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Wang Q, Tao S, Xing L, Liu J, Xu C, Xu X, Ding H, Shen Q, Yu X, Zheng Y. SNAP25 is a potential target for early stage Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:570. [PMID: 38053192 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), two common irreversible neurodegenerative diseases, share similar early stage syndromes, such as olfaction dysfunction. Yet, the potential comorbidity mechanism of AD and PD was not fully elucidated. METHODS The gene expression profiles of GSE5281 and GSE8397 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We utilized a series of bioinformatics analyses to screen the overlapped differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The hub genes were further identified by the plugin CytoHubba of Cytoscape and validated in the hippocampus (HIP) samples of APP/PS-1 transgenic mice and the substantial nigra (SN) samples of A53T transgenic mice by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Meanwhile, the expression of the target genes in the olfactory epithelium/bulb was detected by RT-qPCR. Finally, molecular docking was used to screen potential compounds for the target gene. RESULTS One hundred seventy-four overlapped DEGs were identified in AD and PD. Five of the top ten enrichment pathways mainly focused on the synapse. Five hub genes were identified and further validated. As a common factor in AD and PD, the changes of synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP25) mRNA in olfactory epithelium/bulb were significantly decreased and had a strong association with those in the HIP and SN samples. Pazopanib was the optimal compound targeting SNAP25, with a binding energy of - 9.2 kcal/mol. CONCLUSIONS Our results provided a theoretical basis for understanding the comorbidity mechanism of AD and PD and highlighted that SNAP25 in the olfactory epithelium may serve as a potential target for early detection and intervention in both AD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sijue Tao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Xing
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiuyu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cankun Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyi Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haohan Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Shen
- Neurological Institute, Columbia University, NY Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Xiaobo Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Shanxi, China.
| | - Yingwei Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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Barnett DG, Lechner SA, Gammie SC, Kelm-Nelson CA. Thyroarytenoid Oxidative Metabolism and Synaptic Signaling Dysregulation in the Female Pink1-/- Rat. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:3412-3421. [PMID: 37293988 PMCID: PMC10709531 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES AND HYPOTHESIS Vocal dysfunction, including hypophonia, in Parkinson disease (PD) manifests in the prodromal period and significantly impacts an individual's quality of life. Data from human studies suggest that pathology leading to vocal deficits may be structurally related to the larynx and its function. The Pink1-/- rat is a translational model used to study pathogenesis in the context of early-stage mitochondrial dysfunction. The primary objective of this work was to identify differentially expressed genes in the thyroarytenoid muscle and examine the dysregulated biological pathways in the female rat. METHODS RNA sequencing was used to determine thyroarytenoid (TA) muscle gene expression in adult female Pink1-/- rats compared with controls. A bioinformatic approach and the ENRICHR gene analysis tool were used to compare the sequencing dataset with biological pathways and processes, disease relationships, and drug-repurposing compounds. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis was used to construct biological network modules. The data were compared with a previously published dataset in male rats. RESULTS Significant upregulated pathways in female Pink1-/- rats included fatty acid oxidation and muscle contraction, synaptic transmission, and neuromuscular processes. Downregulated pathways included anterograde transsynaptic signaling, chemical synaptic transmission, and ion release. Several drug treatment options including cetuximab, fluoxetine, and resveratrol are hypothesized to reverse observed genetic dysregulation. CONCLUSIONS Data presented here are useful for identifying biological pathways that may underlie the mechanisms of peripheral dysfunction including neuromuscular synaptic transmission to the TA muscle. These experimental biomarkers have the potential to be targeted as sites for improving the treatment for hypophonia in early-stage PD. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 133:3412-3421, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G.S. Barnett
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Sarah A. Lechner
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Stephen C. Gammie
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Cynthia A. Kelm-Nelson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
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3
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Chang HF, Schirra C, Pattu V, Krause E, Becherer U. Lytic granule exocytosis at immune synapses: lessons from neuronal synapses. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1177670. [PMID: 37275872 PMCID: PMC10233144 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1177670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulated exocytosis is a central mechanism of cellular communication. It is not only the basis for neurotransmission and hormone release, but also plays an important role in the immune system for the release of cytokines and cytotoxic molecules. In cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), the formation of the immunological synapse is required for the delivery of the cytotoxic substances such as granzymes and perforin, which are stored in lytic granules and released via exocytosis. The molecular mechanisms of their fusion with the plasma membrane are only partially understood. In this review, we discuss the molecular players involved in the regulated exocytosis of CTL, highlighting the parallels and differences to neuronal synaptic transmission. Additionally, we examine the strengths and weaknesses of both systems to study exocytosis.
