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Chokkanathan S. Family Environment, Loneliness, Hope, and Subjective Well-Being of Asian Older Adults. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2024; 98:208-220. [PMID: 37122151 DOI: 10.1177/00914150231171839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined the interactions between family environment, hope, and loneliness, and their subsequent influence on the subjective well-being (SWB) of 345 noninstitutionalized older adults (aged 60 years and above) in Singapore. Door-to-door surveys information was collected on family environment (cohesiveness, relationship closeness, and support), hope, loneliness, and SWB (life satisfaction, happiness, and absence of negative affect). Structural equation modelling was conducted to test competing hypotheses derived from life stress and integrated resource theories. The results revealed that family environment influenced SWB both directly and indirectly. Family environment decreased loneliness and increased SWB. Additionally, family environment influenced SWB by offering increased hope. Family environment sets the context for the SWB of older adults in Singapore. Families should therefore be targeted for interventions to reduce loneliness, increase psychological resources, and raise SWB during old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Chokkanathan
- Department of Social Work, AS3 Arts Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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2
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Maximiano-Barreto MA, Leal LR, Pessoa RMDP, Bomfim AJDL, Morais DD, Luchesi BM, Chagas MHN. Factors associated with happiness among community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 56:124-137. [PMID: 38340433 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify factors associated with self-reported happiness among community-dwelling older adults. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was conducted. Searches were conducted in the PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus and Pubmed databases for relevant articles published in English, Spanish or Portuguese using the following search strategy and Boolean operators: (happiness*) AND (elder* OR (old adult*)). No restriction was imposed with regards to year of publication. This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42018107302). RESULTS Forty-six articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Economic, social and health-related factors were associated with happiness among community-dwelling older adults. The sociodemographic characteristics of older adults, such as the female sex, being married, an older age, a higher level of schooling and having a religion, were also associated with happiness. CONCLUSIONS The articles included in the present systematic review demonstrate that social, economic and health-related aspects have an association with happiness in community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lívio Rodrigues Leal
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Mendes de Paula Pessoa
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Julia de Lima Bomfim
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Daiene de Morais
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Moretti Luchesi
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Três Lagoas Campus, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Três Lagoas, MS, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Bai X, Zhou JJ, Lee CK, Lee VWP, Lai DWL. Personal Competence or Environmental Characteristics? Factors Influencing Happiness among Ageing Adults in Hong Kong Around the Period of COVID-19 Pandemic. J Appl Gerontol 2024:7334648241234995. [PMID: 38412869 DOI: 10.1177/07334648241234995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Drawing upon person-environment fit perspective, this study examines the joint and interactive influences of personal competence and environmental characteristics on the happiness of ageing adults around the period of COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected in two rounds, before and during the pandemic, with 2,028 participants aged 55 years and older in Hong Kong. Personal competence encompassed financial status, physical health, and mental capital, while environmental characteristics included experiences of ageism, perceived social conditions, and age-friendly policies. Ordinary least squares regression was used to examine personal and environmental influences on happiness. Results indicated a significant decline in happiness following the onset of COVID-19 pandemic. Mental capital was found to have the strongest positive influence on happiness, followed by physical health, financial status, and social conditions. Mental capital mitigated the negative relationship between experiences of ageism and happiness. Practical interventions are informed to improve the well-being of ageing adults during pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
- Research Centre for Gerontology and Family Studies, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Jia-Jia Zhou
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
- Research Centre for Gerontology and Family Studies, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Ko Lee
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
- Research Centre for Gerontology and Family Studies, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Vincent W P Lee
- Department of Social Work, Hong Kong Baptist University, kowloon tong, Hong Kong
| | - Daniel W L Lai
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, kowloon tong, Hong Kong
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Chen ZJ, Tang FP, Chang SY, Chung HL, Tsai WH, Chou SS, Yeh HC, Tung HH. Resilience-happiness nexus in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults: Results from Gan-Dau Healthy Longevity Plan. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 116:105162. [PMID: 37598465 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The core of healthy aging is intrinsic capacity (IC) that consists of major elements, i.e., cognition, locomotion, vitality, sensory capacity, and psychological aspect. This cross-sectional study analyzes data of the Gan-Dau Healthy Longevity Plan, targeting community-dwelling adults aged 50 years or older. The participants completed the assessment, in addition to WHO IC, including the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) for cognitive performance, 6 m walking speed (m/s),timed up-and-go test (s) and hand grip strength (Kg) for locomotor assessment, Cardiovascular health study (CHS) for frailty assessment, Mini Nutrition assessment short form (MNA-SF) for nutrition. Psychological aspect including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for sleep quality, the Geriatric Depression Scale-5 (GDS-5) for depressive symptoms, the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) for resilience, and the Chinese Happiness Inventory (CHI) for happiness levels. The study enrolled 810 participants (mean age of 68.45 ± 8.05 years, 32% male) and revealed that 94.7% of participants exhibited impairments in IC, with visual capacity and cognition being the most common deficit items of IC. Resilience levels varied, with 37.4% of men and 33.5% of women exhibiting moderate to low resilience. Only 23.4% of male participants and 21.1% female participants reported a high level of happiness. Resilience was found to partially mediate the relationship between intrinsic capacity and happiness, with approximately 6.6% of the variance in happiness being mediated by resilience. In conclusion, the study provides valuable insights into the connections between psychological aspect, IC, and healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jun Chen
- Global Research & Industry Alliance, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Beitou Dist., Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fong-Ping Tang
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Su-Yu Chang
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiu-Ling Chung
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Huey Tsai
- Center for Administration and Management, Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shin-Shang Chou
- Vice Superintendent Office, Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Chien Yeh
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Heng-Hsin Tung
- Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Beitou Dist., Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC.
