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Fallahi S, Zangbar HS, Farajdokht F, Rahbarghazi R, Mohaddes G, Ghiasi F. Exosomes as a therapeutic tool to promote neurorestoration and cognitive function in neurological conditions: Achieve two ends with a single effort. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14752. [PMID: 38775149 PMCID: PMC11110007 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes possess a significant role in intercellular communications. In the nervous system, various neural cells release exosomes that not only own a role in intercellular communications but also eliminate the waste of cells, maintain the myelin sheath, facilitate neurogenesis, and specifically assist in normal cognitive function. In neurological conditions including Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and stroke, exosomal cargo like miRNAs take part in the sequela of conditions and serve as a diagnostic tool of neurological disorders, too. Exosomes are not only a diagnostic tool but also their inhibition or administration from various sources like mesenchymal stem cells and serum, which have shown a worthy potential to treat multiple neurological disorders. In addition to neurodegenerative manifestations, cognitive deficiencies are an integral part of neurological diseases, and applying exosomes in improving both aspects of these diseases has been promising. This review discusses the status of exosome therapy in improving neurorestorative and cognitive function following neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Fallahi
- Drug Applied Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of PhysiologyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Hamid Soltani Zangbar
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical SciencesTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Fereshteh Farajdokht
- Drug Applied Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of PhysiologyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Neurosciences Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical SciencesTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Gisou Mohaddes
- Drug Applied Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of PhysiologyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical SciencesTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Neurosciences Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of Biomedical EducationCalifornia Health Sciences University, College of Osteopathic MedicineClovisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Fariba Ghiasi
- Drug Applied Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of PhysiologyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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2
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Ram Kumar RM, Logesh R, Joghee S. Breast cancer derived exosomes: Theragnostic perspectives and implications. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 557:117875. [PMID: 38493944 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignancy affecting women worldwide. Although conventional treatments such as chemotherapy, surgery, hormone therapy, radiation therapy, and biological therapy are commonly used, they often entail significant side effects. Therefore, there is a critical need to investigate more cost-effective and efficient treatment modalities in BC. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, play a crucial role in modulating recipient cell behaviour and driving cancer progression. Among the EVs, exosomes provide valuable insights into cellular dynamics under both healthy and diseased conditions. In cancer, exosomes play a critical role in driving tumor progression and facilitating the development of drug resistance. BC-derived exosomes (BCex) dynamically influence BC progression by regulating cell proliferation, immunosuppression, angiogenesis, metastasis, and the development of treatment resistance. Additionally, BCex serve as promising diagnostic markers in BC which are detectable in bodily fluids such as urine and saliva. Targeted manipulation of BCex holds significant therapeutic potential. This review explores the therapeutic and diagnostic implications of exosomes in BC, underscoring their relevance to the disease. Furthermore, it discusses future directions for exosome-based research in BC, emphasizing the necessity for further exploration in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Mohan Ram Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
| | - Rajan Logesh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Suresh Joghee
- Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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3
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Wang C, Chen Y, Hu S, Liu X. Insights into the function of ESCRT and its role in enveloped virus infection. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1261651. [PMID: 37869652 PMCID: PMC10587442 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1261651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) is an essential molecular machinery in eukaryotic cells that facilitates the invagination of endosomal membranes, leading to the formation of multivesicular bodies (MVBs). It participates in various cellular processes, including lipid bilayer remodeling, cytoplasmic separation, autophagy, membrane fission and re-modeling, plasma membrane repair, as well as the invasion, budding, and release of certain enveloped viruses. The ESCRT complex consists of five complexes, ESCRT-0 to ESCRT-III and VPS4, along with several accessory proteins. ESCRT-0 to ESCRT-II form soluble complexes that shuttle between the cytoplasm and membranes, mainly responsible for recruiting and transporting membrane proteins and viral particles, as well as recruiting ESCRT-III for membrane neck scission. ESCRT-III, a soluble monomer, directly participates in vesicle scission and release, while VPS4 hydrolyzes ATP to provide energy for ESCRT-III complex disassembly, enabling recycling. Studies have confirmed the hijacking of ESCRT complexes by enveloped viruses to facilitate their entry, replication, and budding. Recent research has focused on the interaction between various components of the ESCRT complex and different viruses. In this review, we discuss how different viruses hijack specific ESCRT regulatory proteins to impact the viral life cycle, aiming to explore commonalities in the interaction between viruses and the ESCRT system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxuan Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shunlin Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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4
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Fernandez‐Becerra C, Xander P, Alfandari D, Dong G, Aparici‐Herraiz I, Rosenhek‐Goldian I, Shokouhy M, Gualdron‐Lopez M, Lozano N, Cortes‐Serra N, Karam PA, Meneghetti P, Madeira RP, Porat Z, Soares RP, Costa AO, Rafati S, da Silva A, Santarém N, Fernandez‐Prada C, Ramirez MI, Bernal D, Marcilla A, Pereira‐Chioccola VL, Alves LR, Portillo HD, Regev‐Rudzki N, de Almeida IC, Schenkman S, Olivier M, Torrecilhas AC. Guidelines for the purification and characterization of extracellular vesicles of parasites. JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 2:e117. [PMID: 38939734 PMCID: PMC11080789 DOI: 10.1002/jex2.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Parasites are responsible for the most neglected tropical diseases, affecting over a billion people worldwide (WHO, 2015) and accounting for billions of cases a year and responsible for several millions of deaths. Research on extracellular vesicles (EVs) has increased in recent years and demonstrated that EVs shed by pathogenic parasites interact with host cells playing an important role in the parasite's survival, such as facilitation of infection, immunomodulation, parasite adaptation to the host environment and the transfer of drug resistance factors. Thus, EVs released by parasites mediate parasite-parasite and parasite-host intercellular communication. In addition, they are being explored as biomarkers of asymptomatic infections and disease prognosis after drug treatment. However, most current protocols used for the isolation, size determination, quantification and characterization of molecular cargo of EVs lack greater rigor, standardization, and adequate quality controls to certify the enrichment or purity of the ensuing bioproducts. We are now initiating major guidelines based on the evolution of collective knowledge in recent years. The main points covered in this position paper are methods for the isolation and molecular characterization of EVs obtained from parasite-infected cell cultures, experimental animals, and patients. The guideline also includes a discussion of suggested protocols and functional assays in host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Fernandez‐Becerra
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global HealthHospital Clínic‐Universitatde BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- IGTP Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i PujolBadalona (Barcelona)Spain
- CIBERINFECISCIII‐CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Patrícia Xander
- Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasLaboratório de Imunologia Celular e Bioquímica de Fungos e ProtozoáriosDepartamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasInstituto de Ciências AmbientaisQuímicas e FarmacêuticasUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)São PauloBrazil
| | - Daniel Alfandari
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesWeizmann Institute of Science (WIS)RehovotIsrael
| | - George Dong
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health CentreMcGill UniversityMontréalQuébecCanada
| | - Iris Aparici‐Herraiz
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global HealthHospital Clínic‐Universitatde BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | | | - Mehrdad Shokouhy
- Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine ResearchPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Melisa Gualdron‐Lopez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global HealthHospital Clínic‐Universitatde BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Nicholy Lozano
- Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasLaboratório de Imunologia Celular e Bioquímica de Fungos e ProtozoáriosDepartamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasInstituto de Ciências AmbientaisQuímicas e FarmacêuticasUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)São PauloBrazil
| | - Nuria Cortes‐Serra
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global HealthHospital Clínic‐Universitatde BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Paula Abou Karam
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesWeizmann Institute of Science (WIS)RehovotIsrael
| | - Paula Meneghetti
- Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasLaboratório de Imunologia Celular e Bioquímica de Fungos e ProtozoáriosDepartamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasInstituto de Ciências AmbientaisQuímicas e FarmacêuticasUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)São PauloBrazil
| | - Rafael Pedro Madeira
- Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasLaboratório de Imunologia Celular e Bioquímica de Fungos e ProtozoáriosDepartamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasInstituto de Ciências AmbientaisQuímicas e FarmacêuticasUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)São PauloBrazil
| | - Ziv Porat
- Flow Cytometry UnitLife Sciences Core Facilities, WISRehovotIsrael
| | | | - Adriana Oliveira Costa
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e ToxicológicasFaculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)Belo HorizonteMinas GeraisBrasil
| | - Sima Rafati
- Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine ResearchPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Anabela‐Cordeiro da Silva
- Host‐Parasite Interactions GroupInstitute of Research and Innovation in HealthUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal
- Department of Biological SciencesFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal
| | - Nuno Santarém
- Host‐Parasite Interactions GroupInstitute of Research and Innovation in HealthUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal
- Department of Biological SciencesFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal
| | | | - Marcel I. Ramirez
- EVAHPI ‐ Extracellular Vesicles and Host‐Parasite Interactions Research Group Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Sistemática de TripanossomatideosInstituto Carlos Chagas‐FiocruzCuritibaParanáBrasil
| | - Dolores Bernal
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Ciències BiològiquesUniversitat de ValènciaBurjassotValenciaSpain
| | - Antonio Marcilla
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i ParasitologiaUniversitat de ValènciaBurjassotValenciaSpain
| | - Vera Lucia Pereira‐Chioccola
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Parasitas e Fungos, Centro de Parasitologia e MicologiaInstituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL)São PauloBrasil
| | - Lysangela Ronalte Alves
- Laboratório de Regulação da Expressão GênicaInstituto Carlos ChagasFiocruz ParanáCuritibaBrazil
- Research Center in Infectious DiseasesDivision of Infectious Disease and Immunity CHU de Quebec Research CenterDepartment of MicrobiologyInfectious Disease and ImmunologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity LavalQuebec CityQuebecCanada
| | - Hernando Del Portillo
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global HealthHospital Clínic‐Universitatde BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- IGTP Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i PujolBadalona (Barcelona)Spain
- ICREA Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avanc¸ats (ICREA)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Neta Regev‐Rudzki
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesWeizmann Institute of Science (WIS)RehovotIsrael
| | - Igor Correia de Almeida
- Department of Biological SciencesBorder Biomedical Research CenterThe University of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTexasUSA
| | - Sergio Schenkman
- Departamento de MicrobiologiaImunologia e Parasitologia, UNIFESPSão PauloBrazil
| | - Martin Olivier
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health CentreMcGill UniversityMontréalQuébecCanada
| | - Ana Claudia Torrecilhas
- Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasLaboratório de Imunologia Celular e Bioquímica de Fungos e ProtozoáriosDepartamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasInstituto de Ciências AmbientaisQuímicas e FarmacêuticasUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)São PauloBrazil
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5
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Laidlaw KME, Calder G, MacDonald C. Recycling of cell surface membrane proteins from yeast endosomes is regulated by ubiquitinated Ist1. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:213481. [PMID: 36125415 PMCID: PMC9491851 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202109137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon internalization, many surface membrane proteins are recycled back to the plasma membrane. Although these endosomal trafficking pathways control surface protein activity, the precise regulatory features and division of labor between interconnected pathways are poorly defined. In yeast, we show recycling back to the surface occurs through distinct pathways. In addition to retrograde recycling pathways via the late Golgi, used by synaptobrevins and driven by cargo ubiquitination, we find nutrient transporter recycling bypasses the Golgi in a pathway driven by cargo deubiquitination. Nutrient transporters rapidly internalize to, and recycle from, endosomes marked by the ESCRT-III associated factor Ist1. This compartment serves as both “early” and “recycling” endosome. We show Ist1 is ubiquitinated and that this is required for proper endosomal recruitment and cargo recycling to the surface. Additionally, the essential ATPase Cdc48 and its adaptor Npl4 are required for recycling, potentially through regulation of ubiquitinated Ist1. This collectively suggests mechanistic features of recycling from endosomes to the plasma membrane are conserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamilla M E Laidlaw
- York Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Grant Calder
- Imaging and Cytometry Laboratory, Bioscience Technology Facility, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Chris MacDonald
- York Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
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6
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Wenzel DM, Mackay DR, Skalicky JJ, Paine EL, Miller MS, Ullman KS, Sundquist WI. Comprehensive analysis of the human ESCRT-III-MIT domain interactome reveals new cofactors for cytokinetic abscission. eLife 2022; 11:e77779. [PMID: 36107470 PMCID: PMC9477494 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The 12 related human ESCRT-III proteins form filaments that constrict membranes and mediate fission, including during cytokinetic abscission. The C-terminal tails of polymerized ESCRT-III subunits also bind proteins that contain Microtubule-Interacting and Trafficking (MIT) domains. MIT domains can interact with ESCRT-III tails in many different ways to create a complex binding code that is used to recruit essential cofactors to sites of ESCRT activity. Here, we have comprehensively and quantitatively mapped the interactions between all known ESCRT-III tails and 19 recombinant human MIT domains. We measured 228 pairwise interactions, quantified 60 positive interactions, and discovered 18 previously unreported interactions. We also report the crystal structure of the SPASTIN MIT domain in complex with the IST1 C-terminal tail. Three MIT enzymes were studied in detail and shown to: (1) localize to cytokinetic midbody membrane bridges through interactions with their specific ESCRT-III binding partners (SPASTIN-IST1, KATNA1-CHMP3, and CAPN7-IST1), (2) function in abscission (SPASTIN, KATNA1, and CAPN7), and (3) function in the 'NoCut' abscission checkpoint (SPASTIN and CAPN7). Our studies define the human MIT-ESCRT-III interactome, identify new factors and activities required for cytokinetic abscission and its regulation, and provide a platform for analyzing ESCRT-III and MIT cofactor interactions in all ESCRT-mediated processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn M Wenzel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Douglas R Mackay
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Jack J Skalicky
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Elliott L Paine
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Matthew S Miller
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Katharine S Ullman
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Wesley I Sundquist
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
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7
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González Solís A, Berryman E, Otegui MS. Plant endosomes as protein sorting hubs. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:2288-2304. [PMID: 35689494 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis, secretion, and endosomal trafficking are key cellular processes that control the composition of the plasma membrane. Through the coordination of these trafficking pathways, cells can adjust the composition, localization, and turnover of proteins and lipids in response to developmental or environmental cues. Upon being incorporated into vesicles and internalized through endocytosis, plant plasma membrane proteins are delivered to the trans-Golgi network (TGN). At the TGN, plasma membrane proteins are recycled back to the plasma membrane or transferred to multivesicular endosomes (MVEs), where they are further sorted into intralumenal vesicles for degradation in the vacuole. Both types of plant endosomes, TGN and MVEs, act as sorting organelles for multiple endocytic, recycling, and secretory pathways. Molecular assemblies such as retromer, ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) machinery, small GTPases, adaptor proteins, and SNAREs associate with specific domains of endosomal membranes to mediate different sorting and membrane-budding events. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms underlying the recognition and sorting of proteins at endosomes, membrane remodeling and budding, and their implications for cellular trafficking and physiological responses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna González Solís
- Department of Botany and Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Elizabeth Berryman
- Department of Botany and Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Marisa S Otegui
- Department of Botany and Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
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8
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Liu C, Zeng Y, Li H, Yang C, Shen W, Xu M, Xiao Z, Chen T, Li B, Cao W, Jiang L, Otegui MS, Gao C. A plant-unique ESCRT component, FYVE4, regulates multivesicular endosome biogenesis and plant growth. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:193-209. [PMID: 33772801 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
During evolution, land plants generated unique proteins that participate in endosomal sorting and multivesicular endosome (MVE) biogenesis, many of them with specific phosphoinositide-binding capabilities. Nonetheless, the function of most plant phosphoinositide-binding proteins in endosomal trafficking remains elusive. Here, we analysed several Arabidopsis mutants lacking predicted phosphoinositide-binding proteins and first identified fyve4-1 as a mutant with a hypersensitive response to high-boron conditions and defects in degradative vacuolar sorting of membrane proteins such as the borate exporter BOR1-GFP. FYVE4 encodes a plant-unique, FYVE domain-containing protein that interacts with SNF7, a core component of ESCRT-III (Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport III). FYVE4 affects the membrane association of the late-acting ESCRT components SNF7 and VPS4, and modulates the formation of intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) inside MVEs. The critical function of FYVE4 in the ESCRT pathway was further demonstrated by the strong genetic interactions with SNF7B and LIP5. Although the fyve4-1, snf7b and lip5 single mutants were viable, the fyve4-1 snf7b and fyve4-1 lip5 double mutants were seedling lethal, with strong defects in MVE biogenesis and vacuolar sorting of ubiquitinated membrane proteins. Taken together, we identified FYVE4 as a novel plant endosomal regulator, which functions in ESCRTing pathway to regulate MVE biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanliang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yonglun Zeng
- Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wenjin Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Min Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zhidan Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Tongsheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Baiying Li
- Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenhan Cao
- Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Marisa S Otegui
- Department of Botany, Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Caiji Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
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9
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Tseng CC, Dean S, Davies BA, Azmi IF, Pashkova N, Payne JA, Staffenhagen J, West M, Piper RC, Odorizzi G, Katzmann DJ. Bro1 stimulates Vps4 to promote intralumenal vesicle formation during multivesicular body biogenesis. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:212434. [PMID: 34160559 PMCID: PMC8240856 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202102070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT-0, -I, -II, -III) execute cargo sorting and intralumenal vesicle (ILV) formation during conversion of endosomes to multivesicular bodies (MVBs). The AAA-ATPase Vps4 regulates the ESCRT-III polymer to facilitate membrane remodeling and ILV scission during MVB biogenesis. Here, we show that the conserved V domain of ESCRT-associated protein Bro1 (the yeast homologue of mammalian proteins ALIX and HD-PTP) directly stimulates Vps4. This activity is required for MVB cargo sorting. Furthermore, the Bro1 V domain alone supports Vps4/ESCRT–driven ILV formation in vivo without efficient MVB cargo sorting. These results reveal a novel activity of the V domains of Bro1 homologues in licensing ESCRT-III–dependent ILV formation and suggest a role in coordinating cargo sorting with membrane remodeling during MVB sorting. Moreover, ubiquitin binding enhances V domain stimulation of Vps4 to promote ILV formation via the Bro1–Vps4–ESCRT-III axis, uncovering a novel role for ubiquitin during MVB biogenesis in addition to facilitating cargo recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Che Tseng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Shirley Dean
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Brian A Davies
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ishara F Azmi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Natalya Pashkova
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Johanna A Payne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Matt West
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Robert C Piper
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Greg Odorizzi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - David J Katzmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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10
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Horváth P, Müller-Reichert T. A Structural View on ESCRT-Mediated Abscission. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:586880. [PMID: 33240884 PMCID: PMC7680848 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.586880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) mediates cellular processes that are related to membrane remodeling, such as multivesicular body (MVB) formation, viral budding and cytokinesis. Abscission is the final stage of cytokinesis that results in the physical separation of the newly formed two daughter cells. Although abscission has been investigated for decades, there are still fundamental open questions related to the spatio-temporal organization of the molecular machinery involved in this process. Reviewing knowledge obtained from in vitro as well as in vivo experiments, we give a brief overview on the role of ESCRT components in abscission mainly focussing on mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Horváth
- Experimental Center, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Müller-Reichert
- Experimental Center, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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11
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Pieper GH, Sprenger S, Teis D, Oliferenko S. ESCRT-III/Vps4 Controls Heterochromatin-Nuclear Envelope Attachments. Dev Cell 2020; 53:27-41.e6. [PMID: 32109380 PMCID: PMC7139201 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic genomes are organized within the nucleus through interactions with inner nuclear membrane (INM) proteins. How chromatin tethering to the INM is controlled in interphase and how this process contributes to subsequent mitotic nuclear envelope (NE) remodeling remains unclear. We have probed these fundamental questions using the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, which breaks and reforms the NE during mitosis. We show that attachments between heterochromatin and the transmembrane Lem2-Nur1 complex at the INM are remodeled in interphase by the ESCRT-III/Vps4 machinery. Failure of ESCRT-III/Vps4 to release Lem2-Nur1 from heterochromatin leads to persistent association of chromosomes with the INM throughout mitosis. At mitotic exit, such trapping of Lem2-Nur1 on heterochromatin prevents it from re-establishing nucleocytoplasmic compartmentalization. Our work identifies the Lem2-Nur1 complex as a substrate for the nuclear ESCRT machinery and explains how the dynamic tethering of chromosomes to the INM is linked to the establishment of nuclear compartmentalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard H Pieper
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK; Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Simon Sprenger
- Institute for Cell Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Teis
- Institute for Cell Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Snezhana Oliferenko
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK; Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK.
