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Zhao B, Liu C, Qi Y, Zhang T, Wang Y, He X, Wang L, Jin T. Preliminary study of identified novel susceptibility loci for HAPE risk in a Chinese male Han population. Per Med 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38940394 DOI: 10.1080/17410541.2024.2365617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a life-threatening form of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. In recent years, association studies have become the main method for identifying HAPE genetic loci. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of HAPE risk-associated loci was performed in Chinese male Han individuals (164 HAPE cases and 189 healthy controls) by the Precision Medicine Diversity Array Chip with 2,771,835 loci (Applied Biosystems Axiom™). Eight overlapping candidate loci in CCNG2, RP11-445O3.2, NUPL1 and WWOX were finally selected. In silico functional analyses displayed the PPI network, functional enrichment and signal pathways related to CCNG2, NUPL1, WWOX and NRXN1. This study provides data supplements for HAPE susceptibility gene loci and new insights into HAPE susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Zhao
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Changchun Liu
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yijin Qi
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuhe Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China
| | - Xue He
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianbo Jin
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China
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Tian L, Zhao C, Yan Y, Jia Q, Cui S, Chen H, Li X, Jiang H, Yao Y, He K, Zhao X. Ceramide-1-phosphate alleviates high-altitude pulmonary edema by stabilizing circadian ARNTL-mediated mitochondrial dynamics. J Adv Res 2024; 60:75-92. [PMID: 37479181 PMCID: PMC11156611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a severe and potentially fatal condition with limited treatment options. Although ceramide kinase (CERK)-derived ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) has been demonstrated to offer protection against various pulmonary diseases, its effects on HAPE remain unclear. OBJECTIVES Our study aimed to investigate the potential role of CERK-derived C1P in the development of HAPE and to reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying its protective effects. We hypothesized that CERK-derived C1P could protect against HAPE by stabilizing circadian rhythms and maintaining mitochondrial dynamics. METHODS To test our hypothesis, we used CERK-knockout mice and established HAPE mouse models using a FLYDWC50-1C hypobaric hypoxic cabin. We utilized a range of methods, including lipidomics, transcriptomics, immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and transmission electron microscopy, to identify the mechanisms of regulation. RESULTS Our findings demonstrated that CERK-derived C1P played a protective role against HAPE. Inhibition of CERK exacerbated HAPE induced by the hypobaric hypoxic environment. Specifically, we identified a novel mechanism in which CERK inhibition induced aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like (ARNTL) autophagic degradation, inducing the circadian rhythm and triggering mitochondrial damage by controlling the expression of proteins required for mitochondrial fission and fusion. The decreased ARNTL caused by CERK inhibition impaired mitochondrial dynamics, induced oxidative stress damage, and resulted in defects in mitophagy, particularly under hypoxia. Exogenous C1P prevented ARNTL degradation, alleviated mitochondrial damage, neutralized oxidative stress induced by CERK inhibition, and ultimately relieved HAPE. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence for the protective effect of C1P against HAPE, specifically, through stabilizing circadian rhythms and maintaining mitochondrial dynamics. Exogenous C1P therapy may be a promising strategy for treating HAPE. Our findings also highlight the importance of the circadian rhythm and mitochondrial dynamics in the pathogenesis of HAPE, suggesting that targeting these pathways may be a potential therapeutic approach for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyang Tian
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Medical Big Data Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; National Engineering Research Center for Medical Big Data Application Technology, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Chenghui Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Medical Big Data Application Technology, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Qian Jia
- National Engineering Research Center for Medical Big Data Application Technology, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Research Center for Translational Medicine, Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Saijia Cui
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Huining Chen
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Experimental Research Center, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Capital Medical University Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hongfeng Jiang
- Experimental Research Center, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Capital Medical University Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yongming Yao
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Kunlun He
- Medical Big Data Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; National Engineering Research Center for Medical Big Data Application Technology, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Xiaojing Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Medical Big Data Application Technology, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Research Center for Translational Medicine, Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