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5
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Gyasi RM, Hajek A, Owusu R, James PB, Boampong MS, Accam BT, Abass K, Owusu-Dabo E, Phillips DR. Sleep and Happiness in Urban-Dwelling Older Adults in Ghana: A Serial Multiple Mediation Model of Generalized Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 31:953-964. [PMID: 37270306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep problems (SP) are highly prevalent and seriously affect health and well-being in old age. The aim of this study was to examine the association between SP and happiness in an urban-dwelling older sample. The authors further explore the effects of generalized anxiety and depressive symptoms in the SP-happiness link using serial mediating modeling. METHODS Data came from the 2016 to 2018 Aging, Health, Psychological Well-being, and Health-seeking Behavior Study in Ghana (n = 661). The authors measured happiness with the cross-culturally validated item on a five-point scale. The GAD-7 and the CESD-8, respectively, assessed generalized anxiety and depressive symptoms. Participants reported nighttime and daytime SP in the last 30 days. The SPSS-based Hayes' PROCESS macro program (Model 6) was constructed to quantify the hypothesized mediation effect. RESULTS The analysis included 661 adults aged greater than or equal to 50 years (mean age = 65.53 [SD] = 11.89 years; 65.20% women). After full adjustment, path models showed that SP was negatively associated with happiness (β = -0.1277, 95%CI = -0.15950 to -0.096). Bootstrapping estimates revealed that the SP-happiness link was serially mediated via generalized anxiety representing 8.77%, depressive symptoms yielding 18.95%, and anxiety symptoms→depressive symptoms accounting for 26.70% of the total effect. CONCLUSION Generalized anxiety and depressive symptoms may explain the negative association between SP and happiness in urban-dwelling older adults in the sub-Saharan African (SSA) context. Interventions, social and clinical, to improve happiness through sleep quality should include ways to improve mental health. Longitudinal and cross-cultural data are warranted to assess the bi-directionality of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razak M Gyasi
- Aging and Development Unit, African Population and Health Research Center (RMG), Nairobi, Kenya; National Centre for Naturopathic Medicine, Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University (RMG, PBJ), Lismore, NSW, Australia.
| | - André Hajek
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics (AH), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Richmond Owusu
- Department of Health Policy, Planning, and Management, School of Public Health, University of Ghana (RO), Legon, Ghana
| | - Peter Bai James
- National Centre for Naturopathic Medicine, Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University (RMG, PBJ), Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Mary Sefa Boampong
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (MSB), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Burnett Tetteh Accam
- Department of Mathematics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (BTA), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Kabila Abass
- Department of Geography and Rural Development, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KA), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ellis Owusu-Dabo
- School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (EO-D), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - David R Phillips
- Department of Sociology and Social Policy, Lingnan University (DRP), Tuen Mun, New Territories, Hong Kong
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Zhou A, Song Y, Li X, Hu B, Chen Y, Cui P, Li J. Functional limitation and happiness among older adults: the multiple mediating role of intergenerational support and intergenerational relationship. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1249216. [PMID: 37905237 PMCID: PMC10613474 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1249216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the functional limitation and happiness among Chinese older people and examined the multiple mediating effects of intergenerational support (instrumental support and financial support) and intergenerational relationship. Method Data was drawn from the Chinese Family Panel Survey (CFPS) 2018 and 2020. Structural equation modeling was adopted to analyze the association among functional limitations, intergenerational support, intergenerational relationship, and the older adults happiness. Results There was a significant association between the functional limitations and the lower happiness levels among the older adults. The instrumental support from adult children positively mediated the relationship between the functional limitation and the happiness. However, intergenerational relationships were reduced due to the dysfunction of the older adults, and played a negatively mediated role between the functional limitation and the happiness. In addition, instrumental and financial support play chain-mediating roles between functional limitation and happiness in older adults through intergenerational relationships. Conclusion Intergenerational relationships and instrumental support enhance the happiness of older adults with functional impairments, but their role is limited by the changing structure of modern families. Long-term care programs combined with the intergenerational support from families for people with functional impairments in old age would be more effective to reduce the burden on adult children and maintain the quality of life of the older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angdi Zhou
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Song
