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Schaefers C, Schmeißer W, John H, Worek F, Rein T, Rothmiller S, Schmidt A. Effects of the nerve agent VX on hiPSC-derived motor neurons. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:1859-1875. [PMID: 38555327 PMCID: PMC11106096 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03708-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Poisoning with the organophosphorus nerve agent VX can be life-threatening due to limitations of the standard therapy with atropine and oximes. To date, the underlying pathomechanism of VX affecting the neuromuscular junction has not been fully elucidated structurally. Results of recent studies investigating the effects of VX were obtained from cells of animal origin or immortalized cell lines limiting their translation to humans. To overcome this limitation, motor neurons (MN) of this study were differentiated from in-house feeder- and integration-free-derived human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) by application of standardized and antibiotic-free differentiation media with the aim to mimic human embryogenesis as closely as possible. For testing VX sensitivity, MN were initially exposed once to 400 µM, 600 µM, 800 µM, or 1000 µM VX and cultured for 5 days followed by analysis of changes in viability and neurite outgrowth as well as at the gene and protein level using µLC-ESI MS/HR MS, XTT, IncuCyte, qRT-PCR, and Western Blot. For the first time, VX was shown to trigger neuronal cell death and decline in neurite outgrowth in hiPSC-derived MN in a time- and concentration-dependent manner involving the activation of the intrinsic as well as the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. Consistent with this, MN morphology and neurite network were altered time and concentration-dependently. Thus, MN represent a valuable tool for further investigation of the pathomechanism after VX exposure. These findings might set the course for the development of a promising human neuromuscular test model and patient-specific therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Schaefers
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstr. 11, 80937, Munich, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Schmeißer
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstr. 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
| | - Harald John
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstr. 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Worek
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstr. 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
| | - Theo Rein
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Rothmiller
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstr. 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
| | - Annette Schmidt
- Institute of Sport Science, University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, 85577, Neubiberg, Germany
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2
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Xu L, Li L, Wu L, Li P, Chen FJ. CIDE proteins and their regulatory mechanisms in lipid droplet fusion and growth. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1154-1169. [PMID: 38355218 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector (CIDE) proteins, including Cidea, Cideb, and Cidec/Fsp27, regulate various aspects of lipid homeostasis, including lipid storage, lipolysis, and lipid secretion. This review focuses on the physiological roles of CIDE proteins based on studies on knockout mouse models and human patients bearing CIDE mutations. The primary cellular function of CIDE proteins is to localize to lipid droplets (LDs) and to control LD fusion and growth across different cell types. We propose a four-step process of LD fusion, characterized by (a) the recruitment of CIDE proteins to the LD surface and CIDE movement, (b) the enrichment and condensate formation of CIDE proteins to form LD fusion plates at LD-LD contact sites, (c) lipid transfer through lipid-permeable passageways within the fusion plates, and (d) the completion of LD fusion. Lastly, we outline CIDE-interacting proteins as regulatory factors, as well as their contribution in LD fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lizhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingzhi Wu
- College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Feng-Jung Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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3
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Hou B, Qin L, Huang L. Liver cancer cells as the model for developing liver-targeted RNAi therapeutics. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 644:85-94. [PMID: 36640667 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
RNAi is a sequence-specific gene regulation mechanism that involves small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). RNAi therapeutic has become a new class of precision medicine and has shown great potential in treating liver-associated diseases, especially metabolic diseases. To facilitate the development of liver-targeted RNAi therapeutics in cell model, we surveyed a panel of liver cancer cell lines for the expression of genes implicated in RNAi therapeutics including the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGR) and metabolic disease associated genes PCSK9, ANGPTL3, CIDEB, and LDLR. A high-content screen assay based on lipid droplet staining confirmed the involvement of PCSK9, ANGPTL3, and CIDEB in lipid metabolism in selected liver cancer cell lines. Several liver cancer cell lines have high levels of ASGR1 expression, which is required for liver-specific uptake of GalNAc-conjugated siRNA, a clinically approved siRNA delivery platform. Using an EGFP reporter system, we demonstrated Hep G2 can be used to evaluate gene knockdown efficiency of GalNAc-siRNA. Our findings pave the way for using liver cancer cells as a convenient model system for the identification and testing of siRNA drug candidate genes and for studying ASGR-mediated GalNAc-siRNA delivery in liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Hou
- Wang-Cai Biochemistry Lab, Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linhui Qin
- Wang-Cai Biochemistry Lab, Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linfeng Huang
- Wang-Cai Biochemistry Lab, Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China; Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China.
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4
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Liu J, Zhang L, Xu F, Meng S, Li H, Song Y. Polystyrene Microplastics Postpone APAP-Induced Liver Injury through Impeding Macrophage Polarization. TOXICS 2022; 10:792. [PMID: 36548625 PMCID: PMC9781384 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10120792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polystyrene microplastics (PS MPs) are micrometer-scale items degraded from plastics and have been detected in various organisms. PS MPs have been identified as causing cognitive, cardiac, intestinal, and hepatic damage. However, their role in liver regeneration under drug-induced liver injury remains unknown. Thus, the current study aims to evaluate the impact of PS MPs on liver repair during APAP hepatotoxicity. PS MPs pretreatment exacerbates mice mortality and hepatocyte apoptosis, suppresses hepatic cell proliferation, and disturbs the inflammatory response in the APAP-induced damage model. Further mechanism exploration uncovers that prior PS MPs administration is sufficient to recruit neutrophils and macrophages, which are necessary for tissue recovery in the acute liver injury model. However, the polarization capacity of macrophages to anti-inflammatory sub-type is significantly delayed in PS MPs plus APAP group compared to the single APAP group, which is the leading cause of tissue repair suppression. Overall, the current study supports a new insight to realize the toxicity of PS MPs in acute liver injury, which should be considered in health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
- The Institute of Karst Wetland Ecology, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Lecong Zhang
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Fang Xu
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Songyan Meng
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Haitian Li
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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5
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Exopolyphosphatases PPX1 and PPX2 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis regulate dormancy response and pathogenesis. Microb Pathog 2022; 173:105885. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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6
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Zong Y, Chen Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Yu Z, Ou Z, Chen J, Zhang H, Liu C. Induction of cardiotoxicity in zebrafish embryos by 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene through the JAK-STAT and NOTCH signaling pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 368:110226. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Cheng J, Xu D, Chen L, Guo W, Hu G, Liu J, Fu S. CIDEA Regulates De Novo Fatty Acid Synthesis in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells by Targeting the AMPK/PPARγ Axis and Regulating SREBP1. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:11324-11335. [PMID: 36040348 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cell-death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor-α-like effector A (CIDEA) is a lipid-droplet-associated protein that helps to promote lipid metabolism in adipocytes of mice and humans. However, studies on the regulatory mechanism of CIDEA on lipid metabolism in the mammary glands of dairy cows are rare. Therefore, the role of CIDEA in bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) was investigated in this study. The CIDEA expression levels in the mammary glands of high-fat-milk-producing cows were significantly higher compared to those in low-fat-milk-producing cows. Results of in vitro studies in bMECs showed that the inhibition of CIDEA inhibited the expression of fatty acid synthesis-related genes and triglyceride (TAG) synthesis-related genes. Conversely, the overexpression of CIDEA leads to an increase in the content of TAG and fatty acid. The results of mechanistic studies indicated that the overexpression of CIDEA inhibits AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, which enhances the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and consequently increases the TAG content. Furthermore, the overexpression of CIDEA promoted the nuclear translocation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1). Therefore, a theoretical framework is provided by this study for the regulation of lipid metabolism in dairy cows by means of nutrition and the hormone targeting of CIDEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130062, China
| | - Dianwen Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130062, China
| | - Lisha Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130062, China
| | - Wenjin Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130062, China
| | - Guiqiu Hu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130062, China
| | - Juxiong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130062, China
| | - Shoupeng Fu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130062, China
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8
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Wang T, Jin MJ, Li LK. The GTP-Bound form of Rab3D Promotes Lipid Droplet Growth in Adipocyte. Mol Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893322040148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Kulbay M, Johnson B, Ricaud G, Séguin-Grignon MN, Bernier J. Energetic metabolic reprogramming in Jurkat DFF40-deficient cancer cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:2213-2233. [PMID: 35460011 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04433-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
DNA fragmentation factor 40 (DFF40), or the caspase-activated DNase (CAD), is an endonuclease specific for double-stranded DNA. Alterations in its function and expression have been linked to apoptosis resistance, a mechanism likely used by cancer cells. However, how the DFF40-related apoptosis resistance pathway occurs remains unclear. Here, we sought to determine if DFF40 expression could be linked to cell metabolism through the regulation of mitochondrial integrity and function. We demonstrated that DFF40-deficient cells are more resistant to staurosporine and tributyltin (TBT)-induced apoptosis, and express higher levels of Mcl-1 at basal state. Treatment with TBT induces higher Bcl-2 and caspase-9 mRNA transcripts in DFF40 KO Jurkat cells, as well as enhanced Bcl-2 phosphorylation. A loss of DFF40 expression induces a higher mitochondrial mass, mtDNA copy number, mitochondrial membrane potential, and glycolysis rates in resting T cells. DFF40-deficient cells exhibit the Warburg effect phenotype, where they rely significantly more on glycolysis than oxidative phosphorylation and have a higher proliferative state, demonstrated by a higher Ki-67 transcription factor expression and AKT phosphorylation. Finally, we demonstrated with cell fractioning that DFF40 can translocate to the mitochondria following apoptosis induction. Our study reveals that DFF40 may act as a regulator of mitochondria during cell death and its loss could compromise mitochondrial integrity and cause an energetic reprogramming in pathologies such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Kulbay
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Blvd. Edouard Montpetit, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Bruno Johnson
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Guillaume Ricaud
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | | | - Jacques Bernier
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada.
