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Yu Y, Wang S, Wang Z, Gao R, Lee J. Arabidopsis thaliana: a powerful model organism to explore histone modifications and their upstream regulations. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2211362. [PMID: 37196184 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2211362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Histones are subjected to extensive covalent modifications that affect inter-nucleosomal interactions as well as alter chromatin structure and DNA accessibility. Through switching the corresponding histone modifications, the level of transcription and diverse downstream biological processes can be regulated. Although animal systems are widely used in studying histone modifications, the signalling processes that occur outside the nucleus prior to histone modifications have not been well understood due to the limitations including non viable mutants, partial lethality, and infertility of survivors. Here, we review the benefits of using Arabidopsis thaliana as the model organism to study histone modifications and their upstream regulations. Similarities among histones and key histone modifiers such as the Polycomb group (PcG) and Trithorax group (TrxG) in Drosophila, Human, and Arabidopsis are examined. Furthermore, prolonged cold-induced vernalization system has been well-studied and revealed the relationship between the controllable environment input (duration of vernalization), its chromatin modifications of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), following gene expression, and the corresponding phenotypes. Such evidence suggests that research on Arabidopsis can bring insights into incomplete signalling pathways outside of the histone box, which can be achieved through viable reverse genetic screenings based on the phenotypes instead of direct monitoring of histone modifications among individual mutants. The potential upstream regulators in Arabidopsis can provide cues or directions for animal research based on the similarities between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sihan Wang
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziqin Wang
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renwei Gao
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Joohyun Lee
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
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2
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Borges JV, Pires VN, de Freitas BS, Rübensam G, Vieira VC, de Souza Dos Santos C, Schröder N, Bromberg E. Behavior, BDNF and epigenetic mechanisms in response to social isolation and social support in middle aged rats exposed to chronic stress. Behav Brain Res 2023; 441:114303. [PMID: 36657665 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Social deprivation can be stressful for group-living mammals. On the other hand, an amazing response of these animals to stress is seeking social contact to give and receive joint protection in threatening situations. We explored the effects of social isolation and social support on epigenetic and behavioral responses to chronic stress. More specifically, we investigated the behavioral responses, corticosterone levels, BDNF gene expression, and markers of hippocampal epigenetic alterations (levels of H3K9 acetylation and methylation, H3K27 methylation, HDAC5, DNMT1, and DNMT3a gene expressions) in middle-aged adult rats maintained in different housing conditions (isolation or accompanied housing) and exposed to the chronic unpredictable stress protocol (CUS). Isolation was associated with decreased basal levels of corticosterone, impaired long-term memory, and decreased expression of the BDNF gene, besides altering the balance of H3K9 from acetylation to methylation and increasing the DNMT1 gene expression. The CUS protocol decreased H3K9 acetylation, besides increasing H3K27 methylation and DNMT1 gene expression, but had no significant effects on memory and BDNF gene expression. Interestingly, the effects of CUS on corticosterone and HDAC5 gene expression were seen only in isolated animals, whereas the effects of CUS on DNMT1 gene expression were more pronounced in isolated than accompanied animals. In conclusion, social isolation in middle age showed broader effects than chronic unpredictable stress on behavioral and epigenetic alterations potentially associated with decreased BDNF expression. Moreover, social support prevented the adverse effects of CUS on HPA axis functioning, HDAC5, and DNMT1 gene expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Viana Borges
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vivian Naziaseno Pires
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, Brazil; Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6690, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Betânia Souza de Freitas
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Rübensam
- Center of Toxicology and Pharmacology Research, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vitória Corrêa Vieira
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristophod de Souza Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nadja Schröder
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elke Bromberg
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, Brazil; Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6690, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil.
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PAMAM-G4 protect the N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propylpentanamide (HO-AAVPA) and maintain its antiproliferative effects on MCF-7. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3383. [PMID: 36854957 PMCID: PMC9974963 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30144-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Our work group designed and synthesized a promissory compound N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propylpentanamide (HO-AAVPA). The HO-AAVPA is a HDAC1 inhibitor and antiproliferative in cancer cell lines. However, HO-AAVPA is poor water solubility and enzymatically metabolized. In this work, the fourth-generation poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (PAMAM-G4) was used as a drug deliver carrier of HO-AAVPA. Moreover, HO-AAVPA and HO-AAVPA-PAMAM complex were submitted to forced degradation studies (heat, acid, base, oxidation and sunlight). Also, the HO-AAVPA-PAMAM-G4 complex was assayed as antiproliferative in a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). The HO-AAVPA-PAMAM-G4 complex was obtained by docking and experimentally using three pH conditions: acid (pH = 3.0), neutral (pH = 7.0) and basic (pH = 9.0) showing that PAMAM-G4 captureand protect the HO-AAVPA from forced degradation, it is due to sunlight yielded a by-product from HO-AAVPA. In addition, the PAMAM-G4 favored the HO-AAVPA water solubility under basic and neutral pH conditions with significant difference (F(2,18) = 259.9, p < 0.001) between the slopes of the three conditions being the basic condition which solubilizes the greatest amount of HO-AAVPA. Finally, the HO-AAVPA-PAMAM-G4 complex showed better antiproliferative effects on MCF-7 (IC50 = 75.3 μM) than HO-AAVPA (IC50 = 192 μM). These results evidence that PAMAM-G4 complex improve the biological effects of HO-AAVPA.
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Roy A, Niharika, Chakraborty S, Mishra J, Singh SP, Patra SK. Mechanistic aspects of reversible methylation modifications of arginine and lysine of nuclear histones and their roles in human colon cancer. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 197:261-302. [PMID: 37019596 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Developmental proceedings and maintenance of cellular homeostasis are regulated by the precise orchestration of a series of epigenetic events that eventually control gene expression. DNA methylation and post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histones are well-characterized epigenetic events responsible for fine-tuning gene expression. PTMs of histones bear molecular logic of gene expression at chromosomal territory and have become a fascinating field of epigenetics. Nowadays, reversible methylation on histone arginine and lysine is gaining increasing attention as a significant PTM related to reorganizing local nucleosomal structure, chromatin dynamics, and transcriptional regulation. It is now well-accepted and reported that histone marks play crucial roles in colon cancer initiation and progression by encouraging abnormal epigenomic reprogramming. It is becoming increasingly clear that multiple PTM marks at the N-terminal tails of the core histones cross-talk with one another to intricately regulate DNA-templated biological processes such as replication, transcription, recombination, and damage repair in several malignancies, including colon cancer. These functional cross-talks provide an additional layer of message, which spatiotemporally fine-tunes the overall gene expression regulation. Nowadays, it is evident that several PTMs instigate colon cancer development. How colon cancer-specific PTM patterns or codes are generated and how they affect downstream molecular events are uncovered to some extent. Future studies would address more about epigenetic communication, and the relationship between histone modification marks to define cellular functions in depth. This chapter will comprehensively highlight the importance of histone arginine and lysine-based methylation modifications and their functional cross-talk with other histone marks from the perspective of colon cancer development.
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Liu F, Chen J, Li Z, Meng X. Recent Advances in Epigenetics of Age-Related Kidney Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050796. [PMID: 35627181 PMCID: PMC9142069 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal aging has attracted increasing attention in today’s aging society, as elderly people with advanced age are more susceptible to various kidney disorders such as acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). There is no clear-cut universal mechanism for identifying age-related kidney diseases, and therefore, they pose a considerable medical and public health challenge. Epigenetics refers to the study of heritable modifications in the regulation of gene expression that do not require changes in the underlying genomic DNA sequence. A variety of epigenetic modifiers such as histone deacetylases (HDAC) inhibitors and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitors have been proposed as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in numerous fields including cardiovascular diseases, immune system disease, nervous system diseases, and neoplasms. Accumulating evidence in recent years indicates that epigenetic modifications have been implicated in renal aging. However, no previous systematic review has been performed to systematically generalize the relationship between epigenetics and age-related kidney diseases. In this review, we aim to summarize the recent advances in epigenetic mechanisms of age-related kidney diseases as well as discuss the application of epigenetic modifiers as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the field of age-related kidney diseases. In summary, the main types of epigenetic processes including DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) modulation have all been implicated in the progression of age-related kidney diseases, and therapeutic targeting of these processes will yield novel therapeutic strategies for the prevention and/or treatment of age-related kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China;
| | - Jiefang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China;
| | - Zhenqiong Li
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China;
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Xianfang Meng
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (X.M.)
