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Danielewicz AL, Marra A, Tringali G, Micheli RD, Abbruzzese L, Fanari P, Codecasa F, Lazzer S, Mendonça VA, Lacerda ACR, de Avelar NCP, Sartorio A. Analysis of sarcopenic obesity prevalence and diagnostic agreement according to the 2022 ESPEN and EASO Consensus in hospitalized older adults with severe obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1366229. [PMID: 38966224 PMCID: PMC11222587 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1366229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a clinical disorder characterized by increased adiposity and decreased muscle mass and function, commonly observed in older adults. However, most of the studies that investigated SO prevalence rates were not based on current standardized diagnostic methods. Thus, this study aims to estimate the prevalence rates of SO and their level of agreement using different instruments proposed by the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) Consensus, in a sample of hospitalized older adults with severe obesity. Methods A cross-sectional study with 90 older adults (≥ 60 years) with severe obesity (body mass index ≥ 35 kg/m/²) seeking an in-hospital multidisciplinary body weight reduction program. Skeletal muscle function was assessed using the five-repetition Sit-Stand test (5-SSt) and Handgrip Strength (HGS). Body composition was evaluated by high percentages of fat mass (FM), low appendicular lean mass (ALM/W), and skeletal muscle mass (SMM/W), adjusted to body weight. The stage of SO was assessed on the presence of at least one comorbidity and specific cut-offs were adopted for each step. All analyses were performed according to gender and age range. Results The prevalence rates of SO in the total sample were 23.3%, 25.5%, 31.1%, and 40.0% considering altered values of 5-SSt+FM+ALM/W, HGS+FM+ALM/W, 5-SSt+FMSSM/W, and HGS+FM+SSM/W, respectively. Higher prevalence rates were observed among female and old elderly subgroups, regardless of the diagnostic combination. There were weak agreements between the muscle function tests (5-SSt versus HGS) using both muscle mass indexes in the total sample and all subgroups. Moderate agreements were observed between muscle mass indexes (SMM/W versus ALM/W) in the total sample, male and younger older adults (using 5-SSt), and strong agreements for men and younger older adults (using HGS). Conclusion The discrepancies observed between the prevalence rates and their levels of agreement reinforce the need for new studies in similar populations aiming for better standardization of SO assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lúcia Danielewicz
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Verbania, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Alice Marra
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Verbania, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tringali
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Verbania, Italy
| | - Roberta De Micheli
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Verbania, Italy
| | - Laura Abbruzzese
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Division of Eating and Nutrition Disorders, Verbania, Italy
| | - Paolo Fanari
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Division of Pneumological Rehabilitation, Verbania, Italy
| | - Franco Codecasa
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Division of Pneumological Rehabilitation, Verbania, Italy
| | - Stefano Lazzer
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- School of Sport Science, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Vanessa Amaral Mendonça
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Rodrigues Lacerda
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Núbia Carelli Pereira de Avelar
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Sartorio
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Verbania, Italy
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Wu YY, Gao YY, Wang JQ, Zhang C, Xu PJ, Liu J, Yu RZ, Zhang HJ. The influence of mindfulness meditation combined with progressive muscle relaxation training on the clinical efficacy and quality of life of patients with sarcopenia receiving haemodialysis: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:194. [PMID: 38760722 PMCID: PMC11100145 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04485-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of mindfulness meditation combined with progressive muscle relaxation training on the clinical efficacy and quality of life in patients with sarcopenia receiving maintenance haemodialysis (MHD). METHODS Eligible patients with sarcopenia in our hospital were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 24) and an intervention group (n = 25). The control group received conventional dialysis treatment, while the intervention group underwent mindfulness meditation combined with progressive muscle relaxation training during the interdialysis period in addition to conventional dialysis treatment. The effect of the intervention was evaluated after 12 weeks. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the baseline values of various parameters between the two groups. Exercise capacity (sit-to-stand test,handgrip,time to 10 sit-ups) significantly improved in the intervention group after 12 weeks (32.68 ± 8.32 vs 26.50 ± 6.83; 37.42 ± 10.12 vs 28.12 ± 8.51; 19.8 ± 5.40 vs 25.29 ± 7.18) (p < 0.05). In terms of the kidney disease quality of life (KDQOLTM) score, all other dimensions except sexual function, social functioning, burden of kidney disease and work status dimensions showed significant improvement compared to the baseline (p < 0.05). In the control group, only the dialysis staff encouragement (DSE) and patient satisfaction (PS) dimensions showed slight improvements compared to the baseline (p > 0.05). When compared with the control group, the intervention group showed significant improvements in 10 dimensions of exercise capacity and KDQOLTM scores for physical function, role-physical, general health, energy, symptom/problem list, sleep, DSE, pain, cognitive function, emotional well-being and patient PS after 12 weeks (61.30 ± 5.38 vs 42.98 ± 5.73; 57.50 ± 3.55 vs 50.70 ± 3.62) (p < 0.05). Some inflammatory markers, such as the levels of interleukin-6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (30.29 ± 2.96 vs 17.65 ± 3.22; 8.93 ± 0.99 vs 3.02 ± 0.34), showed a decrease during the intervention, while albumin and prealbumin levels were significantly increased compared with the baseline (30.62 ± 1.65 vs 35.60 ± 1.68; 0.32 ± 0.05 vs 0.44 ± 0.07) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Combined intervention training can improve the motor ability and quality of life of patients with sarcopenia within a short period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Yao Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, No. 1111 Jiangnan Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, 315099, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Yi Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, No. 1111 Jiangnan Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, 315099, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing-Qiao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, No. 1111 Jiangnan Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, 315099, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, No. 1111 Jiangnan Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, 315099, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng-Jie Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, No. 1111 Jiangnan Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, 315099, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, No. 1111 Jiangnan Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, 315099, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ri-Zhen Yu
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hao-Jie Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, No. 1111 Jiangnan Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, 315099, Zhejiang, China.
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He L, Shi K, Chen X, Gao M, Han Y, Fang Y. Blood Profiles of Community-Dwelling People with Sarcopenia: Analysis Based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Gerontology 2024; 70:561-571. [PMID: 38657571 DOI: 10.1159/000537936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Routine blood factors can be economical and easily accessible candidates for sarcopenia screening and monitoring. The associations between sarcopenia and routine blood factors remain unclear. This study aimed to examine sarcopenia and blood factor associations based on a nation-wide cohort in China. METHODS A total of 1,307 participants and 17 routine blood indices were selected from two waves (year 2011 and year 2015) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The diagnosis of sarcopenia was based on the criteria proposed by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS 2019). Generalized mixed-effects models were performed for association analyses. A logistic regression (LR) model was conducted to examine the predictive power of identifying significant blood factors for sarcopenia. RESULTS A higher sarcopenia risk was cross-sectionally associated with elevated blood concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (OR = 1.030, 95% CI [1.007, 1.053]), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (OR = 1.407, 95% CI [1.126, 1.758]) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (OR = 1.044, 95% CI [1.002, 1.089]), and a decreased level of glucose (OR = 0.988, 95% CI [0.979, 0.997]). A higher baseline hsCRP value (OR = 1.034, 95% CI [1.029, 1.039]) and a greater over time change in hsCRP within 4 years (OR = 1.034, 95% CI [1.029, 1.039]) were associated with a higher sarcopenia risk. A higher BUN baseline value was related to a decreased sarcopenia risk over time (OR = 0.981, 95% CI [0.976, 0.986]), while a greater over time changes in BUN (OR = 1.034, 95% CI [1.029, 1.040]) and a smaller over time change in glucose (OR = 0.992, 95% CI [0.984, 0.999]) within 4 years were also related to a higher sarcopenia risk. LR based on significant blood factors (i.e., hsCRP, HbA1c, BUN, and glucose), and sarcopenia status in year 2015 yielded an area under the curve of 0.859 (95% CI: 0.836-0.882). CONCLUSION Routine blood factors involved in inflammation, protein metabolism, and glucose metabolism are significantly associated with sarcopenia. In clinical practice, plasma hsCRP, BUN, blood sugar levels, sex, age, marital status, height, and weight might be helpful for sarcopenia evaluation and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao He
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Center for Aging and Health Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Kewei Shi
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China,
- Center for Aging and Health Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China,
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Center for Aging and Health Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mingyue Gao
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Center for Aging and Health Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yaofeng Han
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Center for Aging and Health Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ya Fang
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Center for Aging and Health Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Wang DK, Li YH, Guo XM. Depression and sarcopenia-related traits: A Mendelian randomization study. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:929-936. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i11.929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have suggested that depression is associated with sarcopenia. However, the causal relationship between depression and sarcopenia remains unclear.
AIM To investigate the causal relationship between depression and sarcopenia.
METHODS We performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to identify the bidirectional relationship between depression and sarcopenia-related traits. Summary-level data and independent variants used as instrumental variables came from large genome-wide association studies of depression (414055 cases and 892299 controls), of appendicular lean mass (ALM, 450243 participants), and of hand grip strength (exposure: 360000 participants; outcome: 334925 participants).
RESULTS We identified a negative association of depression with lower ALM [odds ratio (OR): 0.932, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.889-0.979, P = 0.005]. In the reverse MR analysis, we also observed an inverse association of hand grip strength with depression (OR: 0.200, 95%CI: 0.108-0.370, P < 0.001). Similar results were obtained in sensitivity analyses.
