand how alterations in peroxisomal H2O2 metabolism contribute to autophagy-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Li
- Laboratory of Peroxisome Biology and Intracellular Communication, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Celien Lismont
- Laboratory of Peroxisome Biology and Intracellular Communication, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Iulia Revenco
- Laboratory of Peroxisome Biology and Intracellular Communication, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mohamed A. F. Hussein
- Laboratory of Peroxisome Biology and Intracellular Communication, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt
| | - Cláudio F. Costa
- Laboratory of Peroxisome Biology and Intracellular Communication, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Fransen
- Laboratory of Peroxisome Biology and Intracellular Communication, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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15
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Papandreou ME, Tavernarakis N. Selective Autophagy as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Age-Associated Pathologies. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11090588. [PMID: 34564405 PMCID: PMC8472713 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive accumulation of damaged cellular constituents contributes to age-related diseases. Autophagy is the main catabolic process, which recycles cellular material in a multitude of tissues and organs. Autophagy is activated upon nutrient deprivation, and oncogenic, heat or oxidative stress-induced stimuli to selectively degrade cell constituents and compartments. Specificity and accuracy of the autophagic process is maintained via the precision of interaction of autophagy receptors or adaptors and substrates by the intricate, stepwise orchestration of specialized integrating stimuli. Polymorphisms in genes regulating selective autophagy have been linked to aging and age-associated disorders. The involvement of autophagy perturbations in aging and disease indicates that pharmacological agents balancing autophagic flux may be beneficial, in these contexts. Here, we introduce the modes and mechanisms of selective autophagy, and survey recent experimental evidence of dysfunctional autophagy triggering severe pathology. We further highlight identified pharmacological targets that hold potential for developing therapeutic interventions to alleviate cellular autophagic cargo burden and associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita-Elena Papandreou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Correspondence:
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16
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Abstract
The health of a cell requires proper functioning, regulation, and quality control of its organelles, the membrane-enclosed compartments inside the cell that carry out its essential biochemical tasks. Aging commonly perturbs organelle homeostasis, causing problems to cellular health that can spur the initiation and progression of degenerative diseases and related pathologies. Here, we discuss emerging evidence indicating that age-related defects in organelle homeostasis stem in part from dysfunction of the autophagy-lysosome system, a pivotal player in cellular quality control and damage clearance. We also highlight natural examples from biology where enhanced activity of the autophagy-lysosome system might be harnessed to erase age-related organelle damage, raising potential implications for cellular rejuvenation.
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17
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Osiewacz HD, Schürmanns L. A Network of Pathways Controlling Cellular Homeostasis Affects the Onset of Senescence in Podospora anserina. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7040263. [PMID: 33807190 PMCID: PMC8065454 DOI: 10.3390/jof7040263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on Podospora anserina unraveled a network of molecular pathways affecting biological aging. In particular, a number of pathways active in the control of mitochondria were identified on different levels. A long-known key process active during aging of P. anserina is the age-related reorganization of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Mechanisms involved in the stabilization of the mtDNA lead to lifespan extension. Another critical issue is to balance mitochondrial levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This is important because ROS are essential signaling molecules, but at increased levels cause molecular damage. At a higher level of the network, mechanisms are active in the repair of damaged compounds. However, if damage passes critical limits, the corresponding pathways are overwhelmed and impaired molecules as well as those present in excess are degraded by specific enzymes or via different forms of autophagy. Subsequently, degraded units need to be replaced by novel functional ones. The corresponding processes are dependent on the availability of intact genetic information. Although a number of different pathways involved in the control of cellular homeostasis were uncovered in the past, certainly many more exist. In addition, the signaling pathways involved in the control and coordination of the underlying pathways are only initially understood. In some cases, like the induction of autophagy, ROS are active. Additionally, sensing and signaling the energetic status of the organism plays a key role. The precise mechanisms involved are elusive and remain to be elucidated.
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18
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Bürgi J, Ekal L, Wilmanns M. Versatile allosteric properties in Pex5-like tetratricopeptide repeat proteins to induce diverse downstream function. Traffic 2021; 22:140-152. [PMID: 33580581 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Proteins composed of tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) arrays belong to the α-solenoid tandem-repeat family that have unique properties in terms of their overall conformational flexibility and ability to bind to multiple protein ligands. The peroxisomal matrix protein import receptor Pex5 comprises two TPR triplets that recognize protein cargos with a specific C-terminal Peroxisomal Targeting Signal (PTS) 1 motif. Import of PTS1-containing protein cargos into peroxisomes through a transient pore is mainly driven by allosteric binding, coupling and release mechanisms, without a need for external energy. A very similar TPR architecture is found in the functionally unrelated TRIP8b, a regulator of the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) ion channel. TRIP8b binds to the HCN ion channel via a C-terminal sequence motif that is nearly identical to the PTS1 motif of Pex5 receptor cargos. Pex5, Pex5-related Pex9, and TRIP8b also share a less conserved N-terminal domain. This domain provides a second protein cargo-binding site and plays a distinct role in allosteric coupling of initial cargo loading by PTS1 motif-mediated interactions and different downstream functional readouts. The data reviewed here highlight the overarching role of molecular allostery in driving the diverse functions of TPR array proteins, which could form a model for other α-solenoid tandem-repeat proteins involved in translocation processes across membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Bürgi
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lakhan Ekal
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Wilmanns
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, Hamburg, Germany.,University Hamburg Clinical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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19
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A New Paradigm in Catalase Research. Trends Cell Biol 2021; 31:148-151. [PMID: 33422360 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings provide evidence for dynamic and highly regulated dual subcellular localization of catalase, a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-metabolizing enzyme, in peroxisomes and the cytosol. These data suggest a number of important implications for the field of oxidative stress biology.