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Law ME, Davis BJ, Ghilardi AF, Yaaghubi E, Dulloo ZM, Wang M, Guryanova OA, Heldermon CD, Jahn SC, Castellano RK, Law BK. Repurposing Tranexamic Acid as an Anticancer Agent. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:792600. [PMID: 35095503 PMCID: PMC8793890 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.792600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tranexamic Acid (TA) is a clinically used antifibrinolytic agent that acts as a Lys mimetic to block binding of Plasminogen with Plasminogen activators, preventing conversion of Plasminogen to its proteolytically activated form, Plasmin. Previous studies suggested that TA may exhibit anticancer activity by blockade of extracellular Plasmin formation. Plasmin-mediated cleavage of the CDCP1 protein may increase its oncogenic functions through several downstream pathways. Results presented herein demonstrate that TA blocks Plasmin-mediated excision of the extracellular domain of the oncoprotein CDCP1. In vitro studies indicate that TA reduces the viability of a broad array of human and murine cancer cell lines, and breast tumor growth studies demonstrate that TA reduces cancer growth in vivo. Based on the ability of TA to mimic Lys and Arg, we hypothesized that TA may perturb multiple processes that involve Lys/Arg-rich protein sequences, and that TA may alter intracellular signaling pathways in addition to blocking extracellular Plasmin production. Indeed, TA-mediated suppression of tumor cell viability is associated with multiple biochemical actions, including inhibition of protein synthesis, reduced activating phosphorylation of STAT3 and S6K1, decreased expression of the MYC oncoprotein, and suppression of Lys acetylation. Further, TA inhibited uptake of Lys and Arg by cancer cells. These findings suggest that TA or TA analogs may serve as lead compounds and inspire the production of new classes of anticancer agents that function by mimicking Lys and Arg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E. Law
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Bradley J. Davis
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Amanda F. Ghilardi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Elham Yaaghubi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Zaafir M. Dulloo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Mengxiong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Olga A. Guryanova
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Coy D. Heldermon
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Stephan C. Jahn
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Ronald K. Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Brian K. Law
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Seo MK, Lee JG, Park SW. Early life stress induces age-dependent epigenetic changes in p11 gene expression in male mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10663. [PMID: 34471143 PMCID: PMC8410943 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89593-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) causes long-lasting changes in gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms. However, little is known about the effects of ELS in adulthood, specifically across different age groups. In this study, the epigenetic modifications of p11 expression in adult mice subjected to ELS were investigated in different stages of adulthood. Pups experienced maternal separation (MS) for 3 h daily from postnatal day 1 to 21. At young and middle adulthood, behavioral test, hippocampal p11 expression levels, and levels of histone acetylation and methylation and DNA methylation at the hippocampal p11 promoter were measured. Middle-aged, but not young adult, MS mice exhibited increased immobility time in the forced swimming test. Concurrent with reduced hippocampal p11 levels, mice in both age groups showed a decrease in histone acetylation (AcH3) and permissive histone methylation (H3K4me3) at the p11 promoter, as well as an increase in repressive histone methylation (H3K27me3). Moreover, our results showed that the expression, AcH3 and H3Kme3 levels of p11 gene in response to MS were reduced with age. DNA methylation analysis of the p11 promoter revealed increased CpG methylation in middle-aged MS mice only. The results highlight the age-dependent deleterious effects of ELS on the epigenetic modifications of p11 transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Kyoung Seo
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Goo Lee
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, 48108, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Woo Park
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Convergence Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea.
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De Benedittis S, Gaspari M, Magariello A, Spadafora P, Citrigno L, Romeo N, Qualtieri A. LC-MALDI-TOF ISD MS analysis is an effective, simple and rapid method of investigation for histones characterization: Application to EBV lymphoblastoid cell lines. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2021; 56:e4712. [PMID: 33851762 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This contribution is the result of our progressive engagement to develop and to apply a top-down liquid chromatography (LC) matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) (LC-MALDI-TOF) analysis for the histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) and variants characterization, mainly in order to provide comprehensive and fast results. The histone post-translational modifications and the differential expression of the histone variants play an essential role both in the DNA packaging mechanism in chromosomes and in the regulation of gene expression in different cellular processes, also in response to molecular agents of environmental origin. This epigenetic mechanism is widely studied in different field such as cellular differentiation, development and in the understanding of mechanisms underlying diseases. The characterization of histone PTMs has traditionally performed by antibodies-based assay, but immunological methods have significant limits, and today systems that use mass spectrometry are increasingly employed. We evaluated an in-source decay (ISD) analysis for the histone investigation on human lymphoblastoid cells, and by this approach, we were able to identify and quantify several PTMs such as the di-methylation in the lysine 20 and the acetylation in the lysine 16 in H4 and the mono-methylation, di-methylation and trimethylations at K9 of the histone H3.1. Moreover, we detected and quantified in the same H2B spectrum the prevalent H2B 1C/2E type but also the minor H2B 1D, 1M and 1B/1L/1N, 1O/2F, 1J/1K variants. In this work, we show that MALDI-ISD represents an excellent methodology to obtain global information on histone PTMs and variants from cells in culture, with rapidity and simplicity of execution. Finally, this is a useful approach to get label-free relative quantitative data of histone variants and PTMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selene De Benedittis
- National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), Cosenza, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marco Gaspari
- Research Centre for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Angela Magariello
- National Research Council, Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean (ISAFOM), Cosenza, Italy
| | - Patrizia Spadafora
- National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), Cosenza, Italy
| | - Luigi Citrigno
- National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), Cosenza, Italy
| | - Nelide Romeo
- National Research Council, Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean (ISAFOM), Cosenza, Italy
| | - Antonio Qualtieri
- National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), Cosenza, Italy
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Seo MK, Choi AJ, Seog DH, Lee JG, Park SW. Early Enriched Environment Prevents Epigenetic p11 Gene Changes Induced by Adulthood Stress in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041928. [PMID: 33672075 PMCID: PMC7919643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Positive experiences in early life may improve the capacity to cope with adulthood stress through epigenetic modification. We investigated whether an enriched environment (EE) in the postnatal period affected epigenetic changes in the p11 gene induced by chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) in adult C57BL/6J mice. EE was introduced for 5 weeks during postnatal days 21–55. After EE, the mice were subjected to CUS for 4 weeks. EE prevented depression-like behavior induced by adult CUS. EE prevented a decrease in p11 mRNA and histone H3 acetylation induced by CUS, with changes in the expression of histone deacetylase 5. Moreover, EE prevented changes in trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) and H3K27 induced by CUS. Furthermore, EE had positive effects on behavior and epigenetic alterations in adult mice without CUS. These results suggest that one of the underlying mechanisms of early-life EE may involve epigenetic modification of the hippocampal p11 gene promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Kyoung Seo
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea;
| | | | - Dae-Hyun Seog
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea;
- Dementia and Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Jung Goo Lee
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea;
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan 48108, Korea
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.G.L.); (S.W.P.); Tel.: +82-51-797-3300 (J.G.L.); +82-51-890-6071 (S.W.P.); Fax: +82-51-894-6709 (J.G.L. & S.W.P.)
| | - Sung Woo Park
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea;
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea
- Department of Convergence Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.G.L.); (S.W.P.); Tel.: +82-51-797-3300 (J.G.L.); +82-51-890-6071 (S.W.P.); Fax: +82-51-894-6709 (J.G.L. & S.W.P.)
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Zhao Z, Su Z, Liang P, Liu D, Yang S, Wu Y, Ma L, Feng J, Zhang X, Wu C, Huang J, Cui J. USP38 Couples Histone Ubiquitination and Methylation via KDM5B to Resolve Inflammation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2002680. [PMID: 33240782 PMCID: PMC7675183 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin modifications, such as histone acetylation, ubiquitination, and methylation, play fundamental roles in maintaining chromatin architecture and regulating gene transcription. Although their crosstalk in chromatin remodeling has been gradually uncovered, the functional relationship between histone ubiquitination and methylation in regulating immunity and inflammation remains unclear. Here, it is reported that USP38 is a novel histone deubiquitinase that works together with the histone H3K4 modifier KDM5B to orchestrate inflammatory responses. USP38 specifically removes the monoubiquitin on H2B at lysine 120, which functions as a prerequisite for the subsequent recruitment of demethylase KDM5B to the promoters of proinflammatory cytokines Il6 and Il23a during LPS stimulation. KDM5B in turn inhibits the binding of NF-κB transcription factors to the Il6 and Il23a promoters by reducing H3K4 trimethylation. Furthermore, USP38 can bind to KDM5B and prevent it from proteasomal degradation, which further enhances the function of KDM5B in the regulation of inflammation-related genes. Loss of Usp38 in mice markedly enhances susceptibility to endotoxin shock and acute colitis, and these mice display a more severe inflammatory phenotype compared to wild-type mice. The studies identify USP38-KDM5B as a distinct chromatin modification complex that restrains inflammatory responses through manipulating the crosstalk of histone ubiquitination and methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyao Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
- Department of Internal MedicineGuangzhou Institute of PediatricsGuangzhou Women and Children's Medical CenterGuangzhouGuangdong510623China
| | - Zexiong Su
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Puping Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Di Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Shuai Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Yaoxing Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Ling Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Junyan Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Xiya Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Chenglei Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Junjiu Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
| | - Jun Cui
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationState Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510006China
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11
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Idrissou M, Lebert A, Boisnier T, Sanchez A, Houfaf Khoufaf FZ, Penault-Llorca F, Bignon YJ, Bernard-Gallon D. Digging Deeper into Breast Cancer Epigenetics: Insights from Chemical Inhibition of Histone Acetyltransferase TIP60 In Vitro. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2020; 24:581-591. [PMID: 32960142 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2020.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is often sporadic due to several factors. Among them, the deregulation of epigenetic proteins may be involved. TIP60 or KAT5 is an acetyltransferase that regulates gene transcription through the chromatin structure. This pleiotropic protein acts in several cellular pathways by acetylating proteins. RNA and protein expressions of TIP60 were shown to decrease in some breast cancer subtypes, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), where a low expression of TIP60 was exhibited compared with luminal subtypes. In this study, the inhibition of the residual activity of TIP60 in breast cancer cell lines was investigated by using two chemical inhibitors, TH1834 and NU9056, first on the acetylation of the specific target, lysine 4 of histone 3 (H3K4) by immunoblotting, and second, by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-qPCR (-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction). Subsequently, significant decreases or a trend toward decrease of H3K4ac in the different chromatin compartments were observed. In addition, the expression of 48 human nuclear receptors was studied with TaqMan Low-Density Array in these breast cancer cell lines treated with TIP60 inhibitors. The statistical analysis allowed us to comprehensively characterize the androgen receptor and NR3C2 receptors in TNBC cell lines after TH1834 or NU9056 treatment. The understanding of the residual activity of TIP60 in the evolution of breast cancer might be a major asset in the fight against this disease, and could allow TIP60 to be used as a biomarker or therapeutic target for breast cancer progression in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouhamed Idrissou
