1
|
Guinard I, Brassard-Jollive N, Ruch L, Weber J, Eckly A, Boscher J, Léon C. Mechanical confinement prevents ectopic platelet release. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2407829121. [PMID: 39236232 PMCID: PMC11420179 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2407829121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood platelets are produced by megakaryocytes (MKs), their parent cells, which are in the bone marrow. Once mature, MK pierces through the sinusoid vessel, and the initial protrusion further elongates as proplatelet or buds to release platelets. The mechanisms controlling the decision to initiate proplatelet and platelet formation are unknown. Here, we show that the mechanical properties of the microenvironment prevent proplatelet and platelet release in the marrow stroma while allowing this process in the bloodstream. Loss of marrow confinement following myelosuppression led to inappropriate proplatelet and platelet release into the extravascular space. We further used an inert viscoelastic hydrogel to evaluate the impact of compressive stress. Transcriptional analysis showed that culture in three-dimensional gel induced upregulation of genes related to the Rho-GTPase pathway. We found higher Rho-GTPase activation, myosin light chain phosphorylation and F-actin under mechanical constraints while proplatelet formation was inhibited. The use of latrunculin-A to decrease F-actin promoted microtubule-dependent budding and proplatelet extension inside the gel. Additionally, ex vivo exposure of intact bone marrow to latrunculin-A triggered proplatelet extensions in the interstitial space. In vivo, this confinement-mediated high intracellular tension is responsible for the formation of the peripheral zone, a unique actin-rich structure. Cytoskeleton reorganization induces the disappearance of the peripheral zone upon reaching a liquid milieu to facilitate proplatelet and platelet formation. Hence, our data provide insight into the mechanisms preventing ectopic platelet release in the marrow stroma. Identifying such pathways is especially important for understanding pathologies altering marrow mechanics such as chemotherapy or myelofibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ines Guinard
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Grand-Est, UMR_S1255 Biologie et Pharmacologie des Plaquettes Sanguines (BPPS), FMTS, Strasbourg F-67065, France
| | - Noémie Brassard-Jollive
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Grand-Est, UMR_S1255 Biologie et Pharmacologie des Plaquettes Sanguines (BPPS), FMTS, Strasbourg F-67065, France
| | - Laurie Ruch
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Grand-Est, UMR_S1255 Biologie et Pharmacologie des Plaquettes Sanguines (BPPS), FMTS, Strasbourg F-67065, France
| | - Josiane Weber
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Grand-Est, UMR_S1255 Biologie et Pharmacologie des Plaquettes Sanguines (BPPS), FMTS, Strasbourg F-67065, France
| | - Anita Eckly
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Grand-Est, UMR_S1255 Biologie et Pharmacologie des Plaquettes Sanguines (BPPS), FMTS, Strasbourg F-67065, France
| | - Julie Boscher
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Grand-Est, UMR_S1255 Biologie et Pharmacologie des Plaquettes Sanguines (BPPS), FMTS, Strasbourg F-67065, France
| | - Catherine Léon
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Grand-Est, UMR_S1255 Biologie et Pharmacologie des Plaquettes Sanguines (BPPS), FMTS, Strasbourg F-67065, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Read TA, Cisterna BA, Skruber K, Ahmadieh S, Liu TM, Vitriol JA, Shi Y, Black JB, Butler MT, Lindamood HL, Lefebvre AE, Cherezova A, Ilatovskaya DV, Bear JE, Weintraub NL, Vitriol EA. The actin binding protein profilin 1 localizes inside mitochondria and is critical for their function. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:3240-3262. [PMID: 39026010 PMCID: PMC11316047 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00209-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The monomer-binding protein profilin 1 (PFN1) plays a crucial role in actin polymerization. However, mutations in PFN1 are also linked to hereditary amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, resulting in a broad range of cellular pathologies which cannot be explained by its primary function as a cytosolic actin assembly factor. This implies that there are important, undiscovered roles for PFN1 in cellular physiology. Here we screened knockout cells for novel phenotypes associated with PFN1 loss of function and discovered that mitophagy was significantly upregulated. Indeed, despite successful autophagosome formation, fusion with the lysosome, and activation of additional mitochondrial quality control pathways, PFN1 knockout cells accumulate depolarized, dysmorphic mitochondria with altered metabolic properties. Surprisingly, we also discovered that PFN1 is present inside mitochondria and provide evidence that mitochondrial defects associated with PFN1 loss are not caused by reduced actin polymerization in the cytosol. These findings suggest a previously unrecognized role for PFN1 in maintaining mitochondrial integrity and highlight new pathogenic mechanisms that can result from PFN1 dysregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tracy-Ann Read
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Bruno A Cisterna
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Kristen Skruber
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Samah Ahmadieh
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Tatiana M Liu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Josefine A Vitriol
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Joseph B Black
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mitchell T Butler
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Halli L Lindamood
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | - Alena Cherezova
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Daria V Ilatovskaya
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - James E Bear
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Neal L Weintraub
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Eric A Vitriol
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lindamood HL, Liu TM, Read TA, Vitriol EA. Using ALS to understand profilin 1's diverse roles in cellular physiology. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2024. [PMID: 39056295 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Profilin is an actin monomer-binding protein whose role in actin polymerization has been studied for nearly 50 years. While its principal biochemical features are now well understood, many questions remain about how profilin controls diverse processes within the cell. Dysregulation of profilin has been implicated in a broad range of human diseases, including neurodegeneration, inflammatory disorders, cardiac disease, and cancer. For example, mutations in the profilin 1 gene (PFN1) can cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), although the precise mechanisms that drive neurodegeneration remain unclear. While initial work suggested proteostasis and actin cytoskeleton defects as the main pathological pathways, multiple novel functions for PFN1 have since been discovered that may also contribute to ALS, including the regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport, stress granules, mitochondria, and microtubules. Here, we will review these newly discovered roles for PFN1, speculate on their contribution to ALS, and discuss how defects in actin can contribute to these processes. By understanding profilin 1's involvement in ALS pathogenesis, we hope to gain insight into this functionally complex protein with significant influence over cellular physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Halli L Lindamood
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Tatiana M Liu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Tracy-Ann Read
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Eric A Vitriol
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cisterna BA, Skruber K, Jane ML, Camesi CI, Nguyen ID, Liu TM, Warp PV, Black JB, Butler MT, Bear JE, Mor DE, Read TA, Vitriol EA. Prolonged depletion of profilin 1 or F-actin causes an adaptive response in microtubules. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202309097. [PMID: 38722279 PMCID: PMC11082369 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202309097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In addition to its well-established role in actin assembly, profilin 1 (PFN1) has been shown to bind to tubulin and alter microtubule growth. However, whether PFN1's predominant control over microtubules in cells occurs through direct regulation of tubulin or indirectly through the polymerization of actin has yet to be determined. Here, we manipulated PFN1 expression, actin filament assembly, and actomyosin contractility and showed that reducing any of these parameters for extended periods of time caused an adaptive response in the microtubule cytoskeleton, with the effect being significantly more pronounced in neuronal processes. All the observed changes to microtubules were reversible if actomyosin was restored, arguing that PFN1's regulation of microtubules occurs principally through actin. Moreover, the cytoskeletal modifications resulting from PFN1 depletion in neuronal processes affected microtubule-based transport and mimicked phenotypes that are linked to neurodegenerative disease. This demonstrates how defects in actin can cause compensatory responses in other cytoskeleton components, which in turn significantly alter cellular function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno A. Cisterna
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Kristen Skruber
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Makenzie L. Jane
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Caleb I. Camesi
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ivan D. Nguyen
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Tatiana M. Liu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Peyton V. Warp
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Joseph B. Black
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mitchell T. Butler
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James E. Bear
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Danielle E. Mor
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Tracy-Ann Read
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Eric A. Vitriol
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ulrichs H, Shekhar S. Profilin affects microtubule dynamics via actin. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202404112. [PMID: 38832903 PMCID: PMC11148468 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202404112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Profilin binds microtubules in vitro. However, a new study by Vitriol and colleagues (https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202309097) now suggests that effects of profilin on microtubule dynamics in cells are indirect and result from its impact on actin dynamics rather than its direct binding to microtubules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Ulrichs
- Departments of Physics, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shashank Shekhar