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20
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Tu K, Li J, Mo H, Xian Y, Xu Q, Xiao X. Identification and validation of redox-immune based prognostic signature for hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:2030-2041. [PMID: 33850474 PMCID: PMC8040390 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.56289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The intimate interaction between redox signaling and immunity has been widely revealed. However, the clinical application of relevant therapeutic is unavailable due to the absence of validated markers that stratify patients. Here, we identified novel biomarkers for prognosis prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Prognostic redox-immune-related genes for predicting overall survival (OS) of HCC were identified using datasets from TCGA, LIRI-JP, and GSE14520. LASSO Cox regression was employed to construct the signature model and generate a risk score in the TCGA cohort. The signature contained CDO1, G6PD, LDHA, GPD1L, PPARG, FABP4, CCL20, SPP1, RORC, HDAC1, STC2, HDGF, EPO, and IL18RAP. Patients in the high-risk group had a poor prognosis compared to the low-risk group. Univariate and multivariate Cox regressions identified this signature as an independent factor for predicting OS. Nomogram constructed by multiple clinical parameters showed good performance for predicting OS indicated by the c-index, the calibration curve, and AUC. GSEA showed that oxidoreductase activity and peroxisome-related metabolic pathways were enriched in the low-risk group, while glycolysis activity and hypoxia were higher in the high-risk group. Furthermore, immune profiles analysis showed that the immune score and stromal score were significantly decreased in the high-risk group in the TCGA cohort. There was a considerably lower infiltration of anti-tumor immune cells while a higher proportion of pro-tumor immune cells in silico. Immune markers were distinctly expressed between the subgroups, and redox-sensitive immunoregulatory biomarkers were at higher levels in the high-risk group. Altogether, we identified a redox-immune prognostic signature. A more severe redox perturbation-driven immunosuppressive environment in the high-risk group stratified by the signature may account for poor survival. This may provide a clue to the combined therapy targeting redox and immune in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangsheng Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Huanye Mo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yao Xian
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qiuran Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xuelian Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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21
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Ray B, Bhat A, Mahalakshmi AM, Tuladhar S, Bishir M, Mohan SK, Veeraraghavan VP, Chandra R, Essa MM, Chidambaram SB, Sakharkar MK. Mitochondrial and Organellar Crosstalk in Parkinson's Disease. ASN Neuro 2021; 13:17590914211028364. [PMID: 34304614 PMCID: PMC8317254 DOI: 10.1177/17590914211028364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a well-established pathological event in Parkinson's disease (PD). Proteins misfolding and its impaired cellular clearance due to altered autophagy/mitophagy/pexophagy contribute to PD progression. It has been shown that mitochondria have contact sites with endoplasmic reticulum (ER), peroxisomes and lysosomes that are involved in regulating various physiological processes. In pathological conditions, the crosstalk at the contact sites initiates alterations in intracellular vesicular transport, calcium homeostasis and causes activation of proteases, protein misfolding and impairment of autophagy. Apart from the well-reported molecular changes like mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired autophagy/mitophagy and oxidative stress in PD, here we have summarized the recent scientific reports to provide the mechanistic insights on the altered communications between ER, peroxisomes, and lysosomes at mitochondrial contact sites. Furthermore, the manuscript elaborates on the contributions of mitochondrial contact sites and organelles dysfunction to the pathogenesis of PD and suggests potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bipul Ray
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Abid Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | | | - Sunanda Tuladhar
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Muhammed Bishir
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Surapaneni Krishna Mohan
- Department of Biochemistry, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai – 600123, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai - 600 077, India
| | - Ramesh Chandra
- Drug Discovery & Development Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
- Aging and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
- Visiting Professor, Biomedical Sciences department, University of Pacific, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Saravana Babu Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Meena Kishore Sakharkar
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK- S7N 5A2, Canada
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22
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Abe Y, Nishimura Y, Nakamura K, Tamura S, Honsho M, Udo H, Yamashita T, Fujiki Y. Peroxisome Deficiency Impairs BDNF Signaling and Memory. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:567017. [PMID: 33163488 PMCID: PMC7591468 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.567017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome is an intracellular organelle that functions in essential metabolic pathways including β-oxidation of very-long-chain fatty acids and biosynthesis of plasmalogens. Peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBDs) manifest severe dysfunction in multiple organs including central nervous system (CNS), whilst the pathogenic mechanisms are largely unknown. We recently reported that peroxisome-deficient neural cells secrete an increased level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), resulting in the cerebellar malformation. Peroxisomal functions in adulthood brain have been little investigated. To induce the peroxisome deficiency in adulthood brain, we here established tamoxifen-inducible conditional Pex2-knockout mouse. Peroxisome deficiency in the conditional Pex2-knockout adult mouse brain induces the upregulated expression of BDNF and its inactive receptor TrkB-T1 in hippocampus, which notably results in memory disturbance. Our results suggest that peroxisome deficiency gives rise to the dysfunction of hippocampal circuit via the impaired BDNF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Abe
- Division of Organelle Homeostasis, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nishimura
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kaori Nakamura
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigehiko Tamura
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Udo
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshihide Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiki
- Division of Organelle Homeostasis, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Institute of Rheological Functions of Food, Fukuoka, Japan
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23
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Machado-Oliveira G, Ramos C, Marques ARA, Vieira OV. Cell Senescence, Multiple Organelle Dysfunction and Atherosclerosis. Cells 2020; 9:E2146. [PMID: 32977446 PMCID: PMC7598292 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an age-related disorder associated with long-term exposure to cardiovascular risk factors. The asymptomatic progression of atherosclerotic plaques leads to major cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including acute myocardial infarctions or cerebral ischemic strokes in some cases. Senescence, a biological process associated with progressive structural and functional deterioration of cells, tissues and organs, is intricately linked to age-related diseases. Cell senescence involves coordinated modifications in cellular compartments and has been demonstrated to contribute to different stages of atheroma development. Senescence-based therapeutic strategies are currently being pursued to treat and prevent CVD in humans in the near-future. In addition, distinct experimental settings allowed researchers to unravel potential approaches to regulate anti-apoptotic pathways, facilitate excessive senescent cell clearance and eventually reverse atherogenesis to improve cardiovascular function. However, a deeper knowledge is required to fully understand cellular senescence, to clarify senescence and atherogenesis intertwining, allowing researchers to establish more effective treatments and to reduce the cardiovascular disorders' burden. Here, we present an objective review of the key senescence-related alterations of the major intracellular organelles and analyze the role of relevant cell types for senescence and atherogenesis. In this context, we provide an updated analysis of therapeutic approaches, including clinically relevant experiments using senolytic drugs to counteract atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Machado-Oliveira
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.R.); (A.R.A.M.)
| | | | | | - Otília V. Vieira
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.R.); (A.R.A.M.)
