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Cui H, Xu W, Liu L, Hong Y, Lou H, Tang P, Lin Y, Xu H, Xie M, Du M, Tang X, Wang Z, Wang Q, Zhang Y. Diosgenin alleviates arsenic trioxide induced cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting endothelial mesenchymal transition. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155891. [PMID: 39059093 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Arsenic trioxide (ATO), the first-line drug in treating acute premyelogenous leukemia, has the profound side effect of inducing endothelial mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and causing cardiac fibrosis. Diosgenin (DIO), a pharmaceutical compound found in Paris polyphylla, exhibits promising potential in safeguarding cardiovascular health by mitigating EndMT. PURPOSE This study aims to explore the role and mechanism of DIO in ATO-induced myocardial fibrosis to provide a novel therapeutic agent for ATO-induced cardiac fibrosis. METHODS Wistar rats were given DIO by gavage and ATO by tail vein. Cardiac function and fibrosis were evaluated by echocardiography and Masson's trichrome staining in rats. Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were utilized to analyze ATO-induced EndMT in vitro. The cytoskeleton of HAECs was visualized using F-actin staining to observe cell morphology, while Dil-Ac-LDL staining was employed to assess cell functionality. EndMT-related factors (CD31 and α-SMA), glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, GR was knocked down by si-GR, and IL-6 was blocked by IL-6 neutralizing antibody to verify their role in the effect of DIO on ATO-induced EndMT in HAECs. RESULTS DIO exhibited significant efficacy in ATO-induced damage to both cardiac diastolic and systolic function, along with mitigating cardiac fibrosis. Additionally, DIO alleviated the loss of cytoskeletal anisotropy and enhanced the uptake of Dil-Ac-LDL in HAECs. Furthermore, it reversed the ATO-induced downregulation of endothelial-specific markers CD31 and GR, while suppressing the upregulation of mesenchymal markers α-SMA and IL-6, both in vivo and in vitro. Notably, the protective effect of DIO was compromised upon knockdown of GR, which also led to a reversal of DIO-induced IL-6 downregulation. Furthermore, the neutralization of IL-6 with specific antibodies abolished the ATO-induced changes related to EndMT. CONCLUSION In this study, we clarified the protective effect of DIO on ATO-induced myocardial fibrosis against EndMT via the GR/IL-6 axis for the first time and provided a potential therapeutic agent for preventing heart damage caused by ATO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China; First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Wanqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Yang Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Han Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Pingping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Yuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Henghui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Minzhen Xie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Menghan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Xueqing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Zhixia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China; State Key Labratoray -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, 150081, PR China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150081, PR China.
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Chu H, Qin Y, Qiu T, Zhou S, Na Z, Sun Y, Xu Y, Zhong Y. Phenotype and function of smooth muscle cells derived from the human normal great saphenous vein in response to hypoxia. Phlebology 2024; 39:96-107. [PMID: 37921696 DOI: 10.1177/02683555231211990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The contribution of hypoxia to the pathophysiology of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has not yet been fully elucidated. This study evaluated the effect of hypoxia on the phenotype and function of SMCs derived from the human normal great saphenous veins (NGSVs). METHODS Fifteen NGSV tissue samples were collected. SMCs were isolated and cultured. Proliferation, migration, adhesion, senescence, and the structure of cytoskeletal filaments in SMCs were observed. mRNA and protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2, MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1, and TIMP-2 was detected by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting in the cobalt chloride (CoCl2) and the control groups. RESULTS A decrease in the number of cytoskeletal filaments was observed. mRNA and protein expression of Bas and caspase-3 was significantly decreased, while the quantity of proliferation, migration, adhesion, senescence, and mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 in SMCs in the CoCl2 group were significantly increased compared with the control group. CONCLUSION Under hypoxic conditions, the phenotype and function of SMCs derived from the human NGSVs were dysregulated, suggesting that VSMCs switch from the contractile phenotype to the secretory or synthetic phenotype, and more dedifferentiate, resulting in extracellular matrix deposition and apoptotic decrease through the intrinsic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Chu
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanyan Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Tianzhen Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shunchang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Branch of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhang Na
- Center of General Surgery, The 80th Group Army Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Weifang, China
| | - Yanping Sun
- Center of General Surgery, The 80th Group Army Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Weifang, China
| | - Yongbo Xu
- Center of General Surgery, The 80th Group Army Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Weifang, China
| | - Yuxu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
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Wang B, He J, Cui Y, Yu S, Zhang H, Wei P, Zhang Q. The HIF-1α/EGF/EGFR Signaling Pathway Facilitates the Proliferation of Yak Alveolar Type II Epithelial Cells in Hypoxic Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1442. [PMID: 38338723 PMCID: PMC10855765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The yak is a unique creature that thrives in low-oxygen environments, showcasing its adaptability to high-altitude settings with limited oxygen availability due to its unique respiratory system. However, the impact of hypoxia on alveolar type II (AT2) epithelial cell proliferation in yaks remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated the effects of different altitudes on 6-month-old yaks and found an increase in alveolar septa thickness and AT2 cell count in a high-altitude environment characterized by hypoxia. This was accompanied by elevated levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression. Additionally, we observed a significant rise in Ki67-positive cells and apoptotic lung epithelial cells among yaks inhabiting higher altitudes. Our in vitro experiments demonstrated that exposure to hypoxia activated HIF-1α, EGF, and EGFR expression leading to increased proliferation rates among yak AT2 cells. Under normal oxygen conditions, activation of HIF-1α enhanced EGF/EGFR expressions which subsequently stimulated AT2 cell proliferation. Furthermore, activation of EGFR expression under normoxic conditions further promoted AT2 cell proliferation while simultaneously suppressing apoptosis. Conversely, inhibition of EGFR expression under hypoxic conditions had contrasting effects. In summary, hypoxia triggers the proliferation of yak AT2 cells via activation facilitated by the HIF-1α/EGF/EGFR signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Anatomy & Tissue Embryology, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (B.W.); (J.H.); (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (P.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Junfeng He
- Laboratory of Animal Anatomy & Tissue Embryology, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (B.W.); (J.H.); (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (P.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Yan Cui
- Laboratory of Animal Anatomy & Tissue Embryology, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (B.W.); (J.H.); (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (P.W.); (Q.Z.)
- Gansu Province Livestock Embryo Engineering Research Center, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Sijiu Yu
- Laboratory of Animal Anatomy & Tissue Embryology, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (B.W.); (J.H.); (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (P.W.); (Q.Z.)
- Gansu Province Livestock Embryo Engineering Research Center, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Huizhu Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Anatomy & Tissue Embryology, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (B.W.); (J.H.); (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (P.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Pengqiang Wei
- Laboratory of Animal Anatomy & Tissue Embryology, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (B.W.); (J.H.); (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (P.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Anatomy & Tissue Embryology, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (B.W.); (J.H.); (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (P.W.); (Q.Z.)
