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Li XJ, Gao MG, Chen XX, Rong YM, Huang LL, Huang JS. Genetically Predicted Causal Effects of Gut Microbiota and Gut Metabolites on Digestive Tract Cancer: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis. World J Oncol 2023; 14:558-569. [PMID: 38022400 PMCID: PMC10681779 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence from numerous observational studies and clinical trials has linked gut microbiota and metabolites to digestive tract cancer. However, the causal effect between these factors remains uncertain. Methods Data for this study were obtained from the MiBioGen, TwinsUK Registry, and FinnGen (version R8). Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis with inverse variance weighting method was primarily used, and the results were validated by heterogeneity analysis, pleiotropy test, and sensitivity analysis. Results At P < 5 × 10-8, our analysis identified four gut microbiotas as risk factors for digestive tract cancer and six as risk factors for colorectal cancer. Conversely, one gut microbiota exhibited protection against bile duct cancer, and two showed protective effects against stomach cancer. At P < 1 × 10-5, our investigation revealed five, six, three, eight, eight, and eight gut microbiotas as risk factors for esophageal, stomach, bile duct, liver, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers, respectively. In contrast, four, two, eight, two, two, and five gut microbiotas exhibited protective effects against these cancers. Additionally, GABA, a metabolite of gut microbiota, displayed a significant protective effect against colorectal cancer. Conclusion In conclusion, specific gut microbiota and metabolites play roles as risk factors or protective factors for digestive tract cancer, and a causal relationship between them has been established, offering novel insights into gut microbiota-mediated cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Jia Li
- VIP Department, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Meng Ge Gao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Huadu District People’s Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510800, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Xu Xian Chen
- VIP Department, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yu Ming Rong
- VIP Department, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ling Li Huang
- VIP Department, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jin Sheng Huang
- VIP Department, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Zhu L, Wang Y, Pan CQ, Xing H. Gut microbiota in alcohol-related liver disease: pathophysiology and gut-brain cross talk. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1258062. [PMID: 37601074 PMCID: PMC10436520 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1258062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) from excessive alcohol intake has a unique gut microbiota profile. The disease progression-free survival in ALD patients has been associated with the degree of gut dysbiosis. The vicious cycles between gut dysbiosis and the disease progression in ALD including: an increase of acetaldehyde production and bile acid secretion, impaired gut barrier, enrichment of circulating microbiota, toxicities of microbiota metabolites, a cascade of pro-inflammatory chemokines or cytokines, and augmentation in the generation of reactive oxygen species. The aforementioned pathophysiology process plays an important role in different disease stages with a spectrum of alcohol hepatitis, ALD cirrhosis, neurological dysfunction, and hepatocellular carcinoma. This review aims to illustrate the pathophysiology of gut microbiota and clarify the gut-brain crosstalk in ALD, which may provide the opportunity of identifying target points for future therapeutic intervention in ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Center of Liver Diseases Division 3, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, BaoJi Central Hospital, Shaanxi, China
| | - Calvin Q. Pan
- Center of Liver Diseases Division 3, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NYU Langone Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Huichun Xing
- Center of Liver Diseases Division 3, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Center of Liver Diseases, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
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Młynek M, Trzciński JW, Ciach T. Recent Advances in the Polish Research on Polysaccharide-Based Nanoparticles in the Context of Various Administration Routes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051307. [PMID: 37238978 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are the most abundant polymers in nature. They exhibit robust biocompatibility, reliable non-toxicity, and biodegradable character; thus, they are employed in multiple biomedical applications. The presence of chemically accessible functional groups on the backbone of biopolymers (amine, carboxyl, hydroxyl, etc.) makes them suitable materials for chemical modification or drug immobilisation. Among different drug delivery systems (DDSs), nanoparticles have been of great interest in scientific research in the last decades. In the following review, we want to address the issue of rational design of nanoparticle (NP)-based drug delivery systems in reference to the specificity of the medication administration route and resulting requirements. In the following sections, readers can find a comprehensive analysis of the articles published by authors with Polish affiliations in the last few years (2016-2023). The article emphasises NP administration routes and synthetic approaches, followed by in vitro and in vivo attempts toward pharmacokinetic (PK) studies. The 'Future Prospects' section was constructed to address the critical observations and gaps found in the screened studies, as well as to indicate good practices for polysaccharide-based nanoparticle preclinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Młynek
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Waryńskiego 1, 00-645 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Waldemar Trzciński
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Waryńskiego 1, 00-645 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, Poleczki 19, 02-822 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Ciach
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Waryńskiego 1, 00-645 Warsaw, Poland
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Oikawa D, Fukui K, Aoki Y, Waki T, Takahashi S, Shimoyama T, Nakayama T. Enterocloster alcoholdehydrogenati sp. nov., a Novel Bacterial Species Isolated from the Feces of a Patient with Alcoholism. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:187. [PMID: 37074467 PMCID: PMC10115706 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03285-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Strain C5-48T, an anaerobic intestinal bacterium that potentially accumulates acetaldehyde at levels exceeding its minimum mutagenic concentration (50 µM) in the colon and rectum, was isolated from the feces of a patient with alcoholism. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain C5-48T showed high similarity to the corresponding sequences of Lachnoclostridium edouardi Marseille-P3397T (95.7%) and Clostridium fessum SNUG30386T (94.7%). However, phylogenetic analysis using the sequences of the 16S rRNA, rpoB, and hsp60 genes and whole-genome analysis strongly suggested that C5-48T should be included in the genus Enterocloster. The novelty of strain C5-48T was further confirmed by comprehensive average nucleotide identity (ANI) calculations based on its whole-genome sequence, which showed appreciable ANI values with known Enterocloster species (e.g., 74.3% and 73.4% with Enterocloster bolteae WAL 16351T and Enterocloster clostridioformis ATCC 25537T, respectively). The temperature range for growth of strain C5-48T was 15-37 °C with an optimum of 37 °C. The pH range for growth was 5.5-10.5 with an optimum of 7.5. The major constituents of the cell membrane lipids of strain C5-48T were 16:0, 14:0, and 18:1 ω7c dimethyl acetal fatty acids. On the basis of the genotypic and phenotypic properties, Enterocloster alcoholdehydrogenati sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain C5-48T (= JCM 33305T = DSM 109474T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Oikawa
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-11, Aramaki, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Oiwake-Cho, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kohei Fukui
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-11, Aramaki, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yuichi Aoki
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Seiryo 2-1, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8573, Japan
- Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-3-09, Aramaki, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8679, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Waki
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-11, Aramaki, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Seiji Takahashi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-11, Aramaki, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Takefumi Shimoyama
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-11, Aramaki, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Toru Nakayama
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-11, Aramaki, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan.