- Departments of Physics, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yuan Z, Li P, Yang X, Cai X, Wu L, Zhao F, Wen W, Zhou M, Hou Y. FgPfn participates in vegetative growth, sexual reproduction, pathogenicity, and fungicides sensitivity via affecting both microtubules and actin in the filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012215. [PMID: 38701108 PMCID: PMC11095717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum species complexes (FGSG), is an epidemic disease in wheat and poses a serious threat to wheat production and security worldwide. Profilins are a class of actin-binding proteins that participate in actin depolymerization. However, the roles of profilins in plant fungal pathogens remain largely unexplored. Here, we identified FgPfn, a homolog to profilins in F. graminearum, and the deletion of FgPfn resulted in severe defects in mycelial growth, conidia production, and pathogenicity, accompanied by marked disruptions in toxisomes formation and deoxynivalenol (DON) transport, while sexual development was aborted. Additionally, FgPfn interacted with Fgα1 and Fgβ2, the significant components of microtubules. The organization of microtubules in the ΔFgPfn was strongly inhibited under the treatment of 0.4 μg/mL carbendazim, a well-known group of tubulin interferers, resulting in increased sensitivity to carbendazim. Moreover, FgPfn interacted with both myosin-5 (FgMyo5) and actin (FgAct), the targets of the fungicide phenamacril, and these interactions were reduced after phenamacril treatment. The deletion of FgPfn disrupted the normal organization of FgMyo5 and FgAct cytoskeleton, weakened the interaction between FgMyo5 and FgAct, and resulting in increased sensitivity to phenamacril. The core region of the interaction between FgPfn and FgAct was investigated, revealing that the integrity of both proteins was necessary for their interaction. Furthermore, mutations in R72, R77, R86, G91, I101, A112, G113, and D124 caused the non-interaction between FgPfn and FgAct. The R86K, I101E, and D124E mutants in FgPfn resulted in severe defects in actin organization, development, and pathogenicity. Taken together, this study revealed the role of FgPfn-dependent cytoskeleton in development, DON production and transport, fungicides sensitivity in F. graminearum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Yuan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaowei Cai
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Luoyu Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feifei Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weidong Wen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiping Hou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Qin K, Yu M, Fan J, Wang H, Zhao P, Zhao G, Zeng W, Chen C, Wang Y, Wang A, Schwartz Z, Hong J, Song L, Wagstaff W, Haydon RC, Luu HH, Ho SH, Strelzow J, Reid RR, He TC, Shi LL. Canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling: Multilayered mediators, signaling mechanisms and major signaling crosstalk. Genes Dis 2024; 11:103-134. [PMID: 37588235 PMCID: PMC10425814 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling plays a major role in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. The Wnt ligands are a family of 19 secreted glycoproteins that mediate their signaling effects via binding to Frizzled receptors and LRP5/6 coreceptors and transducing the signal either through β-catenin in the canonical pathway or through a series of other proteins in the noncanonical pathway. Many of the individual components of both canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling have additional functions throughout the body, establishing the complex interplay between Wnt signaling and other signaling pathways. This crosstalk between Wnt signaling and other pathways gives Wnt signaling a vital role in many cellular and organ processes. Dysregulation of this system has been implicated in many diseases affecting a wide array of organ systems, including cancer and embryological defects, and can even cause embryonic lethality. The complexity of this system and its interacting proteins have made Wnt signaling a target for many therapeutic treatments. However, both stimulatory and inhibitory treatments come with potential risks that need to be addressed. This review synthesized much of the current knowledge on the Wnt signaling pathway, beginning with the history of Wnt signaling. It thoroughly described the different variants of Wnt signaling, including canonical, noncanonical Wnt/PCP, and the noncanonical Wnt/Ca2+ pathway. Further description involved each of its components and their involvement in other cellular processes. Finally, this review explained the various other pathways and processes that crosstalk with Wnt signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Qin
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michael Yu
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jiaming Fan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Piao Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Guozhi Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Interventional Neurology, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523475, China
| | - Connie Chen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Annie Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Department of Surgery Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zander Schwartz
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Jeffrey Hong
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lily Song
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - William Wagstaff
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rex C. Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hue H. Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Sherwin H. Ho
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jason Strelzow
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Russell R. Reid
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Department of Surgery Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Department of Surgery Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lewis L. Shi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Allen-Gondringer A, Gau D, Varghese C, Boone D, Stolz D, Larregina A, Roy P. Vascular endothelial cell-specific disruption of the profilin1 gene leads to severe multiorgan pathology and inflammation causing mortality. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad305. [PMID: 37781098 PMCID: PMC10541205 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Actin-binding protein Profilin1 is an important regulator of actin cytoskeletal dynamics in cells and critical for embryonic development in higher eukaryotes. The objective of the present study was to examine the consequence of loss-of-function of Pfn1 in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) in vivo. We utilized a mouse model engineered for tamoxifen-inducible biallelic inactivation of the Pfn1 gene selectively in EC (Pfn1EC-KO). Widespread deletion of EC Pfn1 in adult mice leads to severe health complications presenting overt pathologies (endothelial cell death, infarct, and fibrosis) in major organ systems and evidence for inflammatory infiltrates, ultimately compromising the survival of animals within 3 weeks of gene ablation. Mice deficient in endothelial Pfn1 exhibit selective bias toward the proinflammatory myeloid-derived population of immune cells, a finding further supported by systemic elevation of proinflammatory cytokines. We further show that triggering Pfn1 depletion not only directly upregulates proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine gene expression in EC but also potentiates the paracrine effect of EC on proinflammatory gene expression in macrophages. Consistent with these findings, we provide further evidence for increased activation of Interferon Regulatory Factor 7 (IRF7) and STAT1 in EC when depleted of Pfn1. Collectively, these findings for the first time demonstrate a prominent immunological consequence of loss of endothelial Pfn1 and an indispensable role of endothelial Pfn1 in mammalian survival unlike tolerable phenotypes of Pfn1 loss in other differentiated cell types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - David Gau
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | | | - David Boone
- Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15206, USA
| | - Donna Stolz
- Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Adriana Larregina
- Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Partha Roy
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
- Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Read TA, Cisterna BA, Skruber K, Ahmadieh S, Lindamood HL, Vitriol JA, Shi Y, Lefebvre AE, Black JB, Butler MT, Bear JE, Cherezova A, Ilatovskaya DV, Weintraub NL, Vitriol EA. The actin binding protein profilin 1 is critical for mitochondria function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.07.552354. [PMID: 37609280 PMCID: PMC10441311 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.07.552354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Profilin 1 (PFN1) is an actin binding protein that is vital for the polymerization of monomeric actin into filaments. Here we screened knockout cells for novel functions of PFN1 and discovered that mitophagy, a type of selective autophagy that removes defective or damaged mitochondria from the cell, was significantly upregulated in the absence of PFN1. Despite successful autophagosome formation and fusion with the lysosome, and activation of additional mitochondrial quality control pathways, PFN1 knockout cells still accumulate damaged, dysfunctional mitochondria. Subsequent imaging and functional assays showed that loss of PFN1 significantly affects mitochondria morphology, dynamics, and respiration. Further experiments revealed that PFN1 is located to the mitochondria matrix and is likely regulating mitochondria function from within rather than through polymerizing actin at the mitochondria surface. Finally, PFN1 mutants associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) fail to rescue PFN1 knockout mitochondrial phenotypes and form aggregates within mitochondria, further perturbing them. Together, these results suggest a novel function for PFN1 in regulating mitochondria and identify a potential pathogenic mechanism of ALS-linked PFN1 variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tracy-Ann Read
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Bruno A. Cisterna
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Kristen Skruber
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Samah Ahmadieh
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Halli L. Lindamood
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Josefine A. Vitriol
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | - Joseph B. Black
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mitchell T. Butler
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James E. Bear
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alena Cherezova
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Daria V. Ilatovskaya
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Neil L. Weintraub
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Eric A. Vitriol
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kapustina M, Li D, Zhu J, Wall B, Weinreb V, Cheney RE. Changes in cell surface excess are coordinated with protrusion dynamics during 3D motility. Biophys J 2023; 122:3656-3677. [PMID: 37207658 PMCID: PMC10541482 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
To facilitate rapid changes in morphology without endangering cell integrity, each cell possesses a substantial amount of cell surface excess (CSE) that can be promptly deployed to cover cell extensions. CSE can be stored in different types of small surface projections such as filopodia, microvilli, and ridges, with rounded bleb-like projections being the most common and rapidly achieved form of storage. We demonstrate that, similar to rounded cells in 2D culture, rounded cells in 3D collagen contain large amounts of CSE and use it to cover developing protrusions. Upon retraction of a protrusion, the CSE this produces is stored over the cell body similar to the CSE produced by cell rounding. We present high-resolution imaging of F-actin and microtubules (MTs) for different cell lines in a 3D environment and demonstrate the correlated changes between CSE and protrusion dynamics. To coordinate CSE storage and release with protrusion formation and motility, we expect cells to have specific mechanisms for regulating CSE, and we hypothesize that MTs play a substantial role in this mechanism by reducing cell surface dynamics and stabilizing CSE. We also suggest that different effects of MT depolymerization on cell motility, such as inhibiting mesenchymal motility and enhancing amoeboid, can be explained by this role of MTs in CSE regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryna Kapustina