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24
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Uzor NE, Scheihing DM, Kim GS, Moruno-Manchon JF, Zhu L, Reynolds CR, Stephenson JM, Holmes A, McCullough LD, Tsvetkov AS. Aging lowers PEX5 levels in cortical neurons in male and female mouse brains. Mol Cell Neurosci 2020; 107:103536. [PMID: 32777345 PMCID: PMC7484460 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes exist in nearly every cell, oxidizing fats, synthesizing lipids and maintaining redox balance. As the brain ages, multiple pathways are negatively affected, but it is currently unknown if peroxisomal proteins are affected by aging in the brain. While recent studies have investigated a PEX5 homolog in aging C. elegans models and found that it is reduced in aging, it is unclear if PEX5, a mammalian peroxisomal protein that plays a role in peroxisomal homeostasis and degradation, is affected in the aging brain. To answer this question, we first determined the amount of PEX5, in brain homogenates from young (3 months) and aged (26 through 32+ months of age) wild-type mice of both sexes. PEX5 protein was decreased in aged male brains, but this reduction was not significant in female brains. RNAScope and real-time qPCR analyses showed that Pex5 mRNA was also reduced in aged male brain cortices, but not in females. Immunohistochemistry assays of cortical neurons in young and aged male brains showed that the amount of neuronal PEX5 was reduced in aged male brains. Cortical neurons in aged female mice also had reduced PEX5 levels in comparison to younger female mice. In conclusion, total PEX5 levels and Pex5 gene expression both decrease with age in male brains, and neuronal PEX5 levels lower in an age-dependent manner in the cortices of animals of both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ndidi-Ese Uzor
- University of Texas MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neurology, the University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston 77030, TX, USA
| | - Diego Morales Scheihing
- Department of Neurology, the University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston 77030, TX, USA
| | - Gab Seok Kim
- Department of Neurology, the University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston 77030, TX, USA
| | - Jose Felix Moruno-Manchon
- Department of Neurology, the University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston 77030, TX, USA
| | - Liang Zhu
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Research Design, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston 77030, TX, USA
| | - Caroline R Reynolds
- Department of Neurology, the University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston 77030, TX, USA
| | - Jessica M Stephenson
- Department of Neurology, the University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston 77030, TX, USA
| | - Aleah Holmes
- Department of Neurology, the University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston 77030, TX, USA
| | - Louise D McCullough
- University of Texas MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neurology, the University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston 77030, TX, USA; UTHealth Consortium on Aging, the University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston 77030, TX, USA
| | - Andrey S Tsvetkov
- University of Texas MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neurology, the University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston 77030, TX, USA; UTHealth Consortium on Aging, the University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston 77030, TX, USA.
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25
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Okumoto K, El Shermely M, Natsui M, Kosako H, Natsuyama R, Marutani T, Fujiki Y. The peroxisome counteracts oxidative stresses by suppressing catalase import via Pex14 phosphorylation. eLife 2020; 9:55896. [PMID: 32831175 PMCID: PMC7498260 DOI: 10.7554/elife.55896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of peroxisomal matrix proteins including a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-decomposing enzyme, catalase, are imported in a peroxisome-targeting signal type-1 (PTS1)-dependent manner. However, little is known about regulation of the membrane-bound protein import machinery. Here, we report that Pex14, a central component of the protein translocation complex in peroxisomal membrane, is phosphorylated in response to oxidative stresses such as H2O2 in mammalian cells. The H2O2-induced phosphorylation of Pex14 at Ser232 suppresses peroxisomal import of catalase in vivo and selectively impairs in vitro the interaction of catalase with the Pex14-Pex5 complex. A phosphomimetic mutant Pex14-S232D elevates the level of cytosolic catalase, but not canonical PTS1-proteins, conferring higher cell resistance to H2O2. We thus suggest that the H2O2-induced phosphorylation of Pex14 spatiotemporally regulates peroxisomal import of catalase, functioning in counteracting action against oxidative stress by the increase of cytosolic catalase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanji Okumoto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mahmoud El Shermely
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masanao Natsui
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kosako
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Natsuyama
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Marutani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiki
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Institute of Rheological Functions of Food, Hisayama-machi, Fukuoka, Japan
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26
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Abstract
Peroxisomes are metabolic organelles involved in lipid metabolism and cellular redox balance. Peroxisomal function is central to fatty acid oxidation, ether phospholipid synthesis, bile acid synthesis, and reactive oxygen species homeostasis. Human disorders caused by genetic mutations in peroxisome genes have led to extensive studies on peroxisome biology. Peroxisomal defects are linked to metabolic dysregulation in diverse human diseases, such as neurodegeneration and age-related disorders, revealing the significance of peroxisome metabolism in human health. Cancer is a disease with metabolic aberrations. Despite the critical role of peroxisomes in cell metabolism, the functional effects of peroxisomes in cancer are not as well recognized as those of other metabolic organelles, such as mitochondria. In addition, the significance of peroxisomes in cancer is less appreciated than it is in degenerative diseases. In this review, I summarize the metabolic pathways in peroxisomes and the dysregulation of peroxisome metabolism in cancer. In addition, I discuss the potential of inactivating peroxisomes to target cancer metabolism, which may pave the way for more effective cancer treatment.
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27
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Impaired peroxisomal import in Drosophila oenocytes causes cardiac dysfunction by inducing upd3 as a peroxikine. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2943. [PMID: 32523050 PMCID: PMC7286907 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16781-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a chronic, low-grade inflammation, which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. It remains poorly understood whether pro-inflammatory factors released from non-cardiac tissues contribute to the non-autonomous regulation of age-related cardiac dysfunction. Here, we report that age-dependent induction of cytokine unpaired 3 (upd3) in Drosophila oenocytes (hepatocyte-like cells) is the primary non-autonomous mechanism for cardiac aging. We show that upd3 is significantly up-regulated in aged oenocytes. Oenocyte-specific knockdown of upd3 is sufficient to block aging-induced cardiac arrhythmia. We further show that the age-dependent induction of upd3 is triggered by impaired peroxisomal import and elevated JNK signaling in aged oenocytes. We term hormonal factors induced by peroxisome dysfunction as peroxikines. Intriguingly, oenocyte-specific overexpression of Pex5, the key peroxisomal import receptor, blocks age-related upd3 induction and alleviates cardiac arrhythmicity. Thus, our studies identify an important role of hepatocyte-specific peroxisomal import in mediating non-autonomous regulation of cardiac aging.