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Shrestha P, Jaganathan A, Huilgol D, Ballon C, Hwangbo Y, Mills AA. Chd5 Regulates the Transcription Factor Six3 to Promote Neuronal Differentiation. Stem Cells 2023; 41:242-251. [PMID: 36636025 PMCID: PMC10020979 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 5 (Chd5) is an ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler that promotes neuronal differentiation. However, the mechanism behind the action of Chd5 during neurogenesis is not clearly understood. Here we use transcriptional profiling of cells obtained from Chd5 deficient mice at early and late stages of neuronal differentiation to show that Chd5 regulates neurogenesis by directing stepwise transcriptional changes. During early stages of neurogenesis, Chd5 promotes expression of the proneural transcription factor Six3 to repress Wnt5a, a non-canonical Wnt ligand essential for the maturation of neurons. This previously unappreciated ability of Chd5 to transcriptionally repress neuronal maturation factors is critical for both lineage specification and maturation. Thus, Chd5 facilitates early transcriptional changes in neural stem cells, thereby initiating transcriptional programs essential for neuronal fate specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmina Shrestha
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | - Dhananjay Huilgol
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Carlos Ballon
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Yon Hwangbo
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Alea A Mills
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
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5
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Mitochondria-Endoplasmic Reticulum Interplay Regulates Exo-Cytosis in Human Neuroblastoma Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030514. [PMID: 35159324 PMCID: PMC8834387 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria–endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact sites (MERCS) have been emerging as a multifaceted subcellular region of the cell which affects several physiological and pathological mechanisms. A thus far underexplored aspect of MERCS is their contribution to exocytosis. Here, we set out to understand the role of these contacts in exocytosis and find potential mechanisms linking these structures to vesicle release in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. We show that increased mitochondria to ER juxtaposition through Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) knock-down resulted in a substantial upregulation of the number of MERCS, confirming the role of Mfn2 as a negative regulator of these structures. Furthermore, we report that both vesicle numbers and vesicle protein levels were decreased, while a considerable upregulation in exocytotic events upon cellular depolarization was detected. Interestingly, in Mfn2 knock-down cells, the inhibition of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) and the mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) uniporter (MCU) restored vesicle protein content and attenuated exocytosis. We thus suggest that MERCS could be targeted to prevent increased exocytosis in conditions in which ER to mitochondria proximity is upregulated.