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Bhandari MP, Polaka I, Vangravs R, Mezmale L, Veliks V, Kirshners A, Mochalski P, Dias-Neto E, Leja M. Volatile Markers for Cancer in Exhaled Breath-Could They Be the Signature of the Gut Microbiota? Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083488. [PMID: 37110724 PMCID: PMC10141340 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that the gut microbiota plays a central role in human health and disease. A wide range of volatile metabolites present in exhaled breath have been linked with gut microbiota and proposed as a non-invasive marker for monitoring pathological conditions. The aim of this study was to examine the possible correlation between volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath and the fecal microbiome by multivariate statistical analysis in gastric cancer patients (n = 16) and healthy controls (n = 33). Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was used to characterize the fecal microbiota. Breath-VOC profiles in the same participants were identified by an untargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. A multivariate statistical approach involving a canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and sparse principal component analysis identified the significant relationship between the breath VOCs and fecal microbiota. This relation was found to differ between gastric cancer patients and healthy controls. In 16 cancer cases, 14 distinct metabolites identified from the breath belonging to hydrocarbons, alcohols, aromatics, ketones, ethers, and organosulfur compounds were highly correlated with 33 fecal bacterial taxa (correlation of 0.891, p-value 0.045), whereas in 33 healthy controls, 7 volatile metabolites belonging to alcohols, aldehydes, esters, phenols, and benzamide derivatives correlated with 17 bacterial taxa (correlation of 0.871, p-value 0.0007). This study suggested that the correlation between fecal microbiota and breath VOCs was effective in identifying exhaled volatile metabolites and the functional effects of microbiome, thus helping to understand cancer-related changes and improving the survival and life expectancy in gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inese Polaka
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia
| | - Reinis Vangravs
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia
| | - Linda Mezmale
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia
- Riga East University Hospital, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia
- Faculty of Residency, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Viktors Veliks
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia
| | - Arnis Kirshners
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia
| | - Pawel Mochalski
- Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, PL-25406 Kielce, Poland
- Institute for Breath Research, University of Innsbruck, A-6850 Dornbirn, Austria
| | - Emmanuel Dias-Neto
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, Brazil
| | - Marcis Leja
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia
- Digestive Diseases Center GASTRO, LV-1079 Riga, Latvia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia
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Lin TC, Chuang MH, Hsiung CN, Chang PK, Sun CA, Yang T, Chou YC, Hu JM, Hsu CH. Susceptibility to Colorectal Cancer Based on HSD17B4 rs721673 and rs721675 Polymorphisms and Alcohol Intake among Taiwan Biobank Participants: A Retrospective Case Control Study Using the Nationwide Claims Data. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13040576. [PMID: 37108962 PMCID: PMC10146027 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13040576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health issue, and there are limited studies on the association between 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 4 (HSD17B4) polymorphism and CRC. We used two national databases from Taiwan to examine whether HSD17B4 rs721673, rs721675, and alcohol intake were independently and interactively correlated with CRC development. We linked the Taiwan Biobank (TWB) participants’ health and lifestyle information and genotypic data from 2012 to 2018 to the National Health Insurance Database (NHIRD) to confirm their medical records. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using data from 145 new incident CRC cases and matched 1316 healthy, non-CRC individuals. We calculated the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for CRC based on multiple logistic regression analyses. HSD17B4 rs721673 and rs721675 on chromosome 5 were significantly and positively correlated with CRC (rs721673 A > G, aOR = 2.62, p = 2.90 × 10−8; rs721675 A > T, aOR = 2.61, p = 1.01 × 10−6). Within the high-risk genotypes, significantly higher ORs were observed among the alcohol intake group. Our results demonstrated that the rs721673 and rs721675 risk genotypes of HSD17B4 might increase the risk of CRC development in Taiwanese adults, especially those with alcohol consumption habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Chiao Lin
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hua Chuang
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ni Hsiung
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Data Science Statistical Cooperation Center, Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Kai Chang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chien-An Sun
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Tsan Yang
- Department of Health Business Administration, Meiho University, Pingtung County 912, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Chou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Je-Ming Hu
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiung Hsu
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Health Service and Readiness Section, Armed Forces Taoyuan General Hospital, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan
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Systematic Review: Contribution of the Gut Microbiome to the Volatile Metabolic Fingerprint of Colorectal Neoplasia. Metabolites 2022; 13:metabo13010055. [PMID: 36676980 PMCID: PMC9865897 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been associated with changes in volatile metabolic profiles in several human biological matrices. This enables its non-invasive detection, but the origin of these volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their relation to the gut microbiome are not yet fully understood. This systematic review provides an overview of the current understanding of this topic. A systematic search using PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science according to PRISMA guidelines resulted in seventy-one included studies. In addition, a systematic search was conducted that identified five systematic reviews from which CRC-associated gut microbiota data were extracted. The included studies analyzed VOCs in feces, urine, breath, blood, tissue, and saliva. Eight studies performed microbiota analysis in addition to VOC analysis. The most frequently reported dysregulations over all matrices included short-chain fatty acids, amino acids, proteolytic fermentation products, and products related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle and Warburg metabolism. Many of these dysregulations could be related to the shifts in CRC-associated microbiota, and thus the gut microbiota presumably contributes to the metabolic fingerprint of VOC in CRC. Future research involving VOCs analysis should include simultaneous gut microbiota analysis.
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Gomes S, Teixeira-Guedes C, Silva E, Baltazar F, Preto A. Colon microbiota modulation by dairy-derived diet: new strategy for prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. Food Funct 2022; 13:9183-9194. [PMID: 35996962 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01720b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An unbalanced diet is one of the well-known risk factors for the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). This type of cancer is currently the main cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, urging the need for new and more effective preventive and therapeutic approaches. It is already known that CRC patients have alterations in the microbial community and metabolism. In this regard, a concept that has been recently attracting the attention of the scientific community is the development of functional food or nutraceuticals, as a new and more effective strategy to overcome CRC patient-associated dysbiosis. Particularly, dairy product enriched diets are the major dairy source of dietary calcium, vitamin D and folate intake, which are well-known to have a protective effect against CRC development. In addition, these products are rich in both pre- and probiotics, constituting a double strategy to modulate both the intestinal microbiota composition and the production of microbial metabolites. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), namely, acetate, butyrate, and propionate, are major contributors to colonic homeostasis since they regulate several biological and metabolic processes. In this review, we performed a state of art study concerning the use of dietary patterns, specifically the dairy-derived diet, in the modulation of the human microbiota and their potential use as pre-, pro- or synbiotics for the development of new preventive and therapeutic strategies for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gomes
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology. Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal. .,IBS - Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS - Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University (BU), London, UK
| | - Catarina Teixeira-Guedes
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology. Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal. .,IBS - Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás dos Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Silva
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University (BU), London, UK
| | - Fátima Baltazar
- ICVS - Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana Preto
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology. Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal. .,IBS - Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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9
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Xing C, Du Y, Duan T, Nim K, Chu J, Wang HY, Wang RF. Interaction between microbiota and immunity and its implication in colorectal cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:963819. [PMID: 35967333 PMCID: PMC9373904 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.963819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in the world. Besides genetic causes, colonic inflammation is one of the major risk factors for CRC development, which is synergistically regulated by multiple components, including innate and adaptive immune cells, cytokine signaling, and microbiota. The complex interaction between CRC and the gut microbiome has emerged as an important area of current CRC research. Metagenomic profiling has identified a number of prominent CRC-associated bacteria that are enriched in CRC patients, linking the microbiota composition to colitis and cancer development. Some microbiota species have been reported to promote colitis and CRC development in preclinical models, while a few others are identified as immune modulators to induce potent protective immunity against colitis and CRC. Mechanistically, microbiota regulates the activation of different immune cell populations, inflammation, and CRC via crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune signaling pathways, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), type I interferon, and inflammasome. In this review, we provide an overview of the potential interactions between gut microbiota and host immunity and how their crosstalk could synergistically regulate inflammation and CRC, thus highlighting the potential roles and mechanisms of gut microbiota in the development of microbiota-based therapies to prevent or alleviate colitis and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Xing
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yang Du
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tianhao Duan
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kelly Nim
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Junjun Chu
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Helen Y. Wang
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Rong-Fu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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10
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Relationship between gut microbiota and colorectal cancer: Probiotics as a potential strategy for prevention. Food Res Int 2022; 156:111327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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11
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Kwan SY, Jiao J, Joon A, Wei P, Petty LE, Below JE, Daniel CR, Wu X, Zhang J, Jenq RR, Futreal PA, Hawk ET, McCormick JB, Fisher-Hoch SP, Beretta L. Gut microbiome features associated with liver fibrosis in Hispanics, a population at high risk for fatty liver disease. Hepatology 2022; 75:955-967. [PMID: 34633706 PMCID: PMC8930512 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hispanics are disproportionately affected by NAFLD, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC. Preventive strategies and noninvasive means to identify those in this population at high risk for liver fibrosis, are urgently needed. We aimed to characterize the gut microbiome signatures and related biological functions associated with liver fibrosis in Hispanics and identify environmental and genetic factors affecting them. APPROACH AND RESULTS Subjects of the population-based Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (CCHC; n = 217) were screened by vibration-controlled transient elastography (FibroScan). Among them, 144 (66.7%) had steatosis and 28 (13.0%) had liver fibrosis. The gut microbiome of subjects with liver fibrosis was enriched with immunogenic commensals (e.g., Prevotella copri, Holdemanella, Clostridiaceae 1) and depleted of Bacteroides caccae, Parabacteroides distasonis, Enterobacter, and Marinifilaceae. The liver fibrosis-associated metagenome was characterized by changes in the urea cycle, L-citrulline biosynthesis and creatinine degradation pathways, and altered synthesis of B vitamins and lipoic acid. These metagenomic changes strongly correlated with the depletion of Parabacteroides distasonis and enrichment of Prevotella and Holdemanella. Liver fibrosis was also associated with depletion of bacterial pathways related to L-fucose biosynthesis. Alcohol consumption, even moderate, was associated with high Prevotella abundance. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs3769502 and rs7573751 in the NCK adaptor protein 2 (NCK2) gene positively associated with high Prevotella abundance. CONCLUSION Hispanics with liver fibrosis display microbiome profiles and associated functional changes that may promote oxidative stress and a proinflammatory environment. These microbiome signatures, together with NCK2 polymorphisms, may have utility in risk modeling and disease prevention in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suet-Ying Kwan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Aron Joon
