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Goldman SM, Weaver FM, Gonzalez B, Stroupe KT, Cao L, Colletta K, Brown EG, Tanner CM. Parkinson's Disease Progression and Exposure to Contaminated Water at Camp Lejeune. Mov Disord 2024. [PMID: 38988230 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We recently reported an increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) in service members who resided at Marine Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, when water supplies were contaminated with trichloroethylene and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Prior studies suggest that environmental exposures may affect PD phenotype or progression, but this has not been reported for VOCs. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to test whether PD progression is faster in individuals exposed to VOCs in water at Camp Lejeune. METHODS A cohort of 172,128 marines residing at Camp Lejeune between 1975 and 1985 was previously assembled. We identified individuals with PD in Veterans Health Administration and Medicare databases between 2000 and 2021. Using estimates derived by the US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, we classified individuals as exposed or unexposed to VOCs in residential water. We used Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models to test differences between exposed and unexposed groups in the time from PD diagnosis until psychosis, fracture, fall, or death. RESULTS Among 270 persons with PD, 177 (65.6%) were exposed to VOCs in residential water. Median cumulative exposure was 4970 μg/L-months, >50-fold the permissible level. Time until psychosis, fracture, and fall were all shorter in the exposed group, with adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) exceeding 2: psychosis HR, 2.19 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.99-4.83); fracture HR, 2.44 (95% CI: 0.91-6.55); and fall HR, 2.64 (95% CI: 0.97-7.21). A significant dose response was observed for time to fall (P trend, 0.032). No differences were observed for time until death. CONCLUSIONS PD progression may be faster in persons exposed to trichloroethylene and other VOCs in water decades earlier. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel M Goldman
- Division of Occupational, Environmental, and Climate Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Research Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Frances M Weaver
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Hines Veterans Administration Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
- Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Beverly Gonzalez
- Geriatrics and Extended Care Data Analysis Center, Canandaigua VA Medical Center, Canandaigua, New York, USA
| | - Kevin T Stroupe
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Hines Veterans Administration Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
- Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Lishan Cao
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Hines Veterans Administration Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
| | - Kalea Colletta
- Movement Disorder Section, Hines Veterans Administration Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
| | - Ethan G Brown
- Research Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA
- Geriatrics and Extended Care Data Analysis Center, Canandaigua VA Medical Center, Canandaigua, New York, USA
| | - Caroline M Tanner
- Research Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA
- Geriatrics and Extended Care Data Analysis Center, Canandaigua VA Medical Center, Canandaigua, New York, USA
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Hosgood HD, Rahman ML, Blansky D, Hu W, Davitt M, Wen C, Huang Y, Tang X, Li L, Smith MT, Zhang L, Vermeulen R, Rothman N, Bassig BA, Lan Q. Targeted proteomic scan identifies alteration of serum proteins among workers occupationally exposed to low levels of trichloroethylene. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2022; 63:423-428. [PMID: 36346153 DOI: 10.1002/em.22518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Occupational exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) has been associated with alterations in B-cell activation factors and an increased risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Here, we aimed to examine the biological processes influenced by TCE exposure to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms. This cross-sectional molecular epidemiology study included data of 1317 targeted proteins in the serum from 42 TCE exposed and 34 unexposed factory workers in Guangdong, China. We used multivariable linear regressions to identify proteins associated with TCE exposure and examined their exposure-response relationship across categories of TCE exposure (unexposed, low exposed: <10 ppm, high exposed: ≥10 ppm). We further examined pathway enrichment of TCE-related proteins to understand their biological response. Occupational exposure to TCE was associated with lower levels of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17 (TNFRSF17; β = -.08; p-value = .0003) and kynureninase (KYNU; β = -.10, p-value = .002). These proteins also showed a significant exposure-response relation across the unexposed, low exposed, and high exposed workers (all p-trends < .001, false discovery rate [FDR] < 0.20). Pathway analysis of TCE-related proteins showed significant enrichment (FDR < 0.05) for several inflammatory and immune pathways. TCE exposure was associated with TNFRSF17, a key B-cell maturation antigen that mediates B-cell survival and KYNU, an enzyme that plays a role in T-cell mediated immune response. Given that altered immunity is an established risk factor for NHL, our findings support the biological plausibility of linking TCE exposure with NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Mohammad L Rahman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Deanna Blansky
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Meghan Davitt
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Cuiju Wen
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Xiaojiang Tang
- Hunan Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Laiyu Li
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Martyn T Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Luoping Zhang
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Department of IRAS, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bryan A Bassig
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Dehghani F, Yousefinejad S, Walker DI, Omidi F. Metabolomics for exposure assessment and toxicity effects of occupational pollutants: current status and future perspectives. Metabolomics 2022; 18:73. [PMID: 36083566 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-022-01930-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Work-related exposures to harmful agents or factors are associated with an increase in incidence of occupational diseases. These exposures often represent a complex mixture of different stressors, challenging the ability to delineate the mechanisms and risk factors underlying exposure-disease relationships. The use of omics measurement approaches that enable characterization of biological marker patterns provide internal indicators of molecular alterations, which could be used to identify bioeffects following exposure to a toxicant. Metabolomics is the comprehensive analysis of small molecule present in biological samples, and allows identification of potential modes of action and altered pathways by systematic measurement of metabolites. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to review the application of metabolomics studies for use in occupational health, with a focus on applying metabolomics for exposure monitoring and its relationship to occupational diseases. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus electronic databases were systematically searched for relevant studies published up to 2021. RESULTS Most of reviewed studies included worker populations exposed to heavy metals such as As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Mn and organic compounds such as tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, trichloroethylene, polyfluoroalkyl, acrylamide, polyvinyl chloride. Occupational exposures were associated with changes in metabolites and pathways, and provided novel insight into the relationship between exposure and disease outcomes. The reviewed studies demonstrate that metabolomics provides a powerful ability to identify metabolic phenotypes and bioeffect of occupational exposures. CONCLUSION Continued application to worker populations has the potential to enable characterization of thousands of chemical signals in biological samples, which could lead to discovery of new biomarkers of exposure for chemicals, identify possible toxicological mechanisms, and improved understanding of biological effects increasing disease risk associated with occupational exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Dehghani
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Research Institute for Health, Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health Shiraz, University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Yousefinejad
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Research Institute for Health, Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health Shiraz, University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Douglas I Walker
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Fariborz Omidi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Purdue M, Zhang L, Vermeulen R, Smith MT, Hu W, Rhee J, Wen C, Huang Y, Tang X, Berndt SI, Frazer-Abel AA, Deane KD, Rothman N, Lan Q. Occupational trichloroethylene exposure and antinuclear antibodies: a cross-sectional study in China. Occup Environ Med 2022; 79:717-720. [PMID: 35504721 PMCID: PMC10187559 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2022-108266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There has been concern over the possible risk of autoimmune diseases from exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE), an industrial solvent and common pollutant near hazardous waste sites. Studies of TCE-exposed lupus-prone mouse strains have reported increases in serum antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), a marker of autoimmunity, and autoimmune pathologic changes, while epidemiologic studies have provided limited support for an association between TCE exposure and scleroderma. To investigate exposure-related biologic evidence of autoimmunity in humans, we measured ANA levels in sera from a cross-sectional study of TCE-exposed (n=80) and TCE-unexposed (n=96) workers in Guangdong, China. METHODS Full-shift personal air exposure measurements for TCE were taken prior to blood collection. Serum ANAs were detected by immunofluorescence on HEp-2 cells. We calculated ORs and 95% CI relating levels of TCE exposure (categorised using tertiles as cut-points) and ANA positivity (1+ intensity at 1:320 dilution) using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Samples from 16 of 176 participants were ANA-positive. We found higher levels of TCE exposure (concentrations>17.27 ppm) to be associated with an elevated odds of ANA positivity (OR 4.7, 95% CI 1.3 to 16.8) compared with unexposed controls. This association remained after excluding two subjects with diagnosed autoimmune disease (OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.2 to 16.2). We did not observe an association with ANAs at lower exposure levels. CONCLUSIONS Our findings, to our knowledge the first direct human evidence of an association between TCE exposure and systemic autoimmunity, provide biologic plausibility to epidemiologic evidence relating TCE and autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Luoping Zhang
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martyn T Smith
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Jongeun Rhee
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Cuiju Wen
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongshun Huang
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojiang Tang
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Zhuhau BesTest Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Ashley A Frazer-Abel
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Kevin D Deane
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
