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Boreiko CJ. Modeling of local and systemic exposure to metals and metalloids after inhalation exposure: Recommended update to the USEPA metals framework. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2024; 20:952-964. [PMID: 38084064 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The USEPA issued the "Framework for Metal Risk Assessment" in 2007, recognizing that human and environmental exposure to metals and metalloids (MMEs) poses challenges risk assessment. Inhalation of aerosols containing MMEs is a primary pathway for exposure in the occupational setting, for consumer exposure, and to general population exposure associated with point-source emissions or ambient sources. The impacts of inhalation can be at the point of deposition (local exposure) or may manifest after uptake into the body (systemic exposure). Both local and systemic exposure can vary with factors that determine the regional deposition of MME-containing aerosols. Aerosol characteristics such as particle size combine with species-specific characteristics of airway morphology and lung function to modulate the deposition and clearance of MME particulates. In contrast to oral exposure, often monitored by measuring MME levels in blood or urine, inhalation exposure can produce local pulmonary impacts in the absence of significant systemic distribution. Exposure assessment for nutritionally essential MMEs can be further complicated by homeostatic controls that regulate systemic MME levels. Predictions of local exposure can be facilitated by computer models that estimate regional patterns of aerosol deposition, permitting calculation of exposure intensity in different regions of the respiratory tract. The utility of deposition modeling has been demonstrated in assessments of nutritionally essential MMEs regulated by homeostatic controls and in the comparison of results from inhalation studies in experimental animals. This facilitates extrapolation from animal data to humans and comparisons of exposures possessing mechanistic linkages to pulmonary toxicity and carcinogenesis. Pulmonary deposition models have significantly advanced and have been applied by USEPA in evaluations of particulate matter. However, regional deposition modeling has yet to be incorporated into the general guidance offered by the agency for evaluating inhalation exposure. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:952-964. © 2023 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
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Wang Z, Liu Z, Wang PS, Lin HP, Rea M, Kondo K, Yang C. Epigenetic downregulation of O 6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase contributes to chronic hexavalent chromium exposure-caused genotoxic effect and cell transformation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122978. [PMID: 37995958 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a common environmental pollutant and chronic exposure to Cr(VI) causes lung cancer and other types of cancer in humans, although the mechanism of Cr(VI) carcinogenesis remains elusive. Cr(VI) has been considered as a genotoxic carcinogen, but accumulating evidence indicates that Cr(VI) also causes various epigenetic toxic effects that play important roles in Cr(VI) carcinogenesis. However, it is not clear how Cr(VI)-caused epigenetic dysregulations contributes to Cr(VI) carcinogenesis. This study investigates whether Cr(VI) epigenetic toxic effect has an impact on its genotoxic effect. It was found that chronic low dose of Cr(VI) exposure time-dependently down-regulates the expression of a critical DNA damage repair protein O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), leading to the increases of the levels of the highly mutagenic and carcinogenic DNA lesion O6-methylguanine (O6-MeG) in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. Moreover, the levels of MGMT and O6-MeG in chronic Cr(VI) exposure-caused human lung cancer tissues are also significantly lower and higher than that in the adjacent normal lung tissues, respectively. It was further determined that chronic low dose of Cr(VI) exposure-transformed BEAS-2B cells display impaired DNA damage repair capacity and a high sensitivity to the toxicity of the alkylating chemotherapeutic drug Temozolomide. In contrast, stably overexpressing MGMT in parental BEAS-2B cells reverses chronic low dose of Cr(VI) exposure-caused DNA damage repair deficiency and significantly reduces cell transformation by Cr(VI). Further mechanistical studies revealed that chronic low dose of Cr(VI) exposure down-regulates MGMT expression through epigenetic mechanisms by increasing DNA methylation and histone H3 repressive modifications. Taken together, these findings suggest that epigenetic down-regulation of a crucial DNA damage repair protein MGMT contributes significantly to the genotoxic effect and cell transformation caused by chronic low dose of Cr(VI) exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishan Wang
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
| | - Zulong Liu
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Po-Shun Wang
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Hsuan-Pei Lin
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Matthew Rea
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Kazuya Kondo
- Department of Oncological Medical Services, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima City 770-8509, Japan
| | - Chengfeng Yang
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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Gaspar AD, Cuddapah S. Nickel-induced alterations to chromatin structure and function. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 457:116317. [PMID: 36400264 PMCID: PMC9722551 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nickel (Ni), a heavy metal is prevalent in the atmosphere due to both natural and anthropogenic activities. Ni is a carcinogen implicated in the development of lung and nasal cancers in humans. Furthermore, Ni exposure is associated with a number of chronic lung diseases in humans including asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary edema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While Ni compounds are weak mutagens, a number of studies have demonstrated the potential of Ni to alter the epigenome, suggesting epigenomic dysregulation as an important underlying cause for its pathogenicity. In the eukaryotic nucleus, the DNA is organized in a three-dimensional (3D) space through assembly of higher order chromatin structures. Such an organization is critically important for transcription and other biological activities. Accumulating evidence suggests that by negatively affecting various cellular regulatory processes, Ni could potentially affect chromatin organization. In this review, we discuss the role of Ni in altering the chromatin architecture, which potentially plays a major role in Ni pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Domnic Gaspar
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Suresh Cuddapah
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA.
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BET protein inhibition sensitizes glioblastoma cells to temozolomide treatment by attenuating MGMT expression. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:1037. [PMID: 36513631 PMCID: PMC9747918 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05497-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bromodomain and extra-terminal tail (BET) proteins have been identified as potential epigenetic targets in cancer, including glioblastoma. These epigenetic modifiers link the histone code to gene transcription that can be disrupted with small molecule BET inhibitors (BETi). With the aim of developing rational combination treatments for glioblastoma, we analyzed BETi-induced differential gene expression in glioblastoma derived-spheres, and identified 6 distinct response patterns. To uncover emerging actionable vulnerabilities that can be targeted with a second drug, we extracted the 169 significantly disturbed DNA Damage Response genes and inspected their response pattern. The most prominent candidate with consistent downregulation, was the O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene, a known resistance factor for alkylating agent therapy in glioblastoma. BETi not only reduced MGMT expression in GBM cells, but also inhibited its induction, typically observed upon temozolomide treatment. To determine the potential clinical relevance, we evaluated the specificity of the effect on MGMT expression and MGMT mediated treatment resistance to temozolomide. BETi-mediated attenuation of MGMT expression was associated with reduction of BRD4- and Pol II-binding at the MGMT promoter. On the functional level, we demonstrated that ectopic expression of MGMT under an unrelated promoter was not affected by BETi, while under the same conditions, pharmacologic inhibition of MGMT restored the sensitivity to temozolomide, reflected in an increased level of γ-H2AX, a proxy for DNA double-strand breaks. Importantly, expression of MSH6 and MSH2, which are required for sensitivity to unrepaired O6-methylguanine-lesions, was only briefly affected by BETi. Taken together, the addition of BET-inhibitors to the current standard of care, comprising temozolomide treatment, may sensitize the 50% of patients whose glioblastoma exert an unmethylated MGMT promoter.
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Zhao L, Islam R, Wang Y, Zhang X, Liu LZ. Epigenetic Regulation in Chromium-, Nickel- and Cadmium-Induced Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235768. [PMID: 36497250 PMCID: PMC9737485 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental and occupational exposure to heavy metals, such as hexavalent chromium, nickel, and cadmium, are major health concerns worldwide. Some heavy metals are well-documented human carcinogens. Multiple mechanisms, including DNA damage, dysregulated gene expression, and aberrant cancer-related signaling, have been shown to contribute to metal-induced carcinogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms accounting for heavy metal-induced carcinogenesis and angiogenesis are still not fully understood. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have indicated that in addition to genotoxicity and genetic mutations, epigenetic mechanisms play critical roles in metal-induced cancers. Epigenetics refers to the reversible modification of genomes without changing DNA sequences; epigenetic modifications generally involve DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNAs. Epigenetic regulation is essential for maintaining normal gene expression patterns; the disruption of epigenetic modifications may lead to altered cellular function and even malignant transformation. Therefore, aberrant epigenetic modifications are widely involved in metal-induced cancer formation, development, and angiogenesis. Notably, the role of epigenetic mechanisms in heavy metal-induced carcinogenesis and angiogenesis remains largely unknown, and further studies are urgently required. In this review, we highlight the current advances in understanding the roles of epigenetic mechanisms in heavy metal-induced carcinogenesis, cancer progression, and angiogenesis.