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Eliah D, Mashauri HL, Sadiq A, Dekker MCJ, Nyakunga G, Sakita F. A rare case of pulmonary embolism in a Mt. Kilimanjaro recreational hiker: A case report with review of literature. SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2024; 12:2050313X241254739. [PMID: 38764918 PMCID: PMC11102666 DOI: 10.1177/2050313x241254739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary embolism is one of the rarest complications of high-altitude sickness that can coexist with high altitude pulmonary edema. The risk of developing this phenomenon increases significantly with prolonged stay in high altitudes especially above 5000 m. Given the fatality of the condition, early screening and management is crucial; however, there is no gold standard approach in diagnosis. A 44-year-old male, a Tanzanian tourist first time hiking Mt. Kilimanjaro developed difficulty in breathing on the 4th day of ascending on a route that takes 6 days to summit whereby he was saturating at 38% on room air at the height of 4775 m. He was admitted with the clinical diagnosis of high altitude pulmonary edema. However, in the course of treatment for 72 h with no improvement, further investigations including computed tomography scan were suggestive of pulmonary embolism whereby he was treated with full recovery. Pulmonary embolism case reports are increasingly rising with the difficult to notice among high altitude pulmonary edema patients given their presentation similarities. A high index of suspicion based on clinical examination and investigations should prompt a clinician to include or exclude it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doreen Eliah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Harold L Mashauri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
- Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Adnan Sadiq
- Department of Radiology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | | | - Gissela Nyakunga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Francis Sakita
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
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Strickland B, Stuart Harris N. Adapting nitric oxide: A review of its foundation, uses in austere medical conditions, and emerging applications. Nitric Oxide 2024; 146:58-63. [PMID: 38583684 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Nitric oxide was first identified as a novel and effective treatment for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN), and has since been found to be efficacious in treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and pulmonary hypertension. Physicians and researchers have also found it shows promise in resource-constrained settings, both within and outside of the hospital, such as in high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and COVID-19. The treatment has been well tolerated in these settings, and is both efficacious and versatile when studied across a variety of clinical environments. Advancements in inhaled nitric oxide continue, and the gas is worthy of investigation as physicians contend with new respiratory and cardiovascular illnesses, as well as unforeseen logistical challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Strickland
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - N Stuart Harris
- Division of Wilderness Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Wang J, Ma YR, Chang YE, Duo DL, Duan KK, Zhao N, Cui WL, Huan ZL, Wang YF. Preventive effect of LCZ696 on hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in rats via regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2023; 82:102229. [PMID: 37355202 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2023.102229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a devastating disease worldwide; however, effective therapeutic drugs are lacking. This study investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of LCZ696 treatment on hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were kept in a hypobaric chamber with an oxygen concentration of 5% for 4 weeks. Rats were treated with either LCZ696 (18 mg/kg, 36 mg/kg, and 72 mg/kg) or sildenafil. The mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), right ventricle hypertrophy index (RVHI), and lung system index were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Masson staining, and immunofluorescence staining were used for histological analysis. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to determine the concentrations of inflammatory and hypoxia-related factors. Western blotting was used to examine the expression of apoptotic and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway proteins in rat lung tissue. Hypoxia increased mPAP, RVHI, and lung system index and induced pulmonary vascular remodeling, pulmonary arteriomyosis, and pulmonary artery fibrosis. LCZ696 treatment reduced the increase in mPAP, RVHI, and the lung system index and ameliorated the induced pathological changes. Hypoxia upregulated expression of NF-kB, TNF-α, IL-6, HIF-1α, and Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), decreased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, and activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in lung tissue, and these effects were partially reversed by treatment with LCZ696. These results demonstrated that LCZ696 can ameliorate hypoxia-induced HPH by suppressing apoptosis, inhibiting the inflammatory response, and inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. It provides a reference for clinical rational drug use and lays a foundation for the study of HPH therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Qinghai Provincial People 's Hospital Pharmacy Department, XiNing, China
| | - Yan-Rong Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, First Clinical Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ya-E Chang
- Qinghai Provincial People 's Hospital Pharmacy Department, XiNing, China
| | - De-Long Duo
- Qinghai Provincial People 's Hospital Pharmacy Department, XiNing, China
| | - Kun-Kun Duan
- Medical College of Qinghai University, XiNing, China
| | - Ni Zhao
- Qinghai Provincial People 's Hospital Pharmacy Department, XiNing, China
| | - Wen-Li Cui
- Medical College of Qinghai University, XiNing, China
| | - Zhi-Lan Huan
- Medical College of Qinghai University, XiNing, China
| | - Ya-Feng Wang
- Qinghai Provincial People 's Hospital Pharmacy Department, XiNing, China.