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Li HR, Chen GL, Fang XL, Cai XJ, Xu RL, Li DD, Zhang ZW. Circ_0068481 Affects the Human Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells' Progression by miR-361-3p/KLF5 Axis. Am J Hypertens 2024; 37:33-45. [PMID: 37738301 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpad028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uncontrolled proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) contributes to the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In this work, we defined the precise part of circ_0068481 in PASMC proliferation and migration induced by hypoxia. We hypothesized that circ_0068481 enhanced hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation, invasion, and migration through the microRNA (miR)-361-3p/Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) pathway. METHODS Human PASMCs (hPASMCs) were exposed to hypoxic (3% O2) conditions. Circ_0068481, miR-361-3p, and KLF5 levels were gauged by qRT-PCR and western blot. Cell viability, proliferation, invasion, and migration were detected by XTT, EdU incorporation, transwell, and wound-healing assays, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation, and RNA pull-down assays were performed to confirm the direct relationship between miR-361-3p and circ_0068481 or KLF5. RESULTS Circ_0068481 expression was increased in the serum of PAH patients and hypoxia-induced hPASMCs. Downregulation of circ_0068481 attenuated hypoxia-induced promotion in hPASMC proliferation, invasion, and migration. Circ_0068481 directly targeted miR-361-3p, and miR-361-3p downregulation reversed the inhibitory effects of circ_0068481 silencing on hypoxia-induced hPASMC proliferation, invasion, and migration. KLF5 was a direct miR-361-3p target, and miR-361-3p upregulation mitigated hypoxia-induced hPASMC proliferation, invasion, and migration by inhibiting KLF5 expression. Moreover, circ_0068481-induced KLF5 expression by binding to miR-361-3p in hypoxic hPASMCs. CONCLUSIONS Circ_0068481 knockdown ameliorated hypoxia-induced hPASMC proliferation, invasion, and migration at least in part through the miR-361-3p/KLF5 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Rong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guan-Liang Chen
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Li Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Xing-Jiu Cai
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Li Xu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Dong Li
- Laboratory department, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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Paumann-Page M, Obinger C, Winterbourn CC, Furtmüller PG. Peroxidasin Inhibition by Phloroglucinol and Other Peroxidase Inhibitors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:23. [PMID: 38275643 PMCID: PMC10812467 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Human peroxidasin (PXDN) is a ubiquitous peroxidase enzyme expressed in most tissues in the body. PXDN represents an interesting therapeutic target for inhibition, as it plays a role in numerous pathologies, including cardiovascular disease, cancer and fibrosis. Like other peroxidases, PXDN generates hypohalous acids and free radical species, thereby facilitating oxidative modifications of numerous biomolecules. We have studied the inhibition of PXDN halogenation and peroxidase activity by phloroglucinol and 14 other peroxidase inhibitors. Although a number of compounds on their own potently inhibited PXDN halogenation activity, only five were effective in the presence of a peroxidase substrate with IC50 values in the low μM range. Using sequential stopped-flow spectrophotometry, we examined the mechanisms of inhibition for several compounds. Phloroglucinol was the most potent inhibitor with a nanomolar IC50 for purified PXDN and IC50 values of 0.95 μM and 1.6 μM for the inhibition of hypobromous acid (HOBr)-mediated collagen IV cross-linking in a decellularized extracellular matrix and a cell culture model. Other compounds were less effective in these models. Most interestingly, phloroglucinol was identified to irreversibly inhibit PXDN, either by mechanism-based inhibition or tight binding. Our work has highlighted phloroglucinol as a promising lead compound for the design of highly specific PXDN inhibitors and the assays used in this study provide a suitable approach for high-throughput screening of PXDN inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Paumann-Page
- Mātai Hāora Centre for Redox Biology and Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Ōtautahi Christchurch 8011, New Zealand;
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Christian Obinger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Christine C. Winterbourn
- Mātai Hāora Centre for Redox Biology and Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Ōtautahi Christchurch 8011, New Zealand;
| | - Paul G. Furtmüller
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria;
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Pankoke S, Schweitzer T, Bikker R, Pich A, Pfarrer C, Mühlfeld C, Schipke J. Obesity impacts hypoxia adaptation of the lung. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L352-L359. [PMID: 37461840 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00125.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is mostly associated with adverse health consequences, but may also elicit favorable effects under chronic conditions. This "obesity paradox" is under debate for pulmonary diseases. As confounding factors complicate conclusions from human studies, this study used a controlled animal model combining diet-induced obesity and chronic hypoxia as a model for pulmonary hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed control or high-fat diet for 30 wk, and half of the animals were exposed to chronic hypoxia (13% O2) for 3 wk. Hypoxia induced right ventricular hypertrophy, thickening of pulmonary arterial and capillary walls, higher lung volumes, and increased hemoglobin concentrations irrespective of the body weight. In contrast, lung proteomes differed substantially between lean- and obese-hypoxic mice. Many of the observed changes were linked to vascular and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. In lean-hypoxic animals, circulating platelets were reduced and abundances of various clotting-related proteins were altered, indicating a hypercoagulable phenotype. Moreover, the septal ECM composition was changed, and airspaces were significantly distended pointing to lung hyperinflation. These differences were mostly absent in the obese-hypoxic group. However, the obesity-hypoxia combination induced the lowest blood CO2 concentrations, indicating hyperventilation for sufficient oxygen supply. Moreover, endothelial surface areas were increased in obese-hypoxic mice. Thus, obesity exerts differential effects on lung adaptation to hypoxia, which paradoxically include not only adverse but also rather protective changes. These differences have a molecular basis in the lung proteome and may influence the pathogenesis of lung diseases. This should be taken into account for future individualized prevention and therapy.NEW & NOTEWORTHY An "obesity paradox" is discussed for pulmonary diseases. By linking lung proteome analyses to pulmonary structure and function, we demonstrate that diet-induced obesity affects lung adaptation to chronic hypoxia in various ways. The observed changes include not only adverse but also protective effects and are associated with altered abundances of vascular and extracellular matrix proteins. These results highlight the existence of relevant differences in individuals with obesity that may influence the pathogenesis of lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Pankoke
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Theresa Schweitzer
- Institute of Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Core Facility Proteomics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rolf Bikker
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Pich
- Institute of Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Core Facility Proteomics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christiane Pfarrer
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Schipke
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
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Gu C, Yang Z, Su S, Ma K, Nan X, Li Z, Lu D. 4-Terpineol attenuates pulmonary vascular remodeling via suppressing PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 473:116596. [PMID: 37328117 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The hyperproliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) plays a pivotal role in pulmonary arterial remodeling (PAR) of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH). 4-Terpineol is a constituent of Myristic fragrant volatile oil in Santan Sumtang. Our previous study found that Myristic fragrant volatile oil alleviated PAR in HPH rats. However, the effect and pharmacological mechanism of 4-terpineol in HPH rats remain unexplored. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to hypobaric hypoxia chamber (simulated altitudes of 4500 m) for 4 weeks to establish an HPH model in this study. During this period, rats were intragastrically administrated with 4-terpineol or sildenafil. After that, hemodynamic indexes and histopathological changes were assessed. Moreover, a hypoxia-induced cellular proliferative model was established by exposing PASMCs to 3% O2. PASMCs were pretreated with 4-terpineol or LY294002 to explore whether 4-terpineol targeted PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The PI3K/Akt-related proteins expression was also accessed in lung tissues of HPH rats. We found that 4-terpineol attenuated mPAP and PAR in HPH rats. Then, cellular experiments showed 4-terpineol inhibited hypoxia-induced PASMCs proliferation via down-regulating PI3K/Akt expression. Furthermore, 4-terpineol decreased the p-Akt, p-p38, and p-GSK-3β protein expression, as well as reduced the PCNA, CDK4, Bcl-2 and Cyclin D1 protein levels, while increasing levels of cleaved caspase 3, Bax, and p27kip1in lung tissues of HPH rats. Our results suggested that 4-terpineol mitigated PAR in HPH rats by inhibiting the proliferation and inducing apoptosis of PASMCs through suppression of the PI3K/Akt-related signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunlin Gu
- Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Qinghai, Xining 810001, China
| | - Zhanting Yang
- Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Qinghai, Xining 810001, China
| | - Shanshan Su
- Technical Center of Xining Customs, Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research in Qinghai, Xining, Qinghai 810003, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Qinghai, Xining 810001, China
| | - Xingmei Nan
- Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Qinghai, Xining 810001, China.
| | - Zhanqiang Li
- Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Qinghai, Xining 810001, China.
| | - Dianxiang Lu
- Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Qinghai, Xining 810001, China; Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Sichuan, Chengdu 610086, China.
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Poyatos P, Gratacós M, Samuel K, Orriols R, Tura-Ceide O. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Therapy in Pulmonary Hypertension. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1006. [PMID: 37237872 PMCID: PMC10215203 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease characterized by elevated artery pressures and pulmonary vascular resistance. Underlying mechanisms comprise endothelial dysfunction, pulmonary artery remodeling and vasoconstriction. Several studies have shown evidence of the critical role of oxidative stress in PH pathophysiology. Alteration of redox homeostasis produces excessive generation of reactive oxygen species, inducing oxidative stress and the subsequent alteration of biological molecules. Exacerbations in oxidative stress production can lead to alterations in nitric oxide signaling pathways, contributing to the proliferation of pulmonary arterial endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, inducing PH development. Recently, antioxidant therapy has been suggested as a novel therapeutic strategy for PH pathology. However, the favorable outcomes observed in preclinical studies have not been consistently reproduced in clinical practice. Therefore, targeting oxidative stress as a therapeutic intervention for PH is an area that is still being explored. This review summarizes the contribution of oxidative stress to the pathogenesis of the different types of PH and suggests antioxidant therapy as a promising strategy for PH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Poyatos
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital de Girona, Santa Caterina Hospital de Salt and the Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 Girona, Spain; (P.P.); (M.G.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Miquel Gratacós
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital de Girona, Santa Caterina Hospital de Salt and the Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 Girona, Spain; (P.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Kay Samuel
- Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, NHS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh EH14 4BE, UK
| | - Ramon Orriols
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital de Girona, Santa Caterina Hospital de Salt and the Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 Girona, Spain; (P.P.); (M.G.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Tura-Ceide
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital de Girona, Santa Caterina Hospital de Salt and the Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 Girona, Spain; (P.P.); (M.G.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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9
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Zhang X, Yang Z, Su S, Nan X, Xie X, Li Z, Lu D. Kaempferol ameliorates pulmonary vascular remodeling in chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension rats via regulating Akt-GSK3β-cyclin axis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 466:116478. [PMID: 36940862 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Excessive proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is considered a major contributor to elevated pulmonary vascular resistance and a key mechanism of vascular remodeling in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH). Kaempferol is a natural flavonoid compound and can be derived from numerous common medicinal herbs and vegetables, which exhibit antiproliferative and proapoptotic properties, however, the effects of kaempferol on vascular remodeling in HPH remain unexplored. In this study, SD rats were placed in a hypobaric hypoxia chamber for four weeks to establish a pulmonary hypertension model and given either kaempferol or sildenafil (an inhibitor of PDE-5) during days 1-28, after which the hemodynamic parameter and pulmonary vascular morphometry were assessed. Furthermore, primary rat PASMCs were exposed to hypoxic conditions to generate a cell proliferation model, then incubated with either kaempferol or LY294002 (an inhibitor of PI3K). Immunoblotting and real-time quantitative PCR assessed the protein and mRNA expression levels in HPH rat lungs and PASMCs. We found that kaempferol reduced pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular remodeling, and alleviated right ventricular hypertrophy in HPH rats. The mechanistic analysis demonstrated that kaempferol reduced the protein levels of phosphorylation of Akt and GSK3β, leading to decreased expression of pro-proliferation (CDK2, CDK4, Cyclin D1, and PCNA) and anti-apoptotic related proteins (Bcl-2) and increased expression of pro-apoptosis proteins (Bax and cleaved caspase 3). These results collectively demonstrate that kaempferol ameliorates HPH in rats by inhibiting PASMC proliferation and pro-apoptosis via modulation of the Akt/GSK3β/CyclinD axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Zhang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China; Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810007, China
| | - Zhanting Yang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China
| | - Shanshan Su
- Xining Customs Technical Center, Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research in Qinghai Province, Qinghai, Xining 810003, China
| | - Xingmei Nan
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China
| | - Xin Xie
- School of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Zhanqiang Li
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China.