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van der Laan L, Cardenas A, Vermeulen R, Fadadu RP, Hubbard AE, Phillips RV, Zhang L, Breeze C, Hu W, Wen C, Huang Y, Tang X, Smith MT, Rothman N, Lan Q. Epigenetic aging biomarkers and occupational exposure to benzene, trichloroethylene and formaldehyde. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:106871. [PMID: 34560324 PMCID: PMC9084243 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic aging biomarkers are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We evaluated if occupational exposure to three established chemical carcinogens is associated with acceleration of epigenetic aging. We studied workers in China occupationally exposed to benzene, trichloroethylene (TCE) or formaldehyde by measuring personal air exposures prior to blood collection. Unexposed controls matched by age and sex were selected from nearby factories. We measured leukocyte DNA methylation (DNAm) in peripheral white blood cells using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip to calculate five epigenetic aging clocks and DNAmTL, a biomarker associated with leukocyte telomere length and cell replication. We tested associations between exposure intensity and epigenetic age acceleration (EAA), defined as the residuals of regressing the DNAm aging biomarker on chronological age, matching factors and potential confounders. Median differences in EAA between exposure groups were tested using a permutation test with exact p-values. Epigenetic clocks were strongly correlated with age (Spearman r > 0.8) in all three occupational studies. There was a positive exposure-response relationship between benzene and the Skin-Blood Clock EAA biomarker: median EAA was -0.91 years in controls (n = 44), 0.78 years in workers exposed to <10 ppm (n = 41; mean benzene = 1.35 ppm; p = 0.034 vs. controls), and 2.10 years in workers exposed to ≥10 ppm (n = 9; mean benzene = 27.3 ppm; p = 0.019 vs. controls; ptrend = 0.0021). In the TCE study, control workers had a median Skin-Blood Clock EAA of -0.54 years (n = 71) compared to 1.63 years among workers exposed to <10 ppm of TCE (n = 27; mean TCE = 4.22 ppm; p = 0.035). We observed no evidence of EAA associations with formaldehyde exposure (39 controls, 31 exposed). Occupational benzene and TCE exposure were associated with increased epigenetic age acceleration measured by the Skin-Blood Clock. For TCE, there was some evidence of epigenetic age acceleration for lower exposures compared to controls. Our results suggest that some chemical carcinogens may accelerate epigenetic aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars van der Laan
- Divisions of Environmental Health Sciences and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way #5302, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Divisions of Environmental Health Sciences and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way #5302, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA; Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 108 Stanley Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, Utrecht, 3584CM, Netherlands
| | - Raj P Fadadu
- Divisions of Environmental Health Sciences and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way #5302, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA
| | - Alan E Hubbard
- Divisions of Environmental Health Sciences and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way #5302, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA; Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 108 Stanley Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Rachael V Phillips
- Divisions of Environmental Health Sciences and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way #5302, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA; Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 108 Stanley Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Luoping Zhang
- Divisions of Environmental Health Sciences and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way #5302, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA
| | - Charles Breeze
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Cuiju Wen
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Xiaojiang Tang
- Guangdong Medical Laboratory Animal Center, Foshan 528248, Guangdong, China
| | - Martyn T Smith
- Divisions of Environmental Health Sciences and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way #5302, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
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Odutola MK, Benke G, Fritschi L, Giles GG, van Leeuwen MT, Vajdic CM. A systematic review and meta-analysis of occupational exposures and risk of follicular lymphoma. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:110887. [PMID: 33607095 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of follicular lymphoma (FL), a common non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtype, is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies examining the relationship between occupational exposures and FL risk. METHODS We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, and Web of Science for eligible observational studies examining job titles or occupational exposures prior to January 1, 2020. We performed a narrative synthesis and used random-effects models to generate meta-estimates of relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for exposures reported by three or more studies. RESULTS Fifty-eight studies were eligible. Ten cohort and 37 case-control studies quantified FL risk in relation to any exposure to one or more occupational groups or agents. Eight cohort and 19 case-control studies examined dose-response relationships. We found evidence of a positive association with increasing plasma concentration of dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE; meta-RR = 1.51, 95%CI = 0.99, 2.31; I2 = 0.0%) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs; meta-RR = 1.47, 95%CI = 0.97, 2.24; I2 = 8.6%). We observed a positive association with exposure to any solvent (meta-RR = 1.16, 95%CI = 1.00, 1.34; I2 = 0.0%) and chlorinated solvents (meta-RR = 1.35, 95%CI = 1.09, 1.68; I2 = 0.0%). Single studies reported a significant positive dose-response association for exposure to any pesticide, hexachlorobenzene, any organophosphate, diazinon, metolachlor, carbaryl, lindane, trichloroethylene, oils/greases, and extremely low-frequency magnetic fields. Job title-only analyses suggested increased risk for medical doctors and spray painters, and decreased risk for bakers and teachers. Overall, studies demonstrated low risk of bias, but most studies examined small numbers of exposed cases. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence indicates a positive association between FL and occupational exposure to DDE, PCBs, any solvent and chlorinated solvents. Our findings may help guide policies and practices on the safe use of solvents and inform models of lymphomagenesis. Future studies with larger sample sizes and comprehensive quantitative exposure measures may elucidate other avoidable carcinogenic exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Odutola
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Geza Benke
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lin Fritschi
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marina T van Leeuwen
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claire M Vajdic
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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7
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Saberi Hosnijeh F, Kolijn PM, Casabonne D, Nieters A, Solans M, Naudin S, Ferrari P, Mckay JD, Weiderpass E, Perduca V, Besson C, Mancini FR, Masala G, Krogh V, Ricceri F, Huerta JM, Petrova D, Sala N, Trichopoulou A, Karakatsani A, La Vecchia C, Kaaks R, Canzian F, Aune D, Boeing H, Schulze MB, Perez-Cornago A, Langerak AW, van der Velden VHJ, Vermeulen R. Mediating effect of soluble B-cell activation immune markers on the association between anthropometric and lifestyle factors and lymphoma development. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13814. [PMID: 32796953 PMCID: PMC7429856 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70790-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustained B-cell activation is an important mechanism contributing to B-cell lymphoma (BCL). We aimed to validate four previously reported B-cell activation markers predictive of BCL risk (sCD23, sCD27, sCD30, and CXCL13) and to examine their possible mediating effects on the association between anthropometric and lifestyle factors and major BCL subtypes. Pre-diagnostic serum levels were measured for 517 BCL cases and 525 controls in a nested case-control study. The odds ratios of BCL were 6.2 in the highest versus lowest quartile for sCD23, 2.6 for sCD30, 4.2 for sCD27, and 2.6 for CXCL13. Higher levels of all markers were associated with increased risk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), follicular lymphoma (FL), and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Following mutual adjustment for the other immune markers, sCD23 remained associated with all subtypes and CXCL13 with FL and DLBCL. The associations of sCD23 with CLL and DLBCL and CXCL13 with DLBCL persisted among cases sampled > 9 years before diagnosis. sCD23 showed a good predictive ability (area under the curve = 0.80) for CLL, in particular among older, male participants. sCD23 and CXCL13 showed a mediating effect between body mass index (positive) and DLBCL risk, while CXCL13 contributed to the association between physical activity (inverse) and DLBCL. Our data suggest a role of B-cell activation in BCL development and a mediating role of the immune system for lifestyle factors.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Biomarkers
- Body Mass Index
- Case-Control Studies
- Chemokine CXCL13
- Cohort Studies
- Exercise/physiology
- Female
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Life Style
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Lymphoma, Follicular/etiology
- Lymphoma, Follicular/immunology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/etiology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/immunology
- Male
- Prospective Studies
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Saberi Hosnijeh
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80178, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Pieter M Kolijn
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Delphine Casabonne
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y. Salud Pública, M.P. (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Infections and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research PRogramme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Alexandra Nieters
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Institute for Immunodeficiency, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marta Solans
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y. Salud Pública, M.P. (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Sabine Naudin
- Nutritional Methodology and Biostatistics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- Nutritional Methodology and Biostatistics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - James D Mckay
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer- World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Vittorio Perduca
- CNRS, MAP5 UMR 8145, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France
- CESP, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac de Médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Caroline Besson
- CESP, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac de Médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital of Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Francesca Romana Mancini
- CESP, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac de Médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network - ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL, Turin, Italy
| | - José M Huerta
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dafina Petrova
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Núria Sala
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program and Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Anna Karakatsani
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Pulmonary Medicine Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "ATTIKON" University Hospital, Haidari, Greece
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Federico Canzian
- Research Group Genomic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Nutrition, Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anton W Langerak
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent H J van der Velden
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80178, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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8