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Peng Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lauren E. Petty
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute and Department of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jennifer E. Below
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute and Department of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Carrie R. Daniel
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiaogang Wu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Robert R. Jenq
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - P. Andrew Futreal
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ernest T. Hawk
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Joseph B. McCormick
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Brownsville Regional Campus, Brownsville, Texas
| | - Susan P. Fisher-Hoch
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Brownsville Regional Campus, Brownsville, Texas
| | - Laura Beretta
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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12
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Shen TCD, Daniel SG, Patel S, Kaplan E, Phung L, Lemelle-Thomas K, Chau L, Herman L, Trisolini C, Stonelake A, Toal E, Khungar V, Bittinger K, Reddy KR, Wu GD. The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1987781. [PMID: 34747331 PMCID: PMC8583005 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1987781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Most studies examining correlations between the gut microbiota and disease states focus on fecal samples due to ease of collection, yet there are distinct differences when compared to samples collected from the colonic mucosa. Although fecal microbiota has been reported to be altered in cirrhosis, correlation with mucosal microbiota characterized via rectal swab has not been previously described in this patient population. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using 39 stool and 39 rectal swabs from adult patients with cirrhosis of different etiologies and performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Bacterial growth studies were performed with Escherichia coli. Two asaccharolytic bacterial taxa, Finegoldia magna and Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, were increased in rectal swabs relative to stool (FDR < 0.01). Genomic analysis of the microbiome revealed 58 genes and 16 pathways that differed between stool and rectal swabs (FDR < 0.05), where rectal swabs were enriched for pathways associated with protein synthesis and cellular proliferation but decreased in carbohydrate metabolism. Although no features in the fecal microbiome differentiated cirrhosis etiologies, the mucosal microbiome revealed decreased abundances of E. coli and Enterobacteriaceae in alcohol-related cirrhosis relative to non-alcohol related cirrhosis (FDR < 0.05). In vitro bacterial culture studies showed that physiological concentrations of ethanol and its oxidative metabolites inhibited E. coli growth in a pH- and concentration-dependent manner. Characterization of the mucosally associated gut microbiome via rectal swab revealed findings consistent with amino acid/nitrogen abundance versus carbohydrate limitation in the mucosal microenvironment as well as unique features of alcohol-related cirrhosis possibly consistent with the influence of host-derived metabolites on the composition of mucosally adherent microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Chin David Shen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,CONTACT Ting-Chin David Shen 906 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA19104, USA
| | - Scott G. Daniel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shivali Patel
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emily Kaplan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lillian Phung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kaylin Lemelle-Thomas
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lillian Chau
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lindsay Herman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Calvin Trisolini
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aimee Stonelake
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emily Toal
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vandana Khungar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kyle Bittinger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - K. Rajender Reddy
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gary D. Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,Gary Wu 915 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA19104, USA
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13
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Fang C, Zhou Q, Liu Q, Jia W, Xu Y. Crosstalk between gut microbiota and host lipid metabolism in a mouse model of alcoholic liver injury by chronic baijiu or ethanol feeding. Food Funct 2021; 13:596-608. [PMID: 34927188 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02892h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence highlights the important role of gut microbiota and host metabolism, particularly for lipid metabolism, in the development and progression of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). However, the effects of fermented alcoholic beverages on gut microbiota and host lipid metabolism remain under-investigated. Moreover, the crosstalk between gut microbiota and host lipid metabolism is still unclear in experimental ALD. Baijiu is a traditional Chinese alcoholic beverage. It contains large amounts of small molecule bioactive compounds in addition to a significant amount of ethanol (EtOH). In this study, we showed that baijiu caused lower degrees of liver injury than pure EtOH as revealed by phenotypic, biochemical and histologic analyses. Furthermore, baijiu and EtOH gavage resulted in different gut microbiota structures. Specifically, the baijiu group had a significantly higher abundance of Ruminococcus, Oscillospira, Mucispirillum, Bilophila, Parabacteroides and Odoribacter and a lower abundance of Helicobacter and Prevotella than that of the EtOH group. Using a targeted metabolomics approach, we also observed a greater than 19% increase of total hepatic free fatty acids (FFAs) after baijiu feeding and a 33% increase of hepatic FFAs after EtOH feeding. Baijiu feeding significantly increased total hepatic mono-unsaturated FAs (MUFAs). In contrast, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), MUFAs and saturated FAs were significantly increased by EtOH feeding. Finally, Spearman's rank correlation showed that the increased levels of FFAs (mainly C20 and C22 unsaturated FAs) significantly correlated with key different gut microbiota, including a positive correlation with Desulfovibrio, Maihella, Helicobacter, Acholeplasma, Parasutterella, Prevotella, AF12 and Alistipes, and a negative correlation with Dorea, Olsenella, Adlercreutzia and Akkermansia. Our results suggest that compounds in baijiu attenuated the development of ALD and thus provided supporting evidence that the host-gut microbiota metabolic interactions play an important role in the development of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China. .,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingwu Zhou
- The Center for Solid-state Fermentation Engineering of Anhui Province, Bozhou, China
| | - Qingyang Liu
- The Center for Solid-state Fermentation Engineering of Anhui Province, Bozhou, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China.,School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China. .,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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14
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The Role of Diet and Lifestyle in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235933. [PMID: 34885046 PMCID: PMC8657307 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This systematic review sifted through the exogenous dietary and lifestyle risk factors associated with early-onset colorectal cancer, going through the putative involvement of these exogenous risk factors in epigenetic and microbiota modifications. Given the burden of early-onset colorectal cancer and its globally increasing trend with scant literature on its pathogenesis, we believe it would be of benefit to highlight the importance of further systematic and large studies. Indeed, dietary and lifestyle modification could complement colorectal screening for early-onset colorectal cancer prevention. Abstract The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer, defined as colorectal cancer occurring in young adults under the age of 50, is increasing globally. Knowledge of the etiological factors in young adults is far from complete. Questionable eoCRCs’ exogenous factors are represented by processed meat, sugary drinks, alcohol, Western dietary pattern, overweight and obesity, physical inactivity, and smoking, though with heterogeneous results. Therefore, we performed a systematic review to summarize the current evidence on the role of diet and lifestyle as eoCRC risk factors. We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE up to July 2021, for original studies evaluating diet, alcohol, physical activity, BMI, and smoking in eoCRC and included twenty-six studies. Indeed, the exogenous factors could represent modifiable key factors, whose recognition could establish areas of future interventions through public health strategies for eoCRC primary prevention. Additionally, we discussed the role of additional non-modifiable risk factors, and of epigenetic regulation and microbiota as mediators of the eoCRC triggered by diet and lifestyle.
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15
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Fu X, Chen T, Cai J, Liu B, Zeng Y, Zhang X. The Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis, a Potential Therapeutic Target for Substance-Related Disorders. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:738401. [PMID: 34690981 PMCID: PMC8526971 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.738401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Substance addiction is a complex worldwide public health problem. It endangers both personal life and social stability, causing great loss on economy. Substance-related disorder is considered to be a complicated chronic brain disorder. It resulted from interactions among pharmacological properties of addictive substances, individual susceptibility, and social–environmental factors. Unfortunately, there is still no ideal treatment for this disorder. Recent lines of evidence suggest that gut microbiome may play an important role in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders, including substance-related disorders. This review summarizes the research on the relationship between gut microbiome and substance-related disorders, including different types of substance, different individual susceptibility, and the occurrence and development of substance-induced mental disorders. We also discuss the potentiation of gut microbiome in the treatment of substance-related disorders, especially in the treatment of substance-induced mental disorders and manipulation on individuals’ responsiveness to addictive substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Fu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China.,Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ti Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingda Cai
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China.,Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China.,Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yaohui Zeng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China.,Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China.,Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
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16
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Peng Y, Zhang D, Chen T, Xia Y, Wu P, Seto WK, Kozyrskyj AL, Cowling BJ, Zhao J, Tun HM. Gut microbiome and resistome changes during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in comparison with pre-pandemic travel-related changes. J Travel Med 2021; 28:6265043. [PMID: 33949663 PMCID: PMC8135950 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taab067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19-associated measures had a greater impact on gut microbiota, ARGs, and BRGs than did pre-pandemic international travel. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Actinobacteria richness decreased while genes conferring resistance to beta-lactam, polystyrene and phthalate increased. Such alterations may affect both colonisation resistance and acquisition and spread of antimicrobial resistance in future travels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Peng
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Dengwei Zhang
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Ting Chen
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wu
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Wai-Kay Seto
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | | | - Benjamin J Cowling
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jincun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hein M Tun
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Johnson CH, Golla JP, Dioletis E, Singh S, Ishii M, Charkoftaki G, Thompson DC, Vasiliou V. Molecular Mechanisms of Alcohol-Induced Colorectal Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4404. [PMID: 34503214 PMCID: PMC8431530 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of colorectal cancer (CRC) is complex. Approximately, 10% of individuals with CRC have predisposing germline mutations that lead to familial cancer syndromes, whereas most CRC patients have sporadic cancer resulting from a combination of environmental and genetic risk factors. It has become increasingly clear that chronic alcohol consumption is associated with the development of sporadic CRC; however, the exact mechanisms by which alcohol contributes to colorectal carcinogenesis are largely unknown. Several proposed mechanisms from studies in CRC models suggest that alcohol metabolites and/or enzymes associated with alcohol metabolism alter cellular redox balance, cause DNA damage, and epigenetic dysregulation. In addition, alcohol metabolites can cause a dysbiotic colorectal microbiome and intestinal permeability, resulting in bacterial translocation, inflammation, and immunosuppression. All of these effects can increase the risk of developing CRC. This review aims to outline some of the most significant and recent findings on the mechanisms of alcohol in colorectal carcinogenesis. We examine the effect of alcohol on the generation of reactive oxygen species, the development of genotoxic stress, modulation of one-carbon metabolism, disruption of the microbiome, and immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline H. Johnson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (C.H.J.); (J.P.G.); (E.D.); (S.S.); (M.I.); (G.C.); (D.C.T.)