- Department of Oncogenetics, Centre Jean Perrin, CBRV, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INSERM-UMR 1240-Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Andre Lebert
- University Blaise Pascal, Institut Pascal UMR 6602 CNRS/UBP, Aubière, France
| | - Tiphanie Boisnier
- Department of Oncogenetics, Centre Jean Perrin, CBRV, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INSERM-UMR 1240-Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anna Sanchez
- Department of Oncogenetics, Centre Jean Perrin, CBRV, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INSERM-UMR 1240-Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fatma Zohra Houfaf Khoufaf
- Department of Oncogenetics, Centre Jean Perrin, CBRV, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INSERM-UMR 1240-Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frédérique Penault-Llorca
- INSERM-UMR 1240-Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Biopathology, Centre Jean Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yves-Jean Bignon
- Department of Oncogenetics, Centre Jean Perrin, CBRV, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INSERM-UMR 1240-Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Dominique Bernard-Gallon
- Department of Oncogenetics, Centre Jean Perrin, CBRV, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INSERM-UMR 1240-Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Clermont-Ferrand, France
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12
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Wang X, Qu J, Li J, He H, Liu Z, Huan Y. Epigenetic Reprogramming During Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer: Recent Progress and Future Directions. Front Genet 2020; 11:205. [PMID: 32256519 PMCID: PMC7093498 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has broad applications but is limited by low cloning efficiency. In this review, we mainly focus on SCNT-mediated epigenetic reprogramming in livestock and also describe mice data for reference. This review presents the factors contributing to low cloning efficiency, demonstrates that incomplete epigenetic reprogramming leads to the low developmental potential of cloned embryos, and further describes the regulation of epigenetic reprogramming by long non-coding RNAs, which is a new research perspective in the field of SCNT-mediated epigenetic reprogramming. In conclusion, this review provides new insights into the epigenetic regulatory mechanism during SCNT-mediated nuclear reprogramming, which could have great implications for improving cloning efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiadan Qu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Cadre Health Care, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongbin He
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanjun Huan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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13
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Wang R, Liu X. Epigenetic regulation of prostate cancer. Genes Dis 2019; 7:606-613. [PMID: 33335960 PMCID: PMC7729106 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2019.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is (PCa) the second leading cause of cancer death in males in the United State, with 174,650 new cases and 31,620 deaths estimated in 2019. It has been documented that epigenetic deregulation such as histone modification and DNA methylation contributes to PCa initiation and progression. EZH2 (enhancer of zeste homolog 2), the catalytic subunit of the Polycomb Repressive Complex (PRC2) responsible for H3K27me3 and gene repression, has been identified as a promising target in PCa. In addition, overexpression of other epigenetic regulators such as DNA methyltransferases (DNMT) is also observed in PCa. These epigenetic regulators undergo extensive post-translational modifications, in particular, phosphorylation. AKT, CDKs, PLK1, PKA, ATR and DNA-PK are the established kinases responsible for phosphorylation of various epigenetic regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Xiaoqi Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
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14
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Hewitson TD, Holt SG, Samuel CS, Wigg B, Smith ER. Profiling histone modifications in the normal mouse kidney and after unilateral ureteric obstruction. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F606-F615. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00262.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational modification of nucleosomal histones is a major determinant of chromatin structure and gene activity. In the present study, we hypothesized that unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO), a widely used model of tubulointerstitial injury, would be associated with a distinct pattern of histone modifications (marks) in the kidney. Mass spectrometry was used to profile 63 different histone marks in normal mouse kidneys and those after 10 days of UUO. A subsequent histochemical analysis further examined examples of specific marks that changed significantly after UUO for which antisera are available. Histone marks were much more widely distributed and abundant in the normal kidney than is usually appreciated. Although aggregate analysis of the mass spectrometry results revealed net differences between control and UUO groups, residue-specific variations were subtle. Of the 16/63 significant changes ( P < 0.05), only 8 changes were quantitatively different by >5%. Nevertheless, we identified several that are not usually examined in the kidney, including marks in the globular domain of core histones (H3:K79), linker histones (H1.4), and histone variants (H3.1:K27 and H3.3:K27). In several cases, there were complementary changes in different marks on the same amino acid. Using H3:K79ME2 as an example, mark enrichment was heterogeneous but largely colocalized with active transcription in a subset of tubular pathology. In conclusion, our study highlights the importance of unbiased screening in examining histone marks. Simultaneous changes in multiple marks on the same amino acid indicate a coordinated histone mark signature. The heterogeneous enrichment of marks, even within the same tubule, highlights the importance of regulatory context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D. Hewitson
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen G. Holt
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chrishan S. Samuel
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Belinda Wigg
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Edward R. Smith
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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15
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Yan N, Mu K, An XF, Li L, Qin Q, Song RH, Yao QM, Shao XQ, Zhang JA. Aberrant Histone Methylation in Patients with Graves' Disease. Int J Endocrinol 2019; 2019:1454617. [PMID: 31341471 PMCID: PMC6612977 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1454617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Graves' disease (GD) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease. Accumulated data have indicated that aberrant epigenetic modifications are associated with many autoimmune disorders. However, it remains unknown whether histone methylation plays a role in the pathogenesis of GD. In the present study, we aimed to assess histone modification patterns in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from GD patients. The rate (degree) of H3K4 and H3K9 methylation and the expressions of histone-modifying genes were investigated. METHODS A total of 68 GD patients and 32 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Global histone H3K4/H3K9 methylation of PBMCs was evaluated by the EpiQuik™ global histone H3K4/H3K9 methylation assay kit. The expressions of histone methyltransferases (HMTs) and histone demethylases (HDMs) at the mRNA level were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Global histone H3K9 methylation in PBMCs of GD patients was significantly decreased compared with that in the healthy controls (P=0.007). The expressions of HMTs (SUV39H1 and SUV39H2) at the mRNA level were significantly decreased in PBMCs from GD patients compared with healthy controls (P<0.001), whereas the SETD1A expression at the mRNA level was significantly increased in GD patients compared with healthy controls (P=0.004). In addition, the expressions of HDMs, including JHDM2A and JMJD2A, at the mRNA level were significantly increased in GD patients compared with healthy controls (P<0.001; P=0.007). Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of JARID1A and LSD1 did not significantly differ in GD patients and healthy controls (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS These findings firstly suggested that the histone methylation was aberrant in PBMCs of GD patients, which could be possibly attributed to the deregulation of epigenetic modifier genes. Abnormal histone methylation modification may be involved in the pathogenesis of GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an 710068, China
| | - Kaida Mu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, No. 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Xiao-fei An
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, No. 1508 Longyang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201508, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, No. 1508 Longyang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Qiu Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, No. 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Rong-hua Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, No. 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Qiu-ming Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, No. 1508 Longyang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Xiao-qing Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, No. 1508 Longyang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Jin-an Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, No. 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201318, China
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16
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H3K18Ac as a Marker of Cancer Progression and Potential Target of Anti-Cancer Therapy. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050485. [PMID: 31121824 PMCID: PMC6562857 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetylation and deacetylation are posttranslational modifications (PTMs) which affect the regulation of chromatin structure and its remodeling. Acetylation of histone 3 at lysine placed on position 18 (H3K18Ac) plays an important role in driving progression of many types of cancer, including breast, colon, lung, hepatocellular, pancreatic, prostate, and thyroid cancer. The aim of this review is to analyze and discuss the newest findings regarding the role of H3K18Ac and acetylation of other histones in carcinogenesis. We summarize the level of H3K18Ac in different cancer cell lines and analyze its association with patients’ outcomes, including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and disease-free survival (DFS). Finally, we describe future perspectives of cancer therapeutic strategies based on H3K18 modifications.
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17
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Acetylation & Co: an expanding repertoire of histone acylations regulates chromatin and transcription. Essays Biochem 2019; 63:97-107. [PMID: 30940741 PMCID: PMC6484784 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20180061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Packaging the long and fragile genomes of eukaryotic species into nucleosomes is all well and good, but how do cells gain access to the DNA again after it has been bundled away? The solution, in every species from yeast to man, is to post-translationally modify histones, altering their chemical properties to either relax the chromatin, label it for remodelling or make it more compact still. Histones are subject to a myriad of modifications: acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination etc. This review focuses on histone acylations, a diverse group of modifications which occur on the ε-amino group of Lysine residues and includes the well-characterised Lysine acetylation. Over the last 50 years, histone acetylation has been extensively characterised, with the discovery of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), and global mapping experiments, revealing an association of hyperacetylated histones with accessible, transcriptionally active chromatin. More recently, there has been an explosion in the number of unique short chain ‘acylations’ identified by MS, including: propionylation, butyrylation, crotonylation, succinylation, malonylation and 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation. These novel modifications add a range of chemical environments to histones, and similar to acetylation, appear to accumulate at transcriptional start sites and correlate with gene activity.