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Byrum SD, Washam CL, Patterson JD, Vyas KK, Gilbert KM, Blossom SJ. Continuous Developmental and Early Life Trichloroethylene Exposure Promoted DNA Methylation Alterations in Polycomb Protein Binding Sites in Effector/Memory CD4 + T Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2016. [PMID: 31555266 PMCID: PMC6724578 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is an industrial solvent and drinking water pollutant associated with CD4+ T cell-mediated autoimmunity. In our mouse model, discontinuation of TCE exposure during adulthood after developmental exposure did not prevent immunotoxicity. To determine whether persistent effects were linked to epigenetic changes we conducted whole genome reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) to evaluate methylation of CpG sites in autosomal chromosomes in activated effector/memory CD4+ T cells. Female MRL+/+ mice were exposed to vehicle control or TCE in the drinking water from gestation until ~37 weeks of age [postnatal day (PND) 259]. In a subset of mice, TCE exposure was discontinued at ~22 weeks of age (PND 154). At PND 259, RRBS assessment revealed more global methylation changes in the continuous exposure group vs. the discontinuous exposure group. A majority of the differentially methylated CpG regions (DMRs) across promoters, islands, and regulatory elements were hypermethylated (~90%). However, continuous developmental TCE exposure altered the methylation of 274 CpG sites in promoters and CpG islands. In contrast, only 4 CpG island regions were differentially methylated (hypermethylated) in the discontinuous group. Interestingly, 2 of these 4 sites were also hypermethylated in the continuous exposure group, and both of these island regions are associated with lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27) involved in polycomb complex-dependent transcriptional repression via H3K27 tri-methylation. CpG sites were overlapped with the Open Regulatory Annotation database. Unlike the discontinuous group, continuous TCE treatment resulted in 129 DMRs including 12 unique transcription factors and regulatory elements; 80% of which were enriched for one or more polycomb group (PcG) protein binding regions (i.e., SUZ12, EZH2, JARID2, and MTF2). Pathway analysis of the DMRs indicated that TCE primarily altered the methylation of genes associated with regulation of cellular metabolism and cell signaling. The results demonstrated that continuous developmental exposure to TCE differentially methylated binding sites of PcG proteins in effector/memory CD4+ cells. There were minimal yet potentially biologically significant effects that occurred when exposure was discontinued. These results point toward a novel mechanism by which chronic developmental TCE exposure may alter terminally differentiated CD4+ T cell function in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie D Byrum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Charity L Washam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - John D Patterson
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Kanan K Vyas
- Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Kathleen M Gilbert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Sarah J Blossom
- Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
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9
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Phillips RV, Rieswijk L, Hubbard AE, Vermeulen R, Zhang J, Hu W, Li L, Bassig BA, Wong JYY, Reiss B, Huang Y, Wen C, Purdue M, Tang X, Zhang L, Smith MT, Rothman N, Lan Q. Human exposure to trichloroethylene is associated with increased variability of blood DNA methylation that is enriched in genes and pathways related to autoimmune disease and cancer. Epigenetics 2019; 14:1112-1124. [PMID: 31241004 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1633866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) is linked to kidney cancer, autoimmune diseases, and probably non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Additionally, TCE exposed mice and cell cultures show altered DNA methylation. To evaluate associations between TCE exposure and DNA methylation in humans, we conducted an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) in TCE exposed workers using the HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Across individual CpG probes, genomic regions, and globally (i.e., the 450K methylome), we investigated differences in mean DNA methylation and differences in variability of DNA methylation between 73 control (< 0.005 ppm TCE), 30 lower exposed (< 10 ppm TCE), and 37 higher exposed ( ≥ 10 ppm TCE) subjects' white blood cells. We found that TCE exposure increased methylation variation globally (Kruskal-Wallis p-value = 3.75e-3) and in 25 CpG sites at a genome-wide significance level (Bonferroni p-value < 0.05). We identified a 609 basepair region in the TRIM68 gene promoter that exhibited hypomethylation with increased exposure to TCE (FWER = 1.20e-2). Also, genes that matched to differentially variable CpGs were enriched in the 'focal adhesion' biological pathway (p-value = 2.80e-2). All in all, human exposure to TCE was associated with epigenetic alterations in genes involved in cell-matrix adhesions and interferon subtype expression, which are important in the development of autoimmune diseases; and in genes related to cancer development. These results suggest that DNA methylation may play a role in the pathogenesis of TCE exposure-related diseases and that TCE exposure may contribute to epigenetic drift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael V Phillips
- School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley , CA , USA
| | - Linda Rieswijk
- School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley , CA , USA
| | - Alan E Hubbard
- School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley , CA , USA
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, University of Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Jinming Zhang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute , Rockville , MD , USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute , Rockville , MD , USA
| | - Laiyu Li
- Guangdong Poisoning Control Center , Guangzhou , China
| | - Bryan A Bassig
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute , Rockville , MD , USA
| | - Jason Y Y Wong
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute , Rockville , MD , USA
| | - Boris Reiss
- Department of Community, Environment and Policy, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona , Tucson , AZ , USA
| | | | - Cuiju Wen
- Guangdong Poisoning Control Center , Guangzhou , China
| | - Mark Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute , Rockville , MD , USA
| | - Xiaojiang Tang
- Guangdong Medical Laboratory Animal Center , Guangdong , China
| | - Luoping Zhang
- School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley , CA , USA
| | - Martyn T Smith
- School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley , CA , USA
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute , Rockville , MD , USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute , Rockville , MD , USA
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10
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Lee KM, Bassig BA, Zhang L, Vermeulen RC, Hu W, Wong JYY, Qiu C, Wen C, Huang Y, Purdue MP, Ji BT, Li L, Tang X, Rothman N, Smith MT, Lan Q. Association between occupational exposure to trichloroethylene and serum levels of microRNAs: a cross-sectional molecular epidemiology study in China. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2019; 92:1077-1085. [PMID: 31161417 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-019-01448-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of our study was to evaluate the association between occupational exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE), a suspected lymphomagen, and serum levels of miRNAs in a cross-sectional molecular epidemiology study of TCE-exposed workers and comparable unexposed controls in China. METHODS Serum levels of 40 miRNAs were compared in 74 workers exposed to TCE (median: 12 ppm) and 90 unexposed control workers. Linear regression models were used to test for differences in serum miRNA levels between exposed and unexposed workers and to evaluate exposure-response relationships across TCE exposure categories using a three-level ordinal variable [i.e., unexposed, < 12 ppm, the median value among workers exposed to TCE) and ≥ 12 ppm)]. Models were adjusted for sex, age, current smoking, current alcohol use, and recent infection. RESULTS Seven miRNAs showed significant differences between exposed and unexposed workers at FDR (false discovery rate) < 0.20. miR-150-5p and let-7b-5p also showed significant inverse exposure-response associations with TCE exposure (Ptrend= 0.002 and 0.03, respectively). The % differences in serum levels of miR-150-5p relative to unexposed controls were - 13% and - 20% among workers exposed to < 12 ppm and ≥ 12 ppm TCE, respectively. CONCLUSIONS miR-150-5p is involved in B cell receptor pathways and let-7b-5p plays a role in the innate immune response processes that are potentially important in the etiology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Further studies are needed to replicate these findings and to directly test the association between serum levels of these miRNAs and risk of NHL in prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Mu Lee
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Department of Environmental Health, Korea National Open University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Bryan A Bassig
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Roel C Vermeulen
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Services, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Hu
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jason Y Y Wong
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chuangyi Qiu
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuiju Wen
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Mark P Purdue
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bu-Tian Ji
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laiyu Li
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojiang Tang
- Guangdong Medical Laboratory Animal Center, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Martyn T Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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11
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12
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Walker DI, Valvi D, Rothman N, Lan Q, Miller GW, Jones DP. The metabolome: A key measure for exposome research in epidemiology. CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2019; 6:93-103. [PMID: 31828002 PMCID: PMC6905435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Application of omics to study human health has created a new era of opportunities for epidemiology research. However, approaches to characterize exogenous health triggers have largely not leveraged advances in analytical platforms and big data. In this review, we highlight the exposome, which is defined as the cumulative measure of exposure and biological responses across a lifetime as a cornerstone for new epidemiology approaches to study complex and preventable human diseases. RECENT FINDINGS While no universal approach exists to measure the entirety of the exposome, use of high-resolution mass spectrometry methods provide distinct advantages over traditional biomonitoring and have provided key advances necessary for exposome research. Application to different study designs and recommendations for combining exposome data with novel data analytic frameworks to study complex interactions of multiple stressors are also discussed. SUMMARY Even though challenges still need to be addressed, advances in methods to characterize the exposome provide exciting new opportunities for epidemiology to support fundamental discoveries to improve public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas I. Walker
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Damaskini Valvi
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston MA, United States
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Qing Lan
- Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Gary W. Miller
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York NY
| | - Dean P. Jones
- Clinical Biomarkers Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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13
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Lee KM, Zhang L, Vermeulen R, Hu W, Bassig BA, Wong JJ, Qiu C, Purdue M, Wen C, Walker DI, Jones DP, Li L, Huang Y, Rothman N, Smith MT, Lan Q. Alterations in immune and renal biomarkers among workers occupationally exposed to low levels of trichloroethylene below current regulatory standards. Occup Environ Med 2019; 76:376-381. [PMID: 30971425 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2018-105583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The occupational exposure limit for trichloroethylene (TCE) in different countries varies from 1 to 100 ppm as an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA). Many countries currently use 10 ppm as the regulatory standard for occupational exposures, but the biological effects in humans at this level of exposure remain unclear. The objective of our study was to evaluate alterations in immune and renal biomarkers among workers occupationally exposed to low levels of TCE below current regulatory standards. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional molecular epidemiology study of 80 healthy workers exposed to a wide range of TCE (ie, 0.4-229 ppm) and 96 comparable unexposed controls in China, and previously reported that TCE exposure was associated with multiple candidate biological markers related to immune function and kidney toxicity. Here, we conducted further analyses of all of the 31 biomarkers that we have measured to determine the magnitude and statistical significance of changes in the subgroup of workers (n=35) exposed to <10 ppm TCE compared with controls. RESULTS Six immune biomarkers (ie, CD4+ effector memory T cells, sCD27, sCD30, interleukin-10, IgG and IgM) were significantly decreased (% difference ranged from -16.0% to -72.1%) and one kidney toxicity marker (kidney injury molecule-1, KIM-1) was significantly increased (% difference: +52.5%) among workers exposed to <10 ppm compared with the control group. These associations remained noteworthy after taking into account multiple comparisons using the false discovery rate (ie, <0.20). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that occupational exposure to TCE below 10 ppm as an 8-hour TWA may alter levels of key markers of immune function and kidney toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Mu Lee