CONCLUSION Depression was causally related to decreased muscle mass, and declined muscle strength might lead to a higher risk of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Kun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Hao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
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Li RM, Dai GH, Guan H, Gao WL, Ren LL, Wang XM, Qu HW. Association between handgrip strength and heart failure in adults aged 45 years and older from NHANES 2011-2014. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4551. [PMID: 36941323 PMCID: PMC10027666 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that handgrip strength (HGS) is a conspicuous marker for assessing some diseases affecting middle-aged and elderly individuals. However, research regarding HGS and heart failure (HF) is sparse and controversial. Hence, we aimed to investigate the association between HGS and HF among adults aged 45 years and older in the United States. In this cross-sectional study, we included 4524 adults older than 45 years who were part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A generalized additive model was used to estimate the association between HGS and HF. Age, gender, race, income, education, body mass index, smoking status, drinking status, diabetes, hypertension, stroke, vigorous physical activity, total energy intake, total protein intake, total sugars intake, and total fat intake covariates were adjusted using multiple regression models. And further subgroup analysis was conducted. We documented 189 cases of HF, including 106 men and 83 women. HGS was negatively associated with HF after adjusting for all the covariates (odds ratio = 0.97, 95% confidence interval = 0.96-0.99; P < 0.001). Compared with the lowest quintile, the highest quintile was associated with an 82% lower incidence of HF (odds ratio = 0.18, 95% confidence interval = 0.08-0.43; P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that the results remained stable. In US adults older than 45, HGS was negatively associated with HF after adjusting for covariates. This finding had the potential to draw attention to the physiological and pathological effects of decreased muscle function on HF and may influence further prospective studies with intervention trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Min Li
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guo-Hua Dai
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16369 Jing-Shi Road, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Hui Guan
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16369 Jing-Shi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Wu-Lin Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16369 Jing-Shi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Li-Li Ren
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xing-Meng Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hui-Wen Qu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Sanchez MM, Bagdasarian IA, Darch W, Morgan JT. Organotypic cultures as aging associated disease models. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:9338-9383. [PMID: 36435511 PMCID: PMC9740367 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Aging remains a primary risk factor for a host of diseases, including leading causes of death. Aging and associated diseases are inherently multifactorial, with numerous contributing factors and phenotypes at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organismal scales. Despite the complexity of aging phenomena, models currently used in aging research possess limitations. Frequently used in vivo models often have important physiological differences, age at different rates, or are genetically engineered to match late disease phenotypes rather than early causes. Conversely, routinely used in vitro models lack the complex tissue-scale and systemic cues that are disrupted in aging. To fill in gaps between in vivo and traditional in vitro models, researchers have increasingly been turning to organotypic models, which provide increased physiological relevance with the accessibility and control of in vitro context. While powerful tools, the development of these models is a field of its own, and many aging researchers may be unaware of recent progress in organotypic models, or hesitant to include these models in their own work. In this review, we describe recent progress in tissue engineering applied to organotypic models, highlighting examples explicitly linked to aging and associated disease, as well as examples of models that are relevant to aging. We specifically highlight progress made in skin, gut, and skeletal muscle, and describe how recently demonstrated models have been used for aging studies or similar phenotypes. Throughout, this review emphasizes the accessibility of these models and aims to provide a resource for researchers seeking to leverage these powerful tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina M. Sanchez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | | | - William Darch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Joshua T. Morgan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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Wang J, Liu C, Zhang L, Liu N, Wang L, Wu J, Wang Y, Hao H, Cao L, Yuan S, Huang L. Prevalence and associated factors of possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia: findings from a Chinese community-dwelling old adults cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:592. [PMID: 35850661 PMCID: PMC9290196 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03286-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To describe the prevalence and analyse the associated factors of possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia among community-dwelling old adults in China, in order to provide effective strategies for early prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. Methods This cross-sectional study evaluated community-dwelling old adults aged over 60 years. The basic information, morphological indices, body composition, physical activities were collected and assessed. Possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia were diagnosed by the criteria of Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) in 2019. A multivariate logistic regression model with stepwise method was employed to identify factors associated with possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia. Results In total 729 old adults from Tianjin were included in this study. Eighty-one participants were diagnosed with possible sarcopenia (prevalence of 11.11%). Seventy-five participants were diagnosed with sarcopenia (prevalence of 10.29%). Age (odds ratio (OR):1.047, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.055–1.090) and lower physical activities (low level OR:4.171, 95% CI:1.790–9.720; medium level OR:2.634, 95% CI:1.352–5.132) were significantly associated with possible sarcopenia. Age (OR:1.187, 95% CI:1.124–1.253), higher body fat percentage (OR:1.225, 95% CI:1.140–1.317), lower BMI (OR:0.424, 95% CI:0.346–0.519), lower mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores (OR:0.865,95% CI:0.781–0.958) and low physical activities (OR:4.638, 95% CI:1.683–12.782) were significantly associated with sarcopenia. Conclusion Possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia are prevalent among community-dwelling old adults in China. Ageing and lower physical activities were both associated with possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia. Old adults with sarcopenia more likely have higher body fat percentage, lower BMI and lower cognitive function compared with those without this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhi Wang
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Changge Liu
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Jingqiong Wu
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yizhao Wang
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Huimin Hao
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Longjun Cao
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Shilei Yuan
- Tianjin Yanan Hospital, No. 45 Yashi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Liping Huang
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China.
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TNF-α Suppresses Apelin Receptor Expression in Mouse Quadriceps Femoris-Derived Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:3146-3155. [PMID: 35877441 PMCID: PMC9315797 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44070217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of the apelin receptor, APJ, in skeletal muscle (SM) is known to decrease with age, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels are observed in SM with age and are associated with muscle atrophy. To investigate the possible interconnection between TNF-α elevation and APJ reduction with aging, we investigated the effect of TNF-α on APJ expression in cells derived from the quadriceps femoris of C57BL/6J mice. Expression of Tnfa and Apj in the quadriceps femoris was compared between 4- (young) and 24-month-old (old) C57BL/6J mice (n = 10 each) using qPCR. Additionally, APJ-positive cells and TNF-α protein were analyzed by flow cytometry and Western blotting, respectively. Further, quadricep-derived cells were exposed to 0 (control) or 25 ng/mL TNF-α, and the effect on Apj expression was examined by qRT-PCR. Apj expression and the ratio of APJ-positive cells among quadricep cells were significantly lower in old compared to young mice. In contrast, levels of Tnfa mRNA and TNF-α protein were significantly elevated in old compared to young mice. Exposing young and old derived quadricep cells to TNF-α for 8 and 24 h caused Apj levels to significantly decrease. TNF-α suppresses APJ expression in muscle cells in vitro. The increase in TNF-α observed in SM with age may induce a decrease in APJ expression.
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Maeda SS, Albergaria BH, Szejnfeld VL, Lazaretti-Castro M, Arantes HP, Ushida M, Domiciano DS, Pereira RMR, Marin-Mio RV, de Oliveira ML, de Mendonça LMC, do Prado M, de Souza GC, Palchetti CZ, Sarni ROS, Terreri MT, de Castro LCG, Artoni SMB, Amoroso L, Karcher DE, Prado CM, Gonzalez MC, de Medeiros Pinheiro M. Official Position of the Brazilian Association of Bone Assessment and Metabolism (ABRASSO) on the evaluation of body composition by densitometry-part II (clinical aspects): interpretation, reporting, and special situations. Adv Rheumatol 2022; 62:11. [PMID: 35365246 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-022-00240-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present an updated and evidence-based guideline for the use of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to assess body composition in clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS This Official Position was developed by the Scientific Committee of the Brazilian Association of Bone Assessment and Metabolism (Associação Brasileira de Avaliação Óssea e Osteometabolismo, ABRASSO) and experts in the field who were invited to contribute to the preparation of this document. The authors searched current databases for relevant publications in the area of body composition assessment. In this second part of the Official Position, the authors discuss the interpretation and reporting of body composition parameters assessed by DXA and the use of DXA for body composition evaluation in special situations, including evaluation of children, persons with HIV, and animals. CONCLUSION This document offers recommendations for the use of DXA in body composition evaluation, including indications, interpretation, and applications, to serve as a guiding tool in clinical practice and research for health care professionals in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Setsuo Maeda
- Discipline of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Estado de Israel, 639, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 04022-001, Brazil.
| | - Ben-Hur Albergaria
- Department of Epidemiology, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Szejnfeld
- Discipline of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marise Lazaretti-Castro
- Discipline of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Estado de Israel, 639, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 04022-001, Brazil
| | - Henrique Pierotti Arantes
- School of Medicine, Instituto Master de Ensino Presidente Antônio Carlos (IMEPAC), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcela Ushida
- Discipline of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Diogo Souza Domiciano
- Discipline of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Rosângela Villa Marin-Mio
- Discipline of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Estado de Israel, 639, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 04022-001, Brazil
| | - Mônica Longo de Oliveira
- Discipline of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Estado de Israel, 639, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 04022-001, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Cecília Zanin Palchetti
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Roseli Oselka Saccardo Sarni
- Discipline of Allergy, Clinical Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa Terreri
- Section of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lizandra Amoroso
- School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Débora Emy Karcher
- School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Maria Cristina Gonzalez
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Behavior, Universidade Católica de Pelotas (UCPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Food, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo de Medeiros Pinheiro
- Discipline of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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10
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The relationship between sarcopenia detected in newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients and FGF21, irisin and CRP levels. Eur Geriatr Med 2022; 13:795-803. [DOI: 10.1007/s41999-022-00635-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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11
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Buchmann N, Fielitz J, Spira D, König M, Norman K, Pawelec G, Goldeck D, Demuth I, Steinhagen-Thiessen E. Muscle Mass and Inflammation in Older Adults: Impact of the Metabolic Syndrome. Gerontology 2022; 68:989-998. [PMID: 35100595 PMCID: PMC9501741 DOI: 10.1159/000520096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory processes are a cause of accelerated loss of muscle mass. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a highly prevalent age-related condition, which may promote and be promoted by inflammation. However, whether inflammation in MetS (metaflammation) is associated with lower muscle mass is still unclear. Methods Complete cross-sectional data on body composition, MetS, and the inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were available for 1,377 BASE-II participants (51.1% women; 68 ± 4 years old). Appendicular lean mass (ALM) was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Low muscle mass (low ALM-to-BMI ratio [ALMBMI]) was defined according to the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) Sarcopenia Project. Regression models, adjusted for an increasing number of confounders (sex, age, physical activity, morbidities, diabetes mellitus type II, TSH, albumin, HbA1c, smoking habits, alcohol intake, education, and energy intake/day), were used to calculate the association between low ALMBMI and high inflammation (tertile 3) according to MetS. Results MetS was present in 36.2% of the study population, and 9% had low ALMBMI. In the whole study population, high CRP (odds ratio [OR]: 2.7 [95% CI: 1.6–4.7; p = 0.001]) and high IL-6 (OR: 2.1 [95% CI: 1.2–1.9; p = 0.005]) were associated with low ALMBMI. In contrast, no significant association was found between TNF, IL-10, or IL-1β with low ALMBMI. When participants were stratified by MetS, results for IL-6 remained significant only in participants with MetS. Conclusions Among BASE-II participants, low ALMBMI was associated with inflammation. Low-grade inflammation triggered by disease state, especially in the context of MetS, might favor loss of muscle mass, so a better control of MetS might help to prevent sarcopenia. Intervention studies to test whether strategies to prevent MetS might also prevent loss of muscle mass seem to be promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Buchmann
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (including Division of Lipid Metabolism), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin (Campus Benjamin Franklin), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Fielitz
- Department of Internal Medicine B, Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dominik Spira
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (including Division of Lipid Metabolism), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian König
- Division of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristina Norman
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam Rehbrücke, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, Nuthetal, Germany.,Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Graham Pawelec
- Department of Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ilja Demuth
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (including Division of Lipid Metabolism), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, BCRT, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (including Division of Lipid Metabolism), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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12
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Zambon Azevedo V, Silaghi CA, Maurel T, Silaghi H, Ratziu V, Pais R. Impact of Sarcopenia on the Severity of the Liver Damage in Patients With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Nutr 2022; 8:774030. [PMID: 35111794 PMCID: PMC8802760 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.774030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An extensive body of the literature shows a strong interrelationship between the pathogenic pathways of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and sarcopenia through the muscle-liver-adipose tissue axis. NAFLD is one of the leading causes of chronic liver diseases (CLD) affecting more than one-quarter of the general population worldwide. The disease severity spectrum ranges from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and its complications: end-stage chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Sarcopenia, defined as a progressive loss of the skeletal muscle mass, reduces physical performances, is associated with metabolic dysfunction and, possibly, has a causative role in NAFLD pathogenesis. Muscle mass is a key determinant of the whole-body insulin-mediated glucose metabolism and impacts fatty liver oxidation and energy homeostasis. These mechanisms drive the accumulation of ectopic fat both in the liver (steatosis, fatty liver) and in the muscle (myosteatosis). Myosteatosis rather than the muscle mass per se, seems to be closely associated with the severity of the liver injury. Sarcopenic obesity is a recently described entity which associates both sarcopenia and obesity and may trigger worse clinical outcomes including hepatic fibrosis progression and musculoskeletal disabilities. Furthermore, the muscle-liver-adipose tissue axis has a pivotal role in changes of the body composition, resulting in a distinct clinical phenotype that enables the identification of the "sarcopenic NAFLD phenotype." This review aims to bring some light into the complex relationship between sarcopenia and NAFLD and critically discuss the key mechanisms linking NAFLD to sarcopenia, as well as some of the clinical consequences associated with the coexistence of these two entities: the impact of body composition phenotypes on muscle morphology, the concept of sarcopenic obesity, the relationship between sarcopenia and the severity of the liver damage and finally, the future directions and the existing gaps in the knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Zambon Azevedo
- Doctoral School Physiology, Physiopathology and Therapeutics 394, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche de Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris, France
| | - Cristina Alina Silaghi
- Department of Endocrinology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Thomas Maurel
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Horatiu Silaghi
- Department of Surgery V, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vlad Ratziu
- Centre de Recherche de Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris, France
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Raluca Pais
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, INSERM UMRS 938, Paris, France
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13
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Strategies to Prevent Sarcopenia in the Aging Process: Role of Protein Intake and Exercise. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010052. [PMID: 35010928 PMCID: PMC8746908 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is one of the main issues associated with the process of aging. Characterized by muscle mass loss, it is triggered by several conditions, including sedentary habits and negative net protein balance. According to World Health Organization, it is expected a 38% increase in older individuals by 2025. Therefore, it is noteworthy to establish recommendations to prevent sarcopenia and several events and comorbidities associated with this health issue condition. In this review, we discuss the role of these factors, prevention strategies, and recommendations, with a focus on protein intake and exercise.