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xinru Li
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Bingqin Hu
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yitong Chen
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Peiyao Cui
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jinghua Li
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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Gyasi RM, Hajek A, Asante F, Accam BT, Osei-Tutu S, Rahmati M, Hervie VM, Abass K, Phillips DR. Ageing Happily in Ghana: How Does Social Inclusion Contribute? Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:821-830. [PMID: 37438150 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.13004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoting happiness has become increasingly important in old age for a wide range of reasons. In this study, we aim to examine the association between social inclusion (SI) and happiness among older adults in Ghana and identify the mediating factors. METHODS The study included 1201 community-dwelling adults aged ≥50 (mean age = 66.4 ± SD 11.9 years; 63.3% female) from the 2016-2018 Ageing, Health, Psychological Well-being, and Health-seeking Behaviour Study. We assessed happiness with a self-rated and cross-culturally validated item on a five-point scale. SI was operationalised using the modified Berkman-Syme Social Network Index. The hypothesised associations were evaluated by hierarchical regressions and bootstrapping techniques from Hayes' PROCESS macro programme. RESULTS The prevalence of happiness was 24.3% (all of the time), 43.6% (most of the time), 28.3% (little of the time), and 3.7% (none of the time). After controlling for potential confounders, higher SI was associated with increased levels of happiness (odds ratio (OR) = 1.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.16-2.51). Aside from family/friends contacts, all other SI domains positively influenced happiness (OR = 1.45-1.81). The link between SI and happiness was mediated by depressive symptoms (65.2%), generalised anxiety (30.1%), and sleep problems (9.5%). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that psychological factors may largely explain the positive SI-happiness link. Efforts should target these factors to promote happiness in old age. Longitudinal analysis may confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razak M Gyasi
- African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
- National Centre for Naturopathic Medicine, Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - André Hajek
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix Asante
- Department of Geography and Rural Development, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Burnett Tetteh Accam
- Department of Mathematics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Solomon Osei-Tutu
- Department of Geography and Rural Development, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
| | | | - Kabila Abass
- Department of Geography and Rural Development, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - David R Phillips
- Department of Sociology and Social Policy, Lingnan University, Hong Kong, China
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Song CF, Tay PKC, Gwee X, Wee SL, Ng TP. Happy people live longer because they are healthy people. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:440. [PMID: 37464330 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04030-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Higher levels of happiness are associated with longer life expectancy. Our study assessed the extent to which various factors explain the protective effect of happiness on all-cause mortality risk, and whether the association differs between older men and women. METHODS Using data from the Singapore Longitudinal Aging Studies (N = 6073) of community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 55 years, we analyzed the association of baseline Likert score of happiness (1 = very sad to 5 = very happy) and mortality from mean 11.7 years of follow up. Cox regression models were used to assess the extent to which confounding risk factors attenuated the hazard ratio of association in the whole sample and sex-stratified analyses. RESULTS Happiness was significantly associated with lower mortality (p < .001) adjusted for age, sex and ethnicity: HR = 0.85 per integer score and HR = 0.57 for fairly-or-very happy versus fairly-or-very sad. The HR estimate (0.90 per integer score) was modestly attenuated (33.3%) in models that included socio-demographic and support, lifestyle or physical health and functioning factor, but remained statistically significant. The HR estimate (0.94 per integer score) was substantially attenuated (60%) and was insignificant in the model that included psychological health and functioning. Including all co-varying factors in the model resulted in statistically insignificant HR estimate (1.04 per integer score). Similar results were obtained for HR estimates for fairly-to-very happy versus fairly-to- very sad). DISCUSSION Much of the association between happiness and increased life expectancy could be explained by socio-demographic, lifestyle, health and functioning factors, and especially psychological health and functioning factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Feng Song
- Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, 10 Dover Dr, Singapore, Singapore, 138683, Singapore
| | - Peter Kay Chai Tay
- Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, 10 Dover Dr, Singapore, Singapore, 138683, Singapore
| | - Xinyi Gwee
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shiou Liang Wee
- Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, 10 Dover Dr, Singapore, Singapore, 138683, Singapore.
