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Wang SM, Kang DW, Um YH, Kim S, Lee CU, Lim HK. Functional Connectivity Change Associated With Apolipoprotein E Allotypes Precedes Structural Connectivity and Neurodegeneration in Cognitive Normal Older Adults Without Cerebral Aβ Deposition. Psychiatry Investig 2023; 20:1054-1060. [PMID: 37997333 PMCID: PMC10678152 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2023.0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is known to influence cerebral functional connectivity (FC) in Alzheimer's disease continuum. We investigated association between APOE allotypes and FC, structural connectivity, and cortical thickness in amyloid-PET negative cognitive normal older adults (CN). METHODS A total of 188 CN (37 had ε2/ε2 or ε2/ε3 [ε2 group], 113 had ε3/ε3 [ε3 group], and 38 had ε3/ε4 or ε4/ε4 [ε4 group]) were recruited. Voxel-based morphometry and cortical thickness analysis were used to investigate differences in cortical thickness between three APOE allotypes. To investigate integrity of structural connectivity, we analyzed diffusion weighted imaging using fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity. In terms of FC, differences of FC in default mode network (DMN) among APOE allotypes were measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS There were no significant differences in age, sex, education, cerebral beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition severity, or neuropsychological profiles. No significant differences were found in cortical thickness and structural connectivity among the APOE allotypes. However, FC within the DMN was significantly lower in ε4 and ε2 carriers compared to ε3 homozygotes. CONCLUSION This study suggests that both ε4 and ε2 exhibit APOE-associated DMN FC changes before Aβ deposition, structural changes, and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Min Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Woo Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Hyun Um
- Department of Psychiatry, St. Vincent Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Uk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kook Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Zhen Y, Gao L, Chen J, Gu L, Shu H, Wang Z, Liu D, Zhang Z. EEG Reveals Alterations in Motor Imagery in People With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2023; 78:1474-1483. [PMID: 37216647 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbad076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Motor imagery has been used to investigate the cognitive mechanism of motor control. Although behavioral and electrophysiological changes in motor imagery in people with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) have been reported, deficits in different types of imagery remain unclear. To explore this question, we used electroencephalography (EEG) to study neural correlates of visual imagery (VI) and kinesthetic imagery (KI) and their relationship to cognitive function in people with aMCI. METHODS A hand laterality judgment task was used to induce implicit motor imagery in 29 people with aMCI and 40 healthy controls during EEG recording. Mass univariate and multivariate EEG analysis was applied to explore group differences in a data-driven manner. RESULTS Modulation of stimuli orientation to event-related potential (ERP) amplitudes differed significantly between groups at 2 clusters located in the posterior-parietal and frontal areas. Multivariate decoding revealed sufficient representation of VI-related orientation features in both groups. Relative to healthy controls, the aMCI group lacked accurate representation of KI-related biomechanical features, suggesting deficits in automatic activation of KI strategy. Electrophysiological correlates were associated with episodic memory, visuospatial function, and executive function. Higher decoding accuracy of biomechanical features predicted better executive function via longer response time in the imagery task in the aMCI group. DISCUSSION These findings reveal electrophysiological correlates related to motor imagery deficits in aMCI, including local ERP amplitudes and large-scale activity patterns. Alterations in EEG activity are related to cognitive function in multiple domains, including episodic memory, suggesting the potential of these EEG indices as biomarkers of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Zhen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijuan Gao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Research Institution of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Research Institution of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihua Gu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Research Institution of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Shu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Research Institution of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Research Institution of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Duan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Research Institution of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Research Institution of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Wang SM, Kang DW, Um YH, Kim S, Kim REY, Kim D, Lee CU, Lim HK. Cognitive Normal Older Adults with APOE-2 Allele Show a Distinctive Functional Connectivity Pattern in Response to Cerebral Aβ Deposition. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11250. [PMID: 37511008 PMCID: PMC10380008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The ε2 allele of apolipoprotein E (ε2) has neuroprotective effects against beta-amyloid (Aβ) pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, its impact on the functional connectivity and hub efficiency in cognitively normal older adults (CN) with ε2 is unclear. We investigated the functional connectivity differences in the default mode network (DMN), salience network, and central executive network (CEN) between A-PET-negative (N = 29) and A-PET-positive (N = 15) CNs with ε2/ε2 or ε2/ε3 genotypes. The A-PET-positive CNs exhibited a lower anterior DMN functional connectivity, higher posterior DMN functional connectivity, and increased CEN functional connectivity compared to the A-PET-negative CNs. Cerebral Aβ retention was negatively correlated with anterior DMN functional connectivity and positively correlated with posterior DMN and anterior CEN functional connectivity. A graph theory analysis showed that the A-PET-positive CNs displayed a higher betweenness centrality in the middle frontal gyrus (left) and medial fronto-parietal regions (left). The betweenness centrality in the middle frontal gyrus (left) was positively correlated with Aβ retention. Our findings reveal a reversed anterior-posterior dissociation in the DMN functional connectivity and heightened CEN functional connectivity in A-PET-positive CNs with ε2. Hub efficiencies, measured by betweenness centrality, were increased in the DMN and CEN of the A-PET-positive CNs with ε2. These results suggest unique functional connectivity responses to Aβ pathology in CN individuals with ε2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Min Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Woo Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Hyun Um
- Department of Psychiatry, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Regina E Y Kim
- Research Institute, Neurophet Inc., Seoul 08380, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyeon Kim
- Research Institute, Neurophet Inc., Seoul 08380, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Uk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kook Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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Suchy-Dicey A, Su Y, Buchwald DS, Manson SM, Reiman EM. Volume atrophy in medial temporal cortex and verbal memory scores in American Indians: Data from the Strong Heart Study. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:2298-2306. [PMID: 36453775 PMCID: PMC10232670 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Distinguishing Alzheimer's disease (AD) patient subgroups may optimize positive clinical outcomes. Cortical atrophy is correlated with memory deficits, but these associations are understudied in American Indians. METHODS We collected imaging and cognition data in the Strong Heart Study (SHS), a cohort of 11 tribes across three regions. We processed 1.5T MRI using FreeSurfer and iterative principal component analysis. Linear mixed models estimated volumetric associations with diabetes. RESULTS Over mean 7 years follow-up (N = 818 age 65-89 years), overall volume loss was 0.5% per year. Significant losses associated with diabetes were especially strong in the right hemisphere. Annualized hippocampal, parahippocampal, entorhinal atrophy were worse for men, older age, diabetes, hypertension, stroke; and associated with both encoding and retrieval memory losses. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that diabetes is an important risk factor in American Indians for cortical atrophy and memory loss. Future research should examine opportunities for primary prevention in this underserved population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Suchy-Dicey
- Elson S Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Yi Su
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Dedra S Buchwald
- Elson S Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Spero M Manson
- Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Liu X, Zeng Q, Luo X, Li K, Xu X, Hong L, Li J, Guan X, Xu X, Huang P, Zhang M. Effects of APOE ε2 allele on basal forebrain functional connectivity in mild cognitive impairment. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 29:597-608. [PMID: 36468416 PMCID: PMC9873529 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basal forebrain cholinergic system (BFCS) dysfunction is associated with cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε2 is a protective genetic factor in AD and MCI, and cholinergic sprouting depends on APOE. OBJECTIVE We investigated the effect of the APOE ε2 allele on BFCS functional connectivity (FC) in cognitively normal (CN) subjects and MCI patients. METHOD We included 60 MCI patients with APOE ε3/ε3, 18 MCI patients with APOE ε2/ε3, 73 CN subjects with APOE ε3/ε3, and 36 CN subjects with APOE ε2/ε3 genotypes who had resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from the Alzheimer's disease Neuroimaging Initiative. We used BFCS subregions (Ch1-3 and Ch4) as seeds and calculated the FC with other brain areas. Using a mixed-effect analysis, we explored the interaction effects of APOE ε2 allele × cognitive status on BFCS-FC. Furthermore, we examined the relationships between imaging metrics, cognitive abilities, and AD pathology markers, controlling for sex, age, and education as covariates. RESULTS An interaction effect on functional connectivity was found between the right Ch4 (RCh4) and left insula (p < 0.05, corrected), and between the RCh4 and left Rolandic operculum (p < 0.05, corrected). Among all subjects and APOE ε2 carriers, RCh4-left Insula FC was associated with early tau deposition. Furthermore, no correlation was found between imaging metrics and amyloid burden. Among all subjects and APOE ε2 carriers, FC metrics were associated with cognitive performance. CONCLUSION The APOE ε2 genotype may play a protective role during BFCS degeneration in MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocao Liu
- Department of RadiologyThe 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Qingze Zeng
- Department of RadiologyThe 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of RadiologyThe 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Kaicheng Li
- Department of RadiologyThe 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaopei Xu
- Department of RadiologyThe 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Luwei Hong
- Department of RadiologyThe 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Jixuan Li
- Department of RadiologyThe 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaojun Guan
- Department of RadiologyThe 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Department of RadiologyThe 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Peiyu Huang
- Department of RadiologyThe 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Min‐Ming Zhang
- Department of RadiologyThe 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
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Savignac C, Villeneuve S, Badhwar A, Saltoun K, Shafighi K, Zajner C, Sharma V, Gagliano Taliun SA, Farhan S, Poirier J, Bzdok D. APOE alleles are associated with sex-specific structural differences in brain regions affected in Alzheimer's disease and related dementia. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001863. [PMID: 36512526 PMCID: PMC9747055 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is marked by intracellular tau aggregates in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and extracellular amyloid aggregates in the default network (DN). Here, we examined codependent structural variations between the MTL's most vulnerable structure, the hippocampus (HC), and the DN at subregion resolution in individuals with Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD). By leveraging the power of the approximately 40,000 participants of the UK Biobank cohort, we assessed impacts from the protective APOE ɛ2 and the deleterious APOE ɛ4 Alzheimer's disease alleles on these structural relationships. We demonstrate ɛ2 and ɛ4 genotype effects on the inter-individual expression of HC-DN co-variation structural patterns at the population level. Across these HC-DN signatures, recurrent deviations in the CA1, CA2/3, molecular layer, fornix's fimbria, and their cortical partners related to ADRD risk. Analyses of the rich phenotypic profiles in the UK Biobank cohort further revealed male-specific HC-DN associations with air pollution and female-specific associations with cardiovascular traits. We also showed that APOE ɛ2/2 interacts preferentially with HC-DN co-variation patterns in estimating social lifestyle in males and physical activity in females. Our structural, genetic, and phenotypic analyses in this large epidemiological cohort reinvigorate the often-neglected interplay between APOE ɛ2 dosage and sex and link APOE alleles to inter-individual brain structural differences indicative of ADRD familial risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Savignac