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12
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From Tumor Metastasis towards Cerebral Ischemia-Extracellular Vesicles as a General Concept of Intercellular Communication Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235995. [PMID: 31795140 PMCID: PMC6928831 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been tremendous carriers in both experimental and translational science. These vesicles—formerly regarded as artifacts of in vitro research—have a heterogeneous population of vesicles derived from virtually all eukaryotic cells. EVs consist of a bilayer lipid structure with a diameter of about 30 to 1000 nm and have a characteristic protein and non-coding RNA content that make up different forms of EVs such as exosomes, microvesicles, and others. Despite recent progress in the EV field, which is known to serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic tools under various pathological conditions, fundamental questions are yet to be answered. This short review focuses on recently reported data regarding EVs under pathological conditions with a particular emphasis on the role of EVs under such different conditions like tumor formation and cerebral ischemia. The review strives to point out general concepts of EV intercellular communication processes that might be vital to both diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the long run.
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13
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Ahmed I, Akram Z, Iqbal HMN, Munn AL. The regulation of Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport and accessory proteins in multivesicular body sorting and enveloped viral budding - An overview. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 127:1-11. [PMID: 30615963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
ESCRT (Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport) machinery drives different cellular processes such as endosomal sorting, organelle biogenesis, vesicular trafficking, maintenance of plasma membrane integrity, membrane fission during cytokinesis and enveloped virus budding. The normal cycle of assembly and disassembly of some ESCRT complexes at the membrane requires the AAA-ATPase vacuolar protein sorting 4 (Vps4p). A number of ESCRT proteins are hijacked by clinically significant enveloped viruses including Ebola, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) to enable enveloped virus budding and Vps4p provides energy for the disassembly/recycling of these ESCRT proteins. Several years ago, the failure of the terminal budding process of HIV following Vps4 protein inhibition was published; although at that time a detailed understanding of the molecular players was missing. However, later it was acknowledged that the ESCRT machinery has a role in enveloped virus budding from cells due to its role in the multivesicular body (MVB) sorting pathway. The MVB sorting pathway facilitates several cellular activities in uninfected cells, such as the down-regulation of signaling through cell surface receptors as well as the process of viral budding from infected host cells. In this review, we focus on summarising the functional organisation of ESCRT proteins at the membrane and the role of ESCRT machinery and Vps4p during MVB sorting and enveloped viral budding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishtiaq Ahmed
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University (Gold Coast campus), Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
| | - Zain Akram
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University (Gold Coast campus), Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N. L. CP 64849, Mexico
| | - Alan L Munn
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University (Gold Coast campus), Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
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14
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Thaller DJ, Allegretti M, Borah S, Ronchi P, Beck M, Lusk CP. An ESCRT-LEM protein surveillance system is poised to directly monitor the nuclear envelope and nuclear transport system. eLife 2019; 8:e45284. [PMID: 30942170 PMCID: PMC6461442 DOI: 10.7554/elife.45284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The integrity of the nuclear membranes coupled to the selective barrier of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are essential for the segregation of nucleoplasm and cytoplasm. Mechanical membrane disruption or perturbation to NPC assembly triggers an ESCRT-dependent surveillance system that seals nuclear pores: how these pores are sensed and sealed is ill defined. Using a budding yeast model, we show that the ESCRT Chm7 and the integral inner nuclear membrane (INM) protein Heh1 are spatially segregated by nuclear transport, with Chm7 being actively exported by Xpo1/Crm1. Thus, the exposure of the INM triggers surveillance with Heh1 locally activating Chm7. Sites of Chm7 hyperactivation show fenestrated sheets at the INM and potential membrane delivery at sites of nuclear envelope herniation. Our data suggest that perturbation to the nuclear envelope barrier would lead to local nuclear membrane remodeling to promote membrane sealing. Our findings have implications for disease mechanisms linked to NPC assembly and nuclear envelope integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Thaller
- Department of Cell BiologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Structural and Computational Biology UnitEuropean Molecular Biology LaboratoryMeyerhofstrasseGermany
| | - Sapan Borah
- Department of Cell BiologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Paolo Ronchi
- Electron Microscopy Core FacilityEuropean Molecular Biology LaboratoryMeyerhofstrasseGermany
| | - Martin Beck
- Structural and Computational Biology UnitEuropean Molecular Biology LaboratoryMeyerhofstrasseGermany
| | - C Patrick Lusk
- Department of Cell BiologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
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15
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Maity S, Caillat C, Miguet N, Sulbaran G, Effantin G, Schoehn G, Roos WH, Weissenhorn W. VPS4 triggers constriction and cleavage of ESCRT-III helical filaments. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaau7198. [PMID: 30989108 PMCID: PMC6457934 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau7198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Many cellular processes such as endosomal vesicle budding, virus budding, and cytokinesis require extensive membrane remodeling by the endosomal sorting complex required for transport III (ESCRT-III). ESCRT-III protein family members form spirals with variable diameters in vitro and in vivo inside tubular membrane structures, which need to be constricted to proceed to membrane fission. Here, we show, using high-speed atomic force microscopy and electron microscopy, that the AAA-type adenosine triphosphatase VPS4 constricts and cleaves ESCRT-III CHMP2A-CHMP3 helical filaments in vitro. Constriction starts asymmetrically and progressively decreases the diameter of CHMP2A-CHMP3 tubular structure, thereby coiling up the CHMP2A-CHMP3 filaments into dome-like end caps. Our results demonstrate that VPS4 actively constricts ESCRT-III filaments and cleaves them before their complete disassembly. We propose that the formation of ESCRT-III dome-like end caps by VPS4 within a membrane neck structure constricts the membrane to set the stage for membrane fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Maity
- Moleculaire Biofysica, Zernike Instituut, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Christophe Caillat
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Nolwenn Miguet
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Guidenn Sulbaran
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Gregory Effantin
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Guy Schoehn
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Wouter H. Roos
- Moleculaire Biofysica, Zernike Instituut, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands
- Corresponding author. (W.H.R.); (W.W.)
| | - Winfried Weissenhorn
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Corresponding author. (W.H.R.); (W.W.)
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16
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The role of VPS4 in ESCRT-III polymer remodeling. Biochem Soc Trans 2019; 47:441-448. [DOI: 10.1042/bst20180026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The endosomal sorting complex required for transport-III (ESCRT-III) and VPS4 catalyze a variety of membrane-remodeling processes in eukaryotes and archaea. Common to these processes is the dynamic recruitment of ESCRT-III proteins from the cytosol to the inner face of a membrane neck structure, their activation and filament formation inside or at the membrane neck and the subsequent or concomitant recruitment of the AAA-type ATPase VPS4. The dynamic assembly of ESCRT-III filaments and VPS4 on cellular membranes induces constriction of membrane necks with large diameters such as the cytokinetic midbody and necks with small diameters such as those of intraluminal vesicles or enveloped viruses. The two processes seem to use different sets of ESCRT-III filaments. Constriction is then thought to set the stage for membrane fission. Here, we review recent progress in understanding the structural transitions of ESCRT-III proteins required for filament formation, the functional role of VPS4 in dynamic ESCRT-III assembly and its active role in filament constriction. The recent data will be discussed in the context of different mechanistic models for inside-out membrane fission.