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28
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Abstract
Rising CO2 concentrations and their effects on plant productivity present challenging issues. Effects on the photosynthesis/photorespiration balance and changes in primary metabolism are known, caused by the competitive interaction of CO2 and O2 at the active site of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. However, impacts on stress resistance are less clear. Reactive oxygen species are key players in biotic and abiotic stress responses, but there is no consensus on whether elevated CO2 constitutes a stress. Although high CO2 increases yield in C3 plants, it can also increase cellular oxidation and activate phytohormone defense pathways. Reduction-oxidation processes play key roles in acclimation to high CO2, with specific enzymes acting in compartment-specific signaling. Traditionally, acclimation to high CO2 has been considered in terms of altered carbon gain, but emerging evidence suggests that CO2 is a signal as well as a substrate. Some CO2 effects on defense are likely mediated independently of primary metabolism. Nonetheless, primary photosynthetic metabolism is highly integrated with defense and stress signaling pathways, meaning that plants will be able to acclimate to the changing environment over the coming decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, United Kingdom;
| | - Graham Noctor
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université d'Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405 Orsay, France;
- Université de Paris, CNRS, INRAE, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405 Orsay, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF)
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29
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Ray GJ, Boydston EA, Shortt E, Wyant GA, Lourido S, Chen WW, Sabatini DM. A PEROXO-Tag Enables Rapid Isolation of Peroxisomes from Human Cells. iScience 2020; 23:101109. [PMID: 32417403 PMCID: PMC7254474 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are metabolic organelles that perform a diverse array of critical functions in human physiology. Traditional isolation methods for peroxisomes can take more than 1 h to complete and can be laborious to implement. To address this, we have now extended our prior work on rapid organellar isolation to peroxisomes via the development of a peroxisomally localized 3XHA epitope tag ("PEROXO-Tag") and associated immunoprecipitation ("PEROXO-IP") workflow. Our PEROXO-IP workflow has excellent reproducibility, is easy to implement, and achieves highly rapid (~10 min post homogenization) and specific isolation of human peroxisomes, which we characterize here via proteomic profiling. By offering speed, specificity, reproducibility, and ease of use, the PEROXO-IP workflow should facilitate studies on the biology of peroxisomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Jordan Ray
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Boydston
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Emily Shortt
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Gregory A Wyant
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Sebastian Lourido
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Walter W Chen
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - David M Sabatini
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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30
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Abe Y, Honsho M, Kawaguchi R, Matsuzaki T, Ichiki Y, Fujitani M, Fujiwara K, Hirokane M, Oku M, Sakai Y, Yamashita T, Fujiki Y. A peroxisome deficiency-induced reductive cytosol state up-regulates the brain-derived neurotrophic factor pathway. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:5321-5334. [PMID: 32165495 PMCID: PMC7170515 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The peroxisome is a subcellular organelle that functions in essential metabolic pathways, including biosynthesis of plasmalogens, fatty acid β-oxidation of very-long-chain fatty acids, and degradation of hydrogen peroxide. Peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBDs) manifest as severe dysfunction in multiple organs, including the central nervous system (CNS), but the pathogenic mechanisms in PBDs are largely unknown. Because CNS integrity is coordinately established and maintained by neural cell interactions, we here investigated whether cell-cell communication is impaired and responsible for the neurological defects associated with PBDs. Results from a noncontact co-culture system consisting of primary hippocampal neurons with glial cells revealed that a peroxisome-deficient astrocytic cell line secretes increased levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), resulting in axonal branching of the neurons. Of note, the BDNF expression in astrocytes was not affected by defects in plasmalogen biosynthesis and peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation in the astrocytes. Instead, we found that cytosolic reductive states caused by a mislocalized catalase in the peroxisome-deficient cells induce the elevation in BDNF secretion. Our results suggest that peroxisome deficiency dysregulates neuronal axogenesis by causing a cytosolic reductive state in astrocytes. We conclude that astrocytic peroxisomes regulate BDNF expression and thereby support neuronal integrity and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Abe
- Division of Organelle Homeostasis, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masanori Honsho
- Division of Organelle Homeostasis, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Institute of Rheological Functions of Food, Hisayama-machi, Fukuoka 811-2501, Japan
| | - Ryoko Kawaguchi
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsuzaki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yayoi Ichiki
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Masashi Fujitani
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Kazushirou Fujiwara
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masaaki Hirokane
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masahide Oku
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Sakai
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Toshihide Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiki
- Division of Organelle Homeostasis, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Institute of Rheological Functions of Food, Hisayama-machi, Fukuoka 811-2501, Japan.
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31
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Otoupalova E, Smith S, Cheng G, Thannickal VJ. Oxidative Stress in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Compr Physiol 2020; 10:509-547. [PMID: 32163196 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c190017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been linked to various disease states as well as physiological aging. The lungs are uniquely exposed to a highly oxidizing environment and have evolved several mechanisms to attenuate oxidative stress. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive age-related disorder that leads to architectural remodeling, impaired gas exchange, respiratory failure, and death. In this article, we discuss cellular sources of oxidant production, and antioxidant defenses, both enzymatic and nonenzymatic. We outline the current understanding of the pathogenesis of IPF and how oxidative stress contributes to fibrosis. Further, we link oxidative stress to the biology of aging that involves DNA damage responses, loss of proteostasis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. We discuss the recent findings on the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in specific fibrotic processes such as macrophage polarization and immunosenescence, alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis and senescence, myofibroblast differentiation and senescence, and alterations in the acellular extracellular matrix. Finally, we provide an overview of the current preclinical studies and clinical trials targeting oxidative stress in fibrosis and potential new strategies for future therapeutic interventions. © 2020 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 10:509-547, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Otoupalova
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Sam Smith
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Guangjie Cheng
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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32
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Uzor NE, McCullough LD, Tsvetkov AS. Peroxisomal Dysfunction in Neurological Diseases and Brain Aging. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:44. [PMID: 32210766 PMCID: PMC7075811 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes exist in most cells, where they participate in lipid metabolism, as well as scavenging the reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are produced as by-products of their metabolic functions. In certain tissues such as the liver and kidneys, peroxisomes have more specific roles, such as bile acid synthesis in the liver and steroidogenesis in the adrenal glands. In the brain, peroxisomes are critically involved in creating and maintaining the lipid content of cell membranes and the myelin sheath, highlighting their importance in the central nervous system (CNS). This review summarizes the peroxisomal lifecycle, then examines the literature that establishes a link between peroxisomal dysfunction, cellular aging, and age-related disorders that affect the CNS. This review also discusses the gap of knowledge in research on peroxisomes in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ndidi-Ese Uzor