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvia Villeneuve
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), MNI, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre for Studies in the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease, Douglas Mental Health Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - AmanPreet Badhwar
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karin Saltoun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kimia Shafighi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chris Zajner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vaibhav Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sarah A. Gagliano Taliun
- Department of Neurosciences & Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sali Farhan
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Judes Poirier
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre for Studies in the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease, Douglas Mental Health Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Danilo Bzdok
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), MNI, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Mila—Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Shi Y, Mao H, Gao Q, Xi G, Zeng S, Ma L, Zhang X, Li L, Wang Z, Ji W, He P, You Y, Chen K, Shao J, Mao X, Fang X, Wang F. Potential of brain age in identifying early cognitive impairment in subcortical small-vessel disease patients. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:973054. [PMID: 36118707 PMCID: PMC9475066 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.973054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reliable and individualized biomarkers are crucial for identifying early cognitive impairment in subcortical small-vessel disease (SSVD) patients. Personalized brain age prediction can effectively reflect cognitive impairment. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the association of brain age with cognitive function in SSVD patients and assess the potential value of brain age in clinical assessment of SSVD. Materials and methods A prediction model for brain age using the relevance vector regression algorithm was developed using 35 healthy controls. Subsequently, the prediction model was tested using 51 SSVD patients [24 subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) patients and 27 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients] to identify brain age-related imaging features. A support vector machine (SVM)-based classification model was constructed to differentiate MCI from SCI patients. The neurobiological basis of brain age-related imaging features was also investigated based on cognitive assessments and oxidative stress biomarkers. Results The gray matter volume (GMV) imaging features accurately predicted brain age in individual patients with SSVD (R2 = 0.535, p < 0.001). The GMV features were primarily distributed across the subcortical system (e.g., thalamus) and dorsal attention network. SSVD patients with age acceleration showed significantly poorer Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores. The classification model based on GMV features could accurately distinguish MCI patients from SCI patients (area under the curve = 0.883). The classification outputs of the classification model exhibited significant associations with MoCA scores, Trail Making Tests A and B scores, Stroop Color and Word Test C scores, information processing speed total scores, and plasma levels of total antioxidant capacity in SSVD patients. Conclusion Brain age can be accurately quantified using GMV imaging data and shows potential clinical value for identifying early cognitive impairment in SSVD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachen Shi
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Interventional Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Functional Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Yachen Shi,
| | - Haixia Mao
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qianqian Gao
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guangjun Xi
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Interventional Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Siyuan Zeng
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiuping Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Interventional Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhuoyi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Interventional Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Functional Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ping He
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yiping You
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Functional Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Kefei Chen
- Department of Functional Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Junfei Shao
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xuqiang Mao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiangming Fang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Xiangming Fang,
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Interventional Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Feng Wang,
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Shu H, Chen G, Ward BD, Chen G, Wang Z, Liu D, Su F, Gu L, Xu Z, Li SJ, Zhang Z. Imminent cognitive decline in normal elderly individuals is associated with hippocampal hyperconnectivity in the variant neural correlates of episodic memory. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 272:783-792. [PMID: 34363508 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-021-01310-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The secondary prevention trials of Alzheimer's disease (AD) require an enrichment strategy to recruit individuals with imminent cognitive decline at the preclinical stage. Previously, we demonstrated a variant neural correlates of episodic memory (EM) function in apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carriers. Herein, we investigated whether this variation was associated with longitudinal EM performance. This 3-year longitudinal study included 88 normal elderly subjects with EM assessment and resting-state functional MRI data at baseline; 48 subjects (27 ε3 homozygotes and 21 ε4 carriers) underwent follow-up EM assessment. In the identified EM neural correlates, multivariable regression models examined the association between hippocampal functional connectivity (HFC) and longitudinal EM change. Independent validation was performed using the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset. At baseline, the EM neural correlates were characterized in the Papez circuit regions in the ε3 homozygotes, but in the sensorimotor cortex and cuneus in the ε4 carriers. Longitudinally, the ε4 carriers exhibited a negative association of the baseline HFC strength in the EM neural correlates with annual rate of EM change (R2 = 0.25, p = 0.05). This association also showed a trend in the ADNI dataset (R2 = 0.42, p = 0.06). These results indicate that hippocampal hyperconnectivity in the variant EM neural correlates is associated with imminent EM decline in ε4 carriers, which may serve as a promising enrichment strategy for secondary prevention trials of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Neuropsychiatric Institute, The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - B Douglas Ward
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Guangyu Chen
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Zan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Neuropsychiatric Institute, The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Duan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Neuropsychiatric Institute, The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Su
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Neuropsychiatric Institute, The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihua Gu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Neuropsychiatric Institute, The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhan Xu
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Shi-Jiang Li
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Neuropsychiatric Institute, The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhou H, Zhong X, Chen B, Wang Q, Zhang M, Mai N, Wu Z, Huang X, Chen X, Peng Q, Ning Y. Elevated homocysteine levels, white matter abnormalities and cognitive impairment in patients with late-life depression. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:931560. [PMID: 35923546 PMCID: PMC9340773 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.931560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive impairment in late−life depression (LLD) is considered to be caused by neurodegenerative changes. Elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels may be linked to cognitive abnormalities associated with LLD. The important role of white matter (WM) damage in cognitive impairment and pathogenesis in patients with LLD has been widely reported. However, no research has explored the interrelationships of these features in patients with LLD. Objective The goal of the study was to examine the interrelationship between Hcy levels, cognition, and variations in WM microstructure detected by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in patients with LLD. Methods We recruited 89 healthy controls (HCs) and 113 patients with LLD; then, we measured the plasma Hcy levels of participants in both groups. All individuals performed a battery of neuropsychological tests to measure cognitive ability. Seventy-four patients with LLD and 68 HCs experienced a DTI magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. Results Patients with LLD showed significantly lower fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the bilateral inferior longitudinal fasciculus than those of healthy participants. Only in LLD patients was Hcy concentration inversely associated to FA values in the forceps minor. Finally, multiple regression analyses showed that an interaction between Hcy levels and FA values in the right cingulum of the cingulate cortex and right inferior longitudinal fasciculus were independent contributors to the executive function of patients with LLD. Conclusion Our results highlight the complex interplay between elevated homocysteine levels and WM abnormalities in the pathophysiology of LLD-related cognitive impairment, consistent with the neurodegeneration hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huarong Zhou
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhong
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ben Chen
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Naikeng Mai
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhangying Wu
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingxiao Huang
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinru Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Peng
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuping Ning
- Center for Geriatric Neuroscience, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuping Ning,
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10
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Kim H, Devanand DP, Carlson S, Goldberg TE. Apolipoprotein E Genotype e2: Neuroprotection and Its Limits. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:919712. [PMID: 35912085 PMCID: PMC9329577 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.919712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we comprehensively, qualitatively, and critically synthesized several features of APOE-e2, a known APOE protective variant, including its associations with longevity, cognition, and neuroimaging, and neuropathology, all in humans. If e2’s protective effects—and their limits—could be elucidated, it could offer therapeutic windows for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) prevention or amelioration. Literature examining e2 within the years 1994–2021 were considered for this review. Studies on human subjects were selectively reviewed and were excluded if observation of e2 was not specified. Effects of e2 were compared with e3 and e4, separately and as a combined non-e2 group. Our examination of existing literature indicated that the most robust protective role of e2 is in longevity and AD neuropathologies, but e2’s effect on cognition and other AD imaging markers (brain structure, function, and metabolism) were inconsistent, thus inconclusive. Notably, e2 was associated with greater risk of non-AD proteinopathies and a disadvantageous cerebrovascular profile. We identified multiple methodological shortcomings of the literature on brain function and cognition that could have contributed to inconsistent and potentially misleading findings. We make careful interpretations of existing findings and provide directions for research strategies that could effectively examine the independent and unbiased effect of e2 on AD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Davangere P. Devanand
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Scott Carlson