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
| | - Donna Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - James Zhu
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Brittany Wall
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Violetta Weinreb
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Richard E Cheney
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cisterna BA, Skruber K, Jane ML, Camesi CI, Nguyen ID, Warp PV, Black JB, Butler MT, Bear JE, Tracy-Ann R, Vitriol EA. Cytoskeletal adaptation following long-term dysregulation of actomyosin in neuronal processes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.25.554891. [PMID: 37662186 PMCID: PMC10473725 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.25.554891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Microtubules, intermediate filaments, and actin are cytoskeletal polymer networks found within the cell. While each has unique functions, all the cytoskeletal elements must work together for cellular mechanics to be fully operative. This is achieved through crosstalk mechanisms whereby the different networks influence each other through signaling pathways and direct interactions. Because crosstalk can be complex, it is possible for perturbations in one cytoskeletal element to affect the others in ways that are difficult to predict. Here we investigated how long-term changes to the actin cytoskeleton affect microtubules and intermediate filaments. Reducing F-actin or actomyosin contractility increased acetylated microtubules and intermediate filament expression, with the effect being significantly more pronounced in neuronal processes. Changes to microtubules were completely reversible if F-actin and myosin activity is restored. Moreover, the altered microtubules in neuronal processes resulting from F-actin depletion caused significant changes to microtubule-based transport, mimicking phenotypes that are linked to neurodegenerative disease. Thus, defects in actin dynamics cause a compensatory response in other cytoskeleton components which profoundly alters cellular function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno A. Cisterna
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Kristen Skruber
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Makenzie L. Jane
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Caleb I. Camesi
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ivan D. Nguyen
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Peyton V. Warp
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Joseph B. Black
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mitchell T. Butler
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James E. Bear
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Read Tracy-Ann
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Eric A. Vitriol
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pimm ML, Liu X, Tuli F, Heritz J, Lojko A, Henty-Ridilla JL. Visualizing molecules of functional human profilin. eLife 2022; 11:e76485. [PMID: 35666129 PMCID: PMC9249392 DOI: 10.7554/elife.76485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Profilin-1 (PFN1) is a cytoskeletal protein that regulates the dynamics of actin and microtubule assembly. Thus, PFN1 is essential for the normal division, motility, and morphology of cells. Unfortunately, conventional fusion and direct labeling strategies compromise different facets of PFN1 function. As a consequence, the only methods used to determine known PFN1 functions have been indirect and often deduced in cell-free biochemical assays. We engineered and characterized two genetically encoded versions of tagged PFN1 that behave identical to each other and the tag-free protein. In biochemical assays purified proteins bind to phosphoinositide lipids, catalyze nucleotide exchange on actin monomers, stimulate formin-mediated actin filament assembly, and bound tubulin dimers (kD = 1.89 µM) to impact microtubule dynamics. In PFN1-deficient mammalian cells, Halo-PFN1 or mApple-PFN1 (mAp-PEN1) restored morphological and cytoskeletal functions. Titrations of self-labeling Halo-ligands were used to visualize molecules of PFN1. This approach combined with specific function-disrupting point-mutants (Y6D and R88E) revealed PFN1 bound to microtubules in live cells. Cells expressing the ALS-associated G118V disease variant did not associate with actin filaments or microtubules. Thus, these tagged PFN1s are reliable tools for studying the dynamic interactions of PFN1 with actin or microtubules in vitro as well as in important cell processes or disease-states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan L Pimm
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseUnited States
| | - Xinbei Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseUnited States
| | - Farzana Tuli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseUnited States
| | - Jennifer Heritz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseUnited States
| | - Ashley Lojko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseUnited States
| | - Jessica L Henty-Ridilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseUnited States
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Caporizzo MA, Prosser BL. The microtubule cytoskeleton in cardiac mechanics and heart failure. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:364-378. [PMID: 35440741 PMCID: PMC9270871 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00692-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The microtubule network of cardiac muscle cells has unique architectural and biophysical features to accommodate the demands of the working heart. Advances in live-cell imaging and in deciphering the 'tubulin code' have shone new light on this cytoskeletal network and its role in heart failure. Microtubule-based transport orchestrates the growth and maintenance of the contractile apparatus through spatiotemporal control of translation, while also organizing the specialized membrane systems required for excitation-contraction coupling. To withstand the high mechanical loads of the working heart, microtubules are post-translationally modified and physically reinforced. In response to stress to the myocardium, the microtubule network remodels, typically through densification, post-translational modification and stabilization. Under these conditions, physically reinforced microtubules resist the motion of the cardiomyocyte and increase myocardial stiffness. Accordingly, modified microtubules have emerged as a therapeutic target for reducing stiffness in heart failure. In this Review, we discuss the latest evidence on the contribution of microtubules to cardiac mechanics, the drivers of microtubule network remodelling in cardiac pathologies and the therapeutic potential of targeting cardiac microtubules in acquired heart diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Caporizzo
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin L Prosser
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu X, Pimm ML, Haarer B, Brawner AT, Henty-Ridilla JL. Biochemical characterization of actin assembly mechanisms with ALS-associated profilin variants. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151212. [PMID: 35248815 PMCID: PMC10163920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Eight separate mutations in the actin-binding protein profilin-1 have been identified as a rare cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Profilin is essential for many neuronal cell processes through its regulation of lipids, nuclear signals, and cytoskeletal dynamics, including actin filament assembly. Direct interactions between profilin and actin monomers inhibit actin filament polymerization. In contrast, profilin can also stimulate polymerization by simultaneously binding actin monomers and proline-rich tracts found in other proteins. Whether the ALS-associated mutations in profilin compromise these actin assembly functions is unclear. We performed a quantitative biochemical comparison of the direct and formin mediated impact for the eight ALS-associated profilin variants on actin assembly using classic protein-binding and single-filament microscopy assays. We determined that the binding constant of each profilin for actin monomers generally correlates with the actin nucleation strength associated with each ALS-related profilin. In the presence of formin, the A20T, R136W, Q139L, and C71G variants failed to activate the elongation phase of actin assembly. This diverse range of formin-activities is not fully explained through profilin-poly-L-proline (PLP) interactions, as all ALS-associated variants bind a formin-derived PLP peptide with similar affinities. However, chemical denaturation experiments suggest that the folding stability of these profilins impact some of these effects on actin assembly. Thus, changes in profilin protein stability and alterations in actin filament polymerization may both contribute to the profilin-mediated actin disruptions in ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinbei Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Morgan L Pimm
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Brian Haarer
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Andrew T Brawner
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Jessica L Henty-Ridilla
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA; Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dráber P, Dráberová E. Dysregulation of Microtubule Nucleating Proteins in Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225638. [PMID: 34830792 PMCID: PMC8616210 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The dysfunction of microtubule nucleation in cancer cells changes the overall cytoskeleton organization and cellular physiology. This review focuses on the dysregulation of the γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-TuRC) proteins that are essential for microtubule nucleation. Recent research on the high-resolution structure of γ-TuRC has brought new insight into the microtubule nucleation mechanism. We discuss the effect of γ-TuRC protein overexpression on cancer cell behavior and new drugs directed to γ-tubulin that may offer a viable alternative to microtubule-targeting agents currently used in cancer chemotherapy. Abstract In cells, microtubules typically nucleate from microtubule organizing centers, such as centrosomes. γ-Tubulin, which forms multiprotein complexes, is essential for nucleation. The γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-TuRC) is an efficient microtubule nucleator that requires additional centrosomal proteins for its activation and targeting. Evidence suggests that there is a dysfunction of centrosomal microtubule nucleation in cancer cells. Despite decades of molecular analysis of γ-TuRC and its interacting factors, the mechanisms of microtubule nucleation in normal and cancer cells remains obscure. Here, we review recent work on the high-resolution structure of γ-TuRC, which brings new insight into the mechanism of microtubule nucleation. We discuss the effects of γ-TuRC protein dysregulation on cancer cell behavior and new compounds targeting γ-tubulin. Drugs inhibiting γ-TuRC functions could represent an alternative to microtubule targeting agents in cancer chemotherapy.