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10
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Hypermethylation-Mediated Silencing of CIDEA, MAL and PCDH17 Tumour Suppressor Genes in Canine DLBCL: From Multi-Omics Analyses to Mechanistic Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23074021. [PMID: 35409379 PMCID: PMC9000013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression is controlled by epigenetic deregulation, a hallmark of cancer. The DNA methylome of canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (cDLBCL), the most frequent malignancy of B-lymphocytes in dog, has recently been investigated, suggesting that aberrant hypermethylation of CpG loci is associated with gene silencing. Here, we used a multi-omics approach (DNA methylome, transcriptome and copy number variations) combined with functional in vitro assays, to identify putative tumour suppressor genes subjected to DNA methylation in cDLBCL. Using four cDLBCL primary cell cultures and CLBL-1 cells, we found that CiDEA, MAL and PCDH17, which were significantly suppressed in DLBCL samples, were hypermethylated and also responsive (at the DNA, mRNA and protein level) to pharmacological unmasking with hypomethylating drugs and histone deacetylase inhibitors. The regulatory mechanism underneath the methylation-dependent inhibition of those target genes expression was then investigated through luciferase and in vitro methylation assays. In the most responsive CpG-rich regions, an in silico analysis allowed the prediction of putative transcription factor binding sites influenced by DNA methylation. Interestingly, regulatory elements for AP2, MZF1, NF-kB, PAX5 and SP1 were commonly identified in all three genes. This study provides a foundation for characterisation and experimental validation of novel epigenetically-dysregulated pathways in cDLBCL.
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Ha HJ, Park HH. Molecular basis of apoptotic DNA fragmentation by DFF40. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:198. [PMID: 35236824 PMCID: PMC8891305 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04662-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAlthough the functions of CIDE domain-containing proteins, including DFF40, DFF45, CIDE-A, CIDE-B, and FSP27, in apoptotic DNA fragmentation and lipid homeostasis have been studied extensively in mammals, the functions of four CIDE domain-containing proteins identified in the fly, namely DREP1, 2, 3, and 4, have not been explored much. Recent structural study of DREP4, a fly orthologue of mammalian DFF40 (an endonuclease involved in apoptotic DNA fragmentation), showed that the CIDE domain of DREP4 (and DFF40) forms filament-like assembly, which is critical for the corresponding function. The current study aimed to investigate the mechanism of filament formation of DREP4 CIDE and to characterize the same. DREP4 CIDE was shown to specifically bind to histones H1 and H2, an event important for the nuclease activity of DREP4. Based on the current experimental results, we proposed the mechanism underlying the process of apoptotic DNA fragmentation.
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12
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Huang W, Gao F, Zhang Y, Chen T, Xu C. Lipid Droplet-Associated Proteins in Cardiomyopathy. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2021; 78:1-13. [PMID: 34856540 DOI: 10.1159/000520122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heart requires a high rate of fatty-acid oxidation (FAO) to meet its energy needs. Neutral lipids are the main source of energy for the heart and are stored in lipid droplets (LDs), which are cytosolic organelles that primarily serve to store neutral lipids and regulate cellular lipid metabolism. LD-associated proteins (LDAPs) are proteins either located on the surface of the LDs or reside in the cytosol and contribute to lipid metabolism. Therefore, abnormal cardiac lipid accumulation or FAO can alter the redox state of the heart, resulting in cardiomyopathy, a group of diseases that negatively affect the myocardial function, thereby leading to heart failure and even cardiac death. SUMMARY LDs, along with LDAPs, are pivotal for modulating heart lipid homeostasis. The proper cardiac development and the maintenance of its normal function depend largely on lipid homeostasis regulated by LDs and LDAPs. Overexpression or deletion of specific LDAPs can trigger myocardial dysfunction and may contribute to the development of cardiomyopathy. Extensive connections and interactions may also exist between LDAPs. Key Message: In this review, the various mechanisms involved in LDAP-mediated regulation of lipid metabolism, the association between cardiac development and lipid metabolism, as well as the role of LDAPs in cardiomyopathy progression are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Huang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianhui Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Lee SY, Kwon S, Ha HJ, Lee SH, Park HH. Helical filament structure of the DREP3 CIDE domain reveals a unified mechanism of CIDE-domain assembly. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2021; 77:1543-1553. [PMID: 34866610 PMCID: PMC8647176 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798321010767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell-death-inducing DFF45-like effector (CIDE) domain is a protein-interaction module comprising ∼80 amino acids and was initially identified in several apoptotic nucleases and their regulators. CIDE-domain-containing proteins were subsequently identified among proteins involved in lipid metabolism. Given the involvement of CIDE-domain-containing proteins in cell death and lipid homeostasis, their structure and function have been intensively studied. Here, the head-to-tail helical filament structure of the CIDE domain of DNA fragmentation factor-related protein 3 (DREP3) is presented. The helical filament structure was formed by opposing positively and negatively charged interfaces of the domain and was assembled depending on protein and salt concentrations. Although conserved filament structures are observed in CIDE family members, the structure elucidated in this study and its comparison with previous structures indicated that the size and the number of molecules used in one turn vary. These findings suggest that this charged-surface-based head-to-tail helical filament structure represents a unified mechanism of CIDE-domain assembly and provides insight into the function of various forms of the filament structure of the CIDE domain in higher-order assembly for apoptotic DNA fragmentation and control of lipid-droplet size.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghark Kwon
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungbuk 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Ha
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ho Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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14
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Tarabra E, Nouws J, Vash-Margita A, Hellerstein M, Shabanova V, McCollum S, Pierpont† B, Zhao D, Shulman GI, Caprio S. CIDEA expression in SAT from adolescent girls with obesity and unfavorable patterns of abdominal fat distribution. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:2068-2080. [PMID: 34672413 PMCID: PMC8612981 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated whether variations in cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor alpha subunit-like effector A (CIDEA) mRNA expression and protein levels are modulated by the pattern of abdominal fat distribution in adolescent girls with obesity. METHODS This study recruited 35 adolescent girls with obesity and characterized their abdominal fat distribution by magnetic resonance imaging. Participants had only a periumbilical/abdominal (n = 14) or a paired abdominal and gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) biopsy (n = 21). CIDEA expression was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, CIDEA protein level by Western blot, and the turnover of adipose lipids and adipocytes by 2 H2 O labeling. In six girls, a second abdominal SAT biopsy was performed (after ~34.2 months) to explore the weight gain effect on CIDEA expression in abdominal SAT. RESULTS CIDEA expression decreased in abdominal SAT from participants with high visceral adipose tissue (VAT)/(VAT+SAT); CIDEA inversely correlated with number of small adipocytes, with the increase in preadipocyte proliferation, and with adipogenesis. A strong inverse correlation was found between CIDEA protein level with the newly synthetized glycerol (r = -0.839, p = 0.0047). Following weight gain, an increase in adipocytes' cell diameter with a decrease in CIDEA expression and RNA-sequencing transcriptomic profile typical of adipocyte dysfunction was observed. CONCLUSIONS Reduced expression of CIDEA in girls with high VAT/(VAT+SAT) is associated with adipocyte hypertrophy and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tarabra
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jessica Nouws
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alla Vash-Margita
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marc Hellerstein
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Veronika Shabanova
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sarah McCollum
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Bridget Pierpont†
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dejian Zhao
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sonia Caprio
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Barreto GE, Gonzalez J, Reiner Ž, Jamialahmadi T, Echeverria V, Ashraf GM, Sahebkar A. In silico interactions of statins with cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor-like effector A (CIDEA). Chem Biol Interact 2021; 345:109528. [PMID: 34022192 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Statins are the low-density lipoproteins (LDL)-cholesterol-lowering drugs of first choice and are used to prevent the increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Although some of their effects are well known, little is known about their ability to regulate other lipid-related proteins which control apoptotic mechanisms. The aim of this study was to explore whether statins can bind to cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor-like effector A (CIDEA), which might be a possible pleiotropic mechanism of action of these drugs on the modulation of apoptosis and lipid metabolism. The structures of statins were subjected to molecular docking and dynamics with the human CIDEA protein to investigate the interaction pattern and identify which residues are important. The docking results indicated that atorvastatin and rosuvastatin showed the best interaction energy (-8.51 and -8.04 kcal/mol, respectively) followed by fluvastatin (-7.39), pitavastatin (-6.5), lovastatin (-6.23), pravastatin (-6.04) and simvastatin (-5.29). Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin were further subjected to molecular dynamics at 50 ns with CIDEA and the results suggested that rosuvastatin-CIDEA complex had lower root-mean square deviation and root-mean square fluctuation when compared with atorvastatin-CIDEA. Since two arginine residues -ARG19 and ARG22-were identified to be common for the interaction with CIDEA, a single-point mutation was induced in these residues to determine whether they are important for binding interaction. Mutation of these two residues seemed to affect mostly the interaction of atorvastatin with CIDEA, suggesting that they are important for the binding and therefore indicate another possible metabolic mechanism of the pleiotropic effects of this statin.