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Terry E. Goldberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Terry E. Goldberg,
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11
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Wang Q, He W, Liu D, Han B, Jiang Q, Niu J, Ding Y. Functional Connectivity in Parkinson's Disease Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:2623-2630. [PMID: 34168488 PMCID: PMC8218241 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s300422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the alteration of pattens of anatomical and functional connectivity (FC) of posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients with cognitive dysfunction and the relationship between the connection strengths and cognitive state. Methods We prospectively enrolled 20 PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI), 13 PD patients with normal cognition (PD-NC) and 13 healthy controls (HCs). By collecting, preprocessing and FC analyzing resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data, we extracted default mode network (DMN) patterns, compared the differences in DMN between the three groups and the analyzed the correlation between FC value with the commonly used neuropsychological testing. Results The PD-MCI showed significant worse performances in general cognition, and PD-NC and HCs showed comparable performances of cognitive function. Cognitive-related differences in DMN were detected in the bilateral precuneus (BPcu). Compared with the HCs, PD-NC and PD-MCI showed significantly decreased FC within BPcu (both P < 0.001). For PD-MCI, the rho of the Fisher’s Z-transformed FC (zFC) value within BPcu with the TMTA, DSST and CFT-20min were 0.50, 0.66 and 0.47, respectively. For PD-NC, the rho of the zFC value within BPcu with the MMSE was 0.58. Discussion BPcu was the cognitive-related region in DMN. As cognition declines, FC within BPcu weakens. For PD-MCI, the higher the FC values within BPcu were likely to be related to the better the performances of TMTA, DSST and CFT-20 min DR, which needs to be further confirmed by large-sample studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingguang Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Jiangyin People's Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Jiangyin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Affiliated Jiangyin People's Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Jiangyin, People's Republic of China
| | - Dinghua Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Jiangyin People's Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Jiangyin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bojun Han
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Jiangyin People's Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Jiangyin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qitao Jiang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Jiangyin People's Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Jiangyin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Niu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunlong Ding
- Department of Neurology, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang, People's Republic of China
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12
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Chen J, Shu H, Wang Z, Zhan Y, Liu D, Liu Y, Zhang Z. Intrinsic connectivity identifies the sensory-motor network as a main cross-network between remitted late-life depression- and amnestic mild cognitive impairment-targeted networks. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 14:1130-1142. [PMID: 31011952 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00098-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Remitted late-life depression (rLLD) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are both associated with a high risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neurodegeneration is considered to spread within pre-existing networks. To investigate whether, in the healthy brain, there was a pre-existing cross-network between the intrinsic networks that are vulnerable to rLLD and aMCI. We performed functional connectivity analyses based on brain areas with the greatest brain neuronal activity differences in 55 rLLD, 87 aMCI, and 114 healthy controls. Intrinsic networks that were differentially vulnerable to rLLD and aMCI converged onto the sensory-motor network (SMN) in the healthy brain. These regions in the SMN within the aMCI- and rLLD-vulnerable networks played different roles in the cognitive functions. This study identifies the SMN as a cross-network between rLLD- and aMCI-vulnerable networks. The common susceptibility of these diseases to AD is likely due to the breakdown of the cross-network. The results further suggest that interventions targeting the amelioration of sensory-motor deficits in the early course of disease in individuals with AD risk may enhance patient function as AD pathology progresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of neuropsychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Shu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yafeng Zhan
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Duan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
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13
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Potential clinical value of circular RNAs as peripheral biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder. EBioMedicine 2021; 66:103337. [PMID: 33862583 PMCID: PMC8054154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background circular RNAs (circRNAs) are expressed abundantly in the brain and are implicated in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disease. However, the potential clinical value of circRNAs in major depressive disorder (MDD) remains unclear. Methods RNA sequencing was conducted in whole-blood samples in a discovery set (7 highly homogeneous MDD patients and 7 matched healthy controls [HCs]). The differential expression of circRNAs was verified in an independent validation set. The interventional study was conducted to assess the potential effect of the antidepressive treatment on the circRNA expression. Findings in the validation set, compared with 52 HCs, significantly decreased circFKBP8 levels (Diff: -0.24; [95% CI -0.39 ~ -0.09]) and significantly elevated circMBNL1 levels (Diff: 0.37; [95% CI 0.09 ~ 0.64]) were observed in 53 MDD patients. The expression of circMBNL1 was negatively correlated with 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-24) scores in 53 MDD patients. A mediation model indicated that circMBNL1 affected HAMD-24 scores through a mediator, serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor. In 53 MDD patients, the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in the right orbital part middle frontal gyrus was positively correlated with circFKBP8 and circMBNL1 expression. Furthermore, the interventional study of 53 MDD patients demonstrated that antidepressive treatment partly increased circFKBP8 expression and the change in expression of circFKBP8 was predictive of further reduced HAMD-24 scores. Interpretation whole-blood circFKBP8 and circMBNL1 may be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of MDD, respectively, and circFKBP8 may show great potential for the antidepressive treatment.
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14
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Shafer AT, Beason-Held L, An Y, Williams OA, Huo Y, Landman BA, Caffo BS, Resnick SM. Default mode network connectivity and cognition in the aging brain: the effects of age, sex, and APOE genotype. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 104:10-23. [PMID: 33957555 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The default mode network (DMN) overlaps with regions showing early Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology. Age, sex, and apolipoprotein E ɛ4 are the predominant risk factors for developing AD. How these risk factors interact to influence DMN connectivity and connectivity-cognition relationships before the onset of impairment remains unknown. Here, we examined these issues in 475 cognitively normal adults, targeting total DMN connectivity, its anticorrelated network (acDMN), and the DMN-hippocampal component. There were four main findings. First, in the ɛ3 homozygous group, lower DMN and acDMN connectivity was observed with age. Second, sex and ɛ4 modified the relationship between age and connectivity for the DMN and hippocampus with ɛ4 vs. ɛ3 males showing sustained or higher connectivity with age. Third, in the ɛ3 group, age and sex modified connectivity-cognition relationships with the oldest participants having the most differential patterns due to sex. Fourth, ɛ4 carriers with lower connectivity had poorer cognitive performance. Taken together, our results show the three predominant risk factors for AD interact to influence brain function and function-cognition relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea T Shafer
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Lori Beason-Held
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD
| | - Yang An
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD
| | - Owen A Williams
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD
| | - Yuankai Huo
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Bennett A Landman
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Brian S Caffo
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Susan M Resnick
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD.
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15
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Shi Y, Gu L, Wang Q, Gao L, Zhu J, Lu X, Zhou F, Zhu D, Zhang H, Xie C, Zhang Z. Platelet Amyloid-β Protein Precursor (AβPP) Ratio and Phosphorylated Tau as Promising Indicators for Early Alzheimer's Disease. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:664-670. [PMID: 31336382 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify whether platelet amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) ratio, phosphorylated-tau (P-tau) 231, P-tau181, and serine 396 and 404 (Ser396/404) phosphorylated tau are potential peripheral indicators for early Alzheimer's disease (AD). Forty-three amnesic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients and 45 normal controls were recruited. Peripheral venous blood was drawn and platelets were collected and evaluated for potential indicators by Western blot analysis. Subsequent meta-analysis was completed on these selected indicators. In platelets of aMCI patients, the AβPP ratio level was significantly lower and levels of P-tau231 and Ser396/404 phosphorylated tau were significantly higher. Moreover, in aMCI patients, a negative correlation was observed between platelet P-tau231 level and the Trail Making Tests A score, and it was found that higher platelet P-tau231 levels significantly associated with a worse performance of information processing speed. Furthermore, values of the area under the curve of platelet P-tau231 and Ser396/404 phosphorylated tau were 0.624 and 0.657, respectively. Finally, a meta-analysis indicated platelet AβPP ratio level was significantly lower in MCI cohorts. In conclusion, platelets of aMCI subjects showed a lower AβPP ratio and higher levels of P-tau231 and Ser396/404 phosphorylated tau when compared to normal controls, which may be critical in identifying early AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachen Shi
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihua Gu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijuan Gao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianli Zhu
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haisan Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Chunming Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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16
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Interactive effects of elevated homocysteine and late-life depression on cognitive impairment. J Affect Disord 2020; 277:212-217. [PMID: 32829197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both an elevated homocysteine (Hcy) level and depression are risk factors for cognitive impairment in the general population, but no study has analyzed whether the coexistence of an elevated Hcy level and late-life depression (LLD) is associated with worse cognitive performance. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the relationship between Hcy levels and cognitive function in individuals with LLD and whether the coexistence of an elevated Hcy level and LLD is associated with worse cognitive performance. METHODS A total of 113 LLD patients and 89 normal controls underwent a standardized clinical interview and comprehensive neuropsychological assessment battery. Plasma concentrations of Hcy were detected. Factorial analyses were performed to examine the impact of the coexistence of an elevated Hcy level and LLD on cognitive performance. RESULTS Plasma Hcy levels in patients with LLD were significantly higher than that in normal controls. Only for LLD patients, Hcy level was negatively correlated with global cognition, executive function, attention, and visual space. The factorial analysis showed that there was a significant interactive effect of Hcy level (normal and elevated levels) and LLD (with and without LLD) on global cognition. In post hoc comparisons, the elderly individuals with both elevated Hcy levels and LLD tended to have the worst global cognitive function compared with those with LLD or elevated Hcy levels alone. CONCLUSIONS The coexistence of an elevated Hcy level and LLD was associated with worse cognitive performance. Early intervention should be initiated to protect cognition in LLD patients with elevated Hcy levels.