Collapse
|
16
|
Murk K, Ornaghi M, Schiweck J. Profilin Isoforms in Health and Disease - All the Same but Different. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:681122. [PMID: 34458253 PMCID: PMC8387879 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.681122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Profilins are small actin binding proteins, which are structurally conserved throughout evolution. They are probably best known to promote and direct actin polymerization. However, they also participate in numerous cell biological processes beyond the roles typically ascribed to the actin cytoskeleton. Moreover, most complex organisms express several profilin isoforms. Their cellular functions are far from being understood, whereas a growing number of publications indicate that profilin isoforms are involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. In this review, we will provide an overview of the profilin family and "typical" profilin properties including the control of actin dynamics. We will then discuss the profilin isoforms of higher animals in detail. In terms of cellular functions, we will focus on the role of Profilin 1 (PFN1) and Profilin 2a (PFN2a), which are co-expressed in the central nervous system. Finally, we will discuss recent findings that link PFN1 and PFN2a to neurological diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Fragile X syndrome (FXS), Huntington's disease and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Murk
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marta Ornaghi
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Juliane Schiweck
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Actin filaments and microtubules are cytoskeletal polymers that participate in many vital cell functions including division, morphogenesis, phagocytosis, and motility. Despite the persistent dogma that actin filament and microtubule networks are distinct in localization, structure, and function, a growing body of evidence shows that these elements are choreographed through intricate mechanisms sensitive to either polymer. Many proteins and cellular signals that mediate actin–microtubule interactions have already been identified. However, the impact of these regulators is typically assessed with actin filament or microtubule polymers alone, independent of the other system. Further, unconventional modes and regulators coordinating actin–microtubule interactions are still being discovered. Here we examine several methods of actin–microtubule crosstalk with an emphasis on the molecular links between both polymer systems and their higher-order interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan L Pimm
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210
| | - Jessica L Henty-Ridilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210.,Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mbiandjeu S, Balduini A, Malara A. Megakaryocyte Cytoskeletal Proteins in Platelet Biogenesis and Diseases. Thromb Haemost 2021; 122:666-678. [PMID: 34218430 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Thrombopoiesis governs the formation of blood platelets in bone marrow by converting megakaryocytes into long, branched proplatelets on which individual platelets are assembled. The megakaryocyte cytoskeleton responds to multiple microenvironmental cues, including chemical and mechanical stimuli, sustaining the platelet shedding. During the megakaryocyte's life cycle, cytoskeletal networks organize cell shape and content, connect them physically and biochemically to the bone marrow vascular niche, and enable the release of platelets into the bloodstream. While the basic building blocks of the cytoskeleton have been studied extensively, new sets of cytoskeleton regulators have emerged as critical components of the dynamic protein network that supports platelet production. Understanding how the interaction of individual molecules of the cytoskeleton governs megakaryocyte behavior is essential to improve knowledge of platelet biogenesis and develop new therapeutic strategies for inherited thrombocytopenias caused by alterations in the cytoskeletal genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serge Mbiandjeu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Dynamic remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton is an essential feature for virtually all actin-dependent cellular processes, including cell migration, cell cycle progression, chromatin remodeling and gene expression, and even the DNA damage response. An altered actin cytoskeleton is a structural hallmark associated with numerous pathologies ranging from cardiovascular diseases to immune disorders, neurological diseases and cancer. The actin cytoskeleton in cells is regulated through the orchestrated actions of a myriad of actin-binding proteins. In this Review, we provide a brief overview of the structure and functions of the actin-monomer-binding protein profilin-1 (Pfn1) and then discuss how dysregulated expression of Pfn1 contributes to diseases associated with the cardiovascular system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - David Gau
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh
| | - Partha Roy
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh.,Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, 306 Center for Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Karlsson R, Dráber P. Profilin-A master coordinator of actin and microtubule organization in mammalian cells. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7256-7265. [PMID: 33821475 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The last two decades have witnessed a tremendous increase in cell biology data. Not least is this true for studies of the dynamic organization of the microfilament and microtubule systems in animal cells where analyses of the molecular components and their interaction patterns have deepened our understanding of these complex force-generating machineries. Previous observations of a molecular cross-talk between the two systems have now led to the realization of the existence of several intricate mechanisms operating to maintain their coordinated cellular organization. In this short review, we relate to this development by discussing new results concerning the function of the actin regulator profilin 1 as a control component of microfilament-microtubule cross-talk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger Karlsson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, WGI, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pavel Dráber
- Department of Biology of Cytoskeleton, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Profilin-1; a novel regulator of DNA damage response and repair machinery in keratinocytes. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1439-1452. [PMID: 33590416 PMCID: PMC7925496 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06210-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Profilin-1 (PFN1) regulates actin polymerization and cytoskeletal growth. Despite the essential roles of PFN1 in cell integration, its subcellular function in keratinocyte has not been elucidated yet. Here we characterize the specific regulation of PFN1 in DNA damage response and repair machinery. PFN1 depletion accelerated DNA damage-mediated apoptosis exhibiting PTEN loss of function instigated by increased phosphorylated inactivation followed by high levels of AKT activation. PFN1 changed its predominant cytoplasmic localization to the nucleus upon DNA damage and subsequently restored the cytoplasmic compartment during the recovery time. Even though γH2AX was recruited at the sites of DNA double strand breaks in response to DNA damage, PFN1-deficient cells failed to recruit DNA repair factors, whereas control cells exhibited significant increases of these genes. Additionally, PFN1 depletion resulted in disruption of PTEN-AKT cascade upon DNA damage and CHK1-mediated cell cycle arrest was not recovered even after the recovery time exhibiting γH2AX accumulation. This might suggest PFN1 roles in regulating DNA damage response and repair machinery to protect cells from DNA damage. Future studies addressing the crosstalk and regulation of PTEN-related DNA damage sensing and repair pathway choice by PFN1 may further aid to identify new mechanistic insights for various DNA repair disorders.
Collapse
|
22
|
Pinto-Costa R, Sousa MM. Microtubules, actin and cytolinkers: how to connect cytoskeletons in the neuronal growth cone. Neurosci Lett 2021; 747:135693. [PMID: 33529653 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cytolinkers ensure the integration of the different cytoskeleton components in the neuronal growth cone during development and in the course of axon regeneration. In neurons, an integrated skeleton guarantees appropriate function, and connectivity of high order circuits. Over the past years, several cytoskeleton regulatory proteins with actin-microtubule crosslinking activity have been identified. In neurons, the importance of spectrins, formins and other cytolinkers capable of coupling actin and microtubules has been extensively highlighted during axon outgrowth and guidance. In this Review, we discuss the current knowledge on cytolinkers specifically expressed in the neuronal growth cone of developing and regenerating axons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Pinto-Costa
- Nerve Regeneration Group, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Monica Mendes Sousa
- Nerve Regeneration Group, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mohanty V, Subbannayya Y, Patil S, Abdulla R, Ganesh MS, Pal A, Ray JG, Sidransky D, Gowda H, Prasad TSK, Chatterjee A. Molecular alterations in oral cancer between tobacco chewers and smokers using serum proteomics. Cancer Biomark 2021; 31:361-373. [PMID: 34024816 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-203077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco exposure (through smoking or chewing) is one of the predominant risk factors associated with the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Despite the growing number of patients diagnosed with OSCC, there are few circulating biomarkers for identifying individuals at a higher risk of developing the disease. Successful identification of candidate molecular markers for risk assessment could aid in the early detection of oral lesions and potentially be used for community screening of high-risk populations. OBJECTIVE Identification of differentially expressed proteins in the serum of oral cancer patients which can serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis of the onset of oral cancer among tobacco users. METHODS We employed a tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics approach to study alterations in the serum proteomes of OSCC patients based on their tobacco exposure habits (chewing and smoking) compared to healthy individuals with no history of using any form of tobacco or any symptoms of the disease. RESULTS Mass spectrometry-based analysis resulted in the identification of distinct signatures in the serum of OSCC patients who either chewed or smoked tobacco. Pathway analysis revealed opposing effects of dysregulated proteins enriched in the complement-coagulation signaling cascades with a high expression of the Serpin family of proteins observed in OSCC patients who chewed tobacco compared to healthy individuals whereas these proteins showed decreased levels in OSCC patients who smoked. ELISA-based validation further confirmed our findings revealing higher expression of SERPINA6 and SERPINF1 across serum of OSCC patients who chewed tobacco compared to healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS This study serves as a benchmark for the identification of serum-based protein markers that may aid in the identification of high-risk patients who either chew tobacco or smoke tobacco.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varshasnata Mohanty
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Yashwanth Subbannayya
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), and Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riaz Abdulla
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mandakulutur S Ganesh
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Vydehi Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Arnab Pal
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jay Gopal Ray
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dr. R Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Department of Pathology, Burdwan Dental College and Hospital, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - T S Keshava Prasad