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18
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Chistiakov DA, Chekhonin VP. Early-life adversity-induced long-term epigenetic programming associated with early onset of chronic physical aggression: Studies in humans and animals. World J Biol Psychiatry 2019; 20:258-277. [PMID: 28441915 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2017.1322714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To examine whether chronic physical aggression (CPA) in adulthood can be epigenetically programmed early in life due to exposure to early-life adversity. Methods: Literature search of public databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus. Results: Children/adolescents susceptible for CPA and exposed to early-life abuse fail to efficiently cope with stress that in turn results in the development of CPA later in life. This phenomenon was observed in humans and animal models of aggression. The susceptibility to aggression is a complex trait that is regulated by the interaction between environmental and genetic factors. Epigenetic mechanisms mediate this interaction. Subjects exposed to stress early in life exhibited long-term epigenetic programming that can influence their behaviour in adulthood. This programming affects expression of many genes not only in the brain but also in other systems such as neuroendocrine and immune. Conclusions: The propensity to adult CPA behaviour in subjects experienced to early-life adversity is mediated by epigenetic programming that involves long-term systemic epigenetic alterations in a whole genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitry A Chistiakov
- a Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology , Serbsky Federal Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology , Moscow , Russia
| | - Vladimir P Chekhonin
- a Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology , Serbsky Federal Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology , Moscow , Russia.,b Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology , Pirogov Russian State Medical University (RSMU) , Moscow , Russia
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19
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Federico A, Sepe R, Cozzolino F, Piccolo C, Iannone C, Iacobucci I, Pucci P, Monti M, Fusco A. The complex CBX7-PRMT1 has a critical role in regulating E-cadherin gene expression and cell migration. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2019; 1862:509-521. [PMID: 30826432 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Chromobox protein homolog 7 (CBX7) belongs to the Polycomb Group (PcG) family, and, as part of the Polycomb repressive complex (PRC1), contributes to maintain transcriptional gene repression. Loss of CBX7 expression has been reported in several human malignant neoplasias, where it often correlates with an advanced cancer state and poor survival, proposing CBX7 as a candidate tumor-suppressor gene in cancer progression. Indeed, CBX7 is able to positively or negatively regulate the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation and cancer progression, such as E-cadherin, cyclin E, osteopontin, EGR1. To understand the molecular mechanisms that underlie the involvement of CBX7 in cancer progression, we designed a functional proteomic experiment based on CHIP-MS to identify novel CBX7 protein partners. Among the identified CBX7-interacting proteins we focused our attention on the Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) whose critical role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer cell migration and invasion has been already reported. We confirmed the interaction between CBX7 and PRMT1 and demonstrated that this interaction is crucial for PRMT1 enzymatic activity both in vitro and in vivo and for the regulation of E-cadherin expression, an important hallmark of EMT. These results suggest a general mechanism by which CBX7 interacting with histone modification enzymes like HDAC2 and PRMT1 enhances E-cadherin expression. Therefore, disruption of this equilibrium may induce impairment of E-cadherin expression and increased cell migration eventually leading to EMT and, then, cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Federico
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale - CNR c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Romina Sepe
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale - CNR c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Flora Cozzolino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" and CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudia Piccolo
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale - CNR c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Iannone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" and CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy
| | - Ilaria Iacobucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" and CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy
| | - Piero Pucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" and CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Monti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" and CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alfredo Fusco
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale - CNR c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
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20
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Zeng Z, Liu H, Yuan J, Ren X, Deng Y, Dai W, Wu Y, Huang Y, Huang R, Liu J, Huang H, Hu J. Poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase silencing-mediated maintenance of H2A and downregulation of H2AK9me protect human bronchial epithelial cells from benzo(a)pyrene-induced carcinogenesis. Toxicol Lett 2018; 295:270-276. [PMID: 29981922 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribosylation) is a key post-translational modification (PTM), and poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) is the main enzyme that hydrolyzes poly (ADP-ribose) in eukaryotic organisms. Our previous findings suggested that knockdown of PARG attenuates benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) carcinogenesis. However, the mechanisms underlying PARG-mediated protective effects remain limited. In this study, the expression levels of histones were analyzed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Histone H2A levels were abnormally decreased by BaP-induced carcinogenesis, but were maintained by knockdown of PARG in the 16HBE human bronchial epithelial cell line. The interaction between poly (ADP-ribose) and H2A was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. PARG-related modifications in H2A were profiled by immune antibody enrichment coupled with mass spectrometry. H2AK5ac, H2AK9ac, H2AK13ac, H2A.ZK4K7K11ac, and H2AK9me were expressed in BaP-transformed 16HBE (BTC-16HBE) cells, but were not detectable in normal 16HBE or BaP-transformed 16HBE cells with knockdown of PARG (BTC-shPARG). Further verification by Western blotting indicated that H2AK9me was elevated in BTC-16HBE cells but decreased in BTC-shPARG cells. These findings suggest that knockdown of PARG protects against BaP-induced carcinogenesis in 16HBE cells by downregulating H2AK9me. Our in vivo studies confirmed that PARG silencing decreased H2AK9me levels, thereby countering the carcinogenic teratogenic effects induced by BaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoying Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, China; Institude of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Hailong Liu
- Institude of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Jianhui Yuan
- Institude of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Xiaohu Ren
- Institude of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Yanxia Deng
- Institude of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Wenjuan Dai
- Institude of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, China
| | - Ruixue Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, China
| | - Jiaofeng Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Institude of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China.
| | - Jian'an Hu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, China.
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21
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Liu C, Ma Y, Shang Y, Huo R, Li W. Post-translational regulation of the maternal-to-zygotic transition. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:1707-1722. [PMID: 29427077 PMCID: PMC11105290 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2750-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) is essential for the developmental control handed from maternal products to newly synthesized zygotic genome in the earliest stages of embryogenesis, including maternal component (mRNAs and proteins) degradation and zygotic genome activation (ZGA). Various protein post-translational modifications have been identified during the MZT, such as phosphorylation, methylation and ubiquitination. Precise post-translational regulation mechanisms are essential for the timely transition of early embryonic development. In this review, we summarize recent progress regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying post-translational regulation of maternal component degradation and ZGA during the MZT and discuss some important issues in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Haerbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongliang Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China.
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Shokri G, Doudi S, Fathi-Roudsari M, Kouhkan F, Sanati MH. Targeting histone demethylases KDM5A and KDM5B in AML cancer cells: A comparative view. Leuk Res 2018; 68:105-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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23
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The Vast Complexity of the Epigenetic Landscape during Neurodevelopment: An Open Frame to Understanding Brain Function. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051333. [PMID: 29723958 PMCID: PMC5983638 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Development is a well-defined stage-to-stage process that allows the coordination and maintenance of the structure and function of cells and their progenitors, in a complete organism embedded in an environment that, in turn, will shape cellular responses to external stimuli. Epigenetic mechanisms comprise a group of process that regulate genetic expression without changing the DNA sequence, and they contribute to the necessary plasticity of individuals to face a constantly changing medium. These mechanisms act in conjunction with genetic pools and their correct interactions will be crucial to zygote formation, embryo development, and brain tissue organization. In this work, we will summarize the main findings related to DNA methylation and histone modifications in embryonic stem cells and throughout early development phases. Furthermore, we will critically outline some key observations on how epigenetic mechanisms influence the rest of the developmental process and how long its footprint is extended from fecundation to adulthood.
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24
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Appikonda S, Thakkar KN, Shah PK, Dent SYR, Andersen JN, Barton MC. Cross-talk between chromatin acetylation and SUMOylation of tripartite motif-containing protein 24 (TRIM24) impacts cell adhesion. J Biol Chem 2018. [PMID: 29523690 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.002233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins with domains that recognize and bind post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histones are collectively termed epigenetic readers. Numerous interactions between specific reader protein domains and histone PTMs and their regulatory outcomes have been reported, but little is known about how reader proteins may in turn be modulated by these interactions. Tripartite motif-containing protein 24 (TRIM24) is a histone reader aberrantly expressed in multiple cancers. Here, our investigation revealed functional cross-talk between histone acetylation and TRIM24 SUMOylation. Binding of TRIM24 to chromatin via its tandem PHD-bromodomain, which recognizes unmethylated lysine 4 and acetylated lysine 23 of histone H3 (H3K4me0/K23ac), led to TRIM24 SUMOylation at lysine residues 723 and 741. Inactivation of the bromodomain, either by mutation or with a small-molecule inhibitor, IACS-9571, abolished TRIM24 SUMOylation. Conversely, inhibition of histone deacetylation markedly increased TRIM24's interaction with chromatin and its SUMOylation. Of note, gene expression profiling of MCF7 cells expressing WT versus SUMO-deficient TRIM24 identified cell adhesion as the major pathway regulated by the cross-talk between chromatin acetylation and TRIM24 SUMOylation. In conclusion, our findings establish a new link between histone H3 acetylation and SUMOylation of the reader protein TRIM24, a functional connection that may bear on TRIM24's oncogenic function and may inform future studies of PTM cross-talk between histones and epigenetic regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Appikonda
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Epigenetics, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Kaushik N Thakkar
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Epigenetics, Houston, Texas 77030; University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Parantu K Shah
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Sharon Y R Dent
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Epigenetics, Houston, Texas 77030; University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Jannik N Andersen
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Michelle C Barton
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Epigenetics, Houston, Texas 77030; University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030.