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17
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Zhu Y, Gong L, He C, Wang Q, Ren Q, Xie C. Default Mode Network Connectivity Moderates the Relationship Between the APOE Genotype and Cognition and Individualizes Identification Across the Alzheimer's Disease Spectrum. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 70:843-860. [PMID: 31282419 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although previous studies have investigated the effects of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ4 genotype on the default mode network (DMN) in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) spectrum, it is still unclear how the APOE genotype regulates the DMN and subsequently affects cognitive decline in the AD spectrum. One hundred sixty-nine subjects with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data and neuropsychological test scores were selected from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. The main effects and interaction of the APOE genotype and disease status on the DMN were explored. A moderation analysis was performed to investigate the relationship among the APOE genotype, DMN connectivity, and cognition. Additionally, the pair-wised DMN connectivity was used to classify AD spectrum, and the classification accuracy was validated. Compared to APOEɛ4 non-carriers, APOEɛ4 carriers showed the opposite trajectory of DMN connectivity across the AD spectrum. Specifically, the strengths in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) connecting with the right precuneus, insular, and fusiform area (FFA) were positively correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores in APOEɛ4 non-carriers but not in APOEɛ4 carriers. Furthermore, PCC-right FFA connectivity could moderate the effects of the APOE genotype on MMSE scores across the disease groups. More importantly, using a receiver operating characteristic analysis, these altered connectivities yielded strong classification powers in a pathological stage-dependent manner in the AD spectrum. These findings first identified the intrinsic DMN connectivity moderating the effect of the APOE genotype on cognition and provided a pathological stage-dependent neuroimaging biomarker for early differentiation of the AD spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Gong
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cancan He
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingguo Ren
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunming Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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18
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Henson RN, Suri S, Knights E, Rowe JB, Kievit RA, Lyall DM, Chan D, Eising E, Fisher SE. Effect of apolipoprotein E polymorphism on cognition and brain in the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience cohort. Brain Neurosci Adv 2020; 4:2398212820961704. [PMID: 33088920 PMCID: PMC7545750 DOI: 10.1177/2398212820961704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms in the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene have been associated with individual differences in cognition, brain structure and brain function. For example, the ε4 allele has been associated with cognitive and brain impairment in old age and increased risk of dementia, while the ε2 allele has been claimed to be neuroprotective. According to the ‘antagonistic pleiotropy’ hypothesis, these polymorphisms have different effects across the lifespan, with ε4, for example, postulated to confer benefits on cognitive and brain functions earlier in life. In this stage 2 of the Registered Report – https://osf.io/bufc4, we report the results from the cognitive and brain measures in the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience cohort (www.cam-can.org). We investigated the antagonistic pleiotropy hypothesis by testing for allele-by-age interactions in approximately 600 people across the adult lifespan (18–88 years), on six outcome variables related to cognition, brain structure and brain function (namely, fluid intelligence, verbal memory, hippocampal grey-matter volume, mean diffusion within white matter and resting-state connectivity measured by both functional magnetic resonance imaging and magnetoencephalography). We found no evidence to support the antagonistic pleiotropy hypothesis. Indeed, Bayes factors supported the null hypothesis in all cases, except for the (linear) interaction between age and possession of the ε4 allele on fluid intelligence, for which the evidence for faster decline in older ages was ambiguous. Overall, these pre-registered analyses question the antagonistic pleiotropy of APOE polymorphisms, at least in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard N Henson
- MRC Cognition & Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sana Suri
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ethan Knights
- MRC Cognition & Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - James B Rowe
- MRC Cognition & Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rogier A Kievit
- MRC Cognition & Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Donald M Lyall
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Dennis Chan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Else Eising
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Simon E Fisher
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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19
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Song R, Bai Y, Li X, Zhu J, Zhang H, Shi Y, Li K, Wang B, Zhang H, Yang Y, Zhang Z. Plasma Circular RNA DYM Related to Major Depressive Disorder and Rapid Antidepressant Effect Treated by Visual Cortical Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. J Affect Disord 2020; 274:486-493. [PMID: 32663980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced plasma circular RNA DYM (circDYM) has been detected in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Mechanism research has demonstrated that circDYM, acting as a microRNA-9 sponge, suppressed microglial activation by increasing Heat Shock Protein 90 ubiquitination, indicating that circDYM could be a potential biomarker of MDD. METHODS Thirty-two normal controls (NCs) and 60 MDD patients were recruited. Enrolled patients were randomly allocated to the real or sham repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) group, followed by continuous five-day visual cortical rTMS or sham treatment. All participants underwent multidimensional neuropsychological assessments and detection of circDYM levels. RESULTS Initial scores on all emotional and psychosocial assessments in MDD were significantly different from those of NCs. As compared with the NC group, baseline plasma circDYM levels in MDD patients decreased remarkably (p=0.030) and showed significant positive correlations with the scores of the 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (r=0.318, p=0.031) and retardation subscale (r=0.323, p=0.029). The increase in circDYM was noteworthy after rTMS (p=0.006), while downregulation with no statistical significance was observed after sham treatment (p=0.170). LIMITATIONS It was not estimated on the correlation between plasma circDYM levels and long-term efficacy of rTMS. The mechanism of upregulated circDYM expression in response to visual cortical rTMS remained unrevealed, and the sample size was relatively small. CONCLUSIONS This study verified the reduced circDYM levels in MDD patients, and further determined the upregulated circDYM expression after rTMS treatment, revealing the potential of circDYM as a biomarker for MDD diagnosis and antidepressant effect of visual cortical rTMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruize Song
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianrui Li
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Jianli Zhu
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China; Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Yachen Shi
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Bi Wang
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Haisan Zhang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Yongfeng Yang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China; Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China.
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20
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Functional Connectivity in Neurodegenerative Disorders: Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 28:317-324. [PMID: 31794504 DOI: 10.1097/rmr.0000000000000223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are a growing cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Onset is typically insidious and clinical symptoms of behavioral change, memory loss, or cognitive dysfunction may not be evident early in the disease process. Efforts have been made to discover biomarkers that allow for earlier diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders, to initiate treatment that may slow the course of clinical deterioration. Neuronal dysfunction occurs earlier than clinical symptoms manifest. Thus, assessment of neuronal function using functional brain imaging has been examined as a potential biomarker. While most early studies used task-functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), with the more recent technique of resting-state fMRI, "intrinsic" relationships between brain regions or brain networks have been studied in greater detail in neurodegenerative disorders. In Alzheimer's disease, the most common neurodegenerative disorder, and frontotemporal dementia, another of the common dementias, specific brain networks may be particularly susceptible to dysfunction. In this review, we highlight the major findings of functional connectivity assessed by resting state fMRI in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia.
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21
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Genetic influence on ageing-related changes in resting-state brain functional networks in healthy adults: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 113:98-110. [PMID: 32169413 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review examines the genetic and epigenetic factors associated with resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in healthy human adult brains across the lifespan, with a focus on genes associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). There were 58 studies included. The key findings are: (i) genetic factors have a low to moderate contribution; (ii) the apolipoprotein E ε2/3/4 polymorphism was the most studied genetic variant, with the APOE-ε4 allele most consistently associated with deficits of the default mode network, but there were insufficient studies to determine the relationships with other AD candidate risk genes; (iii) a single genome-wide association study identified several variants related to RSFC; (iv) two epigenetic independent studies showed a positive relationship between blood DNA methylation of the SLC6A4 promoter and RSFC measures. Thus, there is emerging evidence that genetic and epigenetic variation influence the brain's functional organisation and connectivity over the adult lifespan. However, more studies are required to elucidate the roles genetic and epigenetic factors play in RSFC measures across the adult lifespan.