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Sidhar K, Elliott K, Ibrahem M. Heat, Cold, and Environmental Emergencies in Athletes. Clin Sports Med 2023; 42:441-461. [PMID: 37208058 DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2023.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
With the increase in outdoor events, there is an inevitable rise in climate-related environmental emergencies. Heat exposure can place athletes at risk for life-threatening heatstroke which requires emergent diagnosis and rapid in-field management. Cold exposure can lead to hypothermia, frostbite, and other nonfreezing injuries that require prompt evaluation and management to minimize morbidity and mortality. Altitude exposure can lead to acute mountain sickness or other serious neurologic or pulmonary emergencies. Finally, harsh climate exposure can be life-threatening and require appropriate prevention and event planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Sidhar
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 300 North Ingalls Street, NI4C06, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5435, USA.
| | - Katlyn Elliott
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, McKeesport Family Medicine Residency, 2347 5th Avenue, McKeesport, PA 15132, USA
| | - Michael Ibrahem
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Shadyside Family Medicine Residency, 5215 Center Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
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Liu F, Sui X, Wang Q, Li J, Yang W, Yang Y, Xiao Z, Sun Y, Guo X, Yang X, Yang J, Wang Y, Luo Y. Insights into the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of meldonium after exposure to acute high altitude. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1119046. [PMID: 36909160 PMCID: PMC9992410 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1119046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Meldonium, a well-known cardioprotective drug, has been reported to be protective against pulmonary injury at high altitudes; however, the pharmacodynamics of meldonium in other vital organs under acute high-altitude injury are less investigated and the related pharmacokinetics have not been fully elucidated. Methods and Results: The present study examined the basic pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics (PK) in rat exposure to acute high-altitude hypoxia after intragastrical and intravenous pre-administration of meldonium. The results indicate that meldonium can improve acute hypoxia-induced pathological damage in brain and lung tissues, and restore blood biochemistry and routine blood index of heart, liver and kidney tissues under a simulated acute high-altitude environment. Furthermore, compared to the normoxia group, rats exposed to simulated high-altitude hypoxia and premedicated with intragastrical meldonium showed linear kinetics in the dose range of 25-100 mg/kg, with a significantly increase in the area under curve (AUC) and reduced clearance rate. No significant differences in these meldonium of PK parameters were observed with intravenous administration. Additionally, meldonium was involved in the regulation of succinic acid and 3-hydroxypropionic acid. Conclusion: These results will contribute to our understanding of the preclinical PK properties of meldonium and its acute high-altitude protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Jinglai Li
- Guollence Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Weijie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
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Eleutheroside B ameliorated high altitude pulmonary edema by attenuating ferroptosis and necroptosis through Nrf2-antioxidant response signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113982. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Inflammation in Pulmonary Hypertension and Edema Induced by Hypobaric Hypoxia Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012656. [PMID: 36293512 PMCID: PMC9604159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to high altitudes generates a decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen, triggering a hypobaric hypoxic condition. This condition produces pathophysiologic alterations in an organism. In the lung, one of the principal responses to hypoxia is the development of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV), which improves gas exchange. However, when HPV is exacerbated, it induces high-altitude pulmonary hypertension (HAPH). Another important illness in hypobaric hypoxia is high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), which occurs under acute exposure. Several studies have shown that inflammatory processes are activated in high-altitude illnesses, highlighting the importance of the crosstalk between hypoxia and inflammation. The aim of this review is to determine the inflammatory pathways involved in hypobaric hypoxia, to investigate the key role of inflammation in lung pathologies, such as HAPH and HAPE, and to summarize different anti-inflammatory treatment approaches for these high-altitude illnesses. In conclusion, both HAPE and HAPH show an increase in inflammatory cell infiltration (macrophages and neutrophils), cytokine levels (IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β), chemokine levels (MCP-1), and cell adhesion molecule levels (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1), and anti-inflammatory treatments (decreasing all inflammatory components mentioned above) seem to be promising mitigation strategies for treating lung pathologies associated with high-altitude exposure.