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Moro A, van Nifterick A, Toonen RF, Verhage M. Dynamin controls neuropeptide secretion by organizing dense-core vesicle fusion sites. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabf0659. [PMID: 34020952 PMCID: PMC8139595 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf0659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Synaptic vesicles (SVs) release neurotransmitters at specialized active zones, but release sites and organizing principles for the other major secretory pathway, neuropeptide/neuromodulator release from dense-core vesicles (DCVs), remain elusive. We identify dynamins, yeast Vps1 orthologs, as DCV fusion site organizers in mammalian neurons. Genetic or pharmacological inactivation of all three dynamins strongly impaired DCV exocytosis, while SV exocytosis remained unaffected. Wild-type dynamin restored normal exocytosis but not guanosine triphosphatase-deficient or membrane-binding mutants that cause neurodevelopmental syndromes. During prolonged stimulation, repeated use of the same DCV fusion location was impaired in dynamin 1-3 triple knockout neurons. The syntaxin-1 staining efficiency, but not its expression level, was reduced. αSNAP (α-soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein) expression restored this. We conclude that mammalian dynamins organize DCV fusion sites, downstream of αSNAP, by regulating the equilibrium between fusogenic and non-fusogenic syntaxin-1 promoting its availability for SNARE (SNAP receptor) complex formation and DCV exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Moro
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anne van Nifterick
- Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ruud F Toonen
- Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Matthijs Verhage
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Bhat S, Adiga D, Shukla V, Guruprasad KP, Kabekkodu SP, Satyamoorthy K. Metastatic suppression by DOC2B is mediated by inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and induction of senescence. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 38:237-258. [PMID: 33758996 PMCID: PMC8986756 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09598-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Senescence induction and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) events are the opposite sides of the spectrum of cancer phenotypes. The key molecules involved in these processes may get influenced or altered by genetic and epigenetic changes during tumor progression. Double C2-like domain beta (DOC2B), an intracellular vesicle trafficking protein of the double C2 protein family, plays a critical role in exocytosis, neurotransmitter release, and intracellular vesicle trafficking. DOC2B is repressed by DNA promoter hypermethylation and functions as a tumor growth regulator in cervical cancer. To date, the molecular mechanisms of DOC2B in cervical cancer progression and metastasis is elusive. Herein, the biological functions and molecular mechanisms regulated by DOC2B and its impact on senescence and EMT are described. DOC2B inhibition promotes proliferation, growth, and migration by relieving G0/G1-S arrest, actin remodeling, and anoikis resistance in Cal27 cells. It enhanced tumor growth and liver metastasis in nude mice with the concomitant increase in metastasis-associated CD55 and CD61 expression. Inhibition of EMT and promotion of senescence by DOC2B is a calcium-dependent process and accompanied by calcium-mediated interaction between DOC2B and CDH1. In addition, we have identified several EMT and senescence regulators as targets of DOC2B. We show that DOC2B may act as a metastatic suppressor by inhibiting EMT through induction of senescence via DOC2B-calcium-EMT-senescence axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samatha Bhat
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Divya Adiga
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Vaibhav Shukla
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Kanive Parashiva Guruprasad
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, 576104, India.
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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8
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Ca 2+ Dyshomeostasis Disrupts Neuronal and Synaptic Function in Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122655. [PMID: 33321866 PMCID: PMC7763805 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ homeostasis is essential for multiple neuronal functions and thus, Ca2+ dyshomeostasis can lead to widespread impairment of cellular and synaptic signaling, subsequently contributing to dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). While numerous studies implicate Ca2+ mishandling in AD, the cellular basis for loss of cognitive function remains under investigation. The process of synaptic degradation and degeneration in AD is slow, and constitutes a series of maladaptive processes each contributing to a further destabilization of the Ca2+ homeostatic machinery. Ca2+ homeostasis involves precise maintenance of cytosolic Ca2+ levels, despite extracellular influx via multiple synaptic Ca2+ channels, and intracellular release via organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via ryanodine receptor (RyRs) and IP3R, lysosomes via transient receptor potential mucolipin channel (TRPML) and two pore channel (TPC), and mitochondria via the permeability transition pore (PTP). Furthermore, functioning of these organelles relies upon regulated inter-organelle Ca2+ handling, with aberrant signaling resulting in synaptic dysfunction, protein mishandling, oxidative stress and defective bioenergetics, among other consequences consistent with AD. With few effective treatments currently available to mitigate AD, the past few years have seen a significant increase in the study of synaptic and cellular mechanisms as drivers of AD, including Ca2+ dyshomeostasis. Here, we detail some key findings and discuss implications for future AD treatments.