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Kumari S, Sharma S, Advani D, Khosla A, Kumar P, Ambasta RK. Unboxing the molecular modalities of mutagens in cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:62111-62159. [PMID: 34611806 PMCID: PMC8492102 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16726-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of the majority of human cancers is associated with a myriad of environmental causes, including physical, chemical, and biological factors. DNA damage induced by such mutagens is the initial step in the process of carcinogenesis resulting in the accumulation of mutations. Mutational events are considered the major triggers for introducing genetic and epigenetic insults such as DNA crosslinks, single- and double-strand DNA breaks, formation of DNA adducts, mismatched bases, modification in histones, DNA methylation, and microRNA alterations. However, DNA repair mechanisms are devoted to protect the DNA to ensure genetic stability, any aberrations in these calibrated mechanisms provoke cancer occurrence. Comprehensive knowledge of the type of mutagens and carcinogens and the influence of these agents in DNA damage and cancer induction is crucial to develop rational anticancer strategies. This review delineated the molecular mechanism of DNA damage and the repair pathways to provide a deep understanding of the molecular basis of mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. A relationship between DNA adduct formation and cancer incidence has also been summarized. The mechanistic basis of inflammatory response and oxidative damage triggered by mutagens in tumorigenesis has also been highlighted. We elucidated the interesting interplay between DNA damage response and immune system mechanisms. We addressed the current understanding of DNA repair targeted therapies and DNA damaging chemotherapeutic agents for cancer treatment and discussed how antiviral agents, anti-inflammatory drugs, and immunotherapeutic agents combined with traditional approaches lay the foundations for future cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Kumari
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Sudhanshu Sharma
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Dia Advani
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Akanksha Khosla
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India.
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Madhu NR, Sarkar B, Slama P, Jha NK, Ghorai SK, Jana SK, Govindasamy K, Massanyi P, Lukac N, Kumar D, Kalita JC, Kesari KK, Roychoudhury S. Effect of Environmental Stressors, Xenobiotics, and Oxidative Stress on Male Reproductive and Sexual Health. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1391:33-58. [PMID: 36472815 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12966-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This article examines the environmental factor-induced oxidative stress (OS) and their effects on male reproductive and sexual health. There are several factors that induce OS, i.e. radition, metal contamination, xenobiotic compounds, and cigarette smoke and lead to cause toxicity in the cells through metabolic or bioenergetic processes. These environmental factors may produce free radicals and enhance the reactive oxygen species (ROS). Free radicals are molecules that include oxygen and disbalance the amount of electrons that can create major chemical chains in the body and cause oxidation. Oxidative damage to cells may impair male fertility and lead to abnormal embryonic development. Moreover, it does not only cause a vast number of health issues such as ageing, cancer, atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and neurodegenerative disorders but also decreases the motility of spermatozoa while increasing sperm DNA damage, impairing sperm mitochondrial membrane lipids and protein kinases. This chapter mainly focuses on the environmental stressors with further discussion on the mechanisms causing congenital impairments due to poor sexual health and transmitting altered signal transduction pathways in male gonadal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithar Ranjan Madhu
- Department of Zoology, Acharya Prafulla Chandra College, New Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Bhanumati Sarkar
- Department of Botany, Acharya Prafulla Chandra College, New Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Petr Slama
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | | | - Sandip Kumar Jana
- Department of Zoology, Bajkul Milani Mahavidyalaya, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India
| | - Kadirvel Govindasamy
- Animal Production Division, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Umiam, Meghalaya, India
| | - Peter Massanyi
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Norbert Lukac
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- School of Health Sciences & Technology, UPES University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jogen C Kalita
- Department of Zoology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India
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Zhou W, Xu S, Chen X, Wang C. HOTAIR suppresses PTEN via DNMT3b and confers drug resistance in acute myeloid leukemia. Hematology 2021; 26:170-178. [PMID: 33538241 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2021.1880733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HOTAIR has been well reported to be involved in the drug resistance of many diseases. This study aims to explore the possible implication of HOTAIR in doxorubicin (ADM) resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). METHODS Expressions of HOTAIR and PTEN in bone marrows of patient with newly diagnosed AML and relapsed/refractory AML and of healthy controls were determined by RT-qPCR. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated after AML-ADM-sensitive cells HL60 and AML-ADM-resistant cells HL60/ADM cells were treated by ADM. The IC50 of HL60/ADM to ADM dosage was determined by CCK-8. After cells were transfected with Sh-HOTAIR, pcDNA3.1-HOTAIR or pcDNA3.1-PTEN, cell biology of HL60/ADM cells was detected by flow cytometry, clone formation assay. The methylation of PTEN was determined by Methylmion-specific PCR and Bisulfite Genomic Sequence. RESULTS Patient with relapsed/refractory AML had the highest HOTAIR and the lowest PTEN expression, followed by that in newly diagnosed AML patients and then healthy controls. After ADM treatment, cell viability and IC50 were enhanced in HL60/ADM cell when compared with HL60 cells. Up-regulated HOTAIR and down-regulated PTEN were found in HL60/ADM cells. Cell transfection with sh-HOTAIR or pcDNA3.1-PTEN leads to increased ADM sensitivity, apoptosis rate as well as decreased IC50 and cell clones, while those expression patterns can be reversed by co-transfection of pcDNA3.1-PTEN and pcDNA3.1-HOTAIR. Methylation was observed in the promoter of PTEN. HOTAIR can positively regulate DNMT3b. CONCLUSION HOTAIR suppresses PTEN through up-regulating DNMT3b-dependent way and confers ADM resistance in AML.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Bone Marrow/metabolism
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- Bone Marrow Cells
- Cell Line, Tumor
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Male
- Middle Aged
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/genetics
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- Recurrence
- Young Adult
- DNA Methyltransferase 3B
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shilin Xu
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Caixia Wang
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Lee HW, Jose CC, Cuddapah S. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition: Insights into nickel-induced lung diseases. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 76:99-109. [PMID: 34058338 PMCID: PMC8627926 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nickel compounds are environmental toxicants, prevalent in the atmosphere due to their widespread use in several industrial processes, extensive consumption of nickel containing products, as well as burning of fossil fuels. Exposure to nickel is associated with a multitude of chronic inflammatory lung diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, nickel exposure is implicated in the development of nasal and lung cancers. Interestingly, a common pathogenic mechanism underlying the development of diseases associated with nickel exposure is epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is a process by which the epithelial cells lose their junctions and polarity and acquire mesenchymal traits, including increased ability to migrate and invade. EMT is a normal and essential physiological process involved in differentiation, development and wound healing. However, EMT also contributes to a number of pathological conditions, including fibrosis, cancer and metastasis. Growing evidence suggest that EMT induction could be an important outcome of nickel exposure. In this review, we discuss the role of EMT in nickel-induced lung diseases and the mechanisms associated with EMT induction by nickel exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Wook Lee
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Cynthia C Jose
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Suresh Cuddapah
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10010, USA.