| | - Jaya Prakash Golla
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (C.H.J.); (J.P.G.); (E.D.); (S.S.); (M.I.); (G.C.); (D.C.T.)
| | - Evangelos Dioletis
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (C.H.J.); (J.P.G.); (E.D.); (S.S.); (M.I.); (G.C.); (D.C.T.)
| | - Surendra Singh
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (C.H.J.); (J.P.G.); (E.D.); (S.S.); (M.I.); (G.C.); (D.C.T.)
| | - Momoko Ishii
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (C.H.J.); (J.P.G.); (E.D.); (S.S.); (M.I.); (G.C.); (D.C.T.)
| | - Georgia Charkoftaki
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (C.H.J.); (J.P.G.); (E.D.); (S.S.); (M.I.); (G.C.); (D.C.T.)
| | - David C. Thompson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (C.H.J.); (J.P.G.); (E.D.); (S.S.); (M.I.); (G.C.); (D.C.T.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (C.H.J.); (J.P.G.); (E.D.); (S.S.); (M.I.); (G.C.); (D.C.T.)
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18
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Kasai H, Kawai K. Free radical-mediated acetaldehyde formation by model reactions of dietary components: effects of meat, wine, cooking oil and coffee. Genes Environ 2021; 43:28. [PMID: 34243819 PMCID: PMC8268395 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-021-00201-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alcohol consumption and the ingestion of red meat and oxidized cooking oil are risk factors of gastric and colorectal cancers. We reported that acetaldehyde (AcAld) is generated from Heme/Mb/Meat-Linoleate-EtOH model reaction mixtures, and thus could be a new plausible mechanism for the carcinogenesis (Kasai and Kawai, ACS Omega, 2021). Results In this study, we investigated the effects of wine and coffee, in addition to meat components, on this reaction. Depending on the conditions, such as pH, reaction time and choice of free hemin, myoglobin (Mb), as well as meat extracts (raw meat, baked meat, salami), wine and coffee enhanced AcAld formation. Polyphenols in red wine and coffee may stimulate AcAld formation by acting as pro-oxidants in the presence of Heme/Mb/Meat. In a model reaction of Mb + EtOH + H2O2, we observed time-dependent AcAld formation. In support of these in vitro data, after the consumption of a red meat-rich diet with red wine, the fecal AcAld level significantly increased as compared to the levels associated with a diet of fish + wine, or red meat without alcohol. Conclusions These results suggested that AcAld generation from dietary components may be an important mechanism of gastrointestinal tract carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kasai
- Department of Environmental Oncology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Kitakyushu, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Kawai
- Department of Environmental Oncology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Kitakyushu, Japan.,Center for Stress-related Disease Control and Prevention, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Kitakyushu, Japan
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19
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Ponziani FR, Picca A, Marzetti E, Calvani R, Conta G, Del Chierico F, Capuani G, Faccia M, Fianchi F, Funaro B, Josè Coelho-Junior H, Petito V, Rinninella E, Paroni Sterbini F, Reddel S, Vernocchi P, Cristina Mele M, Miccheli A, Putignani L, Sanguinetti M, Pompili M, Gasbarrini A. Characterization of the gut-liver-muscle axis in cirrhotic patients with sarcopenia. Liver Int 2021; 41:1320-1334. [PMID: 33713524 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM Sarcopenia is frequent in cirrhosis and is associated with unfavourable outcomes. The role of the gut-liver-muscle axis in this setting has been poorly investigated. The aim of this study was to identify gut microbiota, metabolic and inflammatory signatures associated with sarcopenia in cirrhotic patients. METHODS Fifty cirrhotic patients assessed for the presence of sarcopenia by the quantification of muscle mass and strength were compared with age- and sex-matched controls. A multiomic analysis, including gut microbiota composition and metabolomics, serum myokines and systemic and intestinal inflammatory mediators, was performed. RESULTS The gut microbiota of sarcopenic cirrhotic patients was poor in bacteria associated with physical function (Methanobrevibacter, Prevotella and Akkermansia), and was enriched in Eggerthella, a gut microbial marker of frailty. The abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria, such as Klebsiella, was also increased, to the detriment of autochthonous ones. Sarcopenia was associated with elevated serum levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in cirrhotic patients. Gut microbiota metabolic pathways involved in amino acid, protein and branched-chain amino acid metabolism were up-regulated, in addition to ethanol, trimethylamine and dimethylamine production. Correlation networks and clusters of variables associated with sarcopenia were identified, including one centred on Klebsiella/ethanol/FGF21/Eggerthella/Prevotella. CONCLUSIONS Alterations in the gut-liver-muscle axis are associated with sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis. Detrimental but also compensatory functions are involved in this complex network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Romana Ponziani
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology - Liver Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Picca
- Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giorgia Conta
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Del Chierico
- Area of Genetics and Rare Diseases, Unit of Human Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Capuani
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Area of Genetics and Rare Diseases, Unit of Human Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,NMR-based Metabolomics Laboratory, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariella Faccia
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology - Liver Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Fianchi
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology - Liver Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Funaro
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology - Liver Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Helio Josè Coelho-Junior
- Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Petito
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology - Liver Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Rinninella
- Clinical Nutrition, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sofia Reddel
- Area of Genetics and Rare Diseases, Unit of Human Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Pamela Vernocchi
- Area of Genetics and Rare Diseases, Unit of Human Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Mele
- Advanced Nutrition in Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Miccheli
- NMR-based Metabolomics Laboratory, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Clinical Nutrition, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Microbiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Advanced Nutrition in Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenza Putignani
- Department of Laboratories, Unit of Parasitology and Area of Genetics and Rare Diseases, Unit of Human Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sanguinetti
- Microbiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology - Liver Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology - Liver Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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20
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Effects of multi-species probiotic supplementation on alcohol metabolism in rats. J Microbiol 2021; 59:417-425. [PMID: 33779954 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-021-0573-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics are known to protect against liver damage induced by the alcohol and acetaldehyde accumulation associated with alcohol intake. However, there have been few studies of the direct effect of probiotics on alcohol metabolism, and the types of probiotics that were previously analyzed were few in number. Here, we investigated the effects of 19 probiotic species on alcohol and acetaldehyde metabolism. Four probiotic species that had a relatively high tolerance to alcohol and metabolized alcohol and acetaldehyde effectively were identified: Lactobacillus gasseri CBT LGA1, Lactobacillus casei CBT LC5, Bifidobacterium lactis CBT BL3, and Bifidobacterium breve CBT BR3. These species also demonstrated high mRNA expression of alcohol and acetaldehyde dehydrogenases. ProAP4, a mixture of these four probiotics species and excipient, was then administered to rats for 2 weeks in advance of acute alcohol administration. The serum alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations were significantly lower in the ProAP4-administered group than in the control and excipient groups. Thus, the administration of ProAP4, containing four probiotic species, quickly lowers blood alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations in an alcohol and acetaldehyde dehydrogenasedependent manner. Furthermore, the serum alanine aminotransferase activity, which is indicative of liver damage, was significantly lower in the ProAP4 group than in the control group. The present findings suggest that ProAP4 may be an effective means of limiting alcohol-induced liver damage.