| | - Tze Pin Ng
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Segura A, Cardona D, Segura A, Robledo CA, Muñoz DI. The subjective perception of the happiness of older adult residents in Colombia. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1055572. [PMID: 37215723 PMCID: PMC10196204 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1055572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Happiness is understood as the perception of subjective well-being, it can be a quality, a result, or a state characterized by well-being or satisfaction that every person wants to achieve. In older adults, this satisfaction is a sum of lifelong achievements and triumphs; However, some factors influence this ideal. Objective Analyze demographic, family, social, personal, and health factors associated with the subjective perception of happiness in older adults, using data from a study conducted in five cities in Colombia, in order to make a theoretical contribution in the search for improvement of their physical, mental and social health. Materials and methods A quantitative, cross-sectional, analytical study was carried out, using primary source information, obtained with 2,506 surveys from voluntary participants aged 60 and over, who had no cognitive impairment, and who reside in urban areas but not in long-term centers. The variable happiness (classified as high or moderate/low) was used for: (1) A univariate explorative characterization of older adult, (2) a bivariate estimation of the relationships with the factors studied, and (3) a multivariate construction of profiles through multiple correspondences. Results 67.2% reported high happiness levels, with differences by city: Bucaramanga (81.6%), Pereira (74.7%), Santa Marta (67.4), Medellín (64%), and Pereira (48.7%). Happiness was explained by the absence of risk of depression and little hopelessness, strengthened psychological well-being, a perception of high quality of life, and living in a functional family. Conclusion This study provided an overview of possible factors that can be enhanced and strengthened with public policies (structural determinant), community empowerment, family strengthening (intermediate determinant), and educational programs (proximal determinant). These aspects are included in the essential functions of public health, in favor of mental and social health in older adults.
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Pekalee A, Gray RS. In-home environment and happiness among older adults in Thailand. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1159350. [PMID: 37077188 PMCID: PMC10106684 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1159350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe fact that housing can play a critical role in maintaining the health and independence related to happiness of the older population has been studied in more developed countries. However, research on the effect of housing conditions on happiness is rare in less developed countries. This study aimed to construct and test a structural equation model describing the structural relationship among personal aspects (living alone and physical disability), in-home environment (sleeping place and toilet/bathroom), and happiness among older adults in Thailand.MethodThe data on the population age 75 years or over were extracted from the 2017 national Survey of Older Persons in Thailand (n = 7,829).ResultsThe median age of the sample population was 79. Almost 60 percent were women. The structural equation model showed a good fit with the data. Living alone did not directly influence happiness. Physical disability had a statistically significant negative direct effect on happiness. In-home environment not only had an impact on happiness directly, but also moderated the relationship between physical disability and happiness.ConclusionThe research suggested that interventions to improve happiness of older adults, particularly those with physical disability, should aim to adapt their housing, including sleeping place and toilet design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alongkorn Pekalee
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Alongkorn Pekalee,
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Martín-María N, Lara E, Cabello M, Olaya B, Haro JM, Miret M, Ayuso-Mateos JL. To be happy and behave in a healthier way. A longitudinal study about gender differences in the older population. Psychol Health 2023; 38:307-323. [PMID: 34353185 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1960988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Subjective well-being plays a key role in health. The objectives of this study are to analyse the longitudinal associations between subjective well-being dimensions and healthy behaviours, and to examine gender differences. METHOD A representative sample of 1,190 Spanish non-institutionalised adults aged 50+ were interviewed over a 6-year follow-up period. The Cantril scale was used to measure evaluative well-being. The Day Reconstruction Method measured experienced well-being. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire was used, whereas fruit and vegetables, tobacco and alcohol consumption, and sleep quality were self-reported. The Generalised Estimating Equation was calculated. RESULTS Women show significantly worse subjective well-being than men longitudinally. Higher scores in life satisfaction and positive affect were significantly related to a higher level of physical activity and better-quality sleep for both women and men. Associations between a higher life satisfaction and an adequate intake of fruits and vegetables and being a non-smoker was only found in women (OR = 1.05; 95% IC = 1.00, 1.10 and OR = 1.16; 95% IC = 1.09, 1.23, respectively). CONCLUSION Subjective well-being levels and frequencies in healthy behaviours are different in women and men. Subjective well-being interventions should take into account these differences in the frequency of healthy-unhealthy behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Martín-María
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental. CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elvira Lara
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental. CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Cabello
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental. CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Olaya
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental. CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental. CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Miret
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental. CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental. CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
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12
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Wang Y, Song Z, Wei L, Liu Y, Bian J, Wang C, Wang S. The mediating role of psychological capital between post-traumatic growth and uncertainty in illness among patients with Parkinson's disease. Geriatr Nurs 2023; 50:194-202. [PMID: 36791544 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