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17
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Xie Q, Chen A, Zhang Y, Yuan M, Xie W, Zhang C, Zheng W, Wang Z, Li G, Zhou J. Component Interaction of ESCRT Complexes Is Essential for Endocytosis-Dependent Growth, Reproduction, DON Production and Full Virulence in Fusarium graminearum. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:180. [PMID: 30809208 PMCID: PMC6379464 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are critical intermediates in the trafficking of ubiquitinated endocytosed surface proteins to the lysosome/vacuole for destruction. Recognizing and packaging ubiquitin modified cargoes to the MVB pathway require ESCRT (Endosomal sorting complexes required for transport) machinery, which consists of four core subcomplexes, ESCRT-0, ESCRT-I, ESCRT-II, and ESCRT-III. Fusarium graminearum is an important plant pathogen that causes head blight of major cereal crops. Our previous results showed that ESCRT-0 is essential for fungal development and pathogenicity in Fusarium graminearum. We then, in this study, systemically studied the protein-protein interactions within F. graminearum ESCRT-I, -II or -III complex, as well as between ESCRT-0 and ESCRT-I, ESCRT-I and ESCRT-II, and ESCRT-II and ESCRT-III complexes and found that loss of any ESCRT component resulted in abnormal function in endocytosis. In addition, ESCRT deletion mutants displayed severe defects in growth, deoxynivalenol (DON) production, virulence, sexual, and asexual reproduction. Importantly genetic complementation with corresponding ESCRT genes fully rescued all these defective phenotypes, indicating the essential role of ESCRT machinery in fungal development and plant infection in F. graminearum. Taken together, the protein-protein interactome and biological functions of the ESCRT machinery is first profoundly characterized in F. graminearum, providing a foundation for further exploration of ESCRT machinery in filamentous fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiurong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ahai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunzhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingyue Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chengkang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zonghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guangpu Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Jie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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18
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Johnson TB, Mach C, Grove R, Kelly R, Van Cott K, Blum P. Secretion and fusion of biogeochemically active archaeal membrane vesicles. GEOBIOLOGY 2018; 16:659-673. [PMID: 30019522 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microbes belonging to the genus Metallosphaera oxidize sulfidic minerals. These organisms thrive at temperature extremes and are members of the archaeal phylum Crenarchaeota. Because they can employ a lithoautotrophic metabolism, energy availability likely limits their activity raising questions about how they conduct biogeochemical activity. Vesicles are membrane encapsulated structures produced by all biological lineages but using very different mechanisms. Across the Crenarchaeota, it has been proposed that a eukaryotic-like Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport system promotes formation of these structures but in response to unknown signals and for undefined purposes. To address such questions, Metallosphaera sedula vesicle formation and function were studied under lithoautotrophic conditions. Energy deprivation was evaluated and found to stimulate vesicle synthesis while energy excess repressed vesicle formation. Purified vesicles adhered rapidly to the primary copper ore, chalcopyrite, and formed compact monolayers. These vesicle monolayers catalyzed iron oxidation and solubilization of mineralized copper in a time-dependent process. As these activities were membrane associated, their potential transfer by vesicle fusion to M. sedula cells was examined. Fluorophore-loaded vesicles rapidly transferred fluorescence under environmentally relevant conditions. Vesicles from a related archaeal species were also capable of fusion; however, this process was species-specific as vesicles from different species were incapable of fusion. In addition, vesicles produced by a copper-resistant M. sedula cell line transferred copper extrusion capacity along with improved viability over mutant M. sedula cells lacking copper transport proteins. Membrane vesicles may therefore play a role in modulating energy-related traits in geochemical environments by fusion-mediated protein delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler B Johnson
- Center for Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Collin Mach
- Center for Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Ryan Grove
- Department of Biochemistry and the Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Robert Kelly
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Kevin Van Cott
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Paul Blum
- Center for Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California
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19
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Marklew CJ, Booth A, Beales PA, Ciani B. Membrane remodelling by a lipidated endosomal sorting complex required for transport-III chimera, in vitro. Interface Focus 2018; 8:20180035. [PMID: 30443329 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2018.0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The complexity of eukaryotic cells is underscored by the compartmentalization of chemical signals by phospholipid membranes. A grand challenge of synthetic biology is building life from the 'bottom-up', for the purpose of generating systems simple enough to precisely interrogate biological pathways or for adapting biology to perform entirely novel functions. Achieving compartmentalization of chemistries in an addressable manner is a task exquisitely refined by nature and embodied in a unique membrane remodelling machinery that pushes membranes away from the cytosol, the ESCRT-III (endosomal sorting complex required for transport-III) complex. Here, we show efforts to engineer a single ESCRT-III protein merging functional features from its different components. The activity of such a designed ESCRT-III is shown by its ability to drive the formation of compartments encapsulating fluorescent cargo. It appears that the modular nature of ESCRT-III allows its functional repurposing into a minimal machinery that performs sophisticated membrane remodelling, therefore enabling its use to create eukaryotic-like multi-compartment architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Marklew
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Membrane Interactions and Dynamics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - A Booth
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - P A Beales
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - B Ciani
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Membrane Interactions and Dynamics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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20
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Varlakhanova NV, Alvarez FJD, Brady TM, Tornabene BA, Hosford CJ, Chappie JS, Zhang P, Ford MGJ. Structures of the fungal dynamin-related protein Vps1 reveal a unique, open helical architecture. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:3608-3624. [PMID: 30087125 PMCID: PMC6168280 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201712021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
How specific dynamin-related proteins (DRPs) are tailored to their cellular targets is an open question. Varlakhanova et al. present structures of the fungal DRP Vps1, which functions at the endosomal compartment. The crystal and cryoEM structures reveal a unique DRP architecture that highlights structural flexibilities of DRP self-assembly. Dynamin-related proteins (DRPs) are large multidomain GTPases required for diverse membrane-remodeling events. DRPs self-assemble into helical structures, but how these structures are tailored to their cellular targets remains unclear. We demonstrate that the fungal DRP Vps1 primarily localizes to and functions at the endosomal compartment. We present crystal structures of a Vps1 GTPase–bundle signaling element (BSE) fusion in different nucleotide states to capture GTP hydrolysis intermediates and concomitant conformational changes. Using cryoEM, we determined the structure of full-length GMPPCP-bound Vps1. The Vps1 helix is more open and flexible than that of dynamin. This is due to further opening of the BSEs away from the GTPase domains. A novel interface between adjacent GTPase domains forms in Vps1 instead of the contacts between the BSE and adjacent stalks and GTPase domains as seen in dynamin. Disruption of this interface abolishes Vps1 function in vivo. Hence, Vps1 exhibits a unique helical architecture, highlighting structural flexibilities of DRP self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frances J D Alvarez
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Tyler M Brady
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Bryan A Tornabene
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Joshua S Chappie
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.,Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Electron Bio-Imaging Centre, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Marijn G J Ford
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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21
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Caspi Y, Dekker C. Dividing the Archaeal Way: The Ancient Cdv Cell-Division Machinery. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:174. [PMID: 29551994 PMCID: PMC5840170 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell division in most prokaryotes is mediated by the well-studied fts genes, with FtsZ as the principal player. In many archaeal species, however, division is orchestrated differently. The Crenarchaeota phylum of archaea features the action of the three proteins, CdvABC. This Cdv system is a unique and less-well-studied division mechanism that merits closer inspection. In vivo, the three Cdv proteins form a composite band that contracts concomitantly with the septum formation. Of the three Cdv proteins, CdvA is the first to be recruited to the division site, while CdvB and CdvC are thought to participate in the active part of the Cdv division machinery. Interestingly, CdvB shares homology with a family of proteins from the eukaryotic ESCRT-III complex, and CdvC is a homolog of the eukaryotic Vps4 complex. These two eukaryotic complexes are key factors in the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) pathway, which is responsible for various budding processes in eukaryotic cells and which participates in the final stages of division in Metazoa. There, ESCRT-III forms a contractile machinery that actively cuts the membrane, whereas Vps4, which is an ATPase, is necessary for the turnover of the ESCRT membrane-abscission polymers. In contrast to CdvB and CdvC, CdvA is unique to the archaeal Crenarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota phyla. The Crenarchaeota division mechanism has often been suggested to represent a simplified version of the ESCRT division machinery thus providing a model system to study the evolution and mechanism of cell division in higher organisms. However, there are still many open questions regarding this parallelism and the division mechanism of Crenarchaeota. Here, we review the existing data on the role of the Cdv proteins in the division process of Crenarchaeota as well as concisely review the ESCRT system in eukaryotes. We survey the similarities and differences between the division and abscission mechanisms in the two cases. We suggest that the Cdv system functions differently in archaea than ESCRT does in eukaryotes, and that, unlike the eukaryotic case, the Cdv system's main function may be related to surplus membrane invagination and cell-wall synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaron Caspi
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Cees Dekker
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
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23
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Saha N, Dutta S, Datta SP, Sarkar S. The minimal ESCRT machinery of Giardia lamblia has altered inter-subunit interactions within the ESCRT-II and ESCRT-III complexes. Eur J Cell Biol 2017; 97:44-62. [PMID: 29224850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ESCRT pathway functions at different subcellular membranes to induce their negative curvature, and it has been largely characterized in model eukaryotes belonging to Opisthokonta. But searches of the genomes of many nonopisthokonts belonging to various supergroups indicate that some of them may harbour fewer ESCRT components. Of the genomes explored thus far, one of the most minimal set of ESCRT components was identified in the human pathogen Giardia lamblia, which belongs to Excavata. Here we report that an ESCRT-mediated pathway most likely operates at the peripheral vesicles, which are located at the cell periphery and the bare zone of this protist. Functional comparison of all the identified putative giardial ESCRT components, with the corresponding well-characterized orthologues from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, indicated that only some of the ESCRT components could functionally substitute for the corresponding yeast proteins. While GlVps25, GlVps2, and all three paralogues of GlVps4, tested positive in functional complementation assays, GlVps22, GlVps20, and GlVps24 did not. Binary interactions of either GlVps22 or GlVps25, with other ESCRT-II components from Giardia or yeast indicate that the giardial Vps36 orthologue is either completely missing or highly diverged. Interactions within the giardial ESCRT-III components also differ from those in yeast; while GlVps46a interacts preferentially with Vps24 compared to Vps2, GlVps46b, like the yeast orthologue, interacts with both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabanita Saha
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, P 1/12 CIT Road Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India.
| | - Somnath Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, P 1/12 CIT Road Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India.
| | - Shankari P Datta
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, P 1/12 CIT Road Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India.
| | - Srimonti Sarkar
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, P 1/12 CIT Road Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India.