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14
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Wu SE, Chen WL. A Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Novel Risk Loci for Sarcopenia in a Taiwanese Population. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5969-5980. [PMID: 34815687 PMCID: PMC8605878 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s338724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of sarcopenia unraveled the importance of genetic contribution to decline in muscle. The current study investigated sarcopenia-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Asian older adults, and further constructed a genotype score that tests the combined effect of these SNPs on risk of sarcopenia. Patients and Methods Ninety-six subjects aged 60 or above were recruited from the database of annual geriatric health examination at Tri-Service General Hospital during 2020. Eligible criteria included: 1) not having severe comorbidities; 2) agreed to join the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative project; and 3) having sufficient information of required sarcopenic measurements. Genotype–phenotype association analysis was performed to find SNPs that were significantly associated with each of three sarcopenic indices (low muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance). Subsequently, these SNPs comprised a sarcopenia-related genotype score that summed up the number of SNPs carrying unfavorable allele(s). Results Twelve SNPs revealed suggestive genome-wide significance with the three sarcopenic indices, and eight of them revealed a relationship with more than one index. Low muscle strength was the item that had the most (eight) related SNPs. Among them, rs10282247 affects cholesterol binding and rs7022373 participates in cellular apoptosis. In addition, higher genotype score demonstrated higher risk of sarcopenia (≥4 points: OR=630.6; 2–3 points: OR=408, p-value<0.001). Conclusion Several newly discovered SNPs suggest that genetic contribution plays a part in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. Further studies are warranted to verify the underlying mechanisms. Moreover, a genotype score provides an estimate of the combined effect of genetic association with sarcopenia, which may modestly improve clinical risk classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-En Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei Liang Chen
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan, Republic of China
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15
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Li Z, Tong X, Ma Y, Bao T, Yue J. Relationship Between Low Skeletal Muscle Mass and Arteriosclerosis in Western China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:735262. [PMID: 34746254 PMCID: PMC8563701 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.735262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study explored the prevalence and the correlation between low muscle mass and arteriosclerosis in different gender and age groups, to increase the attention paid to the risk factors of arteriosclerosis in the young and middle-aged population. Methods: This was an analytical, cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from healthy individuals recruited from the Health Management Center of W Hospital. The brachial-ankle pulse-wave velocity was used as an indicator of arteriosclerosis, and a bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to assess the body composition. Results: A total of 36,374 subjects (men, 58.4%; women, 41.6%; mean age, 43.74 ± 12.34 years [range, 18-80 years]) participated in this study. The prevalence of low skeletal muscle mass and arteriosclerosis was 17.7 and 53.1%, respectively, in all subjects. Low skeletal muscle mass was significantly associated with arteriosclerosis (OR: 1.435, 95% CI: 1.343-1.533, P < 0.001) in all subjects, and the association remained significant in young age (OR: 1.506, 95% CI: 1.353-1.678, P < 0.001), middle-age (OR: 1.329, 95% CI: 1.195-1.479, P < 0.001), and old age (OR: 1.676, 95% CI: 1.191-2.358, P = 0.003), and also significant in men (OR: 1.559, 95% CI: 1.396-1.740, P < 0.001) and women (OR: 1.266, 95% CI: 1.143-1.401, P < 0.001). Conclusions and Implications: Our results show that the prevalence of low muscle mass and arteriosclerosis is high in the general population, even among middle-aged people and young people, and confirmed that there is a significant independent association between low skeletal muscle mass and arteriosclerosis in all subjects and in different age and gender subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Li
- Health Management Center, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Tong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Ma
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Bao
- Health Management Center, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jirong Yue
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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16
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Effects of Milk or Soy Milk Combined with Mild Resistance Exercise on the Muscle Mass and Muscle Strength in Very Old Nursing Home Residents with Sarcopenia. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112581. [PMID: 34828861 PMCID: PMC8623877 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims: Sarcopenia is recognized as a major public health issue, because it is prevalent in the elderly, especially those who live in long-term care facilities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the beneficial effects of milk or soy milk combined with resistance exercise on the muscle mass and muscle strength of individual elderly nursing home residents with sarcopenia. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial (clincaltrials.gov as NCT05035121) that recruited very old (>75 years) subjects with sarcopenia in a nursing home (Su-Ao and Yuanshan Branches, Taipei Veterans General Hospital) from June to December 2017. Thirty-five elderly (84.9 ± 6.1 years old) subjects were recruited and divided into three groups: control (n = 12), milk supplemented (n = 12), and soy milk supplemented (n = 11). All participants joined a mild resistance exercise training program three times a week (30 min/time). Moreover, elderly subjects in the milk and soy milk groups drank 200 mL of milk or soy milk for breakfast and as a snack after exercise. Results: After 12 weeks, compared to the baseline, calf circumferences had significantly increased in the control and soy milk groups (p = 0.0362 and p = 0.0197, respectively). Hand grip strength had significantly improved in the milk and soy milk groups (p = 0.0407 and p = 0.0096, respectively). In addition, there was no difference among the three groups. Conclusions: Mild resistance exercise combined with milk or soy milk improved the calf circumference and hand grip strength in very old nursing home residents with sarcopenia.
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17
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Sun X, Liu Z, Chen F, Du T. Sarcopenia modifies the associations of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among older adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15647. [PMID: 34341404 PMCID: PMC8329219 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95108-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality remains controversial. Sarcopenia, a measure of muscle mass, strength and function, may identify which persons are most at risk for adverse effects of NAFLD. We aimed to test the hypothesis that sarcopenia modifies the associations between NAFLD and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. A total of 2446 older adults (≥ 60 years) from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were enrolled. Their mortality data were linked to death certificates in the National Death Index. Sarcopenia was defined as having low skeletal muscle mass together with slow gait speed, which captures both muscle mass and muscle function. Ultrasound tests were used for the assessment of hepatic steatosis. During follow-up (median 16.8 years), 1530 older subjects died from any cause, of which 379 were cardiovascular-related. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality rates were 4.31 and 1.07 per 100 person-years, respectively. In a multivariate model, using participants without NAFLD and sarcopenia as the reference group, individuals with both NAFLD and sarcopenia had 1.69 times [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23-2.31] and 2.17 times (95% CI 1.33-3.54) higher risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively. However, NAFLD persons without sarcopenia had hazard ratios for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality similar to those of the reference group. Sarcopenia modified the associations of NAFLD with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Sarcopenia may identify older adults who are at the highest risk for adverse outcomes associated with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhelong Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fuqiong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China.
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Tingting Du
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China.
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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18
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Wang Y, Wang R, Liu Y, Bai L, Liu L, He L, Deng H, Li T, Xu S, Chen L, Wen K, Qi B. Associations between bone mineral density in different measurement locations and coronary artery disease: a cross-sectional study. Arch Osteoporos 2021; 16:100. [PMID: 34169345 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-021-00940-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The bone mineral density (BMD) loss is closely related to coronary heart disease (CAD). The BMD measured at different locations differ in BMD values, the risk to CAD, and the capability to identify CAD. An average BMD of the right and left femoral neck being below - 1.70 has the ability to indicate risk of CAD. PURPOSE Previous studies have reported that low bone mineral density (BMD) is closely related to coronary artery disease (CAD); however, it is not clear that the BMD loss at which location to what extent has the greatest effect in identifying risk of CAD. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of different measurement sites of BMD in identifying CAD and analyze the best measurement sites and the optimal cut-off of BMD for CAD. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study in which 180 of 817 participants were diagnosed with CAD. All participants in the study were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) for BMD at 8 locations, and following measurements were derived: the average BMD of lumbar spine (L1-L4), femoral neck (left and right), and total proximal femur (left and right). The association between BMD at different locations and CAD was analyzed using logistic regression. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to select the optimal measurement location and cut-off value of the BMD for identifying CAD. RESULTS There were significant differences in BMD at 3 different measurement locations. Higher BMD is a protective factor against CAD, which is more pronounced in the femoral neck and total proximal femur (ORs = 0.47 ~ 0.66, P < 0.001) than in the lumbar spine (ORs = 0.74 ~ 0.79, P < 0.001). The optimal site for predicting the risk of CAD by BMD is the femoral neck, with the AUC (area under the ROC curve) is 0.72 (95% CI: 0.67 ~ 0.76) and the cut-off is - 1.70. CONCLUSION The BMD below particular cut-off of the femoral neck rather than of the lumbar spine may have certain further research value for revealing the risk of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoling Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ruiyun Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lijuan Bai
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Linfeng He
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Heng Deng
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Sha Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Li Chen
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, USA
| | - Kai Wen
- School of Software & Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Benling Qi
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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19
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Letarouilly JG, Flipo RM, Cortet B, Tournadre A, Paccou J. Body composition in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a narrative literature review. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2021; 13:1759720X211015006. [PMID: 34221129 PMCID: PMC8221676 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x211015006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in the alterations in body composition (BC) that accompany rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The purpose of this review is to (i) investigate how BC is currently measured in RA patients, (ii) describe alterations in body composition in RA patients and (iii) evaluate the effect on nutrition, physical training, and treatments; that is, corticosteroids and biologic Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Disease (bDMARDs), on BC in RA patients. The primary-source literature for this review was acquired using PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane database searches for articles published up to March 2021. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms used were 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'body composition', 'sarcopenia', 'obesity', 'cachexia', 'Absorptiometry, Photon' and 'Electric Impedance'. The titles and abstracts of all articles were reviewed for relevant subjects. Whole-BC measurements were usually performed using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to quantify lean- and fat-mass parameters. In RA patients, lean mass is lower and adiposity is higher than in healthy controls, both in men and women. The prevalence of abnormal BC conditions such as overfat, sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity is significantly higher in RA patients than in healthy controls; these alterations in BC are observed even at an early stage of the disease. Data on the effect treatments on BC in RA patients are scarce. In the few studies published, (a) creatine supplementation and progressive resistance training induce a slight and temporary increase in lean mass, (b) exposure to corticosteroids induces a gain in fat mass and (c) tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) inhibitors might be associated with a gain in fat mass, while tocilizumab might be associated with a gain in lean mass. The available data clearly demonstrate that alterations in BC occur in RA patients, but data on the effect of treatments, especially bDMARDs, are inconsistent and further studies are needed in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Guillaume Letarouilly
- University of Lille F-59000 Lille, CHU Lille F-59000 Lille, France; University of Littoral Côte d'Opale F-62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France; Marrow Adiposity and Bone Lab - MABLab ULR4490Lille, France
| | - René-Marc Flipo
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Lille, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bernard Cortet
- University of Lille F-59000 Lille, CHU Lille F-59000 Lille, France; University of Littoral Côte d'Opale F-62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France; Marrow Adiposity and Bone Lab - MABLab ULR4490Lille, France
| | - Anne Tournadre
- University of Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, UNH-UMR 1019, INRA Department of Rheumatology, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julien Paccou
- MABlab ULR 4490, Department of Rheumatology, CHU Lille, 2, Avenue Oscar Lambret - 59037 Lille Cedex
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20