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9
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The SNAP-25 Protein Family. Neuroscience 2019; 420:50-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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10
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Doc2b Ca 2+ binding site mutants enhance synaptic release at rest at the expense of sustained synaptic strength. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14408. [PMID: 31594980 PMCID: PMC6783474 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50684-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Communication between neurons involves presynaptic neurotransmitter release which can be evoked by action potentials or occur spontaneously as a result of stochastic vesicle fusion. The Ca2+-binding double C2 proteins Doc2a and –b were implicated in spontaneous and asynchronous evoked release, but the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we compared wildtype Doc2b with two Ca2+ binding site mutants named DN and 6A, previously classified as gain- and loss-of-function mutants. They carry the substitutions D218,220N or D163,218,220,303,357,359A respectively. We found that both mutants bound phospholipids at low Ca2+ concentrations and were membrane-associated in resting neurons, thus mimicking a Ca2+-activated state. Their overexpression in hippocampal primary cultured neurons had similar effects on spontaneous and evoked release, inducing high mEPSC frequencies and increased short-term depression. Together, these data suggest that the DN and 6A mutants both act as gain-of-function mutants at resting conditions.
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11
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Gandini MA, Souza IA, Fan J, Li K, Wang D, Zamponi GW. Interactions of Rabconnectin-3 with Cav2 calcium channels. Mol Brain 2019; 12:62. [PMID: 31253182 PMCID: PMC6599304 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-019-0483-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes the interaction between Cav2 calcium channels and Rabconnectin-3, a di-subunit protein that is associated with synaptic vesicles. Immunostaining reveals that both Rabconnectin-3α (RB-3α) and Rabconnectin-3β (RB-3β) are colocalized in mouse hippocampal neurons. Co-immunoprecipitations from brain tissue is consistent with the formation of a protein complex between RB-3α and RB-3β and both Cav2.2 and the related Cav2.1 calcium channel. The coexpression of either RB-3α or RB-3β with Cav2.2 calcium channels in tsA-201 cells led to a reduction in Cav2.2 current density without any effects on the voltage-dependence of activation or inactivation. Coexpression of both Rabconnectin-3 subunits did not cause an additive effect on current densities. Finally, the presence of Rabconnectin-3 did not interfere with μ-opioid receptor mediated Gβγ modulation of Cav2.2 channels. Altogether, our findings show that Rabconnectin-3 has the propensity to regulate calcium entry mediated by Cav2.2 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Gandini
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Ivana A Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jing Fan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Katherine Li
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Decheng Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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Liu P, Pu J, Zhang J, Chen Z, Wei K, Shi L. Bioinformatic analysis of miR-4792 regulates Radix Tetrastigma hemsleyani flavone to inhibit proliferation, invasion, and induce apoptosis of A549 cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:1401-1412. [PMID: 30863107 PMCID: PMC6389004 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s182525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radix Tetrastigma hemsleyani, a kind of Chinese medicinal herb, contains multiple medicinal ingredients and can exert a variety of pharmacological activities. Our previous study revealed that miR-4792 was significantly upregulated in Radix Tetrastigma hemsleyani flavone (RTHF)-treated A549 cells; however, the regulatory mechanism of RTHF-treated A549 cells remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we investigated the antitumor mechanism and regulatory pathway of miR-4792 in RTHF-treated A549 cells, and the target genes were predicted and pathway enrichment of miR-4792 was performed using bioinformatic analysis. RESULTS Our results confirmed that the upregulated expression of miR-4792 could inhibit cell proliferation and invasion, provoke cell cycle arrest, and induce apoptosis in A549 cells. Gene Ontology analysis showed that target genes of miR-4792 were enriched in protein binding, cytosol, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, and metal ion binding. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that target genes of miR-4792 were enriched in aminoacyltRNA biosynthesis, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, sphingolipid signaling pathway, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, glycosaminoglycan degradation, and regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes. Additionally, FOXC1 was identified as an important target gene of miR-4792 in RTHF-treated A549 cells, and miR-4792 may be the target of some apoptotic-related proteins involved in induction of apoptosis in A549 cells by RTHF. Moreover, the intracellular Ca2+ levels of A549 cells were increased after RTHF treatment, which may be involved in the anticancer regulatory process of miR-4792 in RTHF-treated A549 cells. CONCLUSION These findings suggest a novel therapeutic approach for lung cancer that will be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peigang Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China,