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24
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MacDonald C, Piper RC. Genetic dissection of early endosomal recycling highlights a TORC1-independent role for Rag GTPases. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:3275-3290. [PMID: 28768685 PMCID: PMC5626546 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201702177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recycling of internalized membrane proteins back to the cell surface controls diverse cellular processes. MacDonald and Piper genetically dissect a recycling pathway in yeast to reveal a cohort of novel and conserved factors, including the Rag GTPases, which contribute to metabolic control by regulating surface recycling independently of TORC1 signaling. Endocytosed cell surface membrane proteins rely on recycling pathways for their return to the plasma membrane. Although endosome-to-plasma membrane recycling is critical for many cellular processes, much of the required machinery is unknown. We discovered that yeast has a recycling route from endosomes to the cell surface that functions efficiently after inactivation of the sec7-1 allele of Sec7, which controls transit through the Golgi. A genetic screen based on an engineered synthetic reporter that exclusively follows this pathway revealed that recycling was subject to metabolic control through the Rag GTPases Gtr1 and Gtr2, which work downstream of the exchange factor Vam6. Gtr1 and Gtr2 control the recycling pathway independently of TORC1 regulation through the Gtr1 interactor Ltv1. We further show that the early-endosome recycling route and its control though the Vam6>Gtr1/Gtr2>Ltv1 pathway plays a physiological role in regulating the abundance of amino acid transporters at the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris MacDonald
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Robert C Piper
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
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25
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Xia H, Shao D, Liu X, Wang Q, Zhou Y, Chen K. Identification and Characterization of BmVta1, a Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) Homologue for Vta1 That is Up-Regulated in Development. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2017; 17:3883618. [PMID: 28973578 PMCID: PMC5538328 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iex055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Vps20-associated 1 (Vta1) positively regulates Vacuolar protein sorting 4 (Vps4) to disassemble endosomal sorting complex required for transport III (ESCRT-III) for repeated uses in multivesicular body (MVB) pathway, virus budding and other processes. Currently, these proteins have mainly been studied in yeast and mammalian cells, while identities of them in insects remain largely unknown. We previously identified BmVps4, a Vps4 homologue from Bombyx mori. Here, we report the identification of a homologue for Vta1, designated as BmVta1. The BmVta1 cDNA contains an open reading frame of 933 bp and encodes a protein of 311 amino acid residues. We cloned BmVta1, expressed it in Escherichia coli, and prepared mouse polyclonal antibodies. Like BmVps4, BmVta1 is well conserved as shown by sequence analysis. Both proteins are localized in cytoplasm as revealed by subcellular location analysis. Interestingly, as revealed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (sqRT-PCR), transcriptions of BmVta1 and BmVps4 are highly up-regulated during silkworm metamorphosis and embryogenesis but down-regulated during larva stages, and are of higher levels in head, silk gland and testis than in Malpighian tube, fat body and ganglion, indicating important and similar roles of them in silkworm development and in silkworm tissues and organs. However, compared to BmVps4, the transcription of BmVta1 changes less drastically during development and is of much higher levels in midgut, ovary and hemolymph, suggesting the existence of distinct requirements of them in silkworm development and in certain tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengchuan Xia
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China (; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Dandan Shao
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China (; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Xiaoyong Liu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China (; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China (; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Yang Zhou
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China (; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Keping Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China (; ; ; ; ; )
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26
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Gilden JK, Umaer K, Kruzel EK, Hecht O, Correa RO, Mansfield JM, Bangs JD. The role of the PI(3,5)P 2 kinase TbFab1 in endo/lysosomal trafficking in Trypanosoma brucei. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2017; 214:52-61. [PMID: 28356223 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Protein trafficking through endo/lysosomal compartments is critically important to the biology of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei, but the routes material may take to the lysosome, as well as the molecular factors regulating those routes, remain incompletely understood. Phosphoinositides are signaling phospholipids that regulate many trafficking events by recruiting specific effector proteins to discrete membrane subdomains. In this study, we investigate the role of one phosphoinositide, PI(3,5)P2 in T. brucei. We find a low steady state level of PI(3,5)P2 in bloodstream form parasites comparable to that of other organisms. RNAi knockdown of the putative PI(3)P-5 kinase TbFab1 decreases the PI(3,5)P2 pool leading to rapid cell death. TbFab1 and PI(3,5)P2 both localize strongly to late endo/lysosomes. While most trafficking functions were intact in TbFab1 deficient cells, including both endocytic and biosynthetic trafficking to the lysosome, lysosomal turnover of an endogenous ubiquitinylated membrane protein, ISG65, was completely blocked suggesting that TbFab1 plays a role in the ESCRT-mediated late endosomal/multivesicular body degradative pathways. Knockdown of a second component of PI(3,5)P2 metabolism, the PI(3,5)P2 phosphatase TbFig4, also resulted in delayed turnover of ISG65. Together, these results demonstrate an essential role for PI(3,5)P2 in the turnover of ubiquitinylated membrane proteins and in trypanosome endomembrane biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Gilden
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Khan Umaer
- Department of Microbiology Immunology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo (SUNY), Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Emilia K Kruzel
- Department of Microbiology Immunology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo (SUNY), Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Oliver Hecht
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Renan O Correa
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - John M Mansfield
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - James D Bangs
- Department of Microbiology Immunology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo (SUNY), Buffalo, NY, USA.
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27
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Shen J, Yang Z, Wang J, Zhao B, Lan W, Wang C, Zhang X, Wild CJ, Liu M, Xu Z, Cao C. NMR studies on the interactions between yeast Vta1 and Did2 during the multivesicular bodies sorting pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38710. [PMID: 27924850 PMCID: PMC5141497 DOI: 10.1038/srep38710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As an AAA-ATPase, Vps4 is important for function of multivesicular bodies (MVB) sorting pathway, which involves in cellular phenomena ranging from receptor down-regulation to viral budding to cytokinesis. The activity of Vps4 is stimulated by the interactions between Vta1 N-terminus (named as Vta1NTD) and Did2 fragment (176–204 aa) (termed as Did2176–204) or Vps60 (128–186 aa) (termed as Vps60128–186). The structural basis of how Vta1NTD binds to Did2176–204 is still unclear. To address this, in this report, the structure of Did2176–204 in complex with Vta1NTD was determined by NMR techniques, demonstrating that Did2176–204 interacts with Vta1NTD through its helix α6′ extending over the 2nd and the 3rd α-helices of Vta1NTD microtubule interacting and transport 1 (MIT1) domain. The residues within Did2176–204 helix α6′ in the interface make up of an amino acid sequence as E192′xxL195′xxR198′L199′xxL202′R203′, identical to type 1 MIT-interacting motif (MIM1) (D/E)xxLxxRLxxL(K/R) of CHMP1A180–196 observed in Vps4-CHMP1A complex structure, indicating that Did2 binds to Vta1NTD through canonical MIM1 interactions. Moreover, the Did2 binding does not result in Vta1NTD significant conformational changes, revealing that Did2, similar to Vps60, enhances Vta1 stimulation of Vps4 ATPase activity in an indirect manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 XiQiDao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Zhongzheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Public Technology Service Platform, Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, 666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075, China
| | - Jiaolong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenxian Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chunxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 30 West Xiaohongshan Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Cody J Wild
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Michigan, 210 Washtenaw Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maili Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 30 West Xiaohongshan Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhaohui Xu
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Michigan, 210 Washtenaw Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chunyang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
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28
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Herpes Simplex Virus Capsid Localization to ESCRT-VPS4 Complexes in the Presence and Absence of the Large Tegument Protein UL36p. J Virol 2016; 90:7257-7267. [PMID: 27252536 PMCID: PMC4984650 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00857-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED UL36p (VP1/2) is the largest protein encoded by herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and resides in the innermost layer of tegument, the complex protein layer between the capsid and envelope. UL36p performs multiple functions in the HSV life cycle, including a critical but unknown role in capsid cytoplasmic envelopment. We tested whether UL36p is essential for envelopment because it is required to engage capsids with the cellular ESCRT/Vps4 apparatus. A green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fused form of the dominant negative ATPase Vps4-EQ was used to irreversibly tag ESCRT envelopment sites during infection by UL36p-expressing and UL36-null HSV strains. Using fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, we quantitated capsid/Vps4-EQ colocalization and examined the ultrastructure of the corresponding viral assembly intermediates. We found that loss of UL36p resulted in a two-thirds reduction in the efficiency of capsid/Vps4-EQ association but that the remaining UL36p-null capsids were still able to engage the ESCRT envelopment apparatus. It appears that although UL36p helps to couple HSV capsids to the ESCRT pathway, this is likely not the sole reason for its absolute requirement for envelopment. IMPORTANCE Envelopment of the HSV capsid is essential for the assembly of an infectious virion and requires the complex interplay of a large number of viral and cellular proteins. Critical to envelope assembly is the virally encoded protein UL36p, whose function is unknown. Here we test the hypothesis that UL36p is essential for the recruitment of cellular ESCRT complexes, which are also known to be required for envelopment.