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22
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Gong L, Xu R, Liu D, Lan L, Zhang B, Zhang C. The Specific Impact of Apolipoprotein E Epsilon 2 on Cognition and Brain Function in Cognitively Normal Elders and Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 11:374. [PMID: 32226373 PMCID: PMC7081769 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Variants in the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene play an important role in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Specifically, the APOE ε4 allele is an established genetic risk factor for AD, while the APOE ε2 allele is a protective factor against AD. However, the mechanism underlying this impact of APOE genotype on the pathogenesis of AD remain unclear. This study sought to investigate the influence of APOE genotype on cognition and neuroimaging features in cognitively normal (CN) elderly individuals and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). A total of 177 participants were selected from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database, including 101 MCI patients and 76 CN individuals. A 2 × 3 (consisting of two groups and three APOE genotypes) analysis of covariance was carried out to measure the influences of diagnosis and APOE genotype on cognition and brain features, assessed based on global functional connectivity density (gFCD) and hippocampal volume. In addition, a mediation analysis was carried out to investigate the indirect influence of neuroimaging features on the relationship between APOE genotype and cognitive performance in the MCI group. This analysis revealed that APOE genotype had an influence on brain function in the bilateral precentral gyrus, right thalamus, and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). In addition, an interactive influence between diagnosis and APOE genotype was found on general cognition, immediate memory, executive function, hippocampal volume, and gFCD in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC). Finally, this mediation analysis revealed that hippocampal volume and gFCD in the thalamus may mediate the relationship between APOE genotype and cognitive performance in the MCI group. Taken together, our findings provide novel insights into the neural mechanisms underlying the genetically guided pathogenic mechanisms of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gong
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ronghua Xu
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Duan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Lan
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuantao Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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23
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Chen J, Yan Y, Gu L, Gao L, Zhang Z. Electrophysiological Processes on Motor Imagery Mediate the Association Between Increased Gray Matter Volume and Cognition in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. Brain Topogr 2019; 33:255-266. [PMID: 31691911 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-019-00742-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Motor imagery is considered as an ideal window to observe neural processes of action representations. Behavioral evidence has indicated an alteration of motor imagery in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). However, it still remains unclear on the altered neurophysiological processing mechanism of motor imagery and whether this mechanism links the abnormal biological basis of motor imagery with impaired cognition in aMCI. This study was to investigate the altered neurophysiological processing mechanism of motor imagery and to examine the relationships between this knowledge and the altered structural basis of motor imagery with impaired cognition in aMCI. A hand mental rotation paradigm was used to manipulate the processing of motor imagery while event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded and gray matter (GM) voxel-based morphometry was performed in 20 aMCI and 29 healthy controls. Compared with controls, aMCI exhibited lower ERP amplitudes in parietal cortex and higher ERP amplitudes in frontal cortex during motor imagery. In addition, aMCI showed reduced GM volumes in cerebellum posterior lobe, insula and hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus, and increased GM volumes in middle cingulate gyrus and superior frontal gyrus. Most importantly, increased ERP amplitude significantly mediated the association between increased GM and cognition. This study provided a novel evidence for the relationships between the electrophysiological processing mechanism and structural basis of motor imagery with impaired cognition in aMCI. It suggests that improving neural activity by stimulating the frontal lobe can potentially contribute to acquire motor imagery skills for neurological rehabilitation in aMCI subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu Chen
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China. .,Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China. .,Institute of Neuropsychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Fourth Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yanna Yan
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Lihua Gu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijuan Gao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China. .,Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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24
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Shu H, Shi Y, Chen G, Wang Z, Liu D, Yue C, Ward BD, Li W, Xu Z, Chen G, Guo QH, Xu J, Li SJ, Zhang Z. Distinct neural correlates of episodic memory among apolipoprotein E alleles in cognitively normal elderly. Brain Imaging Behav 2019; 13:255-269. [PMID: 29396739 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-017-9818-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 and ε2 alleles are acknowledged genetic factors modulating Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk and episodic memory (EM) deterioration in an opposite manner. Mounting neuroimaging studies describe EM-related brain activity differences among APOE alleles but remain limited in elucidating the underlying mechanism. Here, we hypothesized that the APOE ε2, ε3, and ε4 alleles have distinct EM neural substrates, as a manifestation of degeneracy, underlying their modulations on EM-related brain activity and AD susceptibility. To test the hypothesis, we identified neural correlates of EM function by correlating intrinsic hippocampal functional connectivity networks with neuropsychological EM performances in a voxelwise manner, with 129 cognitively normal elderly subjects (36 ε2 carriers, 44 ε3 homozygotes, and 49 ε4 carriers). We demonstrated significantly different EM neural correlates among the three APOE allele groups. Specifically, in the ε3 homozygotes, positive EM neural correlates were characterized in the Papez circuit regions; in the ε4 carriers, positive EM neural correlates involved the lateral temporal cortex, premotor cortex/sensorimotor cortex/superior parietal lobule, and cuneus; and in the ε2 carriers, negative EM neural correlates appeared in the bilateral frontopolar, posteromedial, and sensorimotor cortex. Further, in the ε4 carriers, the interaction between age and EM function occurred in the temporoparietal junction and prefrontal cortex. Our findings suggest that the underlying mechanism of APOE polymorphism modulations on EM function and AD susceptibility is genetically related to the neural degeneracy of EM function across APOE alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Yongmei Shi
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Zan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Duan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Chunxian Yue
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - B Douglas Ward
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Zhan Xu
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Guangyu Chen
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Qi-Hao Guo
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210024, China
| | - Shi-Jiang Li
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
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25
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Deficits of visuospatial working memory and executive function in single- versus multiple-domain amnestic mild cognitive impairment: A combined ERP and sLORETA study. Clin Neurophysiol 2019; 130:739-751. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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26
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The Contribution of Genetic Factors to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: Apolipoprotein E Gene, Gene Interactions, and Polygenic Risk. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051177. [PMID: 30866553 PMCID: PMC6429136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Although it has been studied for years, the pathogenesis of AD is still controversial. Genetic factors may play an important role in pathogenesis, with the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene among the greatest risk factors for AD. In this review, we focus on the influence of genetic factors, including the APOE gene, the interaction between APOE and other genes, and the polygenic risk factors for cognitive function and dementia. The presence of the APOE ε4 allele is associated with increased AD risk and reduced age of AD onset. Accelerated cognitive decline and abnormal internal environment, structure, and function of the brain were also found in ε4 carriers. The effect of the APOE promoter on cognition and the brain was confirmed by some studies, but further investigation is still needed. We also describe the effects of the associations between APOE and other genetic risk factors on cognition and the brain that exhibit a complex gene⁻gene interaction, and we consider the importance of using a polygenic risk score to investigate the association between genetic variance and phenotype.
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27
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Zhu L, Shu H, Liu D, Guo Q, Wang Z, Zhang Z. Apolipoprotein E ε4 Specifically Modulates the Hippocampus Functional Connectivity Network in Patients With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:289. [PMID: 30319395 PMCID: PMC6170627 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of both apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are considered to be risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Numerous neuroimaging studies have suggested that the modulation of APOE ε4 affects intrinsic functional brain networks, both in healthy populations and in AD patients. However, it remains largely unclear whether and how ε4 allele modulates the brain’s functional network architecture in subjects with aMCI. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and graph-theory approaches-functional connectivity strength (FCS), we investigate the topological organization of the whole-brain functional network in 28 aMCI ε4 carriers and 38 aMCI ε3ε3 carriers. In the present study, we first observe that ε4-related FCS increases in the right hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus (HIP/PHG). Subsequent seed-based resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) analysis revealed that, compared with the ε3ε3 carriers, the ε4 carriers had lower or higher RSFCs between the right HIP/PHG seed and the bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) or the occipital cortex, respectively. Further correlation analyses have revealed that the FCS values in the right HIP/PHG and lower HIP/PHG-RSFCs with the bilateral MPFC were significantly correlated with the impairment of episodic memory and executive function in the aMCI ε4 carriers. Importantly, the logistic regression analysis showed that the HIP/PHG-RSFC with the bilateral MPFC predicted aMCI-conversion to AD. These findings suggest that the APOE ε4 allele may modulate the large-scale brain network in aMCI subjects, facilitating our understanding of how the entire assembly of the brain network reorganizes in response to APOE variants in aMCI. Further longitudinal studies need to be conducted, in order to examine whether these network measures could serve as primary predictors of conversion from aMCI ε4 carriers to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Shu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Duan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qihao Guo
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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28
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Gao L, Chen J, Gu L, Shu H, Wang Z, Liu D, Yan Y, Zhang Z. Effects of Gender and Apolipoprotein E on Novelty MMN and P3a in Healthy Elderly and Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:256. [PMID: 30186155 PMCID: PMC6110901 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The apolipoprotein E epsilon4 (ApoE ε4) allele and female gender may be important risk factors for the development of Alzheimer’s disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Novelty mismatch negativity (MMN) represents the pre-attentive index of deviance detection and P3a represents the attention orienting response. Furthermore, MMN and P3a components have been reported to be potential markers in aMCI. Therefore, this study will investigate the effects of gender and ApoE on auditory novelty MMN and P3a and their relationship to neuropsychological performance in aMCI. Methods: Thirty nine aMCI subjects and 44 controls underwent neuropsychological assessment and ApoE genotyping. Novelty MMN and P3a components were investigated during an auditory novelty oddball task. Results: Firstly, novelty MMN latency was significantly shorter in aMCI than in healthy control (HC) group. Secondly, novelty MMN latency was negatively correlated with episodic memory in aMCI, but not in HC. Novelty P3a latency was negatively correlated with information processing speed in all subjects. For gender effect, novelty MMN latency was shorter in aMCI females than in HC females. Moreover, novelty P3a amplitudes were lower in males than in females in both aMCI and HC. For the effect of ApoE status, novelty MMN latency was shorter in aMCI ApoE ε4- than HC ApoE ε4-. Conclusion: aMCI presents altered pre-attentive processing indexed by novelty MMN components. Furthermore, there may be a compensatory mechanism on the impaired processing in aMCI. It further suggests that aMCI female and ApoE ε4- recruited the compensatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Gao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lihua Gu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Shu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Duan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanna Yan
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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29
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Ye Q, Su F, Shu H, Gong L, Xie C, Zhang Z, Bai F. The apolipoprotein E gene affects the three-year trajectories of compensatory neural processes in the left-lateralized hippocampal network. Brain Imaging Behav 2018; 11:1446-1458. [PMID: 27734307 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-016-9623-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Previous cross-sectional studies that investigated the effects of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 status on hippocampal networks have shown inconsistent results. Aging is a well-known risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and could strongly interact with ApoE-related vulnerabilities to affect AD risk. However, no longitudinal data have been published regarding the interaction of the ApoE genotype and aging on hippocampal networks. Fifty-one patients with amnestic-type mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and 64 matched cognitively normal elderly subjects underwent resting-state fMRI scans and neuropsychological tests at baseline and at a 35-month follow-up. Hippocampal resting-state functional connectivity (FC) data were analyzed utilizing a mixed analysis of covariance with ApoE genotype, time points and disease as fixed factors, controlling for age, sex and years of education. The notable finding was that the FC between the left hippocampus and right frontal regions for ε4 carriers longitudinally increased in the normal subjects, but decreased in aMCI patients, whereas the FC for non-carriers was maintained in normal subjects but increased in aMCI patients. Specifically, the longitudinal increases in hippocampal FC with the right inferior frontal gyrus were positively correlated with the changes in episodic memory test scores in non-carriers with aMCI. The interaction between the ApoE genotype, aging and disease suggested that aging should be considered a key regulator of the impact of the ApoE genotype on the phenotypic variants of AD. These findings also demonstrated that compensatory neural processes were accelerated in genetically high risk individuals, but could be subsequently exhausted with the onset of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Fan Su
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hao Shu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Liang Gong
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Chunming Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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30
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Aberrant topographical organization in default-mode network in first-episode remitted geriatric depression: a graph-theoretical analysis. Int Psychogeriatr 2018; 30:619-628. [PMID: 29429423 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610218000054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED ABSTRACTBackground:Neuroimaging studies have shown that major depressive disorder is associated with altered activity patterns of the default-mode network (DMN). In this study, we sought to investigate the topological organization of the DMN in patients with remitted geriatric depression (RGD) and whether RGD patients would be more likely to show disrupted topological configuration of the DMN during the resting-state. METHODS Thirty-three RGD patients and thirty-one healthy control participants underwent clinical and cognitive evaluations as well as resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans. The functional connectivity (FC) networks were constructed by thresholding Pearson correlation metrics of the DMN regions defined by group independent component analysis, and their topological properties (e.g. small-world and network efficiency) were analyzed using graph theory-based approaches. RESULTS Relative to the healthy controls, the RGD patients showed decreased FC in the posterior regions of the DMN (i.e. the posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus, angular gyrus, and middle temporal gyrus). Furthermore, the RGD patients showed abnormal global topology of the DMN (i.e. increased characteristic path length and reduced global efficiency) when compared with healthy controls. Importantly, significant correlations between these network measures and cognitive performance indicated their potential use as biomarkers of cognitive dysfunction in RGD. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicated disrupted FC and topological organization of the DMN in the context of RGD, and further implied their contribution to cognitive deficits in RGD patients.