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21
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Translational Approaches with Antioxidant Phytochemicals against Alcohol-Mediated Oxidative Stress, Gut Dysbiosis, Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction, and Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030384. [PMID: 33806556 PMCID: PMC8000766 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging data demonstrate the important roles of altered gut microbiomes (dysbiosis) in many disease states in the peripheral tissues and the central nervous system. Gut dysbiosis with decreased ratios of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes and other changes are reported to be caused by many disease states and various environmental factors, such as ethanol (e.g., alcohol drinking), Western-style high-fat diets, high fructose, etc. It is also caused by genetic factors, including genetic polymorphisms and epigenetic changes in different individuals. Gut dysbiosis, impaired intestinal barrier function, and elevated serum endotoxin levels can be observed in human patients and/or experimental rodent models exposed to these factors or with certain disease states. However, gut dysbiosis and leaky gut can be normalized through lifestyle alterations such as increased consumption of healthy diets with various fruits and vegetables containing many different kinds of antioxidant phytochemicals. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of gut dysbiosis, leaky gut, endotoxemia, and fatty liver disease with a specific focus on the alcohol-associated pathways. We also mention translational approaches by discussing the benefits of many antioxidant phytochemicals and/or their metabolites against alcohol-mediated oxidative stress, gut dysbiosis, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and fatty liver disease.
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22
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Zhang X, Zhong H, Li Y, Shi Z, Ren H, Zhang Z, Zhou X, Tang S, Han X, Lin Y, Yang F, Wang D, Fang C, Fu Z, Wang L, Zhu S, Hou Y, Xu X, Yang H, Wang J, Kristiansen K, Li J, Ji L. Sex- and age-related trajectories of the adult human gut microbiota shared across populations of different ethnicities. NATURE AGING 2021; 1:87-100. [PMID: 37118004 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-020-00014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Lifelong sex- and age-related trajectories of the human gut microbiota remain largely unexplored. Using metagenomics, we derived the gut microbial composition of 2,338 adults (26-76 years) from a Han Chinese population-based cohort where metabolic health, hormone levels and aspects of their lifestyles were also recorded. In this cohort, and in three independent cohorts distributed across China, Israel and the Netherlands, we observed sex differences in the gut microbial composition and a shared age-related decrease in sex-dependent differences in gut microbiota. Compared to men, the gut microbiota of premenopausal women exhibited higher microbial diversity and higher abundances of multiple species known to have beneficial effects on host metabolism. We also found consistent sex-independent, age-related gut microbial characteristics across all populations, with the presence of members of the oral microbiota being the strongest indicator of older chronological age. Our findings highlight the existence of sex- and age-related trajectories in the human gut microbiota that are shared between populations of different ethnicities and emphasize the pivotal links between sex hormones, gut microbiota and host metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Huanzi Zhong
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Pinggu Campus, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Huahui Ren
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Xianghai Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Centre, Beijing, China
| | | | - Xueyao Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Centre, Beijing, China
| | | | - Fangming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Chao Fang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zuodi Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Pinggu Campus, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lianying Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Pinggu Campus, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Xun Xu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huanming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Karsten Kristiansen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Junhua Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Linong Ji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Centre, Beijing, China.
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23
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Kim M, Lee ST, Choi S, Lee H, Kwon SS, Byun JH, Kim YA, Rhee KJ, Choi JR, Kim TI, Lee K. Fusobacterium nucleatum in biopsied tissues from colorectal cancer patients and alcohol consumption in Korea. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19915. [PMID: 33199749 PMCID: PMC7669878 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76467-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The roles of individual bacteria and their relationship in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of CRC-associated bacteria using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) or 16S rRNA analysis and the statistical correlations of patient demographics and clinical characteristics comprising alcohol consumption with CRC-associated bacteria. We determined the prevalence of five CRC-associated bacterial species in 38 CRC patients (39 samples) and 21 normal individuals using qPCR, and the relative abundance of bacterial taxa in the gut microbiome was assessed using 16S rRNA analysis. Fusobacterium nucleatum was the only bacterium that was significantly (P < 0.0001) more prevalent in the cancer tissue (82.1%) than in the normal tissue (0%) by qPCR. 16S rRNA analysis showed a significant correlation between six operational taxonomic units (OTUs), namely, the genera Fusobacterium, Peptostreptococcus, Collinsella, Prevotella, Parvimonas, and Gemella, in patients with CRC. An integrated analysis using 16S rRNA data and epidemiological characteristics showed that alcohol consumption was significantly correlated with the abundance of Fusobacterium OTUs. The correlation of alcohol consumption with the abundance of Fusobacterium OTUs in cancer tissue discovered using 16S rRNA analysis suggests a possible link between alcohol metabolism and subsequent tumorigenesis caused by F. nucleatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myungsook Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Seung-Tae Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Songyi Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Hyukmin Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Sun Sung Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Byun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeonsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Young Ah Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Ki-Jong Rhee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University College of Health Sciences, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Jong Rak Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Tae Il Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Kyungwon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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24
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Mukherji R, Weinberg BA. The gut microbiome and potential implications for early-onset colorectal cancer. COLORECTAL CANCER 2020. [DOI: 10.2217/crc-2020-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recently, there has been an unexpected trend toward increased incidence of colorectal cancer in younger individuals, particularly distal colon and rectal cancer in those under age 50. There is evidence to suggest that the human gut microbiome may play a role in carcinogenesis. The microbiome is dynamic and varies with age, geography, ethnicity and diet. Certain bacteria such as Fusobacterium nucleatum have been implicated in the development of colorectal and other gastrointestinal cancers. Recent data suggest that bacteria can alter the inflammatory and immune environment, influencing carcinogenesis, lack of treatment response and prognosis. Studies to date focus on older patients. Because the microbiome varies with age, it could be a potential explanation for the rise in early-onset colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reetu Mukherji
- Ruesch Center for the Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057 USA
| | - Benjamin A Weinberg
- Ruesch Center for the Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057 USA
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25
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Addolorato G, Ponziani FR, Dionisi T, Mosoni C, Vassallo GA, Sestito L, Petito V, Picca A, Marzetti E, Tarli C, Mirijello A, Zocco MA, Lopetuso LR, Antonelli M, Rando MM, Paroni Sterbini F, Posteraro B, Sanguinetti M, Gasbarrini A. Gut microbiota compositional and functional fingerprint in patients with alcohol use disorder and alcohol-associated liver disease. Liver Int 2020; 40:878-888. [PMID: 31951082 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Alcohol use disorder (AUD) represents the most common cause of liver disease. The gut microbiota plays a critical role in the progression of alcohol-related liver damage. Aim of this study was to characterize the gut microbial composition and function in AUD patients with alcohol-associated liver disease (AALD). METHODS This study included 36 AUD patients (14 with cirrhosis) who were active drinkers and an equal number of matched controls. Stool microbial composition, serum levels of lipopolysaccharide, cytokines/chemokines and gut microbiota functional profile were assessed. RESULTS AUD patients had a decreased microbial alpha diversity as compared to controls (0.092 vs 0.130, P = .047) and a specific gut microbial signature. The reduction of Akkermansia and the increase in Bacteroides were able to identify AUD patients with an accuracy of 93.4%. Serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (4.91 vs 2.43, P = .009) and pro-inflammatory mediators (tumour necrosis factor alpha 60.85 vs 15.08, P = .001; interleukin [IL] 1beta 4.43 vs 1.72, P = .0001; monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 225.22 vs 16.43, P = .006; IL6 1.87 vs 1.23, P = .008) were significantly increased in AUD patients compared to controls and in cirrhotic patients compared to non-cirrhotic ones (IL6 3.74 vs 1.39, P = .019; IL8 57.60 vs 6.53, P = .004). The AUD-associated gut microbiota showed an increased expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolic pathways and energy metabolism. CONCLUSIONS AUD patients present a specific gut microbial fingerprint, associated with increased endotoxaemia, systemic inflammatory status and functional alterations that may be involved in the progression of the AALD and in the pathogenesis of AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Addolorato