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbao Pu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhui Zhang
- RuoHeng Family Farm, Zhejiang Dou Dou Bao Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Co., Ltd, Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilu Chen
- Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial Tongde Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Kemin Wei
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial Tongde Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian'gen Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China,
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13
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SNAP-25 in Major Psychiatric Disorders: A Review. Neuroscience 2019; 420:79-85. [PMID: 30790667 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Synaptosomal Associated Protein-25 kilodaltons (SNAP-25) is an integral member of the SNARE complex. This complex is essential for calcium-triggered synaptic vesicular fusion and release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. In addition to neurotransmission, SNAP-25 is associated with insulin release, the regulation of intracellular calcium, and neuroplasticity. Because of SNAP-25's varied and crucial biological roles, the consequences of changes in this protein can be seen in both the central nervous system and the periphery. In this review, we will look at the published literature from human genetic, postmortem, and animal studies involving SNAP-25. The accumulated data indicate that SNAP-25 may be linked with some symptoms associated with a variety of psychiatric disorders. These disorders include bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, alcohol use disorder, and dementia. There are also data suggesting SNAP-25 may be involved with non-psychiatric seizures and metabolic disorders. We believe investigation of SNAP-25 is important for understanding both normal behavior and some aspects of the pathophysiology of behavior seen with psychiatric disorders. The wealth of information from both animal and human studies on SNAP-25 offers an excellent opportunity to use a bi-directional research approach. Hypotheses generated from genetically manipulated mice can be directly tested in human postmortem tissue, and, conversely, human genetic and postmortem findings can improve and validate animal models for psychiatric disorders.
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Pozzi D, Corradini I, Matteoli M. The Control of Neuronal Calcium Homeostasis by SNAP-25 and its Impact on Neurotransmitter Release. Neuroscience 2018; 420:72-78. [PMID: 30476527 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The process of neurotransmitter release is central to the control of cell-to-cell communication in brain. SNAP-25 is a component of the SNARE complex, which, together with syntaxin-1 and synaptobrevin, mediates synaptic vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane. The genetic ablation of the protein or its proteolytic cleavage by botulinum neurotoxins results in a complete block of synaptic transmission. In the last years, several evidences have indicated that SNAP-25 also plays additional modulatory roles in neurotransmission through the control of voltage-gated calcium channels and presynaptic calcium ion concentration. Consistently, reduced levels of the protein affect presynaptic calcium homeostasis and result in pathologically enhanced glutamate exocytosis. The SNAP-25-dependent alterations of synaptic calcium dynamics may have direct impact on the development of neuropsychiatric disorders where the Snap-25 gene has been found to be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Pozzi
- Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milano, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy.
| | - Irene Corradini
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Michela Matteoli
- Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milano, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy.
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15
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Alexander NJ, Rau AR, Jimenez VA, Daunais JB, Grant KA, McCool BA. SNARE Complex-Associated Proteins in the Lateral Amygdala of Macaca mulatta Following Long-Term Ethanol Drinking. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:1661-1673. [PMID: 29944190 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent work with long-term ethanol (EtOH) self-administration in nonhuman primate models has revealed a complex array of behavioral and physiological effects that closely mimic human alcohol abuse. Detailed neurophysiological analysis in these models suggests a myriad of pre- and postsynaptic neurobiological effects that may contribute to the behavioral manifestations of long-term EtOH drinking. The molecular mechanisms regulating presynaptic effects of this chronic EtOH exposure are largely unknown. To this end, we analyzed the effects of long-term EtOH self-administration on the levels of presynaptic SNARE complex proteins in Macaca mulatta basolateral amygdala, a brain region known to regulate both aversive and reward-seeking behaviors. METHODS Basolateral amygdala samples from control and EtOH-drinking male and female monkeys