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Affiliation(s)
- George E Barreto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Janneth Gonzalez
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Željko Reiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Valentina Echeverria
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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16
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Morishita Y, Kellogg AP, Larkin D, Chen W, Vadrevu S, Satin L, Liu M, Arvan P. Cell death-associated lipid droplet protein CIDE-A is a noncanonical marker of endoplasmic reticulum stress. JCI Insight 2021; 6:143980. [PMID: 33661766 PMCID: PMC8119190 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.143980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Secretory protein misfolding has been linked to ER stress and cell death. We expressed a TGrdw transgene encoding TG-G(2298)R, a misfolded mutant thyroglobulin reported to be linked to thyroid cell death. When the TGrdw transgene was expressed at low level in thyrocytes of TGcog/cog mice that experienced severe ER stress, we observed increased thyrocyte cell death and increased expression of CIDE-A (cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector-A, a protein of lipid droplets) in whole thyroid gland. Here we demonstrate that acute ER stress in cultured PCCL3 thyrocytes increases Cidea mRNA levels, maintained at least in part by increased mRNA stability, while being negatively regulated by activating transcription factor 6 - with similar observations that ER stress increases Cidea mRNA levels in other cell types. CIDE-A protein is sensitive to proteasomal degradation yet is stabilized by ER stress, and elevated expression levels accompany increased cell death. Unlike acute ER stress, PCCL3 cells adapted and surviving chronic ER stress maintained a disproportionately lower relative mRNA level of Cidea compared with that of other, classical ER stress markers, as well as a blunted Cidea mRNA response to a new, unrelated acute ER stress challenge. We suggest that CIDE-A is a novel marker linked to a noncanonical ER stress response program, with implications for cell death and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Morishita
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Aaron P. Kellogg
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Dennis Larkin
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Suryakiran Vadrevu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Leslie Satin
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ming Liu
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Peter Arvan
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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17
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Vargas D, Vallejos-Vidal E, Reyes-Cerpa S, Oyarzún-Arrau A, Acuña-Castillo C, Imarai M, Reyes-López FE, Sandino AM. The Analysis of Live-Attenuated Piscirickettsia salmonis Vaccine Reveals the Short-Term Upregulation of Innate and Adaptive Immune Genes in Atlantic Salmon ( Salmo salar): An In Situ Open-Sea Cages Study. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9040703. [PMID: 33805284 PMCID: PMC8066903 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Piscirickettsia salmonis, the etiological agent of the Salmon Rickettsial Septicemia (SRS), is one the most serious health problems for the Chilean salmon industry. Typical antimicrobial strategies used against P. salmonis include antibiotics and vaccines, but these applications have largely failed. A few years ago, the first attenuated-live vaccine against SRS (ALPHA JECT LiVac® SRS vaccine) was released to the market. However, there is no data about the agents involved in the activation of the immune response induced under field conditions. Therefore, in this study we evaluated the expression profile of a set of gene markers related to innate and adaptive immunity in the context of a cellular response in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) reared under productive farm conditions and immunized with a live-attenuated vaccine against P. salmonis. We analyzed the expression at zero, 5-, 15- and 45-days post-vaccination (dpv). Our results reveal that the administration of the attenuated live SRS LiVac vaccine induces a short-term upregulation of the cellular-mediated immune response at 5 dpv modulated by the upregulation of ifnα, ifnγ, and the cd4 and cd8α T cell surface markers. In addition, we also registered the upregulation of il-10 and tgfβ. Altogether, the results suggest that a balanced activation of the immune response took place only at early times post-vaccination (5 dpv). The scope of this short-term upregulation of the cellular-mediated immune response against a natural outbreak in fish subjected to productive farm conditions deserves further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Vargas
- Consorcio Tecnológico de Sanidad Acuícola, Ictio Biotechnologies S.A., 7500652 Santiago, Chile; (D.V.); (A.O.-A.); (M.I.)
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, 9170002 Santiago, Chile;
| | - Eva Vallejos-Vidal
- Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, 9170002 Santiago, Chile;
| | - Sebastián Reyes-Cerpa
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, 8580745 Santiago, Chile;
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, 8580745 Santiago, Chile
| | - Aarón Oyarzún-Arrau
- Consorcio Tecnológico de Sanidad Acuícola, Ictio Biotechnologies S.A., 7500652 Santiago, Chile; (D.V.); (A.O.-A.); (M.I.)
| | - Claudio Acuña-Castillo
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, 9170002 Santiago, Chile;
- Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, 9170002 Santiago, Chile;
| | - Mónica Imarai
- Consorcio Tecnológico de Sanidad Acuícola, Ictio Biotechnologies S.A., 7500652 Santiago, Chile; (D.V.); (A.O.-A.); (M.I.)
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, 9170002 Santiago, Chile;
- Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, 9170002 Santiago, Chile;
| | - Felipe E. Reyes-López
- Consorcio Tecnológico de Sanidad Acuícola, Ictio Biotechnologies S.A., 7500652 Santiago, Chile; (D.V.); (A.O.-A.); (M.I.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad de Las Américas, 7500975 Providencia, Chile
- Correspondence: (F.E.R.-L.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Ana María Sandino
- Consorcio Tecnológico de Sanidad Acuícola, Ictio Biotechnologies S.A., 7500652 Santiago, Chile; (D.V.); (A.O.-A.); (M.I.)
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, 9170002 Santiago, Chile;
- Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, 9170002 Santiago, Chile;
- Correspondence: (F.E.R.-L.); (A.M.S.)
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18
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Bhat SA, Yousuf A, Mushtaq Z, Kumar V, Qurashi A. Fragile X Premutation rCGG Repeats Impair Synaptic Growth and Synaptic Transmission at Drosophila larval Neuromuscular Junction. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:1677-1692. [PMID: 33772546 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease that develops in some premutation (PM) carriers of the FMR1 gene with alleles bearing 55-200 CGG repeats. The discovery of a broad spectrum of clinical and cell developmental abnormalities among PM carriers with or without FXTAS and in model systems suggests that neurodegeneration seen in FXTAS could be the inevitable end-result of pathophysiological processes set during early development. Hence, it is imperative to trace early PM-induced pathological abnormalities. Previous studies have shown that transgenic Drosophila carrying PM-length CGG repeats are sufficient to cause neurodegeneration. Here, we used the same transgenic model to understand the effect of CGG repeats on the structure and function of the developing nervous system. We show that presynaptic expression of CGG repeats restricts synaptic growth, reduces the number of synaptic boutons, leads to aberrant presynaptic varicosities, and impairs synaptic transmission at the larval neuromuscular junctions. The postsynaptic analysis shows that both glutamate receptors and subsynaptic reticulum proteins were normal. However, a high percentage of boutons show a reduced density of Bruchpilot protein, a key component of presynaptic active zones required for vesicle release. The electrophysiological analysis shows a significant reduction in quantal content, a measure of total synaptic vesicles released per excitation potential. Together, these findings suggest that synapse perturbation caused by rCGG repeats mediates presynaptically during larval NMJ development. We also suggest that the stress-activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase protein Basket and CIDE-N protein Drep-2 positively mediate Bruchpilot active zone defects caused by rCGG repeats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad A Bhat
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, JK, 190006, India
| | - Aadil Yousuf
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, JK, 190006, India
| | - Zeeshan Mushtaq
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, IISER-Bhopal, Bhopal, MP, 462066, India
| | - Vimlesh Kumar
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, IISER-Bhopal, Bhopal, MP, 462066, India
| | - Abrar Qurashi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, JK, 190006, India
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19
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Gao YP, Li L, Yan J, Hou XX, Jia YX, Chang ZW, Guan XY, Qin YR. Down-Regulation of CIDEA Promoted Tumor Growth and Contributed to Cisplatin Resistance by Regulating the JNK-p21/Bad Signaling Pathways in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 10:627845. [PMID: 33614508 PMCID: PMC7888273 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.627845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common malignancies with poor prognosis and lack of effective targeted therapies. In this study, we investigated the tumor suppressive role of the cell death inducing DFF like effector A (CIDEA) in ESCC. Firstly, public datasets and ESCC tissue microarray analysis showed that CIDEA was frequently down-regulated at both the mRNA and protein level. This was significantly associated with low differentiation and TNM stage in ESCC, and indicated poor prognosis for ESCC patients. Bisulfite genomic sequencing (BGS) and methylation-specific PCR (MSP) analysis revealed that the down-regulation of CIDEA was associated with hypermethylation of its promoter, which was also correlated with the poor prognosis in ESCC patients. In vitro and in vivo functional studies demonstrated that CIDEA decreased cell growth, foci formation, DNA replication, and tumorigenesis in nude mice. Further study revealed that, during starvation or cisplatin induced DNA damage, CIDEA facilitated the G1-phase arrest or caspase-dependent mitochondrial apoptosis through the JNK-p21/Bad pathway. Therefore, CIDEA is a novel tumor suppressor gene that plays an important role in the development and progression of ESCC, and may provide a potential therapeutic target for patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Gao
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Hou
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Third Peoples Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong-Xu Jia
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Chang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan-Ru Qin
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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20
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Abd Eldaim MA, Zhao K, Murakami M, Yoshioka H, Itoyama E, Kitamura S, Nagase H, Matsui T, Funaba M. Regulatory expression of uncoupling protein 1 and its related genes by endogenous activity of the transforming growth factor-β family in bovine myogenic cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 39:116-125. [PMID: 33006416 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is responsible for non-shivering thermogenesis, with restricted expression in brown/beige adipocytes in humans and rodents. We have previously shown an unexpected expression of UCP1 in bovine skeletal muscles. This study evaluated factors affecting Ucp1 gene expression in cultured bovine myogenic cells. Myosatellite cells, which were isolated from the bovine musculus longissimus cervicis, were induced to differentiate into myotubes in the presence of 2% horse serum. Previous studies using murine brown/beige adipocytes revealed that Ucp1 expression levels are directly increased by forskolin and all-trans retinoic acid (RA). The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/activin pathway negatively regulated Ucp1 expression, whereas activation of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway indirectly increases Ucp1 expression through the stimulation of brown/beige adipogenesis. Neither forskolin nor RA significantly affected Ucp1 mRNA levels in bovine myogenic cells. A-83-01, an inhibitor of the TGF-β/activin pathway, stimulated myogenesis in these cells. A-83-01 significantly increased the expression of some brown fat signature genes such as Pgc-1α, Cox7a1, and Dio2, with a quantitative but not significant increase in the expression of Ucp1. Treatment with LDN-193189, an inhibitor of the BMP pathway, did not affect the differentiation of bovine myosatellite cells. Rather, LDN-193189 increased Ucp1 mRNA levels without modulating the levels of other brown/beige adipocyte-related genes. The current results indicate that the regulation of Ucp1 expression in bovine myogenic cells is distinct from that in murine brown/beige adipocytes, which has been more intensely characterized. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: We previously reported unexpected expression of Ucp1 in bovine muscle tissues; Ucp1 expression has been known to be detected predominantly in brown/beige adipocytes. This study examined regulatory expression of bovine Ucp1 in myogenic cells. Consistent with the changes in expression levels of brown/beige adipocyte-selective genes, Ucp1 expression tended to be increased by inhibition of endogenous TGF-β activity. In contrast, inhibition of endogenous BMP significantly increased Ucp1 expression without affecting brown/beige adipocyte-selective gene expression. The current results indicate that regulatory expression of Ucp1 in bovine myogenic cells is distinct from that in murine brown/beige adipocytes that is more intensely characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabrouk A Abd Eldaim