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25
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Wood K, Tellier M, Murphy S. DOT1L and H3K79 Methylation in Transcription and Genomic Stability. Biomolecules 2018; 8:E11. [PMID: 29495487 PMCID: PMC5871980 DOI: 10.3390/biom8010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The organization of eukaryotic genomes into chromatin provides challenges for the cell to accomplish basic cellular functions, such as transcription, DNA replication and repair of DNA damage. Accordingly, a range of proteins modify and/or read chromatin states to regulate access to chromosomal DNA. Yeast Dot1 and the mammalian homologue DOT1L are methyltransferases that can add up to three methyl groups to histone H3 lysine 79 (H3K79). H3K79 methylation is implicated in several processes, including transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II, the DNA damage response and cell cycle checkpoint activation. DOT1L is also an important drug target for treatment of mixed lineage leukemia (MLL)-rearranged leukemia where aberrant transcriptional activation is promoted by DOT1L mislocalisation. This review summarizes what is currently known about the role of Dot1/DOT1L and H3K79 methylation in transcription and genomic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Wood
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK.
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Michael Tellier
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK.
| | - Shona Murphy
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK.
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26
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Zhou X, Wang W, Du C, Yan F, Yang S, He K, Wang H, Zhao A. OGG1 regulates the level of symmetric dimethylation of histone H4 arginine-3 by interacting with PRMT5. Mol Cell Probes 2018; 38:19-24. [PMID: 29409673 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OGG1 is the first enzyme in the base excision repair pathway (BER) responsible for repairing 8-oxoguanine DNA lesions. Recent studies found that OGG1 may also be involved in epigenetic regulation. In this study, we focused on the roles of OGG1 in histone modification. First, to study the effects of OGG1 on histone modification, the protein levels of symmetric dimethylation of histone H4 arginine-3 (H4R3me2s) were determined by western blot analysis following the knockdown or overexpression of OGG1. Second, the molecular mechanisms by which OGG1 regulates H4R3me2s were assessed by co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP) assays in mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) wild-type (WT) and Ogg-/- cells. Finally, to verify the regulation of H4R3me2s by OGG1 on specific genes, chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) was performed on MEF WT and Ogg-/- cells. We found that OGG1 affects PRMT5 binding on histone H4 and the formation of H4R3me2s via PRMT5. The methylation level of H4R3me2s was dramatically decreased in MEF Ogg-/- cells compared to WT cells. Knockdown of OGG1 by siRNA led to a decrease in H4R3me2s, while overexpression of OGG1 increased the level of H4R3me2s. OGG1 also interacted with PRMT5 and histone H4, and the interaction between PRMT5 and histone H4 was reduced in MEF Ogg-/- cells. Our data not only illustrate the important roles of OGG1 in histone modification, but also reveal the mechanism by which OGG1 affects PRMT5 binding on H4R3 resulting in the symmetrical dimethylation of histone H4 arginine-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Road, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chengtao Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Road, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Feifei Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Road, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Songbai Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Road, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Ke He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Road, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Han Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Road, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Ayong Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 666 Wusu Road, Lin'an 311300, China.
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27
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Castañeda CA, Wolfson NA, Leng KR, Kuo YM, Andrews AJ, Fierke CA. HDAC8 substrate selectivity is determined by long- and short-range interactions leading to enhanced reactivity for full-length histone substrates compared with peptides. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:21568-21577. [PMID: 29109148 PMCID: PMC5766737 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.811026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) catalyze deacetylation of acetyl-lysine residues within proteins. To date, HDAC substrate specificity and selectivity have been largely estimated using peptide substrates. However, it is unclear whether peptide substrates accurately reflect the substrate selectivity of HDAC8 toward full-length proteins. Here, we compare HDAC8 substrate selectivity in the context of peptides, full-length proteins, and protein-nucleic acid complexes. We demonstrate that HDAC8 catalyzes deacetylation of tetrameric histone (H3/H4) substrates with catalytic efficiencies that are 40-300-fold higher than those for corresponding peptide substrates. Thus, we conclude that additional contacts with protein substrates enhance catalytic efficiency. However, the catalytic efficiency decreases for larger multiprotein complexes. These differences in HDAC8 substrate selectivity for peptides and full-length proteins suggest that HDAC8 substrate preference is based on a combination of short- and long-range interactions. In summary, this work presents detailed kinetics for HDAC8-catalyzed deacetylation of singly-acetylated, full-length protein substrates, revealing that HDAC8 substrate selectivity is determined by multiple factors. These insights provide a foundation for understanding recognition of full-length proteins by HDACs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katherine R Leng
- Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 and
| | - Yin-Ming Kuo
- the Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111
| | | | - Carol A Fierke
- From the Program in Chemical Biology and
- the Departments of Biological Chemistry and
- Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 and
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28
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Armas-López L, Zúñiga J, Arrieta O, Ávila-Moreno F. The Hedgehog-GLI pathway in embryonic development and cancer: implications for pulmonary oncology therapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:60684-60703. [PMID: 28948003 PMCID: PMC5601171 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional regulation and epigenetic mechanisms closely control gene expression through diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes. These include the development of germ layers and post-natal epithelial cell-tissue differentiation, as well as, involved with the induction, promotion and/or progression of human malignancies. Diverse studies have shed light on the molecular similarities and differences involved in the stages of embryological epithelial development and dedifferentiation processes in malignant tumors of epithelial origin, of which many focus on lung carcinomas. In lung cancer, several transcriptional, epigenetic and genetic aberrations have been described to partly arise from environmental risk factors, but ethnic genetic predisposition factors may also play a role. The classification of the molecular hallmarks of cancer has been essential to study and achieve a comprehensive view of the interaction networks between cell signaling pathways and functional roles of the transcriptional and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms. This has in turn increased understanding on how these molecular networks are involved in embryo-layers and malignant diseases development. Ultimately, a major biomedicine goal is to achieve a thorough understanding of their roles as diagnostic, prognostic and treatment response indicators in lung oncological patients. Recently, several notable cell-signaling pathways have been studied based on their contribution to promoting and/or regulating the engagement of different cancer hallmarks, among them genome instability, exacerbated proliferative signaling, replicative immortality, tumor invasion-metastasis, inflammation, and immune-surveillance evasion mechanisms. Of these, the Hedgehog-GLI (Hh) cell-signaling pathway has been identified as a main molecular contribution into several of the abovementioned functional embryo-malignancy processes. Nonetheless, the systematic study of the regulatory epigenetic and transcriptional mechanisms has remained mostly unexplored, which could identify the interaction networks between specific biomarkers and/or new therapeutic targets in malignant tumor progression and resistance to lung oncologic therapy. In the present work, we aimed to revise the most important up-to-date experimental and clinical findings in biology, embryology and cancer research regarding the Hh pathway. We explore the potential control of the transcriptional-epigenetic programming versus reprogramming mechanisms associated with its Hh-GLI cell signaling pathway members. Last, we present a summary of this information to systematically integrate the Hh signaling pathway to identify and propose novel compound strategies or better oncological therapeutic schemes for lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Armas-López
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Iztacala, Biomedicine Research Unit (UBIMED), Cancer Epigenomics And Lung Diseases Laboratory (UNAM-INER), Mexico City, México
| | - Joaquín Zúñiga
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER), Ismael Cosío Villegas, Research Unit, Mexico City, México
| | - Oscar Arrieta
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCAN), Thoracic Oncology Clinic, Mexico City, México
| | - Federico Ávila-Moreno
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Iztacala, Biomedicine Research Unit (UBIMED), Cancer Epigenomics And Lung Diseases Laboratory (UNAM-INER), Mexico City, México
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER), Ismael Cosío Villegas, Research Unit, Mexico City, México
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29
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Inhibition of KDM4A activity as a strategy to suppress interleukin-6 production and attenuate colitis induction. Clin Immunol 2017; 180:120-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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30
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Dickson KA, Cole AJ, Gill AJ, Clarkson A, Gard GB, Chou A, Kennedy CJ, Henderson BR, Fereday S, Traficante N, Alsop K, Bowtell DD, deFazio A, Clifton-Bligh R, Marsh DJ. The RING finger domain E3 ubiquitin ligases BRCA1 and the RNF20/RNF40 complex in global loss of the chromatin mark histone H2B monoubiquitination (H2Bub1) in cell line models and primary high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 25:5460-5471. [PMID: 27798111 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic factors driving cancer-associated chromatin remodelling are of increasing interest as the role of the cancer epigenome in gene expression and DNA repair processes becomes elucidated. Monoubiquitination of histone H2B at lysine 120 (H2Bub1) is a central histone modification that functions in histone cross-talk, transcriptional elongation, DNA repair, maintaining centromeric chromatin and replication-dependent histone mRNA 3'-end processing, as well as being required for the differentiation of stem cells. The loss of global H2Bub1 is seen in a number of aggressive malignancies and has been linked to tumour progression and/or a poorer prognosis in some cancers. Here, we analyse a large cohort of high-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOC) and show loss of global H2Bub1 in 77% (313 of 407) of tumours. Loss of H2Bub1 was seen at all stages (I-IV) of HGSOC, indicating it is a relatively early epigenomic event in this aggressive malignancy. Manipulation of key H2Bub1 E3 ubiquitin ligases, RNF20, RNF40 and BRCA1, in ovarian cancer cell line models modulated H2Bub1 levels, indicative of the role of these RING finger ligases in monoubiquitination of H2Bub1 in vitro. However, in primary HGSOC, loss of RNF20 protein expression was identified in just 6% of tumours (26 of 424) and did not correlate with global H2Bub1 loss. Similarly, germline mutation of BRCA1 did not show a correlation with the global H2Bub1 loss. We conclude that the regulation of tumour-associated H2Bub1 levels is complex. Aberrant expression of alternative histone-associated 'writer' or 'eraser' enzymes are likely responsible for the global loss of H2Bub1 seen in HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristie-Ann Dickson