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Alcohol Use Disorder and Alcohol Related Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca R Ponziani
- Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Dionisi
- Alcohol Use Disorder and Alcohol Related Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Mosoni
- Alcohol Use Disorder and Alcohol Related Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Luisa Sestito
- Alcohol Use Disorder and Alcohol Related Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Petito
- Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Picca
- Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Tarli
- Alcohol Use Disorder and Alcohol Related Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Mirijello
- Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Zocco
- Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Loris R Lopetuso
- Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Antonelli
- Alcohol Use Disorder and Alcohol Related Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria M Rando
- Alcohol Use Disorder and Alcohol Related Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Paroni Sterbini
- Department of Laboratory and Infectious Disease Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Brunella Posteraro
- Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Microbiology, Chatoloc University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sanguinetti
- Department of Laboratory and Infectious Disease Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Microbiology, Chatoloc University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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26
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Samuelson DR, Siggins RW, Ruan S, Amedee AM, Sun J, Zhu QK, Marasco WA, Taylor CM, Luo M, Welsh DA, Shellito JE. Alcohol consumption increases susceptibility to pneumococcal pneumonia in a humanized murine HIV model mediated by intestinal dysbiosis. Alcohol 2019; 80:33-43. [PMID: 30213614 PMCID: PMC6449221 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use in persons living with HIV (PLWH) worsens the severity of bacterial pneumonia. However, the exact mechanism(s) by which this occurs remain ill-defined. We hypothesized that alcohol in the setting of HIV infection decreases Streptococcus pneumoniae clearance from the lung through mechanisms mediated by the gut microbiota. Humanized BLT (bone marrow, liver, thymus) mice were infected with 1 × 104 TCID50 of HIV (BAL and JRCSF strains) via intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. One week post-HIV infection, animals were switched to a Lieber-DeCarli 5% ethanol diet or an isocaloric control diet for 10 days. Alcohol-fed animals were also given two binges of 2 g/kg ethanol on days 5 and 10. Feces were also collected, banked, and the community structures were analyzed. Mice were then infected with 1 × 105 CFU (colony-forming units) of S. pneumoniae and were sacrificed 48 h later. HIV-infected mice had viral loads of ∼2 × 104 copies/mL of blood 1 week post-infection, and exhibited an ∼57% decrease in the number of circulating CD4+ T cells at the time of sacrifice. Fecal microbial community structure was significantly different in each of the feeding groups, as well as with HIV infection. Alcohol-fed mice had a significantly higher burden of S. pneumoniae 48 h post-infection, regardless of HIV status. In follow-up experiments, female C57BL/6 mice were treated with a cocktail of antibiotics daily for 2 weeks and recolonized by gavage with intestinal microbiota from HIV+ ethanol-fed, HIV+ pair-fed, HIV- ethanol-fed, or HIV- pair-fed mice. Recolonized mice were then infected with S. pneumoniae and were sacrificed 48 h later. The intestinal microbiota from alcohol-fed mice (regardless of HIV status) significantly impaired clearance of S. pneumoniae. Collectively, these data indicate that alcohol feeding, as well as alcohol-associated intestinal dysbiosis, compromise pulmonary host defenses against pneumococcal pneumonia. Determining whether HIV infection acts synergistically with alcohol use in impairing pulmonary host defenses will require additional study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick R Samuelson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care & Allergy/Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Robert W Siggins
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Sanbao Ruan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care & Allergy/Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Angela M Amedee
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Jiusong Sun
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, United States
| | - Quan Karen Zhu
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, United States
| | - Wayne A Marasco
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, United States
| | - Christopher M Taylor
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Meng Luo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - David A Welsh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care & Allergy/Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Judd E Shellito
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care & Allergy/Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States.
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27
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Song BJ, Abdelmegeed MA, Cho YE, Akbar M, Rhim JS, Song MK, Hardwick JP. Contributing Roles of CYP2E1 and Other Cytochrome P450 Isoforms in Alcohol-Related Tissue Injury and Carcinogenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1164:73-87. [PMID: 31576541 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-22254-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to briefly summarize the roles of alcohol (ethanol) and related compounds in promoting cancer and inflammatory injury in many tissues. Long-term chronic heavy alcohol exposure is known to increase the chances of inflammation, oxidative DNA damage, and cancer development in many organs. The rates of alcohol-mediated organ damage and cancer risks are significantly elevated in the presence of co-morbidity factors such as poor nutrition, unhealthy diets, smoking, infection with bacteria or viruses, and exposure to pro-carcinogens. Chronic ingestion of alcohol and its metabolite acetaldehyde may initiate and/or promote the development of cancer in the liver, oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, prostate, and female breast. In this chapter, we summarize the important roles of ethanol/acetaldehyde in promoting inflammatory injury and carcinogenesis in several tissues. We also review the updated roles of the ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450-2E1 (CYP2E1) and other cytochrome P450 isozymes in the metabolism of various potentially toxic substrates, and consequent toxicities, including carcinogenesis in different tissues. We also briefly describe the potential implications of endogenous ethanol produced by gut bacteria, as frequently observed in the experimental models and patients of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, in promoting DNA mutation and cancer development in the liver and other tissues, including the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung-Joon Song
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Mohamed A Abdelmegeed
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Young-Eun Cho
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammed Akbar
- Division of Neuroscience and Behavior, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Johng S Rhim
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Min-Kyung Song
- Investigational Drug Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James P Hardwick
- Biochemistry and Molecular Pathology in the Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
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28
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Ethanol-Mediated Stress Promotes Autophagic Survival and Aggressiveness of Colon Cancer Cells via Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040505. [PMID: 30974805 PMCID: PMC6521343 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest that chronic alcohol consumption is a lifestyle risk factor strongly associated with colorectal cancer development and progression. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of ethanol (EtOH) on survival and progression of three different colon cancer cell lines (HCT116, HT29, and Caco-2). Our data showed that EtOH induces oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, as demonstrated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ER stress markers Grp78, ATF6, PERK and, CHOP increase. Moreover, EtOH triggers an autophagic response which is accompanied by the upregulation of beclin, LC3-II, ATG7, and p62 proteins. The addition of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine significantly prevents autophagy, suggesting that autophagy is triggered by oxidative stress as a prosurvival response. EtOH treatment also upregulates the antioxidant enzymes SOD, catalase, and heme oxygenase (HO-1) and promotes the nuclear translocation of both Nrf2 and HO-1. Interestingly, EtOH also upregulates the levels of matrix metalloproteases (MMP2 and MMP9) and VEGF. Nrf2 silencing or preventing HO-1 nuclear translocation by the protease inhibitor E64d abrogates the EtOH-induced increase in the antioxidant enzyme levels as well as the migration markers. Taken together, our results suggest that EtOH mediates both the activation of Nrf2 and HO-1 to sustain colon cancer cell survival, thus leading to the acquisition of a more aggressive phenotype.