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Kangning Zhao
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaru Murakami
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Azabu University School of Veterinary Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Tohru Matsui
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Kyoto University Livestock Farm, Japan
| | - Masayuki Funaba
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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21
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Tanimizu N, Ichinohe N, Suzuki H, Mitaka T. Prolonged oxidative stress and delayed tissue repair exacerbate acetaminophen-induced liver injury in aged mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:18907-18927. [PMID: 33001859 PMCID: PMC7732315 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The liver gradually loses its regenerative capabilities with aging. However, it remains unknown whether aging affects drug-induced liver injury. Here, we used acetaminophen induced acute liver injury model to compare tissue injury and regeneration of aged mice (>80 weeks old) with young ones (8-10 weeks old). The mortality of aged mice after acetaminophen injury was higher than that of young mice. Transient increase of serum GOT and decrease of reduced glutathione (GSH) were not returned to original levels in aged mice even at 48 hours. In addition, Foxm1b and its targets Ccnd1 and Cdk1 were upregulated in young but not in aged mice after 48 hours. Moreover, an apoptosis-related gene, Cidea, was upregulated specifically in aged livers, which was consistent with increased number of TUNEL+ hepatocytes. Unexpectedly, damaged hepatocytes were retained in aged liver tissue, which may be caused by impaired recruitment of macrophages to the damaged area, without increases in Ccl2 after acetaminophen injury. Collectively, prolonged oxidative stress due to delayed recovery of GSH and the retention of damaged hepatocytes may suppress tissue repair and hepatocyte proliferation, resulting in exacerbation of acetaminophen injury in aged mice. Thus, aging is a risk factor conferring susceptibility against drug-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Tanimizu
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku 060-8556, Japan
| | - Norihisa Ichinohe
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiromu Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku 060-8556, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Mitaka
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku 060-8556, Japan
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22
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Li C, Liu Y, Dong Z, Xu M, Gao M, Cong M, Liu S. TCDD promotes liver fibrosis through disordering systemic and hepatic iron homeostasis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 395:122588. [PMID: 32325343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
2, 3, 7, 8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a toxic environmental pollutant which can cause severe health problems, such as fibrosis. However, the toxic effects and related mechanism of TCDD on the liver remain largely unknown. In this study, we established a liver fibrosis mouse model upon exposure of TCDD, as evidenced by increased collagen I, tumor growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and Masson staining. Meanwhile, there was also a significant increase of inflammatory factors and TUNEL-positive hepatocytes in liver, indicating that liver inflammation and hepatic cell apoptosis occurred. In addition, increased serum and liver iron were concomitant with liver injury induced by TCDD. We further investigated the mechanism underlying TCDD-induced hepatocyte apoptosis through apoptosis polymerase chain reaction array, and found that a crucial apoptosis-related gene, cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector b (Cideb), was significantly increased in primary hepatocytes from TCDD-exposed mice, and accompanied by liver iron deposition in hepcidin knockout mice. Therefore, Cideb depletion could effectively attenuated TCDD or iron induced cell death related genes expression. In conclusion, our results showed that iron-induced Cideb expression played a critical role in promoting TCDD-induced hepatocyte apoptosis and liver fibrosis, which provide a novel mechanism for understanding TCDD-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changying Li
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis and National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis and National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zheng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Min Cong
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis and National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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23
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Placental function in maternal obesity. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:961-984. [PMID: 32313958 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Maternal obesity is associated with pregnancy complications and increases the risk for the infant to develop obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease later in life. However, the mechanisms linking the maternal obesogenic environment to adverse short- and long-term outcomes remain poorly understood. As compared with pregnant women with normal BMI, women entering pregnancy obese have more pronounced insulin resistance, higher circulating plasma insulin, leptin, IGF-1, lipids and possibly proinflammatory cytokines and lower plasma adiponectin. Importantly, the changes in maternal levels of nutrients, growth factors and hormones in maternal obesity modulate placental function. For example, high insulin, leptin, IGF-1 and low adiponectin in obese pregnant women activate mTOR signaling in the placenta, promoting protein synthesis, mitochondrial function and nutrient transport. These changes are believed to increase fetal nutrient supply and contribute to fetal overgrowth and/or adiposity in offspring, which increases the risk to develop disease later in life. However, the majority of obese women give birth to normal weight infants and these pregnancies are also associated with activation of inflammatory signaling pathways, oxidative stress, decreased oxidative phosphorylation and lipid accumulation in the placenta. Recent bioinformatics approaches have expanded our understanding of how maternal obesity affects the placenta; however, the link between changes in placental function and adverse outcomes in obese women giving birth to normal sized infants is unclear. Interventions that specifically target placental function, such as activation of placental adiponectin receptors, may prevent the transmission of metabolic disease from obese women to the next generation.
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24
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Assembly of platforms for signal transduction in the new era: dimerization, helical filament assembly, and beyond. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:356-366. [PMID: 32139779 PMCID: PMC7156525 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular organizing center (SMOC)-mediated signal transduction is an emerging concept in the field of signal transduction that is ushering in a new era. The formation of location-specific, higher-order SMOCs is particularly important for cell death and innate immune signaling processes. Several protein interaction domains, including the death domain (DD) superfamily and the CIDE domain, are representative mediators of SMOC assembly in cell death and innate immune signaling pathways. DD superfamily- and CIDE domain-containing proteins form SMOCs that activate various caspases and provide signaling scaffold platforms. These assemblies can lead to signal transduction and amplification during signaling events. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the molecular basis of DD superfamily- and CIDE domain-mediated SMOC formation. Improved understanding of large molecular signaling complexes that form during innate (nonspecific) immune responses could help develop treatments for multiple diseases including cancer. Correct cell signaling requires precise protein interactions and binding, which are mediated by specific sites on the surface of the protein molecules involved. Innate immune responses and cell death mechanisms rely on such protein interactions, and defects can cause signaling abnormalities and trigger disease. Hyun Ho Park and co-workers at Chung-Ang University in Seoul, South Korea, reviewed recent insights into the presence of supramolecular organizing centers (SMOCs), localized complexes of signaling proteins that form during immune responses. The researchers highlight existing understanding of SMOC assembly processes. A better understanding of SMOCs will help to explain enzyme activation, signal amplification and cell signaling control mechanisms.
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25
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Price AM, Doner NM, Gidda SK, Jambunathan S, James CN, Schami A, Yurchenko O, Mullen RT, Dyer JM, Puri V, Chapman KD. Mouse Fat-Specific Protein 27 (FSP27) expressed in plant cells localizes to lipid droplets and promotes lipid droplet accumulation and fusion. Biochimie 2020; 169:41-53. [PMID: 31400447 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Fat-Specific Protein 27 (FSP27) belongs to a small group of vertebrate proteins containing a Cell-death Inducing DNA fragmentation factor-α-like Effector (CIDE)-C domain and is involved in lipid droplet (LD) accumulation and energy homeostasis. FSP27 is predominantly expressed in white and brown adipose tissues, as well as liver, and plays a key role in mediating LD-LD fusion. No orthologs have been identified in invertebrates or plants. In this study, we tested the function of mouse FSP27 in stably-transformed Arabidopsis thaliana leaves and seeds, as well as through transient expression in Nicotiana tabacum suspension-cultured cells and N. benthamiana leaves. Confocal microscopic analysis of plant cells revealed that, similar to ectopic expression in mammalian cells, FSP27 produced in plants 1) correctly localized to LDs, 2) accumulated at LD-LD contact sites, and 3) induced an increase in the number and size of LDs and also promoted LD clustering and fusion. Furthermore, FSP27 increased oil content in transgenic A. thaliana seeds. Given that plant oils have uses in human and animal nutrition as well as industrial uses such as biofuels and bioplastics, our results suggest that ectopic expression of FSP27 in plants represents a potential strategy for increasing oil content and energy density in bioenergy or oilseed crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann M Price
- BioDiscovery Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Nathan M Doner
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Satinder K Gidda
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Srikarthika Jambunathan
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher N James
- BioDiscovery Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Alyssa Schami
- BioDiscovery Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Olga Yurchenko
- USDA-ARS, US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ, USA
| | - Robert T Mullen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - John M Dyer
- USDA-ARS, US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ, USA
| | - Vishwajeet Puri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and the Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Kent D Chapman
- BioDiscovery Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.