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Aditi Chatterjee
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Pinto-Costa R, Sousa SC, Leite SC, Nogueira-Rodrigues J, Ferreira da Silva T, Machado D, Marques J, Costa AC, Liz MA, Bartolini F, Brites P, Costell M, Fässler R, Sousa MM. Profilin 1 delivery tunes cytoskeletal dynamics toward CNS axon regeneration. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:2024-2040. [PMID: 31945017 DOI: 10.1172/jci125771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
After trauma, regeneration of adult CNS axons is abortive, causing devastating neurologic deficits. Despite progress in rehabilitative care, there is no effective treatment that stimulates axonal growth following injury. Using models with different regenerative capacities, followed by gain- and loss-of-function analysis, we identified profilin 1 (Pfn1) as a coordinator of actin and microtubules (MTs), powering axonal growth and regeneration. In growth cones, Pfn1 increased actin retrograde flow, MT growth speed, and invasion of filopodia by MTs, orchestrating cytoskeletal dynamics toward axonal growth. In vitro, active Pfn1 promoted MT growth in a formin-dependent manner, whereas localization of MTs to growth cone filopodia was facilitated by direct MT binding and interaction with formins. In vivo, Pfn1 ablation limited regeneration of growth-competent axons after sciatic nerve and spinal cord injury. Adeno-associated viral (AAV) delivery of constitutively active Pfn1 to rodents promoted axonal regeneration, neuromuscular junction maturation, and functional recovery of injured sciatic nerves, and increased the ability of regenerating axons to penetrate the inhibitory spinal cord glial scar. Thus, we identify Pfn1 as an important regulator of axonal regeneration and suggest that AAV-mediated delivery of constitutively active Pfn1, together with the identification of modulators of Pfn1 activity, should be considered to treat the injured nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Pinto-Costa
- Nerve Regeneration Group, Program in Neurobiology and Neurologic Disorders, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, and.,Graduate Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara C Sousa
- Nerve Regeneration Group, Program in Neurobiology and Neurologic Disorders, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, and.,Graduate Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sérgio C Leite
- Nerve Regeneration Group, Program in Neurobiology and Neurologic Disorders, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, and
| | - Joana Nogueira-Rodrigues
- Nerve Regeneration Group, Program in Neurobiology and Neurologic Disorders, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, and.,Graduate Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago Ferreira da Silva
- NeuroLipid Biology Group, Program in Neurobiology and Neurologic Disorders, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Machado
- Nerve Regeneration Group, Program in Neurobiology and Neurologic Disorders, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, and
| | - Joana Marques
- Nerve Regeneration Group, Program in Neurobiology and Neurologic Disorders, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, and
| | - Ana Catarina Costa
- Nerve Regeneration Group, Program in Neurobiology and Neurologic Disorders, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, and
| | - Márcia A Liz
- Nerve Regeneration Group, Program in Neurobiology and Neurologic Disorders, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, and
| | - Francesca Bartolini
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Pedro Brites
- NeuroLipid Biology Group, Program in Neurobiology and Neurologic Disorders, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mercedes Costell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Estructura de Reserca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Reinhard Fässler
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Plank Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Mónica M Sousa
- Nerve Regeneration Group, Program in Neurobiology and Neurologic Disorders, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, and
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nejedlá M, Klebanovych A, Sulimenko V, Sulimenko T, Dráberová E, Dráber P, Karlsson R. The actin regulator profilin 1 is functionally associated with the mammalian centrosome. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 4:4/1/e202000655. [PMID: 33184056 PMCID: PMC7668531 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The actin regulator profilin 1 recently shown to control microtubule elongation at the cell periphery is found to interact with the γ-tubulin ring complex and tune centrosomal microtubule nucleation. Profilin 1 is a crucial actin regulator, interacting with monomeric actin and several actin-binding proteins controlling actin polymerization. Recently, it has become evident that this profilin isoform associates with microtubules via formins and interferes with microtubule elongation at the cell periphery. Recruitment of microtubule-associated profilin upon extensive actin polymerizations, for example, at the cell edge, enhances microtubule growth, indicating that profilin contributes to the coordination of actin and microtubule organization. Here, we provide further evidence for the profilin-microtubule connection by demonstrating that it also functions in centrosomes where it impacts on microtubule nucleation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Nejedlá
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anastasiya Klebanovych
- Department of Biology of Cytoskeleton, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vadym Sulimenko
- Department of Biology of Cytoskeleton, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tetyana Sulimenko
- Department of Biology of Cytoskeleton, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eduarda Dráberová
- Department of Biology of Cytoskeleton, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Dráber
- Department of Biology of Cytoskeleton, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Roger Karlsson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bashant KR, Aponte AM, Randazzo D, Rezvan Sangsari P, Wood AJ, Bibby JA, West EE, Vassallo A, Manna ZG, Playford MP, Jordan N, Hasni S, Gucek M, Kemper C, Conway Morris A, Morgan NY, Toepfner N, Guck J, Mehta NN, Chilvers ER, Summers C, Kaplan MJ. Proteomic, biomechanical and functional analyses define neutrophil heterogeneity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 2020; 80:209-218. [PMID: 32988843 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Low-density granulocytes (LDGs) are a distinct subset of proinflammatory and vasculopathic neutrophils expanded in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Neutrophil trafficking and immune function are intimately linked to cellular biophysical properties. This study used proteomic, biomechanical and functional analyses to further define neutrophil heterogeneity in the context of SLE. METHODS Proteomic/phosphoproteomic analyses were performed in healthy control (HC) normal density neutrophils (NDNs), SLE NDNs and autologous SLE LDGs. The biophysical properties of these neutrophil subsets were analysed by real-time deformability cytometry and lattice light-sheet microscopy. A two-dimensional endothelial flow system and a three-dimensional microfluidic microvasculature mimetic (MMM) were used to decouple the contributions of cell surface mediators and biophysical properties to neutrophil trafficking, respectively. RESULTS Proteomic and phosphoproteomic differences were detected between HC and SLE neutrophils and between SLE NDNs and LDGs. Increased abundance of type 1 interferon-regulated proteins and differential phosphorylation of proteins associated with cytoskeletal organisation were identified in SLE LDGs relative to SLE NDNs. The cell surface of SLE LDGs was rougher than in SLE and HC NDNs, suggesting membrane perturbances. While SLE LDGs did not display increased binding to endothelial cells in the two-dimensional assay, they were increasingly retained/trapped in the narrow channels of the lung MMM. CONCLUSIONS Modulation of the neutrophil proteome and distinct changes in biophysical properties are observed alongside differences in neutrophil trafficking. SLE LDGs may be increasingly retained in microvasculature networks, which has important pathogenic implications in the context of lupus organ damage and small vessel vasculopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen R Bashant
- NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Angel M Aponte
- NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Davide Randazzo
- NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Alexander Jt Wood
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Jack A Bibby
- NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Erin E West
- NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Arlette Vassallo
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Zerai G Manna
- NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Natasha Jordan
- Rheumatology Department, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarfaraz Hasni
- NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Marjan Gucek
- NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Claudia Kemper
- NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Nicole Y Morgan
- NIBIB, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicole Toepfner
- Department of Pediatrics/Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Sachsen, Germany
| | - Jochen Guck
- Biological Optomechanics Division, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Bayern, Germany
| | - Nehal N Mehta
- NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Charlotte Summers
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Pimm ML, Hotaling J, Henty-Ridilla JL. Profilin choreographs actin and microtubules in cells and cancer. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 355:155-204. [PMID: 32859370 PMCID: PMC7461721 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Actin and microtubules play essential roles in aberrant cell processes that define and converge in cancer including: signaling, morphology, motility, and division. Actin and microtubules do not directly interact, however shared regulators coordinate these polymers. While many of the individual proteins important for regulating and choreographing actin and microtubule behaviors have been identified, the way these molecules collaborate or fail in normal or disease contexts is not fully understood. Decades of research focus on Profilin as a signaling molecule, lipid-binding protein, and canonical regulator of actin assembly. Recent reports demonstrate that Profilin also regulates microtubule dynamics and polymerization. Thus, Profilin can coordinate both actin and microtubule polymer systems. Here we reconsider the biochemical and cellular roles for Profilin with a focus on the essential cytoskeletal-based cell processes that go awry in cancer. We also explore how the use of model organisms has helped to elucidate mechanisms that underlie the regulatory essence of Profilin in vivo and in the context of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan L Pimm
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Jessica Hotaling
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Jessica L Henty-Ridilla
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Profilin is a ubiquitously expressed protein well known as a key regulator of actin polymerisation. The actin cytoskeleton is involved in almost all cellular processes including motility, endocytosis, metabolism, signal transduction and gene transcription. Hence, profilin's role in the cell goes beyond its direct and essential function in regulating actin dynamics. This review will focus on the interactions of Profilin 1 and its ligands at the plasma membrane, in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of the cells and the regulation of profilin activity within those cell compartments. We will discuss the interactions of profilin in cell signalling pathways and highlight the importance of the cell context in the multiple functions that this small essential protein has in conjunction with its role in cytoskeletal organisation and dynamics. We will review some of the mechanisms that control profilin expression and the implications of changed expression of profilin in the light of cancer biology and other pathologies.
