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Letafati A, Motlaghzadeh S, Ardekani OS, Memarpour B, Seyedi S, Bahari M, Farahani AV, Khoshravan A, Sarrafzadeh S, Vasmehjani AA, Pournaseri M, Bahrami Y, Talebi F. Uncommon high distribution of HPV-16, HPV-54, and HPV-56 in female referred to a laboratory in Karaj, Iran: indications of a paradigm shift in HPV genotypes? Virol J 2024; 21:182. [PMID: 39123176 PMCID: PMC11316285 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-024-02457-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) is among the leading cause of sexually transmitted infections, particularly prevalent among sexually active individuals. While many HPV infections clear up over time, some may progress to various cancers such as anal cancer, cervical cancer and, vaginal cancer. This study examines the prevalence of different HPV genotypes, classified as high-risk (HR) and low-risk (LR), among females of various age groups who visited the laboratory in Karaj. MATERIAL AND METHODS Genital specimens were gathered from the individuals involved in the study and subjected to DNA extraction (DNA/RNA extraction AmpliSense, Moscow, Russia) followed by amplification using Real-Time PCR. HR- and LR-HPV genotypes were identified using the GenoFlow HPV Array test kit (GenoFlow; DiagCor Bioscience, Hong Kong) and homemade HPV genotyping kit. Demographic information such as age, was examined alongside statistical virological data. RESULTS Overall, 367 (17%) out of the 2109 (100%) female cases tested positive for HPV. Among these, 219 (46.2%) were classified as low-risk, 44 (9.3%) as potentially high-risk, and 211 (44.5%) as high-risk. The highest percentage of positive test results was detected in individuals under 30 years old (35%) and those aged 40-50 (18%). Individuals in the < 30 age group were primarily infected with HR genotypes. The most commonly identified genotypes overall were HPV-16 (11.7%), HPV-54 (10.3%), HPV-56 (8.4%), HPV-40 (8.1%). The lowest frequency was observed for HPV-70, HPV-71, HPV-82, and HPV-90, each recorded in only a single case. CONCLUSION Our results highlight the notable occurrence of HPV among females who visited the laboratory in Karaj, especially in the < 30 age group. Identifying HPV-16 as the most prevalent genotype in our examination highlights the necessity of tailored interventions for specific age ranges. While HPV-16 is covered by vaccination programs, HPV-54 and HPV-56 are not, emphasizing the need for effective screening and preventive plans to manage the consequences of HPV-related diseases in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Letafati
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeed Motlaghzadeh
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Salahi Ardekani
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahar Memarpour
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saba Seyedi
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Bahari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Vasheghani Farahani
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Khoshravan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sheida Sarrafzadeh
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abas Ahmadi Vasmehjani
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Pournaseri
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yegane Bahrami
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Talebi
- Department of Microbiology, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
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AlMesbah N, Maatoug J, Selim N, Bougmiza I. Human papillomavirus prevalence and genotypes in Gulf Cooperation Council countries: A scoping review 2017-2024. Qatar Med J 2024; 2024:33. [PMID: 39131793 PMCID: PMC11311752 DOI: 10.5339/qmj.2024.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer remains a global health challenge, claiming the lives of millions annually and having a significant impact on Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Human papillomavirus (HPV), the primary causative agent, plays a central role, with regional variations in prevalence.1 The process from HPV infection to neoplastic changes takes 5-25 years to occur, hence, knowing its prevalence in our community is vital.2. Methods PubMed and SCOPUS were searched to identify articles related to cervical and anogenital HPV prevalence and genotypes in Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) published between 2017 and 2024. Results A total of 19 articles were included in this review. Eight studies were from KSA, four were from Kuwait, three were from the UAE, one was from Qatar, Oman, and Bahrain, and one presented data collectively from the KSA, UAE, Qatar, and Bahrain. The prevalence of HPV ranged between 4.7% and 77% in studies from the KSA, between 15% and 54.3% in studies from Kuwait, between 14.7% and 88% in studies from the UAE, was 8.1% and 31.3% in the two studies from Qatar, and was 17.8% and 20% in the studies from Oman and Bahrain, respectively. HPV 16 was the most prevalent high-risk genotype found in studies conducted in the KSA, UAE, Kuwait, and Qatar. In Oman, HPV 82 predominated. In Bahrain, the majority had other non-HPV 16/18/45 genotypes. In the UAE and Kuwait, HPV 11 was the predominant low-risk type, followed by HPV 6. In Qatar, HPV 81 was the most common low-risk type, followed by HPV 11. In Oman, HPV 54 was the most common low-risk type, followed by HPV 42. Conclusion There are no studies with data on HPV prevalence and genotypes among women who have been vaccinated against HPV in GCC countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahlah AlMesbah
- Community Medicine Residency Program, Medical Education, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar *
| | - Jihene Maatoug
- Community Medicine Residency Program, Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Faculty of Medicine, Sousse University, Tunisia
| | - Nagah Selim
- Community Medicine Residency Program, Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Iheb Bougmiza
- Community Medicine Residency Program, Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Faculty of Medicine, Sousse University, Tunisia
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
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Wang ZZ, Wang HL, Xiong W, Du J, Liu R. Traditional Chinese Medicine Erhuang Suppository for Treatment of Persistent High-risk Human Papillomavirus Infection and Its Impact on Transcriptome of Uterine Cervix. Curr Med Sci 2024:10.1007/s11596-024-2898-7. [PMID: 39039373 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-024-2898-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is the chief cause of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical carcinoma. The Erhuang suppository (EHS) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prepared from realgar (As2S2), Coptidis rhizoma, alumen, and borneolum syntheticum and has been used for antiviral and antitumor purposes. However, whether EHS can efficiently alleviate HR-HPV infection remains unclear. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of EHS for the treatment of persistent HR-HPV infection in the uterine cervix. METHODS In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of EHS in a randomized controlled clinical trial with a 3-month follow-up. Totally, 70 patients with persistent HR-HPV infection were randomly assigned to receive intravaginal administration of EHS or placebo. HPV DNA, ThinPrep cytologic test (TCT), colposcopy, and safety evaluation were carried out after treatment. Microarray analysis was performed to compare transcriptome profiles before and after EHS treatment. A K14-HPV16 mouse model was generated to confirm the efficiency of EHS. RESULTS After 3 months, 74.3% (26/35) of the patients in the treatment group were HPV negative, compared to 6.9% (2/29) in the placebo group. High-throughput microarrays revealed distinct transcriptome profiles after treatment. The differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in complement activation, immune response, and apoptotic processes. The K14-HPV16 mouse model also validated the remarkable efficacy of EHS. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that EHS is effective against HR-HPV infection and cervical lesions. Additionally, no obvious systemic toxicity was observed in patients during the trial. The superior efficacy and safety of EHS demonstrated its considerable value as a potential cost-effective drug for the treatment of HPV infection and HPV-related cervical diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Zhuo Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hui-Li Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Gambella A, Senetta R, Falco EC, Ricci AA, Mangherini L, Tampieri C, Fissore J, Orlando G, Manetta T, Mengozzi G, Mistrangelo M, Bertero L, Cassoni P. Prognostic and predictive role of YKL-40 in anal squamous cell carcinoma: a serological and tissue-based analysis in a multicentric cohort. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1372195. [PMID: 39045410 PMCID: PMC11263350 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1372195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASC) is a rare gastrointestinal malignancy showing an increased incidence over the past decades. YKL-40 is an immune modulator and pro-angiogenetic factor that showed a promising prognostic and predictive potential in several malignancies, but limited data are available for ASC. This study aims to provide an extensive evaluation of the prognostic and predictive role of YKL-40 in a multicenter cohort of ASC patients. Methods We retrospectively retrieved 72 consecutive cases of ASC diagnosed between February 2011 and March 2021. Both serum and tissue protein expression of YKL-40 were assessed, the latter in ASC tumor cells and peritumor immune cells. Results Increased YKL-40 serum levels at the time of diagnosis were associated with older age (p = 0.035), presence of cardiovascular/metabolic comorbidities (p = 0.007), and death for any cause (p = 0.011). In addition, high serum levels of YKL-40 were associated with a poor prognosis (HR: 2.82, 95% CI: 1.01-7.84; p = 0.047). Protein expression of YKL-40 in ASC tumor cells was significantly associated with low tumor grade (p = 0.031), while the increased expression in peritumor immune cells was associated with a worse response of patients to chemoradiotherapy (p = 0.007). However, YKL-40 protein expression in ASC tumor cells or peritumor immune cells did not significantly impact patient overall survival. Discussion In conclusion, YKL-40 resulted a relevant prognostic (serum level) and predictive (tissue protein expression in peritumor immune cells) biomarker and can considerably improve ASC patient clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Gambella
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Rebecca Senetta
- Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Alessia Andrea Ricci
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Mangherini
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristian Tampieri
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Jessica Fissore
- Pathology Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Orlando
- Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Tilde Manetta
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Giulio Mengozzi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Luca Bertero
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Cassoni
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Anqi-Liu, Jiali-Quan, Lingxian-Qiu, Yue-Huang, Wujian-Ke, Huachun-Zou, Ting-Wu, Xuqi-Ren. Attitudes toward an HPV vaccine for condyloma acuminata and willingness to undergo vaccination among STD clinic attendees in China: Focus on STI prevention with HPV vaccine. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1610. [PMID: 38886680 PMCID: PMC11181624 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18904-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Condyloma acuminata (CA) is a common, and recurrent sexually transmitted disease (STD) that greatly contributes to direct health care costs and has a substantial psychosocial impact. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination (containing L1 protein for HPV types 6 and 11) effectively controls CA. OBJECTIVES We investigated attitudes toward the HPV vaccine for CA and willingness to undergo vaccination among STD clinic attendees in China. METHODS Attendees at STD clinics at two selected hospitals in Guangdong and Jiangsu Provinces from May to September 2017 were requested to complete a self-administered questionnaire for this cross-sectional study. RESULTS The participants' median age was 28 years (IQR: 24.0-34.0), and the sex ratio was balanced; 63.5% were from Guangdong, 36.5% were from Jiangsu, and 44.5% had a history of CA. The vaccine acceptance rate was high among the participants (85.8%,235/274) to whom the HPV vaccine for CA was available, especially among those who had heard of CA (89.0%, AOR = 3.14, 95% CI: 1.29-7.63, p = 0.0114). 95 (34.7%) of 274 participants had a positive attitude toward the HPV vaccine for CA. STD clinic attendees who had heard of the connection between HPV and CA (AOR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.31-5.00, p = 0.0060), had heard of the HPV vaccines or cervical cancer vaccines (AOR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.02-3.54, p = 0.0444) and had ever proactively discussed CA or the vaccine with others (AOR = 1.95, 95% CI:1.00-3.79, p = 0.0488) had better attitudes toward the HPV vaccine for CA. Over half of the participants (52.5%) expected the price of the HPV vaccine for CA to be under $90. CONCLUSION The acceptance of the HPV vaccine for CA was high among STD clinic attendees in China, and the participants' self-perceived knowledge of CA and HPV was associated with better attitudes toward the HPV vaccine for CA. Education to improve knowledge is vital for reducing vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi-Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jiali-Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lingxian-Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yue-Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Wujian-Ke
- Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huachun-Zou
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting-Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xuqi-Ren
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
- Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Nugent D, Apoola A, Coleman H, Gilmour C, Lawton MD, Nori A, D C Ross J, Whitlock G, Yeend-Curd-Trimble H. British association for sexual health and HIV national guideline for the management of anogenital warts in adults (2024). Int J STD AIDS 2024; 35:498-509. [PMID: 38456387 DOI: 10.1177/09564624241233338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
This guideline offers recommendations on the diagnosis, treatment and health promotion principles needed for the effective management of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related warts at anogenital sites including the external genitals, vagina, cervix, urethra, perianus and anal canal. The guideline is aimed primarily at patients aged 16 years or older presenting to healthcare professionals working in level 3 sexual health services in the United Kingdom. However, the principles of the recommendations may be applied in other care settings, including in primary care, using locally adapted care pathways where appropriate. The management of HPV-related anogenital dysplasia or warts at other extragenital sites is outside the scope of this guideline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diarmuid Nugent
- Chelsea & Westminster Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ade Apoola
- Derbyshire Community Health Services NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK
| | - Harry Coleman
- Central & North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Cindy Gilmour
- Chelsea & Westminster Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Achyuta Nori
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jonathan D C Ross
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gary Whitlock