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26
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Chen F, Yin Y, Chua BT, Li P. CIDE family proteins control lipid homeostasis and the development of metabolic diseases. Traffic 2019; 21:94-105. [PMID: 31746121 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng‐Jung Chen
- Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, the Human Phenome InstituteFudan University, and Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Yesheng Yin
- Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, the Human Phenome InstituteFudan University, and Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Boon Tin Chua
- Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, the Human Phenome InstituteFudan University, and Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua‐Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life SciencesTsinghua University Beijing China
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27
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Omar M, Laknaur A, Al-Hendy A, Yang Q. Myometrial progesterone hyper-responsiveness associated with increased risk of human uterine fibroids. BMC Womens Health 2019; 19:92. [PMID: 31288815 PMCID: PMC6617862 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-019-0795-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uterine Fibroids (UFs) growth is ovarian steroid-dependent. Previous studies have shown that estrogen and progesterone play an important role in UF development. However, the mechanism underlying progesterone induced UF pathogenesis is largely unknown. In this study, we determined the expression of progesterone receptor and compared the expression level of progesterone-regulated genes (PRGs) in human myometrial cells from normal uteri (MyoN) versus uteri with UFs (MyoF) in response to progesterone. METHODS Primary human myometrial cells were isolated from premenopausal patients with structurally normal uteri (PrMyoN). Primary human myometrial cells were also isolated from uterus with UFs (PrMyoF). Isolated tissues were excised at least 2 cm from the closest UFs lesion(s). Progesterone receptor (PR) expression was assessed using Western blot (WB). Expression levels of 15 PRGs were measured by qRT-PCR in PrMyoN and PrMyoF cells in the presence or absence of progesterone. RESULTS WB analysis revealed higher expression levels of PR in PrMyoF cells as compared to PrMyoN cells. Furthermore, we compared the expression patterns of 15 UF-related PRGs in PrMyoN and PrMyoF primary cells in response to progesterone hormone treatment. Our studies demonstrated that five PRGs including Bcl2, FOXO1A, SCGB2A2, CYP26a1 and MMP11 exhibited significant progesterone-hyper-responsiveness in human PrMyoF cells as compared to PrMyoN cells (P < 0.05). Another seven PRGs, including CIDEC, CANP6, ADHL5, ALDHA1, MT1E, KIK6, HHI showed gain in repression in response to progesterone treatment (P > 0.05). Importantly, these genes play crucial roles in cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, tissue remodeling and tumorigenesis in the development of UFs. CONCLUSION These data support the idea that progesterone acts as contributing mechanism in the origin of UFs. Identification and analysis of these PRGs will help to further understand the role of progesterone in UF development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Omar
- Division of Translation Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Augusta University, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, 3 El-Bahr Street, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Archana Laknaur
- Division of Translation Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Augusta University, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA USA
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S. Wood Street, (M/C 808), Chicago, IL 60612 USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois @ Chicago (UIC), 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Qiwei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S. Wood Street, (M/C 808), Chicago, IL 60612 USA
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Mineo C. A Novel Proangiogenic Function of Fsp27 in Endothelium: You Only Live Thrice? J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e013042. [PMID: 31433705 PMCID: PMC6585346 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
See Article Karki et al.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieko Mineo
- Department of PediatricsCenter for Pulmonary and Vascular BiologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX
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29
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Sans A, Bonnafous S, Rousseau D, Patouraux S, Canivet CM, Leclere PS, Tran-Van-Nhieu J, Luci C, Bailly-Maitre B, Xu X, Lee AH, Minehira K, Anty R, Tran A, Iannelli A, Gual P. The Differential Expression of Cide Family Members is Associated with Nafld Progression from Steatosis to Steatohepatitis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7501. [PMID: 31097771 PMCID: PMC6522528 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43928-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the progression from a “non-pathogenic” steatotic state to Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis is an important clinical requirement. The cell death-inducing DFF45 like effector (CIDE) family members (A, B and FSP27) regulate hepatic lipid homeostasis by controlling lipid droplet growth and/or VLDL production. However, CIDE proteins, particularly FSP27, have a dual role in that they also regulate cell death. We here report that the hepatic expression of CIDEA and FSP27 (α/β) was similarly upregulated in a dietary mouse model of obesity-mediated hepatic steatosis. In contrast, CIDEA expression decreased, but FSP27-β expression strongly increased in a dietary mouse model of steatohepatitis. The inverse expression pattern of CIDEA and FSP27β was amplified with the increasing severity of the liver inflammation and injury. In obese patients, the hepatic CIDEC2 (human homologue of mouse FSP27β) expression strongly correlated with the NAFLD activity score and liver injury. The hepatic expression of CIDEA tended to increase with obesity, but decreased with NAFLD severity. In hepatic cell lines, the downregulation of FSP27β resulted in the fractionation of lipid droplets, whereas its overexpression decreased the expression of the anti-apoptotic BCL2 marker. This, in turn, sensitized cells to apoptosis in response to TNF α and saturated fatty acid. Considered together, our animal, human and in vitro studies indicate that differential expression of FSP27β/CIDEC2 and CIDEA is related to NAFLD progression and liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Sans
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Stéphanie Bonnafous
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | | | - Stéphanie Patouraux
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Clémence M Canivet
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | | | - Jeanne Tran-Van-Nhieu
- HU Henri Mondor, Department of Pathology, AP-HP - Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Carmelo Luci
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | | | - Xu Xu
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New York, USA
| | - Ann-Hwee Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - Kaori Minehira
- University of Lausanne, Department of Physiology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rodolphe Anty
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Albert Tran
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Antonio Iannelli
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Philippe Gual
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France.
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30
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Sun J, Deng W, Gou NN, Ji H, Du ZY, Chen LQ. CIDEA and CIDEC are regulated by CREB and are not induced during fasting in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella adipocytes. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 234:50-57. [PMID: 31028911 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor 45-like effector family proteins, including CIDEA, CIDEB and CIDEC, play an important role in energy metabolism. In the present study, CIDEA, CIDEB and CIDEC cDNAs were firstly isolated and characterized from grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella, encoding peptides of 205, 208 and 238 amino acids, respectively. Analysis of the exon-intron structures clarified that grass carp CIDEA, CIDEB and CIDEC consisted of 5 coding exons, 5 coding exons and 6 coding exons, respectively, which is similar with human and mouse. Both CIDE family genes mRNAs were expressed in a wide range of tissues, but the abundance of each CIDE family gene mRNA showed the tissue-dependent expression patterns. Time-course analysis of CIDE family expressions indicated that their expression were enhanced significantly from day 0 to day 8 after differentiation. Forskolin caused an increase in CIDEA and CIDEC expression, and the effects were attenuated by treatment with CREB inhibitor, revealing that CIDEA and CIDEC are regulated by CREB. Further study found that CIDEA and CIDEC mRNA levels did not show significant changes during fasting. These results provide the groundwork to elucidate the gene structure and physiological function of CIDE family in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wei Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ni-Na Gou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hong Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Qiao Chen
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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31
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Slayton M, Gupta A, Balakrishnan B, Puri V. CIDE Proteins in Human Health and Disease. Cells 2019; 8:cells8030238. [PMID: 30871156 PMCID: PMC6468517 DOI: 10.3390/cells8030238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death-Inducing DNA Fragmentation Factor Alpha (DFFA)-like Effector (CIDE) proteins have emerged as lipid droplet-associated proteins that regulate fat metabolism. There are three members in the CIDE protein family—CIDEA, CIDEB, and CIDEC (also known as fat-specific protein 27 (FSP27)). CIDEA and FSP27 are primarily expressed in adipose tissue, while CIDEB is expressed in the liver. Originally, based upon their homology with DNA fragmentation factors, these proteins were identified as apoptotic proteins. However, recent studies have changed the perception of these proteins, redefining them as regulators of lipid droplet dynamics and fat metabolism, which contribute to a healthy metabolic phenotype in humans. Despite various studies in humans and gene-targeting studies in mice, the physiological roles of CIDE proteins remains elusive. This review will summarize the known physiological role and metabolic pathways regulated by the CIDE proteins in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Slayton
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
| | - Abhishek Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
| | - Bijinu Balakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
| | - Vishwajeet Puri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
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32
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Crystal structure and mutation analysis revealed that DREP2 CIDE forms a filament-like structure with features differing from those of DREP4 CIDE. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17810. [PMID: 30546036 PMCID: PMC6292858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36253-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death-inducing DFF45-like effect (CIDE) domain-containing proteins, DFF40, DFF45, CIDE-A, CIDE-B, and FSP27, play important roles in apoptotic DNA fragmentation and lipid homeostasis. The function of DFF40/45 in apoptotic DNA fragmentation is mediated by CIDE domain filament formation. Although our recent structural study of DREP4 CIDE revealed the first filament-like structure of the CIDE domain and its functional importance, the filament structure of DREP2 CIDE is unclear because this structure was not helical in the asymmetric unit. In this study, we present the crystal structure and mutagenesis analysis of the DREP2 CIDE mutant, which confirmed that DREP2 CIDE also forms a filament-like structure with features differing from those of DREP4 CIDE.