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Allen SL, Marshall RN, Edwards SJ, Lord JM, Lavery GG, Breen L. The effect of young and old ex vivo human serum on cellular protein synthesis and growth in an in vitro model of aging. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C26-C37. [PMID: 33909501 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00093.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In vitro models of muscle aging are useful for understanding mechanisms of age-related muscle loss and aiding the development of targeted therapies. To investigate mechanisms of age-related muscle loss in vitro utilizing ex vivo human serum, fasted blood samples were obtained from four old (72 ± 1 yr) and four young (26 ± 3 yr) men. Older individuals had elevated levels of plasma CRP, IL-6, HOMA-IR, and lower concentric peak torque and work-per-repetition compared with young participants (P < 0.05). C2C12 myotubes were serum and amino acid starved for 1 h and conditioned with human serum (10%) for 4 h or 24 h. After 4 h, C2C12 cells were treated with 5 mM leucine for 30 min. Muscle protein synthesis (MPS) was determined through the surface sensing of translation (SUnSET) technique and regulatory signaling pathways were measured via Western blot. Myotube diameter was significantly reduced in myotubes treated with serum from old, in comparison to young donors (84%, P < 0.001). MPS was reduced in myotubes treated with old donor serum, compared with young serum before leucine treatment (32%, P < 0.01). MPS and the phosphorylation of Akt, p70S6K, and eEF2 were increased in myotubes treated with young serum in response to leucine treatment, with a blunted response identified in cells treated with old serum (P < 0.05). Muscle protein breakdown signaling pathways did not differ between groups. In summary, we show that myotubes conditioned with serum from older individuals had decreased myotube diameter and MPS compared with younger individuals, potentially driven by low-grade systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie L Allen
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan N Marshall
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie J Edwards
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Janet M Lord
- National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth G Lavery
- National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partner, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Leigh Breen
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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21
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Chen YF, Zong HX, Xu SQ, Chu YR, Wang JX, Li WJ, Chen KM. Synergistic effect of sarcopenia and poor balance on osteoporotic vertebral fracture in Chinese patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2021; 40:3627-3637. [PMID: 33774766 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05703-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the synergistic effect of sarcopenia and poor balance on osteoporotic vertebral fracture (VOPF) in Chinese patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS A total of 238 RA patients and 158 normal subjects were enrolled in the case-control study. Poor balance capability (Berg balance scale (BBS) score < 40) and sarcopenia (skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) <7.0 (male)/5.7 (female)) between RA patients and normal subjects were compared. Associations of poor balance capability or sarcopenia with disease activity, structural damage, and joint function in different groups were also investigated. RESULTS The incidence of sarcopenia in RA was 58.4%, significantly higher than that in controls (P<0.0001). Moreover, the percentages of low balance capacity (BBS<40) in RA were 43.7%, which was higher than that in controls (P<0.0001). The prevalence of VOPF in the case group was 19.3%, which was higher than that in the controls (P<0.0001). In the RA group, compared to RA patients without VOPF, RA patients with VOPF had higher percentages of poor balance and sarcopenia (P<0.05). Compared with RA patients without sarcopenia or good balance, RA patients with sarcopenia or poor balance had a higher incidence of VOPF, higher disease activity, severer structural damage, and worse joint function (P<0.05). The incidence of VOPF in patients combined with good balance and non-sarcopenia (4.8%) was significantly lower than that in patients combined with poor balance and sarcopenia (38.2%) (P<0.0001). Logistic regression indicated that higher SMI and higher BBS scores were protective factors for VOPF in RA patients, while age was a risk factor for VOPF in RA patients (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION Sarcopenia and poor balance are popular in Chinese patients with RA, and they are associated with disease activity and structural damage. There is a synergistic effect of sarcopenia and poor balance on VOPF in RA. Key Points • Sarcopenia and balance capability were popular (about a half) in patients with RA. • Sarcopenia and poor balance had a synergistic effect on VOPF in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Fan Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated hospital of Anhui Medical University, NO.218, Ji-xi Road, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - He-Xiang Zong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated hospital of Anhui Medical University, NO.218, Ji-xi Road, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Sheng-Qian Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated hospital of Anhui Medical University, NO.218, Ji-xi Road, Hefei, 230022, China.
| | - Yi-Ran Chu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated hospital of Anhui Medical University, NO.218, Ji-xi Road, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Jian-Xiong Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated hospital of Anhui Medical University, NO.218, Ji-xi Road, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Wan-Jun Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated hospital of Anhui Medical University, NO.218, Ji-xi Road, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Ke-Ming Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated hospital of Anhui Medical University, NO.218, Ji-xi Road, Hefei, 230022, China
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22
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Huang J, He F, Gu X, Chen S, Tong Z, Zhong S. Estimation of sarcopenia prevalence in individuals at different ages from Zheijang province in China. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:6066-6075. [PMID: 33601336 PMCID: PMC7950223 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed sarcopenia prevalence and the cut-off points for skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), gait speed, and handgrip strength in young (18-39 years), middle-aged (40-59 years), and elderly (>60 years) individuals (n=1685) from Zhejiang Province in China. The prevalence of sarcopenia among individuals above 65 years was 2.21%, 4.87%, 5.31%, 14.16%, and 16.37% according to five diagnostic criteria (AWGS2019, AWGS2014, EWGSOP1, EWGSOP2, and local standard). The mean SMI (Kg/m2) was 7.961±0.7966, 7.801±0.7276, and 7.544±0.7493, respectively, in young, middle-aged, and elderly males. The mean SMI in young, middle-aged, and elderly females was 6.1570±0.5658, 6.604±0.5658, and 6.248±0.7483, respectively. SMI correlated negatively with age (r=-0.2344, P<0.001), but was not associated with age in females (r=0.0573, P=0.1463). The cut-off point of SMI for sarcopenia was ≤6.3678 kg/m2 in males and ≤5.0254 kg/m2 in females. These findings shows that the prevalence of sarcopenia increased gradually with age and varied significantly based on the diagnostic criteria used for this analysis. The mean SMI of young women was lower than in middle-aged women, making them an unsuitable reference population for determining cut-off values for sarcopenia diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fan He
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue Gu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shoushun Chen
- Putuo Mountain Community Center for Health and Service, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhendong Tong
- Zhoushan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Suya Zhong
- Putuo Mountain Community Center for Health and Service, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
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23
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Ghodoosi N, Mirzababaei A, Rashidbeygi E, Badrooj N, Sajjadi SF, Setayesh L, Yekaninejad MS, Keshavarz SA, Shiraseb F, Mirzaei K. Associations of dietary inflammatory index, serum levels of MCP-1 and body composition in Iranian overweight and obese women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:544. [PMID: 33228788 PMCID: PMC7684955 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although, several studies have illustrated that there is a relation between dietary inflammatory index (DII) with obesity-related parameters, and inflammation, their results were controversial. This study aimed to investigate this relationship among Iranian women. RESULTS Multivariable linear regression showed that fat mass was 0.14 kg lower in the anti-inflammatory diet group, with respect to the pro-inflammatory group, after adjusting covariates such as age, physical activity, economic and job status (β = - 0.142, 95% CI - 4.44, - 1.71, P = 0.03). Fat-free mass (FFM) was 1.5 kg more in the anti-inflammatory diet group, compared to the pro-inflammatory diet group, after adjusting for potentials cofounders (β = 1.50, 95% CI 0, 3.01, p = 0.05). Furthermore, after adjusting for potentials cofounders, it was revealed that the subjects with lower DII had lower monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels in serum (β = - 18.81, 95% CI - 35.84, - 1.79, p = 0.03). These findings suggest an inverse and significant relationship between DII and FFM and also DII is directly related to Fat mass and the level of MCP-1. This finding can be used for developing interventions that aim to promote healthy eating to prevent inflammation and non-communicable disease development among obese females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ghodoosi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Rashidbeygi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Badrooj
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Forough Sajjadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Setayesh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Saeed Yekaninejad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Keshavarz
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
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24
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Harneshaug M, Benth JS, Kirkhus L, Gronberg BH, Bergh S, Rostoft S, Slaaen M. CT Derived Muscle Measures, Inflammation, and Frailty in a Cohort of Older Cancer Patients. In Vivo 2020; 34:3565-3572. [PMID: 33144469 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Muscle loss, inflammation, and frailty are prevalent among older cancer patients. We aimed to evaluate whether inflammatory markers could identify muscle loss, and if muscle measures differed between frail and non-frail patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 115 patients ≥70 years old with solid tumors were included. Inflammation was measured using the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), which is based on C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin levels, and CRP alone. Frailty was evaluated using a modified geriatric assessment (mGA) of eight domains affecting older patients' health status. Computed tomography-derived muscle measures were collected at the level of the third lumbar vertebra. RESULTS Patients with GPS=2 and CRP>27 mg/l exhibited poorer muscle measures compared to patients with lower levels. No associations between mGA-based frailty and muscle mass were found. CONCLUSION Inflammation has detrimental effects on muscle mass. However, GPS or CRP alone cannot be used to identify muscle loss, and muscle measures were not associated with frailty in this series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Harneshaug
- The Research Centre for Age Related Functional Decline and Diseases, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jurate Saltyte Benth
- The Research Centre for Age Related Functional Decline and Diseases, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Health Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Nordbyhagen, Norway
| | - Lene Kirkhus
- The Research Centre for Age Related Functional Decline and Diseases, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjorn Henning Gronberg
- Department of Oncology, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sverre Bergh
- The Research Centre for Age Related Functional Decline and Diseases, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway.,Norwegian Advisory Unit on Aging and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Siri Rostoft
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Slaaen
- The Research Centre for Age Related Functional Decline and Diseases, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,The Cancer Unit, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Hamar Hospital, Hamar, Norway
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25
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Tyrrell DJ, Goldstein DR. Ageing and atherosclerosis: vascular intrinsic and extrinsic factors and potential role of IL-6. Nat Rev Cardiol 2020; 18:58-68. [PMID: 32918047 PMCID: PMC7484613 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-020-0431-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The number of old people is rising worldwide, and advancing age is a major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. In this Review, we discuss vascular intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of how ageing influences the pathology of atherosclerosis. First, we focus on factors that are extrinsic to the vasculature. We discuss how ageing affects the development of myeloid cells leading to the expansion of certain myeloid cell clones and induces changes in myeloid cell functions that promote atherosclerosis via inflammation, including a potential role for IL-6. Next, we describe vascular intrinsic factors by which ageing promotes atherogenesis - in particular, the effects on mitochondrial function. Studies in mice and humans have shown that ageing leads to a decline in vascular mitochondrial function and impaired mitophagy. In mice, ageing is associated with an elevation in the levels of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in the aorta, which participates in a positive feedback loop with the impaired vascular mitochondrial function to accelerate atherogenesis. We speculate that vascular and myeloid cell ageing synergize, via IL-6 signalling, to accelerate atherosclerosis. Finally, we propose future avenues of clinical investigation and potential therapeutic approaches to reduce the burden of atherosclerosis in old people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Tyrrell
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel R Goldstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Institute of Gerontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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26
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Seo MW, Jung SW, Kim SW, Jung HC, Kim DY, Song JK. Comparisons of Muscle Quality and Muscle Growth Factor Between Sarcopenic and Non-Sarcopenic Older Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186581. [PMID: 32927586 PMCID: PMC7558172 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia, an age-related disease, is one of the important health problems in the elderly and the prevalence of sarcopenia is rapidly increased among the Korean population. This study examined the muscle quality and muscle growth factors of elderly women to identify the potential diagnostic tool for sarcopenia. One hundred and thirty-six elderly women, aged over 65 years old, initially enrolled, but only 59 participants who met the criteria (sarcopenic group, n = 27; non-sarcopenic group, n = 32) completed the study. Muscle quality assessment included thigh cross-sectional computed tomography scan and maximal isometric muscle strength. Muscle growth factors such as GDF-15, myostatin, activin A, and follistatin were analyzed, and a battery of Senior Fitness Test was used to examine functional fitness. The statistical significance level was set at 0.05. Elderly women with sarcopenia had a lower thigh muscle volume (-20.1%), and a higher thigh intermuscular adipose tissue (15.8%) than those of the non-sarcopenic group (p < 0.05). However, no significant differences in muscle growth factors were observed between the groups. Muscle quality variables including maximal voluntary isometric contraction (OR: 0.968, p < 0.001), relative maximal voluntary isometric contraction (OR: 0.989, p < 0.05), thigh muscle volume (OR: 0.836, p < 0.001), and thigh intermuscular adipose tissue (OR: 1.138, p < 0.05) were associated with a risk of sarcopenia. Our findings suggest that the sarcopenic group exhibits a poor thigh muscle quality in comparison with the non-sarcopenic group. Muscle quality assessment can be utilized for sarcopenia identification, but our study remains inconclusive for the causality of muscle growth factors in sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myong-Won Seo
- Department of Taekwondo, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deokyoungdaero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17014, Korea;
| | - Sung-Woo Jung
- Department of Physical Education, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deokyoungdaero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17014, Korea; (S.-W.J.); (S.-W.K.)