- Hormones and Cancer Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hosptial, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexander J Cole
- Hormones and Cancer Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hosptial, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony J Gill
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, and Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Research Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Adele Clarkson
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, and Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Research Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Gregory B Gard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Angela Chou
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, SYDPATH, St Vincents Hospitals, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Catherine J Kennedy
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Beric R Henderson
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Sian Fereday
- Cancer Genomics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nadia Traficante
- Cancer Genomics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kathryn Alsop
- Cancer Genomics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David D Bowtell
- Cancer Genomics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia and.,The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Garvan Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Anna deFazio
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Roderick Clifton-Bligh
- Hormones and Cancer Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hosptial, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Deborah J Marsh
- Hormones and Cancer Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hosptial, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
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31
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Weaver ICG, Korgan AC, Lee K, Wheeler RV, Hundert AS, Goguen D. Stress and the Emerging Roles of Chromatin Remodeling in Signal Integration and Stable Transmission of Reversible Phenotypes. Front Behav Neurosci 2017; 11:41. [PMID: 28360846 PMCID: PMC5350110 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of early life experience and degree of parental-infant attachment on emotional development in children and adolescents has been comprehensively studied. Structural and mechanistic insight into the biological foundation and maintenance of mammalian defensive systems (metabolic, immune, nervous and behavioral) is slowly advancing through the emerging field of developmental molecular (epi)genetics. Initial evidence revealed that differential nurture early in life generates stable differences in offspring hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) regulation, in part, through chromatin remodeling and changes in DNA methylation of specific genes expressed in the brain, revealing physical, biochemical and molecular paths for the epidemiological concept of gene-environment interactions. Herein, a primary molecular mechanism underpinning the early developmental programming and lifelong maintenance of defensive (emotional) responses in the offspring is the alteration of chromatin domains of specific genomic regions from a condensed state (heterochromatin) to a transcriptionally accessible state (euchromatin). Conversely, DNA methylation promotes the formation of heterochromatin, which is essential for gene silencing, genomic integrity and chromosome segregation. Therefore, inter-individual differences in chromatin modifications and DNA methylation marks hold great potential for assessing the impact of both early life experience and effectiveness of intervention programs—from guided psychosocial strategies focused on changing behavior to pharmacological treatments that target chromatin remodeling and DNA methylation enzymes to dietary approaches that alter cellular pools of metabolic intermediates and methyl donors to affect nutrient bioavailability and metabolism. In this review article, we discuss the potential molecular mechanism(s) of gene regulation associated with chromatin modeling and programming of endocrine (e.g., HPA and metabolic or cardiovascular) and behavioral (e.g., fearfulness, vigilance) responses to stress, including alterations in DNA methylation and the role of DNA repair machinery. From parental history (e.g., drugs, housing, illness, nutrition, socialization) to maternal-offspring exchanges of nutrition, microbiota, antibodies and stimulation, the nature of nurture provides not only mechanistic insight into how experiences propagate from external to internal variables, but also identifies a composite therapeutic target, chromatin modeling, for gestational/prenatal stress, adolescent anxiety/depression and adult-onset neuropsychiatric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian C G Weaver
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, and Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Austin C Korgan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, and Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Kristen Lee
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, and Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Ryan V Wheeler
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, and Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Amos S Hundert
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, and Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Donna Goguen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, and Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University Halifax, NS, Canada
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32
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Wang L, Huang X, Chai Y, Zou L, Chedrawe M, Ding Y. Octreotide inhibits the proliferation of gastric cancer cells through P300-HAT activity and the interaction of ZAC and P300. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:2041-2048. [PMID: 28260048 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatostatin (SST) exhibits a wide range of physiological functions, including the regulation of tumor cell growth. Octreotide (OCT) is a synthetic analogue of SST that can be used to slow gastrointestinal bleeding, inhibit the release of growth hormone and impede gastrointestinal tumor growth. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of OCT underlying the inhibition of gastric cancer cell proliferation. Proteins of interest were detected using western blotting, and the zinc finger protein (ZAC)-P300 complex was quantified using co-immunoprecipitation. P300-histone acetyltransferase (P300-HAT) activity was determined spectrophotometrically. The results showed that OCT decreased the phosphorylation of Akt which caused the level of ZAC to increase. In turn, the interaction between ZAC and P300 increased the activity of P300-HAT; ultimately, the phosphorylation of serine 10 in histone H3 (pS10-H3) was decreased and the acetylation of lysine 14 in histone H3 (acK14-H3) was increased. These results suggest that OCT attenuates SGC-7901 cell proliferation by enhancing P300-HAT activity through the interaction of ZAC and P300, causing a reduction in pS10-H3 and an increase in acK14-H3. These findings provide insight for future research on OCT and further demonstrate the potential of OCT to be used as a therapeutic agent for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Yurong Chai
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Liyang Zou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Matthew Chedrawe
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
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33
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Zagni C, Floresta G, Monciino G, Rescifina A. The Search for Potent, Small-Molecule HDACIs in Cancer Treatment: A Decade After Vorinostat. Med Res Rev 2017; 37:1373-1428. [PMID: 28181261 DOI: 10.1002/med.21437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a crucial role in the remodeling of chromatin, and are involved in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. In the last decade, inhibition of HDACs came out as a target for specific epigenetic changes associated with cancer and other diseases. Until now, more than 20 HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) have entered clinical studies, and some of them (e.g., vorinostat, romidepsin) have been approved for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. This review provides an overview of current knowledge, progress, and molecular mechanisms of HDACIs, covering a period from 2011 until 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Zagni
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Floresta
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Giulia Monciino
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
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Hu XT, Zhu BL, Zhao LG, Wang JW, Liu L, Lai YJ, He L, Deng XJ, Chen GJ. Histone deacetylase inhibitor apicidin increases expression of the α-secretase ADAM10 through transcription factor USF1-mediated mechanisms. FASEB J 2016; 31:1482-1493. [PMID: 28003340 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600961rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ADAM10 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10) is the α-secretase that is involved in APP (β-amyloid precursor protein) processing. Enhancement of the nonamyloidogenic APP pathway by ADAM10 provides therapeutic potential for Alzheimer's disease (AD). By using high-throughput screening that targeted ADAM10, we determined that apicidin-an inhibitor of HDACs (histone deacetylases)-significantly increased mRNA and protein levels of ADAM10 in SH-SY5Y cells. A luciferase assay revealed that the nucleotides -444 to -300 in the ADAM10 promoter were sufficient to mediate this effect. In addition, knockdown of USF1 (upstream transcription factor 1) and HDAC2/3 prevented apicidin regulation of ADAM10. Moreover, USF1 acetylation was increased by apicidin, which enhanced the association of USF1 with HDAC2/3 and with the ADAM10 promoter. We further found that apicidin did not affect the phosphorylation of ERK or USF1; however, ERK inhibitor U0126 blocked the effect of apicidin on ADAM10. Finally, apicidin increased the level of α-site C-terminal fragment from APP and reduced the production of β-amyloid peptide 1-42. Collectively, our study provides evidence that ADAM10 expression can be regulated by HDAC2/3 inhibitor apicidin via USF1-dependent mechanisms in which ERK signaling plays an important role. Thus, HDAC regulation of ADAM10 might shed new light on the understanding of AD pathology.-Hu, X.-T., Zhu, B.-L., Zhao, L.-G., Wang, J.-W., Liu, L., Lai, Y.-J., He, L., Deng, X.-J., Chen, G.-J. Histone deacetylase inhibitor apicidin increases expression of the α-secretase ADAM10 through transcription factor USF1-mediated mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tong Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Bing-Lin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Ge Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing-Wen Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Jie Lai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Deng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Guo-Jun Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
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Villota-Salazar NA, Mendoza-Mendoza A, González-Prieto JM. Epigenetics: from the past to the present. FRONTIERS IN LIFE SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/21553769.2016.1249033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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36
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Epigenetic events in male common urogenital organs cancer. JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrpr.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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The Impact of External Factors on the Epigenome: In Utero and over Lifetime. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:2568635. [PMID: 27294112 PMCID: PMC4887632 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2568635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic marks change during fetal development, adult life, and aging. Some changes play an important role in the establishment and regulation of gene programs, but others seem to occur without any apparent physiological role. An important future challenge in the field of epigenetics will be to describe how the environment affects both of these types of epigenetic change and to learn if interaction between them can determine healthy and disease phenotypes during lifetime. Here we discuss how chemical and physical environmental stressors, diet, life habits, and pharmacological treatments can affect the epigenome during lifetime and the possible impact of these epigenetic changes on pathophysiological processes.
