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El-Qushayri AE, Hashan MR, Alam MM, Khan MS, Alqahtani NG. The Impact of HIV Upon the PCI Results: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Rev Med Virol 2024; 34:e2572. [PMID: 39075545 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to comprehensively evaluate the latest evidences and summarise the impact of HIV on PCI outcomes. A PRISMA guided literature search was conducted on 14 February 2024 in Web of Science, PubMed, Virtual Health Library, Google Scholar and Scopus. We searched with the term '("percutaneous coronary intervention" OR "PCI") AND ("human immunodeficiency virus" OR "HIV" OR "acquired immunodeficiency syndrome" OR "AIDS")' after selecting the keywords from randomly chosen included papers. We included 8 papers of 781 screened records. HIV (+) patients had significant in-hospital, 1-year and overall (event at the last follow up point) all-cause mortality compared to HIV (-) group (OR: 1.73, 95%CI: 1.57-1.90, p < 0.01), (OR: 1.39, 95%CI: 1.07-1.81, p = 0.01) and (OR: 1.69, 95%CI: 1.55-1.85, p < 0.01), respectively. HIV (+) patients had significantly higher odds of developing MACE (OR: 1.35, 95%CI: 1.12-1.62, p = 0.001) compared to the HIV (-) group. No differences between both groups were detected regarding in-hospital and overall CV mortality, TVR, TLR, post-PCI TIMI grade 3 flow, cerebrovascular accidents and recurrent coronary events (p > 0.05). Our study revealed that people with HIV who underwent PCI in this modern era may have worse short and long-term PCI outcomes. This finding highlights the need for specialised cardiovascular care protocols for the HIV population. However, enhanced clinical management and preventative measures are imperative to improve PCI success rates in patients with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Rashidul Hashan
- School of Medical, Health and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia
- Central Queensland Public Health Unit, Central Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Rockhampton, Australia
- Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahfuj Alam
- Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Muhammad Sanowar Khan
- Emergency Department, Central Queensland Hospital and Health Services, Gladstone, Australia
| | - Nasser G Alqahtani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Section, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Haji M, Capilupi M, Kwok M, Ibrahim N, Bloomfield GS, Longenecker CT, Rodriguez-Barradas MC, Ashong CN, Jutkowitz E, Taveira TH, Richard M, Sullivan JL, Rudolph JL, Wu WC, Erqou S. Clinical Outcomes After Acute Coronary Syndromes or Revascularization Among People Living With HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2411159. [PMID: 38743421 PMCID: PMC11094563 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.11159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Clinical outcomes after acute coronary syndromes (ACS) or percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) in people living with HIV have not been characterized in sufficient detail, and extant data have not been synthesized adequately. Objective To better characterize clinical outcomes and postdischarge treatment of patients living with HIV after ACS or PCIs compared with patients in an HIV-negative control group. Data Sources Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for all available longitudinal studies of patients living with HIV after ACS or PCIs from inception until August 2023. Study Selection Included studies met the following criteria: patients living with HIV and HIV-negative comparator group included, patients presenting with ACS or undergoing PCI included, and longitudinal follow-up data collected after the initial event. Data Extraction and Synthesis Data extraction was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Clinical outcome data were pooled using a random-effects model meta-analysis. Main Outcome and Measures The following clinical outcomes were studied: all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events, cardiovascular death, recurrent ACS, stroke, new heart failure, total lesion revascularization, and total vessel revascularization. The maximally adjusted relative risk (RR) of clinical outcomes on follow-up comparing patients living with HIV with patients in control groups was taken as the main outcome measure. Results A total of 15 studies including 9499 patients living with HIV (pooled proportion [range], 76.4% [64.3%-100%] male; pooled mean [range] age, 56.2 [47.0-63.0] years) and 1 531 117 patients without HIV in a control group (pooled proportion [range], 61.7% [59.7%-100%] male; pooled mean [range] age, 67.7 [42.0-69.4] years) were included; both populations were predominantly male, but patients living with HIV were younger by approximately 11 years. Patients living with HIV were also significantly more likely to be current smokers (pooled proportion [range], 59.1% [24.0%-75.0%] smokers vs 42.8% [26.0%-64.1%] smokers) and engage in illicit drug use (pooled proportion [range], 31.2% [2.0%-33.7%] drug use vs 6.8% [0%-11.5%] drug use) and had higher triglyceride (pooled mean [range], 233 [167-268] vs 171 [148-220] mg/dL) and lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (pooled mean [range], 40 [26-43] vs 46 [29-46] mg/dL) levels. Populations with and without HIV were followed up for a pooled mean (range) of 16.2 (3.0-60.8) months and 11.9 (3.0-60.8) months, respectively. On postdischarge follow-up, patients living with HIV had lower prevalence of statin (pooled proportion [range], 53.3% [45.8%-96.1%] vs 59.9% [58.4%-99.0%]) and β-blocker (pooled proportion [range], 54.0% [51.3%-90.0%] vs 60.6% [59.6%-93.6%]) prescriptions compared with those in the control group, but these differences were not statistically significant. There was a significantly increased risk among patients living with HIV vs those without HIV for all-cause mortality (RR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.32-2.04), major adverse cardiovascular events (RR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.01-1.22), recurrent ACS (RR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.12-2.97), and admissions for new heart failure (RR, 3.39; 95% CI, 1.73-6.62). Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest the need for attention toward secondary prevention strategies to address poor outcomes of cardiovascular disease among patients living with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Haji