- Chelsea & Westminster Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Liu X, Xie B, Wang S, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Ruan L. Alteration of RNA m6A methylation mediates aberrant RNA binding protein expression and alternative splicing in condyloma acuminatum. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17376. [PMID: 38784389 PMCID: PMC11114121 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Condyloma acuminatum (CA) is caused by low-risk human papillomavirus, and is characterized by high recurrence after treatment. The RNA modification N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays an important role during diverse viral infections, including high-risk HPV infection in cervical cancer. However, it is unclear whether low-risk HPV infection changes the RNA m6A methylation in CA. Methods High-throughputm6A-sequencing was performed to profile the transcriptome-wide mRNA modifications of CA tissues infected by LR-HPVs and the paired normal tissues from CA patients. We further investigated the regulation of alternative splicing by RNA binding proteins (RBPs) with altered m6A modification and constructed a regulatory network among these RBPs, regulated alternative splicing events (RASEs) and regulated alternative splicing genes (RASGs) in CA. Results The results show that the m6A level in CA tissues differed from that in the paired controls. Furthermore, cell cycle- and cell adhesion- associated genes with m6A modification were differentially expressed in CA tissues compared to the paired controls. In particular, seven RNA binding protein genes with specific m6A methylated sites, showed a higher or lower expression at the mRNA level in CA tissues than in the paired normal tissues. In addition, these differentially expressed RNA binding protein genes would regulate the alternative splicing pattern of apoptotic process genes in CA tissue. Conclusions Our study reveals a sophisticated m6A modification profile in CA tissue that affects the response of host cells to HPV infection, and provides cues for the further exploration of the roles of m6A and the development of a novel treatment strategy for CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Xie
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Su Wang
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinhua Wu
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liming Ruan
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Zayan H, Hosny AH, Mamdouh MM, Tawfik YM. Efficacy of Intralesional Candida Antigen Versus Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine Versus Topical Podophyllin in Treatment of Resistant Genital Warts. J Cutan Med Surg 2024; 28:253-258. [PMID: 38497287 DOI: 10.1177/12034754241238012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No single treatment is ideal for genital warts with high rate of resistance using conventional modalities as topical podophyllin; however, several intralesional immunotherapies are being tested nowadays, with variable results. In this study, we compared the safety and efficacy of treating resistant and recurrent genital warts by 2 intralesional immunotherapies [Candida antigen and measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine] and compared them with topical podophyllin. PATIENTS/METHODS A total of 45 patients with resistant or recurrent genital warts were enrolled in this study. Size and number of warts were detected in each patient, patients were divided into 3 groups. Group A injected with intralesional Candida antigen. Group B with intralesional MMR vaccine. Group C were treated with topical 25% podophyllin. Patients received a session every 2 weeks for 3 treatment sessions. RESULTS With regard to the reduction in size and number of all warts, the best response was obtained in Candida antigen group where 46.7% showed complete clearance and 40% showed partial response followed by MMR group and the last was the podophyllin group, with no significant difference between them. Complete clearance of mother warts was noticed in 86.7% of Candida group, 53.3% in MMR group, and last 40% in podophyllin group, with a significantly better response in the Candida group (P = .027). CONCLUSION Both intralesional Candida antigen and MMR vaccine are simple, safe, and effective treatment options with comparable results and better response than topical podophyllin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham Zayan
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Hosny
- Department of Andrology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
| | | | - Yasmin M Tawfik
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Zhou Q, Chen F, Wang Y, Qu W, Gong Y, Cao Y, Zhang H, Wang Q, Chen L, Cong Q, Lin L, Mo J, Bi T, Ding J, Sui L, Li Y. Application of a diagnosis flow draft based on appearance impression for detection of vulvar disease. Diagnosis (Berl) 2024; 11:151-163. [PMID: 38143236 DOI: 10.1515/dx-2023-0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this retrospective study were to evaluate the clinical applicability of the latest International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease (ISSVD) and International Federation for Cervical Pathology and Colposcopy (IFCPC) terminology for vulvar diseases, and to explore a new evaluation flow to optimize decision-making on diagnosis. METHODS A total of 1,068 patients with 5,340 qualified vulvar images were evaluated by observers using 2011 ISSVD and 2011 IFCPC terminology systems. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, Youden Index and Overall Diagnostic Value (ODV) were calculated for each finding in the two systems. Then the disease diagnosis order and a diagnosis flow draft (DFD) were obtained. RESULTS A total of 15 kinds of vulvar diseases were diagnosed. The proportion of patients accompanied with cervical or vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia was highest (83.3 %) in vulvar Paget's disease group (p<0.001). Total area of lesions was larger in vulvar Paget's disease, lichen simplex chronicus and lichen sclerosus group (p<0.001). Among the top five findings of ODV, some findings inferred several (≥6) kinds of diseases, while some findings only exist in a certain disease. When the DFD was used, the agreement between the initial impression and histopathology diagnosis was 68.8 %, higher than those when ISSVD an IFCPC terminology systems used (p=0.028), and it didn't change with the experience of the observer (p=0.178). CONCLUSIONS Based on the findings in ISSVD and IFCPC terminology systems, we explored a DFD for observers with different experience on the detection of vulvar disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Fang Chen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Qu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yingxin Gong
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yuankui Cao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Limei Chen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qing Cong
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lin Lin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jiayin Mo
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Tianyi Bi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jingxin Ding
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Long Sui
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yanyun Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Alfhaid F, Alzahrani MK, Aljulifi MZ, Alrohaimi Y, Alawlah MN, AlMutairi FLM, Alkahtani SMH, Almousa MA, Alrashidi SN. Prevalence and Perception of HPV Vaccination Among Health Science Students in Saudi Arabia. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S695-S698. [PMID: 38595505 PMCID: PMC11000862 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_946_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was carried out to assess the prevalence and perception of human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination in health science students in Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia. Methodology A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at different health science colleges of Majmaah University on female students. The knowledge of the participants regarding HPV was assessed using a pre-tested questionnaire. The history of vaccination of these female participants was also enquired. Results More than three-fifth of the participants had heard about HPV. Of these, 83 participants, 59 (71.1%), were aware that it is a disease of women and how to diagnose it. Most participants (86.7%) knew that it can cause cervical cancer, while only 57.8% knew it could be asymptomatic. There were 18% of such participants who thought that HPV and human immunodeficiency virus are the same and that there is no vaccine for the prevention of HPV. Only 14.5% (n = 12) were vaccinated against HPV. Conclusion A clear gap between knowledge and practice of HPV vaccination was observed, and health education should be planned to educate health professionals to avoid misconceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Alfhaid
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Khater Alzahrani
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Zaid Aljulifi
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef Alrohaimi
- Department of Paediatric, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maram Nasser Alawlah
- General Physician, Department of Family Medicine, Qassim Cluster, Buraidah, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sara Mohammad H. Alkahtani
- General Physician, Department of Family Medicine, Ministry of Health, Al-Qassim Cluster, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
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Yuan H, Li R, Lv J, Yi G, Sun X, Zhao N, Zhao F, Xu A, Kou Z, Wen H. Epidemiology of human papillomavirus on condyloma acuminatum in Shandong Province,China. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2170662. [PMID: 36919446 PMCID: PMC10064924 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2170662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Condyloma acuminatum (CA) is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. It is important to study the prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes before implementing the HPV vaccination program. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of CA cases and the distribution of HPV genotypes in Shandong Province, China. One-to-one questionnaire surveys were conducted on all patients diagnosed with CA in sentinel hospitals from Shandong Province, China. HPV genotypes were determined using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-reverse dot blot hybridization method. The study enrolled 1185 patients (870 males and 315 females) and found that CA patients are mainly males and sexually active people between the ages of 20 and 40. Recurrence occurred in 34.7% patients. Among the 880 CA patients who underwent HPV typing, the HPV test positivity rate was 91.4%. In these cases, low-risk (LR) HPV infection was predominant, with an infection rate of 91.3%, while high-risk (HR) HPV genotypes were found in 53.5% patients. The most frequent HPV genotypes encountered were HPV6 (57.8%), HPV11 (37.2%), HPV16 (13.7%), and HPV42 (10.3%). HPV6 and/or HPV11 are the main infections in all patients, and more than half of the patients are coinfected with HR-HPV. However, unlike other regions, HPV42 has a higher prevalence rate among CA patients in Shandong Province and is a nonvaccine HPV genotype. Therefore, regular HPV typing helps to understand the characteristics of specific genotypes and the choice of the best type for vaccine coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Yuan
- Department of Microbiological Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Key laboratory for the prevention and control of infectious diseases (key labor-atory of China’s “13th Five-Year”, Shandong University), Jinan, China
| | - Renpeng Li
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Jinan, China
| | - Jian Lv
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, China
| | - Guipeng Yi
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xihong Sun
- Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Jining City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jining, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Veneorology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Fengjun Zhao
- Department of Andrology, Shandong Oriental Andrology Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Aiqiang Xu
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Jinan, China
| | - Zengqiang Kou
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Jinan, China
| | - Hongling Wen
- Department of Microbiological Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Key laboratory for the prevention and control of infectious diseases (key labor-atory of China’s “13th Five-Year”, Shandong University), Jinan, China
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12
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Liu J, Yang R, Huang J, Zhang M, Zhao X, Chu W, Wei L. Prevalence and risk factors of anal human papillomavirus infection among men with anal condyloma acuminata by HIV status in ShenZhen, Southeast China: A retrospective cohort study. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29282. [PMID: 38082477 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Patients with anal condyloma acuminatum (CA) are at risk of developing anal cancer which is associated with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Investigation of anal HPV prevalence and risk factors can provide effective strategies for the prevention of anal cancer. A retrospective study was conducted among 549 patients with anal CA in the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen between January 2019 and October 2021. HPV prevalence and HIV antibodies were detected by fluorescent PCR and ELISA, respectively. Logistic regression model and structural equation modeling (SEM) were conducted to analyzed the risk factors of oncogenic HPV infection. The overall prevalence of HPV was 96.72%. Both HPV6 (N = 285, 51.91%) and HPV11 (N = 300, 54.64%) were more than half infected and the most frequent Hr-HPV genotype was HPV16 (N = 138, 25.14%). HIV-positive (AOR: 5.02, 95% CI: 2.98-8.60, p < 0.0001) and history of syphilis (AOR: 4.24, 95% CI: 2.31-8.46, p < 0.0001) were independent risk factors statistically associated with oncogenic HPV infection. Ever had anal sex (AOR: 3.40, 95% CI: 1.28-11.81, p = 0.0267) and age 35 years and older (AOR: 2.79, 95% CI: 1.53-5.15, p = 0.0009) were associated with HPV16 and HPV52, respectively. SEM analyses showed that HIV-positive (b = 1.549, p < 0.001) and history of syphilis (b = 1.450, p < 0.001) had significant positive effects on oncogenic HPV infection. Ever had anal sex (b = 1.243, p = 0.025) and Age (b = 0.043, p = 0.002) positively drived HPV16 and HPV52 infection, respectively. Anal CA patients who are HIV-positive, have a history of syphilis, or at least 35 years old should be considered for Hr-HPV, cytology and other anal cancer related tests to reduce the risk of cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute for Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- School of Medicine, Taizhou Polytechnic College, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongqing Yang
- Department of Dermatovenerology, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Dermatovenerology, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingshuang Zhang
- Department of Dermatovenerology, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaobao Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute for Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenzhu Chu
- Department of Dermatology, Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lanlan Wei
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute for Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Adeli M, Moghaddam-Banaem L, Shahali S, Soori T. Genital warts and women's sexual challenges: is sexual compatibility possible? A qualitative study. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:610. [PMID: 37974155 PMCID: PMC10655343 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02771-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genital warts, besides their importance as symptoms of sexually transmitted infections, can also threaten the sexual health of couples. The purpose of this study was to explore the sexual compatibility in women with active genital warts. METHODS A qualitative study with a conventional content analysis approach in Tehran, Iran, from January 2019 to February 2020 was conducted on a purposeful sample of data saturation achieved after interviewing 14 women with genital warts, 2 couples and 3 dermatologists, 1 sexologist and 1 infectious disease specialist. Data were collected through unstructured interviews and analyzed using conventional content analysis approach. RESULTS After data analysis 224 initial codes, 5 main categories "change in the frequency of sexual activity", "changing types of sexual intercourse", "protected sexual intercourse", "concealment of lesions", "focusing on personal hygiene by couples after sexual activity" and finally a central theme of "adaptation to challenges of sexual intercourse" were extracted. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the perceptions and experiences of women with active genital warts about the process of their sexual adaptation. The main concepts found in this study focus on challenges related to sexual intercourse. It seems that recognizing women's sexual adaptation challenges after getting genital warts may help them take effective and practical measures to improve their sexual compatibility and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadese Adeli
- Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Lida Moghaddam-Banaem
- Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shadab Shahali
- Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Tahereh Soori