- Department of Environmental Health, Korea National Open University, Seoul, The Republic of Korea.,Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Luoping Zhang
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Department of IRAS, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Hu
- National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Jason Jj Wong
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Chuangyi Qiu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, Maryland, USA.,Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Cuiju Wen
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Douglas I Walker
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Laiyu Li
- Guangdong Medical Laboratory Animal Center, Foshan City, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Martyn T Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Georgia, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, Maryland, USA
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14
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Niedzwiecki MM, Walker DI, Vermeulen R, Chadeau-Hyam M, Jones DP, Miller GW. The Exposome: Molecules to Populations. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 59:107-127. [PMID: 30095351 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010818-021315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Derived from the term exposure, the exposome is an omic-scale characterization of the nongenetic drivers of health and disease. With the genome, it defines the phenome of an individual. The measurement of complex environmental factors that exert pressure on our health has not kept pace with genomics and historically has not provided a similar level of resolution. Emerging technologies make it possible to obtain detailed information on drugs, toxicants, pollutants, nutrients, and physical and psychological stressors on an omic scale. These forces can also be assessed at systems and network levels, providing a framework for advances in pharmacology and toxicology. The exposome paradigm can improve the analysis of drug interactions and detection of adverse effects of drugs and toxicants and provide data on biological responses to exposures. The comprehensive model can provide data at the individual level for precision medicine, group level for clinical trials, and population level for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Niedzwiecki
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; ,
| | - Douglas I Walker
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; ,
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
- Clinical Biomarkers Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA;
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, Netherlands;
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 Utrecht, Netherlands
- MRC/PHE Centre for Environmental Health, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, W2 1PG London, United Kingdom;
| | - Marc Chadeau-Hyam
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, Netherlands;
- MRC/PHE Centre for Environmental Health, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, W2 1PG London, United Kingdom;
| | - Dean P Jones
- Clinical Biomarkers Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA;
| | - Gary W Miller
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
- Current affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
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15
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Khare S, Gokulan K, Williams K, Bai S, Gilbert KM, Blossom SJ. Irreversible effects of trichloroethylene on the gut microbial community and gut-associated immune responses in autoimmune-prone mice. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 39:209-220. [PMID: 30187502 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The developing immune system is particularly sensitive to immunotoxicants. This study assessed trichloroethylene (TCE)-induced effects on the gut microbiome and cytokine production during the development in mice. Mice were exposed to TCE (0.05 or 500 μg/mL) at the levels that approximate to environmental or occupational exposure, respectively. Mice were subjected to a continuous developmental exposure to these doses encompassing gestation, lactation and continuing directly in the drinking water postnatally for 154 days (PND154) or PND259. To observe persistence of the effect TCE was removed from the drinking water in a subset of mice on PND154 and were provided regular drinking water until the study terminus (PND259). Abundance of total tissue-associated bacteria reduced only in mice exposed to TCE until PND259. The ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes did not alter during this continuos exposure; however, cessation of high-dose TCE at PND154 resulted in the increased abundance Bacteroidetes at PND259. Furthermore, high-dose TCE exposure until PND259 resulted in a lower abundance of the genera Bacteroides and Lactobaccilus and increased abundance of genus Bifidobactrium and bacterial family Enterobacteriaceae. TCE exposure until PND154 showed significant changes in the production of interleukin-33; that might play a dual role in maintaining the balance and homeostasis between commensal microbiota and mucosal health. At PND259, interleukin-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and Eotaxin were altered in both, the continuous exposure and cessation groups, whereas only a cessation group had a higher level of KC that may facilitate infiltration of neutrophils. The irreversible effects of TCE after a period of exposure cessation suggested a unique programming and potential toxicity of TCE even at the environmental level exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Khare
- Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Kuppan Gokulan
- Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Katherine Williams
- Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Shasha Bai
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA
| | - Kathleen M Gilbert
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA
| | - Sarah J Blossom
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA
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16
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Xueqin Y, Wenxue L, Peimao L, Wen Z, Xianqing H, Zhixiong Z. Cytokine expression and cytokine-based T-cell profiling in occupational medicamentosa-like dermatitis due to trichloroethylene. Toxicol Lett 2018; 288:129-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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17
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Tachachartvanich P, Sangsuwan R, Ruiz HS, Sanchez SS, Durkin KA, Zhang L, Smith MT. Assessment of the Endocrine-Disrupting Effects of Trichloroethylene and Its Metabolites Using in Vitro and in Silico Approaches. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:1542-1550. [PMID: 29294279 PMCID: PMC6290898 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant, which may have effects on both ecosystem and human health. TCE has been reported to cause several toxic effects, but little effort has been made to assess the ecological risks of TCE or its major metabolites: trichloroethanol (TCOH), trichloroacetic acid, and oxalic acid (OA). In this study, the endocrine-disrupting potential of TCE and its metabolites were investigated using in vitro and in silico approaches. We examined alterations in the steroidogenesis pathway using the NCI-H295R cell line and utilized receptor-mediated luciferase reporter cell lines to identify effects on estrogen and androgen receptors. Molecular docking was also used to explore chemical interactions with these receptors. All test chemicals except OA significantly increased 17β-estradiol production which can be attributed to an up-regulation of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Moreover, TCOH exhibited significant antiestrogenic activity with a RIC20 (20% relative inhibitory concentration) of 3.7 × 10-7 M. Molecular docking simulation supported this finding with lower docking scores for TCOH, indicating that hydrogen bonds may stabilize the interaction between TCOH and the estrogen receptor binding pocket. These findings suggest that TCE contamination poses an endocrine-disrupting threat, which has implications for both ecological and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phum Tachachartvanich
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Rapeepat Sangsuwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Heather S. Ruiz
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sylvia S. Sanchez
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Kathleen A. Durkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Martyn T. Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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18
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Blossom SJ, Gilbert KM. Epigenetic underpinnings of developmental immunotoxicity and autoimmune disease. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2017; 10:23-30. [PMID: 30613805 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The concordance rate for developing autoimmune disease in identical twins is around 50% demonstrating that gene and environmental interactions contribute to disease etiology. The environmental contribution to autoimmune disease is a wide-ranging concept including exposure to immunotoxic environmental chemicals. Because the immune system is immature during development suggests that adult-onset autoimmunity may originate when the immune system is particularly sensitive. Among the pollutants most closely associated with inflammation and/or autoimmunity include Bisphenol-A, mercury, TCDD, and trichloroethylene. These toxicants have been shown to impart epigenetic changes (e.g., DNA methylation) that may alter immune function and promote autoreactivity. Here we review these autoimmune-promoting toxicants and their relation to immune cell epigenetics both in terms of adult and developmental exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Blossom
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, 13 Children's Way, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Kathleen M Gilbert
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, 13 Children's Way, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
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19
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Zhang JX, Li N, Wang H, Shen T, Zhu QX. The immune response in trichloroethylene hypersensitivity syndrome: A review. Toxicol Ind Health 2017; 33:876-883. [PMID: 29020883 DOI: 10.1177/0748233717731213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) has been used for a variety of industrial and consumer cleaning purposes because of its ability to dissolve organic substances. The multisystem injuries include those of skin, liver, and kidney, which are defined as TCE hypersensitivity syndrome (THS). THS is a serious occupational health issue. However, the mechanism of immune dysfunction leading to organ injury is poorly understood. Many studies reveal that skin lesions and organ injury caused by TCE are consistent with type IV hypersensitivity, also called delayed hypersensitivity, mediated by T cells. However, many researchers found T cell-mediated type IV hypersensitivity could not account for the pathogenesis of THS fully. Humoral immunity, including immunoglobulins and complement activation, may also play a possible role in THS pathogenesis. This review will describe the history, current understanding, and future research directions of the mechanism of THS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xiang Zhang
- 1 Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China.,2 Department of Occupational Health and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Na Li
- 2 Department of Occupational Health and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Wang
- 3 Department of Nutrition, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Tong Shen
- 2 Department of Occupational Health and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Qi-Xing Zhu
- 1 Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
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20