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33
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Wang J, Yan C, Xu C, Chua BT, Li P, Chen FJ. Polybasic RKKR motif in the linker region of lipid droplet (LD)-associated protein CIDEC inhibits LD fusion activity by interacting with acidic phospholipids. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:19330-19343. [PMID: 30361435 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are intracellular organelles and a central site for lipid synthesis, storage, and mobilization. The size of LDs reflects the dynamic regulation of lipid metabolism in cells. Previously, we found that cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector C (CIDEC) mediates LD fusion and growth by lipid transfer through LD-LD contact sites in adipocytes and hepatocytes. The CIDE-N domains of CIDEC molecules form homodimers, whereas the CIDE-C domain plays an important role in LD targeting and enrichment. Here, using targeted protein deletions and GFP expression coupled with fluorescence microscopy, we identified a polybasic RKKR motif in the linker region that connects the CIDE-N and CIDE-C domains of CIDEC and functions as a regulatory motif for LD fusion. We found that deletion of the linker region or mutation of the RKKR motif increases the formation of supersized LDs compared with LD formation in cells with WT CIDEC. This enhanced LD fusion activity required the interaction between CIDE-N domains. Mechanistically, we found that the RKKR motif interacts with acidic phospholipids via electrostatic attraction. Loss of this motif disrupted the protein-lipid interaction, resulting in enhanced lipid droplet fusion activity and thus formation of larger LDs. In summary, we have uncovered a CIDEC domain that regulates LD fusion activity, a finding that provides insights into the inhibitory regulation of LD fusion through CIDEC-lipid interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Chengsong Yan
- the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Science Research Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, and
| | - Chenqi Xu
- the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Science Research Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, and
| | - Boon Tin Chua
- the Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Peng Li
- From the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084,
| | - Feng-Jung Chen
- From the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, .,the Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Chalansonnet M, Carreres-Pons M, Venet T, Thomas A, Merlen L, Seidel C, Cosnier F, Nunge H, Pouyatos B, Llorens J, Campo P. Combined exposure to carbon disulfide and low-frequency noise reversibly affects vestibular function. Neurotoxicology 2018; 67:270-278. [PMID: 29928918 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Chronic occupational exposure to carbon disulfide (CS2) has debilitating motor and sensory effects in humans, which can increase the risk of falls. Although no mention of vestibulotoxic effects is contained in the literature, epidemiological and experimental data suggest that CS2 could cause low-frequency hearing loss when associated with noise exposure. Low-frequency noise might also perturb the peripheral balance receptor through an as-yet unclear mechanism. Here, we studied how exposure to a low-frequency noise combined with 250-ppm CS2 affected balance in rats. Vestibular function was tested based on post-rotary nystagmus recorded by a video-oculography system. These measurements were completed by behavioral tests and analysis of the cerebellum to measure expression levels for gene expression associated with neurotoxicity. Assays were performed prior to and following a 4-week exposure, and again after a 4-week recovery period. Functional measurements were completed by histological analyses of the peripheral organs.Nystagmus was unaltered by exposure to noise alone, while CS2 alone caused a moderate 19% decrease of the saccade number. In contrast, coexposure to 250-ppm CS2 and low-frequency noise decreased both saccade number and duration by 33% and 34%, respectively. After four weeks, recovery was only partial but measures were not significantly different from pre-exposure values. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis of cerebellar tissue revealed a slight but significant modification in expression levels for two genes linked to neurotoxicity in CS2-exposed animals. However, neither histopathological changes to the peripheral receptor nor behavioral differences were observed. Based on all these results, we propose that the effects of CS2 were due to reversible neurochemical disturbance of the efferent pathways managing post-rotatory nystagmus. Because the nervous structures involving the vestibular function appear particularly sensitive to CS2, post-rotary nystagmus could be used as an early, non-invasive measurement to diagnose CS2 intoxication as part of an occupational conservation program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Chalansonnet
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France.
| | - Maria Carreres-Pons
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France; Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Thomas Venet
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France
| | - Aurélie Thomas
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France
| | - Lise Merlen
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France
| | - Carole Seidel
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Cosnier
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France
| | - Hervé Nunge
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France
| | - Benoît Pouyatos
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France
| | - Jordi Llorens
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pierre Campo
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France; DevAH EA 3450 - Développement, Adaptation et Handicap, Régulations cardio-respiratoires et de la motricité-Université de Lorraine, F-54500 Vandœuvre, France
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35
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SREBP1c mediates the effect of acetaldehyde on Cidea expression in Alcoholic fatty liver Mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1200. [PMID: 29352167 PMCID: PMC5775393 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19466-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death inducing DNA fragmentation factor-alpha-like A (Cidea) is a member of cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector (CIDE) protein. The initial function of CIDE is the promotion of cell death and DNA fragmentation in mammalian cells. Cidea was recently reported to play critical roles in the development of hepatic steatosis. The purpose of present study is to determine the effect of chronic alcohol intake on Cidea expression in the livers of mice with alcoholic fatty liver disease. Cidea expression was significantly increased in the liver of alcohol-induced fatty liver mice. While, knockdown of Cidea caused lipid droplets numbers reduction. Next, we detected the activity of ALDH2 reduction and the concentration of serum acetaldehyde accumulation in our alcohol-induced fatty liver mice. Cidea expression was elevated in AML12 cells exposed to 100uM acetaldehyde. Interestingly, Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay showed that 100 uM acetaldehyde led to the activation of Cidea reporter gene plasmid which containing SRE element. What’s more, the knockdown of SREBP1c suppressed acetaldehyde-induced Cidea expression. Overall, our findings suggest that Cidea is highly associated with alcoholic fatty liver disease and Cidea expression is specifically induced by acetaldehyde, and this up-regulation is most likely mediated by SREBP1c.
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Huang JZ, Huang LM, Zeng QJ, Huang EF, Liang HP, Wei Q, Xie XH, Ruan JM. Distribution and quantitative analysis of CIDEa and CIDEc in broiler chickens: accounting for differential fat deposition between strains. Br Poult Sci 2017; 59:173-179. [PMID: 29219006 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2017.1415426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
1. Differences in the expression of CIDEa and CIDEc in 20 different tissues were examined. Both CIDEa and CIDEc mRNA transcripts were predominantly but variably expressed in white adipose tissue (WAT) but were also expressed at moderate levels in the kidney and liver and at lower levels in the ovary. Interestingly, among WAT types, both CIDEa and CIDEc were expressed at the lowest levels in heart coronary WAT. 2. To better understand the roles of CIDEa and CIDEc in the fat deposition of broiler chickens, the differences in lipid droplet (LD) size and mRNA levels of CIDEa and CIDEc between lean-type and fat-type broiler chicken lines were studied. LD sizes were larger in fat-type broiler lines, and CIDEa and CIDEc mRNA levels in white adipose, kidney and liver tissues were significantly higher in fat-type broiler lines than in their lean counterparts. 3. Developmental expression patterns of CIDEa and CIDEc mRNA were analysed in different tissue types (WAT, liver and kidney) in Arbor Acres broiler chickens, and CIDEa and CIDEc mRNA expression levels increased during sequential developmental stages, achieving peak expression levels at week 6. 4. These observations suggest that the functions of CIDEa and CIDEc reflect inherent characteristics of lipid metabolism that contribute to the differences in fat deposition between strains. The results in this study contribute to a more robust understanding of the tissue distribution and expression patterns of CIDEa and CIDEc mRNA and facilitate further research concerning the molecular mechanism underlying fat deposition in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Z Huang
- a Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology , Jiangxi Agricultural University , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - L M Huang
- b College of Life Sciences and Oceanography , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen , P. R. China
| | - Q J Zeng
- a Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology , Jiangxi Agricultural University , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - E F Huang
- c Department of Animal Science , Jiangxi Biotech Vocational College , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - H P Liang
- a Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology , Jiangxi Agricultural University , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - Q Wei
- a Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology , Jiangxi Agricultural University , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - X H Xie
- a Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology , Jiangxi Agricultural University , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - J M Ruan
- a Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology , Jiangxi Agricultural University , Nanchang , P. R. China
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Kim CM, Jeon SH, Choi JH, Lee JH, Park HH. Interaction mode of CIDE family proteins in fly: DREP1 and DREP3 acidic surfaces interact with DREP2 and DREP4 basic surfaces. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189819. [PMID: 29240809 PMCID: PMC5730196 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor 45 (DFF45)-like effector (CIDE) domains were initially identified as protein interaction modules in apoptotic nucleases and are now known to form a highly conserved family with diverse functions that range from cell death to lipid homeostasis. In the fly, four CIDE domain-containing proteins (DFF-related protein [DREP]-1–4) and their functions, including interaction relationships, have been identified. In this study, we introduced and investigated acidic side-disrupted mutants of DREP1, DREP2, and DREP3. We discovered that the acidic surface patches of DREP1 and DREP3 are critical for the homo-dimerization. In addition, we found that the acidic surface sides of DREP1 and DREP3 interact with the basic surface sides of DREP2 and DREP4. Our current study provides clear evidence demonstrating the mechanism of the interactions between four DREP proteins in the fly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Min Kim
- School of Natural Science, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Graduate School of Biochemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hee Jeon
- School of Natural Science, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Graduate School of Biochemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hyuk Choi
- Department of Metrology for Quality of Life, Center for Bioanalysis, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hyuck Lee
- Unit of Polar Genomics, Korea Polar Research Institute, Inchon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ho Park
- School of Natural Science, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Graduate School of Biochemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Gao G, Chen FJ, Zhou L, Su L, Xu D, Xu L, Li P. Control of lipid droplet fusion and growth by CIDE family proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Engin A. Fat Cell and Fatty Acid Turnover in Obesity. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 960:135-160. [PMID: 28585198 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-48382-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The ratio of free fatty acid (FFA) turnover decreases significantly with the expansion of white adipose tissue. Adipose tissue and dietary saturated fatty acid levels significantly correlate with an increase in fat cell size and number. Inhibition of adipose triglyceride lipase leads to an accumulation of triglyceride, whereas inhibition of hormone-sensitive lipase leads to the accumulation of diacylglycerol. The G0/G1 switch gene 2 increases lipid content in adipocytes and promotes adipocyte hypertrophy through the restriction of triglyceride turnover. Excess triacylglycerols (TAGs), sterols and sterol esters are surrounded by the phospholipid monolayer surface and form lipid droplets. Following the release of lipid droplets from endoplasmic reticulum, cytoplasmic lipid droplets increase their volume either by local TAG synthesis or by homotypic fusion. The number and the size of lipid droplet distribution is correlated with obesity. Obesity-associated adipocyte death exhibits feature of necrosis-like programmed cell death. NOD-like receptors family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-dependent caspase-1 activation in hypertrophic adipocytes induces obese adipocyte death by pyroptosis. Actually adipocyte death may be a prerequisite for the transition from hypertrophic to hyperplastic obesity. Major transcriptional factors, CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins beta and delta, play a central role in the subsequent induction of critical regulators, peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, in the transcriptional control of adipogenesis in obesity.Collectively, in this chapter the concept of adipose tissue remodeling in response to adipocyte death or adipogenesis, and the complexity of lipid droplet interactions with the other cellular organelles are reviewed. Furthermore, in addition to lipid droplet growth, the functional link between the adipocyte-specific lipid droplet-associated protein and fatty acid turn-over is also debated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Engin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Gazi University, Besevler, Ankara, Turkey. .,, Mustafa Kemal Mah. 2137. Sok. 8/14, 06520, Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey.