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Guo Y, Li C, Zhang R, Zhan Y, Yu J, Tu J, Zheng J. Epigenetically-regulated serum GAS5 as a potential biomarker for patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Cancer Biomark 2021; 32:137-146. [PMID: 34092613 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-203169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA-growth arrest specific transcript 5 (lncRNA-GAS5) plays a suppressive role in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). LncRNAs could circulate in the blood in a cell-free form and serve as promising biomarkers for various human diseases. Herein, we investigated the feasibility of using serum GAS5 as a biomarker for liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and whether promoter methylation was responsible for GAS5 down-regulation. METHODS Serum GAS5 levels were quantified using quantitative real-time PCR in CHB patients and healthy controls. GAS5 promoter methylation was examined in LX-2 cells and cirrhotic tissues. RESULTS Compared with the sera from healthy controls, lower GAS5 levels were found in the sera from CHB patients. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that serum GAS5 had a significant diagnostic value for liver fibrosis in CHB patients. Serum GAS5 negatively correlated with HAI scores as well as ALT values in CHB patients. GAS5 was additionally reduced in cirrhotic tissues, associated with its hypermethylation promoter. In LX-2 cells, transforming growth factor-β1 treatment led to a reduction in GAS5 expression and an increase in promoter methylation. Hypermethylation of GAS5 was blocked down by DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor and restored GAS5 inhibited HSC activation including proliferation and collagen production. Further studies confirmed that GAS5 methylation was mediated by DNMT1. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that epigenetically-regulated serum GAS5 could serve as a potential biomarker in CHB patients. Loss of GAS5 is associated with DNMT1-mediated promoter methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Guo
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunxue Li
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yating Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinglu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinfu Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianjian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Cheng C, Wu Y, Xiao T, Xue J, Sun J, Xia H, Ma H, Lu L, Li J, Shi A, Bian T, Liu Q. METTL3-mediated m 6A modification of ZBTB4 mRNA is involved in the smoking-induced EMT in cancer of the lung. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 23:487-500. [PMID: 33510938 PMCID: PMC7806951 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an epigenetic modification associated with various tumors, but its role in tumorigenesis remains unexplored. Here, as confirmed by methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (meRIP-seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses, exposure of human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) caused an m6A modification in the 3' UTR of ZBTB4, a transcriptional repressor. For these cells, CSE also elevated methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) levels, which increased the m6A modification of ZBTB4. RIP-qPCR illustrated that ZBTB4 was the intent gene of YTHDF2 and that levels of ZBTB4 were decreased in an YTHDF2-dependent mechanism. The lower levels of ZBTB4 were associated with upregulation of EZH2, which enhanced H3K27me3 combining with E-cadherin promoter, causing lower E-cadherin levels and induction of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Further, in the lungs of mice, downregulation of METTL3 alleviated the cigarette smoke (CS)-induced EMT. Further, the expression of METTL3 was high in the lung tissues of smokers and inversely correlated with ZBTB4. Overall, our results show that the METTL3-mediated m6A modification of ZBTB4 via EZH2 is involved in the CS-induced EMT and in lung cancer. These results indicate that m6A modifications are a potential therapeutic target of lung damage induced by CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Xiao
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junchao Xue
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Sun
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haibo Xia
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huimin Ma
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Lu
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junjie Li
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aimin Shi
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Bian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qizhan Liu
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Mustonen V, Muruganandam G, Loris R, Kursula P, Ruskamo S. Crystal and solution structure of NDRG1, a membrane-binding protein linked to myelination and tumour suppression. FEBS J 2021; 288:3507-3529. [PMID: 33305529 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is a tumour suppressor involved in vesicular trafficking and stress response. NDRG1 participates in peripheral nerve myelination, and mutations in the NDRG1 gene lead to Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy. The 43-kDa NDRG1 is considered as an inactive member of the α/β hydrolase superfamily. In addition to a central α/β hydrolase fold domain, NDRG1 consists of a short N terminus and a C-terminal region with three 10-residue repeats. We determined the crystal structure of the α/β hydrolase domain of human NDRG1 and characterised the structure and dynamics of full-length NDRG1. The structure of the α/β hydrolase domain resembles the canonical α/β hydrolase fold with a central β sheet surrounded by α helices. Small-angle X-ray scattering and CD spectroscopy indicated a variable conformation for the N- and C-terminal regions. NDRG1 binds to various types of lipid vesicles, and the conformation of the C-terminal region is modulated upon lipid interaction. Intriguingly, NDRG1 interacts with metal ions, such as nickel, but is prone to aggregation in their presence. Our results uncover the structural and dynamic features of NDRG1, as well as elucidate its interactions with metals and lipids, and encourage studies to identify a putative hydrolase activity of NDRG1. DATABASES: The coordinates and structure factors for the crystal structure of human NDRG1 were deposited to PDB (PDB ID: 6ZMM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Venla Mustonen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Gopinath Muruganandam
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Remy Loris
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Petri Kursula
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Salla Ruskamo
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
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13
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Bjørklund G, Pivina L, Dadar M, Semenova Y, Chirumbolo S, Aaseth J. Mercury Exposure, Epigenetic Alterations and Brain Tumorigenesis: A Possible Relationship? Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:6596-6610. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190930150159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The risk assessment of mercury (Hg), in both wildlife and humans, represents an increasing
challenge. Increased production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) is a known Hg-induced
toxic effect, which can be accentuated by other environmental pollutants and by complex interactions
between environmental and genetic factors. Some epidemiological and experimental studies
have investigated a possible correlation between brain tumors and heavy metals. Epigenetic modifications
in brain tumors include aberrant activation of genes, hypomethylation of specific genes,
changes in various histones, and CpG hypermethylation. Also, Hg can decrease the bioavailability
of selenium and induce the generation of reactive oxygen that plays important roles in different
pathological processes. Modification of of metals can induce excess ROS and cause lipid peroxidation,
alteration of proteins, and DNA damage. In this review, we highlight the possible relationship
between Hg exposure, epigenetic alterations, and brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway
| | | | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
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14
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Xing X, He Z, Wang Z, Mo Z, Chen L, Yang B, Zhang Z, Chen S, Ye L, Zhang R, Zheng Y, Chen W, Li D. Association between H3K36me3 modification and methylation of LINE-1 and MGMT in peripheral blood lymphocytes of PAH-exposed workers. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2020; 9:661-668. [PMID: 33178426 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the epigenetic alterations in response to DNA damage following polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure and the crosstalk between different epigenetic regulations, we examined trimethylated Lys 36 of histone H3 (H3K36me3) and methylation of 'long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1)' and 'O 6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT)' in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLCs) of 173 coke oven workers (PAH-exposed group) and 94 non-exposed workers (control group). The PAH-exposed group showed higher internal PAH exposure level, enhanced DNA damage and increased MGMT expression (all P < 0.001). Notably, the methylation of LINE-1 and MGMT decreased by 3.9 and 40.8%, respectively, while H3K36me3 level was 1.7 times higher in PBLCs of PAH-exposed group compared to control group (all P < 0.001). These three epigenetic marks were significantly associated with DNA damage degree (all P < 0.001) and PAH exposure level in a dose-response manner (all P < 0.001). LINE-1 hypomethylation is correlated with enhanced H3K36me3 modification (β = -0.198, P = 0.002), indicating a synergistic effect between histone modification and DNA methylation at the whole genome level. In addition, MGMT expression was positively correlated with H3K36me3 modification (r = 0.253, P < 0.001), but not negatively correlated with MGMT methylation (r = 0.202, P < 0.05). The in vitro study using human bronchial epithelial cells treated with the organic extract of coke oven emissions confirmed that H3K36me3 is important for MGMT expression following PAH exposure. In summary, our study indicates that histone modification and DNA methylation might have synergistic effects on DNA damage induced by PAH exposure at the whole genome level and H3K36me3 is more essential for MGMT expression during the course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Xing
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhini He
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ziying Mo
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Boyi Yang
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhengbao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lizhu Ye
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China
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15
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Zhu Y, Costa M. Metals and molecular carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:1161-1172. [PMID: 32674145 PMCID: PMC7513952 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many metals are essential for living organisms, but at higher doses they may be toxic and carcinogenic. Metal exposure occurs mainly in occupational settings and environmental contaminations in drinking water, air pollution and foods, which can result in serious health problems such as cancer. Arsenic (As), beryllium (Be), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) are classified as Group 1 carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. This review provides a comprehensive summary of current concepts of the molecular mechanisms of metal-induced carcinogenesis and focusing on a variety of pathways, including genotoxicity, mutagenesis, oxidative stress, epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, histone post-translational modification and alteration in microRNA regulation, competition with essential metal ions and cancer-related signaling pathways. This review takes a broader perspective and aims to assist in guiding future research with respect to the prevention and therapy of metal exposure in human diseases including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusha Zhu
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Max Costa
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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16