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Ordaz JD, Damayanti NP, Irudayaraj JMK. Toxicological effects of trichloroethylene exposure on immune disorders. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2017; 39:305-317. [PMID: 28828896 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2017.1364262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is one of the most common ground water contaminants in USA. Even though recent regulation mandates restricted utilization of TCE, its use is not completely prohibited, especially in industrial and manufacturing processes. The risk of TCE on human health is an ongoing field of study and its implications on certain diseases such as cancer has been recognized and well-documented. However, the link between TCE and immune disorders is still an under-studied area. Studies on the risk of TCE on the immune system is usually focused on certain immune class disorders, but consensus on the impact of TCE on the immune system has not been established. This review presents representative work that investigates the effect of TCE on immune disorders and highlights future opportunities. We attempt to provide a broader perspective of the risks of TCE on the immune system and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josue D Ordaz
- a Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering , Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , USA.,b Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis , IN , USA
| | - Nur P Damayanti
- a Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering , Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , USA.,b Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis , IN , USA
| | - Joseph M K Irudayaraj
- a Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering , Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , USA
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21
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Walker DI, Uppal K, Zhang L, Vermeulen R, Smith M, Hu W, Purdue MP, Tang X, Reiss B, Kim S, Li L, Huang H, Pennell KD, Jones DP, Rothman N, Lan Q. High-resolution metabolomics of occupational exposure to trichloroethylene. Int J Epidemiol 2016; 45:1517-1527. [PMID: 27707868 PMCID: PMC5100622 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyw218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Occupational exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) has been linked to adverse health outcomes including non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and kidney and liver cancer; however, TCE’s mode of action for development of these diseases in humans is not well understood. Methods: Non-targeted metabolomics analysis of plasma obtained from 80 TCE-exposed workers [full shift exposure range of 0.4 to 230 parts-per-million of air (ppma)] and 95 matched controls were completed by ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry. Biological response to TCE exposure was determined using a metabolome-wide association study (MWAS) framework, with metabolic changes and plasma TCE metabolites evaluated by dose-response and pathway enrichment. Biological perturbations were then linked to immunological, renal and exposure molecular markers measured in the same population. Results: Metabolic features associated with TCE exposure included known TCE metabolites, unidentifiable chlorinated compounds and endogenous metabolites. Exposure resulted in a systemic response in endogenous metabolism, including disruption in purine catabolism and decreases in sulphur amino acid and bile acid biosynthesis pathways. Metabolite associations with TCE exposure included uric acid (β = 0.13, P-value = 3.6 × 10−5), glutamine (β = 0.08, P-value = 0.0013), cystine (β = 0.75, P-value = 0.0022), methylthioadenosine (β = −1.6, P-value = 0.0043), taurine (β = −2.4, P-value = 0.0011) and chenodeoxycholic acid (β = −1.3, P-value = 0.0039), which are consistent with known toxic effects of TCE, including immunosuppression, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Correlation with additional exposure markers and physiological endpoints supported known disease associations. Conclusions: High-resolution metabolomics correlates measured occupational exposure to internal dose and metabolic response, providing insight into molecular mechanisms of exposure-related disease aetiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas I Walker
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA, .,Deptartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Karan Uppal
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Luoping Zhang
- Environmental Health Sciences, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martyn Smith
- Environmental Health Sciences, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaojiang Tang
- Guangdong Medical Laboratory Animal Center, Guangdong, China
| | - Boris Reiss
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA and
| | - Sungkyoon Kim
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Laiyu Li
- Guangdong Medical Laboratory Animal Center, Guangdong, China
| | - Hanlin Huang
- Guangdong Medical Laboratory Animal Center, Guangdong, China
| | - Kurt D Pennell
- Deptartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA.,Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dean P Jones
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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22
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Cichocki JA, Guyton KZ, Guha N, Chiu WA, Rusyn I, Lash LH. Target Organ Metabolism, Toxicity, and Mechanisms of Trichloroethylene and Perchloroethylene: Key Similarities, Differences, and Data Gaps. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2016; 359:110-23. [PMID: 27511820 PMCID: PMC5034707 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.232629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) and perchloroethylene or tetrachloroethylene (PCE) are high-production volume chemicals with numerous industrial applications. As a consequence of their widespread use, these chemicals are ubiquitous environmental contaminants to which the general population is commonly exposed. It is widely assumed that TCE and PCE are toxicologically similar; both are simple olefins with three (TCE) or four (PCE) chlorines. Nonetheless, despite decades of research on the adverse health effects of TCE or PCE, few studies have directly compared these two toxicants. Although the metabolic pathways are qualitatively similar, quantitative differences in the flux and yield of metabolites exist. Recent human health assessments have uncovered some overlap in target organs that are affected by exposure to TCE or PCE, and divergent species- and sex-specificity with regard to cancer and noncancer hazards. The objective of this minireview is to highlight key similarities, differences, and data gaps in target organ metabolism and mechanism of toxicity. The main anticipated outcome of this review is to encourage research to 1) directly compare the responses to TCE and PCE using more sensitive biochemical techniques and robust statistical comparisons; 2) more closely examine interindividual variability in the relationship between toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics for TCE and PCE; 3) elucidate the effect of coexposure to these two toxicants; and 4) explore new mechanisms for target organ toxicity associated with TCE and/or PCE exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Cichocki
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.A.C., W.A.C., I.R.); International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (K.Z.G., N.G.); Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (L.H.L.)
| | - Kathryn Z Guyton
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.A.C., W.A.C., I.R.); International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (K.Z.G., N.G.); Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (L.H.L.)
| | - Neela Guha
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.A.C., W.A.C., I.R.); International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (K.Z.G., N.G.); Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (L.H.L.)
| | - Weihsueh A Chiu
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.A.C., W.A.C., I.R.); International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (K.Z.G., N.G.); Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (L.H.L.)
| | - Ivan Rusyn
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.A.C., W.A.C., I.R.); International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (K.Z.G., N.G.); Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (L.H.L.)
| | - Lawrence H Lash
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.A.C., W.A.C., I.R.); International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (K.Z.G., N.G.); Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (L.H.L.)
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23
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Walker DI, Mallon T, Hopke PK, Uppal K, Go YM, Rohrbeck P, Pennell KD, Jones DP. Deployment-Associated Exposure Surveillance With High-Resolution Metabolomics. J Occup Environ Med 2016; 58:S12-21. [PMID: 27501099 PMCID: PMC4978191 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of high-resolution metabolomics (HRM) for measure of internal exposure and effect biomarkers from deployment-related environmental hazards. METHODS HRM provides extensive coverage of metabolism and data relevant to a broad spectrum of environmental exposures. This review briefly describes the analytic platform, workflow, and recent applications of HRM as a prototype environmental exposure surveillance system. RESULTS Building upon techniques available for contemporary occupational medicine and exposure sciences, HRM methods are able to integrate external exposures, internal body burden of environmental agents, and relevant biological responses with health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Systematic analysis of existing Department of Defense Serum Repository samples will provide a high-quality, cross-sectional reference dataset for deployment-associated exposures while at the same time establishing a foundation for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas I. Walker
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA
| | - Timothy Mallon
- Department of Preventative Medicine & Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD
| | - Philip K. Hopke
- Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY
| | - Karan Uppal
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | - Young-Mi Go
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | | | - Kurt D. Pennell
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA
| | - Dean P. Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
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24
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Bassig BA, Zhang L, Vermeulen R, Tang X, Li G, Hu W, Guo W, Purdue MP, Yin S, Rappaport SM, Shen M, Ji Z, Qiu C, Ge Y, Hosgood HD, Reiss B, Wu B, Xie Y, Li L, Yue F, Freeman LEB, Blair A, Hayes RB, Huang H, Smith MT, Rothman N, Lan Q. Comparison of hematological alterations and markers of B-cell activation in workers exposed to benzene, formaldehyde and trichloroethylene. Carcinogenesis 2016; 37:692-700. [PMID: 27207665 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgw053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzene, formaldehyde (FA) and trichloroethylene (TCE) are ubiquitous chemicals in workplaces and the general environment. Benzene is an established myeloid leukemogen and probable lymphomagen. FA is classified as a myeloid leukemogen but has not been associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), whereas TCE has been associated with NHL but not myeloid leukemia. Epidemiologic associations between FA and myeloid leukemia, and between benzene, TCE and NHL are, however, still debated. Previously, we showed that these chemicals are associated with hematotoxicity in cross-sectional studies of factory workers in China, which included extensive personal monitoring and biological sample collection. Here, we compare and contrast patterns of hematotoxicity, monosomy 7 in myeloid progenitor cells (MPCs), and B-cell activation biomarkers across these studies to further evaluate possible mechanisms of action and consistency of effects with observed hematologic cancer risks. Workers exposed to benzene or FA, but not TCE, showed declines in cell types derived from MPCs, including granulocytes and platelets. Alterations in lymphoid cell types, including B cells and CD4+ T cells, and B-cell activation markers were apparent in workers exposed to benzene or TCE. Given that alterations in myeloid and lymphoid cell types are associated with hematological malignancies, our data provide biologic insight into the epidemiological evidence linking benzene and FA exposure with myeloid leukemia risk, and TCE and benzene exposure with NHL risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Guilan Li
- Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | | | - Weihong Guo
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Songnian Yin
- Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Stephen M Rappaport