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Ng KK, Qiu Y, Lo JCY, Koay ESC, Koh WP, Chee MWL, Zhou J. Functional segregation loss over time is moderated by APOE genotype in healthy elderly. Hum Brain Mapp 2018. [PMID: 29520911 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the influence of the apolipoprotein E-ɛ4 allele (APOE-ɛ4) on longitudinal age-related changes in brain functional connectivity (FC) and cognition, in view of mixed cross-sectional findings. One hundred and twenty-two healthy older adults (aged 58-79; 25 APOE-ɛ4 carriers) underwent task-free fMRI scans at baseline. Seventy-eight (16 carriers) had at least one follow-up (every 2 years). Changes in intra- and internetwork FCs among the default mode (DMN), executive control (ECN), and salience (SN) networks, as well as cognition, were quantified using linear mixed models. Cross-sectionally, APOE-ɛ4 carriers had lower functional connectivity between the ECN and SN than noncarriers. Carriers also showed a stronger age-dependent decrease in visuospatial memory performance. Longitudinally, carriers had steeper increase in inter-ECN-DMN FC, indicating loss of functional segregation. The longitudinal change in processing speed performance was not moderated by APOE-ɛ4 genotype, but the brain-cognition association was. In younger elderly, faster loss of segregation was correlated with greater decline in processing speed regardless of genotype. In older elderly, such relation remained for noncarriers but reversed for carriers. APOE-ɛ4 may alter aging by accelerating the change in segregation between high-level cognitive systems. Its modulation on the longitudinal brain-cognition relationship was age-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwun Kei Ng
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Yingwei Qiu
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,Department of Radiology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Shi, Guangdong Sheng, 510000, China
| | - June Chi-Yan Lo
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Evelyn Siew-Chuan Koay
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.,Molecular Diagnosis Centre, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Michael Wei-Liang Chee
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Juan Zhou
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,Clinical Imaging Research Centre, the Agency for Science, Technology and Research and National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
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32
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Wang Z, Dai Z, Shu H, Liu D, Guo Q, He Y, Zhang Z. Cortical Thickness and Microstructural White Matter Changes Detect Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 56:415-428. [PMID: 27911306 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Both the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ4 allele and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are considered to be risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The primary aim of this study was to determine whether the aMCI-related abnormality in gray matter (GM) cortical thickness and white matter (WM) tracts integrity would be modified by the APOE genotype. A total of 146 older adults, including 64 aMCI patients (28 ɛ4 carriers and 36 non-carriers) and 82 healthy controls (39 ɛ4 carriers and 43 non-carriers), underwent a standardized clinical interview, neuropsychological battery assessment, and multi-modal brain magnetic resonance imaging scans. Compared with control subjects, the patients with aMCI showed significantly reduced cortical thickness bilaterally in the parahippocampal gyrus and disrupted WM integrity in the limbic tracts (e.g., increased mean diffusivity in the right parahippocampal cingulum and bilateral uncinate fasciculus). However, no significant main effects of the APOE genotype and diagnosis-by-genotype interaction on GM thickness and WM integrity were observed. Further, diffusivity measures of the limbic WM tracts were significantly correlated with the parahippocampal atrophy in aMCI. Importantly, the parahippocampal thickness and diffusivity measures of the limbic WM tracts were significantly correlated with the cognitive performance (i.e., episodic memory Z score) in patients with aMCI. These results demonstrate that WM microstructural disruptions in the limbic tracts are present at the early stage of AD in an APOE-independent manner; and this degeneration may occur progressively, in parallel with parahippocampal atrophy, and may specifically contribute to early initial impairment in episodic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengjia Dai
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Shu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Duan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qihao Guo
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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33
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Chen J, Shu H, Wang Z, Liu D, Shi Y, Xu L, Zhang Z. Protective effect of APOE epsilon 2 on intrinsic functional connectivity of the entorhinal cortex is associated with better episodic memory in elderly individuals with risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. Oncotarget 2018; 7:58789-58801. [PMID: 27542235 PMCID: PMC5312276 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele associates with accelerating the conversion from amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD), whereas the protectiveAPOEε2 allele appears to be against the disease. Moreover, entorhinal cortex (ERC) is one of the earliest brain regions of AD pathology that disrupts the formation of episodic memory. To investigate the effects of APOE ε2 and ε4alleles on functional connectivity (FC) of ERC and cognition in aMCI. Methods The FC analyses of ERC were performed in 83 aMCI (9 ε2-carrier, 44 ε3ε3, and 30 ε4-carrier) and 88 healthy controls (HC, 15 ε2-carrier, 40 ε3ε3, and 33 ε4-carrier). Multiple linear regression model was performed between the altered ERC connectivities and cognition. In the ERC network, aMCI with ε4-carriers showed decreased FC in the bilateral middle temporal gyrus (MTG), right precuneus, and right precentral gyrus (PreCG), while ε2-carriers showed increased FC in these regions (except the right PreCG) compared to HC. The altered FC between ERC and right MTG correlated with episodic memory performance in aMCI carried ε2 and ε4 alleles. These results suggest that the effects ofAPOEon the ERC network are closely linked to the role of this gene on AD risk, which aMCI with ε4-carriers can accelerate the pathological progression of network-based mechanisms while ε2-carriers may play a protective role in contributing to a compensatory mechanism. It further suggests that APOE can appear to directly affect the ERC-MTG neural pathway associated with the impairment of episodic memory in aMCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Shu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Duan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongmei Shi
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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Cognitive reserve modulates attention processes in healthy elderly and amnestic mild cognitive impairment: An event-related potential study. Clin Neurophysiol 2018; 129:198-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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35
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Bai F, Yuan Y, Shi Y, Zhang Z. Multiple genetic imaging study of the association between cholesterol metabolism and brain functional alterations in individuals with risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. Oncotarget 2017; 7:15315-28. [PMID: 26985771 PMCID: PMC4941243 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease. Genes involved in cholesterol metabolism may play a role in the pathological changes of AD. However, the imaging genetics-based endophenotypes derived from polymorphisms in multiple functionally related genes are unclear in individuals with risk factors for AD. Forty-three amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) subjects and 30 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measurements of brain topological organization. Thirty-three previously suggested tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 12 candidate genes in the cholesterol metabolism pathway were further investigated. A cholesterol metabolism pathway gene-based imaging genetics approach was then utilized to investigate disease-related differences between the groups based on genotype-by-aMCI interactions. The cholesterol metabolism pathway genes exerted widespread effects on the cortico-subcortical-cerebellar spontaneous brain activity. Meanwhile, left lateralization of global brain connectivity was associated with cholesterol metabolism pathway genes. The APOE rs429358 variation significantly influenced the brain network characteristics, affecting the activation of nodes as well as the connectivity of edges in aMCI subjects.The cholesterol metabolism pathway gene-based imaging genetics approach may provide new opportunities to understand the mechanisms underlying AD and suggested that APOE rs429358 is a core genetic variation that is associated with disease-related differences in brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Bai
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yonggui Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongmei Shi
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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36
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Chiesa PA, Cavedo E, Lista S, Thompson PM, Hampel H. Revolution of Resting-State Functional Neuroimaging Genetics in Alzheimer's Disease. Trends Neurosci 2017; 40:469-480. [PMID: 28684173 PMCID: PMC5798613 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The quest to comprehend genetic, biological, and symptomatic heterogeneity underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) requires a deep understanding of mechanisms affecting complex brain systems. Neuroimaging genetics is an emerging field that provides a powerful way to analyze and characterize intermediate biological phenotypes of AD. Here, we describe recent studies showing the differential effect of genetic risk factors for AD on brain functional connectivity in cognitively normal, preclinical, prodromal, and AD dementia individuals. Functional neuroimaging genetics holds particular promise for the characterization of preclinical populations; target populations for disease prevention and modification trials. To this end, we emphasize the need for a paradigm shift towards integrative disease modeling and neuroimaging biomarker-guided precision medicine for AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia A Chiesa
- AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 06, Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A) & Brain and Spine Institute (ICM) UMR S 1127, Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.
| | - Enrica Cavedo
- AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 06, Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A) & Brain and Spine Institute (ICM) UMR S 1127, Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Simone Lista
- AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 06, Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A) & Brain and Spine Institute (ICM) UMR S 1127, Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90232, USA
| | - Harald Hampel
- AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 06, Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A) & Brain and Spine Institute (ICM) UMR S 1127, Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.