| | - Sung-Woo Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deokyoungdaero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17014, Korea; (S.-W.J.); (S.-W.K.)
| | - Hyun Chul Jung
- Department of Coaching, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deokyoungdaero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17014, Korea;
| | - Deog-Yoon Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Jong Kook Song
- Department of Sports & Science, Graduate School of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deokyoungdaero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17014, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-201-2708
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27
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Spadaccini D, Perna S, Peroni G, D’Antona G, Iannello G, Faragli A, Infantino V, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Negro M, Gasparri C, Rondanelli M. DXA-Derived Visceral Adipose Tissue (VAT) in Elderly: Percentiles of Reference for Gender and Association with Metabolic Outcomes. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:E163. [PMID: 32846931 PMCID: PMC7554982 DOI: 10.3390/life10090163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to establish the Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA)-derived Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) reference values for gender and assess the metabolic outcomes associated to the VAT in a cohort of elderly patients. The sample included 795 elderly patients (226/569: men/women) aged 65-100 years (mean age 80.9 ± 7.5ys). Body composition measures and VAT were assessed by DXA and Core-Scan software. Biochemical analysis and a multidimensional comprehensive geriatric assessment were performed. VAT percentiles at the level of 5, 25, 50, 75, 95 were found in males at the following levels: 246, 832, 1251, 1769, 3048 cm3 and for females at 99, 476, 775, 1178, 2277 cm3. Moreover, this study showed that DXA-VAT was associated to a worsening of lipid, glycemic, hematocrit and kidney profile. Further studies will be needed in order to implement these findings in order to define the (DXA)-derived VAT levels associated to the frailty related risk factors in elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Spadaccini
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, Via Emilia 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.P.); (C.G.)
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Zallaq 32038, Bahrain;
| | - Gabriella Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, Via Emilia 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.P.); (C.G.)
| | - Giuseppe D’Antona
- CRIAMS-Sport Medicine Centre, University of Pavia, 27058 Voghera, Italy; (G.D.); (M.N.)
| | - Giancarlo Iannello
- General Management, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Faragli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10178 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vittoria Infantino
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.I.); (M.R.)
| | - Antonella Riva
- Research and Development Unit, Indena, 20139 Milan, Italy; (A.R.); (G.P.)
| | | | - Massimo Negro
- CRIAMS-Sport Medicine Centre, University of Pavia, 27058 Voghera, Italy; (G.D.); (M.N.)
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, Via Emilia 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.P.); (C.G.)
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.I.); (M.R.)
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Sarcopenia Detection System Using RGB-D Camera and Ultrasound Probe: System Development and Preclinical In-Vitro Test. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20164447. [PMID: 32784914 PMCID: PMC7472485 DOI: 10.3390/s20164447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is defined as muscle mass and strength loss with aging. As places, such as South Korea, Japan, and Europe have entered an aged society, sarcopenia is attracting global attention with elderly health. However, only few developed devices can quantify sarcopenia diagnosis modalities. Thus, the authors developed a sarcopenia detection system with 4 degrees of freedom to scan the human thigh with ultrasound probe and determine whether he/she has sarcopenia by inspecting the length of muscle thickness in the thigh by ultrasound image. To accurately measure the muscle thickness, the ultrasound probe attached to the sarcopenia detection system, must be moved angularly along the convex surface of the thigh with predefined pressure maintained. Therefore, the authors proposed an angular thigh scanning method for the aforementioned reason. The method first curve-fits the angular surface of the subject’s thigh with piecewise arcs using D information from a fixed RGB-D camera. Then, it incorporates a Jacobian-based ultrasound probe moving method to move the ultrasound probe along the curve-fitted arc and maintains radial interface force between the probe and the surface by force feedback control. The proposed method was validated by in-vitro test with a human thigh mimicked ham-gelatin phantom. The result showed the ham tissue thickness was maintained within approximately 26.01 ± 1.0 mm during 82° scanning with a 2.5 N radial force setting and the radial force between probe and surface of the phantom was maintained within 2.50 ± 0.1 N.
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Yamanashi H, Nobusue K, Nonaka F, Honda Y, Shimizu Y, Kawashiri SY, Izumida M, Kubo Y, Tamai M, Nagata Y, Yanagihara K, Kulkarni B, Kinra S, Kawakami A, Maeda T. Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 infection associated with sarcopenia: community-based cross-sectional study in Goto, Japan. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:15504-15513. [PMID: 32706758 PMCID: PMC7467371 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is characterized by a progressive skeletal muscle disorder that involves the loss of muscle mass and low muscle strength, which contributes to increased adverse outcomes. Few studies have investigated the association between chronic infection and sarcopenia. This study aimed to examine the association between human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) and sarcopenia. We conducted a cross-sectional study and enrolled 2,811 participants aged ≥ 40 years from a prospective cohort study in Japanese community dwellers during 2017-2019. Sarcopenia was defined as low appendicular skeletal muscle mass and low handgrip strength. The association between HTLV-1 seropositivity and sarcopenia was assessed using multivariable logistic regression. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of sarcopenia were analysed using HTLV-1 seropositivity. We adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, physical activity, systolic blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and smoking and drinking status. Of 2,811 participants, 484 (17.2%) HTLV-1 infected participants were detected. HTLV-1 infection was significantly associated with sarcopenia (adjusted OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.03-2.07, P = 0.034). HTLV-1 was associated with sarcopenia among community-dwelling adults. Active surveillance and early detection of asymptomatic HTLV-1 infection might be beneficial to reinforce countermeasures to inhibit the progress of HTLV infection-associated sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotomo Yamanashi
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Hospital, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Kenichi Nobusue
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.,Department of Island and Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Goto, Nagasaki 853-8691, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Nonaka
- Department of Island and Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Goto, Nagasaki 853-8691, Japan
| | - Yukiko Honda
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yuji Shimizu
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Kawashiri
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.,Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Mai Izumida
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Hospital, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Kubo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Mami Tamai
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nagata
- Department of Innovative Development of Human Resources for Comprehensive Community Care, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Katsunori Yanagihara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Bharati Kulkarni
- Clinical Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Sanjay Kinra
- Clinical Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India.,Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Takahiro Maeda
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan.,Department of Island and Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Goto, Nagasaki 853-8691, Japan.,Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
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30
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Duchowny KA, Hicken MT, Cawthon PM, Glymour MM, Clarke P. Life course trauma and muscle weakness in older adults by gender and race/ethnicity: Results from the U.S. health and Retirement Study. SSM Popul Health 2020; 11:100587. [PMID: 32490135 PMCID: PMC7260581 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle weakness, as measured by handgrip strength, is a primary determinant of physical functioning and disability. There is a high burden of muscle weakness in the United States with close to 50 percent of older Americans meeting criteria for clinical muscle weakness. While previous racial/ethnic disparities have been documented among older adults, the extent to which lifecourse trauma shapes muscle strength trajectories is unknown. Using U.S. Health and Retirement Study (N = 20,472, Mean Age = 63.8 years) data on grip strength (2006-2014, up to 3 assessments) and retrospectively reported traumatic events, we fit gender-stratified growth curve models to investigate whether traumatic events experienced across the lifecourse or at distinct sensitive periods (childhood, early/emerging adulthood or mid-life) predicted later-life trajectories of grip strength. There was no association between cumulative trauma and trajectories of grip strength and the main effects for the life stage models were largely null. However, among White women, our results suggest that traumatic events experienced during childhood (β = -0.012; 95% CI = -0.024, 0.0004) compared to middle adulthood are associated with faster declines in grip strength in later life. Traumatic events reported during childhood was related to a slower decline in grip strength over time among Hispanic women compared to that for White women (β = 0.086, 95% CI = 0.044, 0.128). Among Black men, the association between traumatic events during early/emerging adulthood and age-related declines in grip strength was stronger for Black men than for White men (interaction β = -0.070; 95% CI = -0.138, 0.001). Traumatic events experienced during distinct life stages may influence later life declines in grip strength and exacerbate racial inequalities in later life. This study addresses an important gap by investigating the life course social determinants of later life muscle strength, which is a key driver of physical functioning and mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate A Duchowny
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Margaret T Hicken
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peggy M Cawthon
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M Maria Glymour
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Philippa Clarke
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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31