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Zhiying Ji
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Chuangyi Qiu
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yichen Ge
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - H Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Boris Reiss
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA and
| | - Banghua Wu
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Xie
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Laiyu Li
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Yue
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Richard B Hayes
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hanlin Huang
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Martyn T Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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25
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Hosnijeh FS, Portengen L, Späth F, Bergdahl IA, Melin B, Mattiello A, Masala G, Sacerdote C, Naccarati A, Krogh V, Tumino R, Chadeau-Hyam M, Vineis P, Vermeulen R. Soluble B-cell activation marker of sCD27 and sCD30 and future risk of B-cell lymphomas: A nested case-control study and meta-analyses. Int J Cancer 2016; 138:2357-67. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Saberi Hosnijeh
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine; Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Lutzen Portengen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Florentin Späth
- Department of Radiation Sciences; Oncology, Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - Ingvar A. Bergdahl
- Department of Biobank Research; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - Beatrice Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences; Oncology, Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - Amalia Mattiello
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery; Federico II University; Naples Italy
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit; Cancer Research and Prevention Institute-ISPO; Florence Italy
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, AO Citta' Della Salute E Della Scienza; University of Turin and Center for Cancer Prevention; Turin Italy
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Unit of Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology; Human Genetics Foundation-HUGEF; Turin Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori; Milan Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit; “CIVIC-M.P.AREZZO” Hospital; ASP Ragusa Italy
| | - Marc Chadeau-Hyam
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health; Imperial College London; London United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Unit of Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology; Human Genetics Foundation-HUGEF; Turin Italy
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health; Imperial College London; London United Kingdom
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health; Imperial College London; London United Kingdom
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26
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Ishii K, Birmann BM, Zhang X, Giovannucci E, Bertrand KA. A prospective analysis of blood donation history and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 57:1423-8. [PMID: 26373836 PMCID: PMC4834062 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1091928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Blood donation may influence subsequent NHL development via temporary immune system alterations. To test the hypothesis that frequent blood donation is associated with an increased risk of NHL and its most common histologic subtypes, this study followed 36 576 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS), who provided information on frequency of blood donation in the past 30 years in 1992. This study confirmed 544 incident cases of NHL through 2010. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazards ratios (HR) and 95% CI for the risk of all NHL and major NHL histologic subtypes associated with number of blood donations. In this prospective study, there was no significant evidence of an association between blood donation frequency and incidence of NHL (age-adjusted HR = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.94-1.68, comparing > 20 donations vs 0 donations over 30 years, p for trend = 0.18) or of any major NHL subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazusa Ishii
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Brenda M. Birmann
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Kimberly A. Bertrand
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115
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27
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Lymphome B chez un agent de maintenance. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Trichloroethylene and Its Oxidative Metabolites Enhance the Activated State and Th1 Cytokine Gene Expression in Jurkat Cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:10575-86. [PMID: 26343699 PMCID: PMC4586629 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120910575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is an occupational and ubiquitous environmental contaminant, and TCE exposure will increase the risk of autoimmune diseases and allergic diseases. T cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of TCE-related immune disorders, but the effect of TCE and its oxidative metabolites, trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and dichloroacetic acid (DCA), on the activation of human T cells is still unknown. In this study, Jurkat cells were pre-treated with TCE, TCA and DCA overnight and then stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin for another 4, 8 and 24 hours. IL-2 secretion was detected by ELISA; the expressions of CD25 and CD69 were tested by flow cytometry; and IFN-γ and IL-2 mRNA expression levels were investigated by real-time PCR. The results showed that TCE and its oxidative metabolites, TCA and DCA, significantly enhanced IL-2 releasing and the expression of T cell activation markers, CD25 and CD69. Consistent with this result, these compounds markedly up-regulated the expression levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 mRNA. Collectively, these findings suggest that TCE and its metabolites, TCA and DCA, might enhance the activation of T cells and disrupt various activities of peripheral T cells.
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29
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Hong WX, Huang A, Lin S, Yang X, Yang L, Zhou L, Huang H, Wu D, Huang X, Xu H, Liu J. Differential expression profile of membrane proteins in L-02 cells exposed to trichloroethylene. Toxicol Ind Health 2015; 32:1774-83. [PMID: 26045551 DOI: 10.1177/0748233715588438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE), a halogenated organic solvent widely used in industries, is known to cause severe hepatotoxicity. However, the mechanisms underlying TCE hepatotoxicity are still not well understood. It is predicted that membrane proteins are responsible for key biological functions, and recent studies have revealed that TCE exposure can induce abnormal levels of membrane proteins in body fluids and cultured cells. The aim of this study is to investigate the TCE-induced alterations of membrane proteins profiles in human hepatic L-02 liver cells. A comparative membrane proteomics analysis was performed in combination with two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 15 proteins were identified as differentially expressed (4 upregulated and 11 downregulated) between TCE-treated cells and normal controls. Among this, 14 of them are suggested as membrane-associated proteins by their transmembrane domain and/or subcellular location. Furthermore, the differential expression of β subunit of adenosine triphosphate synthase (ATP5B) and prolyl 4-hydroxylase, β polypeptide (P4HB) were verified by Western blot analysis in TCE-treated L-02 cells. Our work not only reveals the association between TCE exposure and altered expression of membrane proteins but also provides a novel strategy to discover membrane biomarkers and elucidate the potential mechanisms involving with membrane proteins response to chemical-induced toxic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xu Hong
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Medical Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Medical Key Laboratory of Health Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Aibo Huang
- Pharmacy College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Lin
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Population and Family Planning, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Medical Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Medical Key Laboratory of Health Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Linqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Medical Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Medical Key Laboratory of Health Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Medical Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Medical Key Laboratory of Health Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Medical Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Medical Key Laboratory of Health Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Desheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Medical Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Medical Key Laboratory of Health Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinfeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Medical Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Medical Key Laboratory of Health Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Pharmacy College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Medical Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Medical Key Laboratory of Health Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
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Friesen MC, Locke SJ, Chen YC, Coble JB, Stewart PA, Ji BT, Bassig B, Lu W, Xue S, Chow WH, Lan Q, Purdue MP, Rothman N, Vermeulen R. Historical occupational trichloroethylene air concentrations based on inspection measurements from Shanghai, China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 59:62-78. [PMID: 25180291 DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/meu066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a carcinogen that has been linked to kidney cancer and possibly other cancer sites including non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Its use in China has increased since the early 1990s with China's growing metal, electronic, and telecommunications industries. We examined historical occupational TCE air concentration patterns in a database of TCE inspection measurements collected in Shanghai, China to identify temporal trends and broad contrasts among occupations and industries. METHODS Using a database of 932 short-term, area TCE air inspection measurements collected in Shanghai worksites from 1968 through 2000 (median year 1986), we developed mixed-effects models to evaluate job-, industry-, and time-specific TCE air concentrations. RESULTS Models of TCE air concentrations from Shanghai work sites predicted that exposures decreased 5-10% per year between 1968 and 2000. Measurements collected near launderers and dry cleaners had the highest predicted geometric means (GM for 1986 = 150-190 mg m(-3)). The majority (53%) of the measurements were collected in metal treatment jobs. In a model restricted to measurements in metal treatment jobs, predicted GMs for 1986 varied 35-fold across industries, from 11 mg m(-3) in 'other metal products/repair' industries to 390 mg m(-3) in 'ships/aircrafts' industries. CONCLUSIONS TCE workplace air concentrations appeared to have dropped over time in Shanghai, China between 1968 and 2000. Understanding differences in TCE concentrations across time, occupations, and industries may assist future epidemiologic studies in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa C Friesen
- 1.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-7240, USA
| | - Sarah J Locke
- 1.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-7240, USA
| | - Yu-Cheng Chen
- 1.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-7240, USA
| | - Joseph B Coble
- 1.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-7240, USA
| | - Patricia A Stewart
- 1.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-7240, USA 2.Stewart Exposure Assessments, LLC , Arlington, VA 22207, USA
| | - Bu-Tian Ji
- 1.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-7240, USA
| | - Bryan Bassig
- 1.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-7240, USA
| | - Wei Lu
- 3.Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control, 1380 Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouzheng Xue
- 1.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-7240, USA
| | - Wong-Ho Chow
- 1.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-7240, USA 4.Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- 1.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-7240, USA