were processed. Total basolateral amygdala protein was analyzed by Western blotting using antibodies directed against both core SNARE and SNARE-associated proteins. We also performed correlational analyses between protein expression levels and a number of EtOH drinking parameters, including lifetime grams of EtOH consumed, preference, and blood alcohol concentration. RESULTS Significant interactions or main effects of sex/drinking were seen for a number of SNARE core and SNARE-associated proteins. Across the range of EtOH-drinking phenotypes, SNAP25 and Munc13-1 proteins levels were significantly different between males and females, and Munc13-2 levels were significantly lower in animals with a history of EtOH drinking. A separate analysis of very heavy-drinking individuals revealed significant decreases in Rab3c (females) and complexin 2 (males). CONCLUSIONS Protein expression analysis of basolateral amygdala total protein from controls and animals following long-term EtOH self-administration suggests a number of alterations in core SNARE or SNARE-associated components that could dramatically alter presynaptic function. A number of proteins or multiprotein components were also correlated with EtOH drinking behavior, which suggest a potentially heritable role for presynaptic SNARE proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy J Alexander
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Andrew R Rau
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Vanessa A Jimenez
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon
| | - James B Daunais
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Kathleen A Grant
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Brian A McCool
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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16
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Daraio T, Valladolid-Acebes I, Brismar K, Bark C. SNAP-25a and SNAP-25b differently mediate interactions with Munc18-1 and Gβγ subunits. Neurosci Lett 2018; 674:75-80. [PMID: 29548989 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SNAP-25 is a protein involved in regulated membrane fusion and part of the SNARE complex. It exists as two splicing variants, SNAP-25a and SNAP-25b, which differ in 9 out of 206 amino acids. SNAP-25 together with Syntaxin 1 and VAMP-2 forms the ternary SNARE complex essential for mediating activity-dependent release of hormones and neurotransmitters. The functional difference between SNAP-25a and SNAP-25b is poorly understood as both can participate in SNARE complexes and mediate membrane fusion. However, we recently demonstrated that SNAP-25b-deficiency results in metabolic disease and increased insulin secretion. Here we investigated if SNAP-25a and SNAP-25b differently affect interactions with other SNAREs and SNARE-interacting proteins in mouse hippocampus. Adult mice almost exclusively express the SNAP-25b protein in hippocampus whereas SNAP-25b-deficient mice only express SNAP-25a. Immunoprecipitation studies showed no significant differences in amount of Syntaxin 1 and VAMP-2 co-precipitated with the different SNAP-25 isoforms. In contrast, Munc18-1, that preferentially interacts with SNAP-25 via Syntaxin 1 and/or the trimeric SNARE complex, demonstrated an increased ability to bind protein-complexes containing SNAP-25b. Moreover, we found that both SNAP-25 isoforms co-precipitated the Gβγ subunits of the heterotrimeric G proteins, an interaction known to play a role in presynaptic inhibition. We have identified Gβ1 and Gβ2 as the interacting partners of both SNAP-25 isoforms in mouse hippocampus, but Gβ2 was less efficiently captured by SNAP-25a. These results implicate that the two SNAP-25 isoforms could differently mediate protein interactions outside the ternary SNARE core complex and thereby contribute to modulate neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Daraio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ismael Valladolid-Acebes
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Brismar
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Bark
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
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17
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Houy S, Groffen AJ, Ziomkiewicz I, Verhage M, Pinheiro PS, Sørensen JB. Doc2B acts as a calcium sensor for vesicle priming requiring synaptotagmin-1, Munc13-2 and SNAREs. eLife 2017; 6:27000. [PMID: 29274147 PMCID: PMC5758110 DOI: 10.7554/elife.27000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Doc2B is a cytosolic protein with binding sites for Munc13 and Tctex-1 (dynein light chain), and two C2-domains that bind to phospholipids, Ca2+ and SNAREs. Whether Doc2B functions as a calcium sensor akin to synaptotagmins, or in other calcium-independent or calcium-dependent capacities is debated. We here show by mutation and overexpression that Doc2B plays distinct roles in two sequential priming steps in mouse adrenal chromaffin cells. Mutating Ca2+-coordinating aspartates in the C2A-domain localizes Doc2B permanently at the plasma membrane, and renders an upstream priming step Ca2+-independent, whereas a separate function in downstream priming depends on SNARE-binding, Ca2+-binding to the C2B-domain of Doc2B, interaction with ubMunc13-2 and the presence of synaptotagmin-1. Another function of Doc2B – inhibition of release during sustained calcium elevations – depends on an overlapping protein domain (the MID-domain), but is separate from its Ca2+-dependent priming function. We conclude that Doc2B acts as a vesicle priming protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Houy