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Michael Capilupi
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Michael Kwok
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Nouran Ibrahim
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Gerald S. Bloomfield
- Department of Medicine, Duke Global Health Institute and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Maria C. Rodriguez-Barradas
- Infectious Disease Section, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Chester N. Ashong
- Pharmacy Service, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Eric Jutkowitz
- Center of Innovation, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
- Evidence Synthesis Program Center, Providence VA Health Care System, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Tracey H. Taveira
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Medicine, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Providence
| | - Michelle Richard
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Medicine, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jennifer L. Sullivan
- Center of Innovation, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Health Services, Policy and Practice, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - James L. Rudolph
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Center of Innovation, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
- Evidence Synthesis Program Center, Providence VA Health Care System, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Medicine, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Wen-Chih Wu
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Center of Innovation, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Medicine, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Sebhat Erqou
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Center of Innovation, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
- Evidence Synthesis Program Center, Providence VA Health Care System, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Medicine, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
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Jung H, Lee E, Ro JS, Lee JY, Bang J. Mortality After Acute Coronary Syndrome in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection with Optimal Adherence: A Nationwide Study. Infect Chemother 2023; 55:471-478. [PMID: 38014728 PMCID: PMC10771943 DOI: 10.3947/ic.2023.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been few studies on the outcome of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the era when antiretroviral therapy (ART) is generalized and most of them have achieved viral suppression. Using claims data, we aimed to assess the mortality after atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in people with HIV (PWH) who maintain optimal adherence to ART. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used claims data from the National Health Insurance of the Korea to confirm newly diagnosed PWH from 2009 to 2019, and measured ART adherence. ACS and mortality were confirmed in PWH who showed optimal adherence to ART. RESULTS Among 7,100 PWH with optimal adherence and during 27,387 person-year of follow-up duration, ACS was confirmed in 140 (2.0%) cases, which was 1.3 times greater than statistics of the Korean general population (511.0 vs. 383.1 per 100,000). Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus were associated with the development of ACS in PWH with optimal adherence. Mortality was confirmed in 10 cases, which is 7.1% overall and 2.9% when limited to myocardial infarction. It was comparable with the mortality rate of the Korean general population after myocardial infarction (8.9%). CONCLUSION ACS prevalence was higher in PWH even when optimal adherence was maintained. However, mortality after ACS was comparable to that in the HIV-negative population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Jung
- Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunyoung Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun-Soo Ro
- Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Yong Lee
- Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Public Healthcare Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jihwan Bang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
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McLaughlin MM, Durstenfeld MS, Gandhi M, Greene M, Ma Y, Beatty AL, Hsue PY. Cardiovascular health among persons with HIV without existing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. AIDS 2023; 37:2179-2183. [PMID: 37498162 PMCID: PMC10615671 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to characterize atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk and metrics of cardiovascular health in persons with HIV (PWH) eligible for primary prevention of ASCVD. DESIGN A cross-sectional study of PWH 40 years and older without documented ASCVD who received care at three HIV clinics in San Francisco from 2019 to 2022. METHODS We used ICD-10 codes and electronic health record data to assess ASCVD risk and cardiovascular health, as defined by the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 (LE8) metrics for nicotine exposure, BMI, lipids, glucose, and blood pressure (BP). RESULTS Among 2567 PWH eligible for primary prevention of ASCVD, the median age was 55 years, 14% were women, and 95% were on antiretroviral therapy. Seventy-seven percent had undergone complete assessment of ASCVD risk factors, and 50% of these patients had intermediate-high ASCVD risk (≥7.5%). Of those with hypertension, 39% were prescribed an antihypertensive. Among those eligible, 43% were prescribed a statin. The mean LE8 cardiovascular health score [0--100 (best health)] was 55.1 for nicotine exposure, 71.3 for BMI, 70.4 for lipids, 81.2 for blood glucose, 56.0 for BP, with an average score of 66.2 across the five metrics. Patients with Medicare insurance, black patients, and those with sleep apnea and chronic kidney disease had on average lower cardiovascular health scores; patients with undetectable viral loads had higher cardiovascular health scores. CONCLUSION We highlight opportunities for improving primary prevention of ASCVD among PWH, especially in the areas of guideline-based therapy, nicotine exposure, and BP control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M McLaughlin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco
| | - Matthew S Durstenfeld
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital
| | - Monica Gandhi
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine
| | | | - Yifei Ma
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital
| | - Alexis L Beatty
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Priscilla Y Hsue
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital
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Parikh RV, Hebbe A, Barón AE, Grunwald GK, Plomondon ME, Gordin J, Yeh RW, Jneid H, Swaminathan RV, Waldo SW, Monto A, Secemsky E, Hsue PY. Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes Among People Living With HIV Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Insights From the Veterans Affairs Clinical Assessment, Reporting, and Tracking Program. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e028082. [PMID: 36789851 PMCID: PMC10111473 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.028082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Clinical characteristics and outcomes in people living with HIV (PLWH) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remain poorly described. We sought to compare real-world treatment of coronary artery disease, as well as patient and procedural factors and outcomes after PCI between PLWH and uninfected controls. Methods and Results We utilized procedural registry data from the Veterans Affairs Clinical Assessment, Reporting, and Tracking Program between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2019 to analyze patients with obstructive coronary artery disease on angiography. In the PCI subgroup, we used inverse probability of treatment weighting and applied Cox proportional hazards to evaluate the association of HIV serostatus with outcomes, including all-cause mortality at 5 years. Among 184 310 patients with obstructive coronary artery disease, treatment strategy was similar between PLWH and controls-35.7% versus 34.2% PCI, 13.6% versus 15% coronary artery bypass grafting, and 50.7% versus 50.8% medical therapy. The PCI cohort consisted of 546 (0.9%) PLWH and 56 811 (99.1%) controls. PLWH undergoing PCI had well-controlled HIV disease, and compared with controls, were younger, more likely to be Black, had fewer traditional risk factors, more acute coronary syndrome, less extensive coronary artery disease, and similar types of stents and P2Y12 therapy. However, PLWH experienced worse survival as early as 6 months post-PCI, which persisted over time and amounted to a 21% increased mortality risk by 5 years (hazard ratio, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.03-1.42; P=0.02]). Conclusions Despite well-controlled HIV disease, a more favorable overall cardiovascular risk profile, and similar PCI procedural metrics, PLWH still have significantly worse long-term survival following PCI than controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rushi V. Parikh
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Annika Hebbe
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical CenterAuroraCOUSA
- CART Program, Office of Quality and Patient SafetyVeterans Health AdministrationWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Anna E. Barón
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical CenterAuroraCOUSA
- Department of Biostatistics and InformaticsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraCOUSA
| | - Gary K. Grunwald
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical CenterAuroraCOUSA
- Department of Biostatistics and InformaticsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraCOUSA
| | - Mary E. Plomondon
- CART Program, Office of Quality and Patient SafetyVeterans Health AdministrationWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Jonathan Gordin
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Robert W. Yeh
- Smith Center for Outcomes Research in Cardiology, Division of CardiologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMAUSA
| | - Hani Jneid
- Division of CardiologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Rajesh V. Swaminathan
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA
- Duke Clinical Research InstituteDurhamNCUSA
- Durham VA Healthcare SystemDurhamNCUSA
| | - Stephen W. Waldo
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical CenterAuroraCOUSA
- CART Program, Office of Quality and Patient SafetyVeterans Health AdministrationWashingtonDCUSA
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCOUSA
| | - Alexander Monto
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical CenterSan FranciscoCA
| | - Eric Secemsky
- Smith Center for Outcomes Research in Cardiology, Division of CardiologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMAUSA
| | - Priscilla Y. Hsue
- Division of Cardiology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General HospitalUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