- Department of Infectious Disease, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Aguilar-Alvarado MY, Baker B, Chiu LS, Shah MK. Benign Colorectal Disorders. Prim Care 2023; 50:461-480. [PMID: 37516514 DOI: 10.1016/j.pop.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Benign conditions of the colon and rectum are a heterogeneous group of conditions that range from inflammatory to infectious to pelvic floor health conditions that affect large segments of the US population. These conditions include diverticular disease, hemorrhoids, and anorectal lesions. The initial presentation of these very common conditions often occurs in the outpatient primary care setting, and most can be managed by the primary care clinician. This article will provide an overview on the prevalence, diagnosis, and management of some of the most common benign colorectal disorders; these are broadly divided into diverticular disease, hemorrhoids, and anorectal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernadette Baker
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Laura S Chiu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Megha K Shah
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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15
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Jankowski M, Grudziąż-Sękowska J, Wrześniewska-Wal I, Tyszko P, Sękowski K, Ostrowski J, Gujski M, Pinkas J. National HPV Vaccination Program in Poland-Public Awareness, Sources of Knowledge, and Willingness to Vaccinate Children against HPV. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1371. [PMID: 37631939 PMCID: PMC10459249 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11081371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Since 1 June 2023, a nationwide HPV vaccination program was implemented in Poland. This study aimed to identify factors associated with public awareness of the national HPV vaccination program among adults in Poland and willingness to vaccinate children against HPV. This cross-sectional study was carried out between 14 and 17 July 2023 among 1056 adults in Poland. A self-prepared questionnaire was used. Among the respondents, 51.3% had heard about the free HPV vaccination program. The major source of knowledge on the national HPV vaccination program was TV (62%). Only 31.9% of respondents correctly indicated girls and boys aged 12 and 13 as the HPV-vaccination-eligible population. Willingness to vaccinate children against HPV was declared by 63.3% of respondents. Female gender (OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.11-1.81; p < 0.01), age 35-64 years (p < 0.05), having higher education (OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.11-1.84; p < 0.01), and living in cities with more than 500,000 residents (OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.01-2.28; p < 0.05) were significantly associated with higher odds to hear about the national HPV vaccination program. Age 50 years and over (p < 0.05), having higher education (OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.09-1.88; p < 0.05), living in cities with more than 500,000 residents (OR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.14-2.83; p < 0.05), and no children under 18 in the home (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.01-1.89; p < 0.05) were significantly associated with willingness to vaccinate children against HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Jankowski
- School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-826 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.)
| | | | - Iwona Wrześniewska-Wal
- School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-826 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.)
| | - Piotr Tyszko
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-007 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Rural Health in Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Kuba Sękowski
- School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-826 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.)
| | - Janusz Ostrowski
- School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-826 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.)
| | - Mariusz Gujski
- Department of Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Pinkas
- School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-826 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.)
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16
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Amin FAS, Un Naher Z, Ali PSS. Molecular markers predicting the progression and prognosis of human papillomavirus-induced cervical lesions to cervical cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:8077-8086. [PMID: 37000261 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04710-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Persistent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is linked to 99% of cervical cancer (CC) cases. HPV types 16 and 18 alone result in 75% of CC cases and thus are considered to be high-risk types (HR-HPV). CC is the third most common cancer among women globally. Approximately, 7000 patients die from it yearly. It is worthy to note that not every patient with HPV precancerous lesions will progress to CC. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this review is to explore the utilization of molecular and viral biomarkers as a tool for early detection and prediction of HPV-induced cervical lesions that might progress to CC. METHODS The data bases PubMed, Google Scholar, EBSCO were searched using keywords CC screening, HPV, and recent molecular biomarkers. The search time frame was within the last 7 years. Studies on HPV-induced cancers other than CC were excluded; a total of 200 eligible articles were retrieved. RESULTS In this review we explored the current literature about HPV virology, virulence genes and early diagnostic/prognostic molecular biomarkers in CC. The oncogenic property of HPV is attributed to viral expression of various early proteins (E5, E6, E7). The interaction between viral oncoproteins and the cellular genetic apparatus alters the expression of many genes at different phases of the disease. There was an association between cervical lesions induced by HR-HPV and the overexpression of markers of oxidative DNA damage and other proteins. The markers p16INK4a, programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1, mismatch repair enzymes (MMR), miRNA-377, claudin family (CLDN) are dysregulated and are associated with high risk lesions. Furthermore, advanced older cervical lesions were associated with high methylation levels and higher risk to progress to CC. CONCLUSION Adding different the above markers to the CC screening program scheme might offer a triage for prioritizing patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zeba Un Naher
- School of Medicine, Maldives National University, Male', Maldives
| | - P Shaik Syed Ali
- School of Medicine, Maldives National University, Male', Maldives
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17
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Zhang D, Qu Y, Sui C, Li M, Yuan Y, Wang N, Ma W. CD207 Expression Level is a New Prognostic Marker for Condyloma Acuminatum. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:1607-1613. [PMID: 37383183 PMCID: PMC10295532 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s412162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Background Condyloma cuminata (CA) is a sexually transmitted disease caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which is prone to recurrence and difficult to cure in the short term. CD207 is a C-type lectin receptor that is specifically expressed on the surface of Langerhans cells (LCs) and is considered as an LC-specific immunohistochemical marker. The main purpose of this study is to explore the correlation between the expression of CD207 in CA skin lesions and the duration of CA disease course and frequency of recurrence, in order to provide new prognostic markers for CA to clinicians. Materials and Methods A total of 40 male patients with CA and their skin lesions were collected, as well as 40 healthy male penile tissue samples. The skin lesions of CA were clinically and histologically confirmed by acetic acid test. The expression of CD207 in epidermal tissues was detected using immunohistochemistry. The difference in the number of CD207 positive cells between CA skin lesions and healthy skin controls was compared, and the association between the number of CD207 positive cells in CA skin lesions and the duration of disease course and the frequency of recurrence was determined through Spearman correlation analysis. Conclusion In CA skin lesions, CD207 positive cells were found to have morphological abnormalities and the number of cells was significantly reduced compared to healthy skin, suggesting that there may be antigen presentation dysfunction in CA skin lesions, which may be the reason for the prolonged and unresolved condition of the disease. The fewer CD207 positive cells in CA skin lesions, the longer the disease course and the more frequent the recurrence, therefore, the expression level of CD207 can be used as a new prognostic marker for predicting the outcome of CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Qu
- Department of Dermatology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changlin Sui
- Department of Dermatology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiling Li
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Yuan
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningning Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiyuan Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Albuquerque A, Etienney I. Identification and Reporting of Anal Pathology during Routine Colonoscopies. JOURNAL OF COLOPROCTOLOGY 2023; 43:152-158. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1769921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe gold-standard procedure for anal canal examination is anoscopy. Nonetheless, patients are referred for a colonoscopy for many reasons, and a routine exam might provide an opportunity to diagnose anal pathologies, such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, anal polyps, condylomas, and anal squamous cell carcinoma. It is important to know the main features of these conditions and relevant information to report in order to help guide patient treatment and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Albuquerque
- Gastroenterology Department, Teaching Hospital of Fernando Pessoa University, Cosme, Portugal
- Precancerous lesions and early cancer management research group RISE@CI-IPO (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabelle Etienney
- Department of Proctology, Deaconesses Croix Saint-Simon Hospital, Paris, France
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19
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Malli IA, Kabli BA, Alhakami LA. Sexually Transmitted Diseases among Saudi Women: Knowledge and Misconceptions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4858. [PMID: 36981767 PMCID: PMC10048940 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The rate of sexually transmitted diseases is increasing globally. Thus, this study aimed to examine the Al akami female community's knowledge about the nature of sexually transmitted diseases and their associated factors. The STDs-Knowledge Questionnaire (STDs-KQ) was utilized to collect data from the female community (355) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The data were analyzed using JMP Statistics for Windows, version 15. The significance level was set at 0.05. The study reported that participants had a relatively low understanding of STDs in acquisition, protection, prevention, and clinical signs and symptoms; only 33 (9%) had high knowledge scores (10-18), while 70% thought one virus caused all forms of STDs. Also, only 15% of the respondents knew the clinical features of the Chlamydia infection, and 18% identified the correct mode of its transmission. Also, older participants with clinical exposure had a higher knowledge score than young and single females, p < 0.05. A positive correlation between age and knowledge score was reported, r (354) = 0.339, p < 0.0001. The low knowledge scores were associated with marital status, age, and clinical exposure. Practical strategies to minimize literacy toward sexual education and increase the quality of sexual life must be promoted by educators and the academic curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israa Abdullah Malli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basmah Abdullah Kabli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lujain Ali Alhakami
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of National Guard—Health Affairs, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Prete AA, Manca P, Messina M, Formica V, Frassineti GL, Zampino MG, Corsi DC, Orciuolo C, Prisciandaro M, Bergamo F, Angerilli V, Scartozzi M, Casagrande M, Masi G, Ronzoni M, Morano F, Vettore V, Salmaso R, Rasola C, Maddalena G, Del Bianco P, Milione M, Cremolini C, Fassan M, Pietrantonio F, Lonardi S. Extensive molecular profiling of squamous cell anal carcinoma in a phase 2 trial population: Translational analyses of the "CARACAS" study. Eur J Cancer 2023; 182:87-97. [PMID: 36753836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular characteristics of squamous cell anal carcinoma (SCAC) are poorly explored. Immune checkpoint inhibitors showed limited activity in phase I/II trials, but predictive and prognostic biomarkers are lacking. PATIENTS AND METHODS In the phase II randomised trial CARACAS (NCT03944252), avelumab alone (Arm A) or with cetuximab (Arm B) was tested in pre-treated advanced SCAC , with overall response rate being the primary end-point. On pre-treatment tumour tissue samples, we assessed Human papillomavirus status, programmed-death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, mismatch repair proteins expression, tumour mutational burden (TMB) and comprehensive genomic profiling by FoundationOne CDx. Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes were characterised on haematoxylin-eosine-stained samples. Primary objective was to describe response to immunotherapy in the CARACAS trial population according to molecular and histological characteristics. Secondary objectives were to assess progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) according to molecular biomarkers. RESULTS High PD-L1 (>40 with combined positive score) was significantly more frequent in patients with disease control (p = 0.0109). High TMB (>10 mutations per megabase) was related to better OS (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.09; 95%confidence interval (CI) 0.01-0.68; p = 0.019) and PFS (HR = 0.44; 95%CI = 0.15-1.27; p = 0.129). High expression of PD-L1 conferred longer OS (HR = 0.46; 95%CI = 0.19-1.08; p = 0.075) and PFS (HR = 0.42; 95%CI = 0.20-0.92; p = 0.03). Neither OS (HR = 1.30; 95%CI = 0.72-2.36; p = 0.39) or PFS (HR = 1.31; 95%CI = 0.74-2.31; p = 0.357) was affected by high (>1.2) Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes count. High TMB and PD-L1identified patients were with significantly better OS (HR = 0.33; 95%CI = 0.13-0.81; p = 0.015) and PFS (HR = 0.48; 95%CI = 0.23-1.00; p = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, TranslaCARACAS is the first study to document prognostic role of TMB and PD-L1 in advanced SCAC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra A Prete
- Medical Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Manca
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumouri, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Messina
- Oncologia, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Cefalù, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni L Frassineti
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumouri "Dino Amadori" (IRST), Meldola, Italy
| | - Maria G Zampino
- Division of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology and Neuroendocrine Tumours, European Institute of Oncology - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico C Corsi
- Medical Oncology Unit Ospedale San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado Orciuolo
- Oncology Unit, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Human Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Bergamo
- Medical Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Angerilli
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Gianluca Masi
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Monica Ronzoni
- Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Morano
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumouri, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Vettore
- Medical Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberta Salmaso
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua Padua, Italy
| | - Cosimo Rasola
- Medical Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy; Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia Maddalena
- Medical Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy; Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Paola Del Bianco
- Clinical Research Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Massimo Milione
- Department of the Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumouri, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Cremolini
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy.
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua Padua, Italy; Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Sara Lonardi
- Medical Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
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HPV-Induced Anal and Peri-Anal Neoplasia, a Surgeon's Experience: 5-Year Case Series. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13040702. [PMID: 36832190 PMCID: PMC9955444 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13040702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: One of the most known sexually transmitted diseases is Condylomata acuminata (CA), a skin lesion occurring due to infection from Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). CA has a typical appearance of raised, skin-colored papules ranging in size from 1 mm to 5 mm. These lesions often form cauliflower-like plaques. Depending on the involved HPV-subtype (either high-risk or low-risk) and its malignant potential, these lesions are likely to lead to malignant transformation when specific HPV subtypes and other risk factors are present. Therefore, high clinical suspicion is required when examining the anal and perianal area. Methods: In this article, the authors aim to present the results of a five-year case series (2016-2021) of anal and perianal cases of CA. Results: A total of 35 patients were included in this study. Patients were categorized based on specific criteria, which included gender, sex preferences, and human immunodeficiency virus infection. All patients underwent proctoscopy and excision biopsies were obtained. Based on dysplasia grade patients were further categorized. The group of patients where high-dysplasia squamous cell carcinoma was present was initially treated with chemoradiotherapy. Abdominoperineal resection was necessary in five cases after local recurrence. Conclusions: CA remains a serious condition where several treatment options are available if detected early. Delay in diagnosis can lead to malignant transformation, often leaving abdominoperineal resection as the only option. Vaccination against HPV poses a key role in eliminating the transmission of the virus, and thus the prevalence of CA.
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Govindaraj R, Govindaraj S. A perianal conundrum and its management: Condyloma versus carcinoma. Int J Surg Case Rep 2022; 103:107864. [PMID: 36634503 PMCID: PMC9843280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.107864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Giant condyloma acuminatum is an uncommon sexually transmitted disease. It also goes by the name Buschke-Löwenstein tumor and develops in immunocompromised patients in the anogenital area [1]. It is caused by human papillomavirus infection, subtypes 6 and 11 [2]. It grows rapidly with the destruction of local tissues, and often recurs [3]. Giant condyloma acuminatum can mimic squamous cell carcinoma. The work has been reported in line with SCARE criteria [4]. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 44-year-old gentleman had presented with an insidious growing painless mass in the perianal region with anal canal invasion of 2 years duration. Over the last 3 months, it was associated with a rapid increase in size along with an ulcer and bleeding. He was a renal transplant recipient, on immunosuppressive therapy. The dermatologist had referred him to the surgeon with a concern of malignancy. He underwent examination under anesthesia and an incisional biopsy. The pathologist reported it as condyloma acuminata. The dermatologist had tried a few sessions of cryotherapy without success and the fear of malignancy was still lurking. He underwent wide local excision of the tumor and reconstruction of the anocutaneous junction with an advancement flap. The pathologist had reported the lesion as a large verrucous lesion consistent with condyloma acuminata. Short-term follow-up showed good continence of the anal canal and no recurrence. CONCLUSION Giant condyloma acuminatum can mimic squamous cell carcinoma. So when in doubt and conservative treatment fails, surgical excision is a good option both for treatment and pathological confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rithvik Govindaraj
- Department of Dermatology, St. John's Medical College & Hospital (SJMCH), Bangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Shrenik Govindaraj
- Department of General Surgery & Division of MAS, St. John's Medical College Hospital (SJMCH), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
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Osmani V, Fett S, Tauscher M, Donnachie E, Schneider A, Klug SJ. HPV vaccination leads to decrease of anogenital warts and precancerous lesions of the cervix uteri in young women with low vaccination rates: a retrospective cohort analysis. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1293. [PMID: 36494790 PMCID: PMC9732997 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10214-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has been recommended in Germany for girls since 2007, no organised vaccination programme was introduced and HPV vaccine coverage remains low. We investigated the HPV vaccination rates from 2008 to 2018 and the effects of HPV vaccination on anogenital warts and precancerous lesions in young women in Bavaria, Germany, a state with low vaccination rates. METHODS Retrospective analyses of claims data from the Bavarian Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (KVB) on females born between 1990 and 2009 (9 to 28 years old in 2018) were conducted to calculate vaccination rates by birth cohort, proportion of vaccine types administered and incidence of anogenital warts and precancerous lesions of the cervix uteri. 942 841 Bavarian females 9 to 28 years old with available information on HPV vaccination were included to calculate vaccination rates. For the outcome analyses, data from 433 346 females 19 to 28 years old were analysed. Hazard ratios (HR) were computed from univariable and multivariable Cox regression models comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated women, considering type of vaccine used and contraceptive prescription. RESULTS 40·9% of 18-year-olds and only 13·3% of 12-year-olds were fully vaccinated in 2018 in Bavaria. Gardasil® and Gardasil9® were most commonly administered. Vaccinated compared to unvaccinated women had a lower incidence of anogenital warts and cervical lesions, however only small differences were detected between fully and partially vaccinated women. Fully vaccinated women had a 63% (HR 0·37 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0·34 to 0·40) and 23% (HR 0·77, 95%CI 0·71 to 0·84) lower risk of anogenital warts and cervical lesions, respectively. Women who were prescribed contraceptives prior to vaccination had a 49% higher risk of developing anogenital warts (HR 1·49, 95%CI 1·25 to 1·79) or cervical lesions (HR 1·49, 95%CI 1·27 to 1·75) compared to vaccinated women without contraceptive prescription. CONCLUSIONS The evaluation of the effects of HPV vaccination in Bavaria showed a promising decline of anogenital warts and precancerous lesions in vaccinated young women. However, an increase in vaccination rates is necessary to achieve a greater population impact in preventing HPV-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Osmani
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 56, 80992 Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Fett
- The Bavarian Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (KVB), Elsenheimerstraße 39, 80687 Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Tauscher
- The Bavarian Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (KVB), Elsenheimerstraße 39, 80687 Munich, Germany
| | - Ewan Donnachie
- The Bavarian Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (KVB), Elsenheimerstraße 39, 80687 Munich, Germany
| | - Antonius Schneider
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Institute of General Practice and Health Services Research, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Orleansstrasse 47, 81667 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie J. Klug
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Chair of Epidemiology, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 56, 80992 Munich, Germany
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Chang KC, Chen YC, Ding DC. Condyloma acuminatum mimicking cervical cancer in a pregnant woman and treatment with cryotherapy: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32273. [PMID: 36626521 PMCID: PMC9750563 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Condyloma acuminata and anogenital warts are protruding papillomatous lesions caused by human papillomavirus. In pregnant women, condyloma acuminata over the cervical region may grow rapidly, mimicking cervical cancer. PATIENT CONCERNS A pregnant woman at 14 weeks of gestation with condyloma acuminatum mimicking cervical cancer was referred to our hospital for further management. DIAGNOSIS Condyloma acuminata. INTERVENTIONS Tumor biopsy was performed twice, and the pathology confirmed condyloma acuminatum. Immunohistochemistry revealed focal positivity for p16 and Ki-67. Cryotherapy was performed and regular follow-up was performed at 2-week intervals. A small residual condyloma acuminata was found and treated with cryotherapy. OUTCOME During the follow-up period, no recurrence of condyloma acuminata was noted. She delivered a baby at 37 weeks of gestation via cesarean section, without complications. LESSONS Condyloma acuminata of the cervix may grow faster during pregnancy, mimicking cervical cancer. Multiple factors must be considered when treating condyloma acuminata during pregnancy. Cryotherapy is proposed as a 1st-line treatment in all trimesters because of its safety, convenience, and cost-effectiveness. Serial follow-up at 2-week intervals to observe post-cryotherapy conditions is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chieh Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan ROC
| | - Yen-Chang Chen
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan ROC
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan ROC
| | - Dah-Ching Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan ROC
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan ROC
- * Correspondence: Dah-Ching Ding, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation, No. 707, Chung-Yang Rd., Sec. 3, Hualien 970, Taiwan ROC (e-mail: )
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Ates M, Akbulut S, Tuncer A, Sahin E, Karabulut E, Sarici KB. Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising from Perianal Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor (Giant Condyloma Acuminatum): Comprehensive Literature Review. J Gastrointest Cancer 2022; 53:1083-1092. [PMID: 34694593 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-021-00713-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to provide an overview of the literature on carcinoma arising from giant perianal condyloma acuminatum. METHODS We present a new case of squamous cell carcinoma arising from giant perianal condyloma acuminatum. We also conducted a systematic search of the medical literature using PubMed, Medline, Google, and Google Scholar related to carcinoma arising from giant perianal condyloma acuminatum. The following search terms were used in various combinations: condyloma acuminatum, giant condyloma acuminatum, Buschke-Lowenstein tumor, squamous cell carcinoma, and verrucous carcinoma. The search included articles published before in the English language November 2020. RESULTS A total of 55 article concerning 97 patients with carcinoma (squamous cell carcinoma, verrucous carcinoma, basaloid cell carcinoma, carcinoma insitu) arising from giant perianal condyloma acuminatum meeting the aforementioned criteria were included. The patients were aged from 24 to 82 years (median: 49.6, IQR: 21); 20 were female (median age: 52.5, IQR: 20.5), and 75 were male (median age: 53, IQR: 17.5). The gender data of the remaining two patients could not be obtained. The histopathological features of tumors arising from giant condyloma acuminatum are as follows: squamous cell carcinoma (n = 56), squamous cell carcinoma in situ (n = 16), verrucous carcinoma (n = 19) and basaloid cell carcinoma (n = 1), squamous cell carcinoma + verrucous carcinoma (n = 1), squamous cell carcinoma + squamous cell carcinoma in situ (n = 1), squamous cell carcinoma + basaloid cell carcinoma (n = 1) and malignant behavior (n = 2). CONCLUSION Giant condyloma acuminatum is a rare variant of anogenital warts. It is known that this tumor, which is mostly thought to be benign, has a high potential for local recurrence and transformation into invasive cancer. Therefore, it is vital that the tumor is resected with clean surgical margins, even if it looks benign, and that aggressive treatment options are not avoided when necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ates
- Department of Surger, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Sami Akbulut
- Department of Surger, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey.
- Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Adem Tuncer
- Department of Surger, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Emrah Sahin
- Department of Surger, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Ertugrul Karabulut
- Department of Surger, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Kemal Baris Sarici
- Department of Surger, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
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Mo ZJ, Bi ZF, Sheng W, Chen Q, Huang T, Li MQ, Cui XL, Wangjiang YH, Lin BZ, Zheng FZ, Sun G, Li YF, Zheng Y, Zhuang SJ, Su YY, Pan HR, Huang SJ, Wu T, Zhang J, Xia NS. Safety and immunogenicity of an Escherichia coli-produced bivalent human papillomavirus type 6/11 vaccine: A dose-escalation, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1 trial. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2092363. [PMID: 35834812 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2092363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A dose-escalation, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1 clinical trial enrolled 145 eligible participants aged 18-55 years in March 2015 in Liuzhou, China. Stratified by age and sex, the participants were randomly assigned to receive either 30, 60, or 90 μg of the HPV-6/11 vaccine (n = 41/40/40) or the parallel placebo vaccine (n = 8/8/8) with a 0/1/6-month dose-escalation schedule. Participants were actively followed-up to record local and systemic AEs occurring within 30 days after each vaccination, and SAEs occurred in 7 months. Blood and urine samples of each participant were collected before and 2 days after the first and third vaccination to determine changes in routine blood, serum biochemical, and urine indexes. Serum HPV-6/11-specific IgG and neutralizing antibody levels at month 7 were analyzed. A total of 79 adverse events were reported, and no SAEs occurred. The incidences of total adverse reactions in the 30 μg, 60 μg, and 90 μg HPV vaccine groups and the control group were 31.7%, 50.0%, 42.5%, and 62.5%, respectively. All but one of the adverse reactions was mild or moderate with grade 1 or 2. No vaccine-related changes with clinical significance were found in paired blood and urine indexes before and after vaccinations. All the participants in the per-protocol set seroconverted at month 7 for both IgG and neutralizing antibodies. The candidate novel Escherichia-coli-produced bivalent HPV-6/11 vaccine has been preliminarily proven to be well tolerated and with robust immunogenicity in a phase 1 clinical study, supporting further trials with larger sample size. The study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02405520).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Jun Mo
- Expanded Program on Immunization Department, Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhao-Feng Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Teng Huang
- Expanded Program on Immunization Department, Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ming-Qiang Li
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Xue-Lian Cui
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Ya-Hui Wangjiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Bi-Zhen Lin
- Vaccine R&D Department, Xiamen Innovax Biotech Company, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Feng-Zhu Zheng
- Vaccine R&D Department, Xiamen Innovax Biotech Company, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Guang Sun
- Vaccine R&D Department, Xiamen Innovax Biotech Company, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ya-Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Si-Jie Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ying-Ying Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hui-Rong Pan
- Vaccine R&D Department, Xiamen Innovax Biotech Company, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shou-Jie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ning-Shao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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Yang Y, Li H, Fotopoulou C, Cunnea P, Zhao X. Toll-like receptor-targeted anti-tumor therapies: Advances and challenges. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1049340. [PMID: 36479129 PMCID: PMC9721395 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1049340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors, originally discovered to stimulate innate immune reactions against microbial infection. TLRs also play essential roles in bridging the innate and adaptive immune system, playing multiple roles in inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Thanks to the immune stimulatory potential of TLRs, TLR-targeted strategies in cancer treatment have proved to be able to regulate the tumor microenvironment towards tumoricidal phenotypes. Quantities of pre-clinical studies and clinical trials using TLR-targeted strategies in treating cancer have been initiated, with some drugs already becoming part of standard care. Here we review the structure, ligand, signaling pathways, and expression of TLRs; we then provide an overview of the pre-clinical studies and an updated clinical trial watch targeting each TLR in cancer treatment; and finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects of TLR-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Christina Fotopoulou
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paula Cunnea
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xia Zhao
- Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Leader AE, Miller-Day M, Rey RT, Selvan P, Pezalla AE, Hecht ML. The impact of HPV vaccine narratives on social media: Testing narrative engagement theory with a diverse sample of young adults. Prev Med Rep 2022; 29:101920. [PMID: 36161120 PMCID: PMC9502044 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rates of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are highest in young adults, who can be vaccinated against HPV if they were not vaccinated as adolescents. Since young adults increasingly access health information on social media, we tested the impact of a social media campaign with narrative-based health information on intentions related to HPV vaccination. We also aimed to understand which ads resonated most with young adults and led to higher survey completion rates. We created social media posts featuring videos promoting HPV vaccination. We launched a sponsored ad campaign on Facebook to reach young women, ages 18–26, across the country. Participants were randomly assigned one of 6 videos and then completed a brief survey about video engagement and intentions to: talk with a health care professional, talk with friends or family, and vaccinate against HPV. A descriptive correlational design and a test for moderation were used to explore hypothesized relationships. Across all ads, 1332 link clicks led to 991 completed surveys that were reduced to 607 surveys (95 % ages 18–26, 63 % non-Caucasian; 58 % sexually active). Higher video engagement was associated with stronger intentions to talk with a health care professional (r = 0.44, p =.01), talk with friends/family (r = 0.52, p =.01), and vaccinate against HPV (r = 0.43, p =.01). Young adults were receptive to watching narrative-based health information videos on social media. When promoting HPV vaccination, more engaging information leads to greater intentions to talk about the vaccine and get vaccinated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E. Leader
- Division of Population Science, Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, United States
- Corresponding author at: Population Science, Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, 834 Chestnut Street, Suite 314, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States.
| | | | - Rikishi T. Rey
- Department of Communication, Clemson University, United States
| | - Preethi Selvan
- Division of Population Science, Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, United States
| | - Anne E. Pezalla
- REAL Prevention, LLC, United States
- Department of Psychology, Macalester College, United States
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29
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Zhu P, Qi R, Yang Y, Huo W, Zhang Y, He L, Wang G, Xu J, Zhang F, Yang R, Tu P, Ma L, Liu Q, Li Y, Gu H, Cheng B, Chen X, Chen A, Xiao S, Jin H, Zhang J, Li S, Yao Z, Pan W, Yang H, Shen Z, Cheng H, Song P, Fu L, Chen H, Geng S, Zeng K, Wang J, Tao J, Chen Y, Wang X, Gao X. Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous warts (2022). J Evid Based Med 2022; 15:284-301. [PMID: 36117295 PMCID: PMC9825897 DOI: 10.1111/jebm.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM Cutaneous warts caused by human papillomavirus are benign proliferative lesions that occur at any ages in human lives. Updated, comprehensive and systematic evidence-based guidelines to guide clinical practice are urgently needed. METHODS We collaborated with multidisciplinary experts to formulate this guideline based on evidences of already published literature, focusing on 13 clinical questions elected by a panel of experts. We adopted Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system to form classification of recommendations as well as the improved Delphi method to retain respective recommendations with a consensus degree of over 80%. RESULTS Our guideline covered aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous warts such as diagnostic gold standard, transmission routes, laboratory tests, treatment principle, clinical cure criterion, definitions, and treatments of common warts, flat warts, plantar warts, condyloma acuminatum, and epidermodysplasia verruciformis. Recommendations about special population such as children and pregnant women are also listed. In total, 49 recommendations have been obtained. CONCLUSIONS It is a comprehensive and systematic evidence-based guideline and we hope this guideline could systematically and effectively guide the clinical practice of cutaneous warts and improve the overall levels of medical services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyao Zhu
- Department of DermatologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical UniversityHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical UniversityMinistry of EducationHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Immunodermatological TheranosticsHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
| | - Rui‐Qun Qi
- Department of DermatologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical UniversityHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical UniversityMinistry of EducationHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Immunodermatological TheranosticsHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of DermatologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical UniversityHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical UniversityMinistry of EducationHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Immunodermatological TheranosticsHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
| | - Wei Huo
- Department of DermatologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical UniversityHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical UniversityMinistry of EducationHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Immunodermatological TheranosticsHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence‐Based MedicineThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
| | - Li He
- Department of DermatologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingP.R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of DermatologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an, ShaanxiP. R. China
| | - Jinhua Xu
- Department of DermatologyHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Furen Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and VenereologyShandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanP.R. China
| | - Rongya Yang
- Department of DermatologyGeneral Hospital of Beijing Military Command of PLADongcheng DistrictBeijingP.R. China
| | - Ping Tu
- Department of Dermatology and VenerologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingP.R. China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of DermatologyBeijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children's HealthBeijingP.R. China
| | - Quanzhong Liu
- Department of DermatologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinP.R. China
| | - Yuzhen Li
- Department of DermatologySecond Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinP.R. China
| | - Heng Gu
- Institute of DermatologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingP.R. China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Department of DermatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouP.R. China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of DermatologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaP.R. China
| | - Aijun Chen
- Department of DermatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingP.R. China
| | - Shengxiang Xiao
- Department of DermatologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anP.R. China
| | - Hongzhong Jin
- Department of DermatologyPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeDongcheng DistrictBeijingP.R. China
| | - Junling Zhang
- Department of DermatologyTianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated HospitalTianjinP.R. China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of DermatologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceP.R. China
| | - Zhirong Yao
- Department of DermatologyXinhua HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Weihua Pan
- Department of DermatologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical MycologySecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Huilan Yang
- Department of DermatologyGeneral Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLAGuangzhouP.R. China
| | - Zhu Shen
- Department of DermatologyInstitute of Dermatology and VenereologySichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalChengduP.R. China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Dermatology and VenereologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouP.R. China
| | - Ping Song
- Department of DermatologyGuang'anmen HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingP.R. China
| | - Lingyu Fu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence‐Based MedicineThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
| | - Hongxiang Chen
- Department of DermatologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanP.R. China
| | - Songmei Geng
- Department of DermatologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiP.R. China
| | - Kang Zeng
- Department of DermatologyNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouP.R. China
| | - Jianjian Wang
- Evidence‐Based Medicine CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouP.R. China
| | - Juan Tao
- Department of DermatologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanP.R. China
| | - Yaolong Chen
- Evidence‐Based Medicine CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouP.R. China
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Guideline Implementation and Knowledge TranslationLanzhouP.R. China
- GIN AsiaLanzhouP.R. China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Institute of PhotomedicineShanghai Skin Disease HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Xing‐Hua Gao
- Department of DermatologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical UniversityHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical UniversityMinistry of EducationHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Immunodermatological TheranosticsHeping DistrictShenyangP.R. China
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Prevalence, Diversity, and Risk Factors for Cervical HPV Infection in Women Screened for Cervical Cancer in Belém, Pará, Northern Brazil. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11090960. [PMID: 36145392 PMCID: PMC9506000 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11090960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common viral sexually transmitted infection of the reproductive tract, and cervical cancer is the most common HPV-related disease. This study estimated the prevalence, diversity of HPV genotypes, and associated risk factors in women screened for cervical cancer in northern Brazil. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in Belém, Pará, in the Amazon region of Brazil, and it included 162 women who were spontaneously undergoing a Pap-smear routine. Epidemiological, sexual, and health-related information was collected by interviews, and cervical samples were collected for cytological examination and HPV-DNA detection. HPV genotypes were classified as low risk (LR) and high risk (HR) by nucleotide sequencing. Results: In total, 17.3% (28/162) of the participants had HPV-DNA, and LR-HPV was the most prevalent (71.4%). Among the 13 different types of HPV detected, HPV-11 was found most frequently (12/28; 42.9%), followed by HPV-31 (3/28; 10.7%). Of the participants with cytological alterations, HPV infection was detected in only four: two were diagnosed with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (15.4%), one with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (7.7%), and one with atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (7.7%). Of the 61 women who presented a normal cytology, 13 (21.3%) had positive tests for HPV infection, 4 (8.2%) of which were positive for a high-risk genotype. Conclusion: The prevalence of HPV was high in Belém, Pará, and especially in women who had normal cytology results, which suggests the need for greater screening for HPV infection in women’s primary health care.
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Zomordi G, Moradi M, Hasanzadeh M, Ghavami V. The effect of education based on the theory of planned behavior on the intention of vaccination against human papillomavirus in female students: A controlled educational trial. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2022; 11:237. [PMID: 36177425 PMCID: PMC9514255 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1145_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection and causes more than 90% of cervical cancers. The highest rate of infection occurs between the ages of 18 and 28. This study aimed to determine the effect of education based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) on the intention of vaccination against HPV in female students. MATERIALS AND METHODS This controlled educational trial study was performed on 72 female students aged 18-26 years of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences by random assignment to intervention and control groups. For random assignment in the intervention and control groups, random blocking with four blocks was performed using a random number table with a ratio of 1:1. Data collection tools included demographic questionnaire, awareness about HPV vaccination, and TPB theory constructs. The control group was received the university routine training. The intervention group was received the virtual group training in four sessions, 60-90 min at weekly intervals and with educational content including TPB constructs on HPV vaccination with the method of lecture training, group discussion, questions and answers, and presentation of training package. Questionnaires were completed before, instantly, and 1 month after the educational intervention. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, Fisher's exact, t-test, Mann-Whitney test, and Friedman test. RESULTS The mean age of students was 18.9 ± 1.1 years. The intervention and control groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic characteristics (P > 0.05). Before the intervention, the mean score of model constructs did not show a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05), but after the intervention, in the intervention group, mean scores of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.001). In the intervention group, the difference in the mean score of HPV vaccination intention instantly (P < 0.001) and 1 month (P < 0.001) after the intervention significantly increased. CONCLUSION TPB-based education was effective in increasing attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control and the intention to vaccinate against HPV in the female students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Therefore, it is suggested that the present educational intervention be widely used to educate female students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golchehreh Zomordi
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Moradi
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Malihe Hasanzadeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Health Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Ghavami
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Elfallal AH, Fathy M, Elbaz SA, Emile SH. Comprehensive literature review of the applications of surgical laser in benign anal conditions. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2775-2789. [PMID: 35606626 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03577-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Surgery for benign anal conditions is a common practice and is usually followed by a good outcome. The present review aimed to summarize the emergence and evolution of different laser techniques used for the treatment of benign anal conditions and report their current outcome. PubMed and Scopus were searched for studies that assessed the use of laser in benign anal conditions. Anal conditions reviewed were hemorrhoids, anal fistula, anal warts, anal stenosis, and anal fissure. The full text of the studies retrieved was summarized in a narrative and tabular form. Laser techniques used for the treatment of hemorrhoidal disease were laser open hemorrhoidectomy, laser hemorrhoidoplasty, and Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal laser dearterialization. Resolution of hemorrhoidal symptoms was reported in 72-100% of patients after laser treatment. YAG laser, fistula laser closure, and photodynamic therapy have been used for the treatment of anal fistula with success rates ranging from 20 to 92.6%. Anal warts can be treated with photodynamic therapy with or without YAG or CO2 laser with a success rate up to 88%. A few studies reported the use of laser in the treatment of chronic anal fissure and anal stenosis. The use of laser in the treatment of benign anal conditions is associated with promising outcomes. Laser was most assessed in hemorrhoidal disease and anal fistula and showed more consistent success rates with hemorrhoidal disease than with anal fistula. Preliminary reports assessed the outcome of laser treatment in other conditions as anal fissure and warts with acceptable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hossam Elfallal
- General Surgery Department, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Mansoura University Hospitals, Mansoura University, 60 El-Gomhoria Street, Mansoura, 35516, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Fathy
- General Surgery Department, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Mansoura University Hospitals, Mansoura University, 60 El-Gomhoria Street, Mansoura, 35516, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Samy Abbas Elbaz
- General Surgery Department, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Mansoura University Hospitals, Mansoura University, 60 El-Gomhoria Street, Mansoura, 35516, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Sameh Hany Emile
- General Surgery Department, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Mansoura University Hospitals, Mansoura University, 60 El-Gomhoria Street, Mansoura, 35516, Dakahlia, Egypt. .,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, USA.
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Castillo JG, Gomar FJDLT, Aguirre AS. Extensive condyloma acuminata: Complete remission after oral isotretinoin and topical imiquimod. A successful combination? Dermatol Ther 2022; 35:e15572. [PMID: 35536296 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Gimeno Castillo
- Dermatology Department Hospital Universitario Araba, Vitoria España. Francisco Leandro de Viana 1, planta 5. 01009 Vitoria
| | | | - Amaia Saenz Aguirre
- Dermatology Department Hospital Universitario Araba, Vitoria España. Francisco Leandro de Viana 1, planta 5. 01009 Vitoria
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Achdiat PA, Antariksa NC, Rowawi R, Suwarsa O, Hidayat YM, Dwiyana RF, Gunawan H, Hindritiani R. Success of Intralesional Purified Protein Derivative Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Anogenital Warts: A Case Report. J Exp Pharmacol 2022; 14:131-135. [PMID: 35401016 PMCID: PMC8992736 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s347241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Anogenital warts (AGW) are among the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. The condition may be persistent, increase in size and number, and have a high recurrence rate. There are many therapeutic options of AGW, but none of them prevented recurrence, only yielded partial responses and have the propensity to cause scars. Immunotherapy by purified protein derivative (PPD) is one of the therapeutic options for AGW, which effectively reduces the number of lesions until complete clearance, with minimal side effects and less recurrence rate. This case report aims to demonstrate the effectiveness, safety, and low recurrence rate of intralesional PPD injection as an alternative therapy for AGW. We reported one case of AGW in an immunocompetent 30-year-old homosexual man who was given 3 doses of 0.2 mL PPD injected intralesionally. As a result, clinical improvement was observed starting from the 18th day, with some of the lesions decreasing in size, and on the 46th day, all of the lesions disappeared. There was no significant side effect. Within two years of follow-up, no recurrence was observed. Intralesional injection of PPD can stimulate the immune response against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection both on the injection site and distant from the injection site. Previous studies have shown promising results of intralesional PPD, with low recurrence in over six-month follow-up and no side effects. Intralesional injection of PPD can be considered as an alternative therapy due to its minimal side effects and its long-term low recurrence rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pati Aji Achdiat
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran-Dr.Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
- Correspondence: Pati Aji Achdiat, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran - Dr.Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Jl. Pasteur 38, Bandung, West Java, 40161, Indonesia, Tel +6281322750101, Email
| | - Narizka Civiadenta Antariksa
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran-Dr.Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Rasmia Rowawi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran-Dr.Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Oki Suwarsa
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran-Dr.Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Yudi Mulyana Hidayat
- Department of Obstetry and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran-Dr.Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Reiva Farah Dwiyana
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran-Dr.Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Hendra Gunawan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran-Dr.Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Reti Hindritiani
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran-Dr.Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
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Effects of biogenic synthesis of chitosan entrapped silver nanoparticle from Aegle marmelos on human cervical cancer cells (HeLa). J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kowo M, Nzoume Nsope Mengang JM, Simeni Njonnou SR, Kouotou EA, Atangana PJA, Ankouane Andoulo F. Giant anogenital tumor of Buschke-Löwenstein in a patient living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2022; 16:116. [PMID: 35303943 PMCID: PMC8932054 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-022-03339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Buschke–Löwenstein tumor is a giant condyloma acuminata infection that is characterized by degeneration, invasion, and recurrence. It is associated with human papilloma virus infection. It develops around the genital and perineal area, sometimes causing a large budding ulcerated lesion. Although human immunodeficiency virus infection is frequent in Africa, there are few descriptions of Buschke–Löwenstein tumor diagnosis and its management. Screening for other sexually transmitted infections must be systematic among these patients. Case presentation We report herein the case of a 21-year-old African origin male patient who developed a perineal swelling. Physical examination showed evidence of a huge exophytic tumor made up of budding pinkish vegetations, with serrated crests, a ‘’butterfly wing’’ structure, and a cauliflower-like appearance crowned with centrifugal circinate lesions. Multiple condylomatous lesions of the anal margin were also present. The patient tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (cluster of differentiation 4 count of 119 cells/mm3) and hepatitis B infections. Real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed human papilloma virus-16 and other high-risk human papilloma virus deoxyribonucleic acid. The diagnosis of Buschke–Löwenstein tumor was made on mass biopsy, and the patient underwent multidisciplinary intervention (surgery, podophyllin application, and antiretroviral therapy). Medium-term evolution was, however, fatal due to opportunistic infection. Conclusion Buschke–Löwenstein tumor is a rare tumor associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. It is more frequent in male human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients. There is a need to screen for other sexually transmitted infections. In most cases, the treatment is surgical, in association with local therapies. However, recurrences are common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathurin Kowo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon.,Yaounde University Teaching Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Jude-Marcel Nzoume Nsope Mengang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Sylvain Raoul Simeni Njonnou
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon. .,Dschang District Hospital, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Emmanuel Armand Kouotou
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon.,Yaounde University Teaching Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Paul Jean Adrien Atangana
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Firmin Ankouane Andoulo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon.,Yaounde Central Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon
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Phillips S, Cassells K, Garland SM, Machalek DA, Roberts JM, Templeton DJ, Jin F, Poynten IM, Hillman RJ, Grulich AE, Murray GL, Tabrizi SN, Molano M, Cornall AM. Gene methylation of CADM1 and MAL identified as a biomarker of high grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3565. [PMID: 35241698 PMCID: PMC8894372 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is detected in up to 96% of anal squamous cell cancers, where screening programs needed. However, the best methodology is still undetermined. Host DNA methylation markers CADM1, MAL and miR124 have been identified in cervical disease, but not anal disease. Anal swabs varying by disease grade were assessed for DNA methylation of CADM1, MAL and miR124-2. Each marker was compared across disease grades, stratified by HPV and HIV status. Receiver operating characteristic curves identified the predictive value of significant gene candidates. CADM1 methylation was significantly higher in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) compared with low-grade (LSIL) (p = 0.005) or normal (p < 0.001) samples with 67.2% correctly identified as HSIL. MAL methylation was significantly (p = 0.002) increased in HSIL compared with LSIL in HIV positive participants with 79.8% correctly indicated as HSIL. Gene miR124-2, showed no difference between disease grades. Biomarkers with established diagnostic value in cervical disease have limited utility in the prediction of anal disease, with CADM1 identified as a marker with screening potential in a gay and bisexual men (GBM) population and MAL in HIV positive GBM population. New markers specific to the anal mucosa are required to improve triage of high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Phillips
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Centre Women's Infectious Diseases Research, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | - Kahli Cassells
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Suzanne M Garland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Centre Women's Infectious Diseases Research, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Dorothy A Machalek
- Centre Women's Infectious Diseases Research, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,HIV Epidemiology and Prevention Program, The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | | | - David J Templeton
- HIV Epidemiology and Prevention Program, The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Department of Sexual Health Medicine, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.,Discipline of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Fengyi Jin
- HIV Epidemiology and Prevention Program, The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - I Mary Poynten
- HIV Epidemiology and Prevention Program, The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Richard J Hillman
- HIV Epidemiology and Prevention Program, The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Dysplasia and Anal Cancer Services, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Andrew E Grulich
- HIV Epidemiology and Prevention Program, The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Gerald L Murray
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Centre Women's Infectious Diseases Research, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Sepehr N Tabrizi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Centre Women's Infectious Diseases Research, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Monica Molano
- Centre Women's Infectious Diseases Research, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Alyssa M Cornall
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Centre Women's Infectious Diseases Research, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
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Zibako P, Tsikai N, Manyame S, Ginindza TG. Knowledge, attitude and practice towards cervical cancer prevention among mothers of girls aged between 9 and 14 years: a cross sectional survey in Zimbabwe. BMC Womens Health 2021; 21:426. [PMID: 34930221 PMCID: PMC8691087 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-021-01575-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer (CC) morbidity and mortality is still high in developing countries like Zimbabwe. Treatment for CC is out of reach for many women, hence the need to maximise on prevention which mainly includes screening and administering human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Knowledge about CC prevention is a prerequisite for utilisation of all the available options for CC prevention, yet little is known about its levels and the corresponding attitudes and practices on cancer prevention methods within the society.
Methods A cross sectional survey was done to assess knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on CC prevention among mothers of girls aged between 9 and 14 years in Zimbabwe as well as factors explaining the KAP. Four hundred and six mothers participate. Descriptive and inferential statistics (binary logistic regression and Chi-Square test of association) were applied to determine participant characteristics with KAP using STATA version 16 software. Findings Overall KAP of cervical cancer prevention is in a poor state. The knowledge was poor with 24% being able to say CC is caused by HPV; the attitude is negative with 58% being of the opinion that CC is caused by witchcraft and it is a death sentence, while the bad practices of relying only on traditional means were being practiced. Factors associated with knowledge are: not having medical aid (odds: 0.17, 95%CI: 0.05–0.59, p = 0.005) and high levels of education (secondary level odds: 4.20; 95%CI: 2.25–7.84 p < 0.001 and tertiary odds: 7.75; 95%CI: 2.04–29.45, p-value: 0.003 compared to primary education). Attitude towards CC management was driven by levels of education (secondary level odds: 0.39, 95%CI: 0.20–0.78, p = 0.007 and tertiary odds: 0.12, 95%CI: 0.04–0.33, p < 0.001), the same factor increases odds of good practice (secondary odds: 3.78, 95%CI: 1.99–7.18, p < 0.001 and tertiary odds: 3.78, 95%CI: 1.99–7.18, p < 0.001). On the other hand, HPV vaccine knowledge was also very moderate (with majority of mothers not knowing the right age of vaccination; vaccine acceptability was high (90%), but uptake was very low (8% had their daughter vaccinated). Conclusion KAP about CC prevention was poor with factors necessary for improvement of KAP identified as education, medical insurance coverage. Making health education easily accessible in schools, primary health facilities and various media platforms will help to address the myths on causes of CC and how it can be treated. Health education and availability of free screening services and free vaccine will improve CC prevention out outcomes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12905-021-01575-z.
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Wang J, Wang Q, Chen P, Li Q, Li Z, Xu M, Zeng K, Li C. Podophyllotoxin-combined 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy significantly promotes HR-HPV-infected cell death. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2021; 38:343-353. [PMID: 34779024 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and related diseases are difficult clinical challenges. The efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) in treating condyloma acuminata is remarkable, with high virus clearance and low recurrence rates. Podophyllotoxin (POD) is the first-line drug with a significant therapeutic effect on condyloma acuminata. However, no studies have determined whether POD-combined ALA-PDT improves high-risk (HR)-HPV-infected cell killing. We aimed to investigate whether POD-combined ALA-PDT could promote HPV-infected cell death more effectively than the single treatment and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS In HeLa and SiHa cells, flow cytometry, EdU assay and LDH release test were used to detect apoptosis, cell proliferation change and necrosis, respectively. To investigate whether the combined therapy might activate apoptosis and induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, flow cytometry was used to determine intracellular levels of ROS and calcium, and Western blotting was used to determine the expression of related proteins. Mitochondrial membrane depolarization was detected by JC-1 assay. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting were used to detect the activation of autophagy. RESULTS Podophyllotoxin -combined ALA-PDT inhibited the proliferation and promoted apoptosis and necrosis more effectively than the single treatment at the same intensity and concentration. The activation of the caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway, ER stress and autophagy was more substantial in POD-combined ALA-PDT than with single treatments. CONCLUSION Podophyllotoxin -combined ALA-PDT effectively promoted cell death through several pathways in HeLa and SiHa cells. This combination might be a promising therapeutic strategy for the HR-HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pingjiao Chen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijia Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meinian Xu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kang Zeng
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changxing Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Del Zingaro M, Cochetti G, Zucchi A, Paladini A, Rossi De Vermandois JA, Ciarletti S, Felici G, Maiolino G, Renzetti R, Gaudio G, Mearini E. Holmium:YAG Laser for the Treatment of Genital and urethral Warts: Multicentre Prospective Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy. J Lasers Med Sci 2021; 12:e34. [PMID: 34733757 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2021.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Genital condylomatosis is a highly contagious disease caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV). The aim of this prospective multicentre study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Holmium:YAG (yttrium-aluminium-garnet) laser in the treatment of genital and intra-urethral warts; the secondary aim was to assess the patients' postoperative satisfaction and cosmetic results. Methods: From December 2016 to March 2019, patients with genital warts were prospectively enrolled in three hospitals. The inclusion criteria were male gender, age over 18 years-old and treatment-naïve. External and urethral genitalia warts were treated by the Holmium YAG laser. The follow-up analysis consisted of physical examination, flexible urethro-cystoscopy in case of meatal lesions, and administration of Dermatology Quality of Life Index (DLQI) and Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) questionnaires at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery and subsequently yearly. Results: Sixty patients were enrolled. The single treatment was effective in 57/60 patients (95%). At a mean follow-up of 26 months, recurrences occurred in 8 patients (13.3%). No peri- or post-operative complication occurred. An improvement in pre-operative condition was highlighted with PGI-I and DLQI questionnaires. Conclusion: Our prospective multicentre study showed that holmium laser surgery seems to be a safe and effective treatment for external genital and urethral warts. Good dermatological outcomes aid to further improve patient satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Del Zingaro
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Urology Clinic, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cochetti
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Urology Clinic, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Alessio Paladini
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Urology Clinic, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Sara Ciarletti
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Urology Clinic, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Graziano Felici
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Urology Clinic, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maiolino
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Urology Clinic, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Roberto Renzetti
- Department of Surgeries, Urology, Presidio Ospedaliero Pescara, Pescara, Italy
| | - Gianluca Gaudio
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Urology Clinic, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ettore Mearini
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Urology Clinic, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Gazibara T, Thygesen LC, Holst Algren M, Schurmann Tolstrup J. Alcohol drinking patterns and occurrence of genital warts among Danish adolescents. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 228:109027. [PMID: 34500242 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Under the influence of alcohol adolescents are more prone to engage in unprotected sex, which increases the risk of acquiring genital warts. The study aim was to examine whether alcohol consumption among adolescents is associated with acquiring genital warts. METHODS Health behavior data were extracted from the Danish National Youth Study 2014. Complete data were available for 63,648 students. Number of binge drinking episodes in the past 30 days, frequency of drinking on weekends and total number of drinks consumed during 7-day week were collected by a questionnaire. Information on genital warts for the period between filling the questionnaire in 2014 and December 31, 2018 was retrieved from the Danish National Prescription Register and Danish National Patient Register. RESULTS Adjusted analysis showed that, compared to students who did not drink alcohol, increasing frequency of binge drinking in the past 30 days was independently associated with greater hazard of acquiring genital warts (1-3 times hazard ratio [HR]: 1.36, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-1.69; 4-6 times HR: 1.55, 95 % CI: 1.22-1.96; >6 times HR: 1.84, 95 % CI 1.39-2.45). Compared to students who did not drink alcohol, consistent alcohol drinking every weekend was associated with greater risk of developing genital warts (HR: 1.62, 95 % CI: 1.20-2.17). Total weekly number of alcohol drinks consumed was not associated with occurrence of genital warts. CONCLUSION Increased alcohol intake was associated with occurrence of genital warts over 4 year of follow-up. There is an urgent need for change of excessive alcohol intake tendencies among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Gazibara
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestræde 6, 1455, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26A, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lau Caspar Thygesen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestræde 6, 1455, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Holst Algren
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestræde 6, 1455, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Janne Schurmann Tolstrup
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestræde 6, 1455, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Cruz-Gregorio A, Aranda-Rivera AK, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in human papillomavirus-related cancers. Rev Med Virol 2021; 32:e2308. [PMID: 34694662 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is a necessary cause for the development of cervical cancer. Moreover, HR-HPV is also associated with cancers in the anus, vagina, vulva, penis and oropharynx. HR-HPVs target and modify the function of different cell biomolecules, such as glucose, amino acids, lipids and transcription factors (TF), such as p53, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), among others. The latter is a master TF that maintains redox homeostasis. Nrf2 also induces the transcription of genes associated with cell detoxification. Since both processes are critical for cell physiology, Nrf2 deregulation is associated with cancer development. Nrf2 is a crucial molecule in HPV-related cancer development but underexplored. Moreover, Nrf2 activation is also associated with resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in these cancers. This review focusses on the importance of Nrf2 during HPV-related cancer development, resistance to therapy and potential therapies associated with Nrf2 as a molecular target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio
- Departmento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Departmento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departmento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
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Albuquerque A, Cappello C, Stirrup O. High-risk human papilloma virus, precancerous lesions and cancer in anal condylomas. AIDS 2021; 35:1939-1948. [PMID: 34101627 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anal condylomas are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and are a risk factor for anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). OBJECTIVE To conduct a meta-analysis evaluating the prevalence of anal high-risk HPV, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and SCC in patients with condylomas. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) and the incidence rate of anal SCC were also calculated. METHODS Three electronic databases were searched until April 2020. Meta-analyses were performed using random effects models. RESULTS Pooled prevalence estimate of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) in anal condylomas was 40.2% (21.0-63.1) in immunocompromised and 16.4% (10.7-24.3) in nonimmunocompromised patients, with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.79 (1.51-9.52, P = 0.005) for immunocompromised patients. HR-HPV in condylomas with HSIL was 73.8% (39.1-92.5) and in non-HSIL cases was 17.7% (9.6-30.2), corresponding to an OR of 12.33 (2.97-51.21, P = 0.001) for those with HSIL. The prevalence of HSIL in condylomas was 24.0% (16.4-33.7) in immunocompromised and 11.8% (7.2-18.8) in nonimmunocompromised patients, with an OR of 2.51 (1.72-3.65, P < 0.001) for immunocompromised patients. The overall prevalence of anal SCC in anal condylomas was 0.3% (0.0-1.7). The SIR of anal SCC was 10.7 (8.5-13.5), 20.1 (14.4-28.2) in men and 7.7 (5.6-10.5) in women. The overall incidence rate of anal SCC was 6.5 per 100 000 person-years (3.6-11.7), 12.7 (9.1-17.8) in men and 4.7 (1.7-13) in women. CONCLUSION Patients with a history of anal condylomas have a high risk of anal SCC, especially men. The prevalence of HR-HPV and HSIL in condylomas from immunocompromised patients is high. This information can change patient follow-up and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Albuquerque
- CINTESIS - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Medical Research Center, University of Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Oliver Stirrup
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
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Analysis of HPV Vaccination Willingness amongst HIV-Negative Men Who Have Sex with Men in China. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9101069. [PMID: 34696177 PMCID: PMC8538591 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9101069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are high-risk groups of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, the best measure to prevent this is the HPV vaccine. However, few studies have investigated HPV vaccination willingness in the MSM population in China. We aimed to explore the willingness of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative MSM for HPV vaccination and the factors affecting their willingness to vaccinate. Methods: We adopted a non-probability sampling method to recruit HIV-negative MSM volunteers. Participants completed a questionnaire, including sociodemographic characteristics, sexual behavior characteristics, HPV infection and vaccine-related knowledge, risk perception, and HPV vaccination willingness and promotion attitudes. Results: Of the 406 HIV-negative MSM surveyed, 86.21% were willing to receive HPV vaccine. HPV infection and vaccine-related knowledge (odds ratio [OR] = 2.167, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.049–4.474), HPV infection risk perception (OR = 5.905, 95% CI = 1.312–26.580), and HPV vaccine promotion attitude (OR = 6.784, 95% CI = 3.164–14.546) were all related to HPV vaccination willingness. Conclusion: MSM have a high willingness for HPV vaccination. Strengthening health education for MSM, raising their awareness of HPV infection and vaccines, and promoting their risk perception of HPV infection will help increase their willingness for HPV vaccination.
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Li X, Xiang F, Chen Z, Zhang T, Zhu Z, Zhang M, Wu R, Kang X. Genital Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Genotyping Among Males in Putuo District of Shanghai, China 2015-2019. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e932093. [PMID: 34475371 PMCID: PMC8422898 DOI: 10.12659/msm.932093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reports of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and genotype distribution in Chinese men are limited, and HPV vaccination has not yet been recommended for men in China. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the prevalence and genotyping of male genital HPV. A total of 1227 male patients (aged 17 to 81 years) attending the dermatology and sexually transmitted disease clinics at Putuo District Center Hospital in Shanghai from 2015 to 2019 were included. Genital exfoliated specimens were obtained for detection and genotyping of 27 HPV types by Luminex-based multiplex assay. RESULTS The prevalence of any HPV was 65.5% (804/1227). The rate of multiple infection was 25.8% (317/1227). The 5 main HPV types were 6 (32.0%), 11 (23.2%), 16 (5.6%), 43 (4.3%), and 59 (4.0%). Among all detected HPV genotypes, 65.5% (875/1336) were 9-valent HPV genotypes. No significant differences were observed in the detection rate of HPV infection over 5 years (P>0.05). Age groups ≤24 years (70.7%) and ≥55 years (72.9%) showed higher infection rates, and significant differences were detected in rates of low-risk HPV infection in different age-stratified groups (P<0.05). Prevalence of HPV infection among patients with warts (74.4%) was significantly higher than that of patients with other clinical characteristics (40.4%) and physical examination (63.6%). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that more than half of Chinese male patients have detectable HPV infections, and penis-genital and anogenital warts were the most common clinical manifestations. Moreover, the available 9-valent HPV vaccine covers the most frequently observed HPV types among men.
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Woestenberg PJ, Guevara Morel AE, Bogaards JA, Hooiveld M, Schurink-van 't Klooster TM, Hoebe CJPA, van der Sande MAB, van Benthem BHB. Partial Protective Effect of Bivalent Human Papillomavirus 16/18 Vaccination Against Anogenital Warts in a Large Cohort of Dutch Primary Care Patients. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:291-297. [PMID: 32421775 PMCID: PMC8516515 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is ongoing debate about the possible protective effect of the bivalent human papillomavirus (2vHPV) vaccine, targeting oncogenic types HPV-16/18, against anogenital warts (AGWs), commonly attributed to HPV-6/11. We performed a retrospective registry-based open cohort study to assess the effect of 2vHPV vaccination on AGWs. Methods We linked general practice (ie, primary care) data from women born between 1993 and 2002, who had been eligible for HPV vaccination in the Netherlands, to the Dutch national immunization registry on an individual level. Women were followed until their first AGW diagnosis or end of follow-up. Adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRRs) were estimated using Poisson regression with vaccination status as a time-dependent exposure. Results We linked data of 96 468 women with a total of 328 019 years observation time and 613 AGW diagnoses (incidence: 1.87/1000 person-years). At the end of follow-up, 61% were 2vHPV vaccinated (≥ 1 dose) of whom 91% were fully vaccinated. The AGW incidence was lower among those with ≥ 1 dose vs 0 doses (aIRR, 0.75 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .64–.88]). The effect of vaccination was stronger after full vaccination (aIRR, 0.72 [95% CI, .61–.86]) and for women who were offered vaccination at 12–13 years of age (aIRR, 0.69 [95% CI, .51–.93]) vs those at 13–16 years of age (aIRR, 0.77 [95% CI, .64–.93]). Conclusions This is the largest population-based study so far to examine the effect of 2vHPV vaccination on AGWs, with reliable individual information on AGW diagnoses and vaccination status. The results indicate that 2vHPV vaccination partially protects against AGWs, especially when administered in early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra J Woestenberg
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.,Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Alejandra E Guevara Morel
- Department of Health Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes A Bogaards
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Christian J P A Hoebe
- Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases and Environment, South Limburg Public Health Service, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne A B van der Sande
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.,Julius Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Birgit H B van Benthem
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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Hu Z, Zheng H, Zeng K. Predictors of human papillomavirus persistence or clearance after 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy in patients with genital warts. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 35:102431. [PMID: 34233223 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have confirmed that 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is an effective treatment for human papillomavirus-associated diseases. In this study, we evaluated the variables associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) persistence or clearance after ALA-PDT in patients with genital warts. METHODS We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients with genital warts or subclinical HPV infection who received ALA-PDT treatment between January 2019 and December 2020 at Nanfang Hospital and Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University and analyzed the predictors of HPV persistence or clearance. HPV genotype and viral load assays were analyzed before treatment and after each session of photodynamic therapy. RESULTS Multiple sexual partners, a history of recurrent HPV infection, and severe pain response during photodynamic therapy were associated with higher odds of viral persistence after three rounds of ALA-PDT. Infection with single strains of HPV, and mucosal and subclinical infection were more likely to be cleared after three rounds of photodynamic therapy. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that patients with multiple sexual partners, a history of recurrent infections, and severe pain response during photodynamic therapy should undergo close surveillance and monitoring, and may need additional photodynamic therapy sessions. Infection with a single strain of HPV, and mucosal or subclinical infections are more likely to be cleared after three courses of ALA-PDT treatment. These findings may improve the efficiency of ALA-PDT in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Hu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China.; Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China
| | - Heping Zheng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China..
| | - Kang Zeng
- Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China..
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Awasthi S, Ornelas J, Armstrong A, Johnson JA, Eisen DB. Anogenital warts and relationship to child sexual abuse: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Dermatol 2021; 38:842-850. [PMID: 34060139 DOI: 10.1111/pde.14650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES In children, distinguishing anogenital warts (AGW) acquired innocently from those acquired by child sexual abuse (CSA) is challenging. High-quality studies examining this relationship are sparse. Here, we sought to evaluate the association between AGW and sexual abuse in children 12 years of age and younger with respect to wart location, age, and gender. METHODS A systematic review of Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science was performed for studies published on or before 2/16/2018. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they contained at least 10 patients 12 years old and younger and reported the number of patients who were sexually abused. The principal summary measures were the odds ratios (OR) of reported CSA with respect to subject age, wart location, and gender. RESULTS Three hundred twenty-seven studies were identified through record search. Twenty five were included in a summary synthesis (791 subjects); 10 were included in the final statistical analysis (199 subjects). In our overall review, 102 of 468 (21%) females and 36 of 204 (18%) males with AGW were abused or probably abused. Overlapping HPV types were found in abused and non-abused subjects. Perianal location and gender were not significant predictors of abuse. Both age and genital wart location (penis, vulva) did significantly predict CSA (α = .05). The odds ratio for sexual abuse of children aged 3-4 years was 7.45; 6.52 for ages 5-8 years; and 6.93 for ages 9-12 years compared to those 0-2 years of age. Genital location was associated with an OR of CSA of 5.93. CONCLUSIONS Our systematic review supports a significant association between AGW in a child greater than 2 years of age and odds of CSA. Genital wart location significantly predicts CSA as well. HPV typing is not a reliable method to ascertain CSA. Male family members and acquaintances were the most likely perpetrators of abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Awasthi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Ornelas
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - April Armstrong
- Department of Dermatology, University of Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | | | - Daniel B Eisen
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Blair KJ, Martínez-Vernaza S, Ordóñez-Blanco IT, Hernandez W, Quiroga C, Lowenstein E, Valderrama-Beltrán SL, Clark J, Lake JE, Juillard C, Lombana Amaya LJ. Screening With Anal Cytology in Colombia: Initial Experience and Need for High-Resolution Anoscopy. J Surg Res 2021; 267:374-383. [PMID: 34216798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Men who have sex with men (MSM) living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at increased risk of anal cancer. Anal cytology can be used to screen for dysplasia, with high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) required for diagnostic confirmation. We describe the impact lack of HRA had on management of abnormal screening results in Bogotá, Colombia. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study includes MSM with HIV who underwent anal cytology screening between January 2019February 2020, with colorectal surgery (CRS) follow-up through July 2020. Cytology results included atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). Categorical and continuous variables were compared via Fisher's exact test and Wilcoxon rank-sum, respectively. RESULTS Of 211 MSM screened, 68 had abnormal cytology: ASC-US (n = 23), LSIL (n = 41), HSIL (n = 4). Sixty (88.2%) were referred to CRS, and 51 (75.0%) attended ≥ 1 appointment. At initial assessment, 17 were referred for anal exam under anesthesia (EUA) for tissue resection, and 21 for rectosigmoidoscopy. Having perianal condyloma was associated with recommendation for EUA (P < 0.001), while cytology grade of dysplasia was not (P = 0.308). Eleven (16.2%) underwent EUA for condyloma resection. CONCLUSIONS Few studies have described anal cancer screening in settings without HRA. We found lack of HRA limited management of abnormal cytology in Colombia. Those with condyloma underwent resection, but HRA remains necessary to localize and treat microscopic disease. Next steps include implementation of HRA in order to further develop the anal cancer screening program for MSM with HIV in Bogotá.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Blair
- South American Program in HIV Prevention Research (SAPHIR), University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California; Program for the Advancement of Surgical Equity (PASE), Department of Surgery, UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Samuel Martínez-Vernaza
- Unidad de Infectología, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio (HUSI), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ivonne Tatiana Ordóñez-Blanco
- Unidad de Infectología, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio (HUSI), Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - William Hernandez
- School of Nursing, UCLA, Los Angeles, California; DAP Health, Palm Springs, California
| | - Camilo Quiroga
- Unidad de Infectología, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio (HUSI), Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ellen Lowenstein
- Unidad de Infectología, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio (HUSI), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sandra Liliana Valderrama-Beltrán
- Unidad de Infectología, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio (HUSI), Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jesse Clark
- South American Program in HIV Prevention Research (SAPHIR), University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jordan E Lake
- South American Program in HIV Prevention Research (SAPHIR), University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California; Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Catherine Juillard
- Program for the Advancement of Surgical Equity (PASE), Department of Surgery, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Luis Jorge Lombana Amaya
- Unidad de Coloproctología, Departamento de Cirugía General, HUSI, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
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Willis JA, Cheburkanov V, Kassab G, Soares JM, Blanco KC, Bagnato VS, Yakovlev VV. Photodynamic viral inactivation: Recent advances and potential applications. APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS 2021; 8:021315. [PMID: 34084253 PMCID: PMC8132927 DOI: 10.1063/5.0044713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which are growing at a frightening rate worldwide, has put the world on a long-standing alert. The COVID-19 health crisis reinforced the pressing need to address a fast-developing pandemic. To mitigate these health emergencies and prevent economic collapse, cheap, practical, and easily applicable infection control techniques are essential worldwide. Application of light in the form of photodynamic action on microorganisms and viruses has been growing and is now successfully applied in several areas. The efficacy of this approach has been demonstrated in the fight against viruses, prompting additional efforts to advance the technique, including safety use protocols. In particular, its application to suppress respiratory tract infections and to provide decontamination of fluids, such as blood plasma and others, can become an inexpensive alternative strategy in the fight against viral and bacterial infections. Diverse early treatment methods based on photodynamic action enable an accelerated response to emerging threats prior to the availability of preventative drugs. In this review, we evaluate a vast number of photodynamic demonstrations and first-principle proofs carried out on viral control, revealing its potential and encouraging its rapid development toward safe clinical practice. This review highlights the main research trends and, as a futuristic exercise, anticipates potential situations where photodynamic treatment can provide a readily available solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jace A. Willis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Vsevolod Cheburkanov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Giulia Kassab
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jennifer M. Soares
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kate C. Blanco
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Vladislav V. Yakovlev
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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