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Kearly A, Saelee P, Bard J, Sinha S, Satterthwaite A, Garrett-Sinha LA. Sequences within and upstream of the mouse Ets1 gene drive high level expression in B cells, but are not sufficient for consistent expression in T cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.02.606433. [PMID: 39149372 PMCID: PMC11326187 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.02.606433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The levels of transcription factor Ets1 are high in resting B and T cells, but are downregulated by signaling through antigen receptors and Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Loss of Ets1 in mice leads to excessive immune cell activation and development of an autoimmune syndrome and reduced Ets1 expression has been observed in human PBMCs in the context of autoimmune diseases. In B cells, Ets1 serves to prevent premature activation and differentiation to antibody-secreting cells. Given these important roles for Ets1 in the immune response, stringent control of Ets1 gene expression levels is required for homeostasis. However, the genetic regulatory elements that control expression of the Ets1 gene remain relatively unknown. Here we identify a topologically-associating domain (TAD) in the chromatin of B cells that includes the mouse Ets1 gene locus and describe an interaction hub that extends over 100 kb upstream and into the gene body. Additionally, we compile epigenetic datasets to find several putative regulatory elements within the interaction hub by identifying regions of high DNA accessibility and enrichment of active enhancer histone marks. Using reporter constructs, we determine that DNA sequences within this interaction hub are sufficient to direct reporter gene expression in lymphoid tissues of transgenic mice. Further analysis indicates that the reporter construct drives faithful expression of the reporter gene in mouse B cells, but variegated expression in T cells, suggesting the existence of T cell regulatory elements outside this region. To investigate how the downregulation of Ets1 transcription is associated with alterations in the epigenetic landscape of stimulated B cells, we performed ATAC-seq in resting and BCR-stimulated primary B cells and identified four regions within and upstream of the Ets1 locus that undergo changes in chromatin accessibility that correlate to Ets1 gene expression. Interestingly, functional analysis of several putative Ets1 regulatory elements using luciferase constructs suggested a high level of functional redundancy. Taken together our studies reveal a complex network of regulatory elements and transcription factors that coordinate the B cell-specific expression of Ets1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Kearly
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Prontip Saelee
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Jonathan Bard
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Satrajit Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Anne Satterthwaite
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Lee Ann Garrett-Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
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2
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Reeder TL, Zarlenga DS, Zeigler AL, Dyer RM. Transcriptional responses consistent with perturbation in dermo-epidermal homeostasis in septic sole ulceration. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)00843-9. [PMID: 38825108 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate transcriptional changes in sole epidermis and dermis of bovine claws with septic sole ulceration of the lateral claw. Assessment included changes in transcripts orchestrating epidermal homeostatic processes including epidermal proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, and cell signaling. Sole epidermis and dermis was removed from region 4 of lesion-bearing lateral and lesion-free medial claws of pelvic limbs in multiparous, lactating Holstein cows. Control sole epidermis and dermis was obtained from region 4 of lateral claws of normal pelvic limbs. Transcript abundances were evaluated by real-time QPCR and relative expression analyzed by ANOVA. Relative to normal lateral claws, sole epidermis and dermis in ulcer-bearing claws exhibited downregulation of genes associated with growth factors, growth factor receptors, activator protein 1 (AP-1) and proto-oncogene (CMYC) transcription components, cell cycle elements, lateral cell-to-cell signaling elements and structures of early and late keratinocyte differentiation. These changes were accompanied by upregulation of pro-inflammatory transcripts interleukin 1 α (IL1A), interleukin1 β (IL1B), interleukin 1 receptor 1 (IL1R1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), the inflammasome components NOD like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), pyrin and caspase recruitment domain (PYCARD), and caspase-1 interleukin converting enzyme (CASPASE), the matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2 and MMP9), and anti-inflammatory genes interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) and interleukin1 receptor 2 (IL1R2). Transcript abundance varied across epidermis and dermis from the ulcer center, margin and epidermis and dermis adjacent to the lesion. Sole epidermis and dermis of lesion-free medial claws exhibited changes paralleling those in the adjacent lateral claws in an environment lacking inflammatory transcripts and downregulated IL1A, interleukin 18 (IL18), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFA) and NOS2. These data imply perturbations in signal pathways driving epidermal proliferation and differentiation are associated with, but not inevitably linked to epidermis and dermis inflammation. Further work is warranted to better define the role of crushing tissue injury, sepsis, metalloproteinase activity, and inflammation in sole ulceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Reeder
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19717-1303
| | - D S Zarlenga
- Animal Parasitic Disease Laboratory, Beltsville Agriculture Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350
| | - A L Zeigler
- Comparative Medicine Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - R M Dyer
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19717-1303.
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3
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Ren X, Cui Z, Zhang Q, Su Z, Xu W, Wu J, Jiang H. JunB condensation attenuates vascular endothelial damage under hyperglycemic condition. J Mol Cell Biol 2024; 15:mjad072. [PMID: 38140943 PMCID: PMC11080659 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjad072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial damage is the initial and crucial factor in the occurrence and development of vascular complications in diabetic patients, contributing to morbidity and mortality. Although hyperglycemia has been identified as a damaging effector, the detailed mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, identified by ATAC-seq and RNA-seq, JunB reverses the inhibition of proliferation and the promotion of apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells treated with high glucose, mainly through the cell cycle and p53 signaling pathways. Furthermore, JunB undergoes phase separation in the nucleus and in vitro, mediated by its intrinsic disordered region and DNA-binding domain. Nuclear localization and condensation behaviors are required for JunB-mediated proliferation and apoptosis. Thus, our study uncovers the roles of JunB and its coacervation in repairing vascular endothelial damage caused by high glucose, elucidating the involvement of phase separation in diabetes and diabetic endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuxia Ren
- Laboratory for Aging and Cancer Research, Frontiers Science Center Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zexu Cui
- Laboratory for Aging and Cancer Research, Frontiers Science Center Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhiguang Su
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Laboratory for Aging and Cancer Research, Frontiers Science Center Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinhui Wu
- Center of Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Laboratory for Aging and Cancer Research, Frontiers Science Center Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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4
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Zhang X, Ding X, Wang C, Le Q, Wu D, Song A, Huang G, Luo L, Luo Y, Yang X, Goins AE, Desai SP, Qiu C, Silva FD, Feldman LE, Zhou J, Spafford MF, Boyd NH, Prossnitz ER, Yang XO, Wang QA, Liu M. Depletion of JunB increases adipocyte thermogenic capacity and ameliorates diet-induced insulin resistance. Nat Metab 2024; 6:78-93. [PMID: 38191667 PMCID: PMC10954369 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00945-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The coexistence of brown adipocytes with low and high thermogenic activity is a fundamental feature of brown adipose tissue heterogeneity and plasticity. However, the mechanisms that govern thermogenic adipocyte heterogeneity and its significance in obesity and metabolic disease remain poorly understood. Here we show that in male mice, a population of transcription factor jun-B (JunB)-enriched (JunB+) adipocytes within the brown adipose tissue exhibits lower thermogenic capacity compared to high-thermogenic adipocytes. The JunB+ adipocyte population expands in obesity. Depletion of JunB in adipocytes increases the fraction of adipocytes exhibiting high thermogenic capacity, leading to enhanced basal and cold-induced energy expenditure and protection against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Mechanistically, JunB antagonizes the stimulatory effects of PPARγ coactivator-1α on high-thermogenic adipocyte formation by directly binding to the promoter of oestrogen-related receptor alpha, a PPARγ coactivator-1α downstream effector. Taken together, our study uncovers that JunB shapes thermogenic adipocyte heterogeneity, serving a critical role in maintaining systemic metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Chunqing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Que Le
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Dandan Wu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Anying Song
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Guixiang Huang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Aleyah E Goins
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Sharina P Desai
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center for Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Chengrui Qiu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Floyd D Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Lily Elizabeth Feldman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Jianlin Zhou
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Michael F Spafford
- Department of Surgery, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Nathan H Boyd
- Department of Surgery, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Eric R Prossnitz
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center for Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center (UNMCCC), University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Xuexian O Yang
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center for Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Qiong A Wang
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Meilian Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center for Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
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Phatak P, Tulapurkar ME, Burrows WM, Donahue JM. MiR-199a-5p Decreases Esophageal Cancer Cell Proliferation Partially through Repression of Jun-B. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4811. [PMID: 37835506 PMCID: PMC10571772 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-199a-5p has been shown to function as a tumor suppressor in some malignancies but its role in esophageal cancer is poorly understood. To further explore its role in esophageal cancer, we sought to investigate the interaction between miR-199a-5p and Jun-B, an important component of the AP1 transcription factor, which contains a potential binding site for miR-199a-5p in its mRNA. We found that levels of miR-199a-5p are reduced in both human esophageal cancer specimens and in multiple esophageal cancer cell lines compared to esophageal epithelial cells. Jun-B expression is correspondingly elevated in these tumor specimens and in several cell lines compared to esophageal epithelial cells. Jun-B mRNA expression and stability, as well as protein expression, are markedly decreased following miR-199a-5p overexpression. A direct interaction between miR-199a-5p and Jun-B mRNA was confirmed by a biotinylated RNA-pull down assay and luciferase reporter constructs. Either forced expression of miR-199a-5p or Jun-B silencing led to a significant decrease in cellular proliferation as well as in AP-1 promoter activity. Our results provide evidence that miR-199a-5p functions as a tumor suppressor in esophageal cancer cells by regulating cellular proliferation, partially through repression of Jun B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornima Phatak
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Mohan E. Tulapurkar
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Whitney M. Burrows
- Department of Surgery Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - James M. Donahue
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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6
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Ren FJ, Cai XY, Yao Y, Fang GY. JunB: a paradigm for Jun family in immune response and cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1222265. [PMID: 37731821 PMCID: PMC10507257 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1222265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Jun B proto-oncogene (JunB) is a crucial member of dimeric activator protein-1 (AP-1) complex, which plays a significant role in various physiological processes, such as placental formation, cardiovascular development, myelopoiesis, angiogenesis, endochondral ossification and epidermis tissue homeostasis. Additionally, it has been reported that JunB has great regulatory functions in innate and adaptive immune responses by regulating the differentiation and cytokine secretion of immune cells including T cells, dendritic cells and macrophages, while also facilitating the effector of neutrophils and natural killer cells. Furthermore, a growing body of studies have shown that JunB is involved in tumorigenesis through regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, senescence and metastasis, particularly affecting the tumor microenvironment through transcriptional promotion or suppression of oncogenes in tumor cells or immune cells. This review summarizes the physiological function of JunB, its immune regulatory function, and its contribution to tumorigenesis, especially focusing on its regulatory mechanisms within tumor-associated immune processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-jia Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-yu Cai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo-ying Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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7