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Jin T, Lu H, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Yang W, Wang Y, He X, Yuan D, He Y. CYP2S1 gene methylation among High-altitude pulmonary edema. Gene X 2022; 834:146590. [PMID: 35623478 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a fatal disease of fluid accumulation in the lungs resulting from acute exposure to high altitude and hypoxia. Now research has found that changes in DNA methylation are genetically related. We investigated the effects of hypermethylation and hypomethylation on HAPE. METHODS We conducted an analysis of methylation in Chinese HAPE patients (53 patients and 53 controls). EpiTYPER of the Sequenom MassARRAY platform was used to detect DNA methylation at 43 CpG sites in CYP2S1. RESULTS We used probability analysis to find that only five CPG sites were not methylated. CYP2S1_1_CpG_11, CYP2S1_2_CpG_11, CYP2S1_2_CpG_12, CYP2S1_2_CpG_13, and CYP2S1_3_CPG_11.12 in the case group were lower than those in the control group. Our results showed that, 12 CpG sites had different methylation levels in HAPE patients compared with healthy controls, and only CYP2S1_1_CPG_1.2.3 (OR = 2.920, 95 %Cl = 1.228-6.946, p = 0.015) had a higher risk of hypermethylation than hypomethylation. ROC curve analysis showed that the methylation level of CYP2S1 could effectively predict the risk of HAPE patients. CONCLUSION Our results showed that several CpG sites in the promoter regions of CYP2S1 gene were abnormally methylated in HAPE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianbo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China; Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Hongyan Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China
| | - Zhanhao Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China
| | - Yuliang Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China; Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China
| | - Yuhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China
| | - Xue He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China; Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Dongya Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China; Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yongjun He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China; Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, China.
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Research Progress on the Mechanism of Right Heart-Related Pulmonary Edema. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8947780. [PMID: 35966729 PMCID: PMC9365571 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8947780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To investigate the mechanisms underlying the development of right heart-associated PE. Background. Right heart-related pulmonary edema (PE) refers to PE resulting from impaired right heart function caused by primary or secondary factors, which is common in critically ill patients. Although the clinical manifestations of different types of right heart-related PE are similar, the pathophysiological changes and treatment methods are significantly different. According to the hemodynamic mechanism, right heart-related PE is primarily classified into two types. One is the increase of right heart flow, including extravascular compression, intravascular compression, cardiac compression, and cardiac decompression. The other type is the abnormal distribution of pulmonary circulation, including obstruction, resistance, pleural decompression, or negative pressure. With the development of hemodynamic monitoring, hemodynamic data not only help us understand the specific pathogenesis of right heart-related PE but also assist us in determining the direction of therapy and enabling individualized treatment. Summary. This article presents a review on right heart-associated PE, with a perspective of hemodynamic analysis, and emphasizes the importance of right heart function in the management of circulation. Understanding the mechanism of right heart-associated PE will not only aid in better monitoring right heart function but also help intensivists make a more accurate identification of various types of PE in the clinic.
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12
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Zhao Z, Hou B, Tang L, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ying Z, Duo J. High-altitude hypoxia-induced rat alveolar cell injury by increasing autophagy. Int J Exp Pathol 2022; 103:132-139. [PMID: 35235244 PMCID: PMC9264343 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various lung diseases. This study aimed to investigate the role of autophagy in lung injury induced by high-altitude hypoxia. Wistar rats were randomized into four groups for exposure to normal altitude or high altitude for 1, 7, 14 and 21 days with no treatment or with the treatment of 1 mg/kg rapamycin or 2 mg/kg 3-methyladenine