| | - Mark P Purdue
- 1.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-7240, USA
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- 1.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-7240, USA
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- 5.Environmental and Occupational Health Division, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Kelly RS, Lundh T, Porta M, Bergdahl IA, Palli D, Johansson AS, Botsivali M, Vineis P, Vermeulen R, Kyrtopoulos SA, Chadeau-Hyam M. Blood erythrocyte concentrations of cadmium and lead and the risk of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma: a nested case-control study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81892. [PMID: 24312375 PMCID: PMC3842971 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are hypothesised to be risk factors for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), a group of haematological malignancies with a suspected environmental aetiology. Within the EnviroGenoMarkers study we utilised pre-diagnostic erythrocyte concentrations of Cd and Pb to determine whether exposure was associated with risk of B-cell NHL and multiple myeloma. METHODS 194 incident cases of B-cell NHL and 76 cases of multiple myeloma diagnosed between 1990 and 2006 were identified from two existing cohorts; EPIC-Italy and the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study. Cases were matched to healthy controls by centre, age, gender and date of blood collection. Cd and Pb were measured in blood samples provided at recruitment using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Logistic regression was applied to assess the association with risk. Analyses were stratified by cohort and gender and by subtype where possible. RESULTS There was little evidence of an increased risk of B-cell NHL or multiple myeloma with exposure to Cd (B-cell NHL: OR 1.09 95%CI 0.61, 1.93, MM: OR 1.16 95% CI: 0.40, 3.40 ) or Pb (B-cell NHL: 0.93 95% CI 0.43, 2.02, multiple myeloma: OR 1.63 95%CI 0.45, 5.94) in the total population when comparing the highest to the lowest quartile of exposure. However, gender and cohort specific differences in results were observed. In females the risk of B-cell NHL was more than doubled in those with a body burden of Cd >1 µg/L (OR 2.20 95%CI; 1.04, 4.65). CONCLUSIONS This nested case-control study does not support a consistent positive association between Cd or Pb and NHL, but there is some indication of a gender specific effect suggesting further research is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S. Kelly
- Medical Research Council-Health Protection Agency Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Lundh
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Miquel Porta
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute - IMIM, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ingvar A. Bergdahl
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Domenico Palli
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy
| | | | - Maria Botsivali
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biotechnology, Athens, Greece
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Medical Research Council-Health Protection Agency Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- HuGeF Foundation, Turin, Italy
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Soterios A. Kyrtopoulos
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biotechnology, Athens, Greece
| | - Marc Chadeau-Hyam
- Medical Research Council-Health Protection Agency Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Rusyn I, Chiu WA, Lash LH, Kromhout H, Hansen J, Guyton KZ. Trichloroethylene: Mechanistic, epidemiologic and other supporting evidence of carcinogenic hazard. Pharmacol Ther 2013; 141:55-68. [PMID: 23973663 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The chlorinated solvent trichloroethylene (TCE) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant. The carcinogenic hazard of TCE was the subject of a 2012 evaluation by a Working Group of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Information on exposures, relevant data from epidemiologic studies, bioassays in experimental animals, and toxicity and mechanism of action studies was used to conclude that TCE is carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). This article summarizes the key evidence forming the scientific bases for the IARC classification. Exposure to TCE from environmental sources (including hazardous waste sites and contaminated water) is common throughout the world. While workplace use of TCE has been declining, occupational exposures remain of concern, especially in developing countries. The strongest human evidence is from studies of occupational TCE exposure and kidney cancer. Positive, although less consistent, associations were reported for liver cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. TCE is carcinogenic at multiple sites in multiple species and strains of experimental animals. The mechanistic evidence includes extensive data on the toxicokinetics and genotoxicity of TCE and its metabolites. Together, available evidence provided a cohesive database supporting the human cancer hazard of TCE, particularly in the kidney. For other target sites of carcinogenicity, mechanistic and other data were found to be more limited. Important sources of susceptibility to TCE toxicity and carcinogenicity were also reviewed by the Working Group. In all, consideration of the multiple evidence streams presented herein informed the IARC conclusions regarding the carcinogenicity of TCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Rusyn
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Johnni Hansen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
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McHale CM, Zhang L, Thomas R, Smith MT. Analysis of the transcriptome in molecular epidemiology studies. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2013; 54:500-517. [PMID: 23907930 PMCID: PMC5142298 DOI: 10.1002/em.21798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The human transcriptome is complex, comprising multiple transcript types, mostly in the form of non-coding RNA (ncRNA). The majority of ncRNA is of the long form (lncRNA, ≥ 200 bp), which plays an important role in gene regulation through multiple mechanisms including epigenetics, chromatin modification, control of transcription factor binding, and regulation of alternative splicing. Both mRNA and ncRNA exhibit additional variability in the form of alternative splicing and RNA editing. All aspects of the human transcriptome can potentially be dysregulated by environmental exposures. Next-generation RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) is the best available methodology to measure this although it has limitations, including experimental bias. The third phase of the MicroArray Quality Control Consortium project (MAQC-III), also called Sequencing Quality Control (SeQC), aims to address these limitations through standardization of experimental and bioinformatic methodologies. A limited number of toxicogenomic studies have been conducted to date using RNA-Seq. This review describes the complexity of the human transcriptome, the application of transcriptomics by RNA-Seq or microarray in molecular epidemiology studies, and limitations of these approaches including the type of cell or tissue analyzed, experimental variation, and confounding. By using good study designs with precise, individual exposure measurements, sufficient power and incorporation of phenotypic anchors, studies in human populations can identify biomarkers of exposure and/or early effect and elucidate mechanisms of action underlying associated diseases, even at low doses. Analysis of datasets at the pathway level can compensate for some of the limitations of RNA-Seq and, as more datasets become available, will increasingly elucidate the exposure-disease continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cliona M McHale
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Genes and Environment Laboratory, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
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Cocco P, Vermeulen R, Flore V, Nonne T, Campagna M, Purdue M, Blair A, Monnereau A, Orsi L, Clavel J, Becker N, de Sanjosé S, Foretova L, Staines A, Maynadié M, Nieters A, Miligi L, 't Mannetje A, Kricker A, Brennan P, Boffetta P, Lan Q, Rothman N. Occupational exposure to trichloroethylene and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and its major subtypes: a pooled InterLymph [correction of IinterLlymph] analysis. Occup Environ Med 2013; 70:795-802. [PMID: 23881218 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2013-101551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated the association between occupational exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in a pooled analysis of four international case-control studies. METHODS Overall, the pooled study population included 3788 NHL cases and 4279 controls. Risk of NHL and its major subtypes associated with TCE exposure was calculated with unconditional logistic regression and polytomous regression analysis, adjusting by age, gender and study. RESULTS Risk of follicular lymphoma (FL), but not NHL overall or other subtypes, increased by probability (p=0.02) and intensity level (p=0.04), and with the combined analysis of four exposure metrics assumed as independent (p=0.004). After restricting the analysis to the most likely exposed study subjects, risk of NHL overall, FL and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) were elevated and increased by duration of exposure (p=0.009, p=0.04 and p=0.01, respectively) and with the combined analysis of duration, frequency and intensity of exposure (p=0.004, p=0.015 and p=0.005, respectively). Although based on small numbers of exposed, risk of all the major NHL subtypes, namely diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, FL and CLL, showed increases in risk ranging 2-3.2-fold in the highest category of exposure intensity. No significant heterogeneity in risk was detected by major NHL subtypes or by study. CONCLUSIONS Our pooled analysis apparently supports the hypothesis of an increase in risk of specific NHL subtypes associated with occupational exposure to TCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cocco
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Occupational Health Section, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
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Bassig BA, Zhang L, Tang X, Vermeulen R, Shen M, Smith MT, Qiu C, Ge Y, Ji Z, Reiss B, Hosgood HD, Liu S, Bagni R, Guo W, Purdue M, Hu W, Yue F, Li L, Huang H, Rothman N, Lan Q. Occupational exposure to trichloroethylene and serum concentrations of IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2013; 54:450-4. [PMID: 23798002 PMCID: PMC4360987 DOI: 10.1002/em.21789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the immunotoxicity of trichloroethylene (TCE), we conducted a cross-sectional molecular epidemiology study in China of workers exposed to TCE. We measured serum levels of IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α, which play a critical role in regulating various components of the immune system, in 71 exposed workers and 78 unexposed control workers. Repeated personal exposure measurements were taken in workers before blood collection using 3 M organic vapor monitoring badges. Compared to unexposed workers, the serum concentration of IL-10 in workers exposed to TCE was decreased by 70% (P = 0.001) after adjusting for potential confounders. Further, the magnitude of decline in IL-10 was >60% and statistically significant in workers exposed to <12 ppm as well as in workers with exposures ≥ 12 ppm of TCE, compared to unexposed workers. No significant differences in levels of IL-6 or TNF-α were observed among workers exposed to TCE compared to unexposed controls. Given that IL-10 plays an important role in immunologic processes, including mediating the Th1/Th2 balance, our findings provide additional evidence that TCE is immunotoxic in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan A. Bassig
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | | | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Min Shen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Martyn T. Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Chuangyi Qiu
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yichen Ge
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiying Ji
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Boris Reiss
- Formerly of the University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - H. Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | | | - Rachel Bagni
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Weihong Guo
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Mark Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Fei Yue
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Laiyu Li
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanlin Huang
- Guangdong Poison Control Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland
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Karami S, Bassig B, Stewart PA, Lee KM, Rothman N, Moore LE, Lan Q. Occupational trichloroethylene exposure and risk of lymphatic and haematopoietic cancers: a meta-analysis. Occup Environ Med 2013; 70:591-9. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2012-101212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Hansen J, Sallmén M, Seldén AI, Anttila A, Pukkala E, Andersson K, Bryngelsson IL, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Olsen JH, McLaughlin JK. Risk of cancer among workers exposed to trichloroethylene: analysis of three Nordic cohort studies. J Natl Cancer Inst 2013; 105:869-77. [PMID: 23723420 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djt107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a widely used chlorinated solvent with demonstrated carcinogenicity in animal assays. Some epidemiologic studies have reported increased risk of cancer of the kidney, cervix, liver and biliary passages, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and esophageal adenocarcinoma. METHODS We established a pooled cohort, including 5553 workers with individual documented exposure to TCE in Finland, Sweden, and Denmark. Study participants were monitored for the urinary TCE metabolite trichloroacetic acid from 1947 to 1989 and followed for cancer. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated based on cancer incidence rates in the three national populations. Cox proportionate hazard analyses were used for internal comparisons. Tests of statistical significance are two-sided. RESULTS Overall, 997 cases of cancer (n = 683 in men; n = 314 in women) were identified during 154 778 person-years of follow-up. We observed statistically significant elevated standardized incidence ratios for primary liver cancer (1.93; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19 to 2.95) and cervical cancer (2.31; 95% CI = 1.32 to 3.75). The standardized incidence ratio for kidney cancer was 1.01 (95% CI = 0.70 to 1.42) based on 32 cases; we did not observe a statistically significant increased risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (SIR = 1.26; 95% CI = 0.89 to 1.73) or esophageal adenocarcinoma (SIR = 1.84; 95% CI = 0.65 to 4.65). Tobacco- and alcohol-associated cancers were not statistically significantly increased. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest TCE exposure is possibly associated with an increased risk for liver cancer. The relationship between TCE exposure and risks of cancers of low incidence and those with confounding by lifestyle and other factors not known in our cohort require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnni Hansen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Zhang L, Bassig BA, Mora JL, Vermeulen R, Ge Y, Curry JD, Hu W, Shen M, Qiu C, Ji Z, Reiss B, McHale CM, Liu S, Guo W, Purdue MP, Yue F, Li L, Smith MT, Huang H, Tang X, Rothman N, Lan Q. Alterations in serum immunoglobulin levels in workers occupationally exposed to trichloroethylene. Carcinogenesis 2012; 34:799-802. [PMID: 23276795 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) has been associated with a variety of immunotoxic effects and may be associated with an increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Altered serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels have been reported in NHL patients and in animals exposed to TCE. Recently, we reported that occupational exposure to TCE is associated with immunosuppressive effects and immune dysfunction, including suppression of B-cell counts and activation, even at relatively low levels. We hypothesized that TCE exposure would also affect Ig levels in humans. We measured serum levels of IgG, IgM and IgE, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in TCE-exposed workers (n = 80) and unexposed controls (n = 45), matched by age and gender, in a cross-sectional, molecular epidemiology study of occupational exposure to TCE in Guangdong, China. Exposed workers had about a 17.5% decline in serum levels of IgG compared with unexposed controls (P = 0.0002). Similarly, serum levels of IgM were reduced by about 38% in workers exposed to TCE compared with unexposed controls (P < 0.0001). Serum levels of both IgG and IgM were significantly decreased in workers exposed to TCE levels below 12 p.p.m., the median exposure level. Adjustment for B-cell counts had minimal impact on our findings. IgE levels were not significantly different between exposed and control subjects. These results provide further evidence that TCE is immunotoxic at relatively low exposure levels and provide additional biologic plausibility for the reported association of TCE with NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Current understanding of lifestyle and environmental factors and risk of non-hodgkin lymphoma: an epidemiological update. J Cancer Epidemiol 2012; 2012:978930. [PMID: 23008714 PMCID: PMC3447374 DOI: 10.1155/2012/978930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence rates of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) have steadily increased over the last several decades in the United States, and the temporal trends in incidence can only be partially explained by the HIV epidemic. In 1992, an international workshop sponsored by the United States National Cancer Institute concluded that there was an “emerging epidemic” of NHL and emphasized the need to investigate the factors responsible for the increasing incidence of this disease. Over the past two decades, numerous epidemiological studies have examined the risk factors for NHL, particularly for putative environmental and lifestyle risk factors, and international consortia have been established in order to investigate rare exposures and NHL subtype-specific associations. While few consistent risk factors for NHL aside from immunosuppression and certain infectious agents have emerged, suggestive associations with several lifestyle and environmental factors have been reported in epidemiologic studies. Further, increasing evidence has suggested that the effects of these and other exposures may be limited to or stronger for particular NHL subtypes. This paper examines the progress that has been made over the last twenty years in elucidating the etiology of NHL, with a primary emphasis on lifestyle factors and environmental exposures.
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Vermeulen R, Zhang L, Spierenburg A, Tang X, Bonventre JV, Reiss B, Shen M, Smith MT, Qiu C, Ge Y, Ji Z, Xiong J, He J, Hao Z, Liu S, Xie Y, Yue F, Guo W, Purdue M, Beane Freeman LE, Sabbisetti V, Li L, Huang H, Rothman N, Lan Q. Elevated urinary levels of kidney injury molecule-1 among Chinese factory workers exposed to trichloroethylene. Carcinogenesis 2012; 33:1538-41. [PMID: 22665366 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest that trichloroethylene (TCE) exposure may be associated with renal cancer. The biological mechanisms involved are not exactly known although nephrotoxicity is believed to play a role. Studies on TCE nephrotoxicity among humans, however, have been largely inconsistent. We studied kidney toxicity in Chinese factory workers exposed to TCE using novel sensitive nephrotoxicity markers. Eighty healthy workers exposed to TCE and 45 comparable unexposed controls were included in the present analyses. Personal TCE exposure measurements were taken over a 2-week period before urine collection. Ninety-six percent of workers were exposed to TCE below the current US Occupational Safety and Health Administration permissible exposure limit (100 ppm 8h TWA), with a mean (SD) of 22.2 (35.9) ppm. Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and Pi-glutathione S transferase (GST) alpha were elevated among the exposed subjects as compared with the unexposed controls with a strong exposure-response association between individual estimates of TCE exposure and KIM-1 (P < 0.0001). This is the first report to use a set of sensitive nephrotoxicity markers to study the possible effects of TCE on the kidneys. The findings suggest that at relatively low occupational exposure levels a toxic effect on the kidneys can be observed. This finding supports the biological plausibility of linking TCE exposure and renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Hosgood HD, Zhang L, Tang X, Vermeulen R, Qiu C, Shen M, Smith MT, Ge Y, Ji Z, Xiong J, He J, Reiss B, Liu S, Xie Y, Guo W, Galvan N, Li L, Hao Z, Rothman N, Huang H, Lan Q. Decreased Numbers of CD4(+) Naive and Effector Memory T Cells, and CD8(+) Naïve T Cells, are Associated with Trichloroethylene Exposure. Front Oncol 2012; 1:53. [PMID: 22649769 PMCID: PMC3355872 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2011.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a volatile chlorinated organic compound that is commonly used as a solvent for lipophilic compounds. Although recognized as an animal carcinogen, TCE's carcinogenic potential in humans is still uncertain. We have carried out a cross-sectional study of 80 workers exposed to TCE and 96 unexposed controls matched on age and sex in Guangdong, China to study TCE's early biologic effects. We previously reported that the total lymphocyte count and each of the major lymphocyte subsets (i.e., CD4(+) T cells, CD8(+) T cells, natural killer cells, and B cells) were decreased in TCE-exposed workers compared to controls, suggesting a selective effect on lymphoid progenitors, and/or lymphocyte survival. To explore which T lymphocyte subsets are affected in the same study population, we investigated the effect of TCE exposure on the numbers of CD4(+) naïve and memory T cells, CD8(+) naïve and memory T cells, and regulatory T cells by FACS analysis. Linear regression of each subset was used to test for differences between exposed workers and controls adjusting for potential confounders. We observed that CD4(+) and CD8(+) naïve T cell counts were about 8% (p = 0.056) and 17% (p = 0.0002) lower, respectively, among exposed workers. CD4(+) effector memory T cell counts were decreased by about 20% among TCE-exposed workers compared to controls (p = 0.001). The selective targeting of TCE on CD8(+) naive and possibly CD4(+) naive T cells, and CD4(+) effector memory T cells, provide further insights into the immunosuppression-related response of human immune cells upon TCE exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dean Hosgood
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, MD, USA
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Scott CS, Jinot J. Trichloroethylene and cancer: systematic and quantitative review of epidemiologic evidence for identifying hazards. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2011; 8:4238-72. [PMID: 22163205 PMCID: PMC3228569 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph8114238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis focusing on studies with high potential for trichloroethylene (TCE) exposure to provide quantitative evaluations of the evidence for associations between TCE exposure and kidney, liver, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cancers. A systematic review documenting essential design features, exposure assessment approaches, statistical analyses, and potential sources of confounding and bias identified twenty-four cohort and case-control studies on TCE and the three cancers of interest with high potential for exposure, including five recently published case-control studies of kidney cancer or NHL. Fixed- and random-effects models were fitted to the data on overall exposure and on the highest exposure group. Sensitivity analyses examined the influence of individual studies and of alternative risk estimate selections. For overall TCE exposure and kidney cancer, the summary relative risk (RRm) estimate from the random effects model was 1.27 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.43), with a higher RRm for the highest exposure groups (1.58, 95% CI: 1.28, 1.96). The RRm estimates were not overly sensitive to alternative risk estimate selections or to removal of an individual study. There was no apparent heterogeneity or publication bias. For NHL, RRm estimates for overall exposure and for the highest exposure group, respectively, were 1.23 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.42) and 1.43 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.82) and, for liver cancer, 1.29 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.56) and 1.28 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.77). Our findings provide strong support for a causal association between TCE exposure and kidney cancer. The support is strong but less robust for NHL, where issues of study heterogeneity, potential publication bias, and weaker exposure-response results contribute uncertainty, and more limited for liver cancer, where only cohort studies with small numbers of cases were available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Siegel Scott
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, DC 20460, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Jennifer Jinot
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, DC 20460, USA; E-Mail:
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