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Roura AJ, Szadkowska P, Poleszak K, Dabrowski MJ, Ellert-Miklaszewska A, Wojnicki K, Ciechomska IA, Stepniak K, Kaminska B, Wojtas B. Regulatory networks driving expression of genes critical for glioblastoma are controlled by the transcription factor c-Jun and the pre-existing epigenetic modifications. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:29. [PMID: 36850002 PMCID: PMC9972689 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01446-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM, WHO grade IV) is an aggressive, primary brain tumor. Despite extensive tumor resection followed by radio- and chemotherapy, life expectancy of GBM patients did not improve over decades. Several studies reported transcription deregulation in GBMs, but regulatory mechanisms driving overexpression of GBM-specific genes remain largely unknown. Transcription in open chromatin regions is directed by transcription factors (TFs) that bind to specific motifs, recruit co-activators/repressors and the transcriptional machinery. Identification of GBM-related TFs-gene regulatory networks may reveal new and targetable mechanisms of gliomagenesis. RESULTS We predicted TFs-regulated networks in GBMs in silico and intersected them with putative TF binding sites identified in the accessible chromatin in human glioma cells and GBM patient samples. The Cancer Genome Atlas and Glioma Atlas datasets (DNA methylation, H3K27 acetylation, transcriptomic profiles) were explored to elucidate TFs-gene regulatory networks and effects of the epigenetic background. In contrast to the majority of tumors, c-Jun expression was higher in GBMs than in normal brain and c-Jun binding sites were found in multiple genes overexpressed in GBMs, including VIM, FOSL2 or UPP1. Binding of c-Jun to the VIM gene promoter was stronger in GBM-derived cells than in cells derived from benign glioma as evidenced by gel shift and supershift assays. Regulatory regions of the majority of c-Jun targets have distinct DNA methylation patterns in GBMs as compared to benign gliomas, suggesting the contribution of DNA methylation to the c-Jun-dependent gene expression. CONCLUSIONS GBM-specific TFs-gene networks identified in GBMs differ from regulatory pathways attributed to benign brain tumors and imply a decisive role of c-Jun in controlling genes that drive glioma growth and invasion as well as a modulatory role of DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adria-Jaume Roura
- grid.419305.a0000 0001 1943 2944Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Szadkowska
- grid.419305.a0000 0001 1943 2944Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
- grid.13339.3b0000000113287408Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Poleszak
- grid.419305.a0000 0001 1943 2944Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal J. Dabrowski
- grid.425308.80000 0001 2158 4832Institute of Computer Science of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Ellert-Miklaszewska
- grid.419305.a0000 0001 1943 2944Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Wojnicki
- grid.419305.a0000 0001 1943 2944Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona A. Ciechomska
- grid.419305.a0000 0001 1943 2944Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Stepniak
- grid.419305.a0000 0001 1943 2944Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bozena Kaminska
- grid.419305.a0000 0001 1943 2944Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Wojtas
- grid.419305.a0000 0001 1943 2944Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
- grid.419305.a0000 0001 1943 2944Laboratory of Sequencing, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, ul. Ludwika Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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Slavi N, Balasubramanian R, Lee MA, Liapin M, Oaks-Leaf R, Peregrin J, Potenski A, Troy CM, Ross ME, Herrera E, Kosmidis S, John SWM, Mason CA. CyclinD2-mediated regulation of neurogenic output from the retinal ciliary margin is perturbed in albinism. Neuron 2023; 111:49-64.e5. [PMID: 36351424 PMCID: PMC9822872 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In albinism, aberrations in the ipsi-/contralateral retinal ganglion cell (RGC) ratio compromise the functional integrity of the binocular circuit. Here, we focus on the mouse ciliary margin zone (CMZ), a neurogenic niche at the embryonic peripheral retina, to investigate developmental processes regulating RGC neurogenesis and identity acquisition. We found that the mouse ventral CMZ generates predominantly ipsilaterally projecting RGCs, but this output is altered in the albino visual system because of CyclinD2 downregulation and disturbed timing of the cell cycle. Consequently, albino as well as CyclinD2-deficient pigmented mice exhibit diminished ipsilateral retinogeniculate projection and poor depth perception. In albino mice, pharmacological stimulation of calcium channels, known to upregulate CyclinD2 in other cell types, augmented CyclinD2-dependent neurogenesis of ipsilateral RGCs and improved stereopsis. Together, these results implicate CMZ neurogenesis and its regulators as critical for the formation and function of the mammalian binocular circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nefeli Slavi
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Revathi Balasubramanian
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melissa Ann Lee
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Liapin
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Oaks-Leaf
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Peregrin
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna Potenski
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carol Marie Troy
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margaret Elizabeth Ross
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain & Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eloisa Herrera
- Instituto de Neurociencias (CSIC-UMH), Av. Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Stylianos Kosmidis
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simon William Maxwell John
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carol Ann Mason
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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9
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The traditional chinese medicine monomer Ailanthone improves the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-L1 in melanoma cells by targeting c-Jun. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:346. [PMID: 36522774 PMCID: PMC9753288 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02559-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND C-Jun, a critical component of AP-1, exerts essential functions in various tumors, including melanoma, and is believed to be a druggable target for cancer therapy. Unfortunately, no effective c-Jun inhibitors are currently approved for clinical use. The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has brought a paradigm shift in melanoma therapy, but more than half of patients fail to exhibit clinical responses. The exploration of new combination therapies has become the current pursuit of melanoma treatment strategy. This study aims to screen out Chinese herbal monomers that can target c-Jun, explore the combined effect of c-Jun inhibitor and ICI, and further clarify the related molecular mechanism. METHODS: We adopted a combinatorial screening strategy, including molecular docking, ligand-based online approaches and consensus quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model, to filter out c-Jun inhibitors from a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) library. A mouse melanoma model was used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of monotherapy and combination therapy. Multicolor flow cytometry was employed to assess the tumor microenvironment (TME). Multiple in vitro assays were performed to verify down-streaming signaling pathway. CD4 + T-cell differentiation assay was applied to investigate Treg differentiation in vitro. RESULTS Ailanthone (AIL) was screened out as a c-Jun inhibitor, and inhibited melanoma cell growth by directly targeting c-Jun and promoting its degradation. Surprisingly, AIL also facilitated the therapeutic efficacy of anti-programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in melanoma cells by reducing the infiltration of Tregs in TME. Additionally, AIL treatment inhibited c-Jun-induced PD-L1 expression and secretion. As a consequence, Treg differentiation was attenuated after treatment with AIL through the c-Jun/PD-L1 axis. CONCLUSION Our findings identified AIL as a novel c-Jun inhibitor, and revealed its previously unrecognized anti-melanoma effects and the vital role in regulating TME by Treg suppression, which provides a novel combination therapeutic strategy of c-Jun inhibition by AIL with ICI. AIL down-regulates c-Jun by reducing its stability, and inhibits the function of Tregs via AIL-c-Jun-PD-L1 pathway, ultimately suppressing melanoma progression and enhancing the efficacy of anti-PD-L1.
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10
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Pérez-Benavente B, Fathinajafabadi A, de la Fuente L, Gandía C, Martínez-Férriz A, Pardo-Sánchez JM, Milián L, Conesa A, Romero OA, Carretero J, Matthiesen R, Jariel-Encontre I, Piechaczyk M, Farràs R. New roles for AP-1/JUNB in cell cycle control and tumorigenic cell invasion via regulation of cyclin E1 and TGF-β2. Genome Biol 2022; 23:252. [PMID: 36494864 PMCID: PMC9733061 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-022-02800-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND JUNB transcription factor contributes to the formation of the ubiquitous transcriptional complex AP-1 involved in the control of many physiological and disease-associated functions. The roles of JUNB in the control of cell division and tumorigenic processes are acknowledged but still unclear. RESULTS Here, we report the results of combined transcriptomic, genomic, and functional studies showing that JUNB promotes cell cycle progression via induction of cyclin E1 and repression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2 genes. We also show that high levels of JUNB switch the response of TGF-β2 stimulation from an antiproliferative to a pro-invasive one, induce endogenous TGF-β2 production by promoting TGF-β2 mRNA translation, and enhance tumor growth and metastasis in mice. Moreover, tumor genomic data indicate that JUNB amplification associates with poor prognosis in breast and ovarian cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal novel functions for JUNB in cell proliferation and tumor aggressiveness through regulation of cyclin E1 and TGF-β2 expression, which might be exploited for cancer prognosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lorena de la Fuente
- grid.418274.c0000 0004 0399 600XCentro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain ,Present Address: PerkinElmer Informatics, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Gandía
- grid.418274.c0000 0004 0399 600XCentro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Lara Milián
- grid.5338.d0000 0001 2173 938XDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain ,grid.429003.c0000 0004 7413 8491INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Conesa
- grid.507638.fSpanish National Research Council, Institute for Integrative Systems Biology, Paterna, Valencia, Spain ,grid.15276.370000 0004 1936 8091Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Octavio A. Romero
- grid.429289.cCancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julián Carretero
- grid.5338.d0000 0001 2173 938XDepartament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rune Matthiesen
- grid.10772.330000000121511713Computational and Experimental Biology Group, NOVA Medical School-Research, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Isabelle Jariel-Encontre
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France ,grid.488845.d0000 0004 0624 6108Present address: IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marc Piechaczyk
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Rosa Farràs
- grid.418274.c0000 0004 0399 600XCentro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
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11
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E2F1-initiated transcription of PRSS22 promotes breast cancer metastasis by cleaving ANXA1 and activating FPR2/ERK signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:982. [PMID: 36414640 PMCID: PMC9681780 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05414-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor in women worldwide. Metastasis is the main cause of BC-related death. The specific mechanism underlying BC metastasis remains obscure. Recently, PRSS22 was discovered to be involved in tumor development, however, its detailed biological function and regulatory mechanism in BC are unclear. Here, we characterized that PRSS22 expression is upregulated in BC tissues compared with non-tumorous breast tissues. Dual luciferase assays, bioinformatics analyses and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays indicated that transcription factor E2F1 directly binds to the PRSS22 promoter region and activates its transcription. Functionally, upregulation of PRSS22 promoted invasion and metastasis of BC cells in vitro and in vivo, whereas knockdown of PRSS22 inhibited its function. Mechanistically, the combination of PRSS22 and ANXA1 protein in BC cells was first screened by protein mass spectrometry analysis, and then confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and western blot assays. Co-overexpression of PRSS22 and ANXA1 could promote BC cell migration and invasion. We further demonstrated that PRSS22 promotes the cleavage of ANXA1 and in turn generates an N-terminal peptide, which initiates the FPR2/ERK signaling axis to increase BC aggressiveness.