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Louise D. McCullough
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States
- UTHealth Consortium on Aging, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Andrey S. Tsvetkov
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
- UTHealth Consortium on Aging, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States
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33
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Houri K, Mori T, Onodera Y, Tsujimoto T, Takehara T, Nakao S, Teramura T, Fukuda K. miR-142 induces accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by inhibiting pexophagy in aged bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3735. [PMID: 32111926 PMCID: PMC7048811 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60346-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevation of the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a major tissue-degenerative phenomenon involved in aging and aging-related diseases. The detailed mechanisms underlying aging-related ROS generation remain unclear. Presently, the expression of microRNA (miR)-142-5p was significantly upregulated in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) of aged mice. Overexpression of miR-142 and subsequent observation revealed that miR-142 involved ROS accumulation through the disruption of selective autophagy for peroxisomes (pexophagy). Mechanistically, attenuation of acetyltransferase Ep300 triggered the upregulation of miR-142 in aged BMMSCs, and miR-142 targeted endothelial PAS domain protein 1 (Epas1) was identified as a regulatory protein of pexophagy. These findings support a novel molecular mechanism relating aging-associated ROS generation and organelle degradation in BMMSCs, and suggest a potential therapeutic target for aging-associated disorders that are accompanied by stem cell degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Houri
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsufumi Mori
- Kindai University Life Science Research Institute, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuta Onodera
- Division of Cell Biology for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Tsujimoto
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Takehara
- Division of Cell Biology for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinichi Nakao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Teramura
- Division of Cell Biology for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Kanji Fukuda
- Division of Cell Biology for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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34
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Germain K, Kim PK. Pexophagy: A Model for Selective Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020578. [PMID: 31963200 PMCID: PMC7013971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The removal of damaged or superfluous organelles from the cytosol by selective autophagy is required to maintain organelle function, quality control and overall cellular homeostasis. Precisely how substrate selectivity is achieved, and how individual substrates are degraded during selective autophagy in response to both extracellular and intracellular cues is not well understood. The aim of this review is to highlight pexophagy, the autophagic degradation of peroxisomes, as a model for selective autophagy. Peroxisomes are dynamic organelles whose abundance is rapidly modulated in response to metabolic demands. Peroxisomes are routinely turned over by pexophagy for organelle quality control yet can also be degraded by pexophagy in response to external stimuli such as amino acid starvation or hypoxia. This review discusses the molecular machinery and regulatory mechanisms governing substrate selectivity during both quality-control pexophagy and pexophagy in response to external stimuli, in yeast and mammalian systems. We draw lessons from pexophagy to infer how the cell may coordinate the degradation of individual substrates by selective autophagy across different cellular cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyla Germain
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada;
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Peter K. Kim
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada;
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-416-813-5983
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35
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Okumoto K, Tamura S, Honsho M, Fujiki Y. Peroxisome: Metabolic Functions and Biogenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1299:3-17. [PMID: 33417203 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-60204-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome is an organelle conserved in almost all eukaryotic cells with a variety of functions in cellular metabolism, including fatty acid β-oxidation, synthesis of ether glycerolipid plasmalogens, and redox homeostasis. Such metabolic functions and the exclusive importance of peroxisomes have been highlighted in fatal human genetic disease called peroxisomal biogenesis disorders (PBDs). Recent advances in this field have identified over 30 PEX genes encoding peroxins as essential factors for peroxisome biogenesis in various species from yeast to humans. Functional delineation of the peroxins has revealed that peroxisome biogenesis comprises the processes, involving peroxisomal membrane assembly, matrix protein import, division, and proliferation. Catalase, the most abundant peroxisomal enzyme, catalyzes decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Peroxisome plays pivotal roles in the cellular redox homeostasis and the response to oxidative stresses, depending on intracellular localization of catalase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanji Okumoto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | - Yukio Fujiki
- Institute of Rheological Functions of Food, Fukuoka, Japan. .,Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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36
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Sharma A, Smith HJ, Yao P, Mair WB. Causal roles of mitochondrial dynamics in longevity and healthy aging. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e48395. [PMID: 31667999 PMCID: PMC6893295 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are organized in the cell in the form of a dynamic, interconnected network. Mitochondrial dynamics, regulated by mitochondrial fission, fusion, and trafficking, ensure restructuring of this complex reticulum in response to nutrient availability, molecular signals, and cellular stress. Aberrant mitochondrial structures have long been observed in aging and age-related diseases indicating that mitochondrial dynamics are compromised as cells age. However, the specific mechanisms by which aging affects mitochondrial dynamics and whether these changes are causally or casually associated with cellular and organismal aging is not clear. Here, we review recent studies that show specifically how mitochondrial fission, fusion, and trafficking are altered with age. We discuss factors that change with age to directly or indirectly influence mitochondrial dynamics while examining causal roles for altered mitochondrial dynamics in healthy aging and underlying functional outputs that might affect longevity. Lastly, we propose that altered mitochondrial dynamics might not just be a passive consequence of aging but might constitute an adaptive mechanism to mitigate age-dependent cellular impairments and might be targeted to increase longevity and promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Complex DiseasesHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - Hannah J Smith
- Department of Genetics and Complex DiseasesHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - Pallas Yao
- Department of Genetics and Complex DiseasesHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - William B Mair
- Department of Genetics and Complex DiseasesHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
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37