- Neuronal Secretion Group, Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
| | - Alexander J Groffen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Iwona Ziomkiewicz
- Neuronal Secretion Group, Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark.,Discovery Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development, AstraZeneca R&D, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Matthijs Verhage
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Functional Genomics, Faculty of Science, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VrijeUniversiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Paulo S Pinheiro
- Neuronal Secretion Group, Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
| | - Jakob Balslev Sørensen
- Neuronal Secretion Group, Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
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18
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The L-type Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel co-localizes with Syntaxin 1A in nano-clusters at the plasma membrane. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11350. [PMID: 28900128 PMCID: PMC5595989 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10588-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The secretory signal elicited by membrane depolarization traverses from the Ca2+-bound α11.2 pore-forming subunit of the L-type Ca2+-channel (Cav1.2) to syntaxin 1 A (Sx1A) via an intra-membrane signaling mechanism. Here, we report the use of two-color Photo-Activated-Localization-Microscopy (PALM) to determine the relation between Cav1.2 and Sx1A in single-molecule detail. We observed nanoscale co-clusters of PAmCherry-tagged Sx1A and Dronpa-tagged α11.2 at a ~1:1 ratio. PAmCherry-tagged Sx1AC145A, or PAmCherry-tagged Sx2, an inactive Cav1.2 modulator, in which Cys145 is a Ser residue, showed no co-clustering. These results are consistent with the crucial role of the single cytosolic Sx1ACys145 in clustering with Cav1.2. Cav1.2 and the functionally inactive transmembrane-domain double mutant Sx1AC271V/C272V engendered clusters with a ~2:1 ratio. A higher extent of co-clustering, which coincides with compromised depolarization-evoked transmitter-release, was observed also by oxidation of Sx1ACys271 and Cys272. Our super-resolution-imaging results set the stage for studying co-clustering of the channel with other exocytotic proteins at a single-molecule level.
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19
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Daraio T, Bombek LK, Gosak M, Valladolid-Acebes I, Klemen MS, Refai E, Berggren PO, Brismar K, Rupnik MS, Bark C. SNAP-25b-deficiency increases insulin secretion and changes spatiotemporal profile of Ca 2+oscillations in β cell networks. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7744. [PMID: 28798351 PMCID: PMC5552776 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08082-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
SNAP-25 is a protein of the core SNARE complex mediating stimulus-dependent release of insulin from pancreatic β cells. The protein exists as two alternatively spliced isoforms, SNAP-25a and SNAP-25b, differing in 9 out of 206 amino acids, yet their specific roles in pancreatic β cells remain unclear. We explored the effect of SNAP-25b-deficiency on glucose-stimulated insulin release in islets and found increased secretion both in vivo and in vitro. However, slow photo-release of caged Ca2+ in β cells within pancreatic slices showed no significant differences in Ca2+-sensitivity, amplitude or rate of exocytosis between SNAP-25b-deficient and wild-type littermates. Therefore, we next investigated if Ca2+ handling was affected in glucose-stimulated β cells using intracellular Ca2+-imaging and found premature activation and delayed termination of [Ca2+]i elevations. These findings were accompanied by less synchronized Ca2+-oscillations and hence more segregated functional β cell networks in SNAP-25b-deficient mice. Islet gross morphology and architecture were maintained in mutant mice, although sex specific compensatory changes were observed. Thus, our study proposes that SNAP-25b in pancreatic β cells, except for participating in the core SNARE complex, is necessary for accurate regulation of Ca2+-dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Daraio
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lidija Križančić Bombek
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, SI-2000, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Marko Gosak
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, SI-2000, Maribor, Slovenia.,Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, SI-2000, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Ismael Valladolid-Acebes
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maša Skelin Klemen
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, SI-2000, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Essam Refai
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Olof Berggren
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Brismar
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marjan Slak Rupnik
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, SI-2000, Maribor, Slovenia. .,Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Christina Bark
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
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