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12
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Kumar P, Soory A, Mustfa SA, Sarmah DT, Devvanshi H, Chatterjee S, Bossis G, Ratnaparkhi GS, Srikanth CV. Bidirectional regulation between AP-1 and SUMO genes modulates inflammatory signalling during Salmonella infection. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:276158. [PMID: 35904007 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as SUMOylation, are known to modulate fundamental processes of a cell. Infectious agents such as Salmonella Typhimurium (STm) that causes gastroenteritis, utilizes PTM mechanism SUMOylation to highjack host cell. STm suppresses host SUMO-pathway genes Ubc9 and PIAS1 to perturb SUMOylation for an efficient infection. In the present study, the regulation of SUMO-pathway genes during STm infection was investigated. A direct binding of c-Fos, a component of AP-1 (Activator Protein-1), to promoters of both UBC9 and PIAS1 was observed. Experimental perturbation of c-Fos led to changes in expression of both Ubc9 and PIAS1. STm infection of fibroblasts with SUMOylation deficient c-Fos (c-FOS-KOSUMO-def-FOS) resulted in uncontrolled activation of target genes, resulting in massive immune activation. Infection of c-FOS-KOSUMO-def-FOS cells favored STm replication, indicating misdirected immune mechanisms. Finally, chromatin Immuno-precipitation assays confirmed a context dependent differential binding and release of AP-1 to/from target genes due to its Phosphorylation and SUMOylation respectively. Overall, our data point towards existence of a bidirectional cross-talk between c-Fos and the SUMO pathway and highlighting its importance in AP-1 function relevant to STm infection and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pharvendra Kumar
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3rd milestone Gurgaon Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad, India.,Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneshwar, India
| | | | | | - Dipanka Tanu Sarmah
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, 3rd milestone Gurgaon Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad, India
| | - Himadri Devvanshi
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, 3rd milestone Gurgaon Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad, India
| | - Samrat Chatterjee
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, 3rd milestone Gurgaon Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad, India
| | - Guillaume Bossis
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | - C V Srikanth
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3rd milestone Gurgaon Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad, India
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13
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Brown MA, Ried T. Shifting the Focus of Signaling Abnormalities in Colon Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:784. [PMID: 35159051 PMCID: PMC8834070 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer tumorigenesis occurs incrementally. The process involves the acquisition of mutations which typically follow an established pattern: activation of WNT signaling, activation of RAS signaling, and inhibition of TGF-β signaling. This arrangement recapitulates, to some degree, the stem cell niche of the intestinal epithelium, which maintains WNT and EGF activity while suppressing TGF-β. The resemblance between the intestinal stem cell environment and colon cancer suggests that the concerted activity of these pathways generates and maintains a potent growth-inducing stimulus. However, each pathway has a myriad of downstream targets, making it difficult to identify which aspects of these pathways are drivers. To address this, we utilize the cell cycle, the ultimate regulator of cell proliferation, as a foundation for cross-pathway integration. We attempt to generate an overview of colon cancer signaling patterns by integrating the major colon cancer signaling pathways in the context of cell replication, specifically, the entrance from G1 into S-phase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Ried
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
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14
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Dan W, Zhong L, Yu L, Xiong L, Li J, Ye J, Luo X, Liu C, Chu X, Liu B. Skp2 promotes APL progression through the stabilization of oncoprotein PML-RARα and the inhibition of JunB expression. Life Sci 2022; 289:120231. [PMID: 34921867 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the role of Skp2 and JunB on acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) progression and the related mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of Skp2 in NB4 cell line was depleted to explore its effect on proliferation and differentiation both in vitro and in vivo assays. Western blot and quantitative RT-PCR analysis were performed to explore Skp2-regulated downstream target genes. Luciferase and co-immunoprecipitation analysis indicated that PML-RARα inhibited the transactivation of JunB by interacting with the PU.1 protein. The western blot analysis confirmed that Skp2 could maintain the stability of PML-RARα. KEY FINDINGS We report that the progression of APL and the attenuation of APL sensitivity to ATRA are positively associated with Skp2. Elevated Skp2 expression promotes APL progression by decreasing the expression of lncRNA HOTAIRM1 and inactivation of GSK3β, causing autophagy inhibition followed by the suppression of PML-RARα ubiquitylation and degradation, which represses JunB transcriptional activation through PU.1/PML-RARα transcriptional complex to block cell differentiation. Coupled with ATRA or GSK3β inhibitor treatment, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of Skp2 strikingly induces JunB expression by accelerating the degradation of PML-RARα, which contributes to the eradication of APL. Additionally, the expressions of Skp2 and JunB are negatively correlated in mice subcutaneous leukemia xenograft tumors. SIGNIFICANCE Collectively, this study uncovers the roles of Skp2 in PML-RARα stabilization and in APL oncogenic functions. We reveal a novel mechanism of PML-RARα degradation and JunB regulation that constitute an important signaling network of Skp2-GSK3β-PML/RARα-JunB.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Protein Stability
- S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins/genetics
- S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/biosynthesis
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcriptional Activation
- U937 Cells
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenran Dan
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Liang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lihua Yu
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Ling Xiong
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jiao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xu Luo
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xuan Chu
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Beizhong Liu
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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15
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Helmrich N, Roderfeld M, Baier A, Windhorst A, Herebian D, Mayatepek E, Dierkes C, Ocker M, Glebe D, Christ B, Churin Y, Irungbam K, Roeb E. Pharmacologic Antagonization of Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Improves Cholestasis in Abcb4 -/- Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 13:1041-1055. [PMID: 34954190 PMCID: PMC8873597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The endocannabinoid system is involved in the modulation of inflammatory, fibrotic, metabolic, and carcinogenesis-associated signaling pathways via cannabinoid receptor (CB)1 and CB2. We hypothesized that the pharmacologic antagonization of CB1 receptor improves cholestasis in Abcb4-/- mice. METHODS After weaning, male Abcb4-/- mice were treated orally with rimonabant (a specific antagonist of CB1) or ACEA (an agonist of CB1) until up to 16 weeks of age. Liver tissue and serum were isolated and examined by means of serum analysis, quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme function. Untreated Abcb4-/- and Bagg Albino Mouse/c wild-type mice served as controls. RESULTS Cholestasis-induced symptoms such as liver damage, bile duct proliferation, and enhanced circulating bile acids were improved by CB1 antagonization. Rimonabant treatment also improved Phosphoenolpyruvat-Carboxykinase expression and reduced inflammation and the acute-phase response. The carcinogenesis-associated cellular-Jun N-terminal kinase/cellular-JUN and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathways activated in Abcb4-/- mice were reduced to wild-type level by CB1 antagonization. CONCLUSIONS We showed a protective effect of oral CB1 antagonization in chronic cholestasis using the established Abcb4-/- model. Our results suggest that pharmacologic antagonization of the CB1 receptor could have a therapeutic benefit in cholestasis-associated metabolic changes, liver damage, inflammation, and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anne Baier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anita Windhorst
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Dierkes
- Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum for Pathology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Trier, Germany
| | - Matthias Ocker
- Institute for Surgical Research, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Dieter Glebe
- Institute of Medical Virology, National Reference Centre for Hepatitis B Viruses and Hepatitis D Viruses, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bruno Christ
- Applied Molecular Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yuri Churin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Elke Roeb
- Department of Gastroenterology, Giessen, Germany,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Elke Roeb, MD, MHAC, Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, University Hospital Universitätsklinikum Giessen und Marburg (UKGM), Klinikstrasse 33, 35392 Giessen, Germany. fax: (49) 641-985-42339.
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16
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Zeng H, Wang L, Li J, Luo S, Han Q, Su F, Wei J, Wei X, Wu J, Li B, Huang J, Tang P, Cao C, Zhou Y, Yang Q. Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals distinct immune cell subsets and signaling pathways in IgA nephropathy. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:203. [PMID: 34895340 PMCID: PMC8665497 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00706-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis globally. Increasing evidence suggests the importance of host immunity in the development of IgAN, but its dynamics during the early stage of IgAN are still largely unclear. RESULTS Here we successfully resolved the early transcriptomic changes in immune cells of IgAN by conducting single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) with peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between control and IgAN were predominantly enriched in NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity and cell killing pathways. Interestingly, we discovered that the number and cytotoxicity of NK cells are significantly reduced in IgAN patients, where both the number and marker genes of NK cells were negatively associated with the clinical parameters, including the levels of urine protein creatinine ratio (UPCR), serum galactose-deficient IgA1 and IgA. A distinctive B cell subset, which had suppressed NFκB signaling was predominantly in IgAN and positively associated with disease progression. Moreover, the DEGs of B cells were enriched in different viral infection pathways. Classical monocytes also significantly changed in IgAN and a monocyte subset expressing interferon-induced genes was positively associated with the clinical severity of IgAN. Finally, we identified vast dynamics in intercellular communications in IgAN. CONCLUSIONS We dissected the immune landscape of IgAN at the single-cell resolution, which provides new insights in developing novel biomarkers and immunotherapy against glomerulonephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghui Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Le Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Siweier Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianqian Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaona Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Li
- Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Patrick Tang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chunwei Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yiming Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qiongqiong Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
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17
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Nguyen HT, Najih M, Martin LJ. The AP-1 family of transcription factors are important regulators of gene expression within Leydig cells. Endocrine 2021; 74:498-507. [PMID: 34599696 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02888-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Members of the AP-1 family of transcription factors are immediate early genes being modulated by different extracellular signals. The aim of this review is to highlight the important roles of AP-1 members in transcriptional regulation of genes important for testicular Leydig cell function and male testosterone production. METHODS A search of the relevant literature was performed in Google Scholar and NCBI Pubmed for AP-1 members and Leydig cells. Additional information was accessed from references of relevant articles. Only primary data from original peer-reviewed articles was considered for this review. RESULTS Different signaling pathways important for Leydig cells' functions are involved in the regulation of the activity of AP-1 members. These transcription factors participate in the regulation of genes related to different biological processes important for Leydig cells. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that members of the AP-1 family of transcription factors play critical roles in the regulation of Leydig cell proliferation, steroidogenesis, and cell-to-cell communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Tuyen Nguyen
- Biology Department, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Mustapha Najih
- Biology Department, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Luc J Martin
- Biology Department, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada.