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Wang Y, Wang T, Xu M, Yu H, Ding C, Wang Z, Pan X, Li Y, Niu Y, Yan R, Song J, Yan H, Dai Y, Sun Z, Su W, Duan H. Independent effect of main components in particulate matter on DNA methylation and DNA methyltransferase: A molecular epidemiology study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 134:105296. [PMID: 31759273 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of mechanistic information on the DNA methylation and particulate matter (PM) exposure. This study aimed to investigate the association of PM and its component with DNA methylation, and the roles of DNA methyltransferase (DNMTs). METHODS There were 240 high-exposed, 318 low-exposed and 210 non-exposed participants in this study. Individual concentrations of PM, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals were identified by the monitoring data in their workplaces. Urinary 1-OHP and metals were determined as exposure markers. The global DNA methylation (% 5mC) and the mRNA expression of DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B were measured. We used mediation analysis to evaluate the role of DNMTs expression on DNA methylation alteration induced by PAHs and metals components. RESULTS The decreasing trend of % 5mC was associated with increment of PM exposure in all subjects. We found that one IQR increase in total PAHs (3.82 μg/m3) and urinary 1-OHP (1.06 μmol/mol creatinine) were associated with a separate 6.08% and 7.26% decrease in % 5mC (P = 0.009, P < 0.001), and one IQR increase in urinary Ni (27.75 μmol/mol creatinine) was associated with a 3.29% decrease in % 5mC (P = 0.03). The interaction of urinary 1-OHP with Ni on global DNA methylation (%5mC) was not found (P interaction = 0.89). PM exposure was significantly associated with decreased mRNA level of DNMT3B, but the mediated effect of the PAHs and Ni levels on % 5mC through the DNMT3B pathway was not observed. CONCLUSIONS We found the decrement of global DNA methylation and DNMT3B expression with elevated PM levels in population. The independent mode of action on DNA hypomethylation was found from PAHs and metal components. Global DNA hypomethylation might be a potential biomarker for evaluation of adverse health effects in response to PM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- Laigang Hospital Affiliated to Taishan Medical University, Laiwu, China
| | - Chunguang Ding
- National Center for Occupational Safety and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xingfu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbo Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Niu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ruixue Yan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayang Song
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Huifang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Dai
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenge Su
- Laigang Hospital Affiliated to Taishan Medical University, Laiwu, China
| | - Huawei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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Son YO. Molecular Mechanisms of Nickel-Induced Carcinogenesis. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2019; 20:1015-1023. [PMID: 31774048 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666191125112728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increased use of heavy metal nickel in modern industries results in increased environmental impact. Occupational and environmental exposure to nickel is closely linked to an increased risk of human lung cancer and nasal cancer. OBJECTIVE Unlike other heavy metal carcinogens, nickel has weak mutagenic activity. Carcinogenesis caused by nickel is intensively studied, but the precise mechanism of action is not yet known. RESULTS Epigenetic changes, activation of hypoxia signaling pathways, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered to be the major molecular mechanisms involved in nickelinduced carcinogenesis. CONCLUSION This review provides insights into current research on nickel-induced carcinogenesis and suggests possible effective therapeutic strategies for nickel-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ok Son
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju City, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, Korea
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18
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Chen S, Li D, Zhang H, Yu D, Chen R, Zhang B, Tan Y, Niu Y, Duan H, Mai B, Chen S, Yu J, Luan T, Chen L, Xing X, Li Q, Xiao Y, Dong G, Niu Y, Aschner M, Zhang R, Zheng Y, Chen W. The development of a cell-based model for the assessment of carcinogenic potential upon long-term PM2.5 exposure. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 131:104943. [PMID: 31295644 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To assess the carcinogenic potential of PM2.5 exposure, we developed a cell-based experimental protocol to examine the cell transformation activity of PM2.5 samples from different regions in China. The seasonal ambient PM2.5 samples were collected from three megacities, Beijing (BJ), Wuhan (WH), and Guangzhou (GZ), from November 2016 to October 2017. The mean concentrations of PM2.5 were much higher in the winter season (BJ: 109.64 μg/m3, WH: 79.99 μg/m3, GZ: 49.99 μg/m3) than that in summer season (BJ: 42.40 μg/m3, WH: 25.82 μg/m3, GZ: 19.82 μg/m3). The organic extracts (OE) of PM2.5 samples from combined summer (S) (June, July, August) or winter (W) (November, December, January) seasons were subjected to characterization of chemical components. We treated human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells expressing CYP1A1 (HBE-1A1) with PM2.5 samples at doses ranging from 0 to 100 μg/mL (0, 1.563, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 μg/mL) and determined the phenotype of malignant cell transformation. A dose-response relationship was analyzed by benchmark dose (BMD) modeling, and the potential were indicated by BMDL10. The order of the carcinogenic risk of seasonal PM2.5 samples from high to low was BJ-W, WH-W, GZ-W, WH-S, BJ-S, and GZ-S. Notably, we found that the alteration in the lung cancer-related biomarkers, KRAS, PTEN, p53, c-Myc, PCNA, pAKT/AKT, and pERK/ERK was congruent with the activity of cell transformation and the content of specific components of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) bound to PM2.5. Taken together, we have successfully developed a cell-based alternative model for the evaluation of potent carcinogenicity upon long-term PM2.5 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dianke Yu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Wuhan Children's Hospital & Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430015, China
| | - Yafei Tan
- Wuhan Children's Hospital & Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430015, China
| | - Yong Niu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Huawei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bixian Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shejun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jianzhen Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiumei Xing
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qiong Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yongmei Xiao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yujie Niu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer 209, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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19
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Nickel Carcinogenesis Mechanism: DNA Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194690. [PMID: 31546657 PMCID: PMC6802009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) is known to be a major carcinogenic heavy metal. Occupational and environmental exposure to Ni has been implicated in human lung and nasal cancers. Currently, the molecular mechanisms of Ni carcinogenicity remain unclear, but studies have shown that Ni-caused DNA damage is an important carcinogenic mechanism. Therefore, we conducted a literature search of DNA damage associated with Ni exposure and summarized known Ni-caused DNA damage effects. In vitro and vivo studies demonstrated that Ni can induce DNA damage through direct DNA binding and reactive oxygen species (ROS) stimulation. Ni can also repress the DNA damage repair systems, including direct reversal, nucleotide repair (NER), base excision repair (BER), mismatch repair (MMR), homologous-recombination repair (HR), and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) repair pathways. The repression of DNA repair is through direct enzyme inhibition and the downregulation of DNA repair molecule expression. Up to now, the exact mechanisms of DNA damage caused by Ni and Ni compounds remain unclear. Revealing the mechanisms of DNA damage from Ni exposure may contribute to the development of preventive strategies in Ni carcinogenicity.
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Abstract
Nickel is a naturally occurring element found in the Earth’s crust and an International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)-classified human carcinogen. While low levels found in the natural environment pose a minor concern, the extensive use of nickel in industrial settings such as in the production of stainless steel and various alloys complicate human exposure and health effects. Notably, interactions with nickel macromolecules, primarily through inhalation, have been demonstrated to promote lung cancer. Mechanisms of nickel-carcinogenesis range from oxidative stress, DNA damage, and hypoxia-inducible pathways to epigenetic mechanisms. Recently, non-coding RNAs have drawn increased attention in cancer mechanistic studies. Specifically, nickel has been found to disrupt expression and functions of micro-RNAs and long-non-coding RNAs, resulting in subsequent changes in target gene expression levels, some of which include key cancer genes such as p53, MDM2, c-myc, and AP-1. Non-coding RNAs are also involved in well-studied mechanisms of nickel-induced lung carcinogenesis, such as the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway, oxidative stress, DNA damage and repair, DNA hypermethylation, and alterations in tumor suppressors and oncogenes. This review provides a summary of the currently known epigenetic mechanisms involved in nickel-induced lung carcinogenesis, with a particular focus on non-coding RNAs.
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21
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Khatami F, Teimoori-Toolabi L, Heshmat R, Nasiri S, Saffar H, Mohammadamoli M, Aghdam MH, Larijani B, Tavangar SM. Circulating ctDNA methylation quantification of two DNA methyl transferases in papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:17422-17437. [PMID: 31127647 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common type of cancer among thyroid malignancies. Tumor-related methylation of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in plasma could represent tumor specific alterations can be considered as good biomarkers in circulating tumor cells. In this study, we studied the methylation status of seven promoter regions of two DNA methyl Transferases (MGMT and DNMT1) genes as the methylated ctDNA in plasma and tissue samples of patients with PTC and goiter patients as noncancerous controls. METHODS Both ctDNA and tissue genomic DNA of 57 PTC and 45 Goiter samples were isolated. After bisulfite modification, the methylation status was studied by Methylation-Sensitive High Resolution Melting (MS-HRM) assay technique. Four promoter regions of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) and three promoter regions of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) were assessed. RESULTS From seven candidate promoter regions of two methyltrasferase coding genes, the methylation status of ctDNA within MGMT (a), MGMT (c), MGMT (d), and DNMT1 (b) were meaningfully different between PTC cases and controls. However, the most significant differences were seen in circulating ctDNA MGMT (c) which was hypermethylated in 25 (43.9 %) of patients with PTC vs 2 (4. 4 %) of goiter samples. Between two selected DNA methyl transferase, the methylation of MGMT as the maintenance methyltransferase was significantly higher in PTC cases than goiter controls (P-value < .001). The resulting areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were 0.78 for MGMT (d) for PTC versus goiter samples that can represent the overall ability of MGMT (d) methylation status to discriminate between PTC and goiter patients. CONCLUSION Among seven candidate regions of ctDNA the MGMT (c) and MGMT (d) showed higher sensitivity and specificity for PTC as a suitable candidates as biomarkers of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Khatami
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirzad Nasiri
- Departments of Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hiva Saffar
- Departments of Pathology, Dr. Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Mohammadamoli
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Tavangar
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Departments of Pathology, Dr. Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Yang F, Jin H, Que B, Chao Y, Zhang H, Ying X, Zhou Z, Yuan Z, Su J, Wu B, Zhang W, Qi D, Chen D, Min W, Lin S, Ji W. Dynamic m 6A mRNA methylation reveals the role of METTL3-m 6A-CDCP1 signaling axis in chemical carcinogenesis. Oncogene 2019; 38:4755-4772. [PMID: 30796352 PMCID: PMC6756049 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0755-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal modification in mammalian mRNAs. Despite its functional importance in various physiological events, the role of m6A in chemical carcinogenesis remains largely unknown. Here we profiled the dynamic m6A mRNA modification during cellular transformation induced by chemical carcinogens and identified a subset of cell transformation-related, concordantly modulated m6A sites. Notably, the increased m6A in 3'-UTR mRNA of oncogene CDCP1 was found in malignant transformed cells. Mechanistically, the m6A methyltransferase METTL3 and demethylases ALKBH5 mediate the m6A modification in 3'-UTR of CDCP1 mRNA. METTL3 and m6A reader YTHDF1 preferentially recognize m6A residues on CPCP1 3'-UTR and promote CDCP1 translation. We further showed that METTL3 and CDCP1 are upregulated in the bladder cancer patient samples and the expression of METTL3 and CDCP1 is correlated with the progression status of the bladder cancers. Inhibition of the METTL3-m6A-CDCP1 axis resulted in decreased growth and progression of chemical-transformed cells and bladder cancer cells. Most importantly, METTL3-m6A-CDCP1 axis has synergistic effect with chemical carcinogens in promoting malignant transformation of uroepithelial cells and bladder cancer tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our results identify dynamic m6A modification in chemical-induced malignant transformation and provide insight into critical roles of the METTL3-m6A-CDCP1 axis in chemical carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Huan Jin