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29
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Structural Fine-Tuning of MIT-Interacting Motif 2 (MIM2) and Allosteric Regulation of ESCRT-III by Vps4 in Yeast. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:2392-2404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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30
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Paez Valencia J, Goodman K, Otegui MS. Endocytosis and Endosomal Trafficking in Plants. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 67:309-35. [PMID: 27128466 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-043015-112242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis and endosomal trafficking are essential processes in cells that control the dynamics and turnover of plasma membrane proteins, such as receptors, transporters, and cell wall biosynthetic enzymes. Plasma membrane proteins (cargo) are internalized by endocytosis through clathrin-dependent or clathrin-independent mechanism and delivered to early endosomes. From the endosomes, cargo proteins are recycled back to the plasma membrane via different pathways, which rely on small GTPases and the retromer complex. Proteins that are targeted for degradation through ubiquitination are sorted into endosomal vesicles by the ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) machinery for degradation in the vacuole. Endocytic and endosomal trafficking regulates many cellular, developmental, and physiological processes, including cellular polarization, hormone transport, metal ion homeostasis, cytokinesis, pathogen responses, and development. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms that mediate the recognition and sorting of endocytic and endosomal cargos, the vesiculation processes that mediate their trafficking, and their connection to cellular and physiological responses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Paez Valencia
- Department of Botany
- R.M. Bock Laboratories of Cell and Molecular Biology, and
| | - Kaija Goodman
- Department of Botany
- R.M. Bock Laboratories of Cell and Molecular Biology, and
| | - Marisa S Otegui
- Department of Botany
- R.M. Bock Laboratories of Cell and Molecular Biology, and
- Department of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706; , ,
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31
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Curwin AJ, Brouwers N, Alonso Y Adell M, Teis D, Turacchio G, Parashuraman S, Ronchi P, Malhotra V. ESCRT-III drives the final stages of CUPS maturation for unconventional protein secretion. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27115345 PMCID: PMC4868542 DOI: 10.7554/elife.16299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The unconventional secretory pathway exports proteins that bypass the endoplasmic reticulum. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, conditions that trigger Acb1 secretion via this pathway generate a Grh1 containing compartment composed of vesicles and tubules surrounded by a cup-shaped membrane and collectively called CUPS. Here we report a quantitative assay for Acb1 secretion that reveals requirements for ESCRT-I, -II, and -III but, surprisingly, without the involvement of the Vps4 AAA-ATPase. The major ESCRT-III subunit Snf7 localizes transiently to CUPS and this was accelerated in vps4Δ cells, correlating with increased Acb1 secretion. Microscopic analysis suggests that, instead of forming intraluminal vesicles with the help of Vps4, ESCRT-III/Snf7 promotes direct engulfment of preexisting Grh1 containing vesicles and tubules into a saccule to generate a mature Acb1 containing compartment. This novel multivesicular / multilamellar compartment, we suggest represents the stable secretory form of CUPS that is competent for the release of Acb1 to cells exterior. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.16299.001 Cells produce thousands of different proteins with a variety of different roles in the body. Some proteins, for example the hormone insulin, perform roles outside of the cell and are released from cells in a process that has several stages. In the first step, newly-made insulin and many other “secretory” proteins enter a compartment called the endoplasmic reticulum. Once inside, these proteins can then be loaded into other compartments and transported to the edge of the cell. There is another class of secretory proteins that are released from the cell without first entering the endoplasmic reticulum, in a process termed “unconventional protein secretion”. A protein called Acb1 is released from yeast cells in this manner. Previous research identified a compartment that might be involved in this process. However, it is not clear how this compartment (named CUPS) forms, and what role it plays in unconventional protein secretion. Curwin et al. investigated how CUPS form in yeast cells, and whether the compartment contains Acb1 proteins. The experiments reveal that after CUPS form they need to mature into a form that is involved in the release of Acb1 proteins from the cell. This maturation process involves some, but not all, of the same genes as those involved in producing another type of compartment in cells called a multivesicular body. Acb1 is only found in the mature CUPS and multivesicular bodies are not involved in the release of this protein from the cell. Curwin et al.’s findings shed some light on how Acb1 and other secretory proteins can be released from cells without involving the endoplasmic reticulum. Future challenges are to reveal how CUPS capture cargo and find out how Acb1 leaves the CUPS to exit the cell. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.16299.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J Curwin
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nathalie Brouwers
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Alonso Y Adell
- Division of Cell Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Teis
- Division of Cell Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gabriele Turacchio
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Ronchi
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vivek Malhotra
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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32
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Alonso Y Adell M, Migliano SM, Teis D. ESCRT-III and Vps4: a dynamic multipurpose tool for membrane budding and scission. FEBS J 2016; 283:3288-302. [PMID: 26910595 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Complex molecular machineries bud, scission and repair cellular membranes. Components of the multi-subunit endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery are enlisted when multivesicular bodies are generated, extracellular vesicles are formed, the plasma membrane needs to be repaired, enveloped viruses bud out of host cells, defective nuclear pores have to be cleared, the nuclear envelope must be resealed after mitosis and for final midbody abscission during cytokinesis. While some ESCRT components are only required for specific processes, the assembly of ESCRT-III polymers on target membranes and the action of the AAA-ATPase Vps4 are mandatory for every process. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of structural and functional features of ESCRT-III/Vps4 assemblies in the growing pantheon of ESCRT-dependent pathways. We describe specific recruitment processes for ESCRT-III to different membranes, which could be useful to selectively inhibit ESCRT function during specific processes, while not affecting other ESCRT-dependent processes. Finally, we speculate how ESCRT-III and Vps4 might function together and highlight how the characterization of their precise spatiotemporal organization will improve our understanding of ESCRT-mediated membrane budding and scission in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simona M Migliano
- Division of Cell Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Teis
- Division of Cell Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria.
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33
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Caillat C, Macheboeuf P, Wu Y, McCarthy AA, Boeri-Erba E, Effantin G, Göttlinger HG, Weissenhorn W, Renesto P. Asymmetric ring structure of Vps4 required for ESCRT-III disassembly. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8781. [PMID: 26632262 PMCID: PMC4686814 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The vacuolar protein sorting 4 AAA-ATPase (Vps4) recycles endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT-III) polymers from cellular membranes. Here we present a 3.6-Å X-ray structure of ring-shaped Vps4 from Metallosphera sedula (MsVps4), seen as an asymmetric pseudohexamer. Conserved key interface residues are shown to be important for MsVps4 assembly, ATPase activity in vitro, ESCRT-III disassembly in vitro and HIV-1 budding. ADP binding leads to conformational changes within the protomer, which might propagate within the ring structure. All ATP-binding sites are accessible and the pseudohexamer binds six ATP with micromolar affinity in vitro. In contrast, ADP occupies one high-affinity and five low-affinity binding sites in vitro, consistent with conformational asymmetry induced on ATP hydrolysis. The structure represents a snapshot of an assembled Vps4 conformation and provides insight into the molecular motions the ring structure undergoes in a concerted action to couple ATP hydrolysis to ESCRT-III substrate disassembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Caillat
- Unit of Virus-Host Cell interactions (UVHCI), University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UVHCI, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Pauline Macheboeuf
- Unit of Virus-Host Cell interactions (UVHCI), University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UVHCI, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Yuanfei Wu
- Program in Gene Function and Expression, Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - Andrew A. McCarthy
- Unit of Virus-Host Cell interactions (UVHCI), University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38042 Grenoble, France
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Grenoble Outstation, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Elisabetta Boeri-Erba
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), University of Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38044 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, IBS, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38044 Grenoble, France
- CEA, IBS, 71 avenue des Martyrs F-38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Gregory Effantin
- Unit of Virus-Host Cell interactions (UVHCI), University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UVHCI, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Heinrich G. Göttlinger
- Program in Gene Function and Expression, Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - Winfried Weissenhorn
- Unit of Virus-Host Cell interactions (UVHCI), University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UVHCI, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Patricia Renesto
- Unit of Virus-Host Cell interactions (UVHCI), University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UVHCI, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
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Pocognoni CA, Berberián MV, Mayorga LS. ESCRT (Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport) Machinery Is Essential for Acrosomal Exocytosis in Human Sperm1. Biol Reprod 2015; 93:124. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.132001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Tan J, Davies BA, Payne JA, Benson LM, Katzmann DJ. Conformational Changes in the Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for the Transport III Subunit Ist1 Lead to Distinct Modes of ATPase Vps4 Regulation. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:30053-65. [PMID: 26515066 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.665604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Intralumenal vesicle formation of the multivesicular body is a critical step in the delivery of endocytic cargoes to the lysosome for degradation. Endosomal sorting complex required for transport III (ESCRT-III) subunits polymerize on endosomal membranes to facilitate membrane budding away from the cytoplasm to generate these intralumenal vesicles. The ATPase Vps4 remodels and disassembles ESCRT-III, but the manner in which Vps4 activity is coordinated with ESCRT-III function remains unclear. Ist1 is structurally homologous to ESCRT-III subunits and has been reported to inhibit Vps4 function despite the presence of a microtubule-interacting and trafficking domain-interacting motif (MIM) capable of stimulating Vps4 in the context of other ESCRT-III subunits. Here we report that Ist1 inhibition of Vps4 ATPase activity involves two elements in Ist1: the MIM itself and a surface containing a conserved ELYC sequence. In contrast, the MIM interaction, in concert with a more open conformation of the Ist1 core, resulted in stimulation of Vps4. Addition of the ESCRT-III subunit binding partner of Ist1, Did2, also converted Ist1 from an inhibitor to a stimulator of Vps4 ATPase activity. Finally, distinct regulation of Vps4 by Ist1 corresponded with altered ESCRT-III disassembly in vitro. Together, these data support a model in which Ist1-Did2 interactions during ESCRT-III polymerization coordinate Vps4 activity with the timing of ESCRT-III disassembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Tan
- From the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Mayo Graduate School, and
| | | | | | - Linda M Benson
- Mayo Medical Genome Facility Proteomics Core, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
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Dobzinski N, Chuartzman S, Kama R, Schuldiner M, Gerst J. Starvation-Dependent Regulation of Golgi Quality Control Links the TOR Signaling and Vacuolar Protein Sorting Pathways. Cell Rep 2015; 12:1876-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Li Z, Blissard G. The vacuolar protein sorting genes in insects: A comparative genome view. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 62:211-225. [PMID: 25486452 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, regulated vesicular trafficking is critical for directing protein transport and for recycling and degradation of membrane lipids and proteins. Through carefully regulated transport vesicles, the endomembrane system performs a large and important array of dynamic cellular functions while maintaining the integrity of the cellular membrane system. Genetic studies in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have identified approximately 50 vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) genes involved in vesicle trafficking, and most of these genes are also characterized in mammals. The VPS proteins form distinct functional complexes, which include complexes known as ESCRT, retromer, CORVET, HOPS, GARP, and PI3K-III. Little is known about the orthologs of VPS proteins in insects. Here, with the newly annotated Manduca sexta genome, we carried out genomic comparative analysis of VPS proteins in yeast, humans, and 13 sequenced insect genomes representing the Orders Hymenoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Phthiraptera, Lepidoptera, and Coleoptera. Amino acid sequence alignments and domain/motif structure analyses reveal that most of the components of ESCRT, retromer, CORVET, HOPS, GARP, and PI3K-III are evolutionarily conserved across yeast, insects, and humans. However, in contrast to the VPS gene expansions observed in the human genome, only four VPS genes (VPS13, VPS16, VPS33, and VPS37) were expanded in the six insect Orders. Additionally, VPS2 was expanded only in species from Phthiraptera, Lepidoptera, and Coleoptera. These studies provide a baseline for understanding the evolution of vesicular trafficking across yeast, insect, and human genomes, and also provide a basis for further addressing specific functional roles of VPS proteins in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Northwest Loess Plateau Crop Pest Management of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Gary Blissard
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Dutta S, Saha N, Ray A, Sarkar S. Significantly Diverged Did2/Vps46 Orthologues from the Protozoan Parasite Giardia lamblia. Curr Microbiol 2015; 71:333-40. [PMID: 26068593 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-015-0844-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The endosomal compartment performs extensive sorting functions in most eukaryotes, some of which are accomplished with the help of the multivesicular body (MVB) sorting pathway. This pathway depends on the sequential action of complexes, termed the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT). After successful sorting, the crucial step of recycling of the ESCRT complex components requires the activation of the AAA ATPase Vps4, and Did2/Vps46 plays an important role in this activation event. The endolysosomal system of the protozoan parasite Giardia lamblia appears to lack complexity, for instead of having distinct early endosomes, late endosomes and lysosomes, there are only peripheral vesicles (PVs) that are located close to the cell periphery. Additionally, comparative genomics studies predict the presence of only a subset of the ESCRT components in G. lamblia. Thus, it is possible that the MVB pathway is not functional in G. lamblia. To address this issue, the present study focused on the two putative orthologues of Did2/Vps46 of G. lamblia as their function is likely to be pivotal for a functional MVB sorting pathway. In spite of considerable sequence divergence, compared to other eukaryotic orthologues, the proteins encoded by both these genes have the ability to function as Did2/Vps46 in the context of the yeast ESCRT pathway. Furthermore, they also localized to the cellular periphery, where PVs are also located. Thus, this report is the first to provide experimental evidence indicating the presence of a functional ESCRT component in G. lamblia by characterizing the putative Did2/Vps46 orthologues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry (Room 226), Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, P 1/12 C.I.T. Scheme VII M, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India
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Abstract
The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) are best known for their role in sorting ubiquitylated membrane proteins into endosomes. The most ancient component of the ESCRT machinery is ESCRT-III, which is capable of oligomerizing into a helical filament that drives the invagination and scission of membranes aided by the AAA ATPase, Vps4, in several additional subcellular contexts. Our recent study broadens the work of ESCRT-III by identifying its role in a quality control pathway at the nuclear envelope (NE) that ensures the normal biogenesis of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). Here, we will elaborate on how we envision this mechanism to progress and incorporate ESCRT-III into an emerging model of nuclear pore formation. Moreover, we speculate there are additional roles for the ESCRT-III machinery at the NE that broadly function to ensure its integrity and the maintenance of the nuclear compartment.