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Synergistic Modification Induced Specific Recognition between Histone and TRIM24 via Fluctuation Correlation Network Analysis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24587. [PMID: 27079666 PMCID: PMC4832343 DOI: 10.1038/srep24587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone modification plays a key role in gene regulation and gene expression. TRIM24 as a histone reader can recognize histone modification. However the specific recognition mechanism between TRIM24 and histone modification is unsolved. Here, systems biology method of dynamics correlation network based on molecular dynamics simulation was used to answer the question. Our network analysis shows that the dynamics correlation network of H3K23ac is distinctly different from that of wild type and other modifications. A hypothesis of “synergistic modification induced recognition” is then proposed to link histone modification and TRIM24 binding. These observations were further confirmed from community analysis of networks with mutation and network perturbation. Finally, a possible recognition pathway is also identified based on the shortest path search for H3K23ac. Significant difference of recognition pathway was found among different systems due to methylation and acetylation modifications. The analysis presented here and other studies show that the dynamic network-based analysis might be a useful general strategy to study the biology of protein post-translational modification and associated recognition.
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Ligon CO, Moloney RD, Greenwood-Van Meerveld B. Targeting Epigenetic Mechanisms for Chronic Pain: A Valid Approach for the Development of Novel Therapeutics. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2016; 357:84-93. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.231670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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Mijakovic I, Grangeasse C, Turgay K. Exploring the diversity of protein modifications: special bacterial phosphorylation systems. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2016; 40:398-417. [PMID: 26926353 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuw003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein modifications not only affect protein homeostasis but can also establish new cellular protein functions and are important components of complex cellular signal sensing and transduction networks. Among these post-translational modifications, protein phosphorylation represents the one that has been most thoroughly investigated. Unlike in eukarya, a large diversity of enzyme families has been shown to phosphorylate and dephosphorylate proteins on various amino acids with different chemical properties in bacteria. In this review, after a brief overview of the known bacterial phosphorylation systems, we focus on more recently discovered and less widely known kinases and phosphatases. Namely, we describe in detail tyrosine- and arginine-phosphorylation together with some examples of unusual serine-phosphorylation systems and discuss their potential role and function in bacterial physiology, and regulatory networks. Investigating these unusual bacterial kinase and phosphatases is not only important to understand their role in bacterial physiology but will help to generally understand the full potential and evolution of protein phosphorylation for signal transduction, protein modification and homeostasis in all cellular life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Mijakovic
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Division, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Christophe Grangeasse
- Unité Microbiologie Moléculaire et Biochimie Structurale, UMR 5086-CNRS/ Université Lyon 1, Lyon 69367, France
| | - Kürşad Turgay
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
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Horlacher O, Lisacek F, Müller M. Mining Large Scale Tandem Mass Spectrometry Data for Protein Modifications Using Spectral Libraries. J Proteome Res 2015; 15:721-31. [PMID: 26653734 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Experimental improvements in post-translational modification (PTM) detection by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) has allowed the identification of vast numbers of PTMs. Open modification searches (OMSs) of MS/MS data, which do not require prior knowledge of the modifications present in the sample, further increased the diversity of detected PTMs. Despite much effort, there is still a lack of functional annotation of PTMs. One possibility to narrow the annotation gap is to mine MS/MS data deposited in public repositories and to correlate the PTM presence with biological meta-information attached to the data. Since the data volume can be quite substantial and contain tens of millions of MS/MS spectra, the data mining tools must be able to cope with big data. Here, we present two tools, Liberator and MzMod, which are built using the MzJava class library and the Apache Spark large scale computing framework. Liberator builds large MS/MS spectrum libraries, and MzMod searches them in an OMS mode. We applied these tools to a recently published set of 25 million spectra from 30 human tissues and present tissue specific PTMs. We also compared the results to the ones obtained with the OMS tool MODa and the search engine X!Tandem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Horlacher
- Proteome Informatics Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics , Geneva 1211, Switzerland.,Centre Universitaire de Bioinformatique, University of Geneva , Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Frederique Lisacek
- Proteome Informatics Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics , Geneva 1211, Switzerland.,Centre Universitaire de Bioinformatique, University of Geneva , Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Markus Müller
- Proteome Informatics Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics , Geneva 1211, Switzerland.,Centre Universitaire de Bioinformatique, University of Geneva , Geneva 1211, Switzerland
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Lomberk GA, Urrutia R. The Triple-Code Model for Pancreatic Cancer: Cross Talk Among Genetics, Epigenetics, and Nuclear Structure. Surg Clin North Am 2015; 95:935-52. [PMID: 26315515 DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is painful, generally incurable, and frequently lethal. The current progression model indicates that this cancer evolves by mutations and deletions in key oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. This article describes an updated, more comprehensive model that includes concepts from the fields of epigenetics and nuclear architecture. Widespread use of next-generation sequencing for identifying genetic and epigenetic changes genome-wide will help identify and validate more and better markers for this disease. Epigenetic alterations are amenable to pharmacologic manipulations, thus this new integrated paradigm will contribute to advance this field from a mechanistic and translational point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwen A Lomberk
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Guggenheim 10-24A, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Raul Urrutia
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Guggenheim 10-42C, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Biophysics, Mayo Clinic, Guggenheim 10-42C, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Guggenheim 10-42C, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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Anderson KW, Mast N, Pikuleva IA, Turko IV. Histone H3 Ser57 and Thr58 phosphorylation in the brain of 5XFAD mice. FEBS Open Bio 2015; 5:550-6. [PMID: 26199864 PMCID: PMC4506931 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease has been shown to have a global reduction in gene expression, called an epigenetic blockade, which may be regulated by histone post-translational modifications. Histone H3 has been shown to be highly regulated by phosphorylation. We, therefore, chose H3 for investigation of phosphorylation of the core sites serine-57 (S57) and threonine-58 (T58). Hemispheres of brains from a mouse model of rapid amyloid deposition (5XFAD) were used for measurement of S57 and T58 phosphorylation. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was used to measure the level of phosphorylation, which was normalized to a non-modified "housekeeping" peptide of H3. S57 phosphorylation was decreased by 40%, T58 phosphorylation was decreased by 45%, and doubly phosphorylated S57pT58p was decreased by 30% in 5XFAD brain in comparison to C57BL/6J age- and sex-matched wild type controls. Amyloid-β (Aβ) and amyloid precursor protein were also measured to confirm that 5XFAD mice produced high levels of Aβ. Decreased phosphorylation of these sites in close proximity to DNA may lead to stabilization of DNA-histone interactions and a condensed chromatin state, consistent with the epigenetic blockade associated with AD. Our findings of H3 sites S57 and T58 exhibiting lower levels of phosphorylation in 5XFAD model compared to wild type control implicate these sites in the epigenetic blockade in neurodegeneration pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle W. Anderson
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Natalia Mast
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Irina A. Pikuleva
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Illarion V. Turko
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
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Jie B, Weilong C, Ming C, Fei X, Xinghua L, Junhua C, Guobin W, Kaixiong T, Xiaoming S. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 depletion induces cellular senescence via histone demethylation along the INK4/ARF locus. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 65:104-12. [PMID: 26004298 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Polycomb group proteins are epigenetic transcriptional repressors that function through recognition and modification of histone methylation and chromatin structure. As a member of PcG proteins, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) targets cell cycle regulatory proteins which govern cell cycle progression and cellular senescence. In previous work, we reported that EZH2 depletion functionally induced cellular senescence in human gastric cancer cells with mutant p53. However, whether EZH2 expression contributes to the change of key cell cycle regulators and the mechanism involved are still unclear. To address this issue, we investigated the effects of EZH2 depletion on alteration of histone methylation pattern. In gastric cancer cells, INK4/ARF locus was activated to certain extent in consequence of a decrease of H3K27me3 along it caused by EZH2 silence, which contributed substantially to an increase in the expression of p15(INK4b), p14(ARF) and p16(INK4a) and resulted in cellular senescence ultimately. Furthermore, MKN28 cells, which did not express p16(INK4a) and p21(cip), could be induced to senescence via p15(INK4b) activation and suppression of p15(INK4b) reversed senescence progression induced by EZH2 downregulated. These data unravel a crucial role of EZH2 in the regulation of INK4/ARF expression and senescence procedure in gastric cancer cells, and show that the cellular senescence could just depend on the activation of p15(INK4b)/Rb pathway, suggesting the cell-type and species specificity involved in the mechanisms of senescence inducement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai Jie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chang Weilong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cai Ming
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xu Fei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liu Xinghua
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chen Junhua
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wang Guobin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tao Kaixiong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuai Xiaoming
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022, People's Republic of China.