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37
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Zheng LJ, Su YY, Wang YF, Zhong J, Liang X, Zheng G, Lu GM, Zhang LJ. Altered spontaneous brain activity pattern in cognitively normal young adults carrying mutations of APP, presenilin-1/2 and APOE ε4. Eur J Radiol 2017; 95:18-23. [PMID: 28987665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore genetic effects of amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin-1/2 and apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 on brain structural and functional alterations in cognitively normal young adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty healthy adults (mean age 24.0±2.5years; n=18, APP/presenilin-1/2 group; n=31, APOE ε4 group; n=31, control group [without above-mentioned gene mutation]) underwent high-resolution T1-weighted 3D anatomical imaging, resting-state functional MR imaging and neuropsychological assessments. We used voxel-based morphometry and regional homogeneity (ReHo) algorithms to investigate brain structural and functional changes among three groups, and performed correlation analyses between the brain regions with statistically significant difference and neuropsychological results. RESULTS No brain structural changes were found, however, ReHo values were increased in right parietal-frontal lobes in APOE ε4 group, and decreased in the left middle temporal gyrus in APP/presenilin-1/2 group compared with controls (all P<0.05). Compared with APOE ε4 group, decreased ReHo values of bilateral temporal lobes were shown in APP/presenilin-1/2 group (P<0.05). ReHo values of right superior frontal gyrus in APOE ε4 group positively correlated with neuropsychological tests scores(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Cognitively normal young adults carrying APOE ε4 or APP/presenilin-1/2 had different spontaneous brain activity patterns without cerebral structural differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Juan Zheng
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yun Yan Su
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yun Fei Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Jianhui Zhong
- Center for Brain Imaging Science and Technology, and Center for Innovative and Collaborative Detection and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xue Liang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Gang Zheng
- College of Civil Aviation, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210016, China
| | - Guang Ming Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Long Jiang Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China.
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38
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Low plasma BDNF is not a biomarker for cognitive dysfunction in elderly T2DM patients. Neurol Sci 2017; 38:1691-1696. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-017-3048-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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39
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Gong L, Shu H, He C, Ye Q, Bai F, Xie C, Zhang Z. Convergent and divergent effects of apolipoprotein E ε4 and ε2 alleles on amygdala functional networks in nondemented older adults. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 54:31-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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40
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Sun DM, Chen HF, Zuo QL, Su F, Bai F, Liu CF. Effect of PICALM rs3851179 polymorphism on the default mode network function in mild cognitive impairment. Behav Brain Res 2017; 331:225-232. [PMID: 28549650 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in default mode network (DMN) functional connectivity (FC) might accompany the dysfunction of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Indeed, episodic memory impairment is a hallmark of AD, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been associated with a high risk for AD. Phosphatidylinositol-binding clathrin assembly protein (PICALM) (rs3851179) has been associated with AD; in particular, the A allele may serve a protective role, while the G allele serves as a strong genetic risk factor. Therefore, the identification of genetic polymorphisms associated with the DMN is required in MCI subjects. In all, 32 MCI subjects and 32 healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and a genetic imaging approach. Subjects were divided into four groups according to the diagnosis (i.e., MCI and HCs) and the PICALM rs3851179 polymorphism (i.e., AA/AG genotype and GG genotype). The differences in FC within the DMN between the four subgroups were explored. Furthermore, we examined the relationship between our neuroimaging measures and cognitive performance. The regions associated with the genotype-by-disease interaction were in the left middle temporal gyrus (LMTG) and left middle frontal gyrus (LMFG). These changes in LMFG FC were generally manifested as an "inverse U-shaped curve", while a "U-shaped curve" was associated with the LMTG FC between these four subgroups (all P<0.05). Furthermore, higher FC within the LMFG was related to better episodic memory performance (i.e., AVLT 20min DR, rho=0.72, P=0.044) for the MCI subgroups with the GG genotype. The PICALM rs3851179 polymorphism significantly affects the DMN network in MCI. The LMFG and LMTG may be associated with opposite patterns. However, the altered LMFG FC in MCI patients with the GG genotype was more sensitive to episodic memory impairment, which is more likely to lead to a high risk of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Ming Sun
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China; Department of Neurology, Fourth Affiliated Yancheng Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng 224001, China
| | - Hai-Feng Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, and The Institute of Neuropsychiatry of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qi-Long Zuo
- Department of Neurology, Fourth Affiliated Yancheng Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng 224001, China
| | - Fan Su
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, and The Institute of Neuropsychiatry of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, and The Institute of Neuropsychiatry of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
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41
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Gu LH, Chen J, Gao LJ, Shu H, Wang Z, Liu D, Yan YN, Li SJ, Zhang ZJ. The Effect of Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) on Visuospatial Working Memory in Healthy Elderly and Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients: An Event-Related Potentials Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:145. [PMID: 28567013 PMCID: PMC5434145 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 is the only established risk gene for late-onset, sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Previous studies have provided inconsistent evidence for the effect of APOE ε4 status on the visuospatial working memory (VSWM). Objective: The aim was to investigate the effect of APOE ε4 on VSWM with an event-related potential (ERP) study in healthy controls (HC) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients. Methods: The study recorded 39 aMCI patients (27 APOE ε4 non-carriers and 12 APOE ε4 carriers) and their 43 matched controls (25 APOE ε4 non-carriers and 18 APOE ε4 carriers) with an 64-channel electroencephalogram. Participants performed an N-back task, a VSWM paradigm that manipulated the number of items to be stored in memory. Results: The present study detected reduced accuracy and delayed mean correct response time (RT) in aMCI patients compared to HC. P300, a positive component that peaks between 300 and 500 ms, was elicited by the VSWM task. In addition, aMCI patients showed decreased P300 amplitude at the central–parietal (CP1, CPz, and CP2) and parietal (P1, Pz, and P2) electrodes in 0- and 1-back task compared to HC. In both HC and aMCI patients, APOE ε4 carriers showed reduced P300 amplitude with respect to non-carriers, whereas no significant differences in accuracy or RT were detected between APOE ε4 carriers and non-carriers. Additionally, standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography analysis (s-LORETA) showed enhanced brain activation in the right parahippocampal gyrus (PHG) during P300 time range in APOE ε4 carriers with respect to non-carriers in aMCI patients. Conclusion: It demonstrated that P300 amplitude could predict VSWM deficits in aMCI patients and contribute to early detection of VSWM deficits in APOE ε4 carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Gu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Jiu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Li-Juan Gao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Hao Shu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Zan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Duan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yan-Na Yan
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang, China
| | - Shi-Jiang Li
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, MilwaukeeWI, United States
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing, China.,Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang, China
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42
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Different Hippocampus Functional Connectivity Patterns in Healthy Young Adults with Mutations of APP/Presenilin-1/2 and APOEε4. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:3439-3450. [PMID: 28502043 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0540-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the hippocampus-based functional connectivity patterns in young, healthy APP and/or presenilin-1/2 mutation carriers and APOE ε4 subjects. Seventy-eight healthy young adults (33 male, mean age 24.0 ± 2.2 years; 18 APP and/or presenilin1/2 mutation carriers [APP/presenilin-1/2 group], 30 APOE ε4 subjects [APOE ε4 group], and 30 subjects without the above-mentioned genes [control group]) underwent resting-state functional MR imaging and neuropsychological assessments. Bilateral hippocampus functional connectivity patterns were compared among three groups. The brain regions with statistical differences were then extracted, and correlation analyses were performed between Z values of the brain regions and neuropsychological results. Compared with control group, both APOE ε4 group and APP/presenilin-1/2 group showed increased functional connectivity in medial prefrontal cortex and precuneus for the seeds of bilateral hippocampi. The APOE ε4 group displayed increased functional connectivity from bilateral hippocampi to the left middle temporal gyrus compared with the control group. Moreover, compared with the APP/presenilin-1/2 group, the APOE ε4 group also had markedly increased functional connectivity in right hippocampus-left middle temporal gyrus. The Z values of right hippocampus-left middle temporal gyrus correlated with various neuropsychological results across all the subjects, as well as in APOE ε4 group. Young healthy adults carrying APOE ε4 and APP/presenilin-1/2 displayed different hippocampus functional connectivity patterns, which may underlie the discrepant mechanisms of gene-modulated cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.
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43
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Badhwar A, Tam A, Dansereau C, Orban P, Hoffstaedter F, Bellec P. Resting-state network dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: DIAGNOSIS, ASSESSMENT & DISEASE MONITORING 2017; 8:73-85. [PMID: 28560308 PMCID: PMC5436069 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) literature to examine consistency of functional connectivity alterations in AD dementia and mild cognitive impairment, using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Methods Studies were screened using a standardized procedure. Multiresolution statistics were performed to assess the spatial consistency of findings across studies. Results Thirty-four studies were included (1363 participants, average 40 per study). Consistent alterations in connectivity were found in the default mode, salience, and limbic networks in patients with AD dementia, mild cognitive impairment, or in both groups. We also identified a strong tendency in the literature toward specific examination of the default mode network. Discussion Convergent evidence across the literature supports the use of resting-state connectivity as a biomarker of AD. The locations of consistent alterations suggest that highly connected hub regions in the brain might be an early target of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- AmanPreet Badhwar
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-514-340-3540x3367; Fax: +1-514-340-2802.
| | - Angela Tam
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christian Dansereau
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierre Orban
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Felix Hoffstaedter
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Pierre Bellec
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-514-340-3540x4782; Fax: +1-514-340-2802.