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Zheng XY, Yu BL, Xie YF, Zhao SP, Wu CL. Apolipoprotein A5 regulates intracellular triglyceride metabolism in adipocytes. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:6771-6779. [PMID: 28901468 PMCID: PMC5865834 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It has previously been demonstrated that apolipoprotein A5 (apoA5) can be internalized by human adipocytes and significantly decreases intracellular triglyceride content. In the present study, endocytosis of apoA5 by adipocytes under different conditions, and the underlying mechanism by which apoA5 regulates cellular triglyceride storage, was investigated. The results revealed that the apoA5 protein was detected in human subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissues. In addition, the uptake of apoA5 was attenuated in human obese adipose tissues and in cultured adipocytes with hypertrophy or insulin resistance. Low-density lipoprotein receptor protein 1 (LRP1) knockdown in adipocytes resulted in a decrease in internalized apoA5 content, suggesting that LRP1 serves a role in apoA5 uptake. Treatment of adipocytes with apoA5 decreased the expression of the lipid droplet-associated proteins such as cidec and perilipin. ApoA5-treated adipocytes demonstrated an increase in lipolysis activity and expression of uncoupling protein 1, which is the molecular effector of thermogenesis in brown adipocytes. These results suggested that decreased triglyceride accumulation in adipocytes induced by apoA5 may be associated with enhanced lipolysis and energy expenditure, which may result from reduced expression of cidec and perilipin. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated a novel role of apoA5 in regulating the intracellular triglyceride metabolism of adipocytes. The results of the present study suggested that apoA5 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity and its related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Bi-Lian Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Fei Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Shui-Ping Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Lu Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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Nishimoto Y, Tamori Y. CIDE Family-Mediated Unique Lipid Droplet Morphology in White Adipose Tissue and Brown Adipose Tissue Determines the Adipocyte Energy Metabolism. J Atheroscler Thromb 2017; 24:989-998. [PMID: 28883211 PMCID: PMC5656771 DOI: 10.5551/jat.rv17011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) stores energy as triacylglycerol in preparation for fasting state. In contrast, brown adipose tissue (BAT) consumes energy and produces heat in a cold environment. One of the major differences between these two adipose tissues is the morphology of the intracellular lipid droplet (LD), which is large and unilocular in WAT and small and multilocular in BAT. Although the fat-specific protein 27 alpha (FSP27α), belonging to the cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor A (DFFA)-like effector (Cide) family, was known to be indispensable for large unilocular LD formation in WAT, the mechanism that regulated small multilocular LD formation in BAT remained unknown. We recently uncovered that FSP27β, a novel isoform of FSP27 abundantly expressed in BAT, plays a crucial role in small multilocular LD formation by inhibiting the homodimerization of CideA in BAT. We speculate that unilocular LD formation is ideal for efficient lipid storage in WAT because lipolysis from the LD surface is restricted due to the minimum LD surface area. In addition, hydrolyzed free fatty acid (FFA) and glycerol can efficiently flow out into the circulation from the cell surface. In contrast, small multilocular LD formation is ideal for efficient intracellular lipolysis from the LD surface and the subsequent facilitation of FFA transport to mitochondria that are adjacent to LDs for β-oxidation in BAT. Thus, intracellular LD morphology is closely related to the functions and characteristics of adipose tissues. Given that the browning of adipose tissue leads to enhanced energy expenditure and the prevention of obesity, clarification of the mechanism with respect to intracellular LD formation is very meaningful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nishimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yoshikazu Tamori
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Chibune General Hospital
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Yasumoto J, Kasai H, Yoshimura K, Otoguro T, Watashi K, Wakita T, Yamashita A, Tanaka T, Takeda S, Moriishi K. Hepatitis B virus prevents excessive viral production via reduction of cell death-inducing DFF45-like effectors. J Gen Virol 2017; 98:1762-1773. [PMID: 28745269 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and lipid accumulation remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of HBV propagation on lipid droplet growth in HBV-infected cells and HBV-producing cell lines, HepG2.2.15 and HBV-inducible Hep38.7-Tet. The amount of intracellular triglycerides was significantly reduced in HBV-infected and HBV-producing cells compared with HBV-lacking control cells. Electron and immunofluorescent microscopic analyses showed that the average size of a single lipid droplet (LD) was significantly less in the HBV-infected and HBV-producing cells than in the HBV-lacking control cells. Cell death-inducing DFF45-like effectors (CIDEs) B and C (CIDEB and CIDEC), which are involved in LD expansion for the improvement of lipid storage, were expressed at a significantly lower level in HBV-infected or HBV-producing cells than in HBV-lacking control cells, while CIDEA was not detected in those cells regardless of HBV production. The activity of the CIDEB and CIDEC gene promoters was impaired in HBV-infected or HBV-producing cells compared to HBV-lacking control cells, while CIDEs potentiated HBV core promoter activity. The amount of HNF4α, that can promote the transcription of CIDEB was significantly lower in HBV-producing cells than in HBV-lacking control cells. Knockout of CIDEB or CIDEC significantly reduced the amount of supernatant HBV DNA, intracellular viral RNA and nucleocapsid-associated viral DNA, while the expression of CIDEB or CIDEC recovered HBV production in CIDEB- or CIDEC-knockout cells. These results suggest that HBV regulates its own viral replication via CIDEB and CIDEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yasumoto
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hirotake Kasai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yoshimura
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Teruhime Otoguro
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Koichi Watashi
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaji Wakita
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuya Yamashita
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Tanaka
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Sen Takeda
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kohji Moriishi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, Japan
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CIDE domains form functionally important higher-order assemblies for DNA fragmentation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:7361-7366. [PMID: 28652364 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1705949114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector (CIDE) domains, initially identified in apoptotic nucleases, form a family with diverse functions ranging from cell death to lipid homeostasis. Here we show that the CIDE domains of Drosophila and human apoptotic nucleases Drep2, Drep4, and DFF40 all form head-to-tail helical filaments. Opposing positively and negatively charged interfaces mediate the helical structures, and mutations on these surfaces abolish nuclease activation for apoptotic DNA fragmentation. Conserved filamentous structures are observed in CIDE family members involved in lipid homeostasis, and mutations on the charged interfaces compromise lipid droplet fusion, suggesting that CIDE domains represent a scaffold for higher-order assembly in DNA fragmentation and other biological processes such as lipid homeostasis.
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Qiu YQ, Yang XF, Ma XY, Xiong YX, Tian ZM, Fan QL, Wang L, Jiang ZY. CIDE gene expression in adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle from obese and lean pigs. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2017; 18:492-500. [PMID: 28585425 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1600294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The expression of the cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor α-like effector (CIDE) family including Cidea, Cideb, and Cidec was significantly increased in mouse and human models of obesity. However, there was less information on these genes' expression in pigs. Here, we hypothesized that different fat accumulation between lean (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire gilts, DLY) and obese (Lantang) pigs was attributed to porcine CIDE-modulating lipid metabolism. Our data showed that Cidea and Cidec were expressed at a high level in adipose tissue, and at a relatively high level in skeletal muscle, whereas Cideb was mainly expressed in the liver in both breeds of pig. Lantang pigs had higher white adipose and skeletal muscle Cidea and Cidec mRNA abundance, and hepatic and muscle Cideb mRNA than DLY pigs. Lipid metabolism-related genes including sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α (HNF-4α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), fatty acid synthase (FASN), diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), and DGAT2 showed a higher expression level in adipose tissue from obese pigs than in that from lean pigs. Lantang pigs exhibited higher mRNA abundance for liver SREBP-1c, HNF-4α, and PGC-1α, and higher skeletal muscle SREBP-1c, HNF-4α, PGC-1α, and DGAT2 expression, as compared with DLY pigs. However, the perlipin2 mRNA levels in adipose tissues, liver, and skeletal muscle were significantly lower in obese pigs than in their lean counterparts. Furthermore, plasma non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), glucose, and triacylglycerol (TAG) levels were greater in obese pigs than in lean pigs. Finally, data from correlation analysis further found that CIDE mRNA expression was positively correlated with back fat thickness (BFT), abdominal fat mass (AFM), and the levels of NEFA, TAG, and glucose in the two breeds. Collectively, these data revealed that the porcine CIDEs possibly modulated lipid metabolism and contributed to the development of fat deposition and obesity in Lantang pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Qin Qiu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xue-Fen Yang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xian-Yong Ma
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yun-Xia Xiong
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhi-Mei Tian
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qiu-Li Fan
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Li Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zong-Yong Jiang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Wang Q, Wei LW, Xiao HQ, Xue Y, Du SH, Liu YG, Xie XL. Methamphetamine induces hepatotoxicity via inhibiting cell division, arresting cell cycle and activating apoptosis: In vivo and in vitro studies. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 105:61-72. [PMID: 28341135 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) resulted in acute hepatic injury. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully clarified. In the present study, rats were treated with METH (15 mg/kg B.W.) for 8 injections (i.p.), and the levels of alanine transaminase, asparatate transaminase and ammonia in serum were significantly elevated over those in the control group, suggesting hepatic injury, which was evidenced by histopathological observation. Analysis of the liver tissues with microarray revealed differential expressions of a total of 332 genes in METH-treated rats. According to the GO and KEGG annotations, a large number of down-regulated cell cycle genes were screened out, suggesting that METH induced cell cycle arrest and deficient of cell cycle checkpoint. Related genes and proteins were confirmed by RT-qPCR and western blotting in rat livers, respectively. Moreover, treatment of Brl-3A cells with METH caused significant cytotoxic response and marked cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, overexpressions of Cidea, cleaved caspase 3 and PARP 1 in METH-treated rats indicated activation of apoptosis, while its inhibition alleviated cell death in Brl-3A cells, suggesting that activation of apoptosis took an important role in METH-induced hepatotoxicity. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that METH induced hepatotoxicity via inducing cell cycle arrest and activating apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Road, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Wen Wei
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1838 North Guangzhou Road, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan-Qin Xiao
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, 510630 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Xue
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Road, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Hao Du
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Road, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Gang Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1838 North Guangzhou Road, 510515 Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiao-Li Xie
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1838 North Guangzhou Road, 510515 Guangzhou, China.