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Directed cell migration is critical for embryogenesis and organ development, wound healing and the immune response. Microtubules are dynamic polymers that control directional migration through a number of coordinated processes: microtubules are the tracks for long-distance intracellular transport, crucial for delivery of new membrane components and signalling molecules to the leading edge of a migrating cell and the recycling of adhesion receptors. Microtubules act as force generators and compressive elements to support sustained cell protrusions. The assembly and disassembly of microtubules is coupled to Rho GTPase signalling, thereby controlling actin polymerisation, myosin-driven contractility and the turnover of cellular adhesions locally. Cross-talk of actin and microtubule dynamics is mediated through a number of common binding proteins and regulators. Furthermore, cortical microtubule capture sites are physically linked to focal adhesions, facilitating the delivery of secretory vesicles and efficient cross-talk. Here we summarise the diverse functions of microtubules during cell migration, aiming to show how they contribute to the spatially and temporally coordinated sequence of events that permit efficient, directional and persistent migration.
Collapse
|
30
|
Gross N, Peñagaricano F, Khatib H. Integration of whole-genome DNA methylation data with RNA sequencing data to identify markers for bull fertility. Anim Genet 2020; 51:502-510. [PMID: 32323873 DOI: 10.1111/age.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Predicting bull fertility prior to breeding is a current challenge for the dairy industry. The use of molecular biomarkers has been previously assessed. However, the integration of this information has not been performed to extract biologically relevant markers. The goal of this study was to integrate DNA methylation data with previously published RNA-sequencing results in order to identify candidate markers for sire fertility. A total of 1765 differentially methylated cytosines were found between high- and low-fertility sires. Ten genes associated with 11 differentially methylated cytosines were found in a previous study of gene expression between high- and low-fertility sires. Additionally, two of these genes code for proteins found exclusively in bull seminal plasma. Collectively, our results reveal 10 genes that could be used in the future as a panel for predicting bull fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Gross
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | | | - Hasan Khatib
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pinto-Costa R, Sousa MM. Profilin as a dual regulator of actin and microtubule dynamics. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2019; 77:76-83. [PMID: 31811707 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although originally identified as G-actin sequestering proteins, profilins are emerging as critical regulators of actin dynamics, capable of interacting with multiple acting binding proteins, and being able to link membrane lipids to cytoskeleton components. Recently, in addition to its actin, poly-proline, and phosphatidylinositol binding domains, profilin has been shown to contain residues specialized in microtubule binding. Here we will discuss in a critical perspective the emerging body of data supporting that profilins are central mediators of actin microfilament and microtubule interaction. We will also address the unanswered questions in the field, including the nature of the interaction of profilin with microtubules, and its effect on microtubule dynamics. These recent discoveries deepen our understanding on how different cytoskeleton components are integrated within cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Pinto-Costa
- Nerve Regeneration Group, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular-IBMC and Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Graduate Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar-ICBAS, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mónica M Sousa
- Nerve Regeneration Group, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular-IBMC and Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gautam M, Xie EF, Kocak N, Ozdinler PH. Mitoautophagy: A Unique Self-Destructive Path Mitochondria of Upper Motor Neurons With TDP-43 Pathology Take, Very Early in ALS. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:489. [PMID: 31787882 PMCID: PMC6854036 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the converging paths for many neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and TDP-43 pathology is the most common proteinopathy detected in ALS and ALS/Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (ALS/FTLD). We recently identified mitochondrial problems in corticospinal motor neurons (CSMN) and in Betz cells of patients with TDP-43 pathology. However, the timing and the extent of mitochondrial defects, and their mode of degeneration have not been revealed. Because it is important to reveal when problems first begin to emerge and whether they are shared or unique, we investigated the health and integrity of mitochondria in CSMN of prpTDP-43A315T, PFN1G118V, and hSOD1G93A mice at P15 (post-natal day 15)—a very early age in mice without any sign of cellular degeneration.Utilization of immuno-coupled electron microscopy for a detailed surveillance of mitochondria in CSMN and other non-CSMN cells revealed presence of a novel self-destructive path of mitochondrial degeneration, which we named mitoautophagy. Mitoauthopgy is different from mitophagy, as it does not require autophagosome-mediated degradation. In contrast, in this novel path, mitochondria can clear themselves independently. We find that even at this early age, all diseased CSMN begin to display mitochondrial defects, whereas mitochondria in non-CSMN cells are healthy. Our findings not only reveal mitoautophagy as a novel path of mitochondrial clearance that occurs prior to neuronal vulnerability, but it also highlights that it is present mainly in the upper motor neurons of prpTDP-43A315T and PFN1G118V mice, which mimic many aspects of the disease in patients with TDP-43 pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Gautam
- Davee Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurological Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Les Turner ALS Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Edward F Xie
- Davee Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurological Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nuran Kocak
- Davee Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurological Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - P Hande Ozdinler
- Davee Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurological Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Les Turner ALS Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Mesulam Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bauer TJ, Gombocz E, Krüger M, Sahana J, Corydon TJ, Bauer J, Infanger M, Grimm D. Augmenting cancer cell proteomics with cellular images - A semantic approach to understand focal adhesion. J Biomed Inform 2019; 100:103320. [PMID: 31669288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2019.103320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
If monolayers of cancer cells are exposed to microgravity, some of the cells cease adhering to the bottom of a culture flask and join three-dimensional aggregates floating in the culture medium. Searching reasons for this change in phenotype, we performed proteome analyses and learnt that accumulation and posttranslational modification of proteins involved in cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion are affected. To further investigate these proteins, we developed a methodology to find histological images about focal adhesion complex (FA) proteins. Selecting proteins expressed by human FTC-133 and MCF-7 cancer cells and known to be incorporated in FA, we transformed the experimental data to RDF to establish a core semantic knowledgebase. Applying iterative SPARQL queries to Linked Open Databases, we augmented these data with additional functional, transformation- and aggregation-related relationships. Using reasoning, we retrieved publications with images about the spatial arrangement of proteins incorporated in FA. Contextualizing those images enabled us to gain insights about FA of cells changing their site of growth, and to independently validate our experimental results. This new way to link experimental proteome data to biomedical knowledge from various sources via searching images may generally be applied in science when images are a tool of knowledge dissemination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Bauer
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Erich Gombocz
- Melissa Informatics, 2550 Ninth Street, Suite 114, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Jayashree Sahana
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoeg-Guldbergsgade 10, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Thomas J Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoeg-Guldbergsgade 10, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Johann Bauer
- Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoeg-Guldbergsgade 10, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Gravitational Biology and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Mechanical Engineering, Otto-von-Guericke-University-Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Brettle M, Stefen H, Djordjevic A, Fok SYY, Chan JW, van Hummel A, van der Hoven J, Przybyla M, Volkerling A, Ke YD, Delerue F, Ittner LM, Fath T. Developmental Expression of Mutant PFN1 in Motor Neurons Impacts Neuronal Growth and Motor Performance of Young and Adult Mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:231. [PMID: 31611772 PMCID: PMC6776973 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease with limited treatment and no cure. Mutations in profilin 1 were identified as a cause of familial ALS (fALS) in 2012. We investigated the functional impact of mutant profilin 1 expression in spinal cords during mouse development. We developed a novel mouse model with the expression of profilin 1 C71G under the control of the Hb9 promoter, targeting expression to α-motor neurons in the spinal cord during development. Embryos of transgenic mice showed evidence of a significant reduction of brachial nerve diameter and a loss of Mendelian inheritance. Despite the lack of transgene expression, adult mice presented with significant motor deficits. Transgenic mice had a significant reduction in the number of motor neurons in the spinal cord. Further analysis of these motor neurons in aged transgenic mice revealed reduced levels of TDP-43 and ChAT expression. Although profilin 1 C71G was only expressed during development, adult mice presented with some ALS-associated pathology and motor symptoms. This study highlights the effect of profilin 1 during neurodevelopment and the impact that this may have in later ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merryn Brettle
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Biomedical Imaging Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Holly Stefen
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Aleksandra Djordjevic
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Sandra Y Y Fok
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Biomedical Imaging Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Josephine W Chan
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Annika van Hummel
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Julia van der Hoven
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Magdalena Przybyla
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexander Volkerling
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Yazi D Ke
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fabien Delerue
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lars M Ittner
- Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas Fath
