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Hoeffner N, Paul A, Goo YH. Drug screen identifies verteporfin as a regulator of lipid metabolism in macrophage foam cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19588. [PMID: 37949969 PMCID: PMC10638409 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46467-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial macrophage foam cells are filled with cholesterol ester (CE) stored in cytosolic lipid droplets (LDs). Foam cells are central players in progression of atherosclerosis as regulators of lipid metabolism and inflammation, two major driving forces of atherosclerosis development. Thus, foam cells are considered plausible targets for intervention in atherosclerosis. However, a compound that directly regulates the lipid metabolism of LDs in the arterial foam cells has not yet been identified. In this study, we screened compounds that inhibit macrophage foam cell formation using a library of 2697 FDA-approved drugs. From the foam cells generated via loading of human oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), we found 21 and 6 compounds that reduced and enhanced accumulations of lipids respectively. Among them, verteporfin most significantly reduced oxLDL-induced foam cell formation whereas it did not display a significant impact on foam cell formation induced by fatty acid. Mechanistically our data demonstrate that verteporfin acts via inhibition of oxLDL association with macrophages, reducing accumulation of CE. Interestingly, while other drugs that reduced foam cell formation did not have impact on pre-existing foam cells, verteporfin treatment significantly reduced their total lipids, CE, and pro-inflammatory gene expression. Together, our study identifies verteporfin as a novel regulator of foam cell lipid metabolism and inflammation and a potential compound for intervention in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Hoeffner
- Molecular and Cellular Physiology Department, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Antoni Paul
- Molecular and Cellular Physiology Department, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Young-Hwa Goo
- Molecular and Cellular Physiology Department, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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2
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Doerfler AM, Park SH, Assini JM, Youssef A, Saxena L, Yaseen AB, De Giorgi M, Chuecos M, Hurley AE, Li A, Marcovina SM, Bao G, Boffa MB, Koschinsky ML, Lagor WR. LPA disruption with AAV-CRISPR potently lowers plasma apo(a) in transgenic mouse model: A proof-of-concept study. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2022; 27:337-351. [PMID: 36381302 PMCID: PMC9630778 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) represents a unique subclass of circulating lipoprotein particles and consists of an apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)) molecule covalently bound to apolipoprotein B-100. The metabolism of Lp(a) particles is distinct from that of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and currently approved lipid-lowering drugs do not provide substantial reductions in Lp(a), a causal risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Somatic genome editing has the potential to be a one-time therapy for individuals with extremely high Lp(a). We generated an LPA transgenic mouse model expressing apo(a) of physiologically relevant size. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 was used to disrupt the LPA transgene in the liver. AAV-CRISPR nearly completely eliminated apo(a) from the circulation within a week. We performed genome-wide off-target assays to determine the specificity of CRISPR-Cas9 editing within the context of the human genome. Interestingly, we identified intrachromosomal rearrangements within the LPA cDNA in the transgenic mice as well as in the LPA gene in HEK293T cells, due to the repetitive sequences within LPA itself and neighboring pseudogenes. This proof-of-concept study establishes the feasibility of using CRISPR-Cas9 to disrupt LPA in vivo, and highlights the importance of examining the diverse consequences of CRISPR cutting within repetitive loci and in the genome globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria M. Doerfler
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - So Hyun Park
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Julia M. Assini
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, the University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Amer Youssef
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, ON N6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Lavanya Saxena
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Adam B. Yaseen
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marco De Giorgi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marcel Chuecos
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ayrea E. Hurley
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Gang Bao
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael B. Boffa
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, the University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, ON N6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Marlys L. Koschinsky
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, ON N6G 2V4, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - William R. Lagor
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Integrated Transcriptome and 16S rDNA Analyses Reveal That Transport Stress Induces Oxidative Stress and Immune and Metabolic Disorders in the Intestine of Hybrid Yellow Catfish (Tachysurus fulvidraco♀ × Pseudobagrus vachellii♂). Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091737. [PMID: 36139809 PMCID: PMC9496016 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Live fish are often transported in aquaculture. To explore the effects of transport stress, hybrid yellow catfish (Tachysurus fulvidraco♀ × Pseudobagrus vachellii♂) were subjected to simulated transport treatments (0–16 h) with 96 h of recovery after the 16-h transport treatment, and intestinal biochemical parameters, the transcriptome, and gut microbiota were analyzed. Transportation affected the number of mucus cells and led to oxidative stress in the intestine, which activated immune responses. Changes in lipid metabolism reflected metabolic adaptation to oxidative stress. Toll-like receptor signaling, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling, and steroid biosynthesis pathways were involved in the transport stress response. Gene expression analyses indicated that transport-induced local immune damage was reversible, whereas disordered metabolism recovered more slowly. A 16S rDNA analysis revealed that transport stress decreased the alpha diversity of the gut microbiota and disrupted its homeostasis. The dominant phyla (Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes) and genera (Cetobacterium, Barnesiellaceae) were involved in the antioxidant, immune, and metabolic responses of the host to transportation stress. Correlation analyses suggested that gut microbes participate in the transport stress response and the host–microbiota interaction may trigger multiple events in antioxidant, immune, and metabolic pathways. Our results will be useful for optimizing transport processes.
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Liu W, Liu X, Liu Y, Ling T, Chen D, Otkur W, Zhao H, Ma M, Ma K, Dong B, Yang Z, Piao HL, Liang R, Dong C. PLIN2 promotes HCC cells proliferation by inhibiting the degradation of HIF1α. Exp Cell Res 2022; 418:113244. [PMID: 35697078 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PLIN2 has been found to be dysregulated in several human malignancies, which influences cancer progression. However, the roles of PLIN2 in regulating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression are still unclear. Here, we revealed that PLIN2 was frequently upregulated in HCC cells and tissues, and increased PLIN2 expression was associated with poor prognosis outcomes in HCC. In HCC cells, overexpressing PLIN2 promoted cell proliferation, PLIN2-deficiency inhibited cell vitality. Mechanistically, silencing of PLIN2 expression downregulated hypoxia inducible factor 1-α (HIF1α) expression and this downregulation in turn inhibited the targeting genes of HIF1α. Furthermore, we found that PLIN2 stabilized and retarded the degradation of the HIF1α through autophagy-lysosomal pathway by inhibiting AMPK/ULK1. Collectively, we clarified the carcinogenic role of PLIN2 in HCC and suggested a prognostic biomarker for diagnosis and clinical therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuguang Liu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116027, China
| | - Ting Ling
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Di Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Wuxiyar Otkur
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Hailong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Huangyuan County, Huangyuan County, Xining, 812100, China
| | - Ming Ma
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Huangyuan County, Huangyuan County, Xining, 812100, China
| | - Kexin Ma
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
| | - Bing Dong
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
| | - Zexuan Yang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
| | - Hai-Long Piao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital/Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Carson International Cancer Research Centre, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Chengyong Dong
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China.
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He Y, Dong Y, Zhang X, Ding Z, Song Y, Huang X, Chen S, Wang Z, Ni Y, Ding L. Lipid Droplet-Related PLIN2 in CD68 + Tumor-Associated Macrophage of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Implications for Cancer Prognosis and Immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:824235. [PMID: 35372038 PMCID: PMC8967322 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.824235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background PLIN2 (adipose differentiation-related protein) belongs to the perilipin family and is a marker of lipid droplets (LDs). Numerous types of tumor exhibit a high PLIN2 level, but its tumorigenic or tumor-suppressive role has been in debate. Recently, LDs serve as innate immune hubs and show antimicrobial capacity. We here aimed to investigate the heterogeneous functions of PLIN2 in the tumor microenvironment and immune regulation. Methods This retrospective study included 96 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) samples and analyzed the spatial distribution of PLIN2 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and LD level by oil red O staining. A total of 21 serial sections were obtained to analyze the relationship between PLIN2 and immune cells by IHC and immunofluorescence (IF). Single-cell sequencing was used to analyze the cell locations of PLIN2. The values of diagnosis and prognosis of PLIN2 were also evaluated. Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), cBioPortal databases, and IHC analysis were used to investigate the relationship between PLIN2 and OSCC immune microenvironment. Results PLIN2 was mainly expressed in tumor-infiltrating immunocytes (TIIs) of OSCC. Patients with high PLIN2 harbored more cytoplastic LDs. CD68+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), instead of T cells and B cells, were found to be the main resource of PLIN2 in OSCC stroma and lung, pancreas, prostate, and testis. However, CD56+ NK cells also showed less extent of PLIN2 staining in OSCC. Moreover, patients with a high PLIN2 level in immune cells had a higher TNM stage and were susceptible to postoperative metastasis, but the escalated PLIN2 level in invasive tumor front independently predicted shorter metastasis-free survival. Furthermore, a high PLIN2 presentation in the microenvironment induced immune suppression which was featured as less infiltration of CD8+ T cells and more CD68+ TAMs and Foxp3+ Tregs, accompanied by more immune checkpoint molecules such as CSF1R, LGALS9, IL-10, CTLA-4, and TIGIT. Conclusion CD68+ TAM-derived PLIN2 might participate in regulating immune balance of OSCC patients, which provides new insight into immune checkpoint therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia He
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuexin Dong
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuang Ding
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxian Song
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Oral Pathology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanhong Ni
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Ding
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Serum Perilipin 2 (PLIN2) Predicts Multiple Organ Dysfunction in Critically Ill Patients. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091210. [PMID: 34572396 PMCID: PMC8468514 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Perilipin 2 (PLIN2) is a lipid droplet protein with various metabolic functions. However, studies investigating PLIN2 in the context of inflammation, especially in systemic and acute inflammation, are lacking. Hence, we assessed the relevance of serum PLIN2 in critically ill patients. We measured serum PLIN2 serum in 259 critically ill patients (166 with sepsis) upon admission to a medical intensive care unit (ICU) compared to 12 healthy controls. A subset of 36 patients underwent computed tomography to quantify body composition. Compared to controls, serum PLIN2 concentrations were elevated in critically ill patients at ICU admission. Interestingly, PLIN2 independently indicated multiple organ dysfunction (MOD), defined as a SOFA score > 9 points, at ICU admission, and was also able to independently predict MOD after 48 h. Moreover, serum PLIN2 levels were associated with severe respiratory failure potentially reflecting a moribund state. However, PLIN2 was neither a predictor of ICU mortality nor did it reflect metabolic dysregulation. Conclusively, the first study assessing serum PLIN2 in critical illness proved that it may assist in risk stratification because it is capable of independently indicating MOD at admission and predicting MOD 48 h after PLIN2 measurement. Further evaluation regarding the underlying mechanisms is warranted.
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Russo M, Montone RA, D'Amario D, Camilli M, Canonico F, Santamaria C, Iannaccone G, Pedicino D, Pidone C, Galli M, Trani C, Severino A, Liuzzo G, Niccoli G, Crea F. Role of perilipin 2 in microvascular obstruction in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. ACUTE CARDIOVASCULAR CARE 2021; 10:633-642. [PMID: 33620432 DOI: 10.1093/ehjacc/zuaa004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Coronary microvascular obstruction (MVO) occurs frequently in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, mechanisms are multiple and not yet fully understood. Perilipin 2 (PLIN2) is involved in lipid metabolism of macrophages resident in atherosclerotic plaques, along with a role in enhancing plaque inflammation. We studied the association between PLIN2 and MVO in STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI, and we assessed the role of PLIN2 to predict major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). METHODS AND RESULTS STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI were enrolled. PLIN2 was evaluated in peripheral blood monocytes; MVO was assessed using coronary angiogram. MACEs, as a composite of cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, re-admission for heart failure, and target vessel revascularization were investigated at follow-up. Among 100 STEMI patients, 33 (33.0%) had MVO. Patients with MVO had higher levels of PLIN2 (1.03 ± 0.28 vs. 0.90 ± 0.16, P = 0.019). Age [odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval, CI), 1.045 (1.005-1.087), P = 0.026] and PLIN2 [OR (95% CI), 16.606 (2.027-136.030), P = 0.009] were associated with MVO at univariate analysis, although only PLIN2 [OR (95% CI), 12.325 (1.446-105.039), P = 0.022] was associated with MVO at multivariate analysis. After a mean follow-up of 182.2 ± 126.6 days, 13 MACEs occurred. MVO [hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI), 6.791 (2.053-22.462), P = 0.002], hypercholesterolaemia [HR (95% CI), 3.563 (1.094-11.599), P = 0.035], and PLIN2 [HR (95% CI), 82.991 (9.857-698.746), P < 0.001] were predictors of MACEs at univariate analysis, although only PLIN2 [HR (95% CI), 26.904 (2.461-294.100), P = 0.007] predicted MACEs at multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS In STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI, PLIN2 was independently associated with MVO and was an independent predictor of MACEs at follow-up, suggesting to further explore PLIN2 as a target for future cardioprotection therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Russo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco A Montone
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico D'Amario
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Camilli
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Canonico
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Santamaria
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Iannaccone
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Pedicino
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Pidone
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Galli
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Trani
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Severino
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Liuzzo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Niccoli
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go F. Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Figueiro MG, Goo YH, Hogan R, Plitnick B, Lee JK, Jahangir K, Moulik M, Yechoor VK, Paul A. Light-Dark Patterns Mirroring Shift Work Accelerate Atherosclerosis and Promote Vulnerable Lesion Phenotypes. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e018151. [PMID: 33401929 PMCID: PMC7955296 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.018151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Despite compelling epidemiological evidence that circadian disruption inherent to long‐term shift work enhances atherosclerosis progression and vascular events, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. A challenge to the use of mouse models for mechanistic and interventional studies involving light‐dark patterns is that the spectral and absolute sensitivities of the murine and human circadian systems are very different, and light stimuli in nocturnal mice should be scaled to represent the sensitivities of the human circadian system. Methods and Results We used calibrated devices to deliver to low‐density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice light‐dark patterns representative of that experienced by humans working day shifts or rotating shift schedules. Mice under day shifts were maintained under regular 12 hours of light and 12 hours of dark cycles. Mice under rotating shift schedules were subjected for 11 weeks to reversed light‐dark patterns 4 days in a row per week, followed by 3 days of regular light‐dark patterns. In both protocols the light phases consisted of monochromatic green light at an irradiance of 4 µW/cm2. We found that the shift work paradigm disrupts the foam cell's molecular clock and increases endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis. Lesions of mice under rotating shift schedules were larger and contained less prostabilizing fibrillar collagen and significantly increased areas of necrosis. Conclusions Low‐density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice under light‐dark patterns analogous to that experienced by rotating shift workers develop larger and more vulnerable plaques and may represent a valuable model for further mechanistic and/or interventional studies against the deleterious vascular effects of rotating shift work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Young-Hwa Goo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology Albany Medical College Albany NY
| | - Ryan Hogan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology Albany Medical College Albany NY
| | - Barbara Plitnick
- Lighting Research Center Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY
| | - Jeong-Kyung Lee
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine Diabetes and Beta Cell Biology Center University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA
| | - Kiran Jahangir
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology Albany Medical College Albany NY
| | - Mousumi Moulik
- Division of Cardiology Department of Pediatrics UPMC Children's Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA
| | - Vijay K Yechoor
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine Diabetes and Beta Cell Biology Center University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA
| | - Antoni Paul
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology Albany Medical College Albany NY
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9
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Morin EE, Guo Y, He H, Yuan W, Souery WN, Fawaz MV, Chen YE, Schwendeman A. Synergetic Effect of rHDL and LXR Agonist on Reduction of Atherosclerosis in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:513031. [PMID: 33390931 PMCID: PMC7772318 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.513031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are unique in that they play an important role in the reverse cholesterol transport process. However, reconstituted HDL (rHDL) infusions have demonstrated limited beneficial effect in clinical practice. This is perhaps a consequence of the limited cholesterol efflux abilities of atheroma macrophages due to decreased expression of cholesterol transporters in advanced atheromas and following rHDL infusion treatment. Thus, we propose that a combination therapy of rHDL and a liver X receptor (LXR) agonist could maximize the therapeutic benefit of rHDL by upregulating ATP-binding cassette transporters A-1 (ABCA1) and ATP-binding cassette transporter G-1 (ABCG1), and enhancing cholesterol efflux to rHDL. In macrophages, rHDL downregulated the expression of ABCA1/G1 in a dose- and rHDL composition-dependent manner. Although LXR agonist, T0901317 (T1317), upregulated the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1, the drug itself did not have any effect on cholesterol efflux (6.6 ± 0.5%) while the combination of rHDL and T1317 exhibited enhanced cholesterol efflux from [3H]-cholesterol loaded J774A.1 macrophages (23.3 ± 1.3%). Treatment with rHDL + T1317 significantly reduced the area of aortic plaque in ApoE-/- mice compared to PBS treated control animals (24.16 ± 1.42% vs. 31.59 ± 1.93%, p < 0.001), while neither rHDL nor T1317 treatment alone had a significant effect. Together, we show that rHDL paired with an LXR agonist can induce a synergetic effect in reducing atheroma burden. This synergy could lead to lower overall effective dose for both drugs, potentially overcoming the existing barriers in clinical development and renewing pharmaceutical interest in these two drug classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Morin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yanhong Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, NCRC, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Hongliang He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Wenmin Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Whitney N Souery
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Maria V Fawaz
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yuqing Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, NCRC, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Anna Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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10
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Amengual J, Ogando Y, Nikain C, Quezada A, Qian K, Vaisar T, Fisher EA. Short-Term Acyl-CoA:Cholesterol Acyltransferase Inhibition, Combined with Apoprotein A1 Overexpression, Promotes Atherosclerosis Inflammation Resolution in Mice. Mol Pharmacol 2020; 99:175-183. [PMID: 33384285 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.120.000108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) mediates cellular cholesterol esterification. In atherosclerotic plaque macrophages, ACAT promotes cholesteryl ester accumulation, resulting in foam cell formation and atherosclerosis progression. Its complete inactivation in mice, however, showed toxic effects because of an excess of free cholesterol (FC) in macrophages, which can cause endoplasmic reticulum stress, cholesterol crystal formation, and inflammasome activation. Our previous studies showed that long-term partial ACAT inhibition, achieved by dietary supplementation with Fujirebio F1394, delays atherosclerosis progression in apoprotein E-deficient (Apoe -/-) mice by reducing plaque foam cell formation without inflammatory or toxic effects. Here, we determined whether short-term partial inhibition of ACAT, in combination with an enhanced systemic FC acceptor capacity, has synergistic benefits. Thus, we crossbred Apoe -/- with human apoprotein A1-transgenic (APOA1 tg/tg) mice, which have elevated cholesterol-effluxing high-density lipoprotein particles, and subjected Apoe -/- and APOA1 tg/tg/Apoe -/- mice to an atherogenic diet to develop advanced plaques. Then mice were either euthanized (baseline) or fed purified standard diet with or without F1394 for 4 more weeks. Plaques of APOA1 tg/tg/Apoe -/- mice fed F1394 showed a 60% reduction of macrophages accompanied by multiple other benefits, such as reduced inflammation and favorable changes in extracellular composition, in comparison with Apoe -/- baseline mice. In addition, there was no accumulation of cholesterol crystals or signs of toxicity. Overall, these results show that short-term partial ACAT inhibition, coupled to increased cholesterol efflux capacity, favorably remodels atherosclerosis lesions, supporting the potential of these combined therapies in the treatment of advanced atherosclerosis. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Short-term pharmacological inhibition of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase-mediated cholesterol esterification, in combination with increased free cholesterol efflux acceptors, has positive effects in mice by 1) reducing the inflammatory state of the plaque macrophages and 2) favoring compositional changes associated with plaque stabilization. These effects occur without toxicity, showing the potential of these combined therapies in the treatment of advanced atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Amengual
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York (J.A., Y.O, C.N., A.Q., K.Q., E.A.F); Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Champaign, Illinois (.J.A.); Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (T.V.); and Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York (K.Q.)
| | - Yoscar Ogando
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York (J.A., Y.O, C.N., A.Q., K.Q., E.A.F); Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Champaign, Illinois (.J.A.); Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (T.V.); and Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York (K.Q.)
| | - Cyrus Nikain
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York (J.A., Y.O, C.N., A.Q., K.Q., E.A.F); Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Champaign, Illinois (.J.A.); Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (T.V.); and Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York (K.Q.)
| | - Alexandra Quezada
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York (J.A., Y.O, C.N., A.Q., K.Q., E.A.F); Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Champaign, Illinois (.J.A.); Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (T.V.); and Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York (K.Q.)
| | - Kun Qian
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York (J.A., Y.O, C.N., A.Q., K.Q., E.A.F); Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Champaign, Illinois (.J.A.); Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (T.V.); and Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York (K.Q.)
| | - Tomas Vaisar
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York (J.A., Y.O, C.N., A.Q., K.Q., E.A.F); Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Champaign, Illinois (.J.A.); Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (T.V.); and Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York (K.Q.)
| | - Edward A Fisher
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York (J.A., Y.O, C.N., A.Q., K.Q., E.A.F); Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Champaign, Illinois (.J.A.); Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (T.V.); and Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York (K.Q.)
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11
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Benitez‐Amaro A, Pallara C, Nasarre L, Ferreira R, Gonzalo‐Calvo D, Prades R, Tarragó T, Llorente‐Cortés V. Development of Innovative Antiatherosclerotic Peptides through the Combination of Molecular Modeling and a Dual (Biochemical‐Cellular) Screening System. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleyda Benitez‐Amaro
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) Barcelona 08036 Spain
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular PathologyBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Barcelona 08025 Spain
| | - Chiara Pallara
- Iproteos S.LBarcelona Science Park (PCB) Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Laura Nasarre
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) Barcelona 08036 Spain
| | - Ruben Ferreira
- Iproteos S.LBarcelona Science Park (PCB) Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - David Gonzalo‐Calvo
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) Barcelona 08036 Spain
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular PathologyBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Barcelona 08025 Spain
- CIBER enfermedades cardiovasculares (CIBERcv) Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Roger Prades
- Iproteos S.LBarcelona Science Park (PCB) Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Teresa Tarragó
- Iproteos S.LBarcelona Science Park (PCB) Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Vicenta Llorente‐Cortés
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) Barcelona 08036 Spain
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular PathologyBiomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Barcelona 08025 Spain
- CIBER enfermedades cardiovasculares (CIBERcv) Madrid 28029 Spain
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12
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Lu YS, Jiang Y, Yuan JP, Jiang SB, Yang Y, Zhu PY, Sun YZ, Qi RQ, Liu T, Wang HX, Wu Y, Gao XH, Chen HD. UVA Induced Oxidative Stress Was Inhibited by Paeoniflorin/Nrf2 Signaling or PLIN2. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:736. [PMID: 32499710 PMCID: PMC7243259 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodamages caused by UVA radiation induced oxidative injuries are closely related to photoaging and skin cancer. Paeoniflorin (PF), extracted from the root of Paeonia lactiflora, has been reported to be an effective antioxidant. PLIN2, known as adipose differentiation-related protein, has been previously involved in the regulation of oxidative stress. In this study, we were sought to investigate the photo-protective property of PF and PLIN2 in UVA-radiated human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). HDFs were pre-treated with PF (800 μM) followed by UVA radiation (22.5 J/cm2). MTS activity, cell apoptosis, ROS, MDA, and SOD were detected, respectively. The expressions of Nrf2, HO-1, NQ-O1, and PLIN2 were determined using RT-qPCR or western blot. Nrf2 was silenced by siRNA, and PLIN2 was overexpressed via lentiviral transduction. Comparing to the UVA radiation, PF pre-treatment could prominently increase the MTS activity, decrease cell apoptosis, reduce the generations of ROS and MDA, increase the activity of SOD and increase the expression of Nrf2 and its target genes HO-1 and NQ-O1. When Nrf2 was knocked down, PF lost above protective properties. In addition, UVA induced oxidative stress led to upregulation of PLIN2 and the latter could be decreased by PF. Overexpression of PLIN2 improved MTS activity and reduced MDA level in HDFs. The combination of PLIN2 overexpression and PF pre-treatment corporately inhibited UVA-induced injury. Besides, we also found that PF and PLIN2 had a compensatory protection against UVA induced oxidative stress. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that UVA induced photodamages could be inhibited by PF via Nrf2/HO-1/NQ-O1 signaling pathway or by PLIN2, and the combination of PLIN2 overexpression and PF played additive effects against UVA-related oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Song Lu
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jin-Ping Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shi-Bin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pei-Yao Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Zhe Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui-Qun Qi
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - He-Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xing-Hua Gao
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong-Duo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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13
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Zhang Q, Zhang P, Li B, Dang H, Jiang J, Meng L, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Wang X, Li Q, Wang Y, Liu C, Li F. The Expression of Perilipin Family Proteins can be used as Diagnostic Markers of Liposarcoma and to Differentiate Subtypes. J Cancer 2020; 11:4081-4090. [PMID: 32368290 PMCID: PMC7196260 DOI: 10.7150/jca.41736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Liposarcoma is a mesenchymal malignant tumor characterized by adipocyte differentiation which is divided into four subtypes with different prognosis. Accurate histopathological diagnosis is essential for precise treatment. Perilipins, including PLIN1, PLIN2, PLIN3, PLIN4, PLIN5, is a family of lipid droplet-associated proteins that participate in lipid metabolism regulation. The role that perilipins play in sarcomas is not clear. This study aims to assess perilipins expression in subtypes of liposarcoma and various non-lipomatous sarcomas. Methods: A large set of 245 soft tissue sarcoma paraffin-embedded samples including 66 liposarcomas and 179 non-lipomatous sarcomas were collected for tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry to assess perilipins expression. Results: PLIN1 expression was shown in most liposarcomas (41/66) and was absent in non-lipomatous sarcomas (0/179). PLIN4 expression was shown in some liposarcomas (21/66) and was almost negative in non-lipomatous sarcomas (2/179). PLIN1 and PLIN4 expressions in liposarcoma were higher (both P<0.001) than those in non-lipomatous sarcoma. Both PLIN1 and PLIN4 also had a significant difference in liposarcoma subtypes (both P<0.001). PLIN2, PLIN3 and PLIN5 were widely expressed in liposarcomas, rhabdomyosarcomas, leiomyosarcomas, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, undifferentiated sarcomas, fibrosarcomas, Ewing's sarcomas and epithelioid sarcomas. PLIN2, PLIN3 and PLIN5 expressions were significantly different among non-lipomatous sarcoma (all P<0.01). Except for PLIN3, the expression of the other four perilipin members in liposarcoma was pairwise related. Conclusions: PLIN1 and PLIN4 can be used as diagnostic markers of liposarcoma and to differentiate liposarcoma subtypes. The combined application of whole perilipin family immunohistochemistry may help to distinguish differently differentiated sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaochu Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Pengpeng Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, China.,Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 100032 China
| | - Bingcheng Li
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Hongwei Dang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Jinfang Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Lian Meng
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Qianru Li
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Chunxia Liu
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832002, China.,Department of Pathology and Medical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
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14
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, with atherosclerosis as the major underlying factor, remains the leading cause of death worldwide. It is well established that cholesterol ester-enriched foam cells are the hallmark of atherosclerotic plaques. Multiple lines of evidence support that enhancing foam cell cholesterol efflux by HDL (high-density lipoprotein) particles, the first step of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), is a promising antiatherogenic strategy. Yet, excitement towards the therapeutic potential of manipulating RCT for the treatment of cardiovascular disease has faded because of the lack of the association between cardiovascular disease risk and what was typically measured in intervention trials, namely HDL cholesterol, which has an inconsistent relationship to HDL function and RCT. In this review, we will summarize some of the potential reasons for this inconsistency, update the mechanisms of RCT, and highlight conditions in which impaired HDL function or RCT contributes to vascular disease. On balance, the evidence still argues for further research to better understand how HDL functionality contributes to RCT to develop prevention and treatment strategies to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Ouimet
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.O.)
| | - Tessa J Barrett
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York (T.J.B., E.A.F.)
| | - Edward A Fisher
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York (T.J.B., E.A.F.)
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15
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Paul A, Lydic TA, Hogan R, Goo YH. Cholesterol Acceptors Regulate the Lipidome of Macrophage Foam Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3784. [PMID: 31382484 PMCID: PMC6695943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial foam cells are central players of atherogenesis. Cholesterol acceptors, apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), take up cholesterol and phospholipids effluxed from foam cells into the circulation. Due to the high abundance of cholesterol in foam cells, most previous studies focused on apoA-I/HDL-mediated free cholesterol (FC) transport. However, recent lipidomics of human atherosclerotic plaques also identified that oxidized sterols (oxysterols) and non-sterol lipid species accumulate as atherogenesis progresses. While it is known that these lipids regulate expression of pro-inflammatory genes linked to plaque instability, how cholesterol acceptors impact the foam cell lipidome, particularly oxysterols and non-sterol lipids, remains unexplored. Using lipidomics analyses, we found cholesterol acceptors remodel foam cell lipidomes. Lipid subclass analyses revealed various oxysterols, sphingomyelins, and ceramides, species uniquely enriched in human plaques were significantly reduced by cholesterol acceptors, especially by apoA-I. These results indicate that the function of lipid-poor apoA-I is not limited to the efflux of cholesterol and phospholipids but suggest that apoA-I serves as a major regulator of the foam cell lipidome and might play an important role in reducing multiple lipid species involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Paul
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Todd A Lydic
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Ryan Hogan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Young-Hwa Goo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
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16
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Borovac JA, D'Amario D, Vergallo R, Porto I, Bisignani A, Galli M, Annibali G, Montone RA, Leone AM, Niccoli G, Crea F. Neoatherosclerosis after drug-eluting stent implantation: a novel clinical and therapeutic challenge. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOTHERAPY 2019; 5:105-116. [PMID: 30285099 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvy036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The recognition that obstructive disease of the epicardial coronary arteries, causing ischaemic heart disease, can be treated with a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been a major discovery in cardiology in the last 40 years contributing, in particular, to the reduction of mortality associated to acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, even in the era of drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation, a sizable proportion of patients who undergo PCI may develop late or very late post-implantation complications, that occur in the form of restenosis, neoatherosclerosis, and/or in-stent thrombosis. Such complications are clinically relevant since they can cause AMI and negatively impact on the outcome. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are complex but related to inhibition of neointimal proliferation by DES that, on the hand, reduces the rate of in-stent restenosis, but, on the other hand, causes dysfunctional vessel healing, persistent inflammation, platelet activation, and adverse immunological responses. Multiple approaches have been developed or are under evaluation to target DES-related complications including pharmacotherapy, procedure-related imaging methods, novel stent designs, and drug-delivery methods. The aim of this review is to provide an update on the latest preclinical, translational, and clinical pharmacotherapeutic developments in this setting that target novel cellular mechanisms and pathways that might contribute to neoatherosclerosis. Due to the importance of secondary prevention in the reduction of DES-associated complications, this review also provides a short overview of pharmacological agents that are established or currently being investigated in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josip A Borovac
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Soltanska 2, Split, Croatia.,University Hospital of Split, Spinciceva 1, Split, Croatia
| | - Domenico D'Amario
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Vergallo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Italo Porto
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Bisignani
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Galli
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Annibali
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco A Montone
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Maria Leone
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Niccoli
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
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17
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Wang F, Zhang Z, Fang A, Jin Q, Fang D, Liu Y, Wu J, Tan X, Wei Y, Jiang C, Song X. Macrophage Foam Cell-Targeting Immunization Attenuates Atherosclerosis. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3127. [PMID: 30687328 PMCID: PMC6335275 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Macrophage foam cells (FCs) play a crucial role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Reducing the formation or inducing the removal of FCs could ameliorate atherosclerosis. The present study examined whether the whole-cell vaccination using FCs could be used as novel prevention and treatment strategies to battle atherosclerosis. Methods: ApoE−/− mice with initial or established atherosclerosis were subcutaneously immunized three times with FCs in Freund's adjuvant. Results: Immunization with FCs resulted in an overt reduction of atherosclerotic lesion in the whole aorta and the aortic root with enhanced lesion stability. Subsequent study in mechanism showed that FCs vaccination dramatically increased CD4+ T cell and CD8+ T cell populations. Immunization with FCs significantly raised the plasma FCs-specific IgG antibodies. Of note, the FCs immune plasma could selectively recognize and bind to FC. FCs immune plasma significantly blocked the process of FCs formation, finally reduced the accumulation of FCs in plaque. Additionally, it was observed that FCs immunization down-regulated the expression level of atherosclerosis related pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ, MCP-1, and IL-6 and enhanced the lesion stability with a significant increase in TGF-β1 level and collagen content. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that the whole-cell vaccination using FCs significantly decreased lesion development and positively modulated lesion progression and stability by targeting FCs. The whole-cell FCs vaccine might represent a potential novel strategy for development of new antibodies and vaccines to the prevention or treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazhan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Aiping Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Quansheng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dailong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyue Tan
- Department of Pathology/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Medical School of Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangrong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Y Small
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, 31-008 Anny 12, Krakow, Poland
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19
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Zhang P, Meng L, Song L, Du J, Du S, Cui W, Liu C, Li F. Roles of Perilipins in Diseases and Cancers. Curr Genomics 2018; 19:247-257. [PMID: 29755288 PMCID: PMC5930447 DOI: 10.2174/1389202918666170915155948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Perilipins, an ancient family of lipid droplet-associated proteins, are embedded in a phospho-lipid monolayer of intracellular lipid droplets. The core of lipid droplets is composed of neutral fat, which mainly includes triglyceride and cholesterol ester. Perilipins are closely related to the function of lipid droplets, and they mediate lipid metabolism and storage. Therefore, perilipins play an important role in the development of obesity, diabetes, cancer, hepatic diseases, atherosclerosis, and carcinoma, which are caused by abnormal lipid metabolism. Accumulation of lipid droplets is a common phenomenon in tumor cells. Available data on the pathophysiology of perilipins and the relationship of perilipins with endocrine metabolic diseases and cancers are summarized in this mini-review. The research progress on this family offers novel insights into the therapeutic strategies for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Zhang
- Department of Pathology and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lian Meng
- Department of Pathology and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lingxie Song
- Department of Pathology and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Pathology and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shutong Du
- Department of Pathology and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wenwen Cui
- Department of Pathology and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chunxia Liu
- Department of Pathology and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pathology and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China.,Department of Pathology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing100020, China
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20
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Gal D, Sipido KR, Vandevelde W. Editorial highlights from Cardiovascular Research. Cardiovasc Res 2017; 113:e64-e68. [PMID: 29186440 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diane Gal
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karin R Sipido
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wouter Vandevelde
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Belgium
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21
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Cheng HP, Gong D, Zhao ZW, He PP, Yu XH, Ye Q, Huang C, Zhang X, Chen LY, Xie W, Zhang M, Li L, Xia XD, Ouyang XP, Tan YL, Wang ZB, Tian GP, Zheng XL, Yin WD, Tang CK. MicroRNA-182 Promotes Lipoprotein Lipase Expression and Atherogenesisby Targeting Histone Deacetylase 9 in Apolipoprotein E-Knockout Mice. Circ J 2017; 82:28-38. [PMID: 28855441 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-16-1165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) expressed in macrophages plays an important role in promoting the development of atherosclerosis or atherogenesis. MicroRNA-182 (miR-182) is involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism and inflammation. However, it remains unclear how miR-182 regulates LPL and atherogenesis.Methods and Results:Using bioinformatics analyses and a dual-luciferase reporter assay, we identified histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) as a target gene of miR-182. Moreover, miR-182 upregulated LPL expression by directly targetingHDAC9in THP-1 macrophages. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), Oil Red O and Masson's trichrome staining showed that apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-knockout (KO) mice treated with miR-182 exhibited more severe atherosclerotic plaques. Treatment with miR-182 increased CD68 and LPL expression in atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE-KO mice, as indicated by double immunofluorescence staining in the aortic sinus. Increased miR-182-induced increases in LPL expression in ApoE-KO mice was confirmed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analyses. Treatment with miR-182 also increased plasma concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and lipids in ApoE-KO mice. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study suggest that miR-182 upregulates LPL expression, promotes lipid accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions, and increases proinflammatory cytokine secretion, likely through targetingHDAC9, leading to an acceleration of atherogenesis in ApoE-KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Peng Cheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Duo Gong
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Zhen-Wang Zhao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Ping-Ping He
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Xiao-Hua Yu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Qiong Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China
| | - Chong Huang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Life Science College, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Ling-Yan Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Wei Xie
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Min Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Liang Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Xiao-Dan Xia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Xin-Ping Ouyang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Yu-Lin Tan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Zong-Bao Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Life Science College, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Guo-Ping Tian
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China
| | - Xi-Long Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Health Sciences Center, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW
| | - Wei-Dong Yin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
| | - Chao-Ke Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China
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22
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Dysfunctional HDL in diabetes mellitus and its role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 440:167-187. [PMID: 28828539 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3165-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease, the leading cause of death in the developed and developing countries, is prevalent in diabetes mellitus with 68% cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality. Epidemiological studies suggested inverse correlation between HDL and CVD occurrence. Therefore, low HDL concentration observed in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic individuals was thought to be one of the primary causes of increased risks of CVD. Efforts to raise HDL level via CETP inhibitors, Torcetrapib and Dalcetrapib, turned out to be disappointing in outcome studies despite substantial increases in HDL-C, suggesting that factors beyond HDL concentration may be responsible for the increased risks of CVD. Therefore, recent studies have focused more on HDL function than on HDL levels. The metabolic environment in diabetes mellitus condition such as hyperglycemia-induced advanced glycation end products, oxidative stress, and inflammation promote HDL dysfunction leading to greater risks of CVD. This review discusses dysfunctional HDL as one of the mechanisms of increased CVD risks in diabetes mellitus through adversely affecting components that support HDL function in cholesterol efflux and LDL oxidation. The dampening of reverse cholesterol transport, a key process that removes cholesterol from lipid-laden macrophages in the arterial wall, leads to increased risks of CVD in diabetic patients. Therapeutic approaches to keep diabetes under control may benefit patients from developing CVD.
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23
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Conte M, Franceschi C, Sandri M, Salvioli S. Perilipin 2 and Age-Related Metabolic Diseases: A New Perspective. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2016; 27:893-903. [PMID: 27659144 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Perilipin 2 (Plin2), a protein associated with the metabolism of intracellular lipid droplets (LDs), has long been considered only for its role in lipid storage. However, the manipulation of its expression affects the severity of a variety of metabolic and age-related diseases, such as fatty liver, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, sarcopenia, and cancer, suggesting that this protein may play a role in these pathological conditions. In particular, its downregulation in mice prevents or mitigates some of the above mentioned diseases. Conversely, in humans high levels of Plin2 are present in sarcopenia, hepatic steatosis, atherosclerosis, and some types of cancer. We propose that inhibition of Plin2 might be a strategy to counteract several metabolic and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Conte
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre 'L. Galvani' (CIG), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- IRCCS, Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Sandri
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre 'L. Galvani' (CIG), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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24
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Goo YH, Son SH, Yechoor VK, Paul A. Transcriptional Profiling of Foam Cells Reveals Induction of Guanylate-Binding Proteins Following Western Diet Acceleration of Atherosclerosis in the Absence of Global Changes in Inflammation. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:e002663. [PMID: 27091181 PMCID: PMC4859273 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.002663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Foam cells are central to two major pathogenic processes in atherogenesis: cholesterol buildup in arteries and inflammation. The main underlying cause of cholesterol deposition in arteries is hypercholesterolemia. This study aimed to assess, in vivo, whether elevated plasma cholesterol also alters the inflammatory balance of foam cells. Methods and Results Apolipoprotein E–deficient mice were fed regular mouse chow through the study or were switched to a Western‐type diet (WD) 2 or 14 weeks before death. Consecutive sections of the aortic sinus were used for lesion quantification or to isolate RNA from foam cells by laser‐capture microdissection (LCM) for microarray and quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses. WD feeding for 2 or 14 weeks significantly increased plasma cholesterol, but the size of atherosclerotic lesions increased only in the 14‐week WD group. Expression of more genes was affected in foam cells of mice under prolonged hypercholesterolemia than in mice fed WD for 2 weeks. However, most transcripts coding for inflammatory mediators remained unchanged in both WD groups. Among the main players in inflammatory or immune responses, chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 13 was induced in foam cells of mice under WD for 2 weeks. The interferon‐inducible GTPases, guanylate‐binding proteins (GBP)3 and GBP6, were induced in the 14‐week WD group, and other GBP family members were moderately increased. Conclusions Our results indicate that acceleration of atherosclerosis by hypercholesterolemia is not linked to global changes in the inflammatory balance of foam cells. However, induction of GBPs uncovers a novel family of immune modulators with a potential role in atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hwa Goo
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY
| | - Se-Hee Son
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY
| | - Vijay K Yechoor
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Antoni Paul
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY
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25
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Pourcet B, Staels B. Perilipin2/adipophilin and ApoA-1 team up to combat atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 109:193-5. [PMID: 26705365 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Pourcet
- Univ. Lille, U1011 - EGID, Lille F-59000, France Inserm, U1011, Lille F-59000, France Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Bart Staels
- Univ. Lille, U1011 - EGID, Lille F-59000, France Inserm, U1011, Lille F-59000, France Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille F-59000, France
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