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Daniele LL, Caughey J, Volland S, Sharp RC, Dhingra A, Williams DS, Philp NJ, Boesze-Battaglia K. Peroxisome turnover and diurnal modulation of antioxidant activity in retinal pigment epithelia utilizes microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B). Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 317:C1194-C1204. [PMID: 31577510 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00185.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) supports the outer retina through essential roles in the retinoid cycle, nutrient supply, ion exchange, and waste removal. Each day the RPE removes the oldest ~10% of photoreceptor outer segment (OS) disk membranes through phagocytic uptake, which peaks following light onset. Impaired degradation of phagocytosed OS material by the RPE can lead to toxic accumulation of lipids, oxidative tissue damage, inflammation, and cell death. OSs are rich in very long chain fatty acids, which are preferentially catabolized in peroxisomes. Despite the importance of lipid degradation in RPE function, the regulation of peroxisome number and activity relative to diurnal OS ingestion is relatively unexplored. Using immunohistochemistry, immunoblot analysis, and catalase activity assays, we investigated peroxisome abundance and activity at 6 AM, 7 AM (light onset), 8 AM, and 3 PM, in wild-type (WT) mice and mice lacking microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (Lc3b), which have impaired phagosome degradation. We found that catalase activity, but not the amount of catalase protein, is 50% higher in the morning compared with 3 PM, in RPE of WT, but not Lc3b-/-, mice. Surprisingly, we found that peroxisome abundance was stable during the day in RPE of WT mice; however, numbers were elevated overall in Lc3b-/- mice, implicating LC3B in autophagic organelle turnover in RPE. Our data suggest that RPE peroxisome function is regulated in coordination with phagocytosis, possibly through direct enzyme regulation, and may serve to prepare RPE peroxisomes for daily surges in ingested lipid-rich OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren L Daniele
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer Caughey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Stefanie Volland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Rachel C Sharp
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Anuradha Dhingra
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David S Williams
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nancy J Philp
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kathleen Boesze-Battaglia
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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38
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Lismont C, Koster J, Provost S, Baes M, Van Veldhoven PP, Waterham HR, Fransen M. Deciphering the potential involvement of PXMP2 and PEX11B in hydrogen peroxide permeation across the peroxisomal membrane reveals a role for PEX11B in protein sorting. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1861:182991. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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39
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Di Cara F, Andreoletti P, Trompier D, Vejux A, Bülow MH, Sellin J, Lizard G, Cherkaoui-Malki M, Savary S. Peroxisomes in Immune Response and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163877. [PMID: 31398943 PMCID: PMC6721249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune response is essential to protect organisms from infection and an altered self. An organism’s overall metabolic status is now recognized as an important and long-overlooked mediator of immunity and has spurred new explorations of immune-related metabolic abnormalities. Peroxisomes are essential metabolic organelles with a central role in the synthesis and turnover of complex lipids and reactive species. Peroxisomes have recently been identified as pivotal regulators of immune functions and inflammation in the development and during infection, defining a new branch of immunometabolism. This review summarizes the current evidence that has helped to identify peroxisomes as central regulators of immunity and highlights the peroxisomal proteins and metabolites that have acquired relevance in human pathologies for their link to the development of inflammation, neuropathies, aging and cancer. This review then describes how peroxisomes govern immune signaling strategies such as phagocytosis and cytokine production and their relevance in fighting bacterial and viral infections. The mechanisms by which peroxisomes either control the activation of the immune response or trigger cellular metabolic changes that activate and resolve immune responses are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Di Cara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS B3K 6R8, Canada
| | - Pierre Andreoletti
- Lab. Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Bd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Doriane Trompier
- Lab. Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Bd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Anne Vejux
- Lab. Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Bd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Margret H Bülow
- Molecular Developmental Biology, Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Sellin
- Molecular Developmental Biology, Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gérard Lizard
- Lab. Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Bd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Mustapha Cherkaoui-Malki
- Lab. Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Bd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Stéphane Savary
- Lab. Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Bd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France.
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Peroxisomal Hydrogen Peroxide Metabolism and Signaling in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153673. [PMID: 31357514 PMCID: PMC6695606 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a non-radical reactive oxygen species generated during many (patho)physiological conditions, is currently universally recognized as an important mediator of redox-regulated processes. Depending on its spatiotemporal accumulation profile, this molecule may act as a signaling messenger or cause oxidative damage. The focus of this review is to comprehensively evaluate the evidence that peroxisomes, organelles best known for their role in cellular lipid metabolism, also serve as hubs in the H2O2 signaling network. We first briefly introduce the basic concepts of how H2O2 can drive cellular signaling events. Next, we outline the peroxisomal enzyme systems involved in H2O2 metabolism in mammals and reflect on how this oxidant can permeate across the organellar membrane. In addition, we provide an up-to-date overview of molecular targets and biological processes that can be affected by changes in peroxisomal H2O2 metabolism. Where possible, emphasis is placed on the molecular mechanisms and factors involved. From the data presented, it is clear that there are still numerous gaps in our knowledge. Therefore, gaining more insight into how peroxisomes are integrated in the cellular H2O2 signaling network is of key importance to unravel the precise role of peroxisomal H2O2 production and scavenging in normal and pathological conditions.
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Pérez-Estrada JR, Hernández-García D, Leyva-Castro F, Ramos-León J, Cuevas-Benítez O, Díaz-Muñoz M, Castro-Obregón S, Ramírez-Solís R, García C, Covarrubias L. Reduced lifespan of mice lacking catalase correlates with altered lipid metabolism without oxidative damage or premature aging. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 135:102-115. [PMID: 30818059 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between the mechanisms that underlie longevity and aging and the metabolic alterations due to feeding conditions has not been completely defined. In the present work, through the deletion of the gene encoding catalase, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was uncovered as a relevant regulator of longevity and of liver metabolism. Mice lacking catalase (Cat-/-) fed ad libitum with a regular diet showed a shorter lifespan than wild type mice, which correlated with reduced body weight, blood glucose levels and liver fat accumulation, but not with increased oxidative damage or consistent premature aging. High fat diet (HFD) and fasting increased oxidative damage in the liver of wild type animals but, unexpectedly, this was not the case for that of Cat-/- mice. Interestingly, although HFD feeding similarly increased the body weight of Cat-/- and wild-type mice, hyperglycemia and liver steatosis did not develop in the former. Fat accumulation due to fasting, on the other hand, was diminished in mice lacking catalase, which correlated with increased risk of death and low ketone body blood levels. Alteration in expression of some metabolic genes in livers of catalase deficient mice was consistent with reduced lipogenesis. Specifically, Pparγ2 expression up-regulation in response to a HFD and down-regulation upon fasting was lower and higher, respectively, in livers of Cat-/- than of wild type mice, and a marked decay was observed during Cat-/- mice aging. We propose that catalase regulates lipid metabolism in the liver by an evolutionary conserved mechanism that is determinant of lifespan without affecting general oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Raúl Pérez-Estrada
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mor, Mexico
| | - David Hernández-García
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mor, Mexico
| | - Francisco Leyva-Castro
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mor, Mexico
| | - Javier Ramos-León
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mor, Mexico
| | - Osiris Cuevas-Benítez
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mor, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Díaz-Muñoz
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mor, Mexico
| | - Susana Castro-Obregón
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mor, Mexico
| | | | - Celina García
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mor, Mexico
| | - Luis Covarrubias
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mor, Mexico.