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18
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Hosoya T, Saito T, Baba H, Tanaka N, Noda S, Komiya Y, Tagawa Y, Yamamoto A, Mizoguchi F, Kawahata K, Miyasaka N, Kohsaka H, Yasuda S. Chondroprotective effects of CDK4/6 inhibition via enhanced ubiquitin-dependent degradation of JUN in synovial fibroblasts. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 61:3427-3438. [PMID: 34849618 PMCID: PMC9348617 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Targeting synovial fibroblasts (SF) using a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor (CDKI) could be a potent therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) via inhibition of proliferation and MMP-3 production. This study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of chondroprotective effects on SFs by CDK 4/6 inhibition. METHODS CDK4/6 activity was inhibited using CDKI treatment or enhanced by adenoviral gene transduction. Chondroprotective effects were evaluated using a collagen induced arthritis model (CIA). Gene and protein expression were evaluated with quantitative PCR, ELISA, and Western blotting. The binding of nuclear extracts to DNA was assessed with an electrophoresis mobility shift assay. RNA-Seq was performed to identify gene sets affected by CDKI treatment. RESULTS CDKI attenuated cartilage destruction and MMP-3 production in CIA. In RASFs, CDKI impaired the binding of AP-1 components to DNA and inhibited the production of MMP-1 and MMP-3, which contain the AP-1 binding sequence in their promoter. CDK4/6 protected JUN from proteasome-dependent degradation by inhibiting ubiquitination. The RNA-Seq analysis identified CDKI-sensitive inflammatory genes, which were associated with the pathway of RA-associated genes, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and IL-17 signalling. Notably, the AP-1 motif was enriched in these genes. CONCLUSION The mechanism of chondroprotective effects by CDK4/6 inhibition was achieved by the attenuation of AP-1 transcriptional activity via the impaired stability of JUN. Since the pharmacologic inhibition of CDK4/6 has been established as tolerable in cancer treatment, it could also be beneficial in patients with RA due to its chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Hosoya
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Saito
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Baba
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nao Tanaka
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Noda
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Youji Komiya
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tagawa
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akio Yamamoto
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Mizoguchi
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kimito Kawahata
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Miyasaka
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kohsaka
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Yasuda
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Le J, Ji H, Zhou X, Wei X, Chen Y, Fu Y, Ma Y, Han Q, Sun Y, Gao Y, Wu H. Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Metabolism of Sennoside A, A Medicinal Plant-Derived Natural Compound. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:714586. [PMID: 34764866 PMCID: PMC8576406 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.714586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sennoside A (SA) is a natural dianthrone glycoside mainly from medicinal plants of Senna and Rhubarb, and used as a folk traditional irritant laxative and slimming health food. Accumulating evidences suggest that SA possesses numerous pharmacological properties, such as laxative, anti-obesity, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, and anti-neurodegenerative activities. These pharmacological effects lay the foundation for its potential application in treating a variety of diseases. However, numerous published studies suggest that a long-term use of SA in large doses may have some adverse effects, including the occurrence of melanosis coli and carcinogenesis of colon cancer, thereby limiting its clinical use. It remains to be established whether SA or its metabolites are responsible for the pharmacological and toxicity effects. In this review, the latest advances in the pharmacology, toxicology, and metabolism of SA were summarizedbased on its biological characteristics and mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Le
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Houlin Ji
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhou
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xindong Wei
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated 81st Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Ma
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuqin Han
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongning Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueqiu Gao
- Department of Liver Diseases, Central Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Immunology, ShuGuang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailong Wu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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20
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Fukutin Protein Participates in Cell Proliferation by Enhancing Cyclin D1 Expression through Binding to the Transcription Factor Activator Protein-1: An In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212153. [PMID: 34830034 PMCID: PMC8622492 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The causative gene of Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy (fukutin) is involved in formation of the basement membrane through glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan. However, there are other proposed functions that have not been fully understood. Using cultured astrocytes (1321N1), we found nuclear localization of fukutin and a positive relationship between fukutin expression and cell proliferation. Among potential proteins regulating cell proliferation, we focused on cyclin D1, by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, immunocytochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and sandwich ELISA. Expression of cyclin D1 was significantly downregulated by fukutin knockdown and significantly upregulated by fukutin overexpression. Moreover, fukutin was proven to bind to the activator protein-1 (AP-1) binding site of cyclin D1 promoter, as well as the AP-1 component c-Jun. The c-Jun phosphorylation status was not significantly influenced by knockdown or overexpression of fukutin. The present results provide in vitro evidence for a novel function of fukutin, which participates in cell proliferation by enhancing cyclin D1 expression through forming a complex with AP-1. It is likely that fukutin is a potential cofactor of AP-1.
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21
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Zhang W, Wang R, Giesy JP, Zhang S, Wei S, Wang P. Proteomic analysis using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification technology reveals mechanisms of toxic effects of tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate on RAW264.7 macrophage cells. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 42:190-202. [PMID: 34036598 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) is one of the most commonly used organophosphorus flame retardants. Immuno-toxicity induced by TDCIPP is becoming of increasing concern. However, effects of TDCIPP on immune cells and mechanisms resulting in those effects are poorly understood. In this study, it was determined, for the first time, by use of isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) based proteomic techniques expression of global proteins in RAW264.7 cells exposed to 10 μM TDCIPP. A total of 180 significantly differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified. Of these, 127 were up-regulated and 53 were down-regulated. The DEPs associated with toxic effects of TDCIPP were then screened by use of Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes for enrichment analysis. Results showed that these DEPs were involved in a number of pathways including apoptosis, DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, immune-toxicity, and signaling pathways, such as the Toll-like receptor, PPAR and p53 signaling pathways. The complex regulatory relationships between different DEPs, which might play an important role in cell death were also observed in the form of a protein-protein interaction network. Meanwhile, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in RAW264.7 cells after TDCIPP treatment was also analyzed, the collapse of the MMP was speculated to play an important role in TDCIPP induced apoptosis. Moreover, some of the important regulator proteins discovered in this study, such as Chk1, Aurora A, would provide novel insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in toxic responses to TDCIPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiguo Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - John P Giesy
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,Department of Zoology and Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.,Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Su Zhang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shulin Wei
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peilong Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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22
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Yoshitomi Y, Ikeda T, Saito-Takatsuji H, Yonekura H. Emerging Role of AP-1 Transcription Factor JunB in Angiogenesis and Vascular Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062804. [PMID: 33802099 PMCID: PMC8000613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels are essential for the formation and maintenance of almost all functional tissues. They play fundamental roles in the supply of oxygen and nutrition, as well as development and morphogenesis. Vascular endothelial cells are the main factor in blood vessel formation. Recently, research findings showed heterogeneity in vascular endothelial cells in different tissue/organs. Endothelial cells alter their gene expressions depending on their cell fate or angiogenic states of vascular development in normal and pathological processes. Studies on gene regulation in endothelial cells demonstrated that the activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factors are implicated in angiogenesis and vascular development. In particular, it has been revealed that JunB (a member of the AP-1 transcription factor family) is transiently induced in endothelial cells at the angiogenic frontier and controls them on tip cells specification during vascular development. Moreover, JunB plays a role in tissue-specific vascular maturation processes during neurovascular interaction in mouse embryonic skin and retina vasculatures. Thus, JunB appears to be a new angiogenic factor that induces endothelial cell migration and sprouting particularly in neurovascular interaction during vascular development. In this review, we discuss the recently identified role of JunB in endothelial cells and blood vessel formation.
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23
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Zhang H, Zhang R, Zheng X, Sun M, Fan J, Fang C, Tian X, Zheng H. BACH2-mediated FOS confers cytarabine resistance via stromal microenvironment alterations in pediatric ALL. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:1235-1250. [PMID: 33393145 PMCID: PMC7935781 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is an aggressive hematological cancer that mainly affects children. Relapse and chemoresistance result in treatment failure, underlining the need for improved therapies. BTB and CNC homology 2 (BACH2) is a lymphoid-specific transcription repressor recognized as a tumor suppressor in lymphomas, but little is known about its function and regulatory network in pediatric ALL (p-ALL). Herein, we found aberrant BACH2 expression at new diagnosis not only facilitated risk stratification of p-ALL but also served as a sensitive predictor of early treatment response and clinical outcome. Silencing BACH2 in ALL cells increased cell proliferation and accelerated cell cycle progression. BACH2 blockade also promoted cell adhesion to bone marrow stromal cells and conferred cytarabine (Ara-C)-resistant properties to leukemia cells by altering stromal microenvironment. Strikingly, we identified FOS, a transcriptional activator competing with BACH2, as a novel downstream target repressed by BACH2. Blocking FOS by chemical compounds enhanced the effect of Ara-C treatment in both primary p-ALL cells and pre-B-ALL-driven leukemia xenografts and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. These data highlight an interconnected network of BACH2-FOS, disruption of which could render current chemotherapies more effective and offer a promising therapeutic strategy to overcome Ara-C resistance in p-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Institute of Medical BiologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeKunmingChina
| | - Ruidong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology OncologyNational Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University)Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenMinistry of EducationHematology Oncology CenterBeijing Children’s HospitalNational Center for Children’s HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xueling Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology OncologyNational Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University)Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenMinistry of EducationHematology Oncology CenterBeijing Children’s HospitalNational Center for Children’s HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ming Sun
- Institute of Medical BiologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeKunmingChina
| | - Jia Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology OncologyNational Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University)Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenMinistry of EducationHematology Oncology CenterBeijing Children’s HospitalNational Center for Children’s HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chunlian Fang
- Department of Hematology and OncologyKunming Children’s Hospital (Children’s Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Children’s Medical Center)KunmingChina
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Hematology and OncologyKunming Children’s Hospital (Children’s Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Children’s Medical Center)KunmingChina
| | - Huyong Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology OncologyNational Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University)Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenMinistry of EducationHematology Oncology CenterBeijing Children’s HospitalNational Center for Children’s HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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24
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Pawlonka J, Rak B, Ambroziak U. The regulation of cyclin D promoters - review. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2021; 27:100338. [PMID: 33618151 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2021.100338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cyclins are key regulators of cell cycle progression and survival. Particularly cyclins D (cyclin D1, D2, and D3) act in response to the mitogenic stimulation and are pivotal mediators between proliferative pathways and the nuclear cell cycle machinery. Dysregulation of cyclins expression results in impaired development, abnormal cell growth or tumorigenesis. In this review we summarize current knowledge about regulatory role of the cyclin D promoters, transcriptional factors: regulators, co-activators and adaptor proteins necessary to their activation. We focused on the intracellular signaling pathways vital to cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis including transcription factor families: activator protein 1 (AP1), nuclear factor (NFκB), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and Sp/NF-Y, with a special insight into the tissue specific cyclin representation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Pawlonka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw
| | - Beata Rak
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw; Department of Genomic Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw.