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Messa GAM, Piasecki M, Hurst J, Hill C, Tallis J, Degens H. The impact of a high-fat diet in mice is dependent on duration and age, and differs between muscles. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb217117. [PMID: 31988167 PMCID: PMC7097303 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.217117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged high-fat diets (HFDs) can cause intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) accumulation that may negatively affect muscle function. We investigated the duration of a HFD required to instigate these changes, and whether the effects are muscle specific and aggravated in older age. Muscle morphology was determined in the soleus, extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and diaphragm muscles of female CD-1 mice from 5 groups: young fed a HFD for 8 weeks (YS-HFD, n=16), young fed a HFD for 16 weeks (YL-HFD, n=28) and young control (Y-Con, n=28). The young animals were 20 weeks old at the end of the experiment. Old (70 weeks) female CD-1 mice received either a normal diet (O-Con, n=30) or a HFD for 9 weeks (OS-HFD, n=30). Body mass, body mass index and intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) content increased in OS-HFD (P≤0.003). In the young mice, this increase was seen in YL-HFD and not YS-HFD (P≤0.006). The soleus and diaphragm fibre cross-sectional area (FCSA) in YL-HFD was larger than that in Y-Con (P≤0.004) while OS-HFD had a larger soleus FCSA compared with that of O-Con after only 9 weeks on a HFD (P<0.001). The FCSA of the EDL muscle did not differ significantly between groups. The oxidative capacity of fibres increased in young mice only, irrespective of HFD duration (P<0.001). High-fat diet-induced morphological changes occurred earlier in the old animals than in the young, and adaptations to HFD were muscle specific, with the EDL being least responsive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy A M Messa
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science & Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Mathew Piasecki
- Clinical, Metabolic and Molecular Physiology, MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Josh Hurst
- Center for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Alison Gingell Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Cameron Hill
- Center for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Alison Gingell Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, Kings College, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Jason Tallis
- Center for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Alison Gingell Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Hans Degens
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science & Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Targu Mures, Târgu Mureş 540139, Romania
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32
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Alalwan TA. Phenotypes of Sarcopenic Obesity: Exploring the Effects on Peri-Muscular Fat, the Obesity Paradox, Hormone-Related Responses and the Clinical Implications. Geriatrics (Basel) 2020; 5:geriatrics5010008. [PMID: 32075166 PMCID: PMC7151126 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics5010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenic obesity combines the words sarcopenia and obesity. This definition of obesity should be better differentiated between visceral and subcutaneous fat phenotypes. For this reason, this review lays the foundation for defining the subcutaneous and the visceral fat into the context of sarcopenia. Thus, the review aims to explore the missing links on pathogenesis of visceral fat and its relationship on age: defining the peri-muscular fat as a new entity and the subcutaneous fat as a first factor that leads to the obesity paradox. Last but not least, this review underlines and motivates the mechanisms of the hormonal responses and anti-inflammatory adipokines responsible for the clinical implications of sarcopenic visceral obesity, describing factor by factor the multiple axis between the visceral fat-sarcopenia and all mortality outcomes linked to cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cirrhosis, polycystic ovary, disability and postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq A Alalwan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
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33
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Lin J, Zheng J, Lin X, Chen Y, Li Z. A Low Creatinine to Body Weight Ratio Predicts the Incident Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Nonelderly Chinese without Obesity and Dyslipidemia: A Retrospective Study. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2020; 2020:4043871. [PMID: 32454814 PMCID: PMC7243030 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4043871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM A lower ratio of creatinine to body weight (Cr/BW) is considered the independent risk factor for incident nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the relationship between the Cr/BW ratio and NAFLD among individuals without obesity and dyslipidemia and how this relationship is impacted by age are still ambiguous. Therefore, we explored the effect of the Cr/BW ratio on the incident NAFLD among Chinese without obesity and dyslipidemia of different age groups. METHODS A total of 9756 participants without NAFLD at baseline were included and grouped by the median value (1.32) of the Cr/BW ratio. Then, a further analysis was stratified by age (60 years old). The primary outcome was new-onset NAFLD. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 2.76 years, 844 (8.7%) participants developed NAFLD. The elderly had a higher person-years incidence rate and cumulative incidence rate than the nonelderly. A high Cr/BW ratio showed a lower cumulative incidence compared to a low Cr/BW ratio for the whole population (P = 0.039) and the nonelderly group (P = 0.008). After being adjusted for multivariate variables, the lower Cr/BW ratio was the independent risk factor for incident NAFLD in the nonelderly (HR 0.718, 95% CI 0.548-0.942), instead of the elderly. CONCLUSIONS The Cr/BW ratio has a negative relationship with incident NAFLD among nonobese Chinese without dyslipidemia before the age of 60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiong Lin
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Jiehua Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Xiaoqing Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Yexi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Zhiyang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
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34
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Jang HC. Diabetes and Muscle Dysfunction in Older Adults. Ann Geriatr Med Res 2019; 23:160-164. [PMID: 32743306 PMCID: PMC7370755 DOI: 10.4235/agmr.19.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and diabetes are both risk factors for functional decline or disability in older adults with diabetes. Recent studies demonstrated that the presence of diabetes significantly increases the risk of sarcopenia, frailty, and geriatric syndrome including falls, hospitalization, disability, and mortality in older adults. They have also suggested that sarcopenia, frailty, and geriatric syndrome should be categorized as a third category of complications in addition to the traditional micro- and macro-vascular complications leading to disability in older adults with diabetes. Prevention of functional decline is a crucial strategy in geriatric management. Recovery of functional independence from dependence or disability is uncommon and lengthy. Assessments of functional status and geriatric syndrome including sarcopenia or frailty should be mandatory in older adults with diabetes to promote early interventions based on physical exercise and nutrition education. This brief review discussed age-associated and diabetes-associated muscle changes and their association with functional decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak Chul Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
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35
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Zhu S, Tian Z, Torigoe D, Zhao J, Xie P, Sugizaki T, Sato M, Horiguchi H, Terada K, Kadomatsu T, Miyata K, Oike Y. Aging- and obesity-related peri-muscular adipose tissue accelerates muscle atrophy. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221366. [PMID: 31442231 PMCID: PMC6707561 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia due to loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength leads to physical inactivity and decreased quality of life. The number of individuals with sarcopenia is rapidly increasing as the number of older people increases worldwide, making this condition a medical and social problem. Some patients with sarcopenia exhibit accumulation of peri-muscular adipose tissue (PMAT) as ectopic fat deposition surrounding atrophied muscle. However, an association of PMAT with muscle atrophy has not been demonstrated. Here, we show that PMAT is associated with muscle atrophy in aged mice and that atrophy severity increases in parallel with cumulative doses of PMAT. We observed severe muscle atrophy in two different obese model mice harboring significant PMAT relative to respective control non-obese mice. We also report that denervation-induced muscle atrophy was accelerated in non-obese young mice transplanted around skeletal muscle with obese adipose tissue relative to controls transplanted with non-obese adipose tissue. Notably, transplantation of obese adipose tissue into peri-muscular regions increased nuclear translocation of FoxO transcription factors and upregulated expression FoxO targets associated with proteolysis (Atrogin1 and MuRF1) and cellular senescence (p19 and p21) in muscle. Conversely, in obese mice, PMAT removal attenuated denervation-induced muscle atrophy and suppressed upregulation of genes related to proteolysis and cellular senescence in muscle. We conclude that PMAT accumulation accelerates age- and obesity-induced muscle atrophy by increasing proteolysis and cellular senescence in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunshun Zhu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Zhe Tian
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- * E-mail: (ZT); (YO)
| | - Daisuke Torigoe
- Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jiabin Zhao
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Peiyu Xie
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Taichi Sugizaki
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Allergy, and Vascular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Michio Sato
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Haruki Horiguchi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Division of Kumamoto Mouse Clinic, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis (IRDA), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazutoyo Terada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kadomatsu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Keishi Miyata
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Allergy, and Vascular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuichi Oike
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- * E-mail: (ZT); (YO)
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36
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Ahn JC, Sundaram V. Obesity and Liver Decompensation. Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken) 2019; 14:12-15. [PMID: 31391930 PMCID: PMC6677014 DOI: 10.1002/cld.807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C. Ahn
- Department of Internal MedicineCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Vinay Sundaram
- Division of Gastroenterology and Comprehensive Transplant CenterCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
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Sarcopenia is Associated with Malnutrition but Not with Systemic Inflammation in Older Persons with Advanced CKD. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061378. [PMID: 31248132 PMCID: PMC6628018 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), sarcopenia can be determined by a wide spectrum of risk factors. We evaluated the association of sarcopenia with nutritional, behavioral and inflammatory patterns in older patients with advanced CKD. Methods: we cross-sectionally evaluated 113 patients with CKD stages 3b-5. Sarcopenia was defined according to the EWGSOP2 criteria. We assessed: anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance analysis, physical, and psychological performance. Nutritional status was assessed using the Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS) and by verifying the eventual presence Protein Energy Wasting syndrome (PEW). Systemic inflammation was assessed by dosing: CRP, IL6, TNFα, MCP1, IL10, IL17, fetuin, IL12. Results: 24% of patients were sarcopenic. Sarcopenic individuals had lower creatinine clearance (18 ± 11 vs. 23 ± 19 mL/min; p = 0.0087) as well as lower BMI (24.8 ± 3.0 vs. 28.4 ± 5.5 Kg/m2; p < 0.0001) and a lower FTI (11.6 ± 3.9 vs. 14.4 ± 5.1 kg/m2, p = 0.023). Sarcopenic persons had higher prevalence of PEW (52 vs. 20%, p < 0.0001) and a tendency to have higher MIS (6.6 ± 6.5 vs. 4.5 ± 4.0, p = 0.09); however, they did not show any difference in systemic inflammation compared to non-sarcopenic individuals. Conclusions: CKD sarcopenic patients were more malnourished than non-sarcopenic ones, but the two groups did not show any difference in systemic inflammation.