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Bouska M, Huang K, Kang P, Bai H. Organelle aging: Lessons from model organisms. J Genet Genomics 2019; 46:171-185. [PMID: 31080045 PMCID: PMC6553499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Most cellular processes descend into failure during aging. While a large collection of longevity pathways has been identified in the past decades, the mechanism for age-related decline of cellular homeostasis and organelle function remains largely unsolved. It is known that many organelles undergo structural and functional changes during normal aging, which significantly contributes to the decline of tissue function at old ages. Since recent studies have revealed an emerging role of organelles as regulatory hubs in maintaining cellular homeostasis, understanding of organelle aging will provide important insights into the cellular basis of organismal aging. Here we review current progress on the characterization of age-dependent structural and functional alterations in the more well-studied organelles, as well as the known mechanisms governing organelle aging in model organisms, with a special focus on the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bouska
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Kerui Huang
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Ping Kang
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Hua Bai
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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Liu F, Zaman WQ, Peng H, Li C, Cao X, Huang K, Cui C, Zhang W, Lin K, Luo Q. Ecotoxicity of Caenorhabditis elegans following a step and repeated chronic exposure to tetrabromobisphenol A. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 169:273-281. [PMID: 30453175 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To better understand the toxicity of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), its effects on the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans were investigated. Following a step and repeated chronic exposure from L4-larvae to day-10 adult, physiology endpoints (growth and locomotion behaviors including head thrashes, body bends and pumping rate), biochemical endpoints (reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase activity, catalase activity), and molecular stress-related gene expression were tested at environmentally relevant concentrations of TBBPA (0.01-100 µg/L). The results showed that concentrations of TBBPA greater than 10 µg/L, clearly influenced the physiology behaviors (growth and locomotion endpoints). Under repeated exposure, C. elegans exhibited adaptive responses in head thrashes and pumping rate. Compared to toxicity evaluation following repeated chronic exposure, a significantly greater response was induced at the same concentration following a step chronic exposure. Reactive oxygen species production was significantly enhanced following a step and repeated TBBPA exposure at the concentrations of 1 and 10 µg/L, respectively. qRT-PCR showed that ctl-1, ctl-2, ctl-3 and sod-3 expression significantly increased, which was obviously correlated with physiological and biochemical behaviors under both treatment conditions according to Pearson correlation test analysis. sod-3 and ctl-2 mutations were more sensitive than the wild-type N2 under a step chronic TBBPA exposure at a level of 10 µg/L. Thus, chronic exposure to TBBPA induces an oxidative stress response in C. elegans, with ctl-2 and sod-3 playing a vital role in TBBPA-induced toxicity in nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuwen Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Waqas Qamar Zaman
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hongjiang Peng
- Branch of Shanghai, Longking Environmental Protection Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200331, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xue Cao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Kai Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Changzheng Cui
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Kuangfei Lin
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Qishi Luo
- Branch of Shanghai, Yonker Environmental Protection Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200051, China.
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Jo DS, Cho DH. Peroxisomal dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Arch Pharm Res 2019; 42:393-406. [PMID: 30739266 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-019-01131-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisomes and their (patho-)physiological importance in heath and disease have attracted increasing interest during last few decades. Together with mitochondria, peroxisomes comprise key metabolic platforms for oxidation of various fatty acids and redox regulation. In addition, peroxisomes contribute to bile acid, cholesterol, and plasmalogen biosynthesis. The importance of functional peroxisomes for cellular metabolism is demonstrated by the marked brain and systemic organ abnormalities occuring in peroxisome biogenesis disorders and peroxisomal enzyme deficiencies. Current evidences indicate that peroxisomal function is declined with aging, with peroxisomal dysfunction being linked to early onset of multiple age-related diseases including neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we review recent progress toward understanding the physiological roles and pathological implications of peroxisomal dysfunctions, focusing on neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doo Sin Jo
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyung Cho
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Huang K, Chen W, Zhu F, Li PWL, Kapahi P, Bai H. RiboTag translatomic profiling of Drosophila oenocytes under aging and induced oxidative stress. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:50. [PMID: 30651069 PMCID: PMC6335716 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5404-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is accompanied with loss of tissue homeostasis and accumulation of cellular damages. As one of the important metabolic centers, liver shows age-related dysregulation of lipid metabolism, impaired detoxification pathway, increased inflammation and oxidative stress response. However, the mechanisms for these age-related changes still remain unclear. In the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, liver-like functions are controlled by two distinct tissues, fat body and oenocytes. Compared to fat body, little is known about how oenocytes age and what are their roles in aging regulation. To characterize age- and stress-regulated gene expression in oenocytes, we performed cell-type-specific ribosome profiling (RiboTag) to examine the impacts of aging and oxidative stress on oenocyte translatome in Drosophila. RESULTS We show that aging and oxidant paraquat significantly increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in adult oenocytes of Drosophila, and aged oenocytes exhibited reduced sensitivity to paraquat treatment. Through RiboTag sequencing, we identified 3324 and 949 differentially expressed genes in oenocytes under aging and paraquat treatment, respectively. Aging and paraquat exhibit both shared and distinct regulations on oenocyte translatome. Among all age-regulated genes, oxidative phosphorylation, ribosome, proteasome, fatty acid metabolism, and cytochrome P450 pathways were down-regulated, whereas DNA replication and immune response pathways were up-regulated. In addition, most of the peroxisomal genes were down-regulated in aged oenocytes, including genes involved in peroxisomal biogenesis factors and fatty acid beta-oxidation. Many age-related mRNA translational changes in oenocytes are similar to aged mammalian liver, such as up-regulation of innate immune response and Ras/MAPK signaling pathway and down-regulation of peroxisome and fatty acid metabolism. Furthermore, oenocytes highly expressed genes involving in liver-like processes (e.g., ketogenesis). CONCLUSIONS Our oenocyte-specific translatome analysis identified many genes and pathways that are shared between Drosophila oenocytes and mammalian liver, highlighting the molecular and functional similarities between the two tissues. Many of these genes were altered in both oenocytes and liver during aging. Thus, our translatome analysis provide important genomic resource for future dissection of oenocyte function and its role in lipid metabolism, stress response and aging regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerui Huang
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Wenhao Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Fang Zhu
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | | | - Pankaj Kapahi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Hua Bai