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Key Words
- ERAD, ER-Associated Degradation
- ESCRT, Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport
- INM, Inner Nuclear Membrane
- LEM, Lap2, Emerin, MAN1
- MVB, Multivesicular Body
- NE, Nuclear Envelope
- NLS, Nuclear Localization Signal
- NPC, Nuclear Pore Complex
- ONM, Outer Nuclear Membrane
- SINC, Storage of Improperly assembled Nuclear pore Complexes
- endosomal sorting complex required for transport
- membrane curvature
- nuclear envelope
- nuclear pore complex
- quality control
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Han H, Monroe N, Votteler J, Shakya B, Sundquist WI, Hill CP. Binding of Substrates to the Central Pore of the Vps4 ATPase Is Autoinhibited by the Microtubule Interacting and Trafficking (MIT) Domain and Activated by MIT Interacting Motifs (MIMs). J Biol Chem 2015; 290:13490-9. [PMID: 25833946 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.642355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) pathway drives reverse topology membrane fission events within multiple cellular pathways, including cytokinesis, multivesicular body biogenesis, repair of the plasma membrane, nuclear membrane vesicle formation, and HIV budding. The AAA ATPase Vps4 is recruited to membrane necks shortly before fission, where it catalyzes disassembly of the ESCRT-III lattice. The N-terminal Vps4 microtubule-interacting and trafficking (MIT) domains initially bind the C-terminal MIT-interacting motifs (MIMs) of ESCRT-III subunits, but it is unclear how the enzyme then remodels these substrates in response to ATP hydrolysis. Here, we report quantitative binding studies that demonstrate that residues from helix 5 of the Vps2p subunit of ESCRT-III bind to the central pore of an asymmetric Vps4p hexamer in a manner that is dependent upon the presence of flexible nucleotide analogs that can mimic multiple states in the ATP hydrolysis cycle. We also find that substrate engagement is autoinhibited by the Vps4p MIT domain and that this inhibition is relieved by binding of either Type 1 or Type 2 MIM elements, which bind the Vps4p MIT domain through different interfaces. These observations support the model that Vps4 substrates are initially recruited by an MIM-MIT interaction that activates the Vps4 central pore to engage substrates and generate force, thereby triggering ESCRT-III disassembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Han
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650
| | - Nicole Monroe
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650
| | - Jörg Votteler
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650
| | - Binita Shakya
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650
| | - Wesley I Sundquist
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650
| | - Christopher P Hill
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650
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Webster BM, Colombi P, Jäger J, Lusk CP. Surveillance of nuclear pore complex assembly by ESCRT-III/Vps4. Cell 2015; 159:388-401. [PMID: 25303532 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The maintenance of nuclear compartmentalization by the nuclear envelope and nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) is essential for cell function; loss of compartmentalization is associated with cancers, laminopathies, and aging. We uncovered a pathway that surveils NPC assembly intermediates to promote the formation of functional NPCs. Surveillance is mediated by Heh2, a member of the LEM (Lap2-emerin-MAN1) family of integral inner nuclear membrane proteins, which binds to an early NPC assembly intermediate, but not to mature NPCs. Heh2 recruits the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT)-III subunit Snf7 and the AAA-ATPase Vps4 to destabilize and clear defective NPC assembly intermediates. When surveillance or clearance is compromised, malformed NPCs accumulate in a storage of improperly assembled nuclear pore complexes compartment, or SINC. The SINC is retained in old mothers to prevent loss of daughter lifespan, highlighting a continuum of mechanisms to ensure nuclear compartmentalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brant M Webster
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Paolo Colombi
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jens Jäger
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - C Patrick Lusk
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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42
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Guo EZ, Xu Z. Distinct mechanisms of recognizing endosomal sorting complex required for transport III (ESCRT-III) protein IST1 by different microtubule interacting and trafficking (MIT) domains. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:8396-408. [PMID: 25657007 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.607903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery is responsible for membrane remodeling in a number of biological processes including multivesicular body biogenesis, cytokinesis, and enveloped virus budding. In mammalian cells, efficient abscission during cytokinesis requires proper function of the ESCRT-III protein IST1, which binds to the microtubule interacting and trafficking (MIT) domains of VPS4, LIP5, and Spartin via its C-terminal MIT-interacting motif (MIM). Here, we studied the molecular interactions between IST1 and the three MIT domain-containing proteins to understand the structural basis that governs pairwise MIT-MIM interaction. Crystal structures of the three molecular complexes revealed that IST1 binds to the MIT domains of VPS4, LIP5, and Spartin using two different mechanisms (MIM1 mode versus MIM3 mode). Structural comparison revealed that structural features in both MIT and MIM contribute to determine the specific binding mechanism. Within the IST1 MIM sequence, two phenylalanine residues were shown to be important in discriminating MIM1 versus MIM3 binding. These observations enabled us to deduce a preliminary binding code, which we applied to provide CHMP2A, a protein that normally only binds the MIT domain in the MIM1 mode, the additional ability to bind the MIT domain of Spartin in the MIM3 mode.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhaohui Xu
- From the Life Science Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
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Matafora V, Zagato L, Ferrandi M, Molinari I, Zerbini G, Casamassima N, Lanzani C, Delli Carpini S, Trepiccione F, Manunta P, Bachi A, Capasso G. Quantitative proteomics reveals novel therapeutic and diagnostic markers in hypertension. BBA CLINICAL 2014; 2:79-87. [PMID: 26672470 PMCID: PMC4633972 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a prevalent disorder in the world representing one of the major risk factors for heart attack and stroke. These risks are increased in salt sensitive individuals. Hypertension and salt sensitivity are complex phenotypes whose pathophysiology remains poorly understood and, remarkably, salt sensitivity is still laborious to diagnose. Here we present a urinary proteomic study specifically designed to identify urinary proteins relevant for the pathogenesis of hypertension and salt sensitivity. Despite previous studies that underlined the association of UMOD gene variants with hypertension, this work provides novel evidence showing different uromodulin protein level in the urine of hypertensive patients compared to healthy individuals. Notably, we also show that patients with higher level of uromodulin are homozygous for UMOD risk variant and display a decreased level of salt excretion, highlighting the essential role of UMOD in the regulation of salt reabsorption in hypertension. Additionally, we found that urinary nephrin 1, a marker of glomerular slit diaphragm, may predict a salt sensitive phenotype and positively correlate with increased albuminuria associated with this type of hypertension. We identified urinary proteins differently excreted in hypertensive patients. Nephrin 1 might predict salt sensitive phenotype and glomerular complications. Uromodulin impacts salt homeostasis in hypertension. We provide new insights into the pathogenesis of hypertension and salt sensitivity.
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Key Words
- BMI, body mass index
- BP, blood pressure
- DBP, diastolic BP
- GO, Gene Ontology
- Glomerular injury
- LC–MS/MS, liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry
- MBP, mean BP.