| | - Urszula Ambroziak
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw
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25
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Fan F, Malvestiti S, Vallet S, Lind J, Garcia-Manteiga JM, Morelli E, Jiang Q, Seckinger A, Hose D, Goldschmidt H, Stadlbauer A, Sun C, Mei H, Pecherstorfer M, Bakiri L, Wagner EF, Tonon G, Sattler M, Hu Y, Tassone P, Jaeger D, Podar K. JunB is a key regulator of multiple myeloma bone marrow angiogenesis. Leukemia 2021; 35:3509-3525. [PMID: 34007044 PMCID: PMC8632680 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01271-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) angiogenesis significantly influences disease progression in multiple myeloma (MM) patients and correlates with adverse prognosis. The present study shows a statistically significant correlation of the AP-1 family member JunB with VEGF, VEGFB, and IGF1 expression levels in MM. In contrast to the angiogenic master regulator Hif-1α, JunB protein levels were independent of hypoxia. Results in tumor-cell models that allow the induction of JunB knockdown or JunB activation, respectively, corroborated the functional role of JunB in the production and secretion of these angiogenic factors (AFs). Consequently, conditioned media derived from MM cells after JunB knockdown or JunB activation either inhibited or stimulated in vitro angiogenesis. The impact of JunB on MM BM angiogenesis was finally confirmed in a dynamic 3D model of the BM microenvironment, a xenograft mouse model as well as in patient-derived BM sections. In summary, in continuation of our previous study (Fan et al., 2017), the present report reveals for the first time that JunB is not only a mediator of MM cell survival, proliferation, and drug resistance, but also a promoter of AF transcription and consequently of MM BM angiogenesis. Our results thereby underscore worldwide efforts to target AP-1 transcription factors such as JunB as a promising strategy in MM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Fan
- grid.412839.50000 0004 1771 3250Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefano Malvestiti
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sonia Vallet
- grid.488547.2Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria ,grid.459693.4Molecular Oncology and Hematology Unit, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Judith Lind
- grid.459693.4Molecular Oncology and Hematology Unit, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Jose Manuel Garcia-Manteiga
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Eugenio Morelli
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Qinyue Jiang
- grid.412839.50000 0004 1771 3250Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Anja Seckinger
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Laboratory of Hematology and Immunology & Laboratory for Myeloma Research, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Belgium, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dirk Hose
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Laboratory of Hematology and Immunology & Laboratory for Myeloma Research, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Belgium, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Stadlbauer
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Neurosurgery, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany ,grid.459693.4Institute of Medical Radiology, University Hospital St. Pölten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Chunyan Sun
- grid.412839.50000 0004 1771 3250Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Mei
- grid.412839.50000 0004 1771 3250Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Martin Pecherstorfer
- grid.488547.2Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Latifa Bakiri
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Genes & Disease Group, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna (MUW), Vienna, Austria
| | - Erwin F. Wagner
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Genes & Disease Group, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna (MUW), Vienna, Austria ,grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Genes & Disease Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna (MUW), Vienna, Austria
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy ,grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Experimental Oncology Division, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Martin Sattler
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Yu Hu
- grid.412839.50000 0004 1771 3250Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Dirk Jaeger
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Podar
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.488547.2Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria ,grid.459693.4Molecular Oncology and Hematology Unit, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
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Porcelli L, Mazzotta A, Garofoli M, Di Fonte R, Guida G, Guida M, Tommasi S, Azzariti A. Active notch protects MAPK activated melanoma cell lines from MEK inhibitor cobimetinib. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 133:111006. [PMID: 33202284 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The crosstalk between Notch and MAPK pathway plays a role in MEK inhibitor resistance in BRAFV600E metastatic melanoma (MM) and promotes migration in GNAQQ209L uveal melanoma (UM) cells. We determined the cytotoxicity of combinatorial inhibition of MEK and Notch by cobimetinib and γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) nirogacestat, in BRAFV600E and BRAF wt MM and GNAQQ209L UM cells displaying different Erk1/2 and Notch activation status, with the aim to elucidate the impact of Notch signaling in the response to MEK inhibitor. Overall the combination was synergic in BRAFV600E MM and GNAQQ209L UM cells and antagonistic in BRAF wt one. Focusing on UM cells, we found that cobimetinib resulted in G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis induction, whereas the combination with GSI increased treatment efficacy by inducing a senescent-like state of cells and by blocking migration towards liver cancer cells. Mechanistically, this was reflected in a strong reduction of cyclin D1, in the inactivation of retinoblastoma protein and in the increase of p27KIP1 expression levels. Of note, each drug alone prevented Notch signaling activation resulting in inhibition of c-jun(Ser63) and Hes-1 expression. The combination achieved the strongest inhibition on Notch signaling and on both c-jun(Ser63) and Erk1/2 activation level. In conclusion we unveiled a coordinate action of MAPK and Notch signaling in promoting proliferation of BRAFV600E MM and GNAQQ209L UM cells. Remarkably, the simultaneous inhibition of MEK and Notch signaling highlighted a role for the second pathway in protecting cells against senescence in GNAQQ209L UM cells treated with the MEK inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Porcelli
- Experimental Pharmacology Laboratory, Italia, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Roberta Di Fonte
- Experimental Pharmacology Laboratory, Italia, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Gabriella Guida
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, P.zza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Tommasi
- Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenetics Unit IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" di Bari, Italia, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Amalia Azzariti
- Experimental Pharmacology Laboratory, Italia, 70124, Bari, Italy.
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Brennan A, Leech JT, Kad NM, Mason JM. Selective antagonism of cJun for cancer therapy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:184. [PMID: 32917236 PMCID: PMC7488417 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01686-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The activator protein-1 (AP-1) family of transcription factors modulate a diverse range of cellular signalling pathways into outputs which can be oncogenic or anti-oncogenic. The transcription of relevant genes is controlled by the cellular context, and in particular by the dimeric composition of AP-1. Here, we describe the evidence linking cJun in particular to a range of cancers. This includes correlative studies of protein levels in patient tumour samples and mechanistic understanding of the role of cJun in cancer cell models. This develops an understanding of cJun as a focal point of cancer-altered signalling which has the potential for therapeutic antagonism. Significant work has produced a range of small molecules and peptides which have been summarised here and categorised according to the binding surface they target within the cJun-DNA complex. We highlight the importance of selectively targeting a single AP-1 family member to antagonise known oncogenic function and avoid antagonism of anti-oncogenic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Brennan
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - James T Leech
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK
| | - Neil M Kad
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK
| | - Jody M Mason
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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Guo Y, Wang L, Gou R, Tang L, Liu P. Noncoding RNAs in peritoneal fibrosis: Background, Mechanism, and Therapeutic Approach. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110385. [PMID: 32768932 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) is the main reason for patients to withdraw from peritoneal dialysis, while the mechanism underlying PF remains unclear. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the regulatory roles of different classes of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in PF. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which belong to a distinct class of ncRNAs, play crucial roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Studies have suggested that miRNAs play important roles in the pathogenesis of PF and have the potential to be used as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for PF in the future. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have raised much attention in the recent years, which are involved in the pathophysiological processes of many diseases, including tumors, heart diseases and so on. Recently, some researchers have begun to notice the roles of lncRNAs in PF, and found that lncRNAs play certain roles in the pathogenesis of PF. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been proven to be participated in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including tumor metastasis, organ fibrosis and so on. However, studies on the correlation of circRNAs and PF are rather poor compared with miRNAs and lncRNAs. In this review, we will focus on the findings of ncRNAs in peritoneal dialysis therapy and discuss the rising interests in ncRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic targets of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Guo
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Liuwei Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Rong Gou
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China.
| | - Peipei Liu
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China.
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29
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KLF4-mediated upregulation of CD9 and CD81 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma development via JNK signaling. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:299. [PMID: 32350244 PMCID: PMC7190708 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2479-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tetraspanins CD9 and CD81 frequently serve as the surface markers of exosomes, which are involved in intercellular communication during tumor progression. KLF4 is a well-known tumor suppressor in various cancers. This study aims to investigate the relationship between KLF4 and CD9/CD81 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The results showed that CD9 and CD81 were transcriptionally activated by KLF4 in HCC cell lines. Decreased expressions of CD9 and CD81 were found in most HCC tumor tissues and predicted advanced stages. Furthermore, KLF4 expression was positively associated with CD9 and CD81 expression in HCC specimens. Functionally, overexpression of CD9 and CD81 inhibited HCC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo and silencing CD9 and CD81 displayed opposite phenotypes. Mechanistically, we found that JNK signaling pathway may be involved in the growth suppression mediated by CD9 and CD81. In addition, increased expression of KLF4, CD9 or CD81 had no obvious impact on exosome secretion from HCC cells. Collectively, we identified CD9 and CD81 as new transcriptional targets of KLF4 and the dysregulated KLF4-CD9/CD81-JNK signaling contributes to HCC development. Our findings will provide new promising targets against this disease.
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30
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Hammouda MB, Ford AE, Liu Y, Zhang JY. The JNK Signaling Pathway in Inflammatory Skin Disorders and Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:E857. [PMID: 32252279 PMCID: PMC7226813 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), with its members JNK1, JNK2, and JNK3, is a subfamily of (MAPK) mitogen-activated protein kinases. JNK signaling regulates a wide range of cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, apoptosis, and inflammation. Dysregulation of JNK pathway is associated with a wide range of immune disorders and cancer. Our objective is to provide a review of JNK proteins and their upstream regulators and downstream effector molecules in common skin disorders, including psoriasis, dermal fibrosis, scleroderma, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel B. Hammouda
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (M.B.H.); (A.E.F.); (Y.L.)
| | - Amy E. Ford
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (M.B.H.); (A.E.F.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (M.B.H.); (A.E.F.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jennifer Y. Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (M.B.H.); (A.E.F.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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31
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Wang T, Ye X, Bian W, Chen Z, Du J, Li M, Zhou P, Cui H, Ding YQ, Qi S, Liao M, Sun C. Allopregnanolone Modulates GABAAR-Dependent CaMKIIδ3 and BDNF to Protect SH-SY5Y Cells Against 6-OHDA-Induced Damage. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 13:569. [PMID: 31998078 PMCID: PMC6970471 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Allopregnanolone (APα), as a functional neurosteroid, exhibits the neuroprotective effect on neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) through γ-aminobutyric acid A receptor (GABAAR), but it has not been completely understood about its molecular mechanisms. In order to investigate the neuroprotective effect of APα, as well as to clarify its possible molecular mechanisms, SH-SY5Y neuronal cell lines were incubated with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), which has been widely used as an in vitro model for PD, along with APα alone or in combination with GABAAR antagonist (bicuculline, Bic), intracellular Ca2+ chelator (EGTA) and voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channel blocker (Nifedipine). The viability, proliferation, and differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells, the expression levels of calmodulin (CaM), Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II δ3 (CaMKIIδ3), cyclin-dependent kinase-1 (CDK1) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), as well as the interaction between CaMKIIδ3 and CDK1 or BDNF, were detected by morphological and molecular biological methodology. Our results found that the cell viability and the number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and TH/BrdU-positive cells in 6-OHDA-treated SH-SY5Y cells were significantly decreased with the concomitant reduction in the expression levels of aforementioned proteins, which were ameliorated following APα administration. In addition, Bic could further increase the number of TH or BrdU-positive cells as well as the expression levels of aforementioned proteins except for TH/BrdU-double positive cells, while EGTA and Nifedipine could attenuate the expression levels of CaM, CaMKIIδ3 and BDNF. Moreover, there existed a direct interaction between CaMKIIδ3 and CDK1 or BDNF. As a result, APα-induced an increase in the number of TH-positive SH-SY5Y cells might be mediated through GABAAR via Ca2+/CaM/CaMKIIδ3/BDNF (CDK1) signaling pathway, which would ultimately facilitate to elucidate PD pathogenesis and hold a promise as an alternative therapeutic target for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Bian
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhichi Chen
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Du
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mengyi Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huairui Cui
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu-Qiang Ding
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shuangshuang Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Min Liao
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chenyou Sun
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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32
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Synthesis of novel S-linked dihydroartemisinin derivatives and evaluation of their anticancer activity. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 178:552-570. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kappelmann-Fenzl M, Gebhard C, Matthies AO, Kuphal S, Rehli M, Bosserhoff AK. C-Jun drives melanoma progression in PTEN wild type melanoma cells. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:584. [PMID: 31378787 PMCID: PMC6680049 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1821-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to the critical impact of active AP-1 transcription factors in melanoma, it is important to define their target genes and to identify and ultimately inhibit oncogenic signals. Here we mapped the genome-wide occupancy of the AP-1 family member c-Jun in different melanoma cells and correlated AP-1 binding with transcriptome data to detect genes in melanoma regulated by c-Jun. Our analysis shows that c-Jun supports the malignant phenotype by deregulating genes in cancer-relevant signaling pathways, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathways. Moreover, we demonstrate that the importance of c-Jun depends on melanoma stage and mutation status of the tumor suppressor PTEN. Our study reveals that activation of c-Jun overrules the tumor suppressive effect of PTEN in early melanoma development. These findings help to understand the relevance of c-Jun within cancer pathways in different melanoma cell types, especially in relation to MAPK and PI3K pathways, which are commonly deregulated in melanomas. Consequently, targeting c-Jun in PTEN+ melanoma cells may represent a promising therapeutic strategy to inhibit survival of melanoma cells to prevent the development of a metastatic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Kappelmann-Fenzl
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Center), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Faculty of Applied Health Care Sciences, University of Applied Science, Deggendorf, Germany
| | - Claudia Gebhard
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), University Regensburg and University Medical Center Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alexander O Matthies
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Center), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Silke Kuphal
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Center), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Rehli
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), University Regensburg and University Medical Center Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anja Katrin Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Center), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)-EMN, Erlangen, Germany.