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Biao Que
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510230, China
| | - Yinghui Chao
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Haiqing Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaoling Ying
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhongyang Zhou
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zusen Yuan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510230, China
| | - Jialin Su
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Bin Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, The School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Defeng Qi
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510230, China
| | - Demeng Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wang Min
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China. .,Department of Pathology and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
| | - Shuibin Lin
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Weidong Ji
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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23
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Influence of aging in the modulation of epigenetic biomarkers of carcinogenesis after exposure to air pollution. Exp Gerontol 2018; 110:125-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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24
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Zheng J, Yu F, Dong P, Wu L, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Zheng L. Long non-coding RNA PVT1 activates hepatic stellate cells through competitively binding microRNA-152. Oncotarget 2018; 7:62886-62897. [PMID: 27588491 PMCID: PMC5325334 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process is considered as a key event in the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Hedgehog (Hh) pathway is known to be required for EMT process. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be involved in a wide range of biological processes. Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1), a novel lncRNA, is often up-regulated in various human cancers. However, the role of PVT1 in liver fibrosis remains undefined. In this study, PVT1 was increased in fibrotic liver tissues and activated HSCs. Depletion of PVT1 attenuated collagen deposits in vivo. In vitro, PVT1 down-regulation inhibited HSC activation including the reduction of HSC proliferation, α-SMA and type I collagen. Further studies showed that PVT1 knockdown suppressed HSC activation was through inhibiting EMT process and Hh pathway. Patched1 (PTCH1), a negative regulator factor of Hh pathway, was enhanced by PVT1 knockdown. PTCH1 demethylation caused by miR-152 was responsible for the effects of PVT1 knockdown on PTCH1 expression. Notably, miR-152 inhibitor reversed the effects of PVT1 knockdown on HSC activation. Luciferase reporter assays and pull-down assays showed a direct interaction between miR-152 and PVT1. Collectively, we demonstrate that PVT1 epigenetically down-regulates PTCH1 expression via competitively binding miR-152, contributing to EMT process in liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjian Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Fujun Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Peihong Dong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Limei Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yanwei Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
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25
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Yin R, Mo J, Dai J, Wang H. Nickel(ii) inhibits the oxidation of DNA 5-methylcytosine in mammalian somatic cells and embryonic stem cells. Metallomics 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00346c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nickel(ii) inhibits Tet-mediated oxidation of DNA 5-methylcytosine in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichuan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- China
| | - Jiezhen Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- China
| | - Jiayin Dai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology
- Institute of Zoology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Hailin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- China
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26
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Scanlon SE, Scanlon CD, Hegan DC, Sulkowski PL, Glazer PM. Nickel induces transcriptional down-regulation of DNA repair pathways in tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic lung cells. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:627-637. [PMID: 28472268 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The heavy metal nickel is a known carcinogen, and occupational exposure to nickel compounds has been implicated in human lung and nasal cancers. Unlike many other environmental carcinogens, however, nickel does not directly induce DNA mutagenesis, and the mechanism of nickel-related carcinogenesis remains incompletely understood. Cellular nickel exposure leads to signaling pathway activation, transcriptional changes and epigenetic remodeling, processes also impacted by hypoxia, which itself promotes tumor growth without causing direct DNA damage. One of the mechanisms by which hypoxia contributes to tumor growth is the generation of genomic instability via down-regulation of high-fidelity DNA repair pathways. Here, we find that nickel exposure similarly leads to down-regulation of DNA repair proteins involved in homology-dependent DNA double-strand break repair (HDR) and mismatch repair (MMR) in tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic human lung cells. Functionally, nickel induces a defect in HDR capacity, as determined by plasmid-based host cell reactivation assays, persistence of ionizing radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks and cellular hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation. Mechanistically, we find that nickel, in contrast to the metalloid arsenic, acutely induces transcriptional repression of HDR and MMR genes as part of a global transcriptional pattern similar to that seen with hypoxia. Finally, we find that exposure to low-dose nickel reduces the activity of the MLH1 promoter, but only arsenic leads to long-term MLH1 promoter silencing. Together, our data elucidate novel mechanisms of heavy metal carcinogenesis and contribute to our understanding of the influence of the microenvironment on the regulation of DNA repair pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E Scanlon
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and.,Department of Experimental Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8040, USA
| | - Christine D Scanlon
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and.,Department of Chemistry, Miss Porter's School, Farmington, CT 06032, USA and
| | - Denise C Hegan
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8040, USA
| | - Parker L Sulkowski
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8040, USA
| | - Peter M Glazer
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8040, USA
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27
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Yu F, Zhou G, Huang K, Fan X, Li G, Chen B, Dong P, Zheng J. Serum lincRNA-p21 as a potential biomarker of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B patients. J Viral Hepat 2017; 24:580-588. [PMID: 28107589 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Serum long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as promising biomarkers for various human diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using serum long intergenic non-coding RNA-p21 (lincRNA-p21) as a biomarker for chronic hepatitis B patients. Serum lincRNA-p21 levels were quantified using real-time PCR in 417 CHB patients and 363 healthy controls. The promoter methylation level of lincRNA-p21 was detected using bisulphite-sequencing analysis in primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Sera from hepatitis B-infected patients contained lower levels of lincRNA-p21 than sera from healthy controls. Serum lincRNA-p21 levels negatively correlated with stages of liver fibrosis in infected patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses suggested that serum lincRNA-p21 had a significant diagnostic value for liver fibrosis in these patients. It yielded an area under the curve of ROC of 0.854 with 100% sensitivity and 70% specificity in discriminating liver fibrosis from healthy controls. There was additionally a negative correlation between serum lincRNA-p21 level and the markers of liver fibrosis including α-SMA and Col1A1. However, there was no correlation of serum lincRNA-p21 level with the markers of viral replication, liver inflammatory activity, and liver function. Notably, during primary HSCs culture, loss of lincRNA-p21 expression was associated with promoter methylation. Serum lincRNA-p21 could serve as a potential biomarker of liver fibrosis in CHB patients. Down-regulation of lincRNA-p21 in liver fibrosis may be associated with promoter methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guangyao Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kate Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - XuFei Fan
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guojun Li
- Department of Hepatology, Ningbo Yinzhou Second Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peihong Dong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianjian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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28
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A Tox21 Approach to Altered Epigenetic Landscapes: Assessing Epigenetic Toxicity Pathways Leading to Altered Gene Expression and Oncogenic Transformation In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061179. [PMID: 28587163 PMCID: PMC5486002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An emerging vision for toxicity testing in the 21st century foresees in vitro assays assuming the leading role in testing for chemical hazards, including testing for carcinogenicity. Toxicity will be determined by monitoring key steps in functionally validated molecular pathways, using tests designed to reveal chemically-induced perturbations that lead to adverse phenotypic endpoints in cultured human cells. Risk assessments would subsequently be derived from the causal in vitro endpoints and concentration vs. effect data extrapolated to human in vivo concentrations. Much direct experimental evidence now shows that disruption of epigenetic processes by chemicals is a carcinogenic mode of action that leads to altered gene functions playing causal roles in cancer initiation and progression. In assessing chemical safety, it would therefore be advantageous to consider an emerging class of carcinogens, the epigenotoxicants, with the ability to change chromatin and/or DNA marks by direct or indirect effects on the activities of enzymes (writers, erasers/editors, remodelers and readers) that convey the epigenetic information. Evidence is reviewed supporting a strategy for in vitro hazard identification of carcinogens that induce toxicity through disturbance of functional epigenetic pathways in human somatic cells, leading to inactivated tumour suppressor genes and carcinogenesis. In the context of human cell transformation models, these in vitro pathway measurements ensure high biological relevance to the apical endpoint of cancer. Four causal mechanisms participating in pathways to persistent epigenetic gene silencing were considered: covalent histone modification, nucleosome remodeling, non-coding RNA interaction and DNA methylation. Within these four interacting mechanisms, 25 epigenetic toxicity pathway components (SET1, MLL1, KDM5, G9A, SUV39H1, SETDB1, EZH2, JMJD3, CBX7, CBX8, BMI, SUZ12, HP1, MPP8, DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, TET1, MeCP2, SETDB2, BAZ2A, UHRF1, CTCF, HOTAIR and ANRIL) were found to have experimental evidence showing that functional perturbations played “driver” roles in human cellular transformation. Measurement of epigenotoxicants presents challenges for short-term carcinogenicity testing, especially in the high-throughput modes emphasized in the Tox21 chemicals testing approach. There is need to develop and validate in vitro tests to detect both, locus-specific, and genome-wide, epigenetic alterations with causal links to oncogenic cellular phenotypes. Some recent examples of cell-based high throughput chemical screening assays are presented that have been applied or have shown potential for application to epigenetic endpoints.