| | - Dianxiang Lu
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China; Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610086, China.
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10
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Xiong Q, Lu F, Xie X, Zhou W. Hypoxia-induced endothelial cell-derived exosome stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Biomed Res 2023; 44:245-255. [PMID: 38008423 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.44.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
This study mainly used human VSMCs and ECs cultured in vitro to investigate whether exosomes (Exos) are involved in the communication between ECs and VSMCs under hypoxia, and to explore the role and mechanism of ECs-derived exosomes in the abnormal proliferation of VSMCs. VSMCs proliferation and migration were assessed by a series of cell function assays after culturing VSMCs alone or co-culturing ECs under hypoxia or normoxia. Next, exosomes were extracted from ECs under hypoxia or normoxia and characterized. We then introduced ECs-Exos to observe their effects on VSMCs proliferation and migration, and further evaluated the expression of transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1) pathway-related proteins. Finally, the effect of ECs-Exos on VSMCs function was evaluated after knocking down TGFBR1 in ECs. VSMCs treated with ECs-Exos exhibited increased proliferation and migration ability in hypoxic environment, and the expression of TGFBR1 pathway-related proteins was upregulated. Administration of ECs-Exos with TGFβ1 knockdown conspicuously reversed the promoting effects of ECs-Exos on cell proliferation and migration under hypoxia. In summary, hypoxia affected the secretion of extracellular vesicles by endothelial cells, which can be internalized by VSMCs and accelerate the abnormal proliferation and migration of VSMCs by delivering TGFBR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinggen Xiong
- Intervention Department (Vascular Surgery Department) of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330008, China
| | - Fei Lu
- Intervention Department (Vascular Surgery Department) of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330008, China
| | - Xiaoming Xie
- Intervention Department (Vascular Surgery Department) of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330008, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Intervention Department (Vascular Surgery Department) of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330008, China
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11
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Ning J, Cui X, Li N, Li N, Zhao B, Miao J, Lin Z. Activation of GRP78 ATPase suppresses A549 lung cancer cell migration by promoting ITGB4 degradation. Cell Adh Migr 2022; 16:107-114. [PMID: 36203272 PMCID: PMC9542429 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2022.2130415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is an essential signal molecule in cancer cells. Activated GRP78 ATPase by a HOCl probe named ZBM-H inhibits lung cancer cell growth. However, the role and underlying mechanism of GRP78 ATPase in lung cancer cell migration have not been established. Here, we reported that activation of GRP78 ATPase by ZBM-H suppressed A549 cell migration and inhibited EMT process. Notably, ZBM-H time-dependently decreased the protein level of integrin β4 (ITGB4) in A549 cells. Combinatorial treatment of 3BDO (an autophagy inhibitor) and ZBM-H partially rescued the protein level of ITGB4. Consistently, 3BDO partially reversed ZBM-H-inhibited cell migration. Furthermore, ZBM-H promoted the interaction between ANXA7 and Hsc70, which participated in the regulation of selective autophagy and degradation of ITGB4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Ning
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of Shanxi Province, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Nan Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Baoxiang Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Junying Miao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China,CONTACT Junying Miao Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P.R. China
| | - Zhaomin Lin
- Central Research Laboratory, the Second Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China,Zhaomin Lin Central Research Laboratory, the Second Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
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12
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Wang X, Chen A, Hu R, Zhang F, Liang S, Bao C, Liu X, Tang H, Han Y. Salusin-β, a TOR2A gene product, promotes proliferation, migration, fibrosis, and calcification of smooth muscle cells and accelerates the imbalance of vasomotor function and vascular remodeling in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertensive rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:928834. [PMID: 36249810 PMCID: PMC9564106 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.928834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The hyper-proliferation, promoted migration, fibrosis, and calcification of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) play critical roles in pulmonary artery (PA) continuous contraction and vascular remodeling, leading to elevated pulmonary arterial resistance and pulmonary hypertension (PH). In this study, we sought to ascertain the effects of a TOR2A gene product, salusin-β, on PASMCs’ proliferation, migration, fibrosis, calcification, and the imbalance of vasomotor function as well as pulmonary vascular remodeling in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH rats and their underlying mechanisms. Methods: Knockdown or overexpression of salusin-β in rats or PASMCs was performed through tail vein injection or cell transfection of virus. The right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) of the rat was measured by right ventricle catheterization. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or acetylcholine (ACh)-induced dose-dependent relaxation was used to evaluate the vasodilatation function. Primary PASMCs were isolated from the PAs of control and PH rats. Results: The salusin-β protein expressions were significantly increased in PAs and PASMCs isolated from PH rats compared with control rats. Knockdown of salusin-β in rats decreased high K+ solution-induced contraction, RVSP and RV hypertrophy index, improved SNP or ACh-induced vascular relaxation of PAs, and relieved vascular remodeling and calcification of PAs from PH rats. Silencing salusin-β in PASMCs isolated from PH rats alleviated the proliferation, migration, fibrosis, and calcification, as well as the NAD(P)H oxidase activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Overexpression of salusin-β exerted the opposite effects on vasomotor function and vascular remodeling, and PASMCs proliferation, migration, fibrosis and calcification. Conclusion: Increased salusin-β activity in PAs from PH rats contributes to PASMCs proliferation, migration, fibrosis, and calcification, leading to the imbalance of vascular contraction and relaxation and vascular remodeling through stimulating the production of NAD(P)H oxidase derived ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aidong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruihua Hu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuxin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Changlei Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xuanxuan Liu
- Department of Physiology, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Haiyang Tang, ; Ying Han,
| | - Ying Han
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Haiyang Tang, ; Ying Han,
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13
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Vascular peroxidase 1 promotes phenotypic transformation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells via ERK pathway in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertensive rats. Life Sci 2022; 307:120910. [PMID: 36029851 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Vascular peroxidase 1 (VPO1) plays an important role in mediation of vascular remodeling with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This study aims to determine whether VPO1 can promote phenotypic transformation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and the underlying mechanisms. MAIN METHODS Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to 10 % O2 for 21 days to establish the model of vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension. PASMCs were incubated with 3 % O2 for 48 h to induce phenotypic transformation. Western blot was performed to detect the expressions of target proteins. The 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay was conducted to measure the proliferation of PASMCs. KEY FINDINGS In the rats exposed to hypoxia, there were increases in right ventricular systolic pressure, pulmonary vascular remodeling and phenotypic transformation of PASMCs (the down-regulated contractile proteins of α-smooth muscle actin, smooth muscle 22α while the up-regulated synthetic proteins of osteopontin, cyclinD1), accompanied by up-regulation of VPO1, increase of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) production and elevation of the phosphorylation of ERK. In the cultured PASMCs exposed to hypoxia, similar results were achieved but they were reversed by VPO1 small interfering RNA (VPO1 siRNA) or HOCl inhibitor. Replacement of hypoxia with NaOCl could induce PASMCs phenotypic transformation and activate the ERK signaling. Furthermore, ERK inhibitor (PD98059) could also attenuate hypoxia-induced PASMCs phenotypic transformation. SIGNIFICANCE VPO1 play a pivotal role in promotion of phenotypic transformation of PASMCs under hypoxic condition through activation of VPO1/HOCl/ERK pathway. It might serve as a potential target for prevention of pulmonary vascular remodeling.