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Wang Z, Dai Z, Shu H, Liao X, Yue C, Liu D, Guo Q, He Y, Zhang Z. APOE Genotype Effects on Intrinsic Brain Network Connectivity in Patients with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. Sci Rep 2017; 7:397. [PMID: 28341847 PMCID: PMC5428452 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00432-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether and how the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 genotype specifically modulates brain network connectivity in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) remain largely unknown. Here, we employed resting-state (‘task-free’) functional MRI and network centrality approaches to investigate local (degree centrality, DC) and global (eigenvector centrality, EC) functional integrity in the whole-brain connectome in 156 older adults, including 66 aMCI patients (27 ε4-carriers and 39 non-carriers) and 90 healthy controls (45 ε4-carriers and 45 non-carriers). We observed diagnosis-by-genotype interactions on DC in the left superior/middle frontal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus and cerebellum, with higher values in the ε4-carriers than non-carriers in the aMCI group. We further observed diagnosis-by-genotype interactions on EC, with higher values in the right middle temporal gyrus but lower values in the medial parts of default-mode network in the ε4-carriers than non-carriers in the aMCI group. Notably, these genotype differences in DC or EC were absent in the control group. Finally, the network connectivity DC values were negatively correlated with cognitive performance in the aMCI ε4-carriers. Our findings suggest that the APOE genotype selectively modulates the functional integration of brain networks in patients with aMCI, thus providing important insight into the gene-connectome interaction in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Zhengjia Dai
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Hao Shu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Xuhong Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Chunxian Yue
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Duan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Qihao Guo
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
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Ye Q, Su F, Shu H, Gong L, Xie CM, Zhou H, Zhang ZJ, Bai F. Shared effects of the clusterin gene on the default mode network among individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2017; 23:395-404. [PMID: 28233427 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To explore the common effects of the clusterin (CLU) rs11136000 variant on the default mode network (DMN) in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) subjects and remitted geriatric depression (RGD) subjects. METHODS Fifty-one aMCI subjects, 38 RGD subjects, and 64 cognitively normal elderly subjects underwent resting-state fMRI scans and neuropsychological tests at both baseline and a 35-month follow-up. Posterior cingulate cortex seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analysis was used to obtain the DMN patterns. RESULTS A CLU gene×disease×time interaction for aMCI subjects was mainly detected in the core cortical midline structures of the DMN, and the interaction for RGD subjects was mainly detected in the limbic system. However, they overlapped in two frontal regions, where consistent effects of the CLU gene on FC alterations were found between aMCI and RGD groups. Furthermore, the alterations of FC with frontal, parietal, and limbic regions compensated for episodic memory impairments in CLU-CT/TT carriers, while no such compensation was found in CLU-CC carriers. CONCLUSION The CLU gene could consistently affect the DMN FC with frontal regions among individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease, and the CLU-T allele was associated with more compensatory neural processes in DMN changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Su
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Shu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Gong
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Ming Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Su F, Shu H, Ye Q, Xie C, Yuan B, Zhang Z, Bai F. Integration of Multilocus Genetic Risk into the Default Mode Network Longitudinal Trajectory during the Alzheimer’s Disease Process. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 56:491-507. [PMID: 28035927 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Su
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Shu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunming Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baoyu Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Grothe MJ, Villeneuve S, Dyrba M, Bartrés-Faz D, Wirth M. Multimodal characterization of older APOE2 carriers reveals selective reduction of amyloid load. Neurology 2017; 88:569-576. [PMID: 28062720 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000003585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To comprehensively assess neurobiological effects of the protective APOE2 allele in the aged brain using a cross-sectional multimodal neuroimaging approach. METHODS Multimodal neuroimaging data were obtained from a total of 572 older individuals without dementia (cognitively normal and mild cognitive impairment) enrolled in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and included assessments of regional amyloid load with AV45-PET, glucose metabolism with fluorodeoxyglucose-PET, and gray matter volume with structural MRI. Imaging indexes of APOE2 carriers were contrasted to risk-neutral APOE3 homozygotes, and analyses were controlled for age, sex, education, and clinical diagnosis. Additional models examined genotype-specific effects of age on the imaging markers. RESULTS In region-of-interest-based analyses, APOE2 carriers had significantly less precuneal amyloid pathology and did not show the typical age-related increase in amyloid load, although the age × genotype interaction was only trend-level significant. In contrast, parietal metabolism and hippocampal volume did not differ between APOE2 and APOE3 genotypes, and both groups showed comparable negative effects of age on these markers. The amyloid specificity of APOE2-related brain changes was corroborated in 2 complementary analyses: spatially unbiased voxel-wise analyses showing widespread reductions in amyloid deposition but no differences in gray matter volume or metabolism and an analysis of CSF-based biomarkers showing a significant effect on amyloid but not on tau pathology. CONCLUSIONS Regarding the range of Alzheimer disease biomarkers considered in the present study, the APOE2 allele appears to have a relatively selective effect on reduced accumulation of amyloid pathology in the aged brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel J Grothe
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.G., M.D.), Rostock, Germany; Douglas Mental Health University Institute (S.V.), Research Centre, Verdun; Department of Psychiatry (S.V.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine (D.B.-F.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain; and NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (M.W.) and Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sylvia Villeneuve
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.G., M.D.), Rostock, Germany; Douglas Mental Health University Institute (S.V.), Research Centre, Verdun; Department of Psychiatry (S.V.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine (D.B.-F.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain; and NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (M.W.) and Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Dyrba
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.G., M.D.), Rostock, Germany; Douglas Mental Health University Institute (S.V.), Research Centre, Verdun; Department of Psychiatry (S.V.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine (D.B.-F.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain; and NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (M.W.) and Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - David Bartrés-Faz
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.G., M.D.), Rostock, Germany; Douglas Mental Health University Institute (S.V.), Research Centre, Verdun; Department of Psychiatry (S.V.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine (D.B.-F.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain; and NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (M.W.) and Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Miranka Wirth
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.G., M.D.), Rostock, Germany; Douglas Mental Health University Institute (S.V.), Research Centre, Verdun; Department of Psychiatry (S.V.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine (D.B.-F.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain; and NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (M.W.) and Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
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Su F, Shu H, Ye Q, Wang Z, Xie C, Yuan B, Zhang Z, Bai F. Brain insulin resistance deteriorates cognition by altering the topological features of brain networks. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2016; 13:280-287. [PMID: 28050343 PMCID: PMC5192246 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance represents one of the mechanisms underlying the link between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and we explored its in vivo neurobiology related to cognition based on a pathway-based genetic association analyses. Eighty-seven mild cognitive impairment (MCIs) subjects and 135 matched controls (HCs) were employed at baseline, and they underwent functional MRI scans, clinical evaluations and exon sequencings of 20 genes related to brain insulin resistance. A longitudinal study for an average of 35 months was performed to assess their cognitive decline over time. By using cognition as the phenotype, we detected genes that modified cognitive impairments, including AKT2, PIK3CB, IGF1R, PIK3CD, MTOR, IDE, AKT1S1 and AKT1. Based on these loci, the mass univariate modeling was utilized to construct the functional network. The MCIs showed disconnections mainly in the cerebellum-frontal-temporal regions, while compensations may occur in frontal-parietal regions to maintain the overall network efficiency. Moreover, the behavioral significance of the network was highlighted, as topological characteristics of the medial temporal lobe and the prefrontal cortex partially determine longitudinal cognitive decline. Our results suggested that the restoration of insulin activity represents a promising therapeutic target for alleviating cognitive decline associated with T2D and AD. Genetic variations of brain insulin resistance influence cognition. Insulin pathway modifies the topological characteristics of brain networks. Brain overall efficiency predicts the cognitive changes over time. Relieving brain insulin resistance may alleviate cognitive declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Su
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Hao Shu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Zan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Chunming Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Baoyu Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
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Lin F, Ren P, Mapstone M, Meyers SP, Porsteinsson A, Baran TM. The cingulate cortex of older adults with excellent memory capacity. Cortex 2016; 86:83-92. [PMID: 27930899 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Memory deterioration is the earliest and most devastating cognitive deficit in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Some older adults, known as "Supernormals", maintain excellent memory. This study examined relationships between cerebral amyloid deposition and functional connectivity (FC) within the cingulate cortex (CC) and between CC and other regions involved in memory maintenance between Supernormals, healthy controls (HC), and those at risk for AD (amnestic mild cognitive impairment [MCI]). Supernormals had significantly stronger FC between anterior CC and R-hippocampus, middle CC (MCC) and L-superior temporal gyrus, and posterior CC (PCC) and R-precuneus, while weaker FC between MCC and R-middle frontal gyrus and MCC and R-thalamus than other groups. All of these FC were significantly related to memory and global cognition in all participants. Supernormals had less amyloid deposition than other groups. Relationships between global cognition and FC were stronger among amyloid positive participants. Relationships between memory and FC remained regardless of amyloid level. This revealed how CC-related neural function participates in cognitive maintenance in the presence of amyloid deposition, potentially explaining excellent cognitive function among Supernormals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lin
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester Medical Center, United States; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, United States; Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, University of Rochester, United States.
| | - Ping Ren
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester Medical Center, United States
| | - Mark Mapstone
- Department of Neurology, University of California-Irvine, United States
| | - Steven P Meyers
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, United States
| | - Anton Porsteinsson
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, United States
| | - Timothy M Baran
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, United States
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Yuan B, Xie C, Shu H, Liao W, Wang Z, Liu D, Zhang Z. Differential Effects of APOE Genotypes on the Anterior and Posterior Subnetworks of Default Mode Network in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 54:1409-1423. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-160353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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