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Tazawa R, Uchida K, Fujimaki H, Miyagi M, Inoue G, Sekiguchi H, Murata K, Takata K, Kawakubo A, Takaso M. Elevated leptin levels induce inflammation through IL-6 in skeletal muscle of aged female rats. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019; 20:199. [PMID: 31077169 PMCID: PMC6511122 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-019-2581-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic inflammation with aging contributes to sarcopenia. Previous studies have suggested that the accumulation of adipose tissue in skeletal muscle, referred to as intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), increases with age and is associated with inflammation. However, the mechanism governing ectopic inflammation in skeletal muscle due to aging is not fully understood. Leptin, an adipocytokine derived from adipose tissue, is an important mediator of inflammatory processes. We examined changes in leptin levels with age and whether leptin contributes to ectopic inflammation. Methods To evaluate ectopic inflammation in skeletal muscle, we measured alterations to the expression of inflammatory cytokine genes (Il1b, Il6, and Tnfa) and muscle break down-related gene (MuRF1 and Atrogin1) in the quadricep muscles of young (10 weeks) and aged (48 weeks) female rats using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (Q-RT-PCR). Histological examination was performed to identify the extent of IMAT. Leptin mRNA and leptin protein expression were examined using Q-RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The effect of leptin on the mRNA expression of Il1b, Il6, and Tnfa in quadricep muscle-derived cells was also examined by stimulating the cells with 0 (control), 1, or 10 μg/mL rat recombinant leptin using Q-RT-PCR. Results Aged rats had significantly higher Il6, MuRF1, and Atrogin1 but not Il1b and Tnfa, expression and greater levels of IMAT in their quadricep muscles than young rats. Aged rats also had significantly higher leptin expression and leptin protein concentration in their quadricep muscles than young rats. The addition of exogenous leptin to quadricep muscle-derived cells significantly increased the gene expression of Il1b and Il6 but not Tnfa. Conclusions Our results suggest that elevated leptin levels due to aging cause ectopic inflammation through IL-6 in the skeletal muscle of aged rats. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12891-019-2581-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Tazawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kentaro Uchida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Hisako Fujimaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masayuki Miyagi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Gen Inoue
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sekiguchi
- Shonan University of Medical Sciences Research Institute, Nishikubo 500, Chigasaki City, Kanagawa, 253-0083, Japan
| | - Kosuke Murata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Ken Takata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Ayumu Kawakubo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masashi Takaso
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
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Effect of sarcopenia on clinical outcomes following digestive carcinoma surgery: a meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer 2019; 27:2385-2394. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-04767-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Pozzobon D, Ferreira PH, Dario AB, Almeida L, Vesentini G, Harmer AR, Ferreira ML. Is there an association between diabetes and neck and back pain? A systematic review with meta-analyses. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212030. [PMID: 30789940 PMCID: PMC6383876 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Approximately half of the population will experience either low back pain or neck pain, at some point in their lives. Previous studies suggest that people with diabetes are more likely to present with chronic somatic pain, including shoulder, knee and spinal pain. This study aimed to systematically review and appraise the literature to explore the magnitude as well as the nature of the association between diabetes and back, neck, or spinal (back and neck) pain. Databases and data treatment A systematic search was performed using the Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Web of Science electronic databases. Studies which assessed the association between diabetes and back or neck pain outcomes, in participants older than 18 years of age were included. Two independent reviewers extracted data on the incidence of pain and reported associations. Results Eight studies were included in the meta-analyses. Meta-analyses showed that people with diabetes are more likely to report low back pain [5 studies; n: 131,431; odds ratio (OR): 1.35; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.20 to 1.52; p<0.001] and neck pain (2 studies; n: 6,560; OR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.47; p = 0.01) compared to those without diabetes. Results from one longitudinal cohort study suggested that diabetes is not associated with the risk of developing future neck, low back or spinal pain. Conclusions Diabetes is associated with low back and neck individually, and spinal pain. The longitudinal analysis showed no association between the conditions. Our results suggest that diabetes co-exists with back pain; however, a direct causal link between diabetes and back pain was not established. Systematic review registration PROSPERO registration CRD42016050738.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pozzobon
- Institute of Bone and Joint Research, The Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Paulo H. Ferreira
- Musculoskeletal Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Amabile B. Dario
- School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lisandra Almeida
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Giovana Vesentini
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP–Paulista State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alison R. Harmer
- Musculoskeletal Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Manuela L. Ferreira
- Institute of Bone and Joint Research, The Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Gender-specific association of body composition with inflammatory and adipose-related markers in healthy elderly Europeans from the NU-AGE study. Eur Radiol 2019; 29:4968-4979. [PMID: 30715588 PMCID: PMC6682581 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-018-5973-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this work was to examine the cross-sectional relationship between body composition (BC) markers for adipose and lean tissue and bone mass, and a wide range of specific inflammatory and adipose-related markers in healthy elderly Europeans. Methods A whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan was made in 1121 healthy (65–79 years) women and men from five European countries of the “New dietary strategies addressing the specific needs of elderly population for a healthy aging in Europe” project (NCT01754012) cohort to measure markers of adipose and lean tissue and bone mass. Pro-inflammatory (IL-6, IL-6Rα, TNF-α, TNF-R1, TNF-R2, pentraxin 3, CRP, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, albumin) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10, TGF-β1) molecules as well as adipose-related markers such as leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, and resistin were measured by magnetic bead-based multiplex-specific immunoassays and biochemical assays. Results BC characteristics were different in elderly women and men, and more favorable BC markers were associated with a better adipose-related inflammatory profile, with the exception of skeletal muscle mass index. No correlation was found with the body composition markers and circulating levels of some standard pro- and anti-inflammatory markers like IL-6, pentraxin 3, IL-10, TGF-β1, TNF-α, IL-6Rα, glycoprotein 130, TNF-α-R1, and TNF-α-R2. Conclusions The association between BC and inflammatory and adipose-related biomarkers is crucial in decoding aging and pathophysiological processes, such as sarcopenia. DXA can help in understanding how the measurement of fat and muscle is important, making the way from research to clinical practice. Key Points • Body composition markers concordantly associated positively or negatively with adipose-related and inflammatory markers, with the exception of skeletal muscle mass index. • No correlation was found with the body composition markers and circulating levels of some standard pro- and anti-inflammatory markers like IL-6, pentraxin 3, IL-10, TGF-β1, TNF-α, IL-6Rα, gp130, TNF-α-R1, and TNF-α-R2. • Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) shows a good correlation with inflammatory profile in age-related sarcopenia. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00330-018-5973-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Mizuno N, Seko Y, Kataoka S, Okuda K, Furuta M, Takemura M, Taketani H, Hara T, Umemura A, Nishikawa T, Yamaguchi K, Moriguchi M, Itoh Y. Increase in the skeletal muscle mass to body fat mass ratio predicts the decline in transaminase in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Gastroenterol 2019; 54:160-170. [PMID: 29948305 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-018-1485-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the effect of skeletal muscle and body fat on liver function in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) diagnosed by liver biopsy. METHODS Among the 219 patients with NAFLD enrolled in this study was a cohort of 139 patients who had their body composition measured with Inbody720 at baseline and at ≥ 1 year postbaseline, to elucidate the relationship between liver function and changes in skeletal muscle and body fat mass. Multivariate analysis was used to identify factors influencing low skeletal muscle mass index (SMI, defined as 7 kg/m2 in men, and 5.7 kg/m2 in women) and the skeletal muscle mass to body fat mass ratio (SF ratio). RESULTS Of the 219 patients enrolled, 27 (12.3%) had a low SMI. Patient age (> 70 years) and female gender were identified as risk factors for low SMI. Hepatic fibrosis was not associated with SMI. In the cohort followed up at baseline and 12 months later, transaminase activity, body fat mass, and SMI significantly decreased over time. Changes in the SF ratio were significantly associated with changes in liver function. An increase in the SF ratio [hazard ratio (HR) 10.99 in men, 6.849 in women] was a predictor of reduced ALT, independent of age and other backgrounds. CONCLUSIONS In the patients with NAFLD, SMI was decreased, even in the early stages of NAFLD. Therapeutic strategies for NAFLD require a reduction in body fat mass and the maintenance of skeletal muscle is also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Mizuno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yuya Seko
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Seita Kataoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Keiichiroh Okuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Furuta
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Masashi Takemura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Taketani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Tasuku Hara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Atsushi Umemura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Taichiro Nishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Kanji Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Michihisa Moriguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yoshito Itoh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
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Kim JA, Hwang SY, Chung HS, Kim NH, Seo JA, Kim SG, Kim NH, Choi KM, Baik SH, Yoo HJ. Proportion and Characteristics of the Subjects with Low Muscle Mass and Abdominal Obesity among the Newly Diagnosed and Drug-Naïve Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Diabetes Metab J 2019; 43:105-113. [PMID: 30302963 PMCID: PMC6387883 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2018.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a serious public health concern, few studies have examined the clinical implications of SO in newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. We evaluated the prevalence of the newly diagnosed, drug-naïve T2DM patients with low muscle mass with abdominal obesity and its association with insulin resistance and other diabetic complications. METHODS We classified 233 drug-naïve T2DM subjects into four groups according to abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥90 cm in men and ≥85 cm in women) and low muscle mass status (appendicular skeletal muscle <7.0 kg/m² for men and <5.4 kg/m² for women). RESULTS The proportion of the subjects with low muscle mass and abdominal obesity among the newly diagnosed, drug-naïve T2DM patients was 8.2%. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) increased linearly according to body composition group from normal to abdominal obesity to both low muscle mass and abdominal obesity. The multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that subjects with low muscle mass and abdominal obesity (odds ratio [OR], 9.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.41 to 36.56) showed a higher risk for insulin resistance, defined as HOMA-IR ≥3, than those with abdominal obesity (OR, 5.36; 95% CI, 2.46 to 11.69), even after adjusting for other covariates. However, there were no differences in lipid profiles, microalbuminuria, or various surrogate markers for atherosclerosis among the four groups. CONCLUSION Subjects with both low muscle mass and abdominal obesity had a higher risk of insulin resistance than those with low muscle mass or abdominal obesity only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung A Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Young Hwang
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Soo Chung
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Hoon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji A Seo
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Sin Gon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nan Hee Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Kyung Mook Choi
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sei Hyun Baik
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yoo
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Shida T, Oshida N, Oh S, Okada K, Shoda J. Progressive reduction in skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio is associated with a worsening of the hepatic conditions of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:495-503. [PMID: 31114278 PMCID: PMC6489648 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s185705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Deceased muscle mass combined with increased visceral fat mass is reportedly linked to a higher risk of worsening the hepatic conditions of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Objective: The aim of this study was conducted in a retrospective manner to investigate whether longitudinal changes in skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio (SV ratio), an index of sarcopenic obesity, are influential on the hepatic conditions and pathophysiology of NAFLD during the clinical course. Design: The association of SV ratio with hepatic conditions and pathophysiology was evaluated longitudinally for 2-5.5 years (median 4.1 years) in 92 patients with NAFLD (36 men and 56 women; 17-78 years). The subjects were divided into three groups according to the change in their SV ratio: improved, stable, or worsened, and the changes in parameters associated with NAFLD were compared among the groups. Results: In the group with a worsened SV ratio, visceral fat area increased (122±30-138±30 cm2; mean ± SD), whereas total muscle mass decreased (26.5±6.1-25.9±5.9 kg), which was especially noticeable in the lower extremities (14.8±3.3-14.3±3.1 kg). In accordance with the change of body composition, transient elastography showed higher levels of liver stiffness (7.7±5.4-9.0±6.0 kPa) and fat accumulation (265±43-293±48 dB/m). There were also higher levels of fasting plasma glucose (115±29-126±40 mg/dL) and HbA1c (6.0±1.1-6.3±1.0%). In contrast, deterioration in these parameters did not occur in the groups with improved or stable SV ratios. Conclusion: Collectively, a progressive reduction in skeletal muscle mass accompanied by an increase in visceral fat mass during the clinical course of NAFLD is associated with a worsening of the hepatic conditions, fat accumulation and progression of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Shida
- Tsukuba Preventive Medicine, Research Center, Tsukuba University Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Natsumi Oshida
- Master Programs in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sechang Oh
- The Center for Sports Medicine and Health Sciences, Tsukuba University Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kosuke Okada
- Tsukuba Preventive Medicine, Research Center, Tsukuba University Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Junichi Shoda
- Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Correspondence: Junichi ShodaMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki305-8575, JapanTel +81 29 853 3218Fax +81 29 853 5795Email
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Dutra MT, Martins KG, Vieira Dos Reis DB, de Oliveira Silva A, Mota MR. Association Between Adiposity Indices and Blood Pressure is Stronger in Sarcopenic Obese Women. Curr Hypertens Rev 2018; 15:161-166. [PMID: 30381084 PMCID: PMC6635645 DOI: 10.2174/1573402114666181031145341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Anthropometric indices are useful to identify excess weight and poor health outcomes. Previous re-search showed that some indices are correlated to blood pressure (BP) among adults. Yet, these associations are poorly char-acterized in women with sarcopenic obesity (SO). SO is characterized as the combination of sarcopenia and obesity and has been examined as an emerging cause of disorders and frailty. Objective: The study aims to examine the association between anthropometric indices and BP in community-dwelling wom-en with and without SO. Methods: 118 women (46.3 ± 15.6 years; 1.56 ± .07m; 66.9 ± 12.5kg) underwent BP and anthropometric assessments. Body weight, height, as well as waist (WC) and hip circumference were measured. Body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI), waist-to-hip (WHR) and waist-to-height (WHtR) ratio were calculated. SO was identified based on median values of percent body fat and muscle mass. Partial correlation was used to assess the association between adiposity indices and BP adopting age, presence of hypertension and use of antihypertensive medication as controlling variables. The signifi-cance level was set at P ≤ .05. Results: systolic BP was significantly higher in subjects with SO (126.4 ± 14.1 vs 121.0 ± 11.6mmHg, P = .01). Correla-tions between anthropometric indices and systolic BP were generally higher in women with SO, reaching statistical signifi-cance for WC (r = .39, P < .05) and WHtR (r = .30, P < .05) when age was the controlling variable. Conclusion: The association of adiposity indices and BP is stronger in subjects with SO when compared to those without SO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karla Gonçalves Martins
- State Department of Education of the Federal District, Technical School of Health of Planaltina, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandro de Oliveira Silva
- Faculty of Education and Health Sciences and CEUB Institute of Research and Development, University Center of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Márcio Rabelo Mota
- Faculty of Education and Health Sciences and CEUB Institute of Research and Development, University Center of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.,College of Physical Education, UniEVANGÉLICA, Anápolis, Brazil
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Wilkinson D, Piasecki M, Atherton P. The age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function: Measurement and physiology of muscle fibre atrophy and muscle fibre loss in humans. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 47:123-132. [PMID: 30048806 PMCID: PMC6202460 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Loss of muscle mass with age is due to atrophy and loss of individual muscle fibres. Anabolic resistance is fundamental in age-related fibre atrophy. Fibre loss is associated with denervation and remodelling of motor units. The plasticity of both factors should be considered in future research.