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14
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Liu R, Xu C, Zhang W, Cao Y, Ye J, Li B, Jia S, Weng L, Liu Y, Liu L, Zheng M. FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy and HIF1α activation drives pulmonary hypertension during hypoxia. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:634. [PMID: 35864106 PMCID: PMC9304375 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05091-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease characterized by hyper-proliferation of pulmonary vascular cells including pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and can lead to right heart failure and early death. Selective degradation of mitochondria by mitophagy during hypoxia regulates mitochondrial functions in many cells, however, it is not clear if mitophagy is involved in the pathogenesis of hypoxic PH. By employing the hypoxic mitophagy receptor Fundc1 knockout (KO) and transgenic (TG) mouse models, combined hypoxic PH models, the current study found that mitophagy is actively involved in hypoxic PH through regulating PASMC proliferation. In the pulmonary artery medium from hypoxic PH mice, mitophagy was upregulated, accompanied with the increased active form of FUNDC1 protein and the enhanced binding affinity of FUNDC1 with LC3B. In PASMCs, overexpression of FUNDC1 increased mitophagy and cell proliferation while knockdown of FUNDC1 inhibited hypoxia-induced mitophagy and PASMC proliferation. Stimulation of mitophagy by FUNDC1 in PASMCs elevated ROS production and inhibited ubiquitination of hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), and inhibition of mitophagy by FUNDC1 knockdown or knockout abolished hypoxia-induced ROS-HIF1α upregulation. Moreover, Fundc1 TG mice developed severe hemodynamics changes and pulmonary vascular remodeling, and Fundc1 KO mice were much resistant to hypoxic PH. In addition, intraperitoneal injection of a specific FUNDC1 peptide inhibitor to block mitophagy ameliorated hypoxic PH. Our results reveal that during hypoxic PH, FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy is upregulated which activates ROS-HIF1α pathway and promotes PASMC proliferation, ultimately leads to pulmonary vascular remodeling and PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxia Liu
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China ,grid.265021.20000 0000 9792 1228Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunling Xu
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Weilin Zhang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yangpo Cao
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Ye
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Li
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shi Jia
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Weng
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Liu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zheng
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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15
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Zeng S, Li S, Tang Q, Tuerdi A, Tong X, Tang X, Yin D, Li M, Yang Q. Association of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 and nitric oxide with hypertension in obstructive sleep apnea. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2022; 7:885-893. [PMID: 35734065 PMCID: PMC9194974 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are more likely to suffer from hypertension. At the same time, the serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) and nitric oxide (NO) in patients with OSA are also changed in OSA patients. We investigated the correlation between serum levels of MMP‐9, NO in patients with OSA and their association with hypertension in those patients, and the effects of continuous positive airway pressure therapy (CPAP) on these serum biomarkers and blood pressure. Methods Serum MMP‐9 and NO levels and blood pressure of 57 patients with newly diagnosed OSA and 30 controls were measured; among them, 30 patients with moderate to severe OSA underwent 3‐month CPAP treatment. Results In comparison to the control group, the MMP‐9 serum levels were higher (232.8 ± 103.2 ng/ml versus 161.6 ± 56.5 ng/ml, p < .001*), there was no statistical significance difference among serum NO (26.7 ± 9.1 IU/ml versus 31.0 ± 11.7 IU/ml, p = .06), and MMP‐9 was negatively correlated to NO, especially in patients with hypertension (r = −.644, p = .02*). MMP‐9, NO, and blood pressure were significantly recovered in the patients with OSA after CPAP treatment for 3 months (p < .05*). Conclusion The MMP‐9 level and the NO level were altered in OSA patients. The relationship between the two especially in patients with hypertension suggests the potential mechanism of OSA‐induced hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Zeng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Shisheng Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Qinglai Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Ayinuer Tuerdi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Xinying Tong
- Nephrology Institute Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Xiaojun Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Danhui Yin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
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16
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Deng H, Tian X, Sun H, Liu H, Lu M, Wang H. Calpain-1 mediates vascular remodelling and fibrosis via HIF-1α in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:2819-2830. [PMID: 35365973 PMCID: PMC9097838 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Calpain‐1, a calcium‐activated neutral cysteine proteases, has been reported to be involved in the formation of pulmonary hypertension. HIF‐1α, an oxygen‐sensitive transcription factor, has been reported to activate genes involved in cell proliferation and extracellular matrix recombination. This study was designed to investigate the effect of calpain‐1 in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) and to explore whether there is a relationship between calpain‐1 and HIF‐1α in this disease. In the hypoxia‐induced model of HPH, we found that hypoxia resulted in increased right ventricular systolic pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, pulmonary vascular remodelling and collagen deposition in lung tissues of mice. The levels of calpain‐1 and HIF‐1α were up‐regulated in the lung tissues of hypoxia‐treated mice and pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Knock‐out of calpain‐1 restrained haemodynamic and histological changes induced by chronic hypoxia in mice, and inhibition of calpain‐1 also repressed the abnormal proliferation and migration of PASMCs. Besides, knock‐out or inhibition of calpain‐1 suppressed hypoxia‐induced expression of HIF‐1α, VEGF, PCNA, TGF‐β1, MMP2 and collagen I in vivo and in vitro. While inhibition of HIF‐1α abolished the above effects of calpain‐1. Furthermore, we found that calpain‐1 mediates the expression of HIF‐1α through NF‐κB (P65) under hypoxia conditions. In conclusion, our results suggest that calpain‐1 plays a pivotal role in hypoxia‐induced pulmonary vascular remodelling and fibrosis through HIF‐1α, providing a better understanding of the pathogenesis of HPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxue Tian
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Hening Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Meili Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Hongxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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17
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Cheng G, Shi R. Mammalian peroxidasin (PXDN): From physiology to pathology. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 182:100-107. [PMID: 35219848 PMCID: PMC8957557 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Heme-containing peroxidases catalyze the oxidation of a variety of substrates by consuming hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and play diversified roles in physiology and pathology including innate immunity, the synthesis of thyroid hormone and the extracellular matrix, as well as the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases. Peroxidasin (PXDN), also known as Vascular Peroxidase-1 (VPO1), is a newly identified peroxidase and expresses in multiple cells and tissues including cardiovascular system and the lung. Recent studies imply its roles in the innate immunity, cardiovascular physiology and diseases, and extracellular matrix formation. Studies on the role of PXDN in human diseases are entering a new and exciting stage, and this review provides the insights into this emerging field of PXDN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjie Cheng
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
| | - Ruizheng Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Yang Y, Li Y, Yuan H, Liu X, Ren Y, Gao C, Jiao T, Cai Y, Zhao S. Integrative Analysis of the lncRNA-Associated ceRNA Regulatory Network Response to Hypoxia in Alveolar Type II Epithelial Cells of Tibetan Pigs. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:834566. [PMID: 35211545 PMCID: PMC8861501 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.834566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of alveolar type II epithelial (ATII) cells is severely hampered by oxygen deficiency, and understanding the regulatory mechanisms controlling responses to hypoxia may assist in relieving injury induced by hypoxia. In this study, we cultured ATII cells from Tibetan pigs and Landrace pigs under hypoxic and normoxic environments to screen for differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs, DEmiRNAs, and construct their associated ceRNA regulatory networks in response to hypoxia. Enrichment analysis revealed that target genes of DElncRNAs of Tibetan pigs and Landrace pig between the normoxic (TN, LN) and hypoxic (TL, LL) groups significantly enriched in the proteoglycans in cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and erbB signaling pathways, while the target genes of DEmiRNAs were significantly enriched in the axon guidance, focal adhesion, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Hypoxia induction was shown to potentially promote apoptosis by activating the focal adhesion/PI3K-Akt/glycolysis pathway. The ssc-miR-20b/MSTRG.57127.1/ssc-miR-7-5p axis potentially played a vital role in alleviating hypoxic injury by regulating ATII cell autophagy under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. MSTRG.14861.4-miR-11971-z-CCDC12, the most affected axis, regulated numerous RNAs and may thus regulate ATII cell growth in Tibetan pigs under hypoxic conditions. The ACTA1/ssc-miR-30c-3p/MSTRG.23871.1 axis is key for limiting ATII cell injury and improving dysfunction and fibrosis mediated by oxidative stress in Landrace pigs. Our findings provide a deeper understanding of the lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA regulatory mechanisms of Tibetan pigs under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongqing Li
- Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Haonan Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuanbo Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yue Ren
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Caixia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Ting Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shengguo Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shengguo Zhao
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Ning J, Wang X, Li N, Cui X, Li N, Zhao B, Miao J, Lin Z. ZBM-H-induced activation of GRP78 ATPase promotes apoptosis via annexin A7 in A549 lung cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:798-806. [PMID: 35118704 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is an essential signal for the regulation of cancer cell fate, including autophagy and apoptosis. HOCl regulated autophagy by affecting the oxidation modification of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and the activity of GRP78 ATPase. The mechanism of GRP78 ATPase in cell apoptosis has however not yet been clarified. Here we reported that ZBM-H, as a probe of HOCl, was able to directly bind to GRP78 in the presence or absence of ATP. Following ZBM-H treatment, the interaction between GRP78 and annexin A7 (ANXA7) was promoted, and this was accompanied by increased phosphorylation of integrin β4 (ITGB4). In addition, ZBM-H enhanced the phosphorylation of ANXA7. ABO, an inhibitor of ANXA7, inhibited ZBM-H-induced ITGB4 phosphorylation and apoptosis, while ANXA7 activator SEC had opposite effect. Collectively, these data provide new evidence for the mechanism by which ZBM-H-induced activation of GRP78 ATPase regulates apoptosis of A549 lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Ning
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaotan Wang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Nan Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoling Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Na Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Baoxiang Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junying Miao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhaomin Lin
- Central Research Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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20