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29
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Yu F, Chen B, Dong P, Zheng J. HOTAIR Epigenetically Modulates PTEN Expression via MicroRNA-29b: A Novel Mechanism in Regulation of Liver Fibrosis. Mol Ther 2017; 25:205-217. [PMID: 28129115 PMCID: PMC5363197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Homeobox transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR), as a long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA), is upregulated in various cancers and involved in diverse cellular functions. However, its role in liver fibrosis is unclear. In this study, HOTAIR expression was upregulated in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in vivo and in vitro during liver fibrosis. HOTAIR knockdown suppressed HSC activation including α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and typeIcollagen in vitro and in vivo. Both HSC proliferation and cell cycle were inhibited by HOTAIR knockdown. Notably, inhibition of HOTAIR led to an increase in PTEN, associated with the loss of DNA methylation. miR-29b-mediated control of PTEN methylation was involved in the effects of HOTAIR knockdown. HOTAIR was confirmed a target of miR-29b and lack of the miR-29b binding site in HOTAIR prevented the suppression of miR-29b, suggesting HOTAIR contributes to PTEN expression downregulation via sponging miR-29b. Interestingly, increased HOTAIR was also observed in hepatocytes during liver fibrosis. Loss of HOTAIR additionally led to the increase in PTEN and the reduction in typeIcollagen in hepatocytes. Collectively, we demonstrate that HOTAIR downregulates miR-29b expression and attenuates its control on epigenetic regulation, leading to enhanced PTEN methylation, which contributes to the progression of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujun Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201600, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Peihong Dong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Jianjian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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30
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In vitro hydroquinone-induced instauration of histone bivalent mark on human retroelements (LINE-1) in HL60 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 40:1-10. [PMID: 27979589 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Benzene is extensively used in industry despite its leukemogenic activity, representing a significant occupational hazard. We investigated if long-term treatment with low-doses hydroquinone (HQ), a benzene metabolite, might be sufficient to alter in vitro the epigenetic signature underlining LINE-1 sequences, a poorly explored step in health risks associated with benzene exposure. In HL-60 cell line, exploring the epigenetic events occurring in chromatin, we found the transient instauration of the distinctive signature combining the repressive H3Lys27 tri-methylation mark and the activating H3Lys4 tri-methylation mark (H3K27me3/H3K4me3), indicating a tendency toward a poised chromatin conformation. These alterations are lost in time after short-term treatments, while the long-term setting, performed using a concentration within the levels of total HQ in peripheral blood of benzene-exposed workers, showed a gradual increase in H3K4me3. We observed the absence of statistically significant variations in DNA methylation and expression levels of LINE-1, despite a decrease in protein levels of UHRF1, DNA methyl-transferases and histone methyl-transferases. In conclusion, in vitro treatment with low-dose HQ determined the instauration of a reversible poised state of chromatin in LINE-1 sequences, suggesting that prolonged exposure could cause persistent epigenetic alterations.
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31
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Humphries B, Wang Z, Yang C. The role of microRNAs in metal carcinogen-induced cell malignant transformation and tumorigenesis. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 98:58-65. [PMID: 26903202 PMCID: PMC4992468 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), an important component of epigenetic mechanisms of carcinogenesis, have been shown to play crucial roles in cancer initiation, metastasis, prognosis and responses to drug treatment and may serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis of cancer and tools for cancer therapy. Metal carcinogens, such as arsenic, cadmium, hexavalent chromium and nickel, are well-established human carcinogens causing various cancers upon long term exposure. However, the mechanism of metal carcinogenesis has not been well understood, which limits our capability to effectively diagnose and treat human cancers resulting from chronic metal carcinogen exposure. Over recent years, the role of miRNAs in metal carcinogenesis has been actively explored and a growing body of evidence indicates the critical involvement of miRNAs in metal carcinogenesis. This review aims to discuss recent studies showing that miRNAs play important roles in metal carcinogen-induced cell malignant transformation and tumorigenesis. Some thoughts for future further studies in this field are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brock Humphries
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Zhishan Wang
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Chengfeng Yang
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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32
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Cartularo L, Kluz T, Cohen L, Shen SS, Costa M. Molecular Mechanisms of Malignant Transformation by Low Dose Cadmium in Normal Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155002. [PMID: 27186882 PMCID: PMC4871351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a carcinogenic metal, the mechanisms of which are not fully understood. In this study, human bronchial epithelial cells were transformed with sub-toxic doses of cadmium (0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 μM) and transformed clones were characterized for gene expression changes using RNA-seq, as well as other molecular measurements. 440 genes were upregulated and 47 genes were downregulated in cadmium clones relative to control clones over 1.25-fold. Upregulated genes were associated mostly with gene ontology terms related to embryonic development, immune response, and cell movement, while downregulated genes were associated with RNA metabolism and regulation of transcription. Several embryonic genes were upregulated, including the transcription regulator SATB2. SATB2 is critical for normal skeletal development and has roles in gene expression regulation and chromatin remodeling. Small hairpin RNA knockdown of SATB2 significantly inhibited growth in soft agar, indicating its potential as a driver of metal-induced carcinogenesis. An increase in oxidative stress and autophagy was observed in cadmium clones. In addition, the DNA repair protein O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase was depleted by transformation with cadmium. MGMT loss caused significant decrease in cell viability after treatment with the alkylating agent temozolomide, demonstrating diminished capacity to repair such damage. Results reveal various mechanisms of cadmium-induced malignant transformation in BEAS-2B cells including upregulation of SATB2, downregulation of MGMT, and increased oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cartularo
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Thomas Kluz
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Lisa Cohen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Steven S. Shen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Genome Technology Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of Americ
| | - Max Costa
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Li X, Li X, Zhu Z, Huang P, Zhuang Z, Liu J, Gao W, Liu Y, Huang H. Poly(ADP-Ribose) Glycohydrolase (PARG) Silencing Suppresses Benzo(a)pyrene Induced Cell Transformation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151172. [PMID: 27003318 PMCID: PMC4803271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a ubiquitously distributed environmental pollutant and known carcinogen, which can induce malignant transformation in rodent and human cells. Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG), the primary enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), has been known to play an important role in regulating DNA damage repair and maintaining genomic stability. Although PARG has been shown to be a downstream effector of BaP, the role of PARG in BaP induced carcinogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we used the PARG-deficient human bronchial epithelial cell line (shPARG) as a model to examine how PARG contributed to the carcinogenesis induced by chronic BaP exposure under various concentrations (0, 10, 20 and 40 μM). Our results showed that PARG silencing dramatically reduced DNA damages, chromosome abnormalities, and micronuclei formations in the PARG-deficient human bronchial epithelial cells compared to the control cells (16HBE cells). Meanwhile, the wound healing assay showed that PARG silencing significantly inhibited BaP-induced cell migration. Furthermore, silencing of PARG significantly reduced the volume and weight of tumors in Balb/c nude mice injected with BaP induced transformed human bronchial epithelial cells. This was the first study that reported evidences to support an oncogenic role of PARG in BaP induced carcinogenesis, which provided a new perspective for our understanding in BaP exposure induced cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiyi Li
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhiliang Zhu
- Department of Occupational Disease Prevention, Baoan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiwu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhixiong Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinpin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail:
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Bouwmeester MC, Ruiter S, Lommelaars T, Sippel J, Hodemaekers HM, van den Brandhof EJ, Pennings JL, Kamstra JH, Jelinek J, Issa JPJ, Legler J, van der Ven LT. Zebrafish embryos as a screen for DNA methylation modifications after compound exposure. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 291:84-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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35
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Yang L, Xia B, Yang X, Ding H, Wu D, Zhang H, Jiang G, Liu J, Zhuang Z. Mitochondrial DNA hypomethylation in chrome plating workers. Toxicol Lett 2015; 243:1-6. [PMID: 26656300 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A matched case-control study was conducted to examine the relationship between chromium (Cr) exposure and variation in mitochondrial (mt) DNA methylation. We enrolled 29 pairs of subjects in this study; Cr exposure was confirmed in the cases by detecting blood Cr and other metal ion concentrations. DNA damage caused by Cr exposure was determined in terms of binucleated micronucleus frequency (BNMN) and mtDNA copy number. Finally, a Sequenom MassARRAY platform was applied to inspect the DNA methylation levels of mitochondrially encoded tRNA phenylalanine (MT-TF), mitochondrially encoded 12S RNA (MT-RNR1), and long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1) genes. The blood Cr ion concentration and micronucleus frequency of the Cr-exposed group were higher than those of the control group, whereas the mtDNA copy number remained unchanged. The methylation levels of MT-TF and MT-RNR1 but not LINE-1 were significantly lower in Cr-exposed workers. Pearson correlation analysis showed that workers with higher blood Cr ion concentrations exhibited lower MT-TF and MT-RNR1 gene methylation, and multiple linear regression analysis indicated that CpG sites 1 and 2 in MT-TF and CpG site 6 in MT-RNR1 were affected. These results suggested that methylation level of mtDNA has the possibility of acting as an alternative effect biomarker for Cr exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqing Yang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bo Xia
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xueqin Yang
- Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Disease, Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Hong Ding
- Shenzhen Longgang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Desheng Wu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Gaofeng Jiang
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhixiong Zhuang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Environmental pollution and DNA methylation: carcinogenesis, clinical significance, and practical applications. Front Med 2015; 9:261-74. [PMID: 26290283 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-015-0406-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution is one of the main causes of human cancer. Exposures to environmental carcinogens result in genetic and epigenetic alterations which induce cell transformation. Epigenetic changes caused by environmental pollution play important roles in the development and progression of environmental pollution-related cancers. Studies on DNA methylation are among the earliest and most conducted epigenetic research linked to cancer. In this review, the roles of DNA methylation in carcinogenesis and their significance in clinical medicine were summarized, and the effects of environmental pollutants, particularly air pollutants, on DNA methylation were introduced. Furthermore, prospective applications of DNA methylation to environmental pollution detection and cancer prevention were discussed.