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Quantification of histone deacetylase isoforms in human frontal cortex, human retina, and mouse brain. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126592. [PMID: 25962138 PMCID: PMC4427357 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition has promise as a therapy for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Currently, therapeutic HDAC inhibitors target many HDAC isoforms, a particularly detrimental approach when HDAC isoforms are known to have different and specialized functions. We have developed a multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mass spectrometry assay using stable isotope-labeled QconCATs as internal standards to quantify HDAC isoforms. We further determined a quantitative pattern of specific HDACs expressed in various human and mouse neural tissues. In human AD frontal cortex, HDAC1,2 decreased 32%, HDAC5 increased 47%, and HDAC6 increased 31% in comparison to age-matched controls. Human neural retina concentrations of HDAC1, 2, HDAC5, HDAC6, and HDAC7 decreased in age-related macular degeneration (AMD)-affected donors and exhibited a greater decrease in AD-affected donors in comparison to age-matched control neural retinas. Additionally, HDAC concentrations were measured in whole hemisphere of brain of 5XFAD mice, a model of β-amyloid deposition, to assess similarity to AD in human frontal cortex. HDAC profiles of human frontal cortex and mouse hemisphere had noticeable differences and relatively high concentrations of HDAC3 and HDAC4 in mice, which were undetectable in humans. Our method for quantification of HDAC isoforms is a practical and efficient technique to quantify isoforms in various tissues and diseases. Changes in HDAC concentrations reported herein contribute to the understanding of the pathology of neurodegeneration.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer and colorectal cancer, the two most frequent cancers within the gastrointestinal tract, account for a large proportion of human malignancies worldwide. The initiation and progression of gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) is controlled by both genetic and epigenetic events. Epigenetic alterations, including changes in DNA methylation, specific histone modifications, chromatin remodeling and noncoding RNA-mediated gene silencing, are potentially reversible and heritable. SUMMARY In this article, we summarize the current advances in epigenetic biomarkers as potential substrates for GIC detection. The combined screening of a panel of methylated genes, hyperacetylated histones, microRNAs or other noncoding RNAs is currently under evaluation to improve sensitivity. KEY MESSAGE Current studies concentrated on the development of cost-effective epigenetic diagnostic biomarkers for GIC based on noninvasive blood or stool samples. The combined blood or stool test with a relatively high sensitivity could be a cost-effective screening tool for the detection of patients with asymptomatic cancers who could therefore choose whether or not to go for further examinations, such as endoscopy or colonoscopy. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS A better understanding of epigenetic mechanisms has not only offered new insights into a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms of carcinogenesis, but has also allowed identification of clinically relevant putative biomarkers for the early detection, disease monitoring, prognosis and risk assessment of GIC. In particular, noninvasive biomarkers in serum or fecal samples for the detection of GIC could have potential for better compliance and can be incorporated into routine clinical practice in the foreseeable future, pending their validation in large-scale prospective trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Mi Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China ; Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, China ; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yua Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China ; Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, China ; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
Ubiquitination has traditionally been viewed in the context of polyubiquitination that is essential for marking proteins for degradation via the proteasome. Recent discoveries have shed light on key cellular roles for monoubiquitination, including as a post-translational modification (PTM) of histones such as histone H2B. Monoubiquitination plays a significant role as one of the largest histone PTMs, alongside smaller, better-studied modifications such as methylation, acetylation and phosphorylation. Monoubiquitination of histone H2B at lysine 120 (H2Bub1) has been shown to have key roles in transcription, the DNA damage response and stem cell differentiation. The H2Bub1 enzymatic cascade involves E3 RING finger ubiquitin ligases, with the main E3 generally accepted to be the RNF20-RNF40 complex, and deubiquitinases including ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7), USP22 and USP44. H2Bub1 has been shown to physically disrupt chromatin strands, fostering a more open chromatin structure accessible to transcription factors and DNA repair proteins. It also acts as a recruiting signal, actively attracting proteins with roles in transcription and DNA damage. H2Bub1 also appears to play central roles in histone cross-talk, influencing methylation events on histone H3, including H3K4 and H3K79. Most significantly, global levels of H2Bub1 are low to absent in advanced cancers including breast, colorectal, lung and parathyroid, marking H2Bub1 and the enzymes that regulate it as key molecules of interest as possible new therapeutic targets for the treatment of cancer. This review offers an overview of current knowledge regarding H2Bub1 and highlights links between dysregulation of H2Bub1-associated enzymes, stem cells and malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Cole
- Hormones and Cancer GroupKolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2065, Australia
| | - Roderick Clifton-Bligh
- Hormones and Cancer GroupKolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2065, Australia
| | - Deborah J Marsh
- Hormones and Cancer GroupKolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2065, Australia
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Sekar TV, Foygel K, Gelovani JG, Paulmurugan R. Genetically encoded molecular biosensors to image histone methylation in living animals. Anal Chem 2014; 87:892-9. [PMID: 25506787 PMCID: PMC4303335 DOI: 10.1021/ac502629r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Post-translational addition of methyl
groups to the amino terminal
tails of histone proteins regulates cellular gene expression at various
stages of development and the pathogenesis of cellular diseases, including
cancer. Several enzymes that modulate these post-translational modifications
of histones are promising targets for development of small molecule
drugs. However, there is no promising real-time histone methylation
detection tool currently available to screen and validate potential
small molecule histone methylation modulators in small animal models.
With this in mind, we developed genetically encoded molecular biosensors
based on the split-enzyme complementation approach for in vitro and
in vivo imaging of lysine 9 (H3–K9 sensor) and lysine 27 (H3–K27
sensor) methylation marks of histone 3. These methylation sensors
were validated in vitro in HEK293T, HepG2, and HeLa cells. The efficiency
of the histone methylation sensor was assessed by employing methyltransferase
inhibitors (Bix01294 and UNC0638), demethylase inhibitor (JIB-04),
and siRNA silencing at the endogenous histone K9-methyltransferase
enzyme level. Furthermore, noninvasive bioluminescence imaging of
histone methylation sensors confirmed the potential of these sensors
in monitoring histone methylation status in response to histone methyltransferase
inhibitors in living animals. Experimental results confirmed that
the developed H3–K9 and H3–K27 sensors are specific
and sensitive to image the drug-induced histone methylation changes
in living animals. These novel histone methylation sensors can facilitate
the in vitro screening and in vivo characterization of new histone
methyltransferase inhibitors and accelerate the pace of introduction
of epigenetic therapies into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thillai V Sekar
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Bio-X Program, Stanford University School of Medicine , 318 Campus Drive, East Wing, 1st Floor, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Kong X, Chen L, Jiao L, Jiang X, Lian F, Lu J, Zhu K, Du D, Liu J, Ding H, Zhang N, Shen J, Zheng M, Chen K, Liu X, Jiang H, Luo C. Astemizole arrests the proliferation of cancer cells by disrupting the EZH2-EED interaction of polycomb repressive complex 2. J Med Chem 2014; 57:9512-21. [PMID: 25369470 DOI: 10.1021/jm501230c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) modulates the chromatin structure and transcriptional repression by trimethylation lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3), a process that necessitates the protein-protein interaction (PPI) between the catalytic subunit EZH2 and EED. Deregulated PRC2 is intimately involved in tumorigenesis and progression, making it an invaluable target for epigenetic cancer therapy. However, until now, there have been no reported small molecule compounds targeting the EZH2-EED interactions. In the present study, we identified astemizole, an FDA-approved drug, as a small molecule inhibitor of the EZH2-EED interaction of PRC2. The disruption of the EZH2-EED interaction by astemizole destabilizes the PRC2 complex and inhibits its methyltransferase activity in cancer cells. Multiple lines of evidence have demonstrated that astemizole arrests the proliferation of PRC2-driven lymphomas primarily by disabling the PRC2 complex. Our findings demonstrate the chemical tractability of the difficult PPI target by a small molecule compound, highlighting the therapeutic promise for PRC2-driven human cancers via targeted destruction of the EZH2-EED complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqian Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 P. R. China
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FGF2 is a target and a trigger of epigenetic mechanisms associated with differences in emotionality: partnership with H3K9me3. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:11834-9. [PMID: 25071177 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1411618111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications of histone tails in chromatin template can result from environmental experiences such as stress and substance abuse. However, the role of epigenetic modifications as potential predisposing factors in affective behavior is less well established. To address this question, we used our selectively bred lines of high responder (bHR) and low responder (bLR) rats that show profound and stable differences in affective responses, with bLRs being prone to anxiety- and depression-like behavior and bHRs prone to addictive behavior. We first asked whether these phenotypes are associated with basal differences in epigenetic profiles. Our results reveal broad between-group differences in basal levels of trimethylated histone protein H3 at lysine 9 (H3K9me3) in hippocampus (HC), amygdala, and nucleus accumbens. Moreover, levels of association of H3K9me3 at Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) and Fibroblast growth Factor 2 (FGF2) promoters differ reciprocally between bHRs and bLRs in these regions, consistent with these genes' opposing levels of expression and roles in modulating anxiety behavior. Importantly, this basal epigenetic pattern is modifiable by FGF2, a factor that modulates anxiety behavior. Thus, early-life FGF2, which decreases anxiety, altered the levels of H3K9me3 and its binding at FGF2 and GR promoters of bLRs rendering them more similar to bHRs. Conversely, knockdown of HC FGF2 altered both anxiety behavior and levels of H3K9me3 in bHRs, rendering them more bLR-like. These findings implicate FGF2 as a modifier of epigenetic mechanisms associated with emotional responsiveness, and point to H3K9me3 as a key player in the regulation of affective vulnerability.
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