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34
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Chen J, Jayachandran M, Xu B, Yu Z. Sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) accelerates wound healing: A transition from inflammation to proliferation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 236:263-276. [PMID: 30862523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) has been used for dietary therapy practice for wound healing of puerperal or surgery patients in China. Traditional Chinese medicinal books also documented that sea bass can be used to manage inflammation-associated conditions such as wound, miscarriage and cough. Some studies also proved that dietary supplement with fish benefited for treating many inflammatory - associated conditions, such as cardiovascular disease, ulcerative colitis and hyperlipidemia. However, the studies on the pharmacological mechanisms of wound healing efficacy of sea bass remain lack of investigation. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to investigate the molecular mechanisms of sea bass on wound healing efficacy. Establishing a further justification for clinical application of aqueous extract of sea bass (ASB) in treating wound healing. MATERIALS AND METHODS Transition from inflammation to proliferation phase treated as the critical step in wound repair which were investigated via in vitro and in vivo study. A series of inflammatory mediators associated with wound healing and proliferation effects of fibroblasts upon treatments were studied via Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and scratch assay. The cutaneous wound model was applied on skin wound healing study to observe the healing process in C57BL/6 mice upon ASB treatments. Hematological parameters and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) secretions in serum were determined. Histopathological examinations were conducted by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Masson staining. Immunofluorescence were performed to identify infiltrating neutrophils (MPO) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). RESULTS Results showed that ASB significantly reduced the production of inflammatory mediators cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nitrite oxide (NO) production and TNF-α. The phosphorylation and nuclear protein levels of transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-ĸB) in toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling were decreased by ASB treatment as well. Wound closure rate and cyclin D1 expression level of fibroblasts were significantly increased by ASB treatments. Moreover, cutaneous wound model in C57BL/6 mice presented many similarities in appearance to the process of wound healing. CONCLUSIONS The in vitro study demonstrated an inhibitory effect of ASB on the inflammatory mediators regulated by TLR4 signaling pathways, providing evidence that ASB treatment potentially accelerate the wound healing through migration and proliferation enhancement. Additionally, the in vivo study suggested that ASB treatment has a potential in accelerating the proliferation phase of wound healing via well-organized abundant collagen deposition, angiogenesis and re-epithelialization in wounds. The present findings can be treated as a pharmacological basis for the folk use of sea bass and further studies in biological and medical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Chen
- Programme of Food Science and Technology, Division of Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China; Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Muthukumaran Jayachandran
- Programme of Food Science and Technology, Division of Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Programme of Food Science and Technology, Division of Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China.
| | - Zhiling Yu
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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35
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Elliott B, Millena AC, Matyunina L, Zhang M, Zou J, Wang G, Zhang Q, Bowen N, Eaton V, Webb G, Thompson S, McDonald J, Khan S. Essential role of JunD in cell proliferation is mediated via MYC signaling in prostate cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2019; 448:155-167. [PMID: 30763715 PMCID: PMC6414252 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
JunD, a member of the AP-1 family, is essential for cell proliferation in prostate cancer (PCa) cells. We recently demonstrated that JunD knock-down (KD) in PCa cells results in cell cycle arrest in G1-phase concomitant with a decrease in cyclin D1, Ki67, and c-MYC, but an increase in p21 levels. Furthermore, the over-expression of JunD significantly increased proliferation suggesting JunD regulation of genes required for cell cycle progression. Here, employing gene expression profiling, quantitative proteomics, and validation approaches, we demonstrate that JunD KD is associated with distinct gene and protein expression patterns. Comparative integrative analysis by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) identified 1) cell cycle control/regulation as the top canonical pathway whose members exhibited a significant decrease in their expression following JunD KD including PRDX3, PEA15, KIF2C, and CDK2, and 2) JunD dependent genes are associated with cell proliferation, with MYC as the critical downstream regulator. Conversely, JunD over-expression induced the expression of the above genes including c-MYC. We conclude that JunD is a crucial regulator of cell cycle progression and inhibiting its target genes may be an effective approach to block prostate carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethtrice Elliott
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, 223 James P. Brawley Dr. SW, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Ana Cecilia Millena
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, 223 James P. Brawley Dr. SW, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Lilya Matyunina
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, School of Biological Sciences, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30309, USA
| | - Mengnan Zhang
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, School of Biological Sciences, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30309, USA
| | - Jin Zou
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, 223 James P. Brawley Dr. SW, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Guangdi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA
| | - Nathan Bowen
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, 223 James P. Brawley Dr. SW, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Vanessa Eaton
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, 223 James P. Brawley Dr. SW, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Gabrielle Webb
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, 223 James P. Brawley Dr. SW, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Shadyra Thompson
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, 223 James P. Brawley Dr. SW, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - John McDonald
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, School of Biological Sciences, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30309, USA
| | - Shafiq Khan
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, 223 James P. Brawley Dr. SW, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA.
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Zhang R, Li X, Wei L, Qin Y, Fang J. Lemur tyrosine kinase 2 acts as a positive regulator of NF-κB activation and colon cancer cell proliferation. Cancer Lett 2019; 454:70-77. [PMID: 30980866 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lemur tyrosine kinase 2 (LMTK2) belongs to both protein kinase and tyrosine kinase families. LMTK2 is less studied and little is known about its function. Here we demonstrate that LMTK2 modulates NF-κB activity and functions to promote colonic tumorigenesis. We found that LMTK2 protein was abundant in colon cancer cells and LMTK2 knockdown (LMTK2-KD) inhibited proliferation of colon cancer cells through inactivating NF-κB. In unstimulated condition, LMTK2 modulated NF-κB through inhibiting phosphorylation of p65 at Ser468. Mechanistically, LMTK2 phosphorylated protein phosphatase 1A (PP1A) to prevent PP1A from dephosphorylating p-GSK3β(Ser9). The p-GSK3β(Ser9) could not phosphorylate p65 at Ser468, which maintained the basal NF-κB activity. LMTK2 also modulated TNFα-activated NF-κB. LMTK2-KD repressed TNFα-induced IKKβ phosphorylation, IκBα degradation and NF-κB activation, implying that LMTK2 modulates TNFα-activated NF-κB via IKK. These results suggest that LMTK2 modulates basal and TNFα-induced NF-κB activities in different mechanisms. Animal studies show that LMTK2-KD suppressed colon cancer cell xenograft growth, decreased PP1A phosphorylation and increased p-p65(Ser468). Our results reveal the role and underlying mechanism of LMTK2 in colonic tumorigenesis and suggest that LMTK2 may serve as a potential target for chemotherapy of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xiuxiu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Lumin Wei
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yanqing Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266061, China; Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, 26601, Qingdao, 266061, China.
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37
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Biswas S, Chakrabarti S. Increased Extracellular Matrix Protein Production in Chronic Diabetic Complications: Implications of Non-Coding RNAs. Noncoding RNA 2019; 5:E30. [PMID: 30909482 PMCID: PMC6468528 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna5010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of chronic diabetic complications remains a major medical challenge worldwide. One of the characteristic features of all chronic diabetic complications is augmented production of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Such ECM proteins are deposited in all tissues affected by chronic complications, ultimately causing organ damage and dysfunction. A contributing factor to this pathogenetic process is glucose-induced endothelial damage, which involves phenotypic transformation of endothelial cells (ECs). This phenotypic transition of ECs, from a quiescent state to an activated dysfunctional state, can be mediated through alterations in the synthesis of cellular proteins. In this review, we discussed the roles of non-coding RNAs, specifically microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), in such processes. We further outlined other epigenetic mechanisms regulating the biogenesis and/or function of non-coding RNAs. Overall, we believe that better understanding of such molecular processes may lead to the development of novel biomarkers and therapeutic strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumik Biswas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A5A5, Canada.
| | - Subrata Chakrabarti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A5A5, Canada.