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Dementia Research Centre and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ghalloussi D, Dhenge A, Bergmeier W. New insights into cytoskeletal remodeling during platelet production. J Thromb Haemost 2019; 17:1430-1439. [PMID: 31220402 PMCID: PMC6760864 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has brought unprecedented advances in our understanding of megakaryocyte (MK) biology and platelet production, processes that are strongly dependent on the cytoskeleton. Facilitated by technological innovations, such as new high-resolution imaging techniques (in vitro and in vivo) and lineage-specific gene knockout and reporter mouse strains, we are now able to visualize and characterize the molecular machinery required for MK development and proplatelet formation in live mice. Whole genome and RNA sequencing analysis of patients with rare platelet disorders, combined with targeted genetic interventions in mice, has led to the identification and characterization of numerous new genes important for MK development. Many of the genes important for proplatelet formation code for proteins that control cytoskeletal dynamics in cells, such as Rho GTPases and their downstream targets. In this review, we discuss how the final stages of MK development are controlled by the cellular cytoskeletons, and we compare changes in MK biology observed in patients and mice with mutations in cytoskeleton regulatory genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorsaf Ghalloussi
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Ankita Dhenge
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Wolfgang Bergmeier
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kita AM, Swider ZT, Erofeev I, Halloran MC, Goryachev AB, Bement WM. Spindle-F-actin interactions in mitotic spindles in an intact vertebrate epithelium. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:1645-1654. [PMID: 31091161 PMCID: PMC6727749 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-02-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitotic spindles are well known to be assembled from and dependent on microtubules. In contrast, whether actin filaments (F-actin) are required for or are even present in mitotic spindles has long been controversial. Here we have developed improved methods for simultaneously preserving F-actin and microtubules in fixed samples and exploited them to demonstrate that F-actin is indeed associated with mitotic spindles in intact Xenopus laevis embryonic epithelia. We also find that there is an “F-actin cycle,” in which the distribution and organization of spindle F-actin changes over the course of the cell cycle. Live imaging using a probe for F-actin reveals that at least two pools of F-actin are associated with mitotic spindles: a relatively stable internal network of cables that moves in concert with and appears to be linked to spindles, and F-actin “fingers” that rapidly extend from the cell cortex toward the spindle and make transient contact with the spindle poles. We conclude that there is a robust endoplasmic F-actin network in normal vertebrate epithelial cells and that this network is also a component of mitotic spindles. More broadly, we conclude that there is far more internal F-actin in epithelial cells than is commonly believed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Kita
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706.,Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Zachary T Swider
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706.,Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Ivan Erofeev
- Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Mary C Halloran
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Andrew B Goryachev
- Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - William M Bement
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706.,Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706.,Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Grimes KM, Prasad V, McNamara JW. Supporting the heart: Functions of the cardiomyocyte's non-sarcomeric cytoskeleton. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 131:187-196. [PMID: 30978342 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The non-contractile cytoskeleton in cardiomyocytes is comprised of cytoplasmic actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. In addition to providing mechanical support to these cells, these structures are important effectors of tension-sensing and signal transduction and also provide networks for the transport of proteins and organelles. The majority of our knowledge on the function and structure of these cytoskeletal networks comes from research on proliferative cell types. However, in recent years, researchers have begun to show that there are important cardiomyocyte-specific functions of the cytoskeleton. Here we will discuss the current state of cytoskeletal biology in cardiomyocytes, as well as research from other cell types, that together suggest there is a wealth of knowledge on cardiac health and disease waiting to be uncovered through exploration of the complex signaling networks of cardiomyocyte non-sarcomeric cytoskeletal proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Grimes
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Vikram Prasad
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - James W McNamara
- Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
|
39
|
Gorshkova T, Chernova T, Mokshina N, Gorshkov V, Kozlova L, Gorshkov O. Transcriptome Analysis of Intrusively Growing Flax Fibers Isolated by Laser Microdissection. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14570. [PMID: 30275452 PMCID: PMC6167358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32869-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The intrusive growth, a type of plant cell elongation occurring in the depths of plant tissues, is characterized by the invasion of a growing cell between its neighbours due to a higher rate of elongation. In order to reveal the largely unknown molecular mechanisms of intrusive growth, we isolated primary flax phloem fibers specifically at the stage of intrusive growth by laser microdissection. The comparison of the RNA-Seq data from several flax stem parts enabled the characterization of those processes occurring specifically during the fiber intrusive elongation. The revealed molecular players are summarized as those involved in the supply of assimilates and support of turgor pressure, cell wall enlargement and modification, regulation by transcription factors and hormones, and responses to abiotic stress factors. The data obtained in this study provide a solid basis for developing approaches to manipulate fiber intrusive elongation, which is of importance both for plant biology and the yield of fiber crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Gorshkova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of RAS" 420111, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan, Russian Federation.
| | - Tatyana Chernova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of RAS" 420111, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia Mokshina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of RAS" 420111, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Gorshkov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of RAS" 420111, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Liudmila Kozlova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of RAS" 420111, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg Gorshkov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of RAS" 420111, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Womersley JS, Townsend DM, Kalivas PW, Uys JD. Targeting redox regulation to treat substance use disorder using N‐acetylcysteine. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 50:2538-2551. [PMID: 30144182 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronic relapsing disorder characterized by transitioning from acute drug reward to compulsive drug use. Despite the heavy personal and societal burden of SUDs, current treatments are limited and unsatisfactory. For this reason, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying addiction is required. Altered redox status, primarily due to drug-induced increases in dopamine metabolism, is a unifying feature of abused substances. In recent years, knowledge of the effects of oxidative stress in the nervous system has evolved from strictly neurotoxic to include a more nuanced role in redox-sensitive signaling. More specifically, S-glutathionylation, a redox-sensitive post-translational modification, has been suggested to influence the response to drugs of abuse. In this review we will examine the evidence for redox-mediating drugs as therapeutic tools focusing on N-acetylcysteine as a treatment for cocaine addiction. We will conclude by suggesting future research directions that may further advance this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline S Womersley
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, 409 Drug Discovery Building, 70 President Street, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Danyelle M Townsend
- Department of Drug Discover and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Peter W Kalivas
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Joachim D Uys
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, 409 Drug Discovery Building, 70 President Street, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Colin A, Singaravelu P, Théry M, Blanchoin L, Gueroui Z. Actin-Network Architecture Regulates Microtubule Dynamics. Curr Biol 2018; 28:2647-2656.e4. [PMID: 30100343 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Coordination between actin filaments and microtubules is critical to complete important steps during cell division. For instance, cytoplasmic actin filament dynamics play an active role in the off-center positioning of the spindle during metaphase I in mouse oocytes [1-3] or in gathering the chromosomes to ensure proper spindle formation in starfish oocytes [4, 5], whereas cortical actin filaments control spindle rotation and positioning in adherent cells or in mouse oocytes [6-9]. Several molecular effectors have been found to facilitate anchoring between the meiotic spindle and the cortical actin [10-14]. In vitro reconstitutions have provided detailed insights in the biochemical and physical interactions between microtubules and actin filaments [15-20]. Yet how actin meshwork architecture affects microtubule dynamics is still unclear. Here, we reconstituted microtubule aster in the presence of a meshwork of actin filaments using confined actin-intact Xenopus egg extracts. We found that actin filament branching reduces the lengths and growth rates of microtubules and constrains the mobility of microtubule asters. By reconstituting the interaction between dynamic actin filaments and microtubules in a minimal system based on purified proteins, we found that the branching of actin filaments is sufficient to block microtubule growth and trigger microtubule disassembly. In a further exploration of Xenopus egg extracts, we found that dense and static branched actin meshwork perturbs monopolar spindle assembly by constraining the motion of the spindle pole. Interestingly, monopolar spindle assembly was not constrained in conditions supporting dynamic meshwork rearrangements. We propose that branched actin filament meshwork provides physical barriers that limit microtubule growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Colin
- PASTEUR, Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Pavithra Singaravelu
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Biosciences & Biotechnology Institute of Grenoble, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire & Végétale, CytoMorpho Lab, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Manuel Théry
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Biosciences & Biotechnology Institute of Grenoble, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire & Végétale, CytoMorpho Lab, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France; Université Paris Diderot, INSERM, CEA, Hôpital Saint Louis, Institut Universitaire d'Hematologie, UMRS1160, CytoMorpho Lab, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Blanchoin
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Biosciences & Biotechnology Institute of Grenoble, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire & Végétale, CytoMorpho Lab, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France; Université Paris Diderot, INSERM, CEA, Hôpital Saint Louis, Institut Universitaire d'Hematologie, UMRS1160, CytoMorpho Lab, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France.