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Chai T, Qiu C, Xian Z, Lu Y, Zeng Y, Li J. A narrative review of research advances in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:230. [PMID: 35280399 PMCID: PMC8908157 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a pathological syndrome characterized by pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary vascular remodeling caused by hypoxia, which eventually leads to right heart failure or death. There are 2 stages of onset of HPH: hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) and hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling (HPVR). It is an important pathophysiological link in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic mountain sickness (CMS), and its severity is closely related to the course and prognosis of COPD and CMS. However, there is a lack of systematic review on the diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment of HPH. The objective of this paper is to review the diagnosis, pathogenesis, treatment of HPH. Methods In this paper, the method of literature review is adopted to obtain the information about HPH. Based on the literature, comprehensive and systematic review is made. The diagnosis, pathogenesis, treatment of HPH are summarized. Key Content and Findings Right heart catheterization is the gold standard for diagnosing HPH. Hypoxia-inducible factor, oxidative stress, metal metabolism, ion channel, inflammatory cytokines, cell apoptosis and vascular factors are the main pathogenesis of HPH. The treatment of HPH includes long-term oxygen therapy, statins, prostaglandins, phosphodiesterase inhibitor and ET receptor antagonists. Conclusions Although great progress has been made in the pathophysiology and molecular biology of HPH, it is still unclear which factors play a leading role in the pathogenesis of HPH, and no breakthrough has been made in the treatment of HPH. It is believed that the specific mechanism will be revealed as the research continues, and earlier diagnosis and the development of more effective targeted drugs will be the focus of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianci Chai
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhihong Xian
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongzhen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuwei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
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Flavopiridol Mitigates the Progression of Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats by Targeting Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 9. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2022; 37:449-460. [PMID: 35088192 PMCID: PMC10164032 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-021-07285-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) and the therapeutic potential of a CDK9 inhibitor (flavopiridol) in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH). METHODS For the in vivo experiments, rats with PH were established by a single intraperitoneal injection of MCT (60 mg/kg). After 2 weeks of MCT injection, rats were then treated with flavopiridol (5 mg/kg, i.p., twice a week) or vehicle for 2 weeks. For the in vitro experiments, human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) were treated with flavopiridol (0.025-1 μM) or vehicle under hypoxic conditions. Hemodynamic recording, right ventricle histology, lung histology, and pulmonary arterial tissue isolation were performed. The expression levels of CDK9, RNA polymerase II, c-Myc, Mcl-1, and survivin were determined by qRT-PCR and western blotting, and the proliferation and apoptosis of rat pulmonary arterial tissues and/or HPASMCs were also assayed. RESULTS Compared to the control group, CDK9 was upregulated in pulmonary arterial tissues from MCT-induced PH rats and hypoxic cultured HPASMCs. Upregulation of CDK9 was associated with enhanced phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (RNA pol II) at serine-2 (Ser-2), promoting the expression of prosurvival and antiapoptotic proteins (c-Myc, Mcl-1, and survivin). Furthermore, treatment with flavopiridol (5 mg/kg) significantly alleviated pulmonary artery remodeling and partially reversed the progression of MCT-induced PH. Consistently, flavopiridol (0.5 μM) treatment decreased the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of cultured HPASMCs under hypoxic conditions. As a result of CDK9 inhibition and subsequent inhibition of RNA pol II CTD phosphorylation at Ser-2, flavopiridol decreased c-Myc, Mcl-1, and survivin expression in isolated pulmonary small arteries, leading to cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. CONCLUSION Flavopiridol mitigates the progression of MCT-induced PH in rats by targeting CDK9.
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22
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Mao L, Yin R, Yang L, Zhao D. Role of advanced glycation end products on vascular smooth muscle cells under diabetic atherosclerosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:983723. [PMID: 36120471 PMCID: PMC9470882 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.983723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease and leading cause of cardiovascular diseases. The progression of AS is a multi-step process leading to high morbidity and mortality. Hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), inflammation and insulin resistance which strictly involved in diabetes are closely related to the pathogenesis of AS. A growing number of studies have linked AGEs to AS. As one of the risk factors of cardiac metabolic diseases, dysfunction of VSMCs plays an important role in AS pathogenesis. AGEs are increased in diabetes, participate in the occurrence and progression of AS through multiple molecular mechanisms of vascular cell injury. As the main functional cells of vascular, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play different roles in each stage of atherosclerotic lesions. The interaction between AGEs and receptor for AGEs (RAGE) accelerates AS by affecting the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. In addition, increasing researches have reported that AGEs promote osteogenic transformation and macrophage-like transformation of VSMCs, and affect the progression of AS through other aspects such as autophagy and cell cycle. In this review, we summarize the effect of AGEs on VSMCs in atherosclerotic plaque development and progression. We also discuss the AGEs that link AS and diabetes mellitus, including oxidative stress, inflammation, RAGE ligands, small noncoding RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dong Zhao
- *Correspondence: Longyan Yang, ; Dong Zhao,
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23
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Sun S, Kong Q, Cai Z, Wang M, Zhao H, Zhao C. circ‑Grm1 promotes pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration via suppression of GRM1 expression by FUS. Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:202. [PMID: 34528696 PMCID: PMC8480385 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.5035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a progressive and fatal disease. Recent studies suggest that circular RNA (circRNAs/circs) can regulate various biological processes, including cell proliferation. Therefore, it is possible that circRNA may have important roles in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). The aim of the present study was to determine the role and mechanism of circRNA‑glutamate metabotropic receptor 1 (circ‑Grm1; mmu_circ_0001907) in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation and migration in HPH. High‑throughput transcriptome sequencing was used to screen circRNAs and targeted genes involved in HPH. Cell Counting Kit‑8 (CCK‑8), 5‑ethynyl‑2‑deoxyuridine and wound healing assays were employed to assess cell viability and migration. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to detect target gene expression in different groups. Bioinformatical approaches were used to predict the interaction probabilities of circ‑Grm1 and Grm1 with FUS RNA binding protein (FUS). The interactions of circ‑Grm1, Grm1 and FUS were evaluated using RNA silencing and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. The results demonstrated that circ‑Grm1 was upregulated in hypoxic PASMCs. Further experiments revealed that the knockdown of circ‑Grm1 could suppress the proliferation and migration of hypoxic PASMCs. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that Grm1 could be the target gene of circ‑Grm1. It was found that circ‑Grm1 could competitively bind to FUS and consequently downregulate Grm1. Moreover, Grm1 could inhibit the function of circ‑Grm1 by promoting the proliferative and migratory abilities of hypoxic PASMCs. The results also demonstrated that circ‑Grm1 influenced the biological functions of PASMCs via the Rap1/ERK pathway by regulating Grm1. Overall, the current results suggested that circ‑Grm1 was associated with HPH and promoted the proliferation and migration of PASMCs via suppression of Grm1 expression through FUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijing Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266034, P.R. China
| | - Qingyu Kong
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhifeng Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Minmin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Haizhao Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Cuifen Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Zhang H, He H, Cui Y, Yu S, Li S, Afedo SY, Wang Y, Bai X, He J. Regulatory effects of HIF-1α and HO-1 in hypoxia-induced proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells in yak. Cell Signal 2021; 87:110140. [PMID: 34478827 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) are important transcription regulators in hypoxic cells and for maintaining cellular homeostasis, but it is unclear whether they participate in hypoxia-induced excessive proliferation of yak pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). In this study, we identified distribution of HIF-1α and HO-1 in yak lungs. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence results revealed that both HIF-1α and HO-1 were mainly concentrated in the medial layer of small pulmonary arteries. Furthermore, under induced-hypoxic conditions, we investigated HIF-1α and HO-1 protein expression and studied their potential involvement in yak PASMCs proliferation and apoptosis. Western blot results also showed that both factors significantly increased in age-dependent manner and upregulated in hypoxic PASMCs (which exhibited obvious proliferation and anti-apoptosis phenomena). HIF-1α up-regulation by DMOG increased the proliferation and anti-apoptosis of PASMCs, while HIF-1α down-regulation by LW6 decreased proliferation and promoted apoptosis. More so, treatment with ZnPP under hypoxic conditions down-regulated HO-1 expression, stimulated proliferation, and resisted apoptosis in yak PASMCs. Taken together, our study demonstrated that both HIF-1α and HO-1 participated in PASMCs proliferation and apoptosis, suggesting that HO-1 is important for inhibition of yak PASMCs proliferation while HIF-1α promoted hypoxia-induced yak PASMCs proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhu Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Anatomy & Tissue Embryology, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Honghong He
- Gansu Province Livestock Embryo Engineering Research Center, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yan Cui
- Laboratory of Animal Anatomy & Tissue Embryology, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Gansu Province Livestock Embryo Engineering Research Center, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Sijiu Yu
- Laboratory of Animal Anatomy & Tissue Embryology, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Gansu Province Livestock Embryo Engineering Research Center, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shijie Li
- Laboratory of Animal Anatomy & Tissue Embryology, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Seth Yaw Afedo
- Laboratory of Animal Anatomy & Tissue Embryology, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Anatomy & Tissue Embryology, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xuefeng Bai
- Laboratory of Animal Anatomy & Tissue Embryology, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Junfeng He
- Laboratory of Animal Anatomy & Tissue Embryology, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Jing Cao, Zhang G, Liu Z, Xu Q, Li C, Cheng G, Shi R. Peroxidasin promotes diabetic vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by advanced glycation end products via NOX2/HOCl/Akt/eNOS pathway. Redox Biol 2021; 45:102031. [PMID: 34116361 PMCID: PMC8192873 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from NADPH oxidases (NOX) plays an essential role in advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-induced diabetic vascular endothelial dysfunction. Peroxidasin (PXDN, VPO1) is one member of peroxidases family that catalyzes hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to hypochlorous acid (HOCl). This present study aimed to elucidate the role of PXDN in promoting vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by AGEs in diabetes mellitus. We found that, compared to non-diabetic (db/m) mice, PXDN expression was notably increased in db/db mice with impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation. Knockdown of PXDN in vivo through tail vein injection of siRNA restored the impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation function of db/db mice which is accompanied with up-regulation of eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation and NO production. AGEs significantly elevated expression of PXDN and 3-Cl-Tyr, but decreased phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS and NO release in HUVECs. All these effects induced by AGEs were remarkable alleviated by silencing PXDN with small interfering RNAs. In addition, HOCl treatment alone as well as HOCl added with Akt inhibitor MK2206 inhibited phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS, reducing NO production. More importantly,AGEs-induced up-regulation of PXDN and 3-Cl-Tyr with endothelial dysfunction were transformed by NOX2 silencing and H2O2 scavengers. Thus, these results support the conclusion that PXDN promotes AGEs-induced diabetic vascular endothelial dysfunction by attenuating eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177 via NOX2/HOCl/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China.