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38
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Vandenberghe LTM, Heindryckx B, Smits K, Popovic M, Szymanska K, Bonte D, Peelman L, Deforce D, De Sutter P, Van Soom A, De Schauwer C. Intracellular localisation of platelet-activating factor during mammalian embryo development in vitro: a comparison of cattle, mouse and human. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 31:658-670. [PMID: 30458920 DOI: 10.1071/rd18146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a well-known marker for embryo quality and viability. For the first time, we describe an intracellular localisation of PAF in oocytes and embryos of cattle, mice and humans. We showed that PAF is represented in the nucleus, a signal that was lost upon nuclear envelope breakdown. This process was confirmed by treating the embryos with nocodazole, a spindle-disrupting agent that, as such, arrests the embryo in mitosis, and by microinjecting a PAF-specific antibody in bovine MII oocytes. The latter resulted in the absence of nuclear PAF in the pronuclei of the zygote and reduced further developmental potential. Previous research indicates that PAF is released and taken up from the culture medium by preimplantation embryos invitro, in which bovine serum albumin (BSA) serves as a crucial carrier molecule. In the present study we demonstrated that nuclear PAF does not originate from an extracellular source because embryos cultured in polyvinylpyrrolidone or BSA showed similar levels of PAF in their nuclei. Instead, our experiments indicate that cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) is likely to be involved in the intracellular production of PAF, because treatment with arachidonyl trifluoromethyl ketone (AACOCF3), a specific cPLA2 inhibitor, clearly lowered PAF levels in the nuclei of bovine embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- L T M Vandenberghe
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - B Heindryckx
- Ghent-Fertility and Stem cell Team (G-FaST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - K Smits
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - M Popovic
- Ghent-Fertility and Stem cell Team (G-FaST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - K Szymanska
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - D Bonte
- Ghent-Fertility and Stem cell Team (G-FaST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - L Peelman
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - D Deforce
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - P De Sutter
- Ghent-Fertility and Stem cell Team (G-FaST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Van Soom
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - C De Schauwer
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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Wang P, Magdolen V, Seidl C, Dorn J, Drecoll E, Kotzsch M, Yang F, Schmitt M, Schilling O, Rockstroh A, Clements JA, Loessner D. Kallikrein-related peptidases 4, 5, 6 and 7 regulate tumour-associated factors in serous ovarian cancer. Br J Cancer 2018; 119:1-9. [PMID: 30287916 PMCID: PMC6189062 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0260-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue kallikrein-related peptidases 4, 5, 6 and 7 (KLK4-7) strongly increase the malignancy of ovarian cancer cells. Deciphering their downstream effectors, we aimed at finding new potential prognostic biomarkers and treatment targets for ovarian cancer patients. KLK4-7-transfected (OV-KLK4-7) and vector-control OV-MZ-6 (OV-VC) ovarian cancer cells were established to select differentially regulated factors. METHODS With three independent approaches, PCR arrays, genome-wide microarray and proteome analyses, we identified 10 candidates (MSN, KRT19, COL5A2, COL1A2, BMP5, F10, KRT7, JUNB, BMP4, MMP1). To determine differential protein expression, we performed western blot analyses, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry for four candidates (MSN, KRT19, KRT7, JUNB) in cells, tumour xenograft and patient-derived tissues. RESULTS We demonstrated that KLK4-7 clearly regulates expression of MSN, KRT19, KRT7 and JUNB at the mRNA and protein levels in ovarian cancer cells and tissues. Protein expression of the top-upregulated effectors, MSN and KRT19, was investigated by immunohistochemistry in patients afflicted with serous ovarian cancer and related to KLK4-7 immunoexpression. Significant positive associations were found for KRT19/KLK4, KRT19/KLK5 and MSN/KLK7. CONCLUSION These findings imply that KLK4-7 exert key modulatory effects on other cancer-related genes and proteins in ovarian cancer. These downstream effectors of KLK4-7, MSN and KRT19 may represent important therapeutic targets in serous ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Viktor Magdolen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christof Seidl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Dorn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Enken Drecoll
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Feng Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Manfred Schmitt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Schilling
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre of Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anja Rockstroh
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Judith Ann Clements
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniela Loessner
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia. .,Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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Chen X, Liu C, Zhao R, Zhao P, Wu J, Zhou N, Ying M. Synergetic and Antagonistic Molecular Effects Mediated by the Feedback Loop of p53 and JNK between Saikosaponin D and SP600125 on Lung Cancer A549 Cells. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:4974-4984. [PMID: 30207732 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We jointly analyzed the changes in cell cycle arrest and distribution, the accumulation of subphase cells, apoptosis, and proliferation in A549 cells treated with Saikosaponin D (Ssd) and JNK inhibitor SP600125 alone or in combination. Our results indicated that cell cycle arrest at G0/G1, S, and G2/M phases was coupled with the accumulation of subG1, subS, and subG2 cells, corresponding to early apoptosis, DNA endoreplication, and later inhibitory proliferation, respectively. Analyzing the expression of 18 cell cycle regulatory genes and JNK and phosphorylated JNK (pJNK) levels revealed an enhancement in these factors by Ssd. Additional SP600125 weakened or eliminated the Ssd-induced increase of these factors except that p53/p21 and Rassfia levels were further improved. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) of the interactions of these factors revealed a negative synergistic effect on apoptosis while a positive synergistic effect on proliferative inhibition of the two drugs: (1) Ssd induced apoptosis via the activation of two axes, TGFα-JNK-p53 and TGFα-Rassfia-Mst1. By eliminating the Ssd-induced increase of JNK/pJNK, additional SP600125 weakened the Ssd-induced apoptotic axis of TGFα-JNK-p53 and simultaneously abolished Ssd-induced apoptosis; (2) Ssd inhibited proliferation by the activation of two axes, TGFβ-p53/p21/p27/p15/p16 and TGFα-Rassfia-cyclin D1. By improving the Ssd-induced increase of p53/p21 and Rassfia, additional SP600125 enhanced the two axes of Ssd-induced inhibitory proliferation. Analyzing JNK/pJNK, p53, phospho-p53, and TNF-α levels revealed an opposite association of JNK/pJNK with p53 while consistent with phospho-p53 and TNF-α, which supported the proposals that JNK/pJNK negatively regulated p53 level, while it mediated p53 phosphorylation to transcriptionally activate TNF-α expression of apoptotic gene and trigger apoptosis. With the multiple roles, JNK/pJNK forms a synergetic and antagonistic feedback loop with phospho-p53/p53. Within the feedback loop, (1) Ssd-induced apoptosis depended on JNK/pJNK activities mediating phospho-p53 that activated TNF-α expression; (2) by weakening the negative regulation of JNK/pJNK in p53, SP600125 enhanced p53 level and the Ssd-induced inhibitory proliferation axes of TGFβ-p53/p21/p27/p15/p16. The results indicated the central coordinating roles of the feedback loop in the synergistic and antagonistic effects of the two drugs in A549 cells and provided a rationale for the combination of Ssd with SP600125 in the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry , Basic Medical College of Nanchang University , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - Chenglin Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry , Basic Medical College of Nanchang University , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - Ruilin Zhao
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry , Basic Medical College of Nanchang University , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry , Basic Medical College of Nanchang University , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - Ju Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry , Basic Medical College of Nanchang University , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - Nanjin Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Medicine , Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - Muying Ying
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry , Basic Medical College of Nanchang University , Nanchang , P. R. China.,Institute of Molecular Medicine , Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences , Nanchang , P. R. China
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Vitorino FNDL, Montoni F, Moreno JN, de Souza BF, Lopes MDC, Cordeiro B, Fonseca CS, Gilmore JM, Sardiu MI, Reis MS, Florens LA, Washburn MP, Armelin HA, da Cunha JPC. FGF2 Antiproliferative Stimulation Induces Proteomic Dynamic Changes and High Expression of FOSB and JUNB in K-Ras-Driven Mouse Tumor Cells. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1800203. [PMID: 30035358 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) is a well-known cell proliferation promoter; however, it can also induce cell cycle arrest. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms of this antiproliferative effect, for the first time, the early systemic proteomic differences induced by this growth factor in a K-Ras-driven mouse tumor cell line using a quantitative proteomics approach are investigated. More than 2900 proteins are quantified, indicating that terms associated with metabolism, RNA processing, replication, and transcription are enriched among proteins differentially expressed upon FGF2 stimulation. Proteomic trend dynamics indicate that, for proteins mainly associated with DNA replication and carbohydrate metabolism, an FGF2 stimulus delays their abundance changes, whereas FGF2 stimulation accelerates other metabolic programs. Transcription regulatory network analysis indicates master regulators of FGF2 stimulation, including two critical transcription factors, FOSB and JUNB. Their expression dynamics, both in the Y1 cell line (a murine model of adenocarcinoma cells) and in two other human cell lines (SK-N-MC and UM-UC-3) also susceptible to FGF2 antiproliferative effects, are investigated. Both protein expression levels depend on fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and src signaling. JUNB and FOSB knockdown do not rescue cells from the growth arrest induced by FGF2; however, FOSB knockdown rescue cells from DNA replication delay, indicating that FOSB expression underlies one of the FGF2 antiproliferative effects, namely, S-phase progression delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Nathalia de Luna Vitorino
- Laboratório Especial de Ciclo Celular - Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling - CeTICS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil
| | - Fabio Montoni
- Laboratório Especial de Ciclo Celular - Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling - CeTICS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Neves Moreno
- Laboratório Especial de Ciclo Celular - Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling - CeTICS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno Ferreira de Souza
- Laboratório Especial de Ciclo Celular - Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling - CeTICS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil
| | - Mariana de Camargo Lopes
- Laboratório Especial de Ciclo Celular - Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling - CeTICS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil
| | - Barbara Cordeiro
- Laboratório Especial de Ciclo Celular - Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling - CeTICS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil
| | - Cecilia Sella Fonseca
- Laboratório Especial de Ciclo Celular - Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling - CeTICS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Joshua M Gilmore
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA
| | - Mihaela I Sardiu
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA
| | - Marcelo Silva Reis
- Laboratório Especial de Ciclo Celular - Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling - CeTICS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil
| | | | - Michael P Washburn
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66045, USA
| | - Hugo Aguirre Armelin
- Laboratório Especial de Ciclo Celular - Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling - CeTICS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil
| | - Julia Pinheiro Chagas da Cunha
- Laboratório Especial de Ciclo Celular - Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling - CeTICS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil
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Raghunath A, Sundarraj K, Nagarajan R, Arfuso F, Bian J, Kumar AP, Sethi G, Perumal E. Antioxidant response elements: Discovery, classes, regulation and potential applications. Redox Biol 2018; 17:297-314. [PMID: 29775961 PMCID: PMC6007815 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to antioxidants and xenobiotics triggers the expression of a myriad of genes encoding antioxidant proteins, detoxifying enzymes, and xenobiotic transporters to offer protection against oxidative stress. This articulated universal mechanism is regulated through the cis-acting elements in an array of Nrf2 target genes called antioxidant response elements (AREs), which play a critical role in redox homeostasis. Though the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE system involves many players, AREs hold the key in transcriptional regulation of cytoprotective genes. ARE-mediated reporter constructs have been widely used, including xenobiotics profiling and Nrf2 activator screening. The complexity of AREs is brought by the presence of other regulatory elements within the AREs. The diversity in the ARE sequences not only bring regulatory selectivity of diverse transcription factors, but also confer functional complexity in the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway. The different transcription factors either homodimerize or heterodimerize to bind the AREs. Depending on the nature of partners, they may activate or suppress the transcription. Attention is required for deeper mechanistic understanding of ARE-mediated gene regulation. The computational methods of identification and analysis of AREs are still in their infancy. Investigations are required to know whether epigenetics mechanism plays a role in the regulation of genes mediated through AREs. The polymorphisms in the AREs leading to oxidative stress related diseases are warranted. A thorough understanding of AREs will pave the way for the development of therapeutic agents against cancer, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic and other diseases with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhwar Raghunath
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Kiruthika Sundarraj
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Raju Nagarajan
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jinsong Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alan P Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600 Singapore, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Medical Science Cluster, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600 Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Ekambaram Perumal
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamilnadu, India.
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Xu W, Xu J, Wang T, Liu W, Wei H, Yang X, Yan W, Zhou W, Xiao J. Ellagic acid and Sennoside B inhibit osteosarcoma cell migration, invasion and growth by repressing the expression of c-Jun. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:898-904. [PMID: 29963161 PMCID: PMC6019914 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a mesenchymally derived, high-grade bone sarcoma that is the most frequently diagnosed primary malignant bone tumor. Today, chemoprevention is regarded as a promising and realistic approach in the prevention of human cancer. Previous studies have suggested ellagic acid (EA) and Sennoside B have potential in this regard. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the anti-osteosarcoma effects of EA and Sennoside B by using Saos-2 and MG63 osteosarcoma cells. It was identified that EA or Sennoside B treatment could inhibit the growth, migration and invasion of the cells, and induce G1 cell cycle arrest by repressing the transcription of c-Jun. These results may provide a cellular basis for the application of EA or Sennoside B in the treatment of patients with osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Jinjin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Weibo Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Wei
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Xinghai Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Wangjun Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Wang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Jianru Xiao
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
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Singh M, Yadav S, Kumar M, Saxena S, Saraswat D, Bansal A, Singh SB. The MAPK-activator protein-1 signaling regulates changes in lung tissue of rat exposed to hypobaric hypoxia. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6851-6865. [PMID: 29665093 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the role of MAPKs (JNK, ERK, and p38), and activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor in the hypobaric hypoxia induced change in lung tissue. Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to hypobaric hypoxia for 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 120 hr. Hypoxia resulted in significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and decreased nitric oxide (NO), these act as signaling molecules for activation of MAPK and also contribute in development of vascular leakage (an indicator of pulmonary edema) as confirmed by histological studies. Our results confirmed JNK activation as an immediate early response (peaked at 6-48 hr), activation of ERKs (peaked at 24-72 hr) and p38 (peaked at 72-120 hr) as a secondary response to hypoxia. The MAPK pathway up regulated its downstream targets phospho c-Jun (peaked at 6-120 hr), JunB (peaked at 24-120 hr) however, decreased c-Fos, and JunD levels. DNA binding activity also confirmed activation of AP-1 transcription factor in lung tissue under hypobaric hypoxia. Further, we analyzed the proliferative and inflammatory genes regulated by different subunits of AP-1 to explore its role in vascular leakage. Increased expression of cyclin D1 (peaked at 12-72 hr) and p16 level (peaked at 48-120 hr) were correlated to the activation of c-jun, c-Fos and JunB. Administration of NFκB inhibitor caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) had no effect on increased levels of Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), Interleukin-1 (IL-1), and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) thereby confirming the involvement of AP-1 as well as NFκB in inflammation. Expression of c-jun, c-Fos were correlated with activation of proliferative genes and JunB, Fra-1 with pro-inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion immediate response to hypobaric hypoxia induced c-Jun:c-Fos subunits of AP-1; responsible for proliferation that might cause inhomogeneous vasoconstriction leading to vascular leakage and inflammation at increased duration of hypobaric hypoxia exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinalini Singh
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi
| | - Seema Yadav
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi
| | - Meetul Kumar
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi
| | - Shweta Saxena
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi
| | - Deepika Saraswat
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi
| | - Anju Bansal
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi
| | - Shashi B Singh
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi
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The Role of Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) Family Members in CD30-Positive Lymphomas. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10040093. [PMID: 29597249 PMCID: PMC5923348 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10040093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor (TF) family, composed of a variety of members including c-JUN, c-FOS and ATF, is involved in mediating many biological processes such as proliferation, differentiation and cell death. Since their discovery, the role of AP-1 TFs in cancer development has been extensively analysed. Multiple in vitro and in vivo studies have highlighted the complexity of these TFs, mainly due to their cell-type specific homo- or hetero-dimerization resulting in diverse transcriptional response profiles. However, as a result of the increasing knowledge of the role of AP-1 TFs in disease, these TFs are being recognized as promising therapeutic targets for various malignancies. In this review, we focus on the impact of deregulated expression of AP-1 TFs in CD30-positive lymphomas including Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma and Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma.