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Bortolotto LFB, Barbosa FR, Silva G, Bitencourt TA, Beleboni RO, Baek SJ, Marins M, Fachin AL. Cytotoxicity of trans-chalcone and licochalcone A against breast cancer cells is due to apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 85:425-433. [PMID: 27903423 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chalcones are precursors of flavonoids that exhibit structural heterogeneity and potential antitumor activity. The objective of this study was to characterize the cytotoxicity of trans-chalcone and licochalcone A (LicoA1) against a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and normal murine fibroblasts (3T3). Also the mechanisms of the anti-cancer activity of these two compounds were studied. The alkaline comet assay revealed dose-dependent genotoxicity, which was more responsive against the tumor cell line, compared to the 3T3 mouse fibroblast cell line. Flow cytometry showed that the two chalcones caused the cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Using PCR Array, we found that trans-chalcone and LicoA trigger apoptosis mediated by the intrinsic pathway as demonstrated by the inhibition of Bcl-2 and induction of Bax. In western blot assay, the two chalcones reduced the expression of cell death-related proteins such as Bcl-2 and cyclin D1 and promoted the cleavage of PARP. However, only trans-chalcone induced the expression of the CIDEA gene and protein in these two experiments. Furthermore, transient transfections of MCF-7 using a construction of a promoter-luciferase vector showed that trans-chalcone induced the expression of the CIDEA promoter activity in 24 and 48h. In conclusion, the results showed that trans-chalcone promoted high induction of the CIDEA promoter gene and protein, which is related to DNA fragmentation during apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gabriel Silva
- Biotechnology Unit, Ribeirão Preto University, SP, Brazil; Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Seung Joon Baek
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Mozart Marins
- Biotechnology Unit, Ribeirão Preto University, SP, Brazil
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47
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Li Y, Li A, Yang ZQ. Molecular cloning, genomic organization, chromosome mapping, tissues expression pattern and identification of a novel splicing variant of porcine CIDEb gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:486-493. [PMID: 27207838 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor-α-like effector b (CIDEb) is a member of the CIDE family of apoptosis-inducing factors, CIDEa and CIDEc have been reported to be Lipid droplets (LDs)-associated proteins that promote atypical LD fusion in adipocytes, and responsible for liver steatosis under fasting and obese conditions, whereas CIDEb promotes lipid storage under normal diet conditions [1], and promotes the formation of triacylglyceride-enriched VLDL particles in hepatocytes [2]. Here, we report the gene cloning, chromosome mapping, tissue distribution, genetic expression analysis, and identification of a novel splicing variant of the porcine CIDEb gene. Sequence analysis shows that the open reading frame of the normal porcine CIDEb isoform covers 660bp and encodes a 219-amino acid polypeptide, whereas its alternative splicing variant encodes a 142-amino acid polypeptide truncated at the fourth exon and comprised of the CIDE-N domain and part of the CIDE-C domain. The deduced amino acid sequence of normal porcine CIDEb shows an 85.8% similarity to the human protein and 80.0% to the mouse protein. The CIDEb genomic sequence spans approximately 6KB comprised of five exons and four introns. Radiation hybrid mapping demonstrated that porcine CIDEb is located at chromosome 7q21 and at a distance of 57cR from the most significantly linked marker, S0334, regions that are syntenic with the corresponding region in the human genome. Tissue expression analysis indicated that normal CIDEb mRNA is ubiquitously expressed in many porcine tissues. It was highly expressed in white adipose tissue and was observed at relatively high levels in the liver, lung, small intestine, lymphatic tissue and brain. The normal version of CIDEb was the predominant form in all tested tissues, whereas the splicing variant was expressed at low levels in all examined tissues except the lymphatic tissue. Furthermore, genetic expression analysis indicated that CIDEb mRNA levels were significantly higher in the white adipose tissue of lean pigs than their obese counterparts, in contrast to porcine CIDEa and CIDEc [3]. We therefore speculate that CIDEb may play a contrary role to the other CIDEs. The basic molecular information we provide here will be useful for further investigations of the physiological function of the gene, which will be helpful in better understanding the role of the CIDE family in lipid metabolism in pig models.
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Affiliation(s)
- YanHua Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, PR China.
| | - AiHua Li
- Chongqing Cancer Institute & Hospital & Cancer Center, Chongqing 404100, PR China
| | - Z Q Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
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48
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Deferme L, Wolters JEJ, Claessen SMH, Theunissen DHJ, van den Beucken T, Wagner JR, van Breda SG, Kleinjans JCS, Briedé JJ. Dynamic Interplay between the Transcriptome and Methylome in Response to Oxidative and Alkylating Stress. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:1428-38. [PMID: 27509014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, it has been shown that free radicals not only react directly with DNA but also regulate epigenetic processes such as DNA methylation, which may be relevant within the context of, for example, tumorigenesis. However, how these free radicals impact the epigenome remains unclear. We therefore investigated whether methyl and hydroxyl radicals, formed by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBH), change temporal DNA methylation patterns and how this interferes with genome-wide gene expression. At three time points, TBH-induced radicals in HepG2 cells were identified by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Total 5-methylcytosine (5mC) levels were determined by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry and genome-wide changes in 5mC and gene expression by microarrays. Induced methylome changes rather represent an adaptive response to the oxidative stress-related reactions observed in the transcriptome. More specifically, we found that methyl radicals did not induce DNA methylation directly. An initial oxidative and alkylating stress-related response of the transcriptome during the early phase of TBH treatment was followed by an epigenetic response associated with cell survival signaling. Also, we identified genes of which the expression seems directly regulated by DNA methylation. This work suggests an important role of the methylome in counter-regulating primary oxidative and alkylating stress responses in the transcriptome to restore normal cell function. Altogether, the methylome may play an important role in counter-regulating primary oxidative and alkylating stress responses in the transcriptome presumably to restore normal cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lize Deferme
- Department of Toxicogenomics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University , 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.,ExxonMobil Petroleum and Chemicals , Hermeslaan 2, 1831 Machelen, Belgium
| | - Jarno E J Wolters
- Department of Toxicogenomics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University , 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra M H Claessen
- Department of Toxicogenomics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University , 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel H J Theunissen
- Department of Toxicogenomics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University , 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Twan van den Beucken
- Department of Toxicogenomics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University , 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J Richard Wagner
- Département de médecine nucléaire et radiobiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1H 5N4
| | - Simone G van Breda
- Department of Toxicogenomics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University , 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos C S Kleinjans
- Department of Toxicogenomics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University , 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacco J Briedé
- Department of Toxicogenomics, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University , 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Cell-death-inducing DFFA-like Effector B Contributes to the Assembly of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Particles and Interacts with HCV NS5A. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27778. [PMID: 27282740 PMCID: PMC4901263 DOI: 10.1038/srep27778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) uses components of the very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) pathway for assembly/release. We previously reported that hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) participates in HCV assembly/release through downstream factors those participate in VLDL assembly/secretion. Cell-death-inducing DFFA-like effector B (CIDEB) is an important regulator of the VLDL pathway. CIDEB is required for entry of HCV particles from cell culture (HCVcc), but the effects of CIDEB on the post-entry steps of the HCV lifecycle are unclear. In the present study, we determined that CIDEB is required for HCV assembly in addition to HCVcc entry. Furthermore, CIDEB interacts with the HCV NS5A protein, and the N terminus of CIDEB and the domain I of NS5A are involved in this interaction. Moreover, CIDEB silencing impairs the association of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) with HCV particles. Interestingly, CIDEB is also required for the post-entry stages of the dengue virus (DENV) life cycle. Collectively, these results indicate that CIDEB is a new host factor that is involved in HCV assembly, presumably by interacting with viral protein, providing new insight into the exploitation of the VLDL regulator CIDEB by HCV.
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Hepatitis C Virus-Induced Degradation of Cell Death-Inducing DFFA-Like Effector B Leads to Hepatic Lipid Dysregulation. J Virol 2016; 90:4174-85. [PMID: 26865724 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02891-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Individuals chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) commonly exhibit hepatic intracellular lipid accumulation, termed steatosis. HCV infection perturbs host lipid metabolism through both cellular and virus-induced mechanisms, with the viral core protein playing an important role in steatosis development. We have recently identified a liver protein, the cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector B (CIDEB), as an HCV entry host dependence factor that is downregulated by HCV infection in a cell culture model. In this study, we investigated the biological significance and molecular mechanism of this downregulation. HCV infection in a mouse model downregulated CIDEB in the liver tissue, and knockout of the CIDEB gene in a hepatoma cell line results in multiple aspects of lipid dysregulation that can contribute to hepatic steatosis, including reduced triglyceride secretion, lower lipidation of very-low-density lipoproteins, and increased lipid droplet (LD) stability. The potential link between CIDEB downregulation and steatosis is further supported by the requirement of the HCV core and its LD localization for CIDEB downregulation, which utilize a proteolytic cleavage event that is independent of the cellular proteasomal degradation of CIDEB. IMPORTANCE Our data demonstrate that HCV infection of human hepatocytesin vitroandin vivoresults in CIDEB downregulation via a proteolytic cleavage event. Reduction of CIDEB protein levels by HCV or gene editing, in turn, leads to multiple aspects of lipid dysregulation, including LD stabilization. Consequently, CIDEB downregulation may contribute to HCV-induced hepatic steatosis.
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