Age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, sarcopenia, is associated with physical frailty and increased risk of morbidity (chronic diseases), in addition to all-cause mortality. The loss of muscle mass occurs incipiently from middle-age (∼1%/year), and in severe instances can lead to a loss of ∼50% by the 8–9th decade of life. This review will focus on muscle deterioration with ageing and highlight the two underpinning mechanisms regulating declines in muscle mass and function: muscle fibre atrophy and muscle fibre loss (hypoplasia) – and their measurement. The mechanisms of muscle fibre atrophy in humans relate to imbalances in muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and breakdown (MPB); however, since there is limited evidence for basal alterations in muscle protein turnover, it would appear that “anabolic resistance” to fundamental environmental cues regulating diurnal muscle homeostasis (namely physical activity and nutrition), underlie age-related catabolic perturbations in muscle proteostasis. While the ‘upstream’ drivers of the desensitization of aged muscle to anabolic stimuli are poorly defined, they most likely relate to impaired efficiency of the conversion of nutritional/exercise stimuli into signalling impacting mRNA translation and proteolysis. Additionally, loss of muscle fibres has been shown in cadaveric studies using anatomical fibre counts, and from iEMG studies demonstrating motor unit loss, albeit with few molecular investigations of this in humans. We suggest that defining countermeasures against sarcopenia requires improved understandings of the co-ordinated regulation of muscle fibre atrophy and fibre loss, which are likely to be inextricably linked.
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Bea JW, Going SB, Wertheim BC, Bassford TL, LaCroix AZ, Wright NC, Nicholas JS, Heymsfield SB, Chen Z. Body composition and physical function in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. Prev Med Rep 2018; 11:15-22. [PMID: 30065910 PMCID: PMC6066466 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical function is critical for mobility and quality of life. We hypothesized that higher total lean mass is associated with higher physical function, and body fat inversely associated, among postmenopausal women. Women's Health Initiative Observational Study participants at Pittsburgh, PA; Birmingham, AL; and Tucson-Phoenix, AZ (1993–1998) completed dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans and the Rand SF-36 questionnaire at baseline and 3 y (N = 4526). Associations between quartiles (Q1–4) of lean or fat mass and physical function were tested using linear regression, adjusted for demographics, lifestyle factors, medical history, and scanner serial number. At baseline, participants had a mean ± SD age of 63.4 ± 7.4 y and BMI of 27.4 ± 5.8 kg/m2. Higher percent lean mass was positively associated with physical function at baseline (Q4, 83.6 ± 0.6 versus Q1, 74.6 ± 0.7; p < 0.001), while fat mass (kg and %) was inversely associated (e.g., Q4, 73.7 ± 0.7 versus Q1, 84.2 ± 0.7 kg; ptrend < 0.001). Physical function had declined across the cohort at 3 y; the highest relative lean mass quartile at baseline conferred a lesser decline in physical function than the lowest (Q4, −3.3 ± 0.6 versus Q1–7.0 ± 0.6; ptrend < 0.001), while the highest fat mass quartile (% and kg) conferred greater decline (ex. Kg Q4, −6.7 ± 0.7 versus Q1–2.8 ± 0.6; ptrend < 0.001). Increased fat mass (≥5%), but not lean mass, was associated with lower physical function at 3 y (p < 0.001). Adiposity, as well as lean mass, requires consideration in the prediction of physical function among postmenopausal women over time. Lean mass (%) is positively associated with physical function in menopause. Body fat is negatively associated with physical function in menopause. Decline in physical function is more rapid with gains in fat during menopause. Body composition influence on functional decline is more evident among women <65 y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer W. Bea
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, 3950 S Country Club Rd., Ste 330, Tucson, AZ 85714, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, 1515 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
- Corresponding author at: 1515 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| | - Scott B. Going
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, 3950 S Country Club Rd., Ste 330, Tucson, AZ 85714, USA
| | - Betsy C. Wertheim
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Tamsen L. Bassford
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, 1515 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Andrea Z. LaCroix
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0725, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Nicole C. Wright
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Blvd., Ryals Public Health Building, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jennifer S. Nicholas
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave., P.O. Box 245210, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Steven B. Heymsfield
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave., P.O. Box 245210, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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Creatine kinase is associated with reduced inflammation in a general population: The Tromsø study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198133. [PMID: 29813131 PMCID: PMC5973606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Creatine kinase (CK) has been associated with reduced inflammation in obesity while inflammation is associated with obesity-related cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the relationship between CK and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in a general population. Methods CK and hs-CRP were measured in the population-based Tromsø study that included entire birth cohorts and random samples of citizens between 30–87 years of age. The analyses were performed sex-stratified in 5969 men and 6827 women. Results CK correlated negatively with hs-CRP in men (r = -0.08, P <0.001) and women (r = -0.06, P <0.001). In univariable regression analyses, CK associated negatively with hs-CRP in men (ß = -0.14, 95% CI -0.19 to -0.10, P <0.001) and women (ß = -0.13, 95% CI -0.18 to -0.08, P <0.001). Mean CK declined from the 2. to the 4. quartiles of hs-CRP in both genders (P <0.001 for trends). There were positive correlations between CK and body mass index (BMI) in men (r = 0.10, P <0.001) and women (r = 0.07, P <0.001). Multiple regression analyses showed a 0.13 unit decrease in hs-CRP (mg/dl) per unit CK increase in men (95% CI -0.35 to -0.20) and 0.29 mg/dl in women (95% CI -0.36 to -0.21) when adjusted for age, BMI, lipids, s-glucose, s-creatinine, transaminases and coronary heart disease. Conclusion CK were inversely and independently associated with hs-CRP in a general population. These data provide evidence that CK might have anti-inflammatory properties, but the mechanism and clinical implications are unclarified.
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Xu J, Pan X, Liang H, Lin Y, Hong Y, Si Q, Shen F, Gu X. Association between skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio and arterial stiffness in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2018; 18:89. [PMID: 29739314 PMCID: PMC5941613 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-018-0827-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The skeletal muscle mass-to-visceral fat area ratio (SVR) has been linked to arterial stiffness in non-diabetic adults. We examined the association between the SVR and arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (252 men and 171 women) aged 40-75 years were enrolled and divided into three groups according to SVR tertiles. Arterial stiffness was measured as brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), with baPWV> 1800 mm/s defined as high. Spearman's partial correlation was used to adjust confounding factors. The odds ratio for high baPWV was determined by multiple logistic regression analyses, and receiver-operating characteristic analysis was conducted. RESULTS SVR was associated with baPWV in Chinese patients with T2DM (Spearman's partial correlation = - 0.129, P < 0.01). SVR was found to be significantly associated with baPWV on multiple logistic regression analysis. Patients in the lower SVR tertiles had a higher OR than did those in the higher SVR tertiles, after adjusting for multiple covariates (Q1: OR = 4.33 in men and 4.66 in women; Q3: OR = 1). The area under the curve for SVR was significantly greater than that for appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM), ASM/height2, and visceral fat area (VAF) for identifying high baPWV (0.747 in men and 0.710 in women). The optimal cutoffs values of SVR for detecting high baPWV were 191.7 g/cm2 for men and 157.3 g/cm2 for women. CONCLUSIONS SVR has an independent, negative association with arterial stiffness, and is a better risk-assessment tool than ASM, ASM/height2, and VFA in clinical practice to identify patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haili Liang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilian Hong
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiya Si
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Feixia Shen
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuejiang Gu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China.
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Shida T, Akiyama K, Oh S, Sawai A, Isobe T, Okamoto Y, Ishige K, Mizokami Y, Yamagata K, Onizawa K, Tanaka H, Iijima H, Shoda J. Skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio is an important determinant affecting hepatic conditions of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Gastroenterol 2018; 53:535-547. [PMID: 28791501 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-017-1377-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Not only obesity but also sarcopenia is associated with NAFLD. The influence of altered body composition on the pathophysiology of NAFLD has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study is to determine whether skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio (SV ratio) affects NAFLD pathophysiology. METHODS A total of 472 subjects were enrolled. The association between SV ratio and NAFLD pathophysiological factors was assessed in a cross-sectional nature by stratification analysis. RESULTS When the SV ratio was stratified by quartiles (Q 1-Q 4), the SV ratio showed a negative relationship with the degree of body mass index, HOMA-IR, and liver stiffness (Q 1, 8.9 ± 7.5 kPa, mean ± standard deviation; Q 2, 7.5 ± 6.2; Q 3, 5.8 ± 3.7; Q 4, 5.0 ± 1.9) and steatosis (Q 1, 282 ± 57 dB/m; Q 2, 278 ± 58; Q 3, 253 ± 57; Q 4, 200 ± 42) measured by transient elastography. Levels of leptin and biochemical markers of liver cell damage, liver fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress, and hepatocyte apoptosis were significantly higher in subjects in Q 1 than in those in Q 2, Q 3, or Q 4. Moreover, fat contents in femoral muscles were significantly higher in subjects in Q 1 and the change was associated with weakened muscle strength. In logistic regression analysis, NAFLD subjects with the decreased SV ratio were likely to have an increased risk of moderate-to-severe steatosis and that of advanced fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Decreased muscle mass coupled with increased visceral fat mass is closely associated with an increased risk for exacerbating NAFLD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Shida
- Doctoral Programs in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kentaro Akiyama
- Doctoral Programs in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sechang Oh
- The Center of Sports Medicine and Health Sciences, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akemi Sawai
- Doctoral Programs in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomonori Isobe
- Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Okamoto
- Division of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ishige
- Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuji Mizokami
- Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenji Yamagata
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kojiro Onizawa
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hironori Tanaka
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Takarazuka City Hospital, Takarazuka, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Iijima
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Junichi Shoda
- Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
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