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Stelma T, Leaner VD. KPNB1-mediated nuclear import is required for motility and inflammatory transcription factor activity in cervical cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:32833-32847. [PMID: 28427184 PMCID: PMC5464831 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Karyopherin β1 is a nuclear import protein involved in the transport of proteins containing a nuclear localisation sequence. Elevated Karyopherin β1 expression has been reported in cancer and transformed cells and is essential for cancer cell proliferation and survival. Transcription factors such as NFĸB and AP-1 contain a nuclear localisation sequence and initiate the expression of multiple factors associated with inflammation and cancer cell biology. Our study investigated the effect of inhibiting nuclear import via Karyopherin β1 on cancer cell motility and inflammatory signaling using siRNA and the novel small molecule, Inhibitor of Nuclear Import-43, INI-43. Inhibition of Karyopherin β1 led to reduced migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells. Karyopherin β1 is essential for the translocation of NFĸB into the nucleus as nuclear import inhibition caused its cytoplasmic retention and decreased transcriptional activity. A similar decrease was seen in AP-1 transcriptional activity upon Karyopherin β1 inhibition. Consequently reduced interleukin-6, interleukin-1 beta, tumour necrosis factor alpha and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor expression, target genes of NFkB and AP-1, was observed. Migration studies inhibiting individual transcription factors suggested that INI-43 may affect a combination of signaling events. Our study provides further evidence that inhibiting KPNB1 has anti-cancer effects and shows promise as a chemotherapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Stelma
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, SAMRC Gynaecology Cancer Research Centre, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Virna D Leaner
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, SAMRC Gynaecology Cancer Research Centre, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is produced on stimulation of many cell surface receptors and serves as an intracellular messenger in the regulation of diverse physiological events, mostly by oxidizing cysteine residues of effector proteins. Mammalian cells express multiple H2O2-eliminating enzymes, including catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and peroxiredoxin (Prx). A conserved cysteine in Prx family members is the site of oxidation by H2O2. Peroxiredoxins possess a high-affinity binding site for H2O2 that is lacking in catalase and GPx and which renders the catalytic cysteine highly susceptible to oxidation, with a rate constant several orders of magnitude greater than that for oxidation of cysteine in most H2O2 effector proteins. Moreover, Prxs are abundant and present in all subcellular compartments. The cysteines of most H2O2 effectors are therefore at a competitive disadvantage for reaction with H2O2. Recent Advances: Here we review intracellular sources of H2O2 as well as H2O2 target proteins classified according to biochemical and cellular function. We then highlight two strategies implemented by cells to overcome the kinetic disadvantage of most target proteins with regard to H2O2-mediated oxidation: transient inactivation of local Prx molecules via phosphorylation, and indirect oxidation of target cysteines via oxidized Prx. Critical Issues and Future Directions: Recent studies suggest that only a small fraction of the total pools of Prxs and H2O2 effector proteins localized in specific subcellular compartments participates in H2O2 signaling. Development of sensitive tools to selectively detect phosphorylated Prxs and oxidized effector proteins is needed to provide further insight into H2O2 signaling. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 537-557.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Goo Rhee
- 1 Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Ae Woo
- 2 College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Dongmin Kang
- 3 Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Korea
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48
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Curtis KJ, Coughlin TR, Mason DE, Boerckel JD, Niebur GL. Bone marrow mechanotransduction in porcine explants alters kinase activation and enhances trabecular bone formation in the absence of osteocyte signaling. Bone 2018; 107:78-87. [PMID: 29154967 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bone is a dynamic tissue that can adapt its architecture in response to mechanical signals under the control of osteocytes, which sense mechanical deformation of the mineralized bone. However, cells in the marrow are also mechanosensitive and may contribute to load-induced bone adaptation, as marrow is subjected to mechanical stress during bone deformation. We investigated the contribution of mechanotransduction in marrow cells to trabecular bone formation by applying low magnitude mechanical stimulation (LMMS) to porcine vertebral trabecular bone explants in an in situ bioreactor. The bone formation rate was higher in stimulated explants compared to unloaded controls which represent a disuse condition (CNT). However, sclerostin protein expression in osteocytes was not different between groups, nor was expression of osteocytic mechanoregulatory genes SOST, IGF-1, CTGF, and Cyr61, suggesting the mechanoregulatory program of osteocytes was unaffected by the loading regime. In contrast, c-Fos, a gene indicative of mechanical stimulation, was upregulated in the marrow cells of mechanically stimulated explants, while the level of activated c-Jun decreased by 25%. The activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor is a heterodimer of c-Fos and c-Jun, which led us to investigate the expression of the downstream target gene cyclin-D1, a gene associated with cell cycle progression and osteogenesis. Cyclin-D1 gene expression in the stimulated marrow was approximately double that of the controls. The level of phosphorylated PYK2, a purported inhibitor of osteoblast differentiation, also decreased in marrow cells from stimulated explants. Taken together, mechanotransduction in marrow cells induced trabecular bone formation independent of osteocyte signaling. Identifying the specific cells and signaling pathways involved, and verifying them with inhibition of specific signaling molecules, could lead to potential therapeutic targets for diseases characterized by bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly J Curtis
- Tissue Mechanics Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA; Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Thomas R Coughlin
- Tissue Mechanics Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA; Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Devon E Mason
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Joel D Boerckel
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Glen L Niebur
- Tissue Mechanics Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA; Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
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49
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Liu X, Si W, Liu X, He L, Ren J, Yang Z, Yang J, Li W, Liu S, Pei F, Yang X, Sun L. JMJD6 promotes melanoma carcinogenesis through regulation of the alternative splicing of PAK1, a key MAPK signaling component. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:175. [PMID: 29187213 PMCID: PMC5708181 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0744-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Melanoma, originated from melanocytes located on the basal membrane of the epithelial tissue, is the most aggressive form of skin cancer that accounts for 75% of skin cancer-related death. Although it is believed that BRAF mutation and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway play critical roles in the pathogenesis of melanoma, how the MAPK signaling is regulated in melanoma carcinogenesis is still not fully understood. Methods We characterized JMJD6 expression in melanoma tissue array by immunohistochemistry analysis. We used human melanoma A375, 451Lu and SK-MEL-1 cell lines for in vitro proliferation and invasion experiments, and xenograft transplanted mice using murine melanoma B16F10 cells by bioluminescence imaging for in vivo tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis assessments. Endothelial tube formation assay, chicken yolk sac membrane assay and matrigel plug assay were performed to test the effect of JMJD6 on the angiogenic potential in vitro and in vivo. Results Here we report that the jumonji C domain-containing demethylase/hydroxylase JMJD6 is markedly up-regulated in melanoma. We found that high expression of JMJD6 is closely correlated with advanced clinicopathologic stage, aggressiveness, and poor prognosis of melanoma. RNA-seq showed that knockdown of JMJD6 affects the alternative splicing of a panel of transcripts including that encoding for PAK1, a key component in MAPK signaling pathway. We demonstrated that JMJD6 enhances the MAPK signaling and promotes multiple cellular processes including melanogenesis, proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis in melanoma cells. Interestingly, JMJD6 is transcriptionally activated by c-Jun, generating a feedforward loop to drive the development and progression of melanoma. Conclusions Our results indicate that JMJD6 is critically involved in melanoma carcinogenesis, supporting the pursuit of JMJD6 as a potential biomarker for melanoma aggressiveness and a target for melanoma intervention. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12943-017-0744-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wenzhe Si
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Lin He
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ziran Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jianguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wanjin Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shumeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Fei Pei
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaohan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Luyang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
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50
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Dai J, Ji Y, Wang W, Kim D, Fai LY, Wang L, Luo J, Zhang Z. Loss of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase induces glycolysis and promotes apoptosis resistance of cancer stem-like cells: an important role in hexavalent chromium-induced carcinogenesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28624442 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) compounds are confirmed human carcinogens for lung cancer. Our previous studies has demonstrated that chronic exposure of human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells to low dose of Cr(VI) causes malignant cell transformation. The acquisition of cancer stem cell-like properties is involved in the initiation of cancers. The present study has observed that a small population of cancer stem-like cells (BEAS-2B-Cr-CSC) exists in the Cr(VI)-transformed cells (BEAS-2B-Cr). Those BEAS-2B-Cr-CSC exhibit extremely reduced capability of generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis resistance. BEAS-2B-Cr-CSC are metabolic inactive as evidenced by reductions in oxygen consumption, glucose uptake, ATP production, and lactate production. Most importantly, BEAS-2B-Cr-CSC are more tumorigenic with high levels of cell self-renewal genes, Notch1 and p21. Further study has found that fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP1), an rate-limiting enzyme driving glyconeogenesis, was lost in BEAS-2B-Cr-CSC. Forced expression of FBP1 in BEAS-2B-Cr-CSC restored ROS generation, resulting in increased apoptosis, leading to inhibition of tumorigenesis. In summary, the present study suggests that loss of FBP1 is a critical event in tumorigenesis of Cr(VI)-transformed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Dai
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, 1095 Veterans Drive, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Yanli Ji
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, 1095 Veterans Drive, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, 1095 Veterans Drive, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Donghern Kim
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, 1095 Veterans Drive, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Leonard Yenwong Fai
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, 1095 Veterans Drive, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Research on Environmental Diseases, 1095 Veterans Drive, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jia Luo
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, 1095 Veterans Drive, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, 1095 Veterans Drive, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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