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Yu F, Lu Z, Chen B, Wu X, Dong P, Zheng J. Salvianolic acid B-induced microRNA-152 inhibits liver fibrosis by attenuating DNMT1-mediated Patched1 methylation. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:2617-32. [PMID: 26257392 PMCID: PMC4627567 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was reported to be involved in the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), contributing to the development of liver fibrosis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition can be promoted by the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway. Patched1 (PTCH1), a negative regulatory factor of the Hh signalling pathway, was down-regulated during liver fibrosis and associated with its hypermethylation status. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are reported to play a critical role in the control of various HSCs functions. However, miRNA-mediated epigenetic regulations in EMT during liver fibrosis are seldom studied. In this study, Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) suppressed the activation of HSCs in CCl4-treated mice and mouse primary HSCs, leading to inhibition of cell proliferation, type I collagen and alpha-smooth muscle actin. We demonstrated that the antifibrotic effects caused by Sal B were, at least in part, via inhibition of EMT and the Hh pathway. In particular, up-regulation of PTCH1 was associated with decreased DNA methylation level after Sal B treatment. Accordingly, DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) was attenuated by Sal B in vivo and in vitro. The knockdown of DNMT1 in Sal B-treated HSCs enhanced PTCH1 expression and its demethylation level. Interestingly, increased miR-152 in Sal B-treated cells was responsible for the hypomethylation of PTCH1 by Sal B. As confirmed by the luciferase activity assay, DNMT1 was a direct target of miR-152. Further studies showed that the miR-152 inhibitor reversed Sal B-mediated PTCH1 up-regulation and DNMT1 down-regulation. Collectively, miR-152 induced by Sal B, contributed to DNMT1 down-regulation and epigenetically regulated PTCH1, resulting in the inhibition of EMT in liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujun Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhongqiu Lu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peihong Dong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianjian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Ryu HW, Lee DH, Won HR, Kim KH, Seong YJ, Kwon SH. Influence of toxicologically relevant metals on human epigenetic regulation. Toxicol Res 2015; 31:1-9. [PMID: 25874027 PMCID: PMC4395649 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2015.31.1.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental toxicants such as toxic metals can alter epigenetic regulatory features such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA expression. Heavy metals influence gene expression by epigenetic mechanisms and by directly binding to various metal response elements in the target gene promoters. Given the role of epigenetic alterations in regulating genes, there is potential for the integration of toxic metal-induced epigenetic alterations as informative factors in the risk assessment process. Here, we focus on recent advances in understanding epigenetic changes, gene expression, and biological effects induced by toxic metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Wook Ryu
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hye-Rim Won
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kyeong Hwan Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yun Jeong Seong
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - So Hee Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
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Oller AR, Oberdörster G, Seilkop SK. Derivation of PM10 size-selected human equivalent concentrations of inhaled nickel based on cancer and non-cancer effects on the respiratory tract. Inhal Toxicol 2015; 26:559-78. [PMID: 25055843 DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2014.932034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Nickel (Ni) in ambient air is predominantly present in the form of oxides and sulfates, with the distribution of Ni mass between the fine (particle aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 µm; PM2.5) and coarser (2.5-10 µm) size-selected aerosol fractions of PM10 dependent on the aerosol's origin. When deriving a long-term health protective reference concentration for Ni in ambient air, the respiratory toxicity and carcinogenicity effects of the predominant Ni compounds in ambient air must be considered. Dosimetric adjustments to account for differences in aerosol particle size and respiratory tract deposition and/or clearance among rats, workers, and the general public were applied to experimentally- and epidemiologically-determined points of departure (PODs) such as no(low)-effect concentrations, for both cancer and non-cancer respiratory effects. This approach resulted in the derivation of threshold-based PM10 size-selected equivalent concentrations (modified PODs) of 0.5 µg Ni/m(3) based on workers' cancer effects and 9-11 µg Ni/m(3) based on rodent respiratory toxicity effects. Sources of uncertainty in exposure extrapolations are described. These are not reference concentrations; rather the derived PM10 size-selected modified PODs can be used as the starting point for the calculation of ambient air reference concentrations for Ni. The described approach is equally applicable to other particulates.
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40
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Caffo M, Caruso G, Fata GL, Barresi V, Visalli M, Venza M, Venza I. Heavy metals and epigenetic alterations in brain tumors. Curr Genomics 2015; 15:457-63. [PMID: 25646073 PMCID: PMC4311389 DOI: 10.2174/138920291506150106151847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals and their derivatives can cause various diseases. Numerous studies have evaluated the possible link between exposure to heavy metals and various cancers. Recent data show a correlation between heavy metals and aberration of genetic and epigenetic patterns. From a literature search we noticed few experimental and epidemiological studies that evaluate a possible correlation between heavy metals and brain tumors. Gliomas arise due to genetic and epigenetic alterations of glial cells. Changes in gene expression result in the alteration of the cellular division process. Epigenetic alterations in brain tumors include the hypermethylation of CpG group, hypomethylation of specific genes, aberrant activation of genes, and changes in the position of various histones. Heavy metals are capable of generating reactive oxygen assumes that key functions in various pathological mechanisms. Alteration of homeostasis of metals could cause the overproduction of reactive oxygen species and induce DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, and alteration of proteins. In this study we summarize the possible correlation between heavy metals, epigenetic alterations and brain tumors. We report, moreover, the review of relevant literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Caffo
- Neurosurgical Clinic, Department of Neuroscience, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gerardo Caruso
- Neurosurgical Clinic, Department of Neuroscience, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Fata
- Neurosurgical Clinic, Department of Neuroscience, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Valeria Barresi
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Visalli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Mario Venza
- Department of Experimental Specialized Medical and Surgical and Odontostomatology Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Isabella Venza
- Department of Experimental Specialized Medical and Surgical and Odontostomatology Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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41
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Scientific Opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of nickel in food and drinking water. EFSA J 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Relationship between urinary nickel and methylation of p15, p16 in workers exposed to nickel. J Occup Environ Med 2015; 56:489-92. [PMID: 24806561 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between urinary nickel and methylation of p15, p16 in workers exposed to nickel. METHODS In this study, 165 nickel-exposed workers and 67 workers without exposure were recruited. The levels of urinary nickel were analyzed using dimethylglyoxime spectrophotometric method. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the methylation of p15 and p16. RESULTS The median concentration of urinary nickel in the exposed group (4.58 μg/L) was significantly higher than that in the control group (1.78 μg/L; P < 0.01). The rate of methylation of p15 in the exposed group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P = 0.023). The multiple logistic analysis showed that workers having higher urinary nickel were at the higher risk of methylation of p15 (P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS The levels of urinary nickel were significantly associated with the methylation of p15.
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Guo X, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Fa P, Gui Y, Gao G, Cai Z. The regulatory role of nickel on H3K27 demethylase JMJD3 in kidney cancer cells. Toxicol Ind Health 2014; 32:1286-92. [PMID: 25427687 DOI: 10.1177/0748233714552687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nickel compounds are an important class of environmental pollutants and carcinogens. Chronic exposure to nickel compounds has been connected with increased risks of numerous cancers, including lung and kidney cancers. But the precise mechanism by which nickel compounds exert their carcinogenic properties is not completely understood. In this study, kidney cancer cells namely human embryonic kidney 293-containing SV40 large T-antigen (HEK293T) and 786-0 were incubated with various concentrations of nickel chloride for 24 h before analysing the expression of three histone H3K27 methylation-modifying enzymes and H3K27me3 using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses. Our results showed that incubation of nickel chloride upregulated the expression of H3K27me3 demethylase jumonji domain-containing protein 3 (JMJD3) in kidney cancer cells, which was accompanied by the reduction in the protein level of H3K27me3. Enhanced demethylation of H3K27me3 may represent a novel mechanism underlying the carcinogenicity of nickel compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Guo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Tumor, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pingping Fa
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yaoting Gui
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guoquan Gao
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Cai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Tumor, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Chiou YH, Wong RH, Chao MR, Chen CY, Liou SH, Lee H. Nickel accumulation in lung tissues is associated with increased risk of p53 mutation in lung cancer patients. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2014; 55:624-632. [PMID: 24711049 DOI: 10.1002/em.21867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Occupational exposure to nickel compounds has been associated with lung cancer. The correlation between high nickel levels and increased risk of lung cancer has been previously reported in a case-control study. This study assessed whether nickel exposure increased the occurrence of p53 mutations due to DNA repair inhibition by nickel. A total of 189 lung cancer patients were enrolled to determine nickel levels in tumor-adjacent normal lung tissues and p53 mutation status in lung tumors through atomic absorption spectrometry and direct sequencing, respectively. Nickel levels in p53 mutant patients were significantly higher than those in p53 wild-type patients. When patients were divided into high- and low-nickel subgroups by median nickel level, the high-nickel subgroup of patients had an odds ratio (OR) of 3.25 for p53 mutation risk relative to the low-nickel subgroup patients. The OR for p53 mutation risk of lifetime non-smokers, particularly females, in the high-nickel subgroup was greater than that in the low-nickel subgroup. To determine whether nickel affected DNA repair capacity, we conducted the host cell reactivation assay in A549 and H1975 lung cancer cells and showed that the DNA repair activity was reduced by nickel chloride in a dose-dependent manner. This was associated with elevated production of hydrogen peroxide-induced 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine. Therefore, increased risk of p53 mutation due to defective DNA repair caused by high nickel levels in lung tissues may be one mechanism by which nickel exposure contributes to lung cancer development, especially in lifetime female non-smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hu Chiou
- Institute of Medical and Molecular Toxicology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Brocato J, Costa M. 10th NTES Conference: Nickel and Arsenic Compounds Alter the Epigenome of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2014; 31:209-13. [PMID: 24837610 PMCID: PMC4201979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms that underlie metal carcinogenesis are the subject of intense investigation; however, data from in vitro and in vivo studies are starting to piece together a story that implicates epigenetics as a key player. Data from our lab has shown that nickel compounds inhibit dioxygenase enzymes by displacing iron in the active site. Arsenic is hypothesized to inhibit these enzymes by diminishing ascorbate levels--an important co-factor for dioxygenases. Inhibition of histone demethylase dioxygenases can increase histone methylation levels, which also may affect gene expression. Recently, our lab conducted a series of investigations in human subjects exposed to high levels of nickel or arsenic compounds. Global levels of histone modifications in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from exposed subjects were compared to low environmentally exposed controls. Results showed that nickel increased H3K4me3 and decreased H3K9me2 globally. Arsenic increased H3K9me2 and decreased H3K9ac globally. Other histone modifications affected by arsenic were sex-dependent. Nickel affected the expression of 2756 genes in human PBMCs and many of the genes were involved in immune and carcinogenic pathways. This review will describe data from our lab that demonstrates for the first time that nickel and arsenic compounds affect global levels of histone modifications and gene expression in exposed human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Brocato
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 57 Old Forge Road, NY 10987, USA
| | - Max Costa
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 57 Old Forge Road, NY 10987, USA.
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Ning B, Su Z, Mei N, Hong H, Deng H, Shi L, Fuscoe JC, Tolleson WH. Toxicogenomics and cancer susceptibility: advances with next-generation sequencing. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENESIS & ECOTOXICOLOGY REVIEWS 2014; 32:121-58. [PMID: 24875441 PMCID: PMC5712441 DOI: 10.1080/10590501.2014.907460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to comprehensively summarize the recent achievements in the field of toxicogenomics and cancer research regarding genetic-environmental interactions in carcinogenesis and detection of genetic aberrations in cancer genomes by next-generation sequencing technology. Cancer is primarily a genetic disease in which genetic factors and environmental stimuli interact to cause genetic and epigenetic aberrations in human cells. Mutations in the germline act as either high-penetrance alleles that strongly increase the risk of cancer development, or as low-penetrance alleles that mildly change an individual's susceptibility to cancer. Somatic mutations, resulting from either DNA damage induced by exposure to environmental mutagens or from spontaneous errors in DNA replication or repair are involved in the development or progression of the cancer. Induced or spontaneous changes in the epigenome may also drive carcinogenesis. Advances in next-generation sequencing technology provide us opportunities to accurately, economically, and rapidly identify genetic variants, somatic mutations, gene expression profiles, and epigenetic alterations with single-base resolution. Whole genome sequencing, whole exome sequencing, and RNA sequencing of paired cancer and adjacent normal tissue present a comprehensive picture of the cancer genome. These new findings should benefit public health by providing insights in understanding cancer biology, and in improving cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baitang Ning
- National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Zhenqiang Su
- National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Nan Mei
- National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Huixiao Hong
- National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Helen Deng
- Arkansas Department of Health and Human Service, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Leming Shi
- National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Pudong District, Shanghai, China
| | - James C. Fuscoe
- National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - William H. Tolleson
- National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
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Sun H, Shamy M, Costa M. Nickel and epigenetic gene silencing. Genes (Basel) 2013; 4:583-95. [PMID: 24705264 PMCID: PMC3927569 DOI: 10.3390/genes4040583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Insoluble nickel compounds are well-established human carcinogens. Occupational exposure to these compounds leads to increased incidence of lung and nasal cancer in nickel refinery workers. Apart from its weak mutagenic activity and hypoxia mimicking effect there is mounting experimental evidence indicating that epigenetic alteration plays an important role in nickel-induced carcinogenesis. Multiple epigenetic mechanisms have been identified to mediate nickel-induced gene silencing. Nickel ion is able to induce heterochromatinization by binding to DNA-histone complexes and initiating chromatin condensation. The enzymes required for establishing or removing epigenetic marks can be targeted by nickel, leading to altered DNA methylation and histone modification landscapes. The current review will focus on the epigenetic changes that contribute to nickel-induced gene silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Sun
- Department of Environmental Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA.
| | - Magdy Shamy
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Max Costa
- Department of Environmental Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA.
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Brocato J, Costa M. Basic mechanics of DNA methylation and the unique landscape of the DNA methylome in metal-induced carcinogenesis. Crit Rev Toxicol 2013; 43:493-514. [PMID: 23844698 PMCID: PMC3871623 DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2013.794769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation plays an intricate role in the regulation of gene expression and events that compromise the integrity of the methylome may potentially contribute to disease development. DNA methylation is a reversible and regulatory modification that elicits a cascade of events leading to chromatin condensation and gene silencing. In general, normal cells are characterized by gene-specific hypomethylation and global hypermethylation, while cancer cells portray a reverse profile to this norm. The unique methylome displayed in cancer cells is induced after exposure to carcinogenic metals such as nickel, arsenic, cadmium, and chromium (VI). These metals alter the DNA methylation profile by provoking both hyper- and hypo-methylation events. The metal-stimulated deviations to the methylome are possible mechanisms for metal-induced carcinogenesis and may provide potential biomarkers for cancer detection. Development of therapies based on the cancer methylome requires further research including human studies that supply results with larger impact and higher human relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Brocato
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 57 Old Forge Road, NY 10987, USA
| | - Max Costa
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 57 Old Forge Road, NY 10987, USA
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Zhang W, Ji W, Yang L, Yao L, Wang G, Xuan A, Zhuang Z. The involvement of epigenetic silencing of Foxa2 in cellular replicative and premature senescence induced by hydrogen peroxide. Free Radic Res 2013; 47:325-32. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.773589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Ji W, Yang L, Yuan J, Yang L, Zhang M, Qi D, Duan X, Xuan A, Zhang W, Lu J, Zhuang Z, Zeng G. MicroRNA-152 targets DNA methyltransferase 1 in NiS-transformed cells via a feedback mechanism. Carcinogenesis 2012; 34:446-53. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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