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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Fransen M, Lismont C. Redox Signaling from and to Peroxisomes: Progress, Challenges, and Prospects. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:95-112. [PMID: 29433327 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Peroxisomes are organelles that are best known for their role in cellular lipid and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) metabolism. Emerging evidence suggests that these organelles serve as guardians and modulators of cellular redox balance, and that alterations in their redox metabolism may contribute to aging and the development of chronic diseases such as neurodegeneration, diabetes, and cancer. Recent Advances: H2O2 is an important signaling messenger that controls many cellular processes by modulating protein activity through cysteine oxidation. Somewhat surprisingly, the potential involvement of peroxisomes in H2O2-mediated signaling processes has been overlooked for a long time. However, recent advances in the development of live-cell approaches to monitor and modulate spatiotemporal fluxes in redox species at the subcellular level have opened up new avenues for research in redox biology and boosted interest in the concept of peroxisomes as redox signaling platforms. CRITICAL ISSUES This review first introduces the reader to what is known about the role of peroxisomes in cellular H2O2 production and clearance, with a focus on mammalian cells. Next, it briefly describes the benefits and drawbacks of current strategies used to investigate the complex interplay between peroxisome metabolism and cellular redox state. Furthermore, it integrates and critically evaluates literature dealing with the interrelationship between peroxisomal redox metabolism, cell signaling, and human disease. FUTURE DIRECTIONS As the precise molecular mechanisms underlying many of these associations are still poorly understood, a key focus for future research should be the identification of primary targets for peroxisome-derived H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Fransen
- Laboratory of Lipid Biochemistry and Protein Interactions, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven-University of Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Celien Lismont
- Laboratory of Lipid Biochemistry and Protein Interactions, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven-University of Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
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Deori NM, Kale A, Maurya PK, Nagotu S. Peroxisomes: role in cellular ageing and age related disorders. Biogerontology 2018; 19:303-324. [PMID: 29968207 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-018-9761-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisomes are dynamic organelles essential for optimum functioning of a eukaryotic cell. Biogenesis of these organelles and the diverse functions performed by them have been extensively studied in the past decade. Their ability to perform functions depending on the cell type and growth conditions is unique and remarkable. Oxidation of fatty acids and reactive oxygen species metabolism are the two most important functions of these ubiquitous organelles. They are often referred to as both source and sink of reactive oxygen species in a cell. Recent research connects peroxisome dysfunction to fatal oxidative damage associated with ageing-related diseases/disorders. It is now widely accepted that mitochondria and peroxisomes are required to maintain oxidative balance in a cell. However, our understanding on the inter-dependence of these organelles to maintain cellular homeostasis of reactive oxygen species is still in its infancy. Herein, we summarize findings that highlight the role of peroxisomes in cellular reactive oxygen species metabolism, ageing and age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayan M Deori
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Avinash Kale
- UM-DAE, Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Health Centre, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, 400098, India
| | - Pawan K Maurya
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Clinical Neuroscience (LiNC), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo-UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Shirisha Nagotu
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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48
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Castro IG, Schuldiner M, Zalckvar E. Mind the Organelle Gap - Peroxisome Contact Sites in Disease. Trends Biochem Sci 2018; 43:199-210. [PMID: 29395653 PMCID: PMC6252078 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The eukaryotic cell is organized as a complex grid system where membrane-bound cellular compartments, organelles, must be localized to the right place at the right time. One way to facilitate correct organelle localization and organelle cooperation is through membrane contact sites, areas of close proximity between two organelles that are bridged by protein/lipid complexes. It is now clear that all organelles physically contact each other. The main focus of this review is contact sites of peroxisomes, central metabolic hubs whose defects lead to a variety of diseases. New peroxisome contacts, their tethering complexes and functions have been recently discovered. However, if and how peroxisome contacts contribute to the development of peroxisome-related diseases is still a mystery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Gomes Castro
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Maya Schuldiner
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Einat Zalckvar
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
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Reiter RJ, Tan DX, Rosales-Corral S, Galano A, Zhou XJ, Xu B. Mitochondria: Central Organelles for Melatonin's Antioxidant and Anti-Aging Actions. Molecules 2018; 23:E509. [PMID: 29495303 PMCID: PMC6017324 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, along with its metabolites, have long been known to significantly reduce the oxidative stress burden of aging cells or cells exposed to toxins. Oxidative damage is a result of free radicals produced in cells, especially in mitochondria. When measured, melatonin, a potent antioxidant, was found to be in higher concentrations in mitochondria than in other organelles or subcellular locations. Recent evidence indicates that mitochondrial membranes possess transporters that aid in the rapid uptake of melatonin by these organelles against a gradient. Moreover, we predicted several years ago that, because of their origin from melatonin-producing bacteria, mitochondria likely also synthesize melatonin. Data accumulated within the last year supports this prediction. A high content of melatonin in mitochondria would be fortuitous, since these organelles produce an abundance of free radicals. Thus, melatonin is optimally positioned to scavenge the radicals and reduce the degree of oxidative damage. In light of the "free radical theory of aging", including all of its iterations, high melatonin levels in mitochondria would be expected to protect against age-related organismal decline. Also, there are many age-associated diseases that have, as a contributing factor, free radical damage. These multiple diseases may likely be deferred in their onset or progression if mitochondrial levels of melatonin can be maintained into advanced age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, SD 78229, USA.
| | - Dun Xian Tan
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, SD 78229, USA.
| | - Sergio Rosales-Corral
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente, Instituo Mexicana del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44346, Mexico.
| | - Annia Galano
- Departamento de Quimica, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Iztapatapa, Mexico D.F. 09340, Mexico.
| | - Xin Jia Zhou
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, SD 78229, USA.
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, SD 78229, USA.
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50
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Peroxisomes and Cellular Oxidant/Antioxidant Balance: Protein Redox Modifications and Impact on Inter-organelle Communication. Subcell Biochem 2018; 89:435-461. [PMID: 30378035 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-2233-4_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Disturbances in cellular redox balance have been associated with pro-aging mechanisms and increased risk for various chronic disease states. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that peroxisomes are central players in cellular redox metabolism. Nevertheless, the potential role of this organelle as intracellular redox signaling platform has been largely overlooked for a long time. Fortunately, this situation is now changing. This review provides a snapshot of the current progress in the field, with an emphasis on the situation in mammals. We first briefly introduce the basics of redox biology and how reactive oxygen and nitrogen species can drive cellular signaling events. Next, we discuss current evidence linking peroxisome (dys)function to redox signaling, both in health and disease. We also highlight what is currently known about the downstream targets of peroxisome-derived oxidants. In addition, we present an extensive list of proteins that are involved in peroxisome functioning and have been identified as being responsive to oxidative stress in large scale redox proteomics studies. Finally, we address how changes in peroxisomal redox state may impact on functional mechanisms underlying inter-organelle communication. Gaining more insight into these mechanisms is key to our understanding of how peroxisomes are embedded in cellular signaling networks implicated in aging and diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.
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