| | - Zoher Gueroui
- PASTEUR, Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Gong T, Yan Y, Zhang J, Liu S, Liu H, Gao J, Zhou X, Chen J, Shi A. PTRN-1/CAMSAP promotes CYK-1/formin-dependent actin polymerization during endocytic recycling. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201798556. [PMID: 29567645 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201798556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cargo sorting and membrane carrier initiation in recycling endosomes require appropriately coordinated actin dynamics. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of actin organization during recycling transport remains elusive. Here we report that the loss of PTRN-1/CAMSAP stalled actin exchange and diminished the cytosolic actin structures. Furthermore, we found that PTRN-1 is required for the recycling of clathrin-independent cargo hTAC-GFP The N-terminal calponin homology (CH) domain and central coiled-coils (CC) region of PTRN-1 can synergistically sustain the flow of hTAC-GFP We identified CYK-1/formin as a binding partner of PTRN-1. The N-terminal GTPase-binding domain (GBD) of CYK-1 serves as the binding interface for the PTRN-1 CH domain. The presence of the PTRN-1 CH domain promoted CYK-1-mediated actin polymerization, which suggests that the PTRN-1-CH:CYK-1-GBD interaction efficiently relieves autoinhibitory interactions within CYK-1. As expected, the overexpression of the CYK-1 formin homology domain 2 (FH2) substantially restored actin structures and partially suppressed the hTAC-GFP overaccumulation phenotype in ptrn-1 mutants. We conclude that the PTRN-1 CH domain is required to stimulate CYK-1 to facilitate actin dynamics during endocytic recycling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Gong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanling Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jinghu Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China .,Institute for Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease of National Education Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Davey RJ, Digman MA, Gratton E, Moens PDJ. Quantitative image mean squared displacement (iMSD) analysis of the dynamics of profilin 1 at the membrane of live cells. Methods 2017; 140-141:119-125. [PMID: 29242135 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Image mean square displacement analysis (iMSD) is a method allowing the mapping of diffusion dynamics of molecules in living cells. However, it can also be used to obtain quantitative information on the diffusion processes of fluorescently labelled molecules and how their diffusion dynamics change when the cell environment is modified. In this paper, we describe the use of iMSD to obtain quantitative data of the diffusion dynamics of a small cytoskeletal protein, profilin 1 (pfn1), at the membrane of live cells and how its diffusion is perturbed when the cells are treated with Cytochalasin D and/or the interactions of pfn1 are modified when its actin and polyphosphoinositide binding sites are mutated (pfn1-R88A). Using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy images, we obtained data on isotropic and confined diffusion coefficients, the proportion of cell areas where isotropic diffusion is the major diffusion mode compared to the confined diffusion mode, the size of the confinement zones and the size of the domains of dynamic partitioning of pfn1. Using these quantitative data, we could demonstrate a decreased isotropic diffusion coefficient for the cells treated with Cytochalasin D and for the pfn1-R88A mutant. We could also see changes in the modes of diffusion between the different conditions and changes in the size of the zones of pfn1 confinements for the pfn1 treated with Cytochalasin D. All of this information was acquired in only a few minutes of imaging per cell and without the need to record thousands of single molecule trajectories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rhonda J Davey
- Centre for Bioactive Discovery in Health and Ageing, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| | - Michelle A Digman
- Centre for Bioactive Discovery in Health and Ageing, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia; Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 3210 Natural Sciences II Bldg., University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2715, United States
| | - Enrico Gratton
- Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 3210 Natural Sciences II Bldg., University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2715, United States
| | - Pierre D J Moens
- Centre for Bioactive Discovery in Health and Ageing, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Henty-Ridilla JL, Juanes MA, Goode BL. Profilin Directly Promotes Microtubule Growth through Residues Mutated in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Curr Biol 2017; 27:3535-3543.e4. [PMID: 29129529 PMCID: PMC5772683 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Profilin is an abundant actin monomer-binding protein with critical actin regulatory roles in vivo [1, 2]. However, profilin also influences microtubule dynamics in cells, which may be mediated in part through its interactions with formins that in turn bind microtubules [3, 4]. Specific residues on human profilin-1 (PFN1) are mutated in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) [5, 6]. However, the observation that some ALS-linked PFN1 mutants fail to alter cellular actin organization or dynamics [5-8] or in vitro actin-monomer affinity [9] has been perplexing, given that profilin is best understood as an actin regulator. Here, we investigated direct effects of profilin on microtubule dynamics and whether ALS-linked mutations in PFN1 disrupt such functions. We found that human, fly, and yeast profilin homologs all directly enhance microtubule growth rate by several-fold in vitro. Microtubule stimulatory effects were unaffected by mutations in the canonical actin- or poly-proline-binding sites of profilin. Instead, microtubule activities depended on specific surface residues on profilin mutated in ALS patients. Furthermore, microtubule effects were attenuated by increasing concentrations of actin monomers, suggesting competition between actin and microtubules for binding profilin. Consistent with these biochemical observations, a 2-fold increase in the expression level of wild-type PFN1, but not the ALS-linked PFN1 mutants, increased microtubule growth rates in cells. Together, these results demonstrate that profilin directly enhances the growth rate of microtubules. They further suggest that ALS-linked mutations in PFN1 may perturb cellular microtubule dynamics and/or the coordination between the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons, leading to motor neuron degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Angeles Juanes
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Bruce L Goode
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02454, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yilmaz O, Patinote A, Nguyen TV, Com E, Lavigne R, Pineau C, Sullivan CV, Bobe J. Scrambled eggs: Proteomic portraits and novel biomarkers of egg quality in zebrafish (Danio rerio). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188084. [PMID: 29145436 PMCID: PMC5690628 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Egg quality is a complex biological trait and a major determinant of reproductive fitness in all animals. This study delivered the first proteomic portraits of egg quality in zebrafish, a leading biomedical model for early development. Egg batches of good and poor quality, evidenced by embryo survival for 24 h, were sampled immediately after spawning and used to create pooled or replicated sample sets whose protein extracts were subjected to different levels of fractionation before liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Obtained spectra were searched against a zebrafish proteome database and detected proteins were annotated, categorized and quantified based on normalized spectral counts. Manually curated and automated enrichment analyses revealed poor quality eggs to be deficient of proteins involved in protein synthesis and energy and lipid metabolism, and of some vitellogenin products and lectins, and to have a surfeit of proteins involved in endo-lysosomal activities, autophagy, and apoptosis, and of some oncogene products, lectins and egg envelope proteins. Results of pathway and network analyses suggest that this aberrant proteomic profile results from failure of oocytes giving rise to poor quality eggs to properly transit through final maturation, and implicated Wnt signaling in the etiology of this defect. Quantitative comparisons of abundant proteins in good versus poor quality eggs revealed 17 candidate egg quality markers. Thus, the zebrafish egg proteome is clearly linked to embryo developmental potential, a phenomenon that begs further investigation to elucidate the root causes of poor egg quality, presently a serious and intractable problem in livestock and human reproductive medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Yilmaz
- Laboratory of Fish Physiology and Genomics, INRA UR1037, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Amélie Patinote
- Laboratory of Fish Physiology and Genomics, INRA UR1037, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Thao Vi Nguyen
- Laboratory of Fish Physiology and Genomics, INRA UR1037, Rennes Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Julien Bobe
- Laboratory of Fish Physiology and Genomics, INRA UR1037, Rennes Cedex, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sato Y, Murakami Y, Takahashi M. Semi-retentive cytoskeletal fractionation (SERCYF): A novel method for the biochemical analysis of the organization of microtubule and actin cytoskeleton networks. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 488:614-620. [PMID: 28526408 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A variety of biochemical fractionation methods are available for the quantification of cytoskeletal components. However, each method is designed to target only one cytoskeletal network, either the microtubule (MT) or actin cytoskeleton, and non-targeted cytoskeletal networks are ignored. Considering the importance of MT-actin crosstalk, the organization of both the targeted and non-targeted cytoskeletal networks must be retained intact during fractionation for the accurate analysis of cytoskeletal organization. In this study, we reveal that existing fractionation methods, represented by the MT-sedimentation-method for MTs and the Triton X-100 solubility assay-method for actin cytoskeletons, disrupt the organizations of the non-targeted cytoskeletons. We demonstrate a novel fractionation method for the accurate analysis of the cytoskeletal organizations using a taxol-containing PEM-based permeabilization buffer, which we name "semi-retentive cytoskeletal fractionation (SERCYF)-method". The organizations of both MTs and actin cytoskeletons were retained intact even after permeabilization with this buffer. By using the SERCYF-method, we analyzed the effects of nocodazole on the cytoskeletal organizations biochemically and showed promotion of the actin cytoskeletal organization by MT depolymerization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Sato
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yota Murakami
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takahashi
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Nejedla M, Li Z, Masser AE, Biancospino M, Spiess M, Mackowiak SD, Friedländer MR, Karlsson R. A Fluorophore Fusion Construct of Human Profilin I with Non-Compromised Poly(L-Proline) Binding Capacity Suitable for Imaging. J Mol Biol 2017; 429:964-976. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
48
|
Expression of profilin in Trypanosoma cruzi and identification of some of its ligands. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 480:709-714. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|