With the application of positive psychology in health management, many studies have confirmed the close relationship between post-traumatic growth, psychological capital and uncertainty in illness. However, there is still a lack of attention to the positive psychology of patients with Parkinson's disease, and previous studies have not clarify the specific relationship. Therefore, the present study sought to explore the multiple mediating roles of psychological capital between post-traumatic growth and uncertainty in illness among patients with Parkinson's disease. We conducted a cross-sectional survey, a total of 268 patients with Parkinson's disease were investigated by the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory, the Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire and the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale - Adults from November 2021 to June 2022 in the Parkinson's specialist outpatient department of three 3a-grade hospitals in Tianjin, China. The results showed that the score of post-traumatic growth was (51.78±17.872), the score of uncertainty in illness was (68.08±17.555), and the score of self-efficacy, resilience, hope, and optimism dimensions of psychological capital were (28.93±10.511), (28.79±11.553), (27.57±8.558) and (25.35±9.768). Post-traumatic growth was negatively correlated with uncertainty in illness and positively correlated with all four dimensions of psychological capital (p < 0.01), and uncertainty in illness was negatively correlated with all four dimensions of psychological capital (p < 0.01). Bootstrap test showed that the direct effect of post-traumatic growth on uncertainty in illness of patients with Parkinson's disease was not significant; the total indirect effect of psychological capital between post-traumatic growth and uncertainty in illness was significant. The mediating effects of resilience and hope were significant, accounting for 53.07% and 19.41% of the total indirect effects, respectively. Based on the research results, psychological capital played a completely mediating role between post-traumatic growth and uncertainty in illness of patients with Parkinson's disease. Post-traumatic growth affected uncertainty in illness through two dimensions: resilience and hope. Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the level of psychological capital of patients with Parkinson's disease and implement targeted positive psychological interventions focusing on the two dimensions of resilience and hope, to enhance post-traumatic growth and reduce the level of uncertainty in illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya'nan Wang
- BSN, The First Central Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhengyang Song
- BSN, The First Central Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lirong Wei
- BSN, Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun Liu
- BSN, Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiping Bian
- BSN, Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Cong Wang
- BSN, The First Central Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shen Wang
- MD, Preventive Health Service, Tianjin First Central Hospital, 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, China.
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13
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Emotional and physical-related experiences as potential mechanisms linking physical activity and happiness: Evidence from the Ghana Aging, Health, Psychological Well-being, and Health-seeking Behavior Study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2023; 42:113-121. [PMID: 36842821 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2022.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the association between physical inactivity (PI) and happiness among Ghanaian older adults and whether emotional and physical-related experiences (EPE) mediate the association. Data from the Aging, Health, Psychological Well-being and Health-seeking Behavior Study (AgeHeaPsyWel-HeaSeeB) conducted in 2016-2018 among 1201 older Ghanaians were analyzed. Happiness was assessed with the self-rated and cross-culturally validated item on a 5-point scale. PI was evaluated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Hierarchical linear regressions and mediation analyses were performed to estimate the hypothesized associations. Results showed that PI was significantly associated with lower levels of happiness (β = -0.053, p < .001) net of potential confounders. The association of PI with happiness was attenuated and fully mediated by pain, sleep problems, loneliness, anxiety, and boredom. Moreover, in terms of the cross-level interaction effects, PI moderated the happiness-pain (β = -0.029, p < .005), happiness-social isolation (β = -0.024, p < .05), and happiness-boredom (β = -0.023, p < .005) associations. Our data suggest that EPE may explain why PI decreases happiness in old age. Findings provide valuable insight into the interventions and decisions to improve subjective well-being and quality of life in old age.
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14
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Sumiyama A, Shirai K, Imano H, Eguchi E, Muraki I, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. Positive psychological factors and the risk of pneumonia-associated mortality: Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. J Psychosom Res 2022; 160:110971. [PMID: 35841862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.110971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between positive psychological factors and the risk of pneumonia-associated mortality in a large prospective Japanese cohort. METHODS The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study assessed 64,231 participants (26,293 men and 37,938 women), aged 40-79 years, without a history of stroke, myocardial infarction, cancer or tubercules at baseline (1988-1990). We used self-administered questionnaires about lifestyle, medical history, and mental states, including three positive psychological factors, and followed-up for mortality outcomes until the end of 2009. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of pneumonia-associated mortality after adjustment for potential confounding factors, mutually positive psychological factors, and consideration for the competing risk. RESULTS Having Ikigai (in Japanese) was inversely associated with the risk of pneumonia-associated mortality in both men and women; the multivariable HRs (95% CIs) for high versus low levels were 0.68 (0.48-0.97), P trend =0.090 and 0.66 (0.43-1.00), P trend =0.146, respectively. Such inverse associations were more pronounced in working men and non-working women; the multivariable HRs (95% CIs) for high versus low levels were 0.52 (0.32-0.85), P trend =0.010 and 0.59 (0.37-0.94), P trend =0.079, respectively. Being relied upon by others and Enjoyment of life was not associated with the risk in both genders. CONCLUSION Having Ikigai was associated with a lower risk of pneumonia-associated mortality in both genders, especially in working men and non-working women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Sumiyama
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hironori Imano
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Public Health, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan
| | - Eri Eguchi
- Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Isao Muraki
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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15
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Happiness in University Students: Personal, Familial, and Social Factors: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084713. [PMID: 35457584 PMCID: PMC9032425 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Happiness is the foundation of a better life and a goal that people pursue; however, happiness levels among university students are low. The purpose of this study is to explore the main factors influencing student happiness. A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted in China in 2020. Data on student happiness was collected using the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, and students' personal, familial, and social information were obtained using another questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the association between student happiness and these factors in terms of odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 2186 valid questionnaires were obtained. Firstly, student happiness was found to be associated with personal factors. The results found that happiness was significantly associated with state of health, the adjusted OR (95% CI) = 3.41 (2.01-5.79) for healthy students compared to unhealthy students, and that happiness decreased with the student's age (OR = 0.79 and 95% CI = 0.63-0.98). Secondly, the research suggested that happiness was associated with familial factors. Both frequent contact with family and a harmonious relationship with parents significantly enhanced happiness with ORs (95% CIs) 1.42 (1.17-1.71) and 2.32 (1.83-2.95), respectively. Thirdly, student happiness was associated with several social factors. Students who performed well academically, who went to sleep early, and who were in a loving relationship were found to be happier than those with poor academic performance, went to sleep late, and who were single, for which the ORs (95% CIs) were, respectively, 1.87 (1.51-2.32), 1.50 (1.24-1.81), and 1.32 (1.09-1.60). The survey identified several key personal, familial, and social factors influencing university student happiness, which can provide an effective measure to improve their happiness.
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16
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Pimthong S, Suwanwong C, Surakarn A, Chiangkhong A, Sumalrot T, Khunakorncharatphong A. Development and validation of the Thai mental well-being scale. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09296. [PMID: 35497050 PMCID: PMC9043996 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental well-being is a state of positive mental health, but there is currently no valid tool for assessing mental well-being in the Thai population. The purpose of this research was to develop and validate a mental well-being scale for Thai people. Data from 2000 Thai citizens were analyzed to explore the structural components of mental well-being. Exploratory factor analysis (n = 1000) was conducted and determined a mental well-being factor structure consisting of three factors: 1) positive emotion and thinking, 2) positive relationship and 3) positive functioning. Confirmatory factor analysis of a validation group (n = 1000) identified 10 items within these three factors of mental well-being. Psychometric analyses supported internal consistency reliability, as well as convergent and discriminant validity of the scale. The findings suggest that the construction of this new mental well-being scale for Thai people is reliable and valid. This scale will be a useful tool for addressing and identifying mental health problems among the Thai population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saran Pimthong
- Behavioral Science Research Institute, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | | | - Thanayot Sumalrot
- Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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17
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Sasaki Y, Shobugawa Y, Nozaki I, Takagi D, Nagamine Y, Funato M, Chihara Y, Shirakura Y, Lwin KT, Zin PE, Bo TZ, Sone T, Win HH. Association between Happiness and Economic Status among Older Adults in Two Myanmar Regions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:3216. [PMID: 35328904 PMCID: PMC8951419 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have examined whether objective or subjective economic status (ES) has a greater association with the happiness of older adults, despite concerns regarding the growing economic cost of morbidity and their functional dependence in developing countries with aging populations. Thus, this study examined whether objective/subjective ES was associated with happiness in older adults in two Myanmar regions. A multistage random sampling procedure and face-to-face interviews were conducted in the urban and rural areas of Myanmar. The happiness of 1200 participants aged >60 years was evaluated using a single happiness score ranging from 0 (very unhappy) to 10 (very happy). The wealth index, used as an objective ES, was calculated from 17 household asset items, such as radio, washing machines, and television. Subjective ES was assessed by asking “Which of the following best describes your current financial situation in light of general economic conditions?” Responses ranged from “very difficult” to “very comfortable”. Both low objective and subjective ES were negatively associated with happiness, after adjusting for confounding variables and stratification by region (urban and rural areas). Although objective and subjective ES had similar associations with happiness in urban areas, subjective ES had a stronger association in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Sasaki
- Department of International Health and Collaboration, National Institute of Public Health, Wako City 351-0197, Japan
| | - Yugo Shobugawa
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata City 951-8510, Japan; (Y.S.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.)
| | - Ikuma Nozaki
- Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan;
| | - Daisuke Takagi
- Department of Health and Social Behavior, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;
| | - Yuiko Nagamine
- Department of Family Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan;
| | - Masafumi Funato
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Yuki Chihara
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata City 951-8510, Japan; (Y.S.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yuki Shirakura
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata City 951-8510, Japan; (Y.S.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.)
| | - Kay Thi Lwin
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Medicine 1, Yangon 245, Myanmar; (K.T.L.); (P.E.Z.); (T.Z.B.); (H.H.W.)
| | - Poe Ei Zin
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Medicine 1, Yangon 245, Myanmar; (K.T.L.); (P.E.Z.); (T.Z.B.); (H.H.W.)
| | - Thae Zarchi Bo
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Medicine 1, Yangon 245, Myanmar; (K.T.L.); (P.E.Z.); (T.Z.B.); (H.H.W.)
| | - Tomofumi Sone
- National Institute of Public Health, Wako City 351-0197, Japan;
| | - Hla Hla Win
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Medicine 1, Yangon 245, Myanmar; (K.T.L.); (P.E.Z.); (T.Z.B.); (H.H.W.)
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Being Creative Makes You Happier: The Positive Effect of Creativity on Subjective Well-Being. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147244. [PMID: 34299693 PMCID: PMC8305859 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The impact of happiness on creativity is well-established. However, little is known about the effect of creativity on well-being. Two studies were thus conducted to examine the impact of creativity on subjective well-being. In the first study, 256 undergraduate students (Study 1a) and 291 working adults (Study 1b) self-reported their creativity, stress, and subjective well-being. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed a positive relationship between creativity and subjective well-being after controlling the effect of self-perceived stress and demographics in both samples. Study 2 then employed an experimental design to examine the causal relationship between creativity and subjective well-being. Half of the 68 undergraduates underwent a creativity priming task followed by a divergent thinking test as well as self-reported stress and subjective well-being. The priming task was found to boost creative performance in the pilot study (Study 2a) and the actual study (Study 2b). Moreover, after controlling the effect of self-perceived stress, ANCOVA analysis showed that participants receiving the priming reported higher subjective well-being scores than their counterparts in the control group. The overall findings not only shed light on the facilitative effect of creativity on subjective well-being but also highlight the necessity of considering the reciprocal relationship of the two constructs in future research.
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Martín-María N, Caballero FF, Moreno-Agostino D, Olaya B, Haro JM, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Miret M. Relationship between subjective well-being and healthy lifestyle behaviours in older adults: a longitudinal study. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:611-619. [PMID: 30590962 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2018.1548567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: People who report better subjective well-being tend to be healthier in their daily behaviours. The objective of this study is to assess whether different components of subjective well-being are prospectively associated with different healthy lifestyle behaviours and to assess whether these associations differ by age.Method: A total of 1,892 participants aged 50+ living in Spain were interviewed in 2011-12 and 2014-15. Life satisfaction was measured with the Cantril Self-Anchoring Striving Scale. Positive and negative affect were assessed using the Day Reconstruction Method. Physical activity was assessed with the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire version 2. The remaining healthy lifestyle behaviours were self-reported. Generalised Estimating Equations (GEE) models were run.Results: Not having a heavy episodic alcohol drinking was the healthy lifestyle behaviour most fulfilled (97.97%), whereas the intake of five or more fruits and vegetables was the least followed (33.12%). GEE models conducted over the 50-64 and the 65+ age groups showed that a higher life satisfaction was significantly related to a higher physical activity in both groups. Relationships between a higher negative affect and presenting a lower level of physical activity, and a higher positive affect and following the right consumption of fruits and vegetables and being a non-daily smoker, were only found in the older group.Conclusion: The relationship between subjective well-being and healthy lifestyle behaviours was found fundamentally in those aged 65+ years. Interventions focused on incrementing subjective well-being would have an impact on keeping a healthy lifestyle and, therefore, on reducing morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Martín-María
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental. CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Félix Caballero
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública. CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Darío Moreno-Agostino
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental. CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Olaya
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental. CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.,Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental. CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.,Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental. CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Miret
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental. CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
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20
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Farahani MA, Dorri S, Seyedfatemi N. Happiness Strategies for Older Adults: A Qualitative Study. Res Gerontol Nurs 2020; 13:254-263. [PMID: 32101322 DOI: 10.3928/19404921-20200220-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ensuring happiness in older adults is critical for their mental health. The purpose of the current study was to identify strategies for creating happiness in Iranian older adults. A qualitative study was performed through content analysis and deep semi-structured interviews with 18 adults age 60 and older and one family member. Participants were selected through purposeful sampling, and data were encoded using MAXQDA. Data analyses revealed 187 codes, 23 subcategories, and four main categories: (a) self-centered strategies, (b) inductive strategies, (c) passive strategies, and (d) unselfish strategies. Following the four categories of strategies may lead to happiness in Iranian older adults. Self-centered strategies seemed to achieve better results given that such strategies can be learned and require involvement of older adults themselves. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 13(5), 254-263.].
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21
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Stončikaitė I. Revisiting Happiness and Well-Being in Later Life from Interdisciplinary Age-Studies Perspectives. Behav Sci (Basel) 2019; 9:bs9090094. [PMID: 31484406 PMCID: PMC6770928 DOI: 10.3390/bs9090094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Important demographic shifts and the so-called ‘longevity revolution’ have generated profound transformations in social interpretations of old age, an increased interest in age studies and new ideas on how to age well. The majority of current successful ageing models, however, represent rather a prevailing construct in Western societies. Physical and psychosocial well-being and the ability to adjust to the ideals of successful ageing are often seen as an integral part of a good quality in life. Those who do not or cannot follow these lines are often regarded as morally irresponsible and seem to be doomed to have a lonely, unhealthy and unhappy later life. This paper questions the current discourses of successful ageing in terms of healthy and happy living and calls for a reconsideration of more global, integrated and holistic understandings of the process of growing old.
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22
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Chan A, Saito Y, Matchar DB, Østbye T, Malhotra C, Ang S, Ma S, Malhotra R. Cohort Profile: Panel on Health and Ageing of Singaporean Elderly (PHASE). Int J Epidemiol 2019; 48:1750-1751f. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angelique Chan
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Ageing Research and Education, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yasuhiko Saito
- College of Economics and Population Research Institute, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - David B Matchar
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Internal Medicine (General Internal Medicine), Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Truls Østbye
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Ageing Research and Education, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Chetna Malhotra
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Lien Centre for Palliative Care, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shannon Ang
- Department of Sociology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Sociology, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stefan Ma
- Epidemiology & Disease Control Division, Singapore Ministry of Health, Singapore
| | - Rahul Malhotra
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Ageing Research and Education, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Burunat E. Love is a physiological motivation (like hunger, thirst, sleep or sex). Med Hypotheses 2019; 129:109225. [PMID: 31371074 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The multitude of terms associated with love has given rise to a false perception of love. In this paper, only maternal and romantic love are considered. Love is usually regarded as a feeling, motivation, addiction, passion, and, above all, an emotion. This confusion has consequences in the lives of human beings, leading not only to divorces, suicides, femicides but possibly also to a number of mental illnesses and suffering. Therefore, it is crucial to first clarify what is meant by emotion, motivation and love. This work aims to finally place love within the category of physiological motivations, such as hunger, thirst, sleep, or sex, on the basis that love is also essential for human survival, especially in childhood. Love is presented from an evolutionary perspective. Some other similarities between love and other physiological motivations are pointed out, such as its importance for appropriate human development, both its ontogeny and its permanence, and the long-lasting consequences of abuse and neglect. There are summarized reasons that account for this, such as the fact that physiological motivations are essential for survival and that love is an essential motivation for the survival of human offspring. Other reasons are that minimum changes in the quantity and quality of love alters development, that there can be a variety of neurophysiological and behavioural states within a motivation, and that motivations (also love) appear and change throughout development. Also, motivations and love sometimes may lead to an addictive behaviour. Finally, it is recognized that once physiological motivations (and love) appear, they become permanent. In a third section, some potential social, cultural, clinical and scientific consequences of the proposed consideration of love as a motivation are discussed. Accordingly, love's recognition as a motivation in the clinical field would imply a better understanding of its disorders and its inclusion in classifications manuals such as The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), or in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Considering love as a motivation rather than an emotion could also impact the results of scientific research (an example is included). A comprehensive understanding of these questions could potentially allow for a new therapeutic approach in the treatment of mental illness, while offering an all-inclusive evolutionary explanation of cultural phenomena such as the origin and diffusion of both language and art. Love should be understood as a physiological motivation, like hunger, sleep or sex, and not as an emotion as it is commonly considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Burunat
- School of Health Sciences/School of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, University of La Laguna, P.O. Box 456, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
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Boccardi M, Boccardi V. Psychological Wellbeing and Healthy Aging: Focus on Telomeres. Geriatrics (Basel) 2019; 4:geriatrics4010025. [PMID: 31023993 PMCID: PMC6473912 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics4010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress and depression are known to modulate the aging process, and might also affect telomere biology. In fact, exposure to some biochemical pathways involved in stress-related depression may contribute to an ‘‘accelerated aging” phenotype, as well as the incidence of age-related diseases, including metabolic disorders and dementia. Basic studies support the notion that the telomere and telomerase system plays a pivotal role in the aging process and disease promotion. Interestingly, short and dysfunctional telomeres are associated with reduced lifespan, as shown in animal models. In this context, telomeres are very sensitive to stress, mindset, and lifestyle, and their rescue may be sufficient to restore cell and organism viability. This mini-review discusses conceptual models of healthy and active aging and their relationship with telomere biology and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Boccardi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Virginia Boccardi
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 60132 Perugia, Italy.
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