- MQ, MaxQuant
- Nephrinuria
- Quantitative proteomics
- SBP, systolic BP
- SR, salt resistant
- SS, salt sensitive
- Salt homeostasis
- Salt sensitive hypertension
- Urinary biomarker
- Uromodulin
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Matafora
- IFOM-FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy ; Chair of Nephrology, Department of Cardio-Vascular Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Zagato
- Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Division of Genetics & Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Ferrandi
- Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Division of Genetics & Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Molinari
- Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Division of Genetics & Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Zerbini
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nunzia Casamassima
- Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Division of Genetics & Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Lanzani
- Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Division of Genetics & Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Delli Carpini
- Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Division of Genetics & Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Trepiccione
- Chair of Nephrology, Department of Cardio-Vascular Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Manunta
- Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Division of Genetics & Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy ; Chair of Nephrology, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Bachi
- IFOM-FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovambattista Capasso
- Chair of Nephrology, Department of Cardio-Vascular Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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44
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Blocking ESCRT-mediated envelopment inhibits microtubule-dependent trafficking of alphaherpesviruses in vitro. J Virol 2014; 88:14467-78. [PMID: 25297998 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02777-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and, as reported here, pseudorabies virus (PRV) utilize the ESCRT apparatus to drive cytoplasmic envelopment of their capsids. Here, we demonstrate that blocking ESCRT-mediated envelopment using the dominant-negative inhibitor Vps4A-EQ (Vps4A in which glutamate [E] at position 228 in the ATPase active site is replaced by a glutamine [Q]) reduced the ability of HSV and PRV particles to subsequently traffic along microtubules in vitro. HSV and PRV capsid-associated particles with bound green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled Vps4A-EQ were readily detected by fluorescence microscopy in cytoplasmic extracts of infected cells. These Vps4A-EQ-associated capsid-containing particles bound to microtubules in vitro but were unable to traffic along them. Using a PRV strain expressing a fluorescent capsid and a fluorescently tagged form of the envelope protein gD, we found that similar numbers of gD-positive and gD-negative capsid-associated particles accumulated in cytoplasmic extracts under our conditions. Both classes of PRV particle bound to microtubules in vitro with comparable efficiency, and similar results were obtained for HSV using anti-gD immunostaining. The gD-positive and gD-negative PRV capsids were both capable of trafficking along microtubules in vitro; however, motile gD-positive particles were less numerous and their trafficking was more sensitive to the inhibitory effects of Vps4A-EQ. We discuss our data in the context of microtubule-mediated trafficking of naked and enveloped alphaherpesvirus capsids. IMPORTANCE The alphaherpesviruses include several important human pathogens. These viruses utilize microtubule-mediated transport to travel through the cell cytoplasm; however, the molecular mechanisms of trafficking are not well understood. In this study, we have used a cell-free system to examine the requirements for microtubule trafficking and have attempted to distinguish between the movement of so-called "naked" and membrane-associated cytoplasmic alphaherpesvirus capsids.
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The vacuolar-sorting protein Snf7 is required for export of virulence determinants in members of the Cryptococcus neoformans complex. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6198. [PMID: 25178636 PMCID: PMC4151102 DOI: 10.1038/srep06198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal pathogenesis requires a number of extracellularly released virulence factors. Recent studies demonstrating that most fungal extracellular molecules lack secretory tags suggest that unconventional secretion mechanisms and fungal virulence are strictly connected. Proteins of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) have been recently associated with polysaccharide export in the yeast-like human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. Snf7 is a key ESCRT operator required for unconventional secretion in Eukaryotes. In this study we generated snf7Δ mutant strains of C. neoformans and its sibling species C. gattii. Lack of Snf7 resulted in important alterations in polysaccharide secretion, capsular formation and pigmentation. This phenotype culminated with loss of virulence in an intranasal model of murine infection in both species. Our data support the notion that Snf7 expression regulates virulence in C. neoformans and C. gattii by ablating polysaccharide and melanin traffic. These results are in agreement with the observation that unconventional secretion is essential for cryptococcal pathogenesis and strongly suggest the occurrence of still obscure mechanisms of exportation of non-protein molecules in Eukaryotes.
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Davies BA, Norgan AP, Payne JA, Schulz ME, Nichols MD, Tan JA, Xu Z, Katzmann DJ. Vps4 stimulatory element of the cofactor Vta1 contacts the ATPase Vps4 α7 and α9 to stimulate ATP hydrolysis. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:28707-18. [PMID: 25164817 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.580696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRTs) function in a variety of membrane remodeling processes including multivesicular body sorting, abscission during cytokinesis, budding of enveloped viruses, and repair of the plasma membrane. Vps4 ATPase activity modulates ESCRT function and is itself modulated by its cofactor Vta1 and its substrate ESCRT-III. The carboxyl-terminal Vta1/SBP-1/Lip5 (VSL) domain of Vta1 binds to the Vps4 β-domain to promote Vps4 oligomerization-dependent ATP hydrolysis. Additionally, the Vps4 stimulatory element (VSE) of Vta1 contributes to enhancing Vps4 oligomer ATP hydrolysis. The VSE is also required for Vta1-dependent stimulation of Vps4 by ESCRT-III subunits. However, the manner by which the Vta1 VSE contributes to Vps4 activation is unknown. Existing structural data were used to generate a model of the Vta1 VSE in complex with Vps4. This model implicated residues within the small ATPase associated with various activities (AAA) domain, specifically α-helices 7 and 9, as relevant contact sites. Rational generation of Vps4 mutants defective for VSE-mediated stimulation, as well as intergenic compensatory mutations, support the validity of this model. These findings have uncovered the Vps4 surface responsible for coordinating ESCRT-III-stimulated Vta1 input during ESCRT function and identified a novel mechanism of Vps4 stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Davies
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Andrew P Norgan
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Johanna A Payne
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Mary E Schulz
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, the Department of Biology, Lawrence University, Appleton, Wisconsin 54911
| | - Micah D Nichols
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, Byron High School, Byron, Minnesota 55920, and
| | - Jason A Tan
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Zhaohui Xu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - David J Katzmann
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905,
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48
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Adell MAY, Vogel GF, Pakdel M, Müller M, Lindner H, Hess MW, Teis D. Coordinated binding of Vps4 to ESCRT-III drives membrane neck constriction during MVB vesicle formation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 205:33-49. [PMID: 24711499 PMCID: PMC3987140 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201310114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Five endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRTs) mediate the degradation of ubiquitinated membrane proteins via multivesicular bodies (MVBs) in lysosomes. ESCRT-0, -I, and -II interact with cargo on endosomes. ESCRT-II also initiates the assembly of a ringlike ESCRT-III filament consisting of Vps20, Snf7, Vps24, and Vps2. The AAA-adenosine triphosphatase Vps4 disassembles and recycles the ESCRT-III complex, thereby terminating the ESCRT pathway. A mechanistic role for Vps4 in intraluminal vesicle (ILV) formation has been unclear. By combining yeast genetics, biochemistry, and electron tomography, we find that ESCRT-III assembly on endosomes is required to induce or stabilize the necks of growing MVB ILVs. Yet, ESCRT-III alone is not sufficient to complete ILV biogenesis. Rather, binding of Vps4 to ESCRT-III, coordinated by interactions with Vps2 and Snf7, is coupled to membrane neck constriction during ILV formation. Thus, Vps4 not only recycles ESCRT-III subunits but also cooperates with ESCRT-III to drive distinct membrane-remodeling steps, which lead to efficient membrane scission at the end of ILV biogenesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Alonso Y Adell
- Division of Cell Biology and 2 Division of Clinical Biochemistry, Biocenter; and 3 Division of Histology and Embryology; Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
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Morito D, Nishikawa K, Hoseki J, Kitamura A, Kotani Y, Kiso K, Kinjo M, Fujiyoshi Y, Nagata K. Moyamoya disease-associated protein mysterin/RNF213 is a novel AAA+ ATPase, which dynamically changes its oligomeric state. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4442. [PMID: 24658080 PMCID: PMC3963067 DOI: 10.1038/srep04442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Moyamoya disease is an idiopathic human cerebrovascular disorder that is characterized by progressive stenosis and abnormal collateral vessels. We recently identified mysterin/RNF213 as its first susceptibility gene, which encodes a 591-kDa protein containing enzymatically active P-loop ATPase and ubiquitin ligase domains and is involved in proper vascular development in zebrafish. Here we demonstrate that mysterin further contains two tandem AAA+ ATPase modules and forms huge ring-shaped oligomeric complex. AAA+ ATPases are known to generally mediate various biophysical and mechanical processes with the characteristic ring-shaped structure. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and biochemical evaluation suggested that mysterin dynamically changes its oligomeric forms through ATP/ADP binding and hydrolysis cycles. Thus, the moyamoya disease-associated gene product is a unique protein that functions as ubiquitin ligase and AAA+ ATPase, which possibly contributes to vascular development through mechanical processes in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Morito
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Kouki Nishikawa
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Jun Hoseki
- 1] Research Unit for Physiological Chemistry, The Center for the Promotion of Interdisciplinary Education and Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan [2] Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Akira Kitamura
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Dynamics, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yuri Kotani
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kiso
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Masataka Kinjo
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Dynamics, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiyoshi
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nagata
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
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Vild CJ, Xu Z. Vfa1 binds to the N-terminal microtubule-interacting and trafficking (MIT) domain of Vps4 and stimulates its ATPase activity. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:10378-10386. [PMID: 24567329 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.532960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) are responsible for multivesicular body biogenesis, membrane abscission during cytokinesis, and retroviral budding. They function as transiently assembled molecular complexes on the membrane, and their disassembly requires the action of the AAA-ATPase Vps4. Vps4 is regulated by a multitude of ESCRT and ESCRT-related proteins. Binding of these proteins to Vps4 is often mediated via the microtubule-interacting and trafficking (MIT) domain of Vps4. Recently, a new Vps4-binding protein Vfa1 was identified in a yeast genetic screen, where overexpression of Vfa1 caused defects in vacuolar morphology. However, the function of Vfa1 and its role in vacuolar biology were largely unknown. Here, we provide the first detailed biochemical and biophysical study of Vps4-Vfa1 interaction. The MIT domain of Vps4 binds to the C-terminal 17 residues of Vfa1. This interaction is of high affinity and greatly stimulates the ATPase activity of Vps4. The crystal structure of the Vps4-Vfa1 complex shows that Vfa1 adopts a canonical MIT-interacting motif 2 structure that has been observed previously in other Vps4-ESCRT interactions. These findings suggest that Vfa1 is a novel positive regulator of Vps4 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody J Vild
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Zhaohui Xu
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109.
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