| | - Guogang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Zhaoya Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China.
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China.
| | - Chan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 41008, Changsha, China.
| | - Guangjie Cheng
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35294, AL, USA.
| | - Ruizheng Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 41008, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
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26
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Song JL, Zheng SY, He RL, Gui LX, Lin MJ, Sham JSK. Serotonin and chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension activate a NADPH oxidase 4 and TRPM2 dependent pathway for pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Vascul Pharmacol 2021; 138:106860. [PMID: 33794383 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2021.106860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-dependent signaling mediated through its transporters and receptors plays important roles in chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (CHPH), which is associated with aberrant reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) is one of the major sources of ROS in pulmonary vasculature, and has been implicated in the development of PH. NOX4 generates H2O2, which can activate the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) channels, providing Ca2+ signals for cell proliferation and migration. However, the connection between 5-HT, NOX4, ROS and TRPM2 in the context of PH has not been established. Here we examined the level of 5-HT and expression of NOX4 and TRPM2, and their roles in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) proliferation and migration. NOX4 and TRPM2 were upregulated in pulmonary arteries of CHPH rats, which were associated with elevated levels of 5-HT and ROS, and enhanced proliferation and migration in PASMCs. The increase in ROS, and the enhanced proliferation and migration of PASMCs from CHPH rats were mimicked by treating normoxic PASMCs with 5-HT. 5-HT; and CH-induced ROS production were reversed by catalase, the NOX1/NOX4 inhibitor GKT137831, and Nox4 siRNA. 5-HT and H2O2 elicited Ca2+ responses were significantly augmented in CHPH PASMCs; and the augmented Ca2+ responses were obliterated by the 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) and Trpm2-specific siRNA. Moreover, 5-HT and CH-induced proliferation and migration were suppressed by Nox4 or Trpm2 siRNA; and simultaneous transfection of both siRNA did not cause further inhibition. These results suggest that the 5-HT and CH-induced PASMC proliferation and migration were mediated, at least in part, by TRPM2 via activation of NOX4-dependent ROS production; and revealed a novel NOX4-ROS-TRPM2 signaling pathway for the pathogenesis of CHPH.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calcium Signaling
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Chronic Disease
- Disease Models, Animal
- Hypoxia/complications
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/enzymology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- NADPH Oxidase 4/genetics
- NADPH Oxidase 4/metabolism
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/enzymology
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/etiology
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/pathology
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/physiopathology
- Pulmonary Artery/drug effects
- Pulmonary Artery/enzymology
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Pulmonary Artery/physiopathology
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Serotonin/metabolism
- Serotonin/pharmacology
- TRPM Cation Channels/genetics
- TRPM Cation Channels/metabolism
- Vascular Remodeling/drug effects
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lin Song
- Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Si-Yi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Rui-Lan He
- Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Long-Xin Gui
- Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Mo-Jun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Universities on Ion Channel and Signal Transduction in Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, PR China.
| | - James S K Sham
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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PXDN reduces autophagic flux in insulin-resistant cardiomyocytes via modulating FoxO1. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:418. [PMID: 33903591 PMCID: PMC8076187 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03699-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy, a well-observed intracellular lysosomal degradation process, is particularly important to the cell viability in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Peroxidasin (PXDN) is a heme-containing peroxidase that augments oxidative stress and plays an essential role in cardiovascular diseases, while whether PXDN contributes to the pathogenesis of DCM remains unknown. Here we reported the suppression of cell viability and autophagic flux, as shown by autophagosomes accumulation and increased expression level of LC3-II and p62 in cultured H9C2 and human AC16 cells that treated with 400 μM palmitate acid (PA) for 24 h. Simultaneously, PXDN protein level increased. Moreover, cell death, autophagosomes accumulation as well as increased p62 expression were suppressed by PXDN silence. In addition, knockdown of PXDN reversed PA-induced downregulated forkhead box-1 (FoxO1) and reduced FoxO1 phosphorylation, whereas did not affect AKT phosphorylation. Not consistent with the effects of si-PXDN, double-silence of PXDN and FoxO1 significantly increased cell death, suppressed autophagic flux and declined the level of FoxO1 and PXDN, while the expression of LC3-II was unchanged under PA stimulation. Furthermore, inhibition of FoxO1 in PA-untreated cells induced cell death, inhibited autophagic flux, and inhibited FoxO1 and PXDN expression. Thus, we come to conclusion that PXDN plays a key role in PA-induced cell death by impairing autophagic flux through inhibiting FoxO1, and FoxO1 may also affect the expression of PXDN. These findings may develop better understanding of potential mechanisms regarding autophagy in insulin-resistant cardiomyocytes.
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Fang X, Xie M, Liu X, He Y. CENPE contributes to pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 557:40-47. [PMID: 33862458 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling is a pathological feature of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Our results showed that centromere-associated protein E (CENPE) expression in PH patients and hypoxia-induced PH rats was significantly higher than that in normal controls. In addition, CENPE deficiency significantly inhibited the development of pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular hypertrophy. Moreover, knocking out CENPE effectively inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of primary pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) in vivo. Furthermore, CENPE silencing by small interference significantly inhibited abnormal proliferation, apoptosis resistance, migration, and cell cycle arrest in hypoxia-induced PASMCs. Interestingly, we found that CENPE might exert its biological effect by targeting the transcription of CDK1 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Fang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Key Lab of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Min Xie
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Key Lab of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Xiansheng Liu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Key Lab of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Yuanzhou He
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Key Lab of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China.
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He X, Fan X, Bai B, Lu N, Zhang S, Zhang L. Pyroptosis is a critical immune-inflammatory response involved in atherosclerosis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105447. [PMID: 33516832 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death activated by various stimuli and is characterized by inflammasome assembly, membrane pore formation, and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-18). Atherosclerosis-related risk factors, including oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and cholesterol crystals, have been shown to promote pyroptosis through several mechanisms that involve ion flux, ROS, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, lysosomal rupture, Golgi function, autophagy, noncoding RNAs, post-translational modifications, and the expression of related molecules. Pyroptosis of endothelial cells, macrophages, and smooth muscle cells in the vascular wall can induce plaque instability and accelerate atherosclerosis progression. In this review, we focus on the pathogenesis, influence, and therapy of pyroptosis in atherosclerosis and provide novel ideas for suppressing pyroptosis and the progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao He
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Xuehui Fan
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Bing Bai
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Nanjuan Lu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Shuang Zhang
- General Surgery, Harbin Changzheng Hospital, 363 Xuan Hua Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Liming Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Lyu Q, Bai Y, Cheng J, Liu H, Li S, Yang J, Wang Z, Ma Y, Jiang M, Dong D, Yan Y, Shi Q, Ren X, Ma J. Intermittent short-duration reoxygenation protects against simulated high altitude-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats. FASEB J 2020; 35:e21212. [PMID: 33230951 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000533rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
High-altitude pulmonary hypertension (HAPH) is a severe and progressive disease caused by chronic hypoxia and subsequent pulmonary vascular remodeling. No cure is currently available owing to an incomplete understanding about vascular remodeling. It is believed that hypoxia-induced diseases can be prevented by treating hypoxia. Thus, this study aimed to determine whether daily short-duration reoxygenation at sea level attenuates pulmonary hypertension under high-altitude hypoxia. To this end, a simulated 5000-m hypoxia rat model and hypoxic cultured human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells were used to evaluate the effect of short-duration reoxygenation. Results show that intermittent, not continuous, short-duration reoxygenation effectively attenuates hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. The mechanisms underlining the protective effects involved that intermittent, short-duration reoxygenation prevented functional and structural remodeling of pulmonary arteries and proliferation, migration, and phenotypic conversion of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells under hypoxia. The specific genes or potential molecular pathways responsible for mediating the protective effects were also characterised by RNA sequencing. Further, the frequency and the total time of intermittent reoxygenation affected its preventive effect of HAPH, which was likely attributable to augmented oxidative stress. Hence, daily intermittent, not continuous, short-duration reoxygenation partially prevented pulmonary hypertension induced by 5000-m hypoxia in rats. This study is novel in revealing a new potential method in preventing HAPH. It gives insights into the selection and optimisation of oxygen supply schemes in high-altitude areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Lyu
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yungang Bai
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiuhua Cheng
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhongchao Wang
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dong Dong
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yiquan Yan
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qixin Shi
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinling Ren
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Jin Ma
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Nie X, Shen C, Tan J, Wu Z, Wang W, Chen Y, Dai Y, Yang X, Ye S, Chen J, Bian JS. Periostin. Circ Res 2020; 127:1138-1152. [PMID: 32752980 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.316943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rationale:
POSTN (Periostin) is an ECM (extracellular matrix) protein involved in tissue remodeling in response to injury and a contributing factor in tumorigenesis, suggesting that POSTN plays a role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH).
Objective:
We aimed to gain insight into the mechanistic contribution of POSTN in experimental mouse models of PH and correlate these findings with PH in humans.
Methods and Results:
We used genetic epistasis approaches in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (hPAECs), human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, and experimental mouse models of PH (Sugen 5416/hypoxia or chronic hypoxia) to discern the role of POSTN and its relationship to HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor)-1α signaling. We found that POSTN expression was correlated with the extent of PH in mouse models and in humans. Decreasing POSTN improved hemodynamic and cardiac responses in PH mice, blunted the release of growth factors and HIF-1α, and reversed the downregulated BMPR (bone morphogenetic protein receptor)-2 expression in hPAECs from patients with PH, whereas increasing POSTIN had the opposite effects and induced a hyperproliferative and promigratory phenotype in both hPAECs and human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Overexpression of POSTN-induced activation of HIFs and increased the production of ET (endothelin)-1 and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) in hPAECs. SiRNA-mediated knockdown of HIF-1α abolished the proangiogenic effect of POSTN. Blockade of TrkB (tyrosine kinase receptor B) attenuated the effect of POSTN on HIF-1α expression, while inhibition of HIF-1α reduced the expression of POSTN and TrkB. These results suggest that hPAECs produce POSTN via a HIF-1α-dependent mechanism.
Conclusions:
Our study reveals that POSTN expression is increased in human and animal models of PH and fosters PH development via a positive feedback loop between HIF-1α and POSTN during hypoxia. We propose that manipulating POSTIN expression may be an efficacious therapeutic target in the treatment of PH. Our results also suggest that POSTN may serve as a biomarker to estimate the severity of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Nie
- Institute of Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital (X.N.), Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Chenyou Shen
- Center of Clinical Research, Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China (X.N., C.S., J.T., W.W., Y.D., X.Y.)
- Lung Transplant Group, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China (X.N., C.S., J.T., W.W., Y.C., Y.D., X.Y., S.Y., J.C.)
| | - Jianxin Tan
- Center of Clinical Research, Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China (X.N., C.S., J.T., W.W., Y.D., X.Y.)
- Lung Transplant Group, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China (X.N., C.S., J.T., W.W., Y.C., Y.D., X.Y., S.Y., J.C.)
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (Z.W., J.-S.B.)
| | - Wei Wang
- Center of Clinical Research, Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China (X.N., C.S., J.T., W.W., Y.D., X.Y.)
- Lung Transplant Group, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China (X.N., C.S., J.T., W.W., Y.C., Y.D., X.Y., S.Y., J.C.)
| | - Yuan Chen
- Lung Transplant Group, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China (X.N., C.S., J.T., W.W., Y.C., Y.D., X.Y., S.Y., J.C.)
| | - Youai Dai
- Center of Clinical Research, Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China (X.N., C.S., J.T., W.W., Y.D., X.Y.)
- Lung Transplant Group, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China (X.N., C.S., J.T., W.W., Y.C., Y.D., X.Y., S.Y., J.C.)
| | - Xusheng Yang
- Center of Clinical Research, Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China (X.N., C.S., J.T., W.W., Y.D., X.Y.)
- Lung Transplant Group, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China (X.N., C.S., J.T., W.W., Y.C., Y.D., X.Y., S.Y., J.C.)
| | - Shugao Ye
- Lung Transplant Group, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China (X.N., C.S., J.T., W.W., Y.C., Y.D., X.Y., S.Y., J.C.)
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Lung Transplant Group, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China (X.N., C.S., J.T., W.W., Y.C., Y.D., X.Y., S.Y., J.C.)
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine (J.-S.B.), Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Province, PR China
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (Z.W., J.-S.B.)
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An Z, Zhao Z, Zhao L, Yue Q, Li K, Zhao B, Miao J, Su L. The novel HOCl fluorescent probe CAN induced A549 apoptosis by inhibiting chlorination activity of MPO. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127394. [PMID: 32717611 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is an important signaling molecule for cell survival. However, it has been reported that excessive HOCl contributes to a variety of diseases such as cancers. And in cancer cells, the level of HOCl is much higher than that in normal cells. Here a coumarin-based fluorescent probe 7-Diethylamino-3-(2,3-dihydro-1H-perimidin-2-yl)-chromen-2-one (CAN) was successfully developed for HOCl detection. The probe could be oxidized by HOCl to induce significant change in its fluorescence profile, which made it feasible for ratiometric detecting HOCl. CAN (below 1 µM) did not affect cell viability and had good capacity in ratiometric detection of HOCl in RAW 264.7 cells. CAN induced A549 apoptosis and inhibited tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. And CAN could decrease the chlorination activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in A549. These findings suggested that CAN (below 1 µM) would develop into a HOCl probe. High activity of MPO and level of HOCl might be helpful for A549 survival. A549 could be induced apoptosis by reducing the HOCl level by CAN. It implies a new anticancer strategy by targeting HOCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiyong An
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Zhimin Zhao
- Institute of Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Qiulin Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Kunlun Li
- Jinan Hangchen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan 250353, China
| | - Baoxiang Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Junying Miao
- Institute of Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Le Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
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McNair AJ, Wilson KS, Martin PE, Welsh DJ, Dempsie Y. Connexin 43 plays a role in proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial fibroblasts in response to hypoxia. Pulm Circ 2020; 10:2045894020937134. [PMID: 32670564 PMCID: PMC7338651 DOI: 10.1177/2045894020937134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a disease associated with vasoconstriction and remodelling of the pulmonary vasculature. Pulmonary artery fibroblasts (PAFs) play an important role in hypoxic-induced remodelling. Connexin 43 (Cx43) is involved in cellular communication and regulation of the pulmonary vasculature. Using both in vitro and in vivo models of PH, the aims of this study were to (i) investigate the role of Cx43 in hypoxic-induced proliferation and migration of rat PAFs (rPAFs) and rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (rPASMCs) and (ii) determine whether Cx43 expression is dysregulated in the rat sugen5416/hypoxic model of PH. The role of Cx43 in hypoxic-induced proliferation and migration was investigated using Gap27 (a pharmacological inhibitor of Cx43) or genetic knockdown of Cx43 using siRNA. Cx43 protein expression was increased by hypoxia in rPAFs but not rPASMCs. Hypoxic exposure, in the presence of serum, resulted in an increase in proliferation of rPAFs but not rPASMCs. Hypoxic exposure caused migration of rPAFs but not rPASMCs. Phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and ERK1/2 were increased by hypoxia in rPAFs. The effects of hypoxia on proliferation, migration and MAPK phosphorylation in rPAFs were attenuated in the presence of Gap27 or Cx43 siRNA. Cx43 protein expression was increased in sugen5416/hypoxic rat lung; this increased expression was not observed in sugen5416/hypoxic rats treated with the MAPK pathway inhibitor GS-444217. In conclusion, Cx43 is involved in the proliferation and migration of rPAFs in response to hypoxia via the MAPK signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J McNair
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Science, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kathryn S Wilson
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Science, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Patricia E Martin
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Science, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - David J Welsh
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Science, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.,Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Yvonne Dempsie
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Science, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
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Li C, Zhang Z, Xu Q, Wu T, Shi R. Potential mechanisms and serum biomarkers involved in sex differences in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19612. [PMID: 32221085 PMCID: PMC7220321 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease associated with high mortality, but notable sex differences have been observed between males and females. For this reason, further research on the mechanisms underlying sex differences in PAH is required to better understand and treat the disease. This study mainly focused on gene expression levels to investigate potential differences in the pathogenesis and progression of PAH between the male and female sexes.Sex-specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed using the Gene Expression Omnibus datasets GSE117261 and GSE38267. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were conducted, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established based on the identified DEGs to predict potential mechanisms involved in the observed sex differences in the pathogenesis of PAH.We identified 26 female- and 53 male-specific DEGs from lung tissue and 498 female-specific DEGs in blood samples. No male-specific DEGs were identified from blood samples. GO and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that female-specific DEGs in lung tissue were enriched in inflammatory response and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, whereas male-specific DEGs were mainly enriched in cellular chemotaxis and the nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cell (NF-kappa B) signaling pathway. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) was the only gene that was differentially expressed in both the lung tissue and the blood of female patients.In conclusion, inflammation and immunity may play key roles in the pathogenesis of female PAH, and LCN2 may act as a serum biomarker of female PAH, whereas the pathogenesis in males is more complicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
| | | | - Qian Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
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Zahid KR, Raza U, Chen J, Raj UJ, Gou D. Pathobiology of pulmonary artery hypertension: role of long non-coding RNAs. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:1937-1947. [PMID: 32109276 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease with complex pathobiology, significant morbidity and mortality, and remains without a cure. It is characterized by vascular remodelling associated with uncontrolled proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, endothelial cell proliferation and dysfunction, and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, leading to narrowing of the vascular lumen, increased vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure, which inevitably results in right heart failure and death. There are multiple molecules and signalling pathways that are involved in the vascular remodelling, including non-coding RNAs, i.e. microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). It is only in recent years that the role of lncRNAs in the pathobiology of pulmonary vascular remodelling and right ventricular dysfunction is being vigorously investigated. In this review, we have summarized the current state of knowledge about the role of lncRNAs as key drivers and gatekeepers in regulating major cellular and molecular trafficking involved in the pathogenesis of PAH. In addition, we have discussed the limitations and challenges in translating lncRNA research in vivo and in therapeutic applications of lncRNAs in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Rafiq Zahid
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices, Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Umar Raza
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Khadim Abid Majeed Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Jidong Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Usha J Raj
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deming Gou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
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Coordination between NADPH oxidase and vascular peroxidase 1 promotes dysfunctions of endothelial progenitor cells in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertensive rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 857:172459. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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37
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Zhang CF, Zhao FY, Xu SL, Liu J, Xing XQ, Yang J. Autophagy in pulmonary hypertension: Emerging roles and therapeutic implications. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16755-16767. [PMID: 30932199 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an important mechanism for cellular self-digestion and basal homeostasis. This gene- and modulator-regulated pathway is conserved in cells. Recently, several studies have shown that autophagic dysfunction is associated with pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, the relationship between autophagy and PH remains controversial. In this review, we mainly introduce the effects of autophagy-related genes and some regulatory molecules on PH and the relationship between autophagy and PH under the conditions of hypoxia, monocrotaline injection, thromboembolic stress, oxidative stress, and other drugs and toxins. The effects of other autophagy-related drugs, such as chloroquine, 3-methyladenine, rapamycin, and other potential therapeutic drugs and targets, in PH are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Fang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Fang-Yun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Yan'An Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuang-Lan Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xi-Qian Xing
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Kosanovic D, Platzek SM, Petrovic A, Sydykov A, Maripov A, Mamazhakypov A, Sartmyrzaeva M, Muratali Uulu K, Cholponbaeva M, Toktosunova A, Omurzakova N, Duishobaev M, Vroom C, Pak O, Weissmann N, Ghofrani HA, Sarybaev A, Schermuly RT. Circulating Apoptotic Signals During Acute and Chronic Exposure to High Altitude in Kyrgyz Population. Front Physiol 2019; 10:54. [PMID: 30804801 PMCID: PMC6370645 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Circulating apoptotic signals (CASs) have been described in the pathologies associated with dysregulated apoptosis, such as cancer, heart diseases, and pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, nothing is known about the expression profiles of these markers in the circulation of humans exposed to acute and chronic effects of high altitude (HA). Methods: Gene expression levels of different apoptotic signals (ASs) were analyzed in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) upon hypoxia incubation. In addition, we measured the plasma values of relevant CAS in Kyrgyz volunteers during acute and chronic exposure to HA. Finally, we analyzed the effects of pro-apoptotic mediator Fas ligand (FasL) on apoptosis and proliferation of human PASMCs. Results: Several cellular AS were increased in PASMCs exposed to hypoxia, in comparison to normoxia condition. Among analyzed CAS, there was a prominent reduction of FasL in lowlanders exposed to HA environment. Furthermore, decreased circulatory levels of FasL were found in highlanders with HA-induced PH (HAPH), as compared to the lowland controls. Furthermore, FasL concentration in plasma negatively correlated with tricuspid regurgitant gradient values. Finally, FasL exerted pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects on PASMCs. Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that circulating levels of FasL are reduced during acute and chronic exposure to HA environment. In addition, dysregulated FasL may play a role in the context of HAPH due to its relevant functions on apoptosis and proliferation of PASMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djuro Kosanovic
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Simon Maximilian Platzek
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Aleksandar Petrovic
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Akylbek Sydykov
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Abdirashit Maripov
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Argen Mamazhakypov
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Meerim Sartmyrzaeva
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Kubatbek Muratali Uulu
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Meerim Cholponbaeva
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Aidana Toktosunova
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Nazgul Omurzakova
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Melis Duishobaev
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Christina Vroom
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Oleg Pak
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hossein Ardeschir Ghofrani
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Akpay Sarybaev
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Ralph Theo Schermuly
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
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Peng H, Zhang K, Liu Z, Xu Q, You B, Li C, Cao J, Zhou H, Li X, Chen J, Cheng G, Shi R, Zhang G. VPO1 Modulates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Switch by Activating Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:e010069. [PMID: 30371171 PMCID: PMC6201418 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a critical molecular signal in the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm ( AAA ) formation. Vascular peroxidase 1 ( VPO 1) catalyzes the production of hypochlorous acid ( HOC l) from H2O2 and significantly enhances oxidative stress. The switch from a contractile phenotype to a synthetic one in vascular smooth muscle cells ( VSMC s) is driven by reactive oxygen species and is recognized as an early and important event in AAA formation. This study aims to determine if VPO 1 plays a critical role in the development of AAA by regulating VSMC phenotypic switch. Methods and Results VPO 1 is upregulated in human and elastase-induced mouse aneurysmal tissues compared with healthy control tissues. Additionally, KLF 4, a nuclear transcriptional factor, is upregulated in aneurysmatic tissues along with a concomitant downregulation of differentiated smooth muscle cell markers and an increase of synthetic phenotypic markers, indicating VSMC phenotypic switch in these diseased tissues. In cultured VSMC s from rat abdominal aorta, H2O2 treatment significantly increases VPO 1 expression and HOC l levels as well as VSMC phenotypic switch. In support of these findings, depletion of VPO 1 significantly attenuates the effects of H2O2 and HOC l treatment. Furthermore, HOC l treatment promotes VSMC phenotypic switch and ERK 1/2 phosphorylation. Pretreatment with U0126 (a specific inhibitor of ERK 1/2) significantly attenuates HOC l-induced VSMC phenotypic switch. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that VPO 1 modulates VSMC phenotypic switch through the H2O2/ VPO 1/ HOC l/ ERK 1/2 signaling pathway and plays a key role in the development of AAA . Our findings also implicate VPO 1 as a novel signaling node that mediates VSMC phenotypic switch and plays a key role in the development of AAA . Clinical Trial Registration URL : www.chictr.org.cn . Unique identifier: Chi CTR 1800016922.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Animals
- Aorta, Abdominal/cytology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/physiopathology
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Hemeproteins/drug effects
- Hemeproteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology
- Hypochlorous Acid/pharmacology
- Kruppel-Like Factor 4
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism
- MAP Kinase Signaling System
- Male
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/metabolism
- Mice
- Middle Aged
- Muscle Contraction
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Oxidants/pharmacology
- Peroxidases/drug effects
- Peroxidases/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Reactive Oxygen Species
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Zhaoya Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Baiyang You
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Chan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Honghua Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of PharmacologySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Humanistic NursingXiangya Nursing SchoolCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Guangjie Cheng
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care MedicineDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamAL
| | - Ruizheng Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Guogang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
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Jing X, Jiang T, Dai L, Wang X, Jia L, Wang H, An L, Liu M, Zhang R, Cheng Z. Hypoxia-induced autophagy activation through NF-κB pathway regulates cell proliferation and migration to induce pulmonary vascular remodeling. Exp Cell Res 2018; 368:174-183. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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