1
|
Dashtmian AR, Darvishi FB, Arnold WD. Chronological and Biological Aging in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and the Potential of Senolytic Therapies. Cells 2024; 13:928. [PMID: 38891059 PMCID: PMC11171952 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a group of sporadic and genetic neurodegenerative disorders that result in losses of upper and lower motor neurons. Treatment of ALS is limited, and survival is 2-5 years after disease onset. While ALS can occur in younger individuals, the risk significantly increases with advancing age. Notably, both sporadic and genetic forms of ALS share pathophysiological features overlapping hallmarks of aging including genome instability/DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, proteostasis, and cellular senescence. This review explores chronological and biological aging in the context of ALS onset and progression. Age-related muscle weakness and motor unit loss mirror aspects of ALS pathology and coincide with peak ALS incidence, suggesting a potential link between aging and disease development. Hallmarks of biological aging, including DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular senescence, are implicated in both aging and ALS, offering insights into shared mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis. Furthermore, senescence-associated secretory phenotype and senolytic treatments emerge as promising avenues for ALS intervention, with the potential to mitigate neuroinflammation and modify disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Roshani Dashtmian
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.R.D.); (F.B.D.)
- NextGen Precision Health, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Fereshteh B. Darvishi
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.R.D.); (F.B.D.)
- NextGen Precision Health, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - William David Arnold
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.R.D.); (F.B.D.)
- NextGen Precision Health, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pandya VA, Patani R. The role of glial cells in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 176:381-450. [PMID: 38802179 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has traditionally been considered a neuron-centric disease. This view is now outdated, with increasing recognition of cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous contributions of central and peripheral nervous system glia to ALS pathomechanisms. With glial research rapidly accelerating, we comprehensively interrogate the roles of astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, Schwann cells and satellite glia in nervous system physiology and ALS-associated pathology. Moreover, we highlight the inter-glial, glial-neuronal and inter-system polylogue which constitutes the healthy nervous system and destabilises in disease. We also propose classification based on function for complex glial reactive phenotypes and discuss the pre-requisite for integrative modelling to advance translation. Given the paucity of life-enhancing therapies currently available for ALS patients, we discuss the promising potential of harnessing glia in driving ALS therapeutic discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virenkumar A Pandya
- University College London Medical School, London, United Kingdom; The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Rickie Patani
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ding X, Ma X, Meng P, Yue J, Li L, Xu L. Potential Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Anti-Aging and Aging-Related Diseases: Current Evidence and Perspectives. Clin Interv Aging 2024; 19:681-693. [PMID: 38706635 PMCID: PMC11070163 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s447514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging and aging-related diseases present a global public health problem. Therefore, the development of efficient anti-aging drugs has become an important area of research. Traditional Chinese medicine is an important complementary and alternative branch of aging-related diseases therapy. Recently, a growing number of studies have revealed that traditional Chinese medicine has a certain delaying effect on the progression of aging and aging-related diseases. Here, we review the progress in research into using traditional Chinese medicine for aging and aging-related diseases (including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer). Furthermore, we summarize the potential mechanisms of action of traditional Chinese medicine and provide references for further studies on aging and aging-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Ding
- Department of Medical, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuxia Ma
- Department of AIDS Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Meng
- Department of the First Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Yue
- Department of AIDS Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangping Li
- Department of Graduate, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liran Xu
- Department of the First Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liang R, Qi X, Cai Q, Niu L, Huang X, Zhang D, Ling J, Wu Y, Chen Y, Yang P, Liu J, Zhang J, Yu P. The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in aging and age-related diseases. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:14. [PMID: 38317229 PMCID: PMC10840156 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00395-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The gradual aging of the global population has led to a surge in age-related diseases, which seriously threaten human health. Researchers are dedicated to understanding and coping with the complexities of aging, constantly uncovering the substances and mechanism related to aging like chronic low-grade inflammation. The NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), a key regulator of the innate immune response, recognizes molecular patterns associated with pathogens and injury, initiating an intrinsic inflammatory immune response. Dysfunctional NLRP3 is linked to the onset of related diseases, particularly in the context of aging. Therefore, a profound comprehension of the regulatory mechanisms of the NLRP3 inflammasome in aging-related diseases holds the potential to enhance treatment strategies for these conditions. In this article, we review the significance of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the initiation and progression of diverse aging-related diseases. Furthermore, we explore preventive and therapeutic strategies for aging and related diseases by manipulating the NLRP3 inflammasome, along with its upstream and downstream mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruikai Liang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinrui Qi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qi Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Liyan Niu
- Huan Kui College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xi Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Deju Zhang
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jitao Ling
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Yixuan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Pingping Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alavi-Moghadam S, Kokabi-Hamidpour S, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Larijani B, Arjmand R, Rahim F, Rezazadeh-Mafi A, Adibi H, Arjmand B. Neuromuscular Junction-on-a-Chip for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Modeling. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2736:139-150. [PMID: 36749488 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2022_474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and degenerative disorder of the nervous system that can significantly reduce the physical activity of patients at the end stages. As the field of disease pathophysiology has advanced in recent years, studies have looked at the role of neuromuscular junction's dysfunctionality in ALS. In the past years, various in vitro and in vivo models were developed to scrutinize the underlying mechanisms of the disease and investigate the effects of candidate drugs, but the application of the developed models faced many challenges. Hence, the attentions shifted to cutting-edge technologies such as the organ-on-a-chip, which can mimic the pathophysiology of the disease as a special biological platform using patient-derived cells in the integration of engineering sciences to expand researchers' perspectives on the disease. In addition, organ-on-a-chip technology can reduce some of the challenges of using other in vitro and in vivo models, which can pave the way for other discoveries and advances in this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Alavi-Moghadam
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shayesteh Kokabi-Hamidpour
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasta Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fakher Rahim
- Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Anesthesia, Cihan University- Sulaimaniya, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Ahmad Rezazadeh-Mafi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shaheed Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Adibi
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Iranian Cancer Control Center (MACSA), Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li J, Ma C, Huang H, Liao H. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and osteoporosis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1305040. [PMID: 38161591 PMCID: PMC10757610 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1305040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background A few observational studies revealed that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) was tightly connected with osteoporosis. However, the results of previous studies were inconsistent, and the causal effect of ALS on osteoporosis has not been investigated. To do so, the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method was employed to estimate the causality. Methods The instrumental variables (IVs) for ALS were selected from one GWAS summary dataset (27,205 ALS cases and 110,881 controls), and bone mineral density (BMD) in the femoral neck (FN), lumbar spine (LS), and forearm, extracted from another large-scale GWAS summary database (53,236 cases), were used as phenotypes for osteoporosis. Random-effects inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode were conducted to evaluate the causality. Sensitivity analyses were further performed to explore heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Results A total of 10 qualified SNPs were finally selected as proxies for ALS. The results of random effects from IVW revealed that ALS has no causal effect on FN-BMD (beta: -0.038, 95% CI: -0.090 to 0.015, SE: 0.027, p = 0.158), LS-BMD (beta: -0.015, 95% CI: -0.076 to 0.046, SE: 0.031, p = 0.629), and forearm BMD (beta: 0.044, 95% CI: -0.063 to 0.152, SE: 0.055, p = 0.418). These results were confirmed using the MR-Egger, weighted median, simple model, and weighted model. No heterogeneity or pleiotropy was detected (p > 0.05 for all). Conclusion Contrary to previous observational studies, our study figured out that no causal effect existed between ALS and osteoporosis. The disparity in results is probably attributed to secondary effects such as physical inactivity and muscle atrophy caused by ALS.
Collapse
|
7
|
Petrić Howe M, Patani R. Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in neuronal physiology and neurodegeneration. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:879-892. [PMID: 37543480 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
The processes of mRNA export from the nucleus and subsequent mRNA translation in the cytoplasm are of particular relevance in eukaryotic cells. In highly polarised cells such as neurons, finely-tuned molecular regulation of these processes serves to safeguard the spatiotemporal fidelity of gene expression. Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a cytoplasmic translation-dependent quality control process that regulates gene expression in a wide range of scenarios in the nervous system, including neurodevelopment, learning, and memory formation. Moreover, NMD dysregulation has been implicated in a broad range of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. We discuss how NMD and related aspects of mRNA translation regulate key neuronal functions and, in particular, we focus on evidence implicating these processes in the molecular pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential and challenges of targeting mRNA translation and NMD across the spectrum of largely untreatable neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Petrić Howe
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK; Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London (UCL), Queen Square, WC1N 3BG London, UK.
| | - Rickie Patani
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK; Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London (UCL), Queen Square, WC1N 3BG London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Castillo Bautista CM, Eismann K, Gentzel M, Pelucchi S, Mertens J, Walters HE, Yun MH, Sterneckert J. Obatoclax Rescues FUS-ALS Phenotypes in iPSC-Derived Neurons by Inducing Autophagy. Cells 2023; 12:2247. [PMID: 37759469 PMCID: PMC10527391 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with the disruption of protein homeostasis and causally contributes to multiple diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). One strategy for restoring protein homeostasis and protecting neurons against age-dependent diseases such as ALS is to de-repress autophagy. BECN1 is a master regulator of autophagy; however, is repressed by BCL2 via a BH3 domain-mediated interaction. We used an induced pluripotent stem cell model of ALS caused by mutant FUS to identify a small molecule BH3 mimetic that disrupts the BECN1-BCL2 interaction. We identified obatoclax as a brain-penetrant drug candidate that rescued neurons at nanomolar concentrations by reducing cytoplasmic FUS levels, restoring protein homeostasis, and reducing degeneration. Proteomics data suggest that obatoclax protects neurons via multiple mechanisms. Thus, obatoclax is a candidate for repurposing as a possible ALS therapeutic and, potentially, for other age-associated disorders linked to defects in protein homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristin Eismann
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany (M.G.)
| | - Marc Gentzel
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany (M.G.)
| | - Silvia Pelucchi
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA (J.M.)
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Jerome Mertens
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA (J.M.)
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Institute for Molecular Biology, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hannah E. Walters
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.M.C.B.); (H.E.W.)
| | - Maximina H. Yun
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.M.C.B.); (H.E.W.)
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jared Sterneckert
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.M.C.B.); (H.E.W.)
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Christoforidou E, Simoes FA, Gordon D, Talbot K, Hafezparast M. Aberrant dynein function promotes TDP-43 aggregation and upregulation of p62 in male mice harboring transgenic human TDP-43. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37498094 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2023.2239276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Most TDP-43 mouse models of ALS do not display cytoplasmic mislocalisation or protein aggregation of TDP-43 in spinal motor neurons in vivo. Thus, we investigated whether a combination of defective dynein with a TDP-43 mutation could trigger TDP-43 pathology. METHODS Using immunohistochemical methods we examined the intracellular motor neuron pathology of the offspring of TDP-43WT and TDP-43M337V transgenic mice bred to heterozygous Loa mice, which carry an autosomal dominant mutation in dynein cytoplasmic 1 heavy chain 1 (Dync1h1). RESULTS These mice did not exhibit TDP-43 mislocalisation in spinal motor neurons, but the expression of mutant dynein in combination with wildtype human TDP-43 resulted in p62 upregulation and TDP-43 aggregation, thus partially recapitulating the human disease. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide new insights into the possible relationship between dynein and TDP-43 and could prove useful in future studies looking to elucidate the mechanism behind the TDP-43 pathology observed in ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Christoforidou
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK and
| | - Fabio A Simoes
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK and
| | - David Gordon
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kevin Talbot
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Majid Hafezparast
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK and
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang S, Park JH, Lu HC. Axonal energy metabolism, and the effects in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:49. [PMID: 37475056 PMCID: PMC10357692 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00634-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Human studies consistently identify bioenergetic maladaptations in brains upon aging and neurodegenerative disorders of aging (NDAs), such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Glucose is the major brain fuel and glucose hypometabolism has been observed in brain regions vulnerable to aging and NDAs. Many neurodegenerative susceptible regions are in the topological central hub of the brain connectome, linked by densely interconnected long-range axons. Axons, key components of the connectome, have high metabolic needs to support neurotransmission and other essential activities. Long-range axons are particularly vulnerable to injury, neurotoxin exposure, protein stress, lysosomal dysfunction, etc. Axonopathy is often an early sign of neurodegeneration. Recent studies ascribe axonal maintenance failures to local bioenergetic dysregulation. With this review, we aim to stimulate research in exploring metabolically oriented neuroprotection strategies to enhance or normalize bioenergetics in NDA models. Here we start by summarizing evidence from human patients and animal models to reveal the correlation between glucose hypometabolism and connectomic disintegration upon aging/NDAs. To encourage mechanistic investigations on how axonal bioenergetic dysregulation occurs during aging/NDAs, we first review the current literature on axonal bioenergetics in distinct axonal subdomains: axon initial segments, myelinated axonal segments, and axonal arbors harboring pre-synaptic boutons. In each subdomain, we focus on the organization, activity-dependent regulation of the bioenergetic system, and external glial support. Second, we review the mechanisms regulating axonal nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) homeostasis, an essential molecule for energy metabolism processes, including NAD+ biosynthetic, recycling, and consuming pathways. Third, we highlight the innate metabolic vulnerability of the brain connectome and discuss its perturbation during aging and NDAs. As axonal bioenergetic deficits are developing into NDAs, especially in asymptomatic phase, they are likely exaggerated further by impaired NAD+ homeostasis, the high energetic cost of neural network hyperactivity, and glial pathology. Future research in interrogating the causal relationship between metabolic vulnerability, axonopathy, amyloid/tau pathology, and cognitive decline will provide fundamental knowledge for developing therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sen Yang
- The Linda and Jack Gill Center for Biomolecular Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Jung Hyun Park
- The Linda and Jack Gill Center for Biomolecular Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Hui-Chen Lu
- The Linda and Jack Gill Center for Biomolecular Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rich KA, Pino MG, Yalvac ME, Fox A, Harris H, Balch MHH, Arnold WD, Kolb SJ. Impaired motor unit recovery and maintenance in a knock-in mouse model of ALS-associated Kif5a variant. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 182:106148. [PMID: 37164288 PMCID: PMC10874102 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinesin family member 5A (KIF5A) is an essential, neuron-specific microtubule-associated motor protein responsible for the anterograde axonal transport of various cellular cargos. Loss of function variants in the N-terminal, microtubule-binding domain are associated with hereditary spastic paraplegia and hereditary motor neuropathy. These variants result in a loss of the ability of the mutant protein to process along microtubules. Contrastingly, gain of function splice-site variants in the C-terminal, cargo-binding domain of KIF5A are associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease involving death of upper and lower motor neurons, ultimately leading to degradation of the motor unit (MU; an alpha motor neuron and all the myofibers it innervates) and death. These ALS-associated variants result in loss of autoinhibition, increased procession of the mutant protein along microtubules, and altered cargo binding. To study the molecular and cellular consequences of ALS-associated variants in vivo, we introduced the murine homolog of an ALS-associated KIF5A variant into C57BL/6 mice using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing which produced mutant Kif5a mRNA and protein in neuronal tissues of heterozygous (Kif5a+/c.3005+1G>A; HET) and homozygous (Kif5ac.3005+1G>A/c.3005+1G>A; HOM) mice. HET and HOM mice appeared normal in behavioral and electrophysiological (compound muscle action potential [CMAP] and MU number estimation [MUNE]) outcome measures at one year of age. When subjected to sciatic nerve injury, HET and HOM mice have delayed and incomplete recovery of the MUNE compared to wildtype (WT) mice suggesting an impairment in MU repair. Moreover, aged mutant Kif5a mice (aged two years) had reduced MUNE independent of injury, and exacerbation of the delayed and incomplete recovery after injury compared to aged WT mice. These data suggest that ALS-associated variants may result in an impairment of the MU to respond to biological challenges such as injury and aging, leading to a failure of MU repair and maintenance. In this report, we present the behavioral, electrophysiological and pathological characterization of mice harboring an ALS-associated Kif5a variant to understand the functional consequences of KIF5A C-terminal variants in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Rich
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Megan G Pino
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mehmet E Yalvac
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ashley Fox
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hallie Harris
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Maria H H Balch
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - W David Arnold
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, MO, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Missouri, MO, USA
| | - Stephen J Kolb
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu C, Feng Y. Exploring the potential of mindfulness-based therapy in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases based on molecular mechanism studies. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1097067. [PMID: 37383106 PMCID: PMC10293639 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1097067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) have received increasing attention due to their irreversibility, but there is still no means to completely cure ND in clinical practice. Mindfulness therapy (MT), including Qigong, Tai Chi, meditation, and yoga, etc., has become an effective complementary treatment modality in solving clinical and subclinical problems due to its advantages of low side effects, less pain, and easy acceptance by patients. MT is primarily used to treat mental and emotional disorders. In recent years, evidence has shown that MT has a certain therapeutic effect on ND with a potential molecular basis. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis and risk factors of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), relating to telomerase activity, epigenetics, stress, and the pro-inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) mediated inflammatory response, and analyze the molecular mechanism basis of MT to prevent and treat ND, to provide possible explanations for the potential of MT treatments for ND.
Collapse
|
13
|
Schreiber S, Bernal J, Arndt P, Schreiber F, Müller P, Morton L, Braun-Dullaeus RC, Valdés-Hernández MDC, Duarte R, Wardlaw JM, Meuth SG, Mietzner G, Vielhaber S, Dunay IR, Dityatev A, Jandke S, Mattern H. Brain Vascular Health in ALS Is Mediated through Motor Cortex Microvascular Integrity. Cells 2023; 12:957. [PMID: 36980297 PMCID: PMC10047140 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain vascular health appears to be critical for preventing the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and slowing its progression. ALS patients often demonstrate cardiovascular risk factors and commonly suffer from cerebrovascular disease, with evidence of pathological alterations in their small cerebral blood vessels. Impaired vascular brain health has detrimental effects on motor neurons: vascular endothelial growth factor levels are lowered in ALS, which can compromise endothelial cell formation and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Increased turnover of neurovascular unit cells precedes their senescence, which, together with pericyte alterations, further fosters the failure of toxic metabolite removal. We here provide a comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis of impaired brain vascular health in ALS and how novel magnetic resonance imaging techniques can aid its detection. In particular, we discuss vascular patterns of blood supply to the motor cortex with the number of branches from the anterior and middle cerebral arteries acting as a novel marker of resistance and resilience against downstream effects of vascular risk and events in ALS. We outline how certain interventions adapted to patient needs and capabilities have the potential to mechanistically target the brain microvasculature towards favorable motor cortex blood supply patterns. Through this strategy, we aim to guide novel approaches to ALS management and a better understanding of ALS pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Schreiber
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jose Bernal
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Arndt
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Schreiber
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Müller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology and Angiology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lorena Morton
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Roberto Duarte
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, UK Dementia Research Institute Centre, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK
| | - Joanna Marguerite Wardlaw
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, UK Dementia Research Institute Centre, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK
| | - Sven Günther Meuth
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Grazia Mietzner
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Vielhaber
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ildiko Rita Dunay
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Dityatev
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Solveig Jandke
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hendrik Mattern
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Merjane J, Chung R, Patani R, Lisowski L. Molecular mechanisms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis as broad therapeutic targets for gene therapy applications utilizing adeno-associated viral vectors. Med Res Rev 2023. [PMID: 36786126 DOI: 10.1002/med.21937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite the devastating clinical outcome of the neurodegenerative disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), its etiology remains mysterious. Approximately 90% of ALS is characterized as sporadic, signifying that the patient has no family history of the disease. The development of an impactful disease modifying therapy across the ALS spectrum has remained out of grasp, largely due to the poorly understood mechanisms of disease onset and progression. Currently, ALS is invariably fatal and rapidly progressive. It is hypothesized that multiple factors can lead to the development of ALS, however, treatments are often focused on targeting specific familial forms of the disease (10% of total cases). There is a strong need to develop disease modifying treatments for ALS that can be effective across the full ALS spectrum of familial and sporadic cases. Although the onset of disease varies significantly between patients, there are general disease mechanisms and progressions that can be seen broadly across ALS patients. Therefore, this review explores the targeting of these widespread disease mechanisms as possible areas for therapeutic intervention to treat ALS broadly. In particular, this review will focus on targeting mechanisms of defective protein homeostasis and RNA processing, which are both increasingly recognized as design principles of ALS pathogenesis. Additionally, this review will explore the benefits of gene therapy as an approach to treating ALS, specifically focusing on the use of adeno-associated virus (AAV) as a vector for gene delivery to the CNS and recent advances in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Merjane
- Translational Vectorology Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roger Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rickie Patani
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK.,The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Leszek Lisowski
- Translational Vectorology Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chintapula U, Chikate T, Sahoo D, Kieu A, Guerrero Rodriguez ID, Nguyen KT, Trott D. Immunomodulation in age-related disorders and nanotechnology interventions. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1840. [PMID: 35950266 PMCID: PMC9840662 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the aging population has increased exponentially around the globe bringing more challenges to improve quality of life in those populations while reducing the economic burden on healthcare systems. Aging is associated with changes in the immune system culminating in detrimental effects such as immune dysfunction, immunosenescence, and chronic inflammation. Age-related decline of immune functions is associated with various pathologies including cardiovascular, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, and infectious diseases to name a few. Conventional treatment addresses the onset of age-related diseases by early detection of risk factors, administration of vaccines as preventive care, immunomodulatory treatment, and other dietary supplements. However, these approaches often come with systemic side-effects, low bioavailability of therapeutic agents, and poor outcomes seen in the elderly. Recent innovations in nanotechnology have led to the development of novel biomaterials/nanomaterials, which explore targeted drug delivery and immunomodulatory interactions in vivo. Current nanotechnology-based immunomodulatory approaches that have the potential to be used as therapeutic interventions for some prominent age-related diseases are discussed here. Finally, we explore challenges and future aspects of nanotechnology in the treatments of age-related disorders to improve quality of life in the elderly. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Cardiovascular Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uday Chintapula
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
- Joint Bioengineering Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Tanmayee Chikate
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Deepsundar Sahoo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Amie Kieu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | | | - Kytai T. Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
- Joint Bioengineering Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel Trott
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kim D, Kiprov DD, Luellen C, Lieb M, Liu C, Watanabe E, Mei X, Cassaleto K, Kramer J, Conboy MJ, Conboy IM. Old plasma dilution reduces human biological age: a clinical study. GeroScience 2022; 44:2701-2720. [PMID: 35999337 PMCID: PMC9398900 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00645-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This work extrapolates to humans the previous animal studies on blood heterochronicity and establishes a novel direct measurement of biological age. Our results support the hypothesis that, similar to mice, human aging is driven by age-imposed systemic molecular excess, the attenuation of which reverses biological age, defined in our work as a deregulation (noise) of 10 novel protein biomarkers. The results on biological age are strongly supported by the data, which demonstrates that rounds of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) promote a global shift to a younger systemic proteome, including youthfully restored pro-regenerative, anticancer, and apoptotic regulators and a youthful profile of myeloid/lymphoid markers in circulating cells, which have reduced cellular senescence and lower DNA damage. Mechanistically, the circulatory regulators of the JAK-STAT, MAPK, TGF-beta, NF-κB, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways become more youthfully balanced through normalization of TLR4, which we define as a nodal point of this molecular rejuvenation. The significance of our findings is confirmed through big-data gene expression studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daehwan Kim
- Department of Bioengineering and QB3 Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | | | - Connor Luellen
- Biophysics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Michael Lieb
- Department of Bioengineering and QB3 Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Bioengineering and QB3 Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Etsuko Watanabe
- Department of Bioengineering and QB3 Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Xiaoyue Mei
- Department of Bioengineering and QB3 Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | | | - Joel Kramer
- Brain Aging Center, UCSF, San Francisco, USA
| | - Michael J Conboy
- Department of Bioengineering and QB3 Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Irina M Conboy
- Department of Bioengineering and QB3 Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
The Cellular and Molecular Signature of ALS in Muscle. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12111868. [PMID: 36579600 PMCID: PMC9692882 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a disease affecting upper and lower motor neurons. Although motor neuron death is the core event of ALS pathology, it is increasingly recognized that other tissues and cell types are affected in the disease, making potentially major contributions to the occurrence and progression of pathology. We review here the known cellular and molecular characteristics of muscle tissue affected by ALS. Evidence of toxicity in skeletal muscle tissue is considered, including metabolic dysfunctions, impaired proteostasis, and deficits in muscle regeneration and RNA metabolism. The role of muscle as a secretory organ, and effects on the skeletal muscle secretome are also covered, including the increase in secretion of toxic factors or decrease in essential factors that have consequences for neuronal function and survival.
Collapse
|
18
|
Amorós MA, Choi ES, Cofré AR, Dokholyan NV, Duzzioni M. Motor neuron-derived induced pluripotent stem cells as a drug screening platform for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:962881. [PMID: 36105357 PMCID: PMC9467621 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.962881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of cell culture models that recapitulate the etiology and features of nervous system diseases is central to the discovery of new drugs and their translation onto therapies. Neuronal tissues are inaccessible due to skeletal constraints and the invasiveness of the procedure to obtain them. Thus, the emergence of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology offers the opportunity to model different neuronal pathologies. Our focus centers on iPSCs derived from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, whose pathology remains in urgent need of new drugs and treatment. In this sense, we aim to revise the process to obtain motor neurons derived iPSCs (iPSC-MNs) from patients with ALS as a drug screening model, review current 3D-models and offer a perspective on bioinformatics as a powerful tool that can aid in the progress of finding new pharmacological treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana A. Amorós
- Laboratory of Pharmacological Innovation, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Esther S. Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Axel R. Cofré
- Laboratory of Pharmacological Innovation, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Nikolay V. Dokholyan
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Marcelo Duzzioni
- Laboratory of Pharmacological Innovation, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pun FW, Liu BHM, Long X, Leung HW, Leung GHD, Mewborne QT, Gao J, Shneyderman A, Ozerov IV, Wang J, Ren F, Aliper A, Bischof E, Izumchenko E, Guan X, Zhang K, Lu B, Rothstein JD, Cudkowicz ME, Zhavoronkov A. Identification of Therapeutic Targets for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Using PandaOmics – An AI-Enabled Biological Target Discovery Platform. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:914017. [PMID: 35837482 PMCID: PMC9273868 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.914017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe neurodegenerative disease with ill-defined pathogenesis, calling for urgent developments of new therapeutic regimens. Herein, we applied PandaOmics, an AI-driven target discovery platform, to analyze the expression profiles of central nervous system (CNS) samples (237 cases; 91 controls) from public datasets, and direct iPSC-derived motor neurons (diMNs) (135 cases; 31 controls) from Answer ALS. Seventeen high-confidence and eleven novel therapeutic targets were identified and will be released onto ALS.AI (http://als.ai/). Among the proposed targets screened in the c9ALS Drosophila model, we verified 8 unreported genes (KCNB2, KCNS3, ADRA2B, NR3C1, P2RY14, PPP3CB, PTPRC, and RARA) whose suppression strongly rescues eye neurodegeneration. Dysregulated pathways identified from CNS and diMN data characterize different stages of disease development. Altogether, our study provides new insights into ALS pathophysiology and demonstrates how AI speeds up the target discovery process, and opens up new opportunities for therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank W. Pun
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bonnie Hei Man Liu
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xi Long
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hoi Wing Leung
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Geoffrey Ho Duen Leung
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Quinlan T. Mewborne
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Junli Gao
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Anastasia Shneyderman
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ivan V. Ozerov
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ju Wang
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Feng Ren
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alexander Aliper
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Evelyne Bischof
- College of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- International Center for Multimorbidity and Complexity in Medicine (ICMC), Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Evgeny Izumchenko
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Xiaoming Guan
- 4B Technologies Limited, Suzhou BioBay, Suzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Bai Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jeffrey D. Rothstein
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Merit E. Cudkowicz
- Healey & AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Merit E. Cudkowicz,
| | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Ltd., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States
- Alex Zhavoronkov,
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sen S, Lagas S, Roy A, Kumar H. Cytoskeleton saga: Its regulation in normal physiology and modulation in neurodegenerative disorders. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 925:175001. [PMID: 35525310 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cells are fundamental units of life. To ensure the maintenance of homeostasis, integrity of structural and functional counterparts is needed to be essentially balanced. The cytoskeleton plays a vital role in regulating the cellular morphology, signalling and other factors involved in pathological conditions. Microtubules, actin (microfilaments), intermediate filaments (IF) and their interactions are required for these activities. Various proteins associated with these components are primary requirements for directing their functions. Disruption of this organization due to faulty genetics, oxidative stress or impaired transport mechanisms are the major causes of dysregulated signalling cascades leading to various pathological conditions like Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) or any traumatic injury like spinal cord injury (SCI). Novel or conventional therapeutic approaches may be specific or non-specific, targeting either three basic components of the cytoskeleton or various cascades that serve as a cue to numerous pathways like ROCK signalling or the GSK-3β pathway. An enormous number of drugs have been redirected for modulating the cytoskeletal dynamics and thereby may pave the way for inhibiting the progression of these diseases and their complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santimoy Sen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Sheetal Lagas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Abhishek Roy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Hemant Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xia K, Zhang L, Tang L, Huang T, Fan D. Assessing the role of blood pressure in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a Mendelian randomization study. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:56. [PMID: 35172853 PMCID: PMC8848798 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02212-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have suggested a close but controversial relationship between blood pressure (BP) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It remains unclear whether this association is causal. The authors employed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to evaluate the causal relationship between BP and ALS. Genetic proxies for systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), antihypertensive drugs (AHDs), ALS, and their corresponding genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary datasets were obtained from the most recent studies with the largest sample sizes. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was adopted as the main approach to examine the effect of BP on ALS and four other MR methods were used for sensitivity analyses. To exclude the interference between SBP and DBP, a multivariable MR approach was used. RESULTS We found that genetically determined increased DBP was a protective factor for ALS (OR = 0.978, 95% CI 0.960-0.996, P = 0.017) and that increased SBP was an independent risk factor for ALS (OR = 1.014, 95% CI 1.003-1.025, P = 0.015), which is supported by sensitivity analyses. The use of calcium channel blocker (CCB) showed a causal relationship with ALS (OR = 0.985, 95% CI 0.971-1.000, P = 0.049). No evidence was revealed that ALS caused changes in BP. CONCLUSIONS This study provides genetic support for a causal effect of BP and ALS that increased DBP has a protective effect on ALS, and increased SBP is a risk factor for ALS, which may be related to sympathetic excitability. Blood pressure management is essential in ALS, and CCB may be a promising candidate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kailin Xia
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Garden North Road No. 49, Beijing, 100191, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Linjing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Garden North Road No. 49, Beijing, 100191, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Garden North Road No. 49, Beijing, 100191, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. .,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Garden North Road No. 49, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China. .,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Health Commission/Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Reddy Addi U, Jakhotia S, Reddy SS, Reddy GB. Advanced glycation end products in brain during aging. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 355:109840. [PMID: 35104490 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a main risk factor for many diseases including neurodegenerative disorders. Numerous theories and mechanisms including accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been put forward in explaining brain aging. However, a focused study on the status of AGEs in the brain during progressive aging in connection with interrelated cellular processes like ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), unfolded protein response, autophagy-lysosome system and apoptosis is lacking. Hence, in this study, we investigated the levels of AGEs in the brain of 5-, 10-, 15- and 20-months old WNIN rats. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, UPS components, autophagy flux, neurotrophic and presynaptic markers along with cell death markers were analyzed by immunoblotting. The neuronal architecture was analyzed by H&E and Nissl staining. The results demonstrated progressive accumulation of AGEs in the brain during aging. Adaptive ER stress response was observed by 10-months while maladaptive ER stress response was seen at 15- and 20-months of age along with impaired UPS and autophagy, and perturbations in neuronal growth factors. All these disturbances intensify with age to further exaggerate cell death mechanisms. There was a shrinkage of the cell size with aging and Congo-red staining revealed β-amyloid accumulation in higher ages. Together these results suggest that progressive accumulation of AGEs with aging in the brain may lead to neuronal damage by affecting ER homeostasis, UPS, autophagic flux, and neuronal growth factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Utkarsh Reddy Addi
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sneha Jakhotia
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - S Sreenivasa Reddy
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pan Y, Nicolazzo JA. Altered Blood-Brain Barrier and Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Dynamics in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Impact on Medication Efficacy and Safety. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:2577-2588. [PMID: 35048358 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The access of drugs into the central nervous system (CNS) is regulated by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB). A large body of evidence supports perturbation of these barriers in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Modifications to the BBB and BSCB are also reported in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), albeit these modifications have received less attention relative to those in other neurodegenerative diseases. Such alterations to the BBB and BSCB have the potential to impact on CNS exposure of drugs in ALS, modulating the effectiveness of drugs intended to reach the brain and the toxicity of drugs that are not intended to reach the brain. Given the clinical importance of these phenomena, this review will summarise reported modifications to the BBB and BSCB in ALS, discuss their impact on CNS drug exposure and suggest further research directions so as to optimise medicine use in people with ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Pan
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joseph A Nicolazzo
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Vasta R, Chia R, Traynor BJ, Chiò A. Unraveling the complex interplay between genes, environment, and climate in ALS. EBioMedicine 2022; 75:103795. [PMID: 34974309 PMCID: PMC8728044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Various genetic and environmental risk factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Despite this, the cause of most ALS cases remains obscure. In this review, we describe the current evidence implicating genetic and environmental factors in motor neuron degeneration. While the risk exerted by many environmental factors may appear small, their effect could be magnified by the presence of a genetic predisposition. We postulate that gene-environment interactions account for at least a portion of the unknown etiology in ALS. Climate underlies multiple environmental factors, some of which have been implied in ALS etiology, and the impact of global temperature increase on the gene-environment interactions should be carefully monitored. We describe the main concepts underlying such interactions. Although a lack of large cohorts with detailed genetic and environmental information hampers the search for gene-environment interactions, newer algorithms and machine learning approaches offer an opportunity to break this stalemate. Understanding how genetic and environmental factors interact to cause ALS may ultimately pave the way towards precision medicine becoming an integral part of ALS care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Vasta
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, via Cherasco 15, Turin 1026, Italy; Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ruth Chia
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bryan J Traynor
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Reta Lila Weston Institute, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 1PJ, UK; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; ASO Rapid Development Laboratory, Therapeutics Development Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Adriano Chiò
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, via Cherasco 15, Turin 1026, Italy; Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, C.N.R., Rome 00185, Italy; Neurology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Xia K, Zhang L, Zhang G, Wang Y, Huang T, Fan D. Leukocyte telomere length and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a Mendelian randomization study. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:508. [PMID: 34906191 PMCID: PMC8670150 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-02135-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies have suggested that telomere length is associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, whether this association is causal remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the causal relationship between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and ALS by a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for LTL were identified through high-quality genome-wide association studies (GWASs). The ALS GWAS summary data (20,806 cases; 59,804 controls) with largest sample size to date was obtained. We adopted the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method to examine the effect of LTL on ALS and used the weighted median method, simple median method, MR Egger method and MR-PRESSO method to perform sensitivity analyses. Results We found that genetically determined increased LTL was inversely associated with the risk of ALS (odds ratio (OR) = 0.846, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.744–0.962, P = 0.011), which was mainly driven by rs940209 in the OBFC1 gene, suggesting a potential effect of OBFC1 on ALS. The results were further confirmed by sensitivity analysis with the MR Egger method (OR = 0.647, 95% CI = 0.447–0.936, P = 0.050). Analyses by the weighted median method (OR = 0.893, P = 0.201) and simple median method (OR = 0.935, P = 0.535) also showed a similar trend. The MR Egger analysis did not suggest directional pleiotropy, with an intercept of 0.025 (P = 0.168). Neither the influence of instrumental outliers nor heterogeneity was found. Conclusions Our results suggest that genetically predicted increased LTL has a causal relationship with a lower risk of ALS. Protecting against telomere loss may be of great importance in the prevention and treatment of ALS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13023-021-02135-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kailin Xia
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Linjing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. .,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China. .,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Health Commission/Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lundt S, Ding S. NAD + Metabolism and Diseases with Motor Dysfunction. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1776. [PMID: 34828382 PMCID: PMC8625820 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases result in the progressive deterioration of the nervous system, with motor and cognitive impairments being the two most observable problems. Motor dysfunction could be caused by motor neuron diseases (MNDs) characterized by the loss of motor neurons, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, or other neurodegenerative diseases with the destruction of brain areas that affect movement, such as Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is one of the most abundant metabolites in the human body and is involved with numerous cellular processes, including energy metabolism, circadian clock, and DNA repair. NAD+ can be reversibly oxidized-reduced or directly consumed by NAD+-dependent proteins. NAD+ is synthesized in cells via three different paths: the de novo, Preiss-Handler, or NAD+ salvage pathways, with the salvage pathway being the primary producer of NAD+ in mammalian cells. NAD+ metabolism is being investigated for a role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss cellular NAD+ homeostasis, looking at NAD+ biosynthesis and consumption, with a focus on the NAD+ salvage pathway. Then, we examine the research, including human clinical trials, focused on the involvement of NAD+ in MNDs and other neurodegenerative diseases with motor dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Lundt
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Shinghua Ding
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Anakor E, Le Gall L, Dumonceaux J, Duddy WJ, Duguez S. Exosomes in Ageing and Motor Neurone Disease: Biogenesis, Uptake Mechanisms, Modifications in Disease and Uses in the Development of Biomarkers and Therapeutics. Cells 2021; 10:2930. [PMID: 34831153 PMCID: PMC8616058 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intercellular communication between neurons and their surrounding cells occurs through the secretion of soluble molecules or release of vesicles such as exosomes into the extracellular space, participating in brain homeostasis. Under neuro-degenerative conditions associated with ageing, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease, exosomes are suspected to propagate toxic proteins. The topic of this review is the role of exosomes in ageing conditions and more specifically in ALS. Our current understanding of exosomes and exosome-related mechanisms is first summarized in a general sense, including their biogenesis and secretion, heterogeneity, cellular interaction and intracellular fate. Their role in the Central Nervous System (CNS) and ageing of the neuromotor system is then considered in the context of exosome-induced signaling. The review then focuses on exosomes in age-associated neurodegenerative disease. The role of exosomes in ALS is highlighted, and their use as potential biomarkers to diagnose and prognose ALS is presented. The therapeutic implications of exosomes for ALS are considered, whether as delivery vehicles, neurotoxic targets or as corrective drugs in and of themselves. A diverse set of mechanisms underpin the functional roles, both confirmed and potential, of exosomes, generally in ageing and specifically in motor neurone disease. Aspects of their contents, biogenesis, uptake and modifications offer many plausible routes towards the development of novel biomarkers and therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekene Anakor
- Northern Ireland Center for Stratified/Personalised Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Derry-Londonderry BT47 6SB, UK; (E.A.); (L.L.G.); (J.D.); (W.J.D.)
| | - Laura Le Gall
- Northern Ireland Center for Stratified/Personalised Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Derry-Londonderry BT47 6SB, UK; (E.A.); (L.L.G.); (J.D.); (W.J.D.)
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Trust, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Julie Dumonceaux
- Northern Ireland Center for Stratified/Personalised Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Derry-Londonderry BT47 6SB, UK; (E.A.); (L.L.G.); (J.D.); (W.J.D.)
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Trust, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - William John Duddy
- Northern Ireland Center for Stratified/Personalised Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Derry-Londonderry BT47 6SB, UK; (E.A.); (L.L.G.); (J.D.); (W.J.D.)
| | - Stephanie Duguez
- Northern Ireland Center for Stratified/Personalised Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Derry-Londonderry BT47 6SB, UK; (E.A.); (L.L.G.); (J.D.); (W.J.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bono S, Feligioni M, Corbo M. Impaired antioxidant KEAP1-NRF2 system in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: NRF2 activation as a potential therapeutic strategy. Mol Neurodegener 2021; 16:71. [PMID: 34663413 PMCID: PMC8521937 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress (OS) is an imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant species and, together with other numerous pathological mechanisms, leads to the degeneration and death of motor neurons (MNs) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). MAIN BODY Two of the main players in the molecular and cellular response to OS are NRF2, the transcription nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, and its principal negative regulator, KEAP1, Kelch-like ECH (erythroid cell-derived protein with CNC homology)-associated protein 1. Here we first provide an overview of the structural organization, regulation, and critical role of the KEAP1-NRF2 system in counteracting OS, with a focus on its alteration in ALS. We then examine several compounds capable of promoting NRF2 activity thereby inducing cytoprotective effects, and which are currently in different stages of clinical development for many pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases. CONCLUSIONS Although challenges associated with some of these compounds remain, important advances have been made in the development of safer and more effective drugs that could actually represent a breakthrough for fatal degenerative diseases such as ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bono
- Need Institute, Laboratory of Neurobiology for Translational Medicine, c/o Casa di Cura del Policlinico (CCP), Via Dezza 48, 20144 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Feligioni
- Need Institute, Laboratory of Neurobiology for Translational Medicine, c/o Casa di Cura del Policlinico (CCP), Via Dezza 48, 20144 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Signaling, EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Corbo
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura del Policlinico (CCP), Via Dezza 48, 20144 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Proteomic Analysis of Hypoxia-Induced Senescence of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:5555590. [PMID: 34484348 PMCID: PMC8416403 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5555590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods Hypoxia in hBMSCs was induced for 0, 4, and 12 hours, and cellular senescence was evaluated by senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining. Tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling was combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for differential proteomic analysis of hypoxia in hBMSCs. Parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) analysis was used to validate the candidate proteins. Verifications of signaling pathways were evaluated by western blotting. Cell apoptosis was evaluated using Annexin V/7-AAD staining by flow cytometry. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by the fluorescent probe 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA). Results Cell senescence detected by SA-β-gal activity was higher in the 12-hour hypoxia-induced group. TMT analysis of 12-hour hypoxia-induced cells identified over 6000 proteins, including 686 differentially expressed proteins. Based on biological pathway analysis, we found that the senescence-associated proteins were predominantly enriched in the cancer pathways, PI3K-Akt pathway, and cellular senescence signaling pathways. CDK1, CDK2, and CCND1 were important nodes in PPI analyses. Moreover, the CCND1, UQCRH, and COX7C expressions were verified by PRM. Hypoxia induction for 12 hours in hBMSCs reduced CCND1 expression but promoted ROS production and cell apoptosis. Such effects were markedly reduced by the PI3K agonist, 740 Y-P, and attenuated by LY294002. Conclusions Hypoxia of hBMSCs inhibited CCND1 expression but promoted ROS production and cell apoptosis through activating the PI3K-dependent signaling pathway. These findings provided a detailed characterization of the proteomic profiles related to hypoxia-induced senescence of hBMSCs and facilitated our understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to stem cell senescence.
Collapse
|
30
|
Pikatza-Menoio O, Elicegui A, Bengoetxea X, Naldaiz-Gastesi N, López de Munain A, Gerenu G, Gil-Bea FJ, Alonso-Martín S. The Skeletal Muscle Emerges as a New Disease Target in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. J Pers Med 2021; 11:671. [PMID: 34357138 PMCID: PMC8307751 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11070671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder that leads to progressive degeneration of motor neurons (MNs) and severe muscle atrophy without effective treatment. Most research on ALS has been focused on the study of MNs and supporting cells of the central nervous system. Strikingly, the recent observations of pathological changes in muscle occurring before disease onset and independent from MN degeneration have bolstered the interest for the study of muscle tissue as a potential target for delivery of therapies for ALS. Skeletal muscle has just been described as a tissue with an important secretory function that is toxic to MNs in the context of ALS. Moreover, a fine-tuning balance between biosynthetic and atrophic pathways is necessary to induce myogenesis for muscle tissue repair. Compromising this response due to primary metabolic abnormalities in the muscle could trigger defective muscle regeneration and neuromuscular junction restoration, with deleterious consequences for MNs and thereby hastening the development of ALS. However, it remains puzzling how backward signaling from the muscle could impinge on MN death. This review provides a comprehensive analysis on the current state-of-the-art of the role of the skeletal muscle in ALS, highlighting its contribution to the neurodegeneration in ALS through backward-signaling processes as a newly uncovered mechanism for a peripheral etiopathogenesis of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oihane Pikatza-Menoio
- Neuromuscular Diseases Group, Neurosciences Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain; (O.P.-M.); (A.E.); (X.B.); (N.N.-G.); (A.L.d.M.); (G.G.); (F.J.G.-B.)
- CIBERNED, Carlos III Institute, Spanish Ministry of Economy & Competitiveness, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amaia Elicegui
- Neuromuscular Diseases Group, Neurosciences Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain; (O.P.-M.); (A.E.); (X.B.); (N.N.-G.); (A.L.d.M.); (G.G.); (F.J.G.-B.)
- CIBERNED, Carlos III Institute, Spanish Ministry of Economy & Competitiveness, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xabier Bengoetxea
- Neuromuscular Diseases Group, Neurosciences Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain; (O.P.-M.); (A.E.); (X.B.); (N.N.-G.); (A.L.d.M.); (G.G.); (F.J.G.-B.)
| | - Neia Naldaiz-Gastesi
- Neuromuscular Diseases Group, Neurosciences Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain; (O.P.-M.); (A.E.); (X.B.); (N.N.-G.); (A.L.d.M.); (G.G.); (F.J.G.-B.)
- CIBERNED, Carlos III Institute, Spanish Ministry of Economy & Competitiveness, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adolfo López de Munain
- Neuromuscular Diseases Group, Neurosciences Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain; (O.P.-M.); (A.E.); (X.B.); (N.N.-G.); (A.L.d.M.); (G.G.); (F.J.G.-B.)
- CIBERNED, Carlos III Institute, Spanish Ministry of Economy & Competitiveness, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Donostialdea Integrated Health Organization, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country UPV-EHU, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Gorka Gerenu
- Neuromuscular Diseases Group, Neurosciences Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain; (O.P.-M.); (A.E.); (X.B.); (N.N.-G.); (A.L.d.M.); (G.G.); (F.J.G.-B.)
- CIBERNED, Carlos III Institute, Spanish Ministry of Economy & Competitiveness, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV-EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Gil-Bea
- Neuromuscular Diseases Group, Neurosciences Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain; (O.P.-M.); (A.E.); (X.B.); (N.N.-G.); (A.L.d.M.); (G.G.); (F.J.G.-B.)
- CIBERNED, Carlos III Institute, Spanish Ministry of Economy & Competitiveness, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Alonso-Martín
- Neuromuscular Diseases Group, Neurosciences Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain; (O.P.-M.); (A.E.); (X.B.); (N.N.-G.); (A.L.d.M.); (G.G.); (F.J.G.-B.)
- CIBERNED, Carlos III Institute, Spanish Ministry of Economy & Competitiveness, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Rey F, Marcuzzo S, Bonanno S, Bordoni M, Giallongo T, Malacarne C, Cereda C, Zuccotti GV, Carelli S. LncRNAs Associated with Neuronal Development and Oncogenesis Are Deregulated in SOD1-G93A Murine Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9070809. [PMID: 34356873 PMCID: PMC8301400 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease caused in 10% of cases by inherited mutations considered “familial”. An ever-increasing amount of evidence is showing a fundamental role for RNA metabolism in ALS pathogenesis, and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) appear to play a role in ALS development. Here, we aim to investigate the expression of a panel of lncRNAs (linc-Enc1, linc–Brn1a, linc–Brn1b, linc-p21, Hottip, Tug1, Eldrr, and Fendrr) which could be implicated in early phases of ALS. Via Real-Time PCR, we assessed their expression in a murine familial model of ALS (SOD1-G93A mouse) in brain and spinal cord areas of SOD1-G93A mice in comparison with that of B6.SJL control mice, in asymptomatic (week 8) and late-stage disease (week 18). We highlighted a specific area and pathogenetic-stage deregulation in each lncRNA, with linc-p21 being deregulated in all analyzed tissues. Moreover, we analyzed the expression of their human homologues in SH-SY5Y-SOD1-WT and SH-SY5Y-SOD1-G93A, observing a profound alteration in their expression. Interestingly, the lncRNAs expression in our ALS models often resulted opposite to that observed for the lncRNAs in cancer. These evidences suggest that lncRNAs could be novel disease-modifying agents, biomarkers, or pathways affected by ALS neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Rey
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Via Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy; (F.R.); (T.G.); (G.V.Z.)
- Paediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefania Marcuzzo
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (S.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Silvia Bonanno
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (S.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Matteo Bordoni
- Centro di Eccellenza Sulle Malattie Neurodegenerative, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Toniella Giallongo
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Via Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy; (F.R.); (T.G.); (G.V.Z.)
- Paediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Claudia Malacarne
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (S.B.); (C.M.)
- PhD Program in Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Cristina Cereda
- Genomic and Post-Genomic Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Via Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy; (F.R.); (T.G.); (G.V.Z.)
- Paediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital “V. Buzzi”, Via Lodovico Castelvetro 32, 20154 Milano, Italy
| | - Stephana Carelli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Via Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy; (F.R.); (T.G.); (G.V.Z.)
- Paediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-50319825
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sugita S, Tamura K, Yano M, Minegishi Y, Ota N. The Impact of Milk Fat Globule Membrane with Exercise on Age-Related Degeneration of Neuromuscular Junctions. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072310. [PMID: 34371820 PMCID: PMC8308682 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphological changes in neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), which are synapses formed between α-motor neurons and skeletal muscle fibers, are considered to be important in age-related motor dysfunction. We have previously shown that the intake of dietary milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) combined with exercise attenuates age-related NMJ alterations in the early phase of aging. However, it is unclear whether the effect of MFGM with exercise on age-related NMJ alterations persists into old age, and whether intervention from old age is still effective when age-related changes in NMJs have already occurred. In this study, 6- or 18-month-old mice were treated with a 1% MFGM diet and daily running wheel exercise until 23 or 24 months of age, respectively. MFGM treatment with exercise was effective in suppressing the progression of age-related NMJ alterations in old age, and even after age-related changes in NMJs had already occurred. Moreover, the effect of MFGM intake with exercise was not restricted to NMJs but extended to the structure and function of peripheral nerves. This study demonstrates that MFGM intake with exercise may be a novel approach for improving motor function in the elderly by suppressing age-related NMJ alterations.
Collapse
|
33
|
Kovács Z, Brunner B, Ari C. Beneficial Effects of Exogenous Ketogenic Supplements on Aging Processes and Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072197. [PMID: 34206738 PMCID: PMC8308443 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Life expectancy of humans has increased continuously up to the present days, but their health status (healthspan) was not enhanced by similar extent. To decrease enormous medical, economical and psychological burden that arise from this discrepancy, improvement of healthspan is needed that leads to delaying both aging processes and development of age-related diseases, thereby extending lifespan. Thus, development of new therapeutic tools to alleviate aging processes and related diseases and to increase life expectancy is a topic of increasing interest. It is widely accepted that ketosis (increased blood ketone body levels, e.g., β-hydroxybutyrate) can generate neuroprotective effects. Ketosis-evoked neuroprotective effects may lead to improvement in health status and delay both aging and the development of related diseases through improving mitochondrial function, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, histone and non-histone acetylation, β-hydroxybutyrylation of histones, modulation of neurotransmitter systems and RNA functions. Administration of exogenous ketogenic supplements was proven to be an effective method to induce and maintain a healthy state of nutritional ketosis. Consequently, exogenous ketogenic supplements, such as ketone salts and ketone esters, may mitigate aging processes, delay the onset of age-associated diseases and extend lifespan through ketosis. The aim of this review is to summarize the main hallmarks of aging processes and certain signaling pathways in association with (putative) beneficial influences of exogenous ketogenic supplements-evoked ketosis on lifespan, aging processes, the most common age-related neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), as well as impaired learning and memory functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Kovács
- Department of Biology, Savaria University Centre, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Károlyi Gáspár tér 4., 9700 Szombathely, Hungary; (Z.K.); (B.B.)
| | - Brigitta Brunner
- Department of Biology, Savaria University Centre, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Károlyi Gáspár tér 4., 9700 Szombathely, Hungary; (Z.K.); (B.B.)
- Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság Str. 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Csilla Ari
- Behavioral Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, PCD 3127, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
- Ketone Technologies LLC, 2780 E. Fowler Ave. #226, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(813)-2409925
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Péladeau C, Sandhu JK. Aberrant NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Ignites the Fire of Inflammation in Neuromuscular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116068. [PMID: 34199845 PMCID: PMC8200055 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are molecular hubs that are assembled and activated by a host in response to various microbial and non-microbial stimuli and play a pivotal role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. The NLRP3 is a highly promiscuous inflammasome that is activated by a wide variety of sterile triggers, including misfolded protein aggregates, and drives chronic inflammation via caspase-1-mediated proteolytic cleavage and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1β and interleukin-18. These cytokines further amplify inflammatory responses by activating various signaling cascades, leading to the recruitment of immune cells and overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, resulting in a vicious cycle of chronic inflammation and tissue damage. Neuromuscular diseases are a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders that involve injury or dysfunction of peripheral nerves, neuromuscular junctions and muscles. A growing body of evidence suggests that dysregulation, impairment or aberrant NLRP3 inflammasome signaling leads to the initiation and exacerbation of pathological processes associated with neuromuscular diseases. In this review, we summarize the available knowledge about the NLRP3 inflammasome in neuromuscular diseases that affect the peripheral nervous system and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, which affects the central nervous system. In addition, we also examine whether therapeutic targeting of the NLRP3 inflammasome components is a viable approach to alleviating the detrimental phenotype of neuromuscular diseases and improving clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Péladeau
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada;
| | - Jagdeep K. Sandhu
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada;
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-613-993-5304
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Region-specific vulnerability in neurodegeneration: lessons from normal ageing. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 67:101311. [PMID: 33639280 PMCID: PMC8024744 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Why neurodegenerative disease pathology is regionally restricted remains elusive. Regions selectively prone to neurodegeneration are also vulnerable to normal ageing. Nervous system tissue, cellular and molecular ageing may determine regional vulnerability. Differential ageing can conceptually extend from an individual to subcellular scale. An understanding of region-specific vulnerability might guide therapeutic advances.
A number of age-associated neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), possess a shared characteristic of region-specific neurodegeneration. However, the mechanisms which determine why particular regions within the nervous system are selectively vulnerable to neurodegeneration, whilst others remain relatively unaffected throughout disease progression, remain elusive. Here, we review how regional susceptibility to the ubiquitous physiological phenomenon of normal ageing might underlie the vulnerability of these same regions to neurodegeneration, highlighting three regions archetypally associated with AD, PD and ALS (the hippocampus, substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral spinal cord, respectively), as especially prone to age-related alterations. Placing particular emphasis on these three regions, we comprehensively explore differential regional susceptibility to nervous system tissue, cellular and molecular level ageing to provide an integrated perspective on why age-related neurodegenerative diseases exhibit region-selective vulnerability. Combining these principles with increasingly recognised differences between chronological and biological ageing (termed differential or ‘delta’ ageing) might ultimately guide therapeutic approaches for these devastating neurodegenerative diseases, for which a paucity of disease modifying and/or life promoting treatments currently exist.
Collapse
|
36
|
A Non-Toxic Concentration of Telomerase Inhibitor BIBR1532 Fails to Reduce TERT Expression in a Feeder-Free Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Model of Human Motor Neurogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063256. [PMID: 33806803 PMCID: PMC8005146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown that human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derivatives are essentially fetal in terms of their maturational status. Inducing ageing in iPSC-motor neuron (MN) models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has the potential to capture pathology with higher fidelity and consequently improve translational success. We show here that the telomerase inhibitor BIBR1532, hypothesised to recapitulate the telomere attrition hallmark of ageing in iPSC-MNs, was in fact cytotoxic to feeder-free iPSCs when used at doses previously shown to be effective in iPSCs grown on a layer of mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Toxicity in feeder-free cultures was not rescued by co-treatment with Rho Kinase (ROCK) inhibitor (Y-27632). Moreover, the highest concentration of BIBR1532 compatible with continued iPSC culture proved insufficient to induce detectable telomerase inhibition. Our data suggest that direct toxicity by BIBR1532 is the most likely cause of iPSC death observed, and that culture methods may influence enhanced toxicity. Therefore, recapitulation of ageing hallmarks in iPSC-MNs, which might reveal novel and relevant human disease targets in ALS, is not achievable in feeder-free culture through the use of this small molecule telomerase inhibitor.
Collapse
|
37
|
Ferraro PM, Cabona C, Meo G, Rolla-Bigliani C, Castellan L, Pardini M, Inglese M, Caponnetto C, Roccatagliata L. Age at symptom onset influences cortical thinning distribution and survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neuroradiology 2021; 63:1481-1487. [PMID: 33660067 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-021-02681-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The lifetime risk of developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) increases in the elderly, and greater age at symptom onset has been identified as a negative prognostic factor in the disease. However, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms are still poorly investigated. We hypothesized that older age at symptom onset would have been associated with greater extra-motor cortical damage contributing to worse prognosis, so we explored the relationship between age at symptom onset, cortical thinning (CT) distribution, and clinical markers of disease progression. METHODS We included 26 ALS patients and 29 healthy controls with T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). FreeSurfer 6.0 was used to identify regions of cortical atrophy (CA) in ALS, and to relate age at symptom onset to CT distribution. Linear regression analyses were then used to investigate whether MRI metrics of age-related damage were predictive of clinical progression. MRI results were corrected using the Monte Carlo simulation method, and regression analyses were further corrected for disease duration. RESULTS ALS patients exhibited significant CA mainly encompassing motor regions, but also involving the cuneus bilaterally and the right superior parietal cortex (p < 0.05). Older age at symptom onset was selectively associated with greater extra-motor (frontotemporal) CT, including pars opercularis bilaterally, left middle temporal, and parahippocampal cortices (p < 0.05), and CT of these regions was predictive of shorter survival (p = 0.004, p = 0.03). CONCLUSION More severe frontotemporal CT contributes to shorter survival in older ALS patients. These findings have the potential to unravel the neurobiological mechanisms linking older age at symptom onset to worse prognosis in ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pilar M Ferraro
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Corrado Cabona
- Department of Neurophysiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Meo
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Lucio Castellan
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Pardini
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matilde Inglese
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudia Caponnetto
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Roccatagliata
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Clarke BE, Patani R. The microglial component of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain 2021; 143:3526-3539. [PMID: 33427296 PMCID: PMC7805793 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are the primary immune cells of the CNS, carrying out key homeostatic roles and undergoing context-dependent and temporally regulated changes in response to injury and neurodegenerative diseases. Microglia have been implicated in playing a role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by extensive motor neuron loss leading to paralysis and premature death. However, as the pathomechansims of ALS are increasingly recognized to involve a multitude of different cell types, it has been difficult to delineate the specific contribution of microglia to disease. Here, we review the literature of microglial involvement in ALS and discuss the evidence for the neurotoxic and neuroprotective pathways that have been attributed to microglia in this disease. We also discuss accumulating evidence for spatiotemporal regulation of microglial activation in this context. A deeper understanding of the role of microglia in the ‘cellular phase’ of ALS is crucial in the development of mechanistically rationalized therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E Clarke
- Department of Neuromuscular disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK.,The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, UK
| | - Rickie Patani
- Department of Neuromuscular disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK.,The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Spijkers XM, Pasteuning-Vuhman S, Dorleijn JC, Vulto P, Wevers NR, Pasterkamp RJ. A directional 3D neurite outgrowth model for studying motor axon biology and disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2080. [PMID: 33483540 PMCID: PMC7822896 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81335-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a method to generate a 3D motor neuron model with segregated and directed axonal outgrowth. iPSC-derived motor neurons are cultured in extracellular matrix gel in a microfluidic platform. Neurons extend their axons into an adjacent layer of gel, whereas dendrites and soma remain predominantly in the somal compartment, as verified by immunofluorescent staining. Axonal outgrowth could be precisely quantified and was shown to respond to the chemotherapeutic drug vincristine in a highly reproducible dose-dependent manner. The model was shown susceptible to excitotoxicity upon exposure with excess glutamate and showed formation of stress granules upon excess glutamate or sodium arsenite exposure, mimicking processes common in motor neuron diseases. Importantly, outgrowing axons could be attracted and repelled through a gradient of axonal guidance cues, such as semaphorins. The platform comprises 40 chips arranged underneath a microtiter plate providing both throughput and compatibility to standard laboratory equipment. The model will thus prove ideal for studying axonal biology and disease, drug discovery and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xandor M. Spijkers
- grid.474144.6MIMETAS BV, Organ-On-a-Chip Company, 2333 CH Leiden, The Netherlands ,grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Svetlana Pasteuning-Vuhman
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifa C. Dorleijn
- grid.474144.6MIMETAS BV, Organ-On-a-Chip Company, 2333 CH Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Vulto
- grid.474144.6MIMETAS BV, Organ-On-a-Chip Company, 2333 CH Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke R. Wevers
- grid.474144.6MIMETAS BV, Organ-On-a-Chip Company, 2333 CH Leiden, The Netherlands ,grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R. Jeroen Pasterkamp
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
de Jongh R, Spijkers XM, Pasteuning-Vuhman S, Vulto P, Pasterkamp RJ. Neuromuscular junction-on-a-chip: ALS disease modeling and read-out development in microfluidic devices. J Neurochem 2021; 157:393-412. [PMID: 33382092 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal and progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting upper and lower motor neurons with no cure available. Clinical and animal studies reveal that the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), a synaptic connection between motor neurons and skeletal muscle fibers, is highly vulnerable in ALS and suggest that NMJ defects may occur at the early stages of the disease. However, mechanistic insight into how NMJ dysfunction relates to the onset and progression of ALS is incomplete, which hampers therapy development. This is, in part, caused by a lack of robust in vitro models. The ability to combine microfluidic and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technologies has opened up new avenues for studying molecular and cellular ALS phenotypes in vitro. Microfluidic devices offer several advantages over traditional culture approaches when modeling the NMJ, such as the spatial separation of different cell types and increased control over the cellular microenvironment. Moreover, they are compatible with 3D cell culture, which enhances NMJ functionality and maturity. Here, we review how microfluidic technology is currently being employed to develop more reliable in vitro NMJ models. To validate and phenotype such models, various morphological and functional read-outs have been developed. We describe and discuss the relevance of these read-outs and specifically illustrate how these read-outs have enhanced our understanding of NMJ pathology in ALS. Finally, we share our view on potential future directions and challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rianne de Jongh
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Xandor M Spijkers
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Mimetas B.V., Organ-on-a-chip Company, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Svetlana Pasteuning-Vuhman
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Vulto
- Mimetas B.V., Organ-on-a-chip Company, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R Jeroen Pasterkamp
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Stress-Specific Spatiotemporal Responses of RNA-Binding Proteins in Human Stem-Cell-Derived Motor Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218346. [PMID: 33172210 PMCID: PMC7664327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have been shown to play a key role in the pathogenesis of a variety of neurodegenerative disorders. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an exemplar neurodegenerative disease characterised by rapid progression and relatively selective motor neuron loss. Nuclear-to-cytoplasmic mislocalisation and accumulation of RBPs have been identified as a pathological hallmark of the disease, yet the spatiotemporal responses of RBPs to different extrinsic stressors in human neurons remain incompletely understood. Here, we used healthy induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons to model how different types of cellular stress affect the nucleocytoplasmic localisation of key ALS-linked RBPs. We found that osmotic stress robustly induced nuclear loss of TDP-43, SPFQ, FUS, hnRNPA1 and hnRNPK, with characteristic changes in nucleocytoplasmic localisation in an RBP-dependent manner. Interestingly, we found that RBPs displayed stress-dependent characteristics, with unique responses to both heat and oxidative stress. Alongside nucleocytoplasmic protein distribution changes, we identified the formation of stress- and RBP-specific nuclear and cytoplasmic foci. Furthermore, the kinetics of nuclear relocalisation upon recovery from extrinsic stressors was also found to be both stress- and RBP-specific. Importantly, these experiments specifically highlight TDP-43 and FUS, two of the most recognised RBPs in ALS pathogenesis, as exhibiting delayed nuclear relocalisation following stress in healthy human motor neurons as compared to SFPQ, hnRNPA1 and hnRNPK. Notably, ALS-causing valosin containing protein (VCP) mutations did not disrupt the relocalisation dynamics of TDP-43 or FUS in human motor neurons following stress. An increased duration of TDP-43 and FUS within the cytoplasm after stress may render the environment more aggregation-prone, which may be poorly tolerated in the context of ALS and related neurodegenerative disorders. In summary, our study addresses stress-specific spatiotemporal responses of neurodegeneration-related RBPs in human motor neurons. The insights into the nucleocytoplasmic dynamics of RBPs provided here may be informative for future studies examining both disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
|
42
|
Wang Y, Patani R. Novel therapeutic targets for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: ribonucleoproteins and cellular autonomy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:971-984. [PMID: 32746659 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1805734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating disease with a lifetime risk of approximately 1:400. It is incurable and invariably fatal. Average survival is between 3 and 5 years and patients become increasingly paralyzed, losing the ability to speak, eat, and breathe. Therapies in development either (i) target specific familial forms of ALS (comprising a minority of around 10% of cases) or ii) emanate from (over)reliance on animal models or non-human/non-neuronal cell models. There is a desperate and unmet clinical need for effective treatments. Deciphering the primacy and relative contributions of defective protein homeostasis and RNA metabolism in ALS across different model systems will facilitate the identification of putative therapeutic targets. AREAS COVERED This review examines the putative common primary molecular events that lead to ALS pathogenesis. We focus on deregulated RNA metabolism, protein mislocalization/pathological aggregation and the role of glia in ALS-related motor neuron degeneration. Finally, we describe promising targets for therapeutic evaluation. EXPERT OPINION Moving forward, an effective strategy could be achieved by a poly-therapeutic approach which targets both deregulated RNA metabolism and protein dyshomeostasis in the relevant cell types, at the appropriate phase of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Wang
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London , London, UK.,Human Stem Cells and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute , London, UK
| | - Rickie Patani
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London , London, UK.,Human Stem Cells and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute , London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Mészáros Á, Molnár K, Nógrádi B, Hernádi Z, Nyúl-Tóth Á, Wilhelm I, Krizbai IA. Neurovascular Inflammaging in Health and Disease. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071614. [PMID: 32635451 PMCID: PMC7407516 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a chronic low-grade sterile inflammation dubbed as inflammaging, which in part originates from accumulating cellular debris. These, acting as danger signals with many intrinsic factors such as cytokines, are sensed by a network of pattern recognition receptors and other cognate receptors, leading to the activation of inflammasomes. Due to the inflammasome activity-dependent increase in the levels of pro-inflammatory interleukins (IL-1β, IL-18), inflammation is initiated, resulting in tissue injury in various organs, the brain and the spinal cord included. Similarly, in age-related diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), inflammasome activation is a prominent moment, in which cells of the neurovascular unit occupy a significant position. In this review, we discuss the inflammatory changes in normal aging and summarize the current knowledge on the role of inflammasomes and contributing mechanisms in common CNS diseases, namely Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and stroke, all of which occur more frequently with aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Mészáros
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.M.); (K.M.); (B.N.); (Z.H.); (Á.N.-T.); (I.W.)
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kinga Molnár
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.M.); (K.M.); (B.N.); (Z.H.); (Á.N.-T.); (I.W.)
- Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bernát Nógrádi
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.M.); (K.M.); (B.N.); (Z.H.); (Á.N.-T.); (I.W.)
- Foundation for the Future of Biomedical Sciences in Szeged, Szeged Scientists Academy, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Hernádi
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.M.); (K.M.); (B.N.); (Z.H.); (Á.N.-T.); (I.W.)
- Foundation for the Future of Biomedical Sciences in Szeged, Szeged Scientists Academy, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ádám Nyúl-Tóth
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.M.); (K.M.); (B.N.); (Z.H.); (Á.N.-T.); (I.W.)
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Oklahoma Center for Geroscience, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Imola Wilhelm
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.M.); (K.M.); (B.N.); (Z.H.); (Á.N.-T.); (I.W.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - István A. Krizbai
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.M.); (K.M.); (B.N.); (Z.H.); (Á.N.-T.); (I.W.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-62-599-794
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kuraszkiewicz B, Goszczyńska H, Podsiadły-Marczykowska T, Piotrkiewicz M, Andersen P, Gromicho M, Grosskreutz J, Kuźma-Kozakiewicz M, Petri S, Stubbendorf B, Szacka K, Uysal H, de Carvalho M. Potential Preventive Strategies for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:428. [PMID: 32528241 PMCID: PMC7264408 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It may seem useless to propose preventive measures for a disease without established pathogenesis and successful therapy, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, we will show that ALS shares essential molecular mechanisms with aging and that established anti-aging strategies, such as healthy diet or individually adjusted exercise, may be successfully applied to ameliorate the condition of ALS patients. These strategies might be applied for prevention if persons at ALS risk could be identified early enough. Recent research advances indicate that this may happen soon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Kuraszkiewicz
- Department of Methods of Brain Imaging and Functional Research of Nervous System, Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - H Goszczyńska
- Department of Methods of Brain Imaging and Functional Research of Nervous System, Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Podsiadły-Marczykowska
- Department of Methods of Brain Imaging and Functional Research of Nervous System, Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Piotrkiewicz
- Department of Methods of Brain Imaging and Functional Research of Nervous System, Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - P Andersen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - M Gromicho
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J Grosskreutz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany.,Jena Centre for Healthy Aging, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - S Petri
- Clinic for Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - B Stubbendorf
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - K Szacka
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - H Uysal
- Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - M de Carvalho
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|