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29
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Song M, Chan AT. Environmental Factors, Gut Microbiota, and Colorectal Cancer Prevention. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 17:275-289. [PMID: 30031175 PMCID: PMC6314893 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The substantial burden of colorectal cancer and increasing trend in young adults highlight the importance of lifestyle modification as a complement to screening for colorectal cancer prevention. Several dietary and lifestyle factors have been implicated in the development of colorectal cancer, possibly through the intricate metabolic and inflammatory mechanisms. Likewise, as a key metabolic and immune regulator, the gut microbiota has been recognized to play an important role in colorectal tumorigenesis. Increasing data support that environmental factors are crucial determinants for the gut microbial composition and function, whose alterations induce changes in the host gene expression, metabolic regulation, and local and systemic immune response, thereby influencing cancer development. Here, we review the epidemiologic and mechanistic evidence regarding the links between diet and lifestyle and the gut microbiota in the development of colorectal cancer. We focus on factors for which substantial data support their importance for colorectal cancer and their potential role in the gut microbiota, including overweight and obesity, physical activity, dietary patterns, fiber, red and processed meat, marine omega-3 fatty acid, alcohol, and smoking. We also briefly describe other colorectal cancer-preventive factors for which the links with the gut microbiota have been suggested but remain to be mechanistically characterized, including vitamin D status, dairy consumption, and metformin use. Given limitations in available evidence, we highlight the need for further investigations in the relationship between environmental factors, gut microbiota, and colorectal cancer, which may lead to development and clinical translation of potential microbiota-based strategies for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Song
- Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Andrew T. Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Burns MB, Montassier E, Abrahante J, Priya S, Niccum DE, Khoruts A, Starr TK, Knights D, Blekhman R. Colorectal cancer mutational profiles correlate with defined microbial communities in the tumor microenvironment. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007376. [PMID: 29924794 PMCID: PMC6028121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Variation in the gut microbiome has been linked to colorectal cancer (CRC), as well as to host genetic variation. However, we do not know whether, in addition to baseline host genetics, somatic mutational profiles in CRC tumors interact with the surrounding tumor microbiome, and if so, whether these changes can be used to understand microbe-host interactions with potential functional biological relevance. Here, we characterized the association between CRC microbial communities and tumor mutations using microbiome profiling and whole-exome sequencing in 44 pairs of tumors and matched normal tissues. We found statistically significant associations between loss-of-function mutations in tumor genes and shifts in the abundances of specific sets of bacterial taxa, suggestive of potential functional interaction. This correlation allows us to statistically predict interactions between loss-of-function tumor mutations in cancer-related genes and pathways, including MAPK and Wnt signaling, solely based on the composition of the microbiome. In conclusion, our study shows that CRC microbiomes are correlated with tumor mutational profiles, pointing towards possible mechanisms of molecular interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B. Burns
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MBB); (RB)
| | - Emmanuel Montassier
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- MiHAR lab, Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Juan Abrahante
- University of Minnesota Informatics Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Sambhawa Priya
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - David E. Niccum
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Alexander Khoruts
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Timothy K. Starr
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Dan Knights
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- BioTechnology Institute, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Ran Blekhman
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MBB); (RB)
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Han S, Gao J, Zhou Q, Liu S, Wen C, Yang X. Role of intestinal flora in colorectal cancer from the metabolite perspective: a systematic review. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:199-206. [PMID: 29440929 PMCID: PMC5798565 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s153482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common human malignant tumors. Recent research has shown that colorectal cancer is a dysbacteriosis-induced disease; however, the role of intestinal bacteria in colorectal cancer is unclear. This review explores the role of intestinal flora in colorectal cancer. In total, 57 articles were included after identification and screening. The pertinent literature on floral metabolites in colorectal cancer from three metabolic perspectives - including carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism - was analyzed. An association network regarding the role of intestinal flora from a metabolic perspective was constructed by analyzing the previous literature to provide direction and insight for further research on intestinal flora in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital
| | - Jianlan Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital
| | | | - Caixia Wen
- Medical College of Nursing, Huzhou University
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Intervention and Radiotherapy, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
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Rossi M, Jahanzaib Anwar M, Usman A, Keshavarzian A, Bishehsari F. Colorectal Cancer and Alcohol Consumption-Populations to Molecules. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E38. [PMID: 29385712 PMCID: PMC5836070 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, being the third most common cancer diagnosed in both men and women in the world. Several environmental and habitual factors have been associated with the CRC risk. Alcohol intake, a common and rising habit of modern society, is one of the major risk factors for development of CRC. Here, we will summarize the evidence linking alcohol with colon carcinogenesis and possible underlying mechanisms. Some epidemiologic studies suggest that even moderate drinking increases the CRC risk. Metabolism of alcohol involves ethanol conversion to its metabolites that could exert carcinogenic effects in the colon. Production of ethanol metabolites can be affected by the colon microbiota, another recently recognized mediating factor to colon carcinogenesis. The generation of acetaldehyde and alcohol's other metabolites leads to activation of cancer promoting cascades, such as DNA-adduct formation, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, epigenetic alterations, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune modulatory effects. Not only does alcohol induce its toxic effect through carcinogenic metabolites, but alcoholics themselves are predisposed to a poor diet, low in folate and fiber, and circadian disruption, which could further augment alcohol-induced colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Rossi
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Muhammad Jahanzaib Anwar
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Ahmad Usman
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Faraz Bishehsari
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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Stary L, Mezerova K, Skalicky P, Zboril P, Raclavsky V. Are we any closer to screening for colorectal cancer using microbial markers?A critical review. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2017; 161:333-338. [DOI: 10.5507/bp.2017.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Li Y, Zhang S, Lu F, Liu Q, You J. Gas Purge–Microsyringe Extraction Coupled with Liquid Chromatography and Fluorescence Detection for the Determination of Aldehydes from Fried Meat. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-1121-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Dubinkina VB, Tyakht AV, Odintsova VY, Yarygin KS, Kovarsky BA, Pavlenko AV, Ischenko DS, Popenko AS, Alexeev DG, Taraskina AY, Nasyrova RF, Krupitsky EM, Shalikiani NV, Bakulin IG, Shcherbakov PL, Skorodumova LO, Larin AK, Kostryukova ES, Abdulkhakov RA, Abdulkhakov SR, Malanin SY, Ismagilova RK, Grigoryeva TV, Ilina EN, Govorun VM. Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease. MICROBIOME 2017; 5:141. [PMID: 29041989 PMCID: PMC5645934 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-017-0359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol abuse has deleterious effects on human health by disrupting the functions of many organs and systems. Gut microbiota has been implicated in the pathogenesis of alcohol-related liver diseases, with its composition manifesting expressed dysbiosis in patients suffering from alcoholic dependence. Due to its inherent plasticity, gut microbiota is an important target for prevention and treatment of these diseases. Identification of the impact of alcohol abuse with associated psychiatric symptoms on the gut community structure is confounded by the liver dysfunction. In order to differentiate the effects of these two factors, we conducted a comparative "shotgun" metagenomic survey of 99 patients with the alcohol dependence syndrome represented by two cohorts-with and without liver cirrhosis. The taxonomic and functional composition of the gut microbiota was subjected to a multifactor analysis including comparison with the external control group. RESULTS Alcoholic dependence and liver cirrhosis were associated with profound shifts in gut community structures and metabolic potential across the patients. The specific effects on species-level community composition were remarkably different between cohorts with and without liver cirrhosis. In both cases, the commensal microbiota was found to be depleted. Alcoholic dependence was inversely associated with the levels of butyrate-producing species from the Clostridiales order, while the cirrhosis-with multiple members of the Bacteroidales order. The opportunist pathogens linked to alcoholic dependence included pro-inflammatory Enterobacteriaceae, while the hallmarks of cirrhosis included an increase of oral microbes in the gut and more frequent occurrence of abnormal community structures. Interestingly, each of the two factors was associated with the expressed enrichment in many Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus-but the exact set of the species was different between alcoholic dependence and liver cirrhosis. At the level of functional potential, the patients showed different patterns of increase in functions related to alcohol metabolism and virulence factors, as well as pathways related to inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Multiple shifts in the community structure and metabolic potential suggest strong negative influence of alcohol dependence and associated liver dysfunction on gut microbiota. The identified differences in patterns of impact between these two factors are important for planning of personalized treatment and prevention of these pathologies via microbiota modulation. Particularly, the expansion of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus suggests that probiotic interventions for patients with alcohol-related disorders using representatives of the same taxa should be considered with caution. Taxonomic and functional analysis shows an increased propensity of the gut microbiota to synthesis of the toxic acetaldehyde, suggesting higher risk of colorectal cancer and other pathologies in alcoholics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika B. Dubinkina
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russia
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, 119435 Russia
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W. Springfield Avenue Urbana, Champaign, IL 61801 USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, 1206 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Alexander V. Tyakht
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, 119435 Russia
- ITMO University, Kronverkskiy pr. 49, Saint-Petersburg, 197101 Russia
| | - Vera Y. Odintsova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, 119435 Russia
| | - Konstantin S. Yarygin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russia
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, 119435 Russia
| | - Boris A. Kovarsky
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, 119435 Russia
| | - Alexander V. Pavlenko
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russia
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, 119435 Russia
| | - Dmitry S. Ischenko
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russia
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, 119435 Russia
| | - Anna S. Popenko
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, 119435 Russia
| | - Dmitry G. Alexeev
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russia
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, 119435 Russia
| | - Anastasiya Y. Taraskina
- Saint-Petersburg Bekhterev Psychoneurological Research Institute, Bekhtereva 3, Saint-Petersburg, 192019 Russia
| | - Regina F. Nasyrova
- Saint-Petersburg Bekhterev Psychoneurological Research Institute, Bekhtereva 3, Saint-Petersburg, 192019 Russia
| | - Evgeny M. Krupitsky
- Saint-Petersburg Bekhterev Psychoneurological Research Institute, Bekhtereva 3, Saint-Petersburg, 192019 Russia
| | - Nino V. Shalikiani
- Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Shosse Entuziastov 86, Moscow, 111123 Russia
| | - Igor G. Bakulin
- Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Shosse Entuziastov 86, Moscow, 111123 Russia
| | - Petr L. Shcherbakov
- Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Shosse Entuziastov 86, Moscow, 111123 Russia
| | - Lyubov O. Skorodumova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, 119435 Russia
| | - Andrei K. Larin
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, 119435 Russia
| | - Elena S. Kostryukova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russia
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, 119435 Russia
| | | | - Sayar R. Abdulkhakov
- Kazan State Medical University, Butlerova 49, Kazan, 420012 Russia
- Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya 18, Kazan, 420008 Russia
| | | | | | | | - Elena N. Ilina
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, 119435 Russia
| | - Vadim M. Govorun
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russia
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, 119435 Russia
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Rattray NJW, Charkoftaki G, Rattray Z, Hansen JE, Vasiliou V, Johnson CH. Environmental influences in the etiology of colorectal cancer: the premise of metabolomics. CURRENT PHARMACOLOGY REPORTS 2017; 3:114-125. [PMID: 28642837 PMCID: PMC5475285 DOI: 10.1007/s40495-017-0088-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review we discuss how environmental exposures predominate the etiology of colorectal cancer (CRC). With CRC being a personalized disease influenced by genes and environment, our goal was to explore the role metabolomics can play in identifying exposures, assessing the interplay between co-exposures, and the development of personalized therapeutic interventions. RECENT FINDINGS Approximately 10 % of CRC cases can be explained by germ-line mutations, whereas the prevailing majority are caused by an initiating exposure event occurring decades prior to diagnosis. Recent research has shown that dietary metabolites are linked to a procarcinogenic or protective environment in the colon which is modulated by the microbiome. In addition, excessive alcohol has been shown to increase the risk of CRC and is dependent on diet (folate), the response of microbiome, and genetic polymorphisms within the folate and alcohol metabolic pathways. Metabolomics can not only be used to identify this modulation of host metabolism, which could affect the progression of the tumors but also response to targeted therapeutics. SUMMARY This review highlights the current understanding of the multifaceted etiology and mechanisms of CRC development but also highlights where the field of metabolomics can contribute to a greater understanding of environmental exposure in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. W. Rattray
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520
| | - Georgia Charkoftaki
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520
| | - Zahra Rattray
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Yale University, CT, USA 06520
| | - James E. Hansen
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Yale University, CT, USA 06520
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA 06520
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520
| | - Caroline H. Johnson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520
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Na HK, Lee JY. Molecular Basis of Alcohol-Related Gastric and Colon Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1116. [PMID: 28538665 PMCID: PMC5485940 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many meta-analysis, large cohort studies, and experimental studies suggest that chronic alcohol consumption increases the risk of gastric and colon cancer. Ethanol is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH), catalase or cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) to acetaldehyde, which is then further oxidized to acetate by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). Acetaldehyde has been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a Group 1 carcinogen to humans. The acetaldehyde level in the stomach and colon is locally influenced by gastric colonization by Helicobacter pylori or colonic microbes, as well as polymorphisms in the genes encoding tissue alcohol metabolizing enzymes, especially ALDH2. Alcohol stimulates the uptake of carcinogens and their metabolism and also changes the composition of enteric microbes in a way to enhance the aldehyde level. Alcohol also undergoes chemical coupling to membrane phospholipids and disrupts organization of tight junctions, leading to nuclear translocation of β-catenin and ZONAB, which may contributes to regulation of genes involved in proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Alcohol also generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) by suppressing the expression of antioxidant and cytoprotective enzymes and inducing expression of CYP2E1 which contribute to the metabolic activation of chemical carcinogens. Besides exerting genotoxic effects by directly damaging DNA, ROS can activates signaling molecules involved in inflammation, metastasis and angiogenesis. In addition, alcohol consumption induces folate deficiency, which may result in aberrant DNA methylation profiles, thereby influencing cancer-related gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Kyung Na
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Knowledge-Based Services Engineering, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul 01133, Korea.
| | - Ja Young Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Knowledge-Based Services Engineering, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul 01133, Korea.
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Mizukami T, Yokoyama A, Yokoyama T, Onuki S, Maruyama K. Screening by Total Colonoscopy Following Fecal Immunochemical Tests and Determinants of Colorectal Neoplasia in Japanese Men With Alcohol Dependence. Alcohol Alcohol 2017; 52:131-137. [PMID: 28182201 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agw071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Alcohol consumption increases the risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer. The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is a widely used screening method for detecting colorectal neoplasia. We evaluated the results of screening and risk factors for colorectal neoplasia in individuals with alcohol dependence. Methods Total colonoscopic screening was performed for 1006 Japanese men with alcohol dependence (462 FIT-positive and 544 FIT-negative). Advanced neoplasia was defined as neoplasia ≥10 mm, villous or tubulovillous adenoma, high-grade adenoma, or carcinoma. Results The detection rates for non-advanced adenoma, advanced neoplasia and intramucosal or invasive carcinoma were 38.7%, 39.4% and 9.7% for the FIT-positive group, and 33.3%, 10.8% and 2.2% for the FIT-negative group, respectively. Advanced neoplasia, especially carcinoma, was detected more frequently in the distal colon than in the proximal colon in the FIT-positive group. The respective multivariate odds ratios (ORs; 95% confidence interval) for non-advanced adenoma and advanced neoplasia were 2.83 (2.06–3.88) and 9.13 (6.19–13.5) for a positive FIT (vs. negative), 1.68 (1.39–2.02) and 1.83 (1.45–2.30) for age (per +10 years), 1.54 (1.06–2.23) and 1.88 (1.17–3.03) for current smoking (vs. non-smokers), and 1.35 (0.96–1.92) and 1.59 (1.02–2.48) for the presence of marked macrocytosis (mean corpuscular volume ≥106 fl vs. <106 fl). Genetic polymorphisms of alcohol dehydrogenase-1B and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 did not affect the risk of colorectal neoplasia. Conclusion The detection rate for advanced colorectal neoplasia was extremely high in the FIT-positive group but remained high even in the FIT-negative group. An older age, smoking and macrocytosis were predictors of advanced colorectal neoplasia. Short summary Total colonoscopic screening was performed for 1006 Japanese alcoholic men (462 fecal immunochemical test [FIT]-positive and 544 FIT-negative). The detection rate for advanced colorectal neoplasia was extremely high in the FIT-positive group (39.4%) and high in the FIT-negative group (10.8%). Ageing, smoking and macrocytosis were predictors of advanced colorectal neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Mizukami
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, 5-3-1 Nobi, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-0841, Japan
| | - Akira Yokoyama
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, 5-3-1 Nobi, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-0841, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Yokoyama
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6 Minami, Saitama 351-0197, Japan
| | - Shuka Onuki
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, 5-3-1 Nobi, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-0841, Japan
| | - Katsuya Maruyama
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, 5-3-1 Nobi, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-0841, Japan
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Tsuruya A, Kuwahara A, Saito Y, Yamaguchi H, Tsubo T, Suga S, Inai M, Aoki Y, Takahashi S, Tsutsumi E, Suwa Y, Morita H, Kinoshita K, Totsuka Y, Suda W, Oshima K, Hattori M, Mizukami T, Yokoyama A, Shimoyama T, Nakayama T. Ecophysiological consequences of alcoholism on human gut microbiota: implications for ethanol-related pathogenesis of colon cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27923. [PMID: 27295340 PMCID: PMC4904738 DOI: 10.1038/srep27923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic consumption of excess ethanol increases the risk of colorectal cancer. The pathogenesis of ethanol-related colorectal cancer (ER-CRC) is thought to be partly mediated by gut microbes. Specifically, bacteria in the colon and rectum convert ethanol to acetaldehyde (AcH), which is carcinogenic. However, the effects of chronic ethanol consumption on the human gut microbiome are poorly understood, and the role of gut microbes in the proposed AcH-mediated pathogenesis of ER-CRC remains to be elaborated. Here we analyse and compare the gut microbiota structures of non-alcoholics and alcoholics. The gut microbiotas of alcoholics were diminished in dominant obligate anaerobes (e.g., Bacteroides and Ruminococcus) and enriched in Streptococcus and other minor species. This alteration might be exacerbated by habitual smoking. These observations could at least partly be explained by the susceptibility of obligate anaerobes to reactive oxygen species, which are increased by chronic exposure of the gut mucosa to ethanol. The AcH productivity from ethanol was much lower in the faeces of alcoholic patients than in faeces of non-alcoholic subjects. The faecal phenotype of the alcoholics could be rationalised based on their gut microbiota structures and the ability of gut bacteria to accumulate AcH from ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuki Tsuruya
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan
| | - Akika Kuwahara
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan
| | - Yuta Saito
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan
| | - Haruhiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan
| | - Takahisa Tsubo
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan
| | - Shogo Suga
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan
| | - Makoto Inai
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan
| | - Yuichi Aoki
- Department of Applied Information Sciences, Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan
| | - Seiji Takahashi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan
| | - Eri Tsutsumi
- Suntory World Research Center, Suntory Holdings Ltd., Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Suwa
- Suntory World Research Center, Suntory Holdings Ltd., Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Morita
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kenji Kinoshita
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Yukari Totsuka
- Division of Cancer Development System, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Wataru Suda
- Center for Omics and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Kenshiro Oshima
- Center for Omics and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Masahira Hattori
- Center for Omics and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mizukami
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-0841, Japan
| | - Akira Yokoyama
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-0841, Japan
| | - Takefumi Shimoyama
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan
| | - Toru Nakayama
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan
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