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Plasma CD16 + Extracellular Vesicles Associate with Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in HIV + Adults on Combination Antiretroviral Therapy. mBio 2022; 13:e0300521. [PMID: 35435733 PMCID: PMC9239192 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03005-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-infected individuals have increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). This is likely a result of persistent immune activation and systemic inflammation. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as critical mediators of intercellular communication and may drive inflammation contributing to CVD. EVs were characterized in plasma from 74 HIV-infected individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and 64 HIV-uninfected controls with paired carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) assessment. EVs were profiled with markers reflecting lymphoid, myeloid, and endothelial origin. Seventeen plasma inflammatory biomarkers were also assessed. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) apoptosis was quantified after EV exposure. A significant correlation was observed in HIV-infected participants between cIMT and EVs expressing CD16, and the monocyte-related markers CD4, CD14, and CX3CR1 showed a similar but nonsignificant association with cIMT. No significant correlation between cIMT measurements from HIV-uninfected individuals and EVs was observed. Levels of serum amyloid A, C-reactive protein, and myeloperoxidase significantly correlated with CD14+, CD16+, and CX3CR1+ EVs. No correlation was noted between cIMT and soluble inflammatory markers. HUVECs showed increased necrosis after exposure to the EV-containing fraction of plasma derived from HIV-infected individuals compared to uninfected controls. Our study reveals that EVs expressing monocyte markers correlated with cIMT in HIV-infected individuals on cART. Moreover, EV fractions derived from HIV-infected individuals lead to greater endothelial cell death via necrotic pathways. Collectively, EVs have potential as biomarkers of and therapeutic targets in the pathogenesis of CVD in the setting of treated HIV disease. IMPORTANCE HIV-infected individuals have a 2-fold-increased risk of cardiovascular disease compared with the general population, yet the mechanisms underlying this comorbidity are unclear. Extracellular vesicles have emerged as important mediators in cell-cell communication and, given what we know of their biology, may drive inflammation contributing to cardiovascular disease in this vulnerable population.
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Lambert J, Sandhu H, Kean E, Xavier T, Brokman A, Steckler Z, Park L, Stromberg A. A strategy to identify event specific hospitalizations in large health claims databases. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:705. [PMID: 35619126 PMCID: PMC9133593 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health insurance claims data offer a unique opportunity to study disease distribution on a large scale. Challenges arise in the process of accurately analyzing these raw data. One important challenge to overcome is the accurate classification of study outcomes. For example, using claims data, there is no clear way of classifying hospitalizations due to a specific event. This is because of the inherent disjointedness and lack of context that typically come with raw claims data. METHODS In this paper, we propose a framework for classifying hospitalizations due to a specific event. We then tested this framework in a private health insurance claims database (Symphony) with approximately 4 million US adults who tested positive with COVID-19 between March and December 2020. Our claims specific COVID-19 related hospitalizations proportion is then compared to nationally reported rates from the Centers for Disease Control by age. RESULTS Across all ages (18 +) the total percentage of Symphony patients who met our definition of hospitalized due to COVID-19 was 7.3% which was similar to the CDC's estimate of 7.5%. By age group, defined by the CDC, our estimates vs. the CDC's estimates were 18-49: 2.7% vs. 3%, 50-64: 8.2% vs. 9.2%, and 65 + : 14.6% vs. 28.1%. CONCLUSIONS The proposed methodology is a rigorous way to define event specific hospitalizations in claims data. This methodology can be extended to many different types of events and used on a variety of different types of claims databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Lambert
- College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Procter Hall, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, USA.
| | - Harpal Sandhu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Eastern Pkwy, Louisville, USA
| | - Emily Kean
- College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Procter Hall, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, USA
| | - Teenu Xavier
- College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Procter Hall, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, USA
| | - Aviv Brokman
- Dr. Bing Zhang Department of Statistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Zachary Steckler
- Dr. Bing Zhang Department of Statistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Lee Park
- Dr. Bing Zhang Department of Statistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Arnold Stromberg
- Dr. Bing Zhang Department of Statistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
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Peluso MJ, Hellmuth J, Chow FC. Central Nervous System Effects of COVID-19 in People with HIV Infection. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2021; 18:538-548. [PMID: 34843065 PMCID: PMC8628487 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-021-00582-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The convergence of the HIV and SARS-CoV-2 pandemics is an emerging field of interest. In this review, we outline the central nervous system (CNS) effects of COVID-19 in the general population and how these effects may manifest in people with HIV (PWH). We discuss the hypothetical mechanisms through which SARS-CoV-2 could impact the CNS during both the acute and recovery phases of infection and the potential selective vulnerability of PWH to these effects as a result of epidemiologic, clinical, and biologic factors. Finally, we define key research questions and considerations for the investigation of CNS sequelae of COVID-19 in PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Peluso
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joanna Hellmuth
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Felicia C Chow
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Departments of Neurology and Medicine (Infectious Diseases), University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Avenue, Building 1, Suite 101, CA, San Francisco, USA.
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