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Muñoz-Yáñez C, Molina-Flores CA, Guandorena-Gómez JO. [Determination of the missrreporting of energy intake by Goldberg and Black in the FACSA cohort. Pilot study.]. NUTR HOSP 2024; 41:612-618. [PMID: 38666328 DOI: 10.20960/nh.04822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Introduction: the Goldberg and Black method estimates dietary underreporting in epidemiological food consumption studies. This method compares the self-reported energy intake of the subjects with the estimate of their total energy expenditure. Objective: to evaluate underreporting and overreporting at individual and group levels in Health Sciences students. Material and methods: the study was cross-sectional and prospective; the participants recorded their food consumption through two dietary records, one on the weekend and the other on the weekdays. They previously answered to sign an informed consent letter, after which the physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) they were also weighed and measured, and then the basal metabolic rate (BMR) was estimated, It calculated later the declared intake (EI)/BMR ratio, and finally, the cut-off points to determine under-declarers, over declarators and plausible declarators. Results: we found 14.81 % underreporting at the individual level and 44.44 % at the group level. The subjects with a higher BMI and those who performed strenuous physical activity were the ones who underreported the most. The subjects underreported performed moderate and severe physical activity at the group level. Conclusions: it is crucial to carry out this methodology to verify the results of dietary evaluation since underreporting affects the estimation of nutrient intake and can alter the associations between diet and diseases in epidemiological studies.
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Lozano CP, Neubig KE, Saha S, Broyles ST, Apolzan JW, Martin CK. Validity of the PortionSize application compared with that of MyFitnessPal for accurately estimating intake: a randomized crossover laboratory-based evaluation. Am J Clin Nutr 2024:S0002-9165(24)00517-3. [PMID: 38825184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PortionSize offers real-time feedback on dietary intake, including intake of MyPlate food groups but requires further evaluation on a larger sample in a laboratory-based setting. MyFitnessPal (MFP) is a commonly used commercial dietary assessment application, and to our knowledge, no known studies have evaluated MFP in a laboratory setting. OBJECTIVES The overall objective was to test the validity of PortionSize and MFP to accurately measure intake compared with that of weighed food (WB) and to compare error between applications. A secondary objective was to test usability, satisfaction, and user preference between applications. METHODS This randomized crossover study was completed between February and October 2021. Participants (N = 43) used both applications to estimate intake in a laboratory setting. Participants were provided with a preweighed plated meal and plated leftovers. Two 1-sided t tests assessed equivalence (±21% bounds) between simulated intake from PortionSize and WB, and MFP and WB. The primary outcome was energy intake, and secondary outcome measures were portion size (in grams), food groups, and other nutrients. Differences in relative absolute error, usability, satisfaction, and user preference between applications were evaluated using dependent samples t tests. Cohen d assessed effect size. RESULTS For PortionSize, energy and portion size were underestimated by 13.3% and 14.0%, respectively, and were not equivalent to WB. For MFP, energy was overestimated by 7.0%, and equivalent to WB (P = 0.04). Relative absolute error for energy did not differ between applications. For PortionSize, Cohen d was small (<0.2) for fruits, grains, protein foods, and specific nutrients. No differences were seen with usability, and the only difference for satisfaction was that participants found it easier to use MFP to find foods consumed (P = 0.019), and participants preferred using MFP (P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS PortionSize requires further updates to improve energy estimates and usability but demonstrates clinical utility for tracking food group and nutrient intake. PortionSize did not outperform MFP for measuring energy intake. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04700904 (https://classic. CLINICALTRIALS gov/ct2/show/NCT04700904).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe P Lozano
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, United States; Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Karissa E Neubig
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Sanjoy Saha
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, United States; Agriculture, Food, and Nutrition Evidence Center, Texas A&M University, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Stephanie T Broyles
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - John W Apolzan
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Corby K Martin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, United States.
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Howes EM, Laskaridou E, Davy KP, Hedrick VE. Representation of adults with class III obesity in studies assessing validity of self-reported energy intake using doubly labeled water: A systematic review. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13713. [PMID: 38348552 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
The measurement of habitual energy intake remains a challenge in nutrition research. High levels of misreporting, particularly among adults with obesity, have been observed when comparing self-reported energy intake to energy expenditure assessed via the doubly labeled water technique. Little is known about misreporting in adults with class III obesity (body mass index ≥40 kg/m2). This systematic review assessed the representation of adults with class III obesity in dietary validation studies and the validity of self-reported dietary energy intake for this group. Studies were included in this review if they: compared self-reported energy intake assessment method(s) to doubly labeled water, had participants ≥18 years old, and included participants with class III obesity. Fifteen studies met these criteria. Of those, eight included information about the number of participants with class III obesity. Out of 1784 participants across eight studies, 63 (3.5%) participants had class III obesity, compared to 9.2% of US adults with class III obesity. Six studies provided data on validity of energy intake assessment for class III obesity, with five of these showing underreporting. Participants with class III obesity are underrepresented in dietary validation studies. Future research should explore the role of weight status on dietary reporting accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica M Howes
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Eleni Laskaridou
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Kevin P Davy
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Valisa E Hedrick
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
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Stephenson BJK, Wu SM, Dominici F. Identifying dietary consumption patterns from survey data: a Bayesian nonparametric latent class model. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY. SERIES A, (STATISTICS IN SOCIETY) 2024; 187:496-512. [PMID: 38617597 PMCID: PMC11009925 DOI: 10.1093/jrsssa/qnad135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Dietary assessments provide the snapshots of population-based dietary habits. Questions remain about how generalisable those snapshots are in national survey data, where certain subgroups are sampled disproportionately. We propose a Bayesian overfitted latent class model to derive dietary patterns, accounting for survey design and sampling variability. Compared to standard approaches, our model showed improved identifiability of the true population pattern and prevalence in simulation. We focus application of this model to identify the intake patterns of adults living at or below the 130% poverty income level. Five dietary patterns were identified and characterised by reproducible code/data made available to encourage further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana J K Stephenson
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie M Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francesca Dominici
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Boulanger B, Bédard A, Carbonneau É, Pelletier L, Robitaille J, Lamarche B, Lemieux S. Social desirability, dietary intakes, and variables related to attitudes and behaviours towards eating among French-speaking adults from Quebec, Canada: The PREDISE study. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024; 49:167-178. [PMID: 37929824 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to examine how social desirability is associated with self-reported measures of dietary intakes and variables related to attitudes and behaviours towards eating. This analysis was conducted in 1083 adults (50.0% women) from the PREDISE study. Social desirability was assessed using the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR) questionnaire, which includes two subscales: (1) self-deceptive enhancement (SDE), i.e., having an overly positive self-image and (2) impression management (IM), i.e., intentional response distortion to please. BIDR total score and IM subscore were positively associated with the Canadian Healthy Eating Index (C-HEI) (ß = 0.24 and ß = 0.50; p ≤ 0.0003), calculated using data from three self-administered 24 h food recalls. All BIDR scores were positively associated with self-determined motivation for eating regulation (0.03 ≤ ß ≤ 0.06; p < 0.0001), measured by the Regulation of Eating Behavior Scale, and with the intuitive eating score (0.02 ≤ ß ≤ 0.05; p < 0.0001). Also, all BIDR scores were negatively associated with hunger and disinhibition scores measured by the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (-0.17 ≤ ß ≤ -0.09; p < 0.0001). All these associations were adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and the education level. Furthermore, controlling for both dimensions of social desirability did not impact the magnitude of the association between self-determined motivation (the strongest predictor of healthy eating in the PREDISE study) and C-HEI. According to our results, associations are observed with diet quality, as well as with attitudes and behaviours towards eating; therefore, a measurement of social desirability responding would be pertinent in studies using those or related variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Boulanger
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Alexandra Bédard
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Élise Carbonneau
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Luc Pelletier
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Vanier Hall, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Julie Robitaille
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Benoît Lamarche
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Simone Lemieux
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Howes EM, Parker MK, Misyak SA, DiFeliceantonio AG, Davy BM, Brown LEC, Hedrick VE. The Impact of Weight Bias and Stigma on the 24 h Dietary Recall Process in Adults with Overweight and Obesity: A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:191. [PMID: 38257084 PMCID: PMC10818297 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
People with overweight and obesity tend to both underreport dietary energy intake and experience weight stigma. This exploratory pilot study aimed to determine the relationship between weight bias and weight stigma and energy intake reporting accuracy. Thirty-nine weight-stable adults with BMI ≥ 25 completed three 24 h dietary recalls; indirect calorimetry to measure resting metabolic rate; a survey measuring weight stigma, psychosocial constructs, and physical activity; and a semi-structured qualitative interview. Multiple linear regression was used to determine if weight bias internalization, weight bias toward others, and experiences of weight stigma were predictive of the accuracy of energy reporting. A thematic analysis was conducted for the qualitative interviews. Weight stigma was reported by 64.1% of the sample. Weight stigma constructs did not predict the accuracy of energy intake reporting. People with obesity underreported by a mean of 477 kcals (p = 0.02). People classified as overweight overreported by a mean of 144 kcals, but this was not significant (p = 0.18). Participants reported a desire to report accurate data despite concerns about reporting socially undesirable foods. Future research should quantify the impact of weight stigma on energy reporting in 24 h recalls using a larger, more diverse sample size and objective measures like doubly labeled water for validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica M. Howes
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.K.P.); (S.A.M.); (A.G.D.); (B.M.D.); (V.E.H.)
| | - Molly K. Parker
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.K.P.); (S.A.M.); (A.G.D.); (B.M.D.); (V.E.H.)
| | - Sarah A. Misyak
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.K.P.); (S.A.M.); (A.G.D.); (B.M.D.); (V.E.H.)
| | - Alexandra G. DiFeliceantonio
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.K.P.); (S.A.M.); (A.G.D.); (B.M.D.); (V.E.H.)
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
| | - Brenda M. Davy
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.K.P.); (S.A.M.); (A.G.D.); (B.M.D.); (V.E.H.)
| | | | - Valisa E. Hedrick
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.K.P.); (S.A.M.); (A.G.D.); (B.M.D.); (V.E.H.)
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Popoola AA, Frediani JK, Hartman TJ, Paynabar K. Mitigating underreported error in food frequency questionnaire data using a supervised machine learning method and error adjustment algorithm. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2023; 23:178. [PMID: 37689645 PMCID: PMC10492312 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-023-02262-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) are one of the most useful tools for studying and understanding diet-disease relationships. However, because FFQs are self-reported data, they are susceptible to response bias, social desirability bias, and misclassification. Currently, several methods have been created to combat these issues by modelling the measurement error in diet-disease relationships. METHOD In this paper, a novel machine learning method is proposed to adjust for measurement error found in misreported data by using a random forest (RF) classifier to label the responses in the FFQ based on the input dataset and creating an algorithm that adjusts the measurement error. We demonstrate this method by addressing underreporting in selected FFQ responses. RESULT According to the results, we have high model accuracies ranging from 78% to 92% in participant collected data and 88% in simulated data. CONCLUSION This shows that our proposed method of using a RF classifier and an error adjustment algorithm is efficient to correct most of the underreported entries in the FFQ dataset and could be used independent of diet-disease models. This could help nutrition researchers and other experts to use dietary data estimated by FFQs with less measurement error and create models from the data with minimal noise.
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Huang J, He Z, Xu M, Du J, Zhao YT. Socioeconomic status may affect association of vegetable intake with risk of ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1161175. [PMID: 37599701 PMCID: PMC10436213 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1161175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies found that increasing vegetable intake benefits are reduced after adjustment for socioeconomic factors. Using genetic variation as an instrumental variable for vegetable intake and socioeconomic status, we investigated the relationship between vegetable intake and ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases and focused on whether socioeconomic status was a possible confounder. Methods From three independent genome-wide association studies, we extracted instrumental variables reflecting raw and cooked vegetable intake, which were used to perform Mendelian randomization analysis. To evaluate the effects of socioeconomic factors on vegetable intake, univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization analyses were performed using single nucleotide polymorphisms representing education attainment and household income reported in the literature. We also performed outlier assessment and a series of sensitivity analyses to confirm the results. Results Genetically predicted raw and cooked vegetable intake were not associated with any ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases and lipid components after Bonferroni correction. Univariate Mendelian randomized analysis revealed that raw vegetable intake was positively correlated with education attainment (β = 0.04, p = 0.029) and household income (β = 0.07, p < 0.001). Multivariate Mendelian randomized model showed a positive correlation between household income and raw vegetable intake (β = 0.06, p = 0.004). Socioeconomic status was closely associated with eating habits and lifestyle related to the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Conclusion Genetically determined raw and cooked vegetable intake was not associated with significant benefits in terms of ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases while genetically determined socioeconomic status may have an impact on vegetable intake. Socioeconomic status, which was closely associated with other eating habits and lifestyle, may affect the association between vegetable intake and ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiutian Huang
- Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyi He
- Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Minhui Xu
- Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianing Du
- Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-tao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
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Weissert SJ, Mikkelsen EM, Jacobsen BH, Hatch EE, Wesselink AK, Wise LA, Rothman KJ, Sørensen HT, Laursen ASD. Organic food consumption and fecundability in a preconception cohort study of Danish couples trying to conceive. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2023; 37:57-68. [PMID: 36071679 PMCID: PMC10087289 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about potential health effects of eating organic food in relation to reproduction. OBJECTIVE We examined associations between organic food consumption and fecundability. METHODS Data were derived from a preconception cohort study of Danish couples trying to conceive (SnartForaeldre.dk, SF). Participants completed a baseline questionnaire on socio-demographics, anthropometrics and lifestyle and a validated food-frequency questionnaire, which included questions on proportions of organic food consumed within six food groups. Participants were followed up with bimonthly questionnaires for up to 12 months or until pregnancy. Analyses were restricted to 2061 participants attempting pregnancy for ≤6 cycles at enrollment and 1303 with <3 cycles. Fecundability ratios (FRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by proportional probabilities regression models adjusted for potential confounders including age, lifestyle and socioeconomic factors. Associations were examined for vegetables, fruits, cereals, dairy products, eggs and meat, separately, and for the overall pattern of organic food consumption (organic sum score). RESULTS The final analytic sample comprised 2069 participants. In the full cohort, organic food consumption was not meaningfully associated with fecundability. Among participants <3 cycles of pregnancy attempt at study entry (n = 1303), the FR was 1.11 (95% CI 0.93, 1.33) for the category 'less than half', for 'more than half' the FR was 1.17 (95% CI 0.99, 1.38) and for 'almost everything' the FR was 1.12 (95% CI 0.97, 1.28). CONCLUSION Higher consumption of organic foods was not meaningfully associated with fecundability, although slightly greater fecundability was seen among participants with <3 cycles of pregnancy attempt time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sissel Jessen Weissert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ellen Margrethe Mikkelsen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bjarke H Jacobsen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Elizabeth E Hatch
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amelia K Wesselink
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Henrik T Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Sofie Dam Laursen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Santos BMC, Praxedes DRS, Silva-Junior AE, Macena MDL, Florêncio TMDMT, Bueno NB. Underreporting of energy intake is not associated with the reported consumption of NOVA-classified food groups in socially vulnerable women. NUTR BULL 2022; 47:461-472. [PMID: 36350182 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have investigated which types of food are least reported among underreporters of energy intake (EI). This study assessed the association between the underreporting of EI and the consumption report of food groups according to NOVA classification in women in social vulnerability. EI was measured through three 24-h dietary recalls administered by the research team. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was evaluated using the doubly labelled water method. The percentage of EI arising from each NOVA group food classification (unprocessed/minimally processed foods, culinary ingredients, processed foods and ultra-processed foods [UPF]) was calculated. The agreement between the EI and the TEE was assessed using the ratio EI:TEE. Associations were assessed with Pearson's correlation and multivariable linear regression, adjusted for age, education and body fat. The sample (63 women, age: 30.8 years, Body Mass Index: 27.6 kg/m2 ) reported an EI of 1849 kcal and a TEE of 2223 kcal, with a mean EI:TEE of 0.85. There were no significant correlations between the EI:TEE and the reported food intake according to NOVA classifications. Multivariable linear regression also did not show any significant associations (UPF: 8.47, 95% CI: [-3.65; 20.60] %kcal; Processed: -6.85, [-19.21; 7.71] %kcal; Culinary ingredients: 1.30 [-5.10; 7.71] %kcal; Unprocessed/minimally processed: -2.92 [-10.98; 5.13] %kcal). In conclusion, socially vulnerable women that underreport their EI do not report a lower intake of any specific group of foods according to NOVA classification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dafiny R S Praxedes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Eduardo Silva-Junior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mateus de Lima Macena
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Telma Maria de Menezes Toledo Florêncio
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nassib Bezerra Bueno
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mackenzie KM, Kerr DA, Whitton C, Talati Z, McCaffrey TA, Mullan BA. Predicting Perceived Problems in Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Recalls: A Quantitative Think-Aloud Study Comparing Automated Self-Assisted 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24 ®) and INTAKE24© in University Students. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204281. [PMID: 36296964 PMCID: PMC9607278 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Demographic and psychosocial factors concerning dietary assessment error have been explored, but few studies have investigated the perceived problems experienced when completing dietary recalls. The aim of this research was to (i) compare the perceived problems encountered in two commonly used self-administered 24-hour dietary recall (24HR) programs (INTAKE24© and ASA24®) and (ii) explore whether mindful and habitual eating are associated with perceived problems during dietary recall. A randomised quantitative crossover design and think-aloud methodology were employed. Undergraduate university students (N = 55, Mage = 25.5, SD = 8.2, 75% female) completed a food habits and mindfulness questions pre-program, one 24HR (whilst thinking aloud), and a systems usability scale post-program. A week later, they completed the other 24HR (whilst thinking aloud). During a pilot, a coding frame of perceived problems was devised to quantify participants’ perceived problems. INTAKE24© generated significantly fewer perceived problems across all categories compared to ASA24® (17.2 vs. 33.1, p < 0.001). Of the participants, 68% reported a preference for INTAKE24© over ASA24®. Hierarchical multiple regression showed that habits and systems usability were significant predictors of perceived problems for INTAKE24© only. No significant predictors were found for ASA24®. The results provide insight into perceived problems people may encounter when using 24HR tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katlyn M. Mackenzie
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Perth 6845, Australia
- Enable Institute, Curtin University, Kent Street, Perth 6845, Australia
| | - Deborah A. Kerr
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Perth 6845, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Kent Street, Perth 6845, Australia
| | - Clare Whitton
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Perth 6845, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Kent Street, Perth 6845, Australia
| | - Zenobia Talati
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Perth 6845, Australia
| | - Tracy A. McCaffrey
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Monash University, 264 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill 3168, Australia
| | - Barbara A. Mullan
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Perth 6845, Australia
- Enable Institute, Curtin University, Kent Street, Perth 6845, Australia
- Correspondence:
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12
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Wang S, Fan C, Zhu Y, Tang X, Ling L. The Obesity-Related Dietary Pattern Is Associated with Higher Risk of Sleep Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study from NHANES. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193987. [PMID: 36235640 PMCID: PMC9572699 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence on the association between dietary patterns and sleep disorders is limited and controversial. In addition, studies evaluating the effect of dietary patterns on sleep disorders have seldom considered the critical role of obesity. We aimed to explore obesity-related dietary patterns and evaluate their impact on sleep disorders using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2014. In total, 19,892 participants aged over 20 years with two-day dietary recalls were enrolled. Obesity-related dietary patterns explaining most variance in waist circumference and BMI simultaneously were extracted from twenty-six food groups by the using partial least squares method. Sleep disorder and sleep duration, which were defined by self-reported questions, were the primary and the secondary outcome, respectively. Generalized linear models were performed to estimate the association of sleep disorders and sleep duration with dietary patterns. Two types of dietary patterns were identified. The “high fats, refined grains, and meat” pattern was characterized by high intakes of solid fats, cured meat, potatoes, refined grains, meat, cheese, and added sugars. The “low whole grains, vegetables, and fruits” pattern was characterized by low intakes of oils, whole grains, nuts and seeds, milk, fruits, and several vegetables. Participants with the highest adherence to the “high fats, refined grains, and meat” pattern had a higher risk for sleep disorders (OR (95%CI): 1.43 (1.12, 1.84)) and shorter sleep duration (β (95%CI): −0.17 (−0.26, −0.08)) compared to those with the lowest adherence. The corresponding associations for the “low whole grains, vegetables, and fruits” pattern were only significant for sleep duration (β (95%CI): −0.26 (−0.37, −0.15)). Our results found that the dietary pattern characterized by high solid fats, cured meat, potatoes, refined grains, meat, cheese, and added sugars, was associated with a higher risk for sleep disorders and shorter sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanze Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chaonan Fan
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- Clinical Research Design Division, Clinical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xijia Tang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li Ling
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Clinical Research Design Division, Clinical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-87333319; Fax: +86-20-87335524
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13
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Davison KM, Araujo Almeida V, Gondara L. Lower Energy-Adjusted Nutrient Intakes Occur Among Food Energy Under-Reporters With Poor Mental Health. Front Nutr 2022; 9:833354. [PMID: 36003837 PMCID: PMC9393501 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.833354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Food energy under-reporting is differentially distributed among populations. Currently, little is known about how mental health state may affect energy-adjusted nutrient intakes among food energy under-reporters. Methods Stratified analysis of energy-adjusted nutrient intake by mental health (poor vs. good) and age/sex was conducted using data from Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) respondents (14–70 years; n = 8,233) who were deemed as under-reporters based on Goldberg's cutoffs. Results Most were experiencing good mental health (95.2%). Among those reporting poor mental health, significantly lower energy-adjusted nutrient intakes tended to be found for fiber, protein, vitamins A, B2, B3, B6, B9, B12, C, and D, and calcium, potassium, and zinc (probability measures (p) < 0.05). For women (51–70 years), all micronutrient intakes, except iron, were significantly lower among those reporting poor mental health (p < 0.05). For men (31–50 years), B vitamin and most mineral intakes, except sodium, were significantly lower among those reporting poor mental health (p < 0.05). Among women (31–50 years) who reported poor mental health, higher energy-adjusted intakes were reported for vitamin B9 and phosphorus (p < 0.05). Conclusions Among food energy under-reporters, poor mental health tends to lower the report of specific energy-adjusted nutrient intakes that include ones critical for mental health. Future research is needed to discern if these differences may be attributed to deviations in the accurate reports of food intakes, measurement errors, or mental health states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Davison
- Health Science, Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Vanessa Araujo Almeida
- College of Tropical Agriculture & Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
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14
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Tang JS, Haslam RL, Ashton LM, Fenton S, Collins CE. Gender differences in social desirability and approval biases, and associations with diet quality in young adults. Appetite 2022; 175:106035. [PMID: 35405222 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Social desirability and approval biases can influence self-report of diet, contributing to inaccurate assessment. Biases may be influenced by sex. This study examined gender differences in social desirability and approval, and diet quality in young adults, and relationships between social biases and diet quality. Data from 1003 young adults participating in the Advice, Ideas and Motivation for My Eating trial, median age 21.7 years, BMI 24.7 kg/m2 were included. Biases were measured using Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale Short-Form, Martin Larsen Approval Motivation Scale, and diet quality using the Australian Recommended Food Score. Pearson chi-square, t-test and Wilcoxon tests evaluated gender differences and Spearman's rank-order tested strengths of correlations between biases and diet quality. Social desirability did not differ by gender, however females reported higher social approval scores than males (p = 0.009). Among females, there was a positive correlation between social desirability and diet quality (p = 0.002), and between social approval and dairy sub-scale (p < 0.001); and a negative correlation between social approval and vegetable subscale (p = 0.045). Among males there were no correlations between social desirability or social approval and overall diet quality. Social approval may be more common in females and influence self-reported diet. To address bias and mis-reporting errors, future studies should account for participants' social desirability and/or social approval status, especially among young adult females. Further research is needed to explore gender differences in social desirability and approval in young adults, and associations between social biases and diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jei Sey Tang
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Rebecca L Haslam
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Lee M Ashton
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; College of Human and Social Futures, School of Education, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Sasha Fenton
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Clare E Collins
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
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15
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Oliveira PS, Levy J, Carli ED, Bensenor IJM, Lotufo PA, Pereira RA, Yokoo EM, Sichieri R, Crispim SP, Marchioni DML. Estimation of underreporting of energy intake using different methods in a subsample of the ELSA-Brasil study. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2022; 38:e00249821. [PMID: 35894363 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xen249821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Existing methods for assessing food consumption are subject to measurement errors, especially the underreporting of energy intake, characterized by reporting energy intake below the minimum necessary to maintain body weight. This study aimed to compare the identification of energy intake underreporters using different predictive equations and instruments to collect dietary data. The study was conducted with 101 selected participants in the third wave of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) at the University Hospital of the University of São Paulo. For the dietary assessment, we applied a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), two 24-hour diet recall (24hR) using the GloboDiet software, and two 24hR using the Brasil-Nutri software. The energy intake underreport obtained from the FFQ was 13%, 16%, and 1% using the equations proposed by Goldberg et al. (1991), Black (2000), and McCrory et al. (2002), respectively. With these same equations, the 24hR described an underreport of 9.9%, 14.9%, and 0.9% respectively with the GloboDiet software and 14.7%, 15.8%, and 1.1% respectively with the Brasil-Nutri software. We verified a low prevalence of underreported energy intake among the three self-report-based dietary data collection methods (FFQ, 24hR with GloboDiet, and Brasil-Nutri). Though no statistically significant differences were found among three methods, the equations for each method differed among them. The agreement of energy intake between the methods was very similar, but the best was between GloboDiet and Brasil-Nutri.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jéssica Levy
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Eduardo De Carli
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | | | - Rosangela Alves Pereira
- Departamento de Nutrição Social e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Edna Massae Yokoo
- Centro de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brasil
| | - Rosely Sichieri
- Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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16
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Leiter E, Greenberg KL, Donchin M, Keidar O, Siemiatycki S, Zwas DR. Cardiovascular disease risk factors and health behaviors of ultra-Orthodox Jewish women in Israel: a comparison study. ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2022; 27:1031-1046. [PMID: 33249884 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2020.1849567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Women from low socio-economic, culturally insular populations are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The ultra-Orthodox Jewish (UOJ) community in Israel is a rapidly growing low socio-economic, insular, cultural-ethnic minority with numerous obstacles to health. The current cross-sectional study investigates CVD-related health behaviors and risk factors in a sample of UOJ females, comparing sample characteristics with the general population. Design: Self-administered questionnaires completed by a cluster randomized sample of 239 UOJ women included demographics, CVD-related health behaviors (consumption of fruit, vegetables, and sweetened beverages; hours of sleep; secondhand smoke exposure; and physical activity engagement) and risk factors (BMI, reported diagnoses of diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease). Results: Compared with the general population, UOJ women were less likely to consume 5 fruits and vegetables a day (12.7% vs. 24.3%, p < .001); more likely to consume ≥ 5 cups of sweetened beverages a week (18.6% vs. 12.6%, p = .019), and more likely to sleep <7 hours a night (62.0% vs. 50.6%, p = .002). UOJ women also reported less secondhand smoke exposure (7.2% vs. 51.4%, p < .001) and higher rates of physical activity recommendation adherence (60.1% vs. 25.6%, p < .0001) than the general population. Obesity was higher in UOJ women (24.3% vs. 16.1%, p < .0001). Increased parity and reduced moderate physical activity were associated with increased BMI. Increased parity was also associated with reduced sleep. Grand multiparous women (a 68% prevalence rate), in particular, were more likely to be overweight or obese than women with less than 5 children. Conclusions: This study suggests that health promotion interventions in this population target healthy weight maintenance, nutrition, and physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisheva Leiter
- Linda Joy Pollin Cardiovascular Wellness Center for Women, Cardiology Department, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Keren L Greenberg
- Linda Joy Pollin Cardiovascular Wellness Center for Women, Cardiology Department, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Milka Donchin
- Linda Joy Pollin Cardiovascular Wellness Center for Women, Cardiology Department, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University, Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Osnat Keidar
- Linda Joy Pollin Cardiovascular Wellness Center for Women, Cardiology Department, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University, Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sara Siemiatycki
- Bishvilaych, The Evelyne Barnett Women's Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Donna R Zwas
- Linda Joy Pollin Cardiovascular Wellness Center for Women, Cardiology Department, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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17
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Underreporting of Energy Intake Increases over Pregnancy: An Intensive Longitudinal Study of Women with Overweight and Obesity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112326. [PMID: 35684126 PMCID: PMC9183022 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Energy intake (EI) underreporting is a widespread problem of great relevance to public health, yet is poorly described among pregnant women. This study aimed to describe and predict error in self-reported EI across pregnancy among women with overweight or obesity. (2) Methods: Participants were from the Healthy Mom Zone study, an adaptive intervention to regulate gestational weight gain (GWG) tested in a feasibility RCT and followed women (n = 21) with body mass index (BMI) ≥25 from 8−12 weeks to ~36 weeks gestation. Mobile health technology was used to measure daily weight (Wi-Fi Smart Scale), physical activity (activity monitor), and self-reported EI (MyFitnessPal App). Estimated EI was back-calculated daily from measured weight and physical activity data. Associations between underreporting and gestational age, demographics, pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG, perceived stress, and eating behaviors were tested. (3) Results: On average, women were 30.7 years old and primiparous (62%); reporting error was −38% ± 26 (range: −134% (underreporting) to 97% (overreporting)), representing an ~1134 kcal daily underestimation of EI (1404 observations). Estimated (back-calculated), but not self-reported, EI increased across gestation (p < 0.0001). Higher pre-pregnancy BMI (p = 0.01) and weekly GWG (p = 0.0007) was associated with greater underreporting. Underreporting was lower when participants reported higher stress (p = 0.02) and emotional eating (p < 0.0001) compared with their own average. (4) Conclusions: These findings suggest systemic underreporting in pregnant women with elevated BMI using a popular mobile app to monitor diet. Advances in technology that allow estimation of EI from weight and physical activity data may provide more accurate dietary self-monitoring during pregnancy.
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18
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Whitton C, Healy JD, Dhaliwal SS, Shoneye C, Harray AJ, Mullan BA, McVeigh JA, Boushey CJ, Kerr DA. Demographic and psychosocial correlates of measurement error and reactivity bias in a four-day image-based mobile food record among adults with overweight and obesity. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-39. [PMID: 35587722 PMCID: PMC9899562 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522001532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Improving dietary reporting among people living with obesity is challenging as many factors influence reporting accuracy. Reactive reporting may occur in response to dietary recording but little is known about how image-based methods influence this process. Using a 4-day image-based mobile food record (mFRTM), this study aimed to identify demographic and psychosocial correlates of measurement error and reactivity bias, among adults with BMI 25-40kg/m2. Participants (n=155, aged 18-65y) completed psychosocial questionnaires, and kept a 4-day mFRTM. Energy expenditure (EE) was estimated using ≥4 days of hip-worn accelerometer data, and energy intake (EI) was measured using mFRTM. Energy intake: energy expenditure ratios were calculated, and participants in the highest tertile were considered to have Plausible Intakes. Negative changes in EI according to regression slopes indicated Reactive Reporting. Mean EI was 72% (SD=21) of estimated EE. Among participants with Plausible Intakes, mean EI was 96% (SD=13) of estimated EE. Higher BMI (OR 0.81, 95%CI 0.72-0.92) and greater need for social approval (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.10-0.96), were associated with lower likelihood of Plausible Intakes. Estimated EI decreased by 3% per day of recording (IQR -14%,6%) among all participants. The EI of Reactive Reporters (n=52) decreased by 17%/day (IQR -23%,-13%). A history of weight loss (>10kg) (OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.5-7.8), and higher percentage of daily energy from protein (OR 1.1, 95%CI 1.0-1.2) were associated with greater odds of Reactive Reporting. Identification of reactivity to measurement, as well as Plausible Intakes, is recommended in community-dwelling studies to highlight and address sources of bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Whitton
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, GPO Box U1987, Perth6845, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Kent Street, GPO Box U1987, Perth6845, Australia
| | - Janelle D. Healy
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, GPO Box U1987, Perth6845, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Kent Street, GPO Box U1987, Perth6845, Australia
| | - Satvinder S. Dhaliwal
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Kent Street, GPO Box U1987, Perth6845, Australia
- Singapore University of Social Sciences, 463 Clementi Road, 599494, Singapore
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, 8 College Rd, Singapore169857, Singapore
| | - Charlene Shoneye
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, GPO Box U1987, Perth6845, Australia
| | - Amelia J. Harray
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, GPO Box U1987, Perth6845, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, 15 Hospital Ave, Nedlands, WA6009, Australia
| | - Barbara A. Mullan
- Enable Institute, Curtin University, Kent Street, GPO Box U1987, Perth6845, Australia
| | - Joanne A. McVeigh
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, GPO Box U1987, Perth6845, Australia
- Movement Physiology Laboratory, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Carol J. Boushey
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Deborah A. Kerr
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, GPO Box U1987, Perth6845, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Kent Street, GPO Box U1987, Perth6845, Australia
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19
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Doan N, Olstad DL, Vanderlee L, Hammond D, Wallace M, Kirkpatrick SI. Investigating the Intersections of Racial Identity and Perceived Income Adequacy in Relation to Dietary Quality Among Adults in Canada. J Nutr 2022; 152:67S-75S. [PMID: 35544238 PMCID: PMC9188862 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structural racism and economic marginalization shape dietary patterns in complex ways. Most research examining race and income inequities discount their interactions in shaping dietary intakes. An intersectional approach is needed to identify interconnected sources of social inequities and to more precisely locate dietary inequities. OBJECTIVES We examined whether racial identity and perceived income adequacy independently and jointly shape dietary quality, defined using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2015, among a large sample of adults in Canada. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 2540 adults (≥18 years of age) in Canada who participated in the 2019 International Food Policy Study were analyzed. Multivariable linear regression models were executed to test the independent associations and interactions between racial identity and perceived income adequacy with HEI-2015 scores. Models were constructed to examine HEI-2015 total and component scores, adjusting for age, gender, and education. RESULTS Perceived income adequacy, but not racial identity, was independently associated with HEI-2015 total scores. The interaction between racial identity and perceived income adequacy was significantly associated with HEI-2015 scores. Compared to the reference group (individuals identifying as White and reporting income adequacy), those identifying as Black and reporting income adequacy were associated with lower HEI-2015 scores (β, -7.30; 95% CI, -13.07 to -1.54) and those identifying as Black and reporting income inadequacy were associated with lower HEI-2015 scores (β, -6.37; 95% CI, -12.13 to -0.60). Individuals who identified as indigenous and reported neither income adequacy nor inadequacy had lower HEI-2015 scores (β, -8.50; 95% CI, -13.82 to -3.18) compared to the reference group. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that racial identity and perceived income adequacy jointly shape dietary quality. Inequities in dietary quality may be missed when intersecting racial identities and socioeconomic positions are not explicitly investigated. To support healthier dietary patterns, strategies must reduce socioeconomic barriers that impose dietary constraints on some racialized groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dana Lee Olstad
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Lana Vanderlee
- École de Nutrition, Centre Nutrition, santé et société (Centre NUTRISS), and Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - David Hammond
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Michael Wallace
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
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20
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King BM. The Influence of Social Desirability on Sexual Behavior Surveys: A Review. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2022; 51:1495-1501. [PMID: 35142972 PMCID: PMC8917098 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-02197-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Research in fields for which self-reported behaviors can be compared with factual data reveals that misreporting is pervasive and often extreme. The degree of misreporting is correlated with the level of social desirability, i.e., the need to respond in a culturally appropriate manner. People who are influenced by social desirability tend to over-report culturally desired behaviors and under-report undesired behaviors. This paper reviews socially desirable responding in sexual behavior research. Given the very private nature of the sexual activity, sex researchers generally lack a gold standard by which to compare self-reported sexual behaviors and have relied on the anonymity of participants as the methodology to assure honest answers on sexual behavior surveys. However, indirect evidence indicates that under-reporting (e.g., of a number of sexual partners, receptive anal intercourse, condom use) is common. Among the general population, several studies have now reported that even with anonymous responding, there are significant correlations between a variety of self-reported sexual behaviors (e.g., use of condoms, sexual fantasies, exposure to pornography, penis size) and social desirability, with evidence that extreme under- or over-reporting is as common as is found in other fields. When asking highly sensitive questions, sex researchers should always include a measure of social desirability and take that into account when analyzing their results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce M King
- Department of Psychology, 418 Brackett Hall, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
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21
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Caldwell AE, Purcell SA, Gray B, Smieja H, Catenacci VA. The impact of yoga on components of energy balance in adults with overweight or obesity: A systematic review. Obes Sci Pract 2022; 8:219-232. [PMID: 35388342 PMCID: PMC8976548 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Yoga may reduce body weight in individuals with overweight or obesity, but whether this occurs through decreased energy intake (EI) or increased energy expenditure (EE)/physical activity (PA) is unclear. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and PsychINFO was conducted from inception until April 26, 2021. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials or single‐arm pre‐post studies with any type and duration of yoga intervention in adults with overweight or obesity. Studies with measures related to EI , EE, or PA were eligible. The review initially identified 1,373 articles. Results Of the 10 included studies, one used indirect calorimeter measures of resting EE, while nine used self‐reported measures of EI and PA. Of the seven studies measuring parameters related to EI, only one found greater decreases in EI relative to the control group, although three other investigations reported trends toward improved dietary intake. Of the eight studies measuring PA, two reported greater increases in resting EE or PA in the yoga group relative to the control group. Two reported significant within‐group increases in PA from pre‐post intervention, and four studies reported a trend for increased PA with no p‐values reported. Conclusions Limited evidence suggests yoga may reduce EI and increase PA in adults with overweight or obesity. Additional studies that investigate the effects of yoga interventions on energy balance parameters using objective techniques are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann E. Caldwell
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes School of Medicine University of Colorado – Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center School of Medicine University of Colorado – Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Sarah A. Purcell
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes School of Medicine University of Colorado – Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center School of Medicine University of Colorado – Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Bethany Gray
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center School of Medicine University of Colorado – Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Hailey Smieja
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center School of Medicine University of Colorado – Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Victoria A. Catenacci
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes School of Medicine University of Colorado – Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center School of Medicine University of Colorado – Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA
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Waterworth SP, Kerr CJ, McManus CJ, Costello R, Sandercock GRH. Obese individuals do not underreport dietary intake to a greater extent than nonobese individuals when data are allometrically‐scaled. Am J Hum Biol 2022; 34:e23743. [PMID: 35257435 PMCID: PMC9286371 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to assess the extent of misreporting in obese and nonobese adults on an absolute, ratio‐scaled, and allometrically‐scaled basis. Method Self‐reported daily energy intake (EI) was compared with total energy expenditure (TEE) in 221 adults (106 male, 115 female; age 53 ± 17 years, stature 1.68 ± 0.09 m, mass 79.8 ± 17.2 kg) who participated in a doubly‐labeled water (DLW) subsection of 2013–2015 National Diet and Nutrition Survey. Data were log transformed and expressed as absolute values, according to simple ratio‐standards (per kg body mass) and adjusted for body mass allometrically. Absolute and ratio‐scaled misreporting were examined using full‐factorial General Linear Models with repeated measures of the natural logarithms of TEE or EI as the within‐subjects factor. The natural logarithm of body mass was included as a covariate in the allometric method. The categorical variables of gender, age, obesity, and physical activity level (PAL) were the between‐factor variables. Results On an absolute‐basis, self‐reported EI (2759 ± 590 kcal·d−1) was significantly lower than TEE measured by DLW (2759 ± 590 kcal·d−1: F1,205 = 598.81, p < .001, ηp2 =0.75). We identified significantly greater underreporting in individuals with an obese BMI (F1,205 = 29.01, p <.001, ηp2 =0.12), in more active individuals (PAL > 1.75; F1,205 = 34.15, p <.001, ηp2 =0.14) and in younger individuals (≤55 years; F1,205 = 14.82, p < .001, ηp2 =0.07), which are all categories with higher energy needs. Ratio‐scaling data reduced the effect sizes. Allometric‐scaling removed the effect of body mass (F1,205 =0.02, p = 0.887, ηp2 =0.00). Conclusion In weight‐stable adults, obese individuals do not underreport dietary intake to a greater extent than nonobese individuals. These results contradict previous research demonstrating that obesity is associated with a greater degree of underreporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally P. Waterworth
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation, and Exercise Sciences University of Essex Essex UK
| | - Catherine J. Kerr
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation, and Exercise Sciences University of Essex Essex UK
| | | | - Rianne Costello
- Oxford Brookes Centre for Nutrition and Health Oxford Brookes University Oxford UK
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23
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Turck D, Bohn T, Castenmiller J, de Henauw S, Hirsch‐Ernst KI, Knutsen HK, Maciuk A, Mangelsdorf I, McArdle HJ, Naska A, Peláez C, Pentieva K, Siani A, Thies F, Tsabouri S, Adan R, Emmett P, Galli C, Kersting M, Moynihan P, Tappy L, Ciccolallo L, de Sesmaisons‐Lecarré A, Fabiani L, Horvath Z, Martino L, Muñoz Guajardo I, Valtueña Martínez S, Vinceti M. Tolerable upper intake level for dietary sugars. EFSA J 2022; 20:e07074. [PMID: 35251356 PMCID: PMC8884083 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Following a request from five European Nordic countries, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was tasked to provide scientific advice on a tolerable upper intake level (UL) or a safe level of intake for dietary (total/added/free) sugars based on available data on chronic metabolic diseases, pregnancy-related endpoints and dental caries. Specific sugar types (fructose) and sources of sugars were also addressed. The intake of dietary sugars is a well-established hazard in relation to dental caries in humans. Based on a systematic review of the literature, prospective cohort studies do not support a positive relationship between the intake of dietary sugars, in isocaloric exchange with other macronutrients, and any of the chronic metabolic diseases or pregnancy-related endpoints assessed. Based on randomised control trials on surrogate disease endpoints, there is evidence for a positive and causal relationship between the intake of added/free sugars and risk of some chronic metabolic diseases: The level of certainty is moderate for obesity and dyslipidaemia (> 50-75% probability), low for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes (> 15-50% probability) and very low for hypertension (0-15% probability). Health effects of added vs. free sugars could not be compared. A level of sugars intake at which the risk of dental caries/chronic metabolic diseases is not increased could not be identified over the range of observed intakes, and thus, a UL or a safe level of intake could not be set. Based on available data and related uncertainties, the intake of added and free sugars should be as low as possible in the context of a nutritionally adequate diet. Decreasing the intake of added and free sugars would decrease the intake of total sugars to a similar extent. This opinion can assist EU Member States in setting national goals/recommendations.
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24
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Paradis F, Lamarche B, Robitaille J, Couillard C, Lafrenière J, Tremblay AJ, Corneau L, Lemieux S. Validation of an automated self-administered 24-hour dietary recall web application against urinary recovery biomarkers in a sample of French-speaking adults of the province of Québec, Canada. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2022; 47:173-182. [PMID: 35057638 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to validate an automated self-administered 24-hour dietary recall web application (R24W) against recovery biomarkers for sodium, potassium and protein intakes and to identify individual characteristics associated with misreporting in a sample of 61 men and 69 women aged 20-65 years from Québec City, Canada. Each participant completed 3 dietary recalls using the R24W, provided two 24-hour urinary samples and completed questionnaires to document psychosocial factors. Mean reported intakes were 2.2%, 2.1% and 5.0% lower than the urinary reference values, respectively, for sodium, potassium and proteins (significant difference for proteins only (p = 0.04)). Deattenuated correlations between the self-reported intake and biomarkers were significant for sodium (r = 0.48), potassium (r = 0.56) and proteins (r = 0.68). Cross-classification showed that 39.7% (sodium), 42.9% (potassium) and 42.1% (proteins) of participants were ranked into the same quartile with both methods and only 4.8% (sodium), 3.2% (potassium) and 0.8% (proteins) were ranked in opposite quartiles. Lower body esteem related to appearance was associated with sodium underreporting in women (r = 0.33, p = 0.006). No other individual factor was found to be associated with misreporting. These results suggest that the R24W has a good validity for the assessment of sodium, potassium and protein intakes in a sample of French-speaking adults. Novelty: The validity of an automated self-administered 24-hour dietary recall web application named the R24W was tested using urinary biomarkers. According to 7 criteria, the R24W was found to have a good validity to assess self-reported intakes of sodium, potassium and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédérique Paradis
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.,École de nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Benoît Lamarche
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.,École de nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Julie Robitaille
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.,École de nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Charles Couillard
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.,École de nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jacynthe Lafrenière
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - André J Tremblay
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Louise Corneau
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Simone Lemieux
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.,École de nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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25
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Whitton C, Healy JD, Collins CE, Mullan B, Rollo ME, Dhaliwal SS, Norman R, Boushey CJ, Delp EJ, Zhu F, McCaffrey TA, Kirkpatrick SI, Atyeo P, Mukhtar SA, Wright JL, Ramos-García C, Pollard CM, Kerr DA. Accuracy and Cost-effectiveness of Technology-Assisted Dietary Assessment Comparing the Automated Self-administered Dietary Assessment Tool, Intake24, and an Image-Assisted Mobile Food Record 24-Hour Recall Relative to Observed Intake: Protocol for a Randomized Crossover Feeding Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e32891. [PMID: 34924357 PMCID: PMC8726032 DOI: 10.2196/32891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The assessment of dietary intake underpins population nutrition surveillance and nutritional epidemiology and is essential to inform effective public health policies and programs. Technological advances in dietary assessment that use images and automated methods have the potential to improve accuracy, respondent burden, and cost; however, they need to be evaluated to inform large-scale use. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy, acceptability, and cost-effectiveness of 3 technology-assisted 24-hour dietary recall (24HR) methods relative to observed intake across 3 meals. METHODS Using a controlled feeding study design, 24HR data collected using 3 methods will be obtained for comparison with observed intake. A total of 150 healthy adults, aged 18 to 70 years, will be recruited and will complete web-based demographic and psychosocial questionnaires and cognitive tests. Participants will attend a university study center on 3 separate days to consume breakfast, lunch, and dinner, with unobtrusive documentation of the foods and beverages consumed and their amounts. Following each feeding day, participants will complete a 24HR process using 1 of 3 methods: the Automated Self-Administered Dietary Assessment Tool, Intake24, or the Image-Assisted mobile Food Record 24-Hour Recall. The sequence of the 3 methods will be randomized, with each participant exposed to each method approximately 1 week apart. Acceptability and the preferred 24HR method will be assessed using a questionnaire. Estimates of energy, nutrient, and food group intake and portion sizes from each 24HR method will be compared with the observed intake for each day. Linear mixed models will be used, with 24HR method and method order as fixed effects, to assess differences in the 24HR methods. Reporting bias will be assessed by examining the ratios of reported 24HR intake to observed intake. Food and beverage omission and intrusion rates will be calculated, and differences by 24HR method will be assessed using chi-square tests. Psychosocial, demographic, and cognitive factors associated with energy misestimation will be evaluated using chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression. The financial costs, time costs, and cost-effectiveness of each 24HR method will be assessed and compared using repeated measures analysis of variance tests. RESULTS Participant recruitment commenced in March 2021 and is planned to be completed by the end of 2021. CONCLUSIONS This protocol outlines the methodology of a study that will evaluate the accuracy, acceptability, and cost-effectiveness of 3 technology-enabled dietary assessment methods. This will inform the selection of dietary assessment methods in future studies on nutrition surveillance and epidemiology. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12621000209897; https://tinyurl.com/2p9fpf2s. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/32891.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Whitton
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Janelle D Healy
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Clare E Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Barbara Mullan
- Enable Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Megan E Rollo
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Satvinder S Dhaliwal
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Richard Norman
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Enable Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Carol J Boushey
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Edward J Delp
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Fengqing Zhu
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Tracy A McCaffrey
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Paul Atyeo
- Health Section, Health and Disability Branch, Australian Bureau of Statistics, Canberra, Australia
| | - Syed Aqif Mukhtar
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Janine L Wright
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - César Ramos-García
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Division of Health Sciences, Tonalá University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Christina M Pollard
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Enable Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Deborah A Kerr
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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26
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Kanellakis S, Sidiropoulou S, Apostolidou E, Skoufas E, Bountouvi E, Prelorentzou T, Manios Y. Association of dietary intake underreporting with body image perception. CLINICAL NUTRITION OPEN SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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27
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Tal A, Gvili Y, Amar M. Visual Size Matters: The Effect of Product Depiction Size on Calorie Estimates. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312392. [PMID: 34886118 PMCID: PMC8656775 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Consumers' calorie estimates are often biased and inaccurate. Even the presence of relevant nutritional information may not suffice to prevent consumer biases in calorie estimation. The current work demonstrates across two studies that visual cues given by larger product depictions lead to increased calorie estimates. Further, it demonstrates that these effects occur even when consumers are given, and notice, information about product quantity. The findings thus shed light on a novel biasing effect on consumer calorie evaluation, and, more generally, the findings provide evidence for the importance of visual inputs over textual ones in consumers' nutritional assessment of food products. In this, the current research provides insights relevant to helping nutritional literacy via awareness of biasing influences on caloric assessment. In the same manner, the research also provides insights that may assist the regulator protecting consumers by highlighting factors biasing nutritional assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aner Tal
- School of Business, College of Law and Business, Ramat Gan 52573, Israel;
| | - Yaniv Gvili
- School of Business Administration, Ono Academic College (OAC), Kiryat Ono 55000, Israel;
- Correspondence:
| | - Moty Amar
- School of Business Administration, Ono Academic College (OAC), Kiryat Ono 55000, Israel;
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28
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Tal A. Wanting More, Seeing Less: Hunger Reduces Calorie Evaluations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312270. [PMID: 34885996 PMCID: PMC8656885 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Calorie estimates play an important role in the regulation of food consumption. Lower calorie estimates contribute to increased consumption, and consequently increase the risk of obesity. The current work presents a novel contribution demonstrating the biasing effect of hunger on calorie evaluations. Study 1 (N = 70) was a field study, where participants visiting a cafeteria estimated calories in four baked goods, with measures taken of their hunger level and their having had lunch. Study 2 was a lab study, where half of the participants (N = 65) fasted for five hours prior to the study, and then estimated calories in three baked goods. Study 1 found lower calorie estimations by hungry participants (M = 255.52, SD = 112.55) relative to lower hunger participants (M = 311.94, SD = 135.85): F(1, 67) = 6.07, p = 0.02. In study 2, the average estimated calories was lower for fasting participants (M = 253.11, SD = 126.13) than for non-fasting participants (M = 301.75, SD = 145.26). The studies demonstrate that motivations generated by physical state (hunger) alter calorie evaluations. This finding is surprising given that motivation generally leads to estimating more of a desired quantity. The study also presents a novel domain of biases in calorie estimation. This reduction in calorie estimates due to hunger may occur if calories are assessed relative to needs, or serve to allow people to justify increased food consumption. Accounting for such biases, particularly in cases of low nutrition literacy, is important in order to reduce the overeating that may be generated by calorie estimation biases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aner Tal
- College of Law and Business, Ramat Gan 52573, Israel
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29
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Castellanos-Gutiérrez A, Rodríguez-Ramírez S, Bromage S, Fung TT, Li Y, Bhupathiraju SN, Deitchler M, Willett W, Batis C. Performance of the Global Diet Quality Score with Nutrition and Health Outcomes in Mexico with 24-h Recall and FFQ Data. J Nutr 2021; 151:143S-151S. [PMID: 34689195 PMCID: PMC8542100 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) is intended as a simple global diet quality metric feasible in low- and middle-income countries facing the double burden of malnutrition. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the GDQS with markers of nutrient adequacy and chronic disease in nonpregnant nonlactating (NPNL) Mexican women of reproductive age and to compare it with the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) and the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W). METHODS We included NPNL women aged 15 to 49 y from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Surveys (2012 and 2016) with 24-h recall (n = 2542) or a FFQ (n = 4975) (separate samples). We evaluated the correlation of the GDQS with the energy-adjusted intake of several nutrients and evaluated its association with health parameters using covariate-adjusted linear regression models. RESULTS The GDQS was positively correlated with the intake of calcium, folate, iron, vitamin A, vitamin B-12, zinc, fiber, protein, and total fat (rho = 0.09 to 0.38, P < 0.05) and was inversely correlated with the intake of added sugar (rho = -0.37 and -0.38, P < 0.05) using both instruments, and with total fat, SFA, and MUFA only with 24-h recall data (rho = -0.06 to -0.16, P < 0.05). The GDQS was inversely associated with serum ferritin, BMI, waist circumference, and serum total and LDL cholesterol using FFQ data (P < 0.05), and was positively associated with serum folate using 24-h recall data (P < 0.05). Similar correlations and associations were observed with the MDD-W (only with micronutrients) and the AHEI-2010 (only with chronic disease-related nutrients and health markers). CONCLUSIONS In comparison to other diet metrics, the GDQS can capture both dimensions of nutrient adequacy and health markers related to the risk of chronic disease. The performance of the GDQS was satisfactory with either 24-h recall or FFQ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonia Rodríguez-Ramírez
- Health and Nutrition Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Sabri Bromage
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Teresa T Fung
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Simmons University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yanping Li
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Megan Deitchler
- Intake – Center for Dietary Assessment, FHI Solutions, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Walter Willett
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carolina Batis
- CONACYT—Health and Nutrition Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
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30
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Shaver JH, White TAJ, Vakaoti P, Lang M. A comparison of self-report, systematic observation and third-party judgments of church attendance in a rural Fijian Village. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257160. [PMID: 34613999 PMCID: PMC8494351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Social desirability reporting leads to over estimations of church attendance. To date, researchers have treated over-reporting of church attendance as a general phenomenon, and have been unable to determine the demographic correlates of inaccuracy in these self-reports. By comparing over eight months of observational data on church attendance (n = 48 services) to self-report in a rural Fijian village, we find that 1) self-report does not reliably predict observed attendance, 2) women with two or more children (≥ 2) are more likely to over-report their attendance than women with fewer children (≤ 1), and 3) self-report of religiosity more reliably predicts observed church attendance than does self-report of church attendance. Further, we find that third-party judgements of church attendance by fellow villagers are more reliably associated with observed church attendance than self-report. Our findings suggest that researchers interested in estimating behavioral variation, particularly in domains susceptible to social desirability effects, should consider developing and employing third-party methods to mitigate biases inherent to self-report.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H. Shaver
- Religion Programme, School of Social Sciences, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
- Centre for Research on Evolution, Belief and Behaviour, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | - Thomas A. J. White
- Religion Programme, School of Social Sciences, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Patrick Vakaoti
- Sociology Programme, School of Social Sciences, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Martin Lang
- Laboratory for the Experimental Research of Religion (LEVYNA), Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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Yáñez F, Soler Z, Oliero M, Xie Z, Oyarzun I, Serrano-Gómez G, Manichanh C. Integrating Dietary Data into Microbiome Studies: A Step Forward for Nutri-Metaomics. Nutrients 2021; 13:2978. [PMID: 34578856 PMCID: PMC8468122 DOI: 10.3390/nu13092978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is recognised as the main driver of changes in gut microbiota. However, linking habitual dietary intake to microbiome composition and activity remains a challenge, leaving most microbiome studies with little or no dietary information. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted two consecutive studies (n = 84: a first pilot study (n = 40) to build a web-based, semi-quantitative simplified FFQ (sFFQ) based on three 24-h dietary recalls (24HRs); a second study (n = 44) served to validate the newly developed sFFQ using three 24HRs as reference method and to relate gut microbiome profiling (16S rRNA gene) with the extracted dietary and lifestyle data. Relative validation analysis provided acceptable classification and agreement for 13 out of 24 (54%) food groups and 20 out of 29 nutrients (69%) based on intraclass correlation coefficient, cross-classification, Spearman's correlation, Wilcoxon test, and Bland-Altman. Microbiome analysis showed that higher diversity was positively associated with age, vaginal birth, and intake of fruit. In contrast, microbial diversity was negatively associated with BMI, processed meats, ready-to-eat meals, sodium, and saturated fat. Our analysis also revealed a correlation between food groups or nutrients and microbial composition. Overall, we provide the first dietary assessment tool to be validated and correlated with microbiome data for population studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Yáñez
- Gut Microbiome Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zaida Soler
- Gut Microbiome Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manon Oliero
- Gut Microbiome Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zixuan Xie
- Gut Microbiome Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iñigo Oyarzun
- Gut Microbiome Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerard Serrano-Gómez
- Gut Microbiome Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chaysavanh Manichanh
- Gut Microbiome Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Gut Microbiome Group, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Identification of psychological correlates of dietary misreporting under laboratory and free-living environments. Br J Nutr 2021; 126:264-275. [PMID: 33028428 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452000389x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Errors inherent in self-reported measures of energy intake (EI) are substantial and well documented, but correlates of misreporting remain unclear. Therefore, potential predictors of misreporting were examined. In Study One, fifty-nine individuals (BMI = 26·1 (sd 3·8) kg/m2, age = 42·7 (sd 13·6) years, females = 29) completed a 14-d stay in a residential feeding behaviour suite where eating behaviour was continuously monitored. In Study Two, 182 individuals (BMI = 25·7 (sd 3·9) kg/m2, age = 42·4 (sd 12·2) years, females = 96) completed two consecutive days in a residential feeding suite and five consecutive days at home. Misreporting was directly quantified by comparing covertly measured laboratory weighed intakes (LWI) with self-reported EI (weighed dietary record (WDR), 24-h recall, 7-d diet history, FFQ). Personal (age, sex and %body fat) and psychological traits (personality, social desirability, body image, intelligence quotient and eating behaviour) were used as predictors of misreporting. In Study One, those with lower psychoticism (P = 0·009), openness to experience (P = 0·006) and higher agreeableness (P = 0·038) reduced EI on days participants knew EI was being measured to a greater extent than on covert days. Isolated associations existed between personality traits (psychoticism and openness to experience), eating behaviour (emotional eating) and differences between the LWI and self-reported EI, but these were inconsistent between dietary assessment techniques and typically became non-significant after accounting for multiplicity of comparisons. In Study Two, sex was associated with differences between LWI and the WDR (P = 0·009), 24-h recall (P = 0·002) and diet history (P = 0·050) in the laboratory, but not home environment. Personal and psychological correlates of misreporting identified displayed no clear pattern across studies or dietary assessment techniques and had little utility in predicting misreporting.
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Rossato SL, Fuchs SC. Diet Data Collected Using 48-h Dietary Recall: Within-and Between-Person Variation. Front Nutr 2021; 8:667031. [PMID: 34295916 PMCID: PMC8290322 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.667031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Forty-eight-hour dietary recall is a valuable source of information regarding food consumption in a population-based sample. This method covers 2 consecutive days in a single interview. Nevertheless, the number of assessments and the sample size necessary to estimate usual intake are unknown. We aimed to assess sources of variation, sample sizes, and numbers of days necessary to estimate usual nutrient intake using the 48-h dietary recall. Methods: This was a population-based cross-sectional study including 237 participants, 11–90 years old, selected using multistage probabilistic sampling to obtain data using 48-h dietary recall. Analysis of variance was used to calculate within- and between-person variation and determine the statistical parameters necessary to calculate sample size and the number of days required to calculate the usual energy and nutrient intake. Results: Within-person variation was generally lower than between-person variation, except for calcium (CVw2 = 40.8; CVb2 = 38.4%), magnesium (CVw2 = 27.4; CVb2 = 18.7%), and monounsaturated fat (CVw2 = 20.0; CVb2 = 17.3%) for the entire group and magnesium for women (CVw2 = 28.3; CVb2 = 91.8%). The number of days and sample size required to determine usual energy and nutrient intake varied substantially with gender and age (e.g., vitamin C in women N = 9, in men N = 1,641). Conclusions: Energy and nutrient intake assessment using the 48-h dietary recall misrepresents within-person variation but can generate acceptable results for between-person variation. The calculation of sample size and number of days required to determine usual energy and nutrient intake might have been affected by inadequate assessment of the within-person variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinara Laurini Rossato
- Postgraduate Programs in Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.,Graduation Course of Collective Health, Institute of Geography, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Sandra Costa Fuchs
- Postgraduate Programs in Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,PREVER National Institute of Science and Technology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Govindaraju T, McCaffrey TA, McNeil JJ, Reid CM, Smith BJ, Campbell DJ, Owen AJ. Mis-reporting of energy intake among older Australian adults: Prevalence, characteristics, and associations with quality of life. Nutrition 2021; 90:111259. [PMID: 33975061 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mis-reporting is common in dietary assessment, leading to misinterpretation of disease risk and could be important in older adults with increased chronic disease risk. This study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of mis-reporting among older adults and its association with health outcomes including quality of life (QoL). METHODS The study was conducted in 335 community-dwelling older adults at increased risk for cardiovascular disease, participating in the SCReening Evaluation of the Evolution of New Heart Failure Study dietary substudy. Diet was assessed using 4-day weighed food diaries, QoL measured through Short Form 36, and physical activity assessed using the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition physical activity questionnaire. Dietary mis-reporting was defined based on Goldberg cutoffs, using individual physical activity levels. Odds ratios were determined to establish associations between mis-reporting and health outcomes. RESULTS The prevalence of mis-reporting among older adults was 49.3%, with 44.5% of women mis-reporting their energy intake. The study found under-reporting of energy to be associated with body mass index, specifically being overweight (odds ratio: 3.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54-6.15) and obese (odds ratio: 6.60; 95% CI, 3.05-4.26), as well as physical inactivity (odds ratio: 0.24; 95% CI, 0.14-0.43). Only physical inactivity predicted over-reporting of dietary intake (odds ratio: 7.52; 95% CI, 1.57-36.0). CONCLUSIONS Dietary under-reporting was associated with being overweight, obese, and physically inactive in addition to the absence of comorbidities, reinforcing the need for further research in older adults to factor in dietary mis-reporting for meaningful diet-disease relationship analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thara Govindaraju
- Monash University, School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tracy A McCaffrey
- Monash University, Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John J McNeil
- Monash University, School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christopher M Reid
- Monash University, School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Australia; Curtin University, School of Public Health, Perth, Australia
| | - Ben J Smith
- Monash University, School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Sydney, Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Duncan J Campbell
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia; St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alice J Owen
- Monash University, School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Australia.
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Validation of a six-item dietary calcium screening tool among HIV patients in China. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:4786-4795. [PMID: 33820577 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021001427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with HIV are at increased risk for osteoporosis. A healthy diet with adequate Ca is recommended to promote bone health. However, lengthy nutritional assessments pose barriers to routine screenings in clinical practice. This study aimed to examine the validity and reproducibility of a six-item dietary Ca screening tool among Chinese individuals with HIV. DESIGN We conducted a two time-point study in an outpatient setting. Volunteers self-administered the six-item tool upon enrolment and again at 1-month follow-up. At baseline, participants also completed a validated FFQ and surveys regarding demographic and clinical risk factors. SETTING Beijing, China; Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. PARTICIPANTS Upon enrolment, 127 individuals with HIV participated in the study, of whom 83 completed the follow-up screening. RESULTS Mean age of participants was 35·2 (sd 9·3) years, average BMI was 22·8 (sd 3·8) kg/m2 and 89 % were men. Among the participants, 54·7 % reported Ca intake less than 800 mg/d. The six-item tool demonstrated fair-to-moderate relative validity with a correlation of 0·39 and 75·7 % of subjects classified in same/adjacent quartiles as the reference, and moderate-to-good reproducibility with a correlation of 0·60 and 83·1 % of subjects classified in same/adjacent quartiles. Finally, receiver operating characteristic analyses yielded a sensitivity of 87·0 % and a specificity of 39·4 % with optimised cut-off level. CONCLUSIONS The six-item tool presented adequate validity and reproducibility to identify individuals with low Ca intake among the target population, providing a convenient instrument for categorising Ca intake in clinical practice, prompting referrals for further assessment, and raising awareness of dietary Ca in bone disease prevention.
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36
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An objective measure of energy intake using the principle of energy balance. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:725-732. [PMID: 33479453 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00738-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The measurement of energy intake is central to the understanding of energy balance and predicting changes in body weight. Until recently, the most commonly used methods of assessing intake were self-reported diet recalls, diet diaries, or food-frequency questionnaires. These methods, however, are subject to systematic biases and are often inaccurate. AIM Review the validations and applications of an expenditure/balance method for measuring energy intake. METHODS Review the literature regarding the theory and practice of objectively measuring energy intake based on the principle of energy balance i.e., energy intake is calculated from the measured total energy expenditure plus the change in body energy stores (ES). The attainable precision is modeled and compared with the accuracy and precision of validations against known energy intake. RESULTS Measurement of energy intake, calculated in this way, is accurate to within 2% and has a precision of 4-37% depending on the expenditure and body composition methods used and the time interval between measures. Applications of this expenditure/balance (EB) method have provided novel data on the compliance to dietary restriction and its association with physical activity interventions, and the effects of bariatric surgery on energy intake and weight gain. Practical limitations to this method, however, include cost and limited access to the analyses required by the DLW method. CONCLUSION The EB method of objectively measuring energy intake is objective, accurate, and reasonably precise. It is practical for moderate-sized studies.
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Motoki K, Saito T, Suzuki S, Sugiura M. Evaluation of energy density and macronutrients after extremely brief time exposure. Appetite 2021; 162:105143. [PMID: 33561497 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Many food decisions are made rapidly and without reflective processing. The ability to determine nutritional information accurately is a precursor of food decisions and is important for a healthy diet and weight management. However, little is known about the cognitive evaluation of food attributes based on visual information in relation to assessing nutritional content. We investigated the accuracy of visual encoding of nutritional information after brief and extended time exposures to food images. The following questions were addressed: (1) how accurately do people estimate energy and macronutrients after brief exposure to food images, and (2) how does estimation accuracy change with time exposure and the type of nutritional information? Participants were first asked to rate the energy density (calories) and macronutrient content (carbohydrates/fat/protein) of different sets of food images under three time conditions (97, 500 or 1000 ms) and then asked to perform the task with no time constraints. We calculated estimation accuracy by computing the correlations between estimated and actual nutritional information for each time exposure and compared estimation accuracy with respect to the type of nutritional information and the exposure time. The estimated and actual energy densities and individual macronutrient content were significantly correlated, even after a brief exposure time (97 ms). The degree of accuracy of the estimations did not differ with additional time exposure, suggesting that <100 ms was sufficient to predict the energy and macronutrients from food images. Additionally, carbohydrate estimates were less accurate than the estimates of other nutritional variables (proteins, fat and calories), regardless of the exposure time. These results revealed rapid and accurate assessment of food attributes based on visual information and the accuracy of visual encoding of nutritional information after brief and extended time exposure to food imagery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Motoki
- Department of Food Science and Business, Miyagi University, Sendai, Japan; Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Toshiki Saito
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Suzuki
- Brain, Mind and Markets Laboratory, Department of Finance, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Motoaki Sugiura
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Siritharan SS, Henry A, Gow ML, Roberts LM, Yao A, Ojurovic M, O'Sullivan AJ. Maternal macro- and micronutrient intake six months after hypertensive versus normotensive pregnancy: is poor diet quality contributing to future cardiometabolic disease risk? Pregnancy Hypertens 2021; 23:196-204. [PMID: 33515976 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertensive pregnancy is associated with increased long-term cardiometabolic disease risk. Assessing dietary intake patterns after hypertensive (HP) versus normotensive pregnancy (NP) may provide insights into the mechanism of this risk. METHODS This study was a prospective sub-study of the P4 (Postpartum, Physiology, Psychology and Paediatrics) cohort. Women were studied six months after NP versus HP (preeclampsia or gestational hypertension). Dietary energy, macronutrient and micronutrient intake were measured using a three-day food diary (FoodWorks™) and assessed against Australian and New Zealand Nutrient Reference Values to determine nutritional adequacy. Comparisons between breastfeeding and non-breastfeeding women were assessed, and linear regression modelling (using hypertensive status, breastfeeding status, and demographic/pregnancy variables) performed to assess predictors of energy intake. RESULTS Seventy-four women (60 NP, 14 HP) were included. HP women had higher mean body mass index (p = 0.02) and lower breastfeeding rates (29% HP versus 83% NP, p < 0.001) compared to NP women. Twenty-four-hour energy intake and total fat intake were 17% and 20% lower after HP respectively. Nutrient deficiencies were prevalent across all participants, however more HP women had inadequate magnesium, calcium and phosphorus intake. Breastfeeding women had significantly increased energy (17%), carbohydrate (15%) and total fat intake (21%), and increased vitamin A, vitamin E, riboflavin, magnesium and iron intake compared to non-breastfeeding women. HP and breastfeeding status were independent predictors of energy intake. CONCLUSIONS HP women had lower micronutrient intake and greater prevalence of nutritional inadequacy compared to NP women, reflecting poorer diet quality and potentially contributing to future increased cardiometabolic disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Siritharan
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, Level 1 Royal Hospital for Women, Barker Street, NSW 2031, Australia.
| | - A Henry
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, Level 1 Royal Hospital for Women, Barker Street, NSW 2031, Australia; Department of Women's and Children's Health, St George Hospital - Prichard Wing Level 1, Gray Street, Kogarah, NSW 2217, Australia; Global Women's Health Program, The George Institute for Global Health, Level 5/1 King Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia
| | - M L Gow
- The University of Sydney Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Corner Hawkesbury Road and Hainsworth Street, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - L M Roberts
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, St George Hospital - Prichard Wing Level 1, Gray Street, Kogarah, NSW 2217, Australia; St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Short Street, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW 2217, Australia; Faculty of Health - University of Technology Sydney, 235 Jones Street, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - A Yao
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, Level 1 Royal Hospital for Women, Barker Street, NSW 2031, Australia; Department of Endocrinology, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW 2217, Australia
| | - M Ojurovic
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, Level 1 Royal Hospital for Women, Barker Street, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - A J O'Sullivan
- St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Short Street, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW 2217, Australia; Department of Endocrinology, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW 2217, Australia
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Yoshii K, Kojima M, Kusunoki T, Suzuki T, Taniguchi H, Harada K, Higashi A. Negative Association in Reported Dietary Energy Intake and Physique in Japanese Schoolchildren. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2021; 66:545-552. [PMID: 33390396 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.66.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Appropriate dietary assessment and health education are necessary for children to achieve a healthy physique. To explore the relationship between habitual reported dietary energy intake (EI) and physique in elementary schoolchildren by sex and age, we conducted a longitudinal study, in the fiscal year 2011, that included all elementary schools in Omihachiman City, Shiga Prefecture, Japan. The study lasted for four consecutive years, ending in fiscal year 2014, and included 545 7-y-old schoolchildren in the target city. The subjects completed a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire with their guardians. The results of the study demonstrated a negative relationship between energy intake and the estimated energy requirement ratio and body mass index percentile values for both 7-, 9-, and 10-y-old boys and 7- to 10-y-old girls. These results suggest that there is a need to keep in consideration the under-reporting of obese children and over-reporting of lean children for dietary energy evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Yoshii
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics in Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Mihoko Kojima
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University.,EX-Shiga Prefectural Institute of Public Health
| | - Takashi Kusunoki
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga Medical Center for Children.,Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Taro Suzuki
- Department of Food and Agriculture Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ryukoku University
| | - Hirokazu Taniguchi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
| | - Kiyomi Harada
- School of Nursing, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Akane Higashi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
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Impact of body mass index and age on the relative accuracy of self-reported energy intakes among Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetol Int 2020; 11:360-367. [PMID: 33088643 DOI: 10.1007/s13340-020-00430-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Dietary questionnaires have been used to ascertain food or nutritional intakes in many studies; however, the extent and characteristics of measurement errors in patients with diabetes have not been examined. This study examined the measurement errors from self-reported dietary history questionnaires (DHQ) in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Fifty-nine patients with T2D underwent a 24-h urine collection and 3-day dietary record (DR), and completed the DHQ. Intakes of energy, protein, sodium, and potassium were calculated from the DHQ. The estimated energy intake was calculated from the DR, and estimated intakes of protein, sodium, and potassium were determined from the 24-h urine samples. Energy intake values from the DHQ were lower than those from the DR by 12.5% in men and by 14.6% in women, which was significant only in men. In women, protein intake values from the DHQ were 19% higher than those from the 24-h urine. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that energy intake ratio (DHQ/DR) was significantly negatively associated with body mass index (BMI) in both sexes and significantly positively associated with age only in women (all p < 0.05). Protein intake ratio (DHQ/24-h urine) was positively associated with duration of diabetes only in men (p < 0.05); however, this relation disappeared in the multivariable model. No factors showed association with sodium or potassium intake ratio. The DHQ showed under-reporting of energy intake by approximately 15% in Japanese patients with T2D. This was associated with obesity in both sexes and with younger age in women.
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Energy misreporting is more prevalent for those of lower socio-economic status and is associated with lower reported intake of discretionary foods. Br J Nutr 2020; 125:1291-1298. [PMID: 32943124 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520003621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The role of socio-economic status (SES) on the misreporting of food and energy intakes is not well understood with disagreement in the literature. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between low energy reporting, dietary quality and SES in a representative sample of adults. Dietary data were collected using 2 d of 24-h recalls for 6114 adults aged 19 years and over, participating in the Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 2011-2012. Low energy reporters (LER) and plausible reporters (PR) were identified. Discretionary food intake was used as a proxy indicator of diet quality. SES was determined using area-level SES and educational attainment. Regression analysis was applied to examine the effects of LER and SES on diet quality, adjusting for potential confounders. LER was more common in populations of lower SES than higher SES (area-level OR 1·46 (95 % CI 1·06, 2·00); education OR 1·64 (95 % CI 1·28, 2·09). LER and SES were independently associated with diet quality, with LER reporting lower percentage energy from discretionary foods compared with PR (27·4 v. 34·2, P < 0·001), and those of lower area-level SES and education reporting lower diet quality compared with those of higher SES (33·7 v. 31·2, P < 0·001; and 33·5 v. 29·6, P < 0·001, respectively). No interaction effect was found between LER and SES, indicating percentage energy in discretionary foods was not differentially misreported across the SES areas (0·3078) or education (P = 0·7078). In conclusion, LER and higher SES were associated with better diet quality.
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Jústiz AM, Landry MJ, Asigbee FM, Ghaddar R, Jeans MR, Davis JN. Associations between Child and Parent Knowledge of Added Sugar Recommendations and Added Sugar Intake in Multiethnic Elementary-Aged Children. Curr Dev Nutr 2020; 4:nzaa140. [PMID: 32923924 PMCID: PMC7475003 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A key goal of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020 is to reduce added sugar intake by increasing public knowledge about added sugars. However, research has not shown if knowledge of added sugar recommendations is associated with intake. OBJECTIVES To determine the relation between parent and child knowledge of added sugar recommendations with added sugar intake in primarily low-income and Hispanic third- to fifth-grade students. METHODS Analysis examined baseline, cross-sectional data from TX Sprouts, a 1-y cooking, gardening, and nutrition clustered randomized controlled trial. Participants were 685 parent-child dyads from 16 elementary schools in the greater Austin area. Parents and children completed a survey to assess knowledge of added sugar recommendations. Children completed two 24-h dietary recalls to assess average intake of added sugars. Mixed effects linear regression models were used to estimate associations between child and parent knowledge of added sugar recommendations and average total added sugar intake. RESULTS Children who correctly identified the added sugar recommendation consumed lower amounts of added sugar compared with children who did not correctly identify the recommendation (34.8 ± 2.7 compared with 41.0 ± 2.5 g; P = 0.003), after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. Parent knowledge of added sugar recommendations was not associated with child intake. CONCLUSIONS Child knowledge of added sugar recommendations was associated with lower intake of added sugars. Findings suggest that child nutrition education should focus on increasing knowledge of national recommendations. Future research should investigate a causal relation between added sugar knowledge and intake in elementary-aged children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Jústiz
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Matthew J Landry
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Fiona M Asigbee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Reem Ghaddar
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Matthew R Jeans
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jaimie N Davis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Brassard D, Laramée C, Robitaille J, Lemieux S, Lamarche B. Differences in Population-Based Dietary Intake Estimates Obtained From an Interviewer-Administered and a Self-Administered Web-Based 24-h Recall. Front Nutr 2020; 7:137. [PMID: 32984397 PMCID: PMC7481356 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Web-based instruments are being increasingly used in nutrition epidemiology and surveillance. However, the extent to which dietary intake estimates derived from web-based 24-h recalls such as the R24W are consistent with data derived from more traditional interviewer-administered 24-h recalls (TRAD) remains uncertain. Our objective was to compare dietary intake estimates obtained using the R24W and a TRAD instrument in population-based samples from the province of Québec in Canada. This comparison of dietary assessment methods was based on data from two sample survey studies in adults (18–65 years). The R24W was used in a sample of 1,147 French-speaking adults from five regions of Québec as part of the PREDISE (PRÉDicteurs Individuels, Sociaux et Environnementaux) study. The TRAD was used in a sample of 875 French-speaking adults from the Canadian Community Health Survey 2015 located in the same five regions. Characteristics of both samples were matched through selection and weighting (language, sex, age, region, education, body mass index, weekend day, and season of survey). Mean and usual intake data of each sample were compared. The plausibility of reported energy intakes was compared using predictive equations of the Institute of Medicine. Mean servings/day from the R24W were higher than with TRAD for vegetables and fruit (+11%, P = 0.003), grain products (+7%, P = 0.06), milk and alternatives (+21%, P < 0.001), and meat and alternatives (+18%, P = 0.001). Intake of low nutritive value foods was also 28% higher with the R24W than with TRAD (mean difference +164 kcal; 95% CI, 107–222). As a result, total energy intakes from the R24W compared with TRAD were 18% higher in women (mean difference +325 kcal; 95% CI, 243–407) and 15% higher in men (mean difference +361 kcal; 95% CI 232–490). The prevalence of underreporting of energy intakes was 10% lower with the R24W than with TRAD (prevalence ratio 0.90; 95% CI, 0.86–0.94). In conclusion, differences between dietary assessment methods in the context of population-based surveys on nutrition have potentially important consequences on the quality of the data and should be carefully considered in future surveys and surveillance strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Brassard
- Centre de Recherche FRQ-S Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine Laramée
- Centre de Recherche FRQ-S Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Robitaille
- Centre de Recherche FRQ-S Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Simone Lemieux
- Centre de Recherche FRQ-S Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Benoît Lamarche
- Centre de Recherche FRQ-S Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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do Nascimento AG, Grassi T, Reischak de Oliveira A, Steemburgo T. Under-reporting of the energy intake in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Hum Nutr Diet 2020; 34:73-80. [PMID: 32789957 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), an accurate assessment of food intake is essential for clinical nutritional management. Tools such as the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and 24-h food record (24HR) identify dietary habits in support of dietary planning. However, it is possible that these tools have reporting errors with respect to assessing food intake, particularly energy intake (EI). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with type 2 DM. EI was assessed by the FFQ and 24HR tools. Resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured by indirect calorimetry. Data were analysed using a kappa test, t-test and Spearman's correlation coefficients. Under-reporting was assessed using the EI/REE ratio. Patients with values <1.18 and <1.10 for FFQ and 24HR, respectively, were considered as under-reporting. RESULTS We evaluated 55 patients [mean (SD) 62.7 (5.3) years old, duration of diabetes 11.2 (7.3) years, 52.7% female]. The mean (SD) EI assessed by FFQ was 1797.7 (641.3) and as assessed by 24HR was 1624 (484.8) kcal day-1 . The mean (SD) REE was 1641.3 (322.3) kcal day-1 . The mean (SD) ratios FFQ/REE and 24HR/REE were 1.11 (0.38) and 1.01 (0.30), respectively. The tools showed a moderate agreement for under-reporting of EI (kappa = 0.404; P = 0.003). Moderate and positive correlations between REE were observed with FFQ (r = 0.321; P = 0.017) and 24HR (r = 0.364; P = 0.006). According to the tools, the under-reporting was observed in approximately 65% of patients. CONCLUSIONS The majority of patients with type 2 DM under-reported their calorie intake, as assessed by FFQ and 24HR. REE showed a positive correlation with both tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G do Nascimento
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - T Grassi
- Posgraduate Program in Food, Nutrition, and Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - A Reischak de Oliveira
- School of Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - T Steemburgo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Posgraduate Program in Food, Nutrition, and Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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45
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King BM. Average-Size Erect Penis: Fiction, Fact, and the Need for Counseling. JOURNAL OF SEX & MARITAL THERAPY 2020; 47:80-89. [PMID: 32666897 DOI: 10.1080/0092623x.2020.1787279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Most men believe that the average length of an erect penis is greater than 6 inches (15.24 cm). This belief is due, in part, to several often-cited studies that relied on self-reported measurements, with means of about 6.2 inches (15.75 cm) for heterosexual men and even greater for gay men. These studies suffered from both volunteer bias and social desirability bias. In this review, the combined mean for 10 studies in which researchers took measurements of erect penises was 5.36 inches (13.61 cm; n = 1,629). For 21 studies in which researchers measured stretched penises, the mean was approximately 5.11 inches (12.98 cm; n = 13,719). Based on these studies, the average length of an erect penis is between 5.1 and 5.5 inches (12.95-13.97 cm), but after taking volunteer bias into account, it is probably toward the lower end of this range. Studies show that a majority of men wish they were larger, with some choosing penile lengthening surgery. These surgeries are considered by the American Urological Association to be risky. Most men seeking surgery have normal sized penises. Counseling with factual information about penis size might be effective in alleviating concerns for the majority of men who worry about having a small penis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce M King
- Department of Psychology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
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46
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Cowan AE, Higgins KA, Fisher JO, Tripicchio GL, Mattes RD, Zou P, Bailey RL. Examination of different definitions of snacking frequency and associations with weight status among U.S. adults. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234355. [PMID: 32555712 PMCID: PMC7299329 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Snacks, while widely consumed in the United States (U.S.), do not have a standard definition, complicating research to understand associations, if any, with weight status. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the association between snacking frequency and weight status using various snacking definitions that exist in the scientific literature among U.S. adults (NHANES 2013–2016; ≥20y n = 9,711). Four event-based snacking definitions were operationalized including participant-defined snacks, eating events outside of meals, and operationally defined snacks based on absolute thresholds of energy consumed (>50 kcal). Weight status was examined using body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and sagittal abdominal diameter risk. Logistic regression models examined snacking frequency and associations with weight status. Outcomes varied by the definition of a snack employed, but the majority of findings were null. Mean energy from snacks was significantly higher among women with obesity compared to women with normal weight when a snack was defined as any event outside of a typical mealtime (i.e. other than breakfast, lunch, dinner, super, brunch), regardless of whether or not it contributed ≥50 kcal. Further investigation into ingestive behaviors that may influence the relationship between snacking frequency and weight status is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E. Cowan
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Kelly A. Higgins
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Center for Chemical Regulation and Food Safety, Exponent, Inc., Washington, DC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jennifer O. Fisher
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Gina L. Tripicchio
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Richard D. Mattes
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Peishan Zou
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Regan L. Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
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47
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Korth AL, Bhutani S, Neuhouser ML, Beresford SA, Snetselaar L, Tinker LF, Schoeller DA. Comparison of Methods Used to Correct Self-Reported Protein Intake for Systematic Variation in Reported Energy Intake Using Quantitative Biomarkers of Dietary Intake. J Nutr 2020; 150:1330-1336. [PMID: 32030414 PMCID: PMC7198304 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple methods of correcting nutrient intake for misreported energy intake have been proposed but have not been extensively compared. The availability of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) data set, which includes several objective recovery biomarkers, offers an opportunity to compare these corrections with respect to protein intake. OBJECTIVE We compared 5 energy-correction methods for self-reported dietary protein against urinary nitrogen-derived protein intake. METHODS As part of the WHI Nutritional Biomarkers Study (NBS) 544 participants (50- to 80-y-old women) completed a FFQ and biomarker assessments using doubly labeled water (DLW) for total energy expenditure (TEE) and 24-h urinary nitrogen. Correction methods evaluated were as follows: 1) DLW-TEE; 2) the Institute of Medicine's (IOM's) estimated energy requirement (EER) TEE prediction equation based on sex, height, weight, and age; 3) published NBS total energy TEE prediction (WHI-NBS-TEE) using age, BMI, race, and income; 4) reported protein versus reported energy linear regression-based residual method; and 5) a Goldberg cutoff to exclude subjects reporting energy intakes <1.35 times their basal metabolic rate. Efficacy was evaluated using correlations obtained by regressing corrected protein against biomarker protein (6.25 × urinary nitrogen/0.81). RESULTS Unadjusted self-reported protein intake from the FFQ (mean = 66.7 g) correlated weakly (r = 0.31) with biomarker protein (mean = 74.9 g). DLW-TEE-corrected self-reported protein intake (mean = 90.7 g) had the strongest correlation with biomarker protein (r = 0.47). Other energy corrections yielded lower, but still significant correlations: EER, r = 0.44 (mean = 92.1 g); WHI-NBS-TEE, r = 0.37 (mean = 90.4 g); Goldberg cutoff, r = 0.36 (mean = 88.4 g); and residual method, r = 0.35 (mean = 66.7 g). CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that proportional correction of reported protein intake using a measure of energy requirement from DLW-TEE or IOM-EER performed modestly better than other methods in this cohort. These energy adjustments, however, yielded corrected protein exceeding the biomarker protein, indicating that energy adjustment alone does not eliminate all self-reported protein reporting bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Korth
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Surabhi Bhutani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Linda Snetselaar
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Lesley F Tinker
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dale A Schoeller
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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Asigbee FM, Davis JN, Markowitz AK, Landry MJ, Vandyousefi S, Ghaddar R, Ranjit N, Warren J, van den Berg A. The Association Between Child Cooking Involvement in Food Preparation and Fruit and Vegetable Intake in a Hispanic Youth Population. Curr Dev Nutr 2020; 4:nzaa028. [PMID: 32258989 PMCID: PMC7108796 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cooking interventions have been linked to reductions in obesity and improvements in dietary intake in children. OBJECTIVE To assess whether child cooking involvement (CCI) was associated with fruit intake (FI), vegetable intake (VI), vegetable preference (VP), and vegetable exposure (VE) in children participating in the Texas, Grow! Eat! Go! (TGEG) randomized controlled trial. METHODS Baseline data from TGEG included 1231 3rd grade students and their parents. Conducted in 28 low-income, primarily Hispanic schools across Texas, TGEG schools were assigned to: 1) Coordinated School Health (CSH) only (control group), 2) CSH plus gardening and nutrition intervention (Learn, Grow, Eat & Go! or LGEG group), 3) CSH plus physical activity intervention (Walk Across Texas or WAT group), and 4) CSH plus LGEG plus WAT (combined group). Height, weight, dietary intake, VE, VP, and CCI were collected at baseline and postintervention. Linear regressions were used to assess the relation between baseline CCI and fruit and vegetable (FV) intake, VE, and VP. A priori covariates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, and TGEG treatment group. RESULTS Children who were always involved in family cooking had higher VP and VE when compared with children who were never involved in family cooking (β = 3.26; 95% CI: 1.67, 4.86; P < 0.01 and β = 2.26; 95% CI: 0.67, 3.85; P < 0.01, respectively). Both VI and FI were higher for children who were always involved in family cooking compared with children who never cooked with their family (β = 2.45; 95% CI: 1.47, 3.44; P < 0.01 and β = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.48, 1.39; P < 0.01, respectively). VI and fruit consumption were higher for children who reported being sometimes involved in family cooking compared with children who were never involved in family cooking, (β = 1.47; 95% CI: 0.51, 2.42; P < 0.01, and β = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.20, 1.08; P < 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Results show a positive relation between family cooking and FV intake and preference in high-risk, minority children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona M Asigbee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jaimie N Davis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Annie K Markowitz
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Matthew J Landry
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sarvenaz Vandyousefi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Reem Ghaddar
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Nalini Ranjit
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living—Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHEALTH), Austin Campus, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Judith Warren
- Texas AgriLife Extension Service, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Alexandra van den Berg
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living—Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHEALTH), Austin Campus, Austin, TX, USA
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Niarchou M, Byrne EM, Trzaskowski M, Sidorenko J, Kemper KE, McGrath JJ, O' Donovan MC, Owen MJ, Wray NR. Genome-wide association study of dietary intake in the UK biobank study and its associations with schizophrenia and other traits. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:51. [PMID: 32066663 PMCID: PMC7026164 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-0688-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivated by observational studies that report associations between schizophrenia and traits, such as poor diet, increased body mass index and metabolic disease, we investigated the genetic contribution to dietary intake in a sample of 335,576 individuals from the UK Biobank study. A principal component analysis applied to diet question item responses generated two components: Diet Component 1 (DC1) represented a meat-related diet and Diet Component 2 (DC2) a fish and plant-related diet. Genome-wide association analysis identified 29 independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with DC1 and 63 SNPs with DC2. Estimated from over 35,000 3rd-degree relative pairs that are unlikely to share close family environments, heritabilities for both DC1 and DC2 were 0.16 (standard error (s.e.) = 0.05). SNP-based heritability was 0.06 (s.e. = 0.003) for DC1 and 0.08 (s.e = 0.004) for DC2. We estimated significant genetic correlations between both DCs and schizophrenia, and several other traits. Mendelian randomisation analyses indicated a negative uni-directional relationship between liability to schizophrenia and tendency towards selecting a meat-based diet (which could be direct or via unidentified correlated variables), but a bi-directional relationship between liability to schizophrenia and tendency towards selecting a fish and plant-based diet consistent with genetic pleiotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Niarchou
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.
| | - Enda M Byrne
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Julia Sidorenko
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Esthonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kathryn E Kemper
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - John J McGrath
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, QLD, Australia
- National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michael C O' Donovan
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael J Owen
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Naomi R Wray
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Husøy T, Andreassen M, Hjertholm H, Carlsen MH, Norberg N, Sprong C, Papadopoulou E, Sakhi AK, Sabaredzovic A, Dirven HAAM. The Norwegian biomonitoring study from the EU project EuroMix: Levels of phenols and phthalates in 24-hour urine samples and exposure sources from food and personal care products. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 132:105103. [PMID: 31470218 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to multiple chemicals occurs daily through several routes; diet, inhalation and dermal contact. Real-life exposure assessment is needed to understand the risk. Therefore, a human biomonitoring (BM) study was performed to examine the plausibility of source-to-dose calculations for chemical mixtures in the Horizon 2020 EuroMix project. OBJECTIVES To provide a detailed description of the design of the EuroMix BM study, and to present the initial results for urinary phenols and phthalates and to describe their exposure determinants from foods and personal care products (PCPs). METHOD Adults (44 males and 100 females) kept detailed diaries on their food consumption, PCP use and handling of cash receipts. Urine samples were collected over the same 24-hour period. Urinary levels of four parabens, five bisphenols, oxybenzone/benzophenone-3 (OXBE), triclosan (TCS), triclocarban (TCC) and metabolites of eight phthalates and 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH) were analysed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariable linear regressions were performed between PCPs/food categories and each dependent chemical variable separately, and were only sex-stratified when an interactions between sex and the independent variable was significant. RESULTS The detection rate for the metabolites of phthalates and DINCH, and bisphenol A (BPA) and TCS in urine was 88-100%, while bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF) were only found in 29% and 4% of the urine samples, respectively. Bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol AF (BPAF) and TCC were not detected. Food groups associated with phenol exposure were meat, bread, beverages and butter and oil. Food determinants for phthalate exposure were sweets, butter and oil, fruit and berries and other foods. The only positive association between the use of PCPs and phenols was found between BPA and lip gloss/balm. Phthalate exposure was associated with the use of shower gel, hand cream (females), toothpaste, anti-wrinkle cream (females) and shaving products (males). CONCLUSION The participants in the EuroMix BM study were exposed to a mixture of phenols and phthalates. A variety of food categories and PCPs were found to be possible sources of these chemicals. This indicates a complex pattern of exposure to numerous chemicals from multiple sources, depending on individual diet and PCP preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Husøy
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
| | - M Andreassen
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, 0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - H Hjertholm
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, 0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - M H Carlsen
- University of Oslo, Institute for Basic Medical Science, Department of Nutrition, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - N Norberg
- University of Oslo, Institute for Basic Medical Science, Department of Nutrition, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - C Sprong
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3720 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - E Papadopoulou
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, 0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - A K Sakhi
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, 0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - A Sabaredzovic
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, 0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - H A A M Dirven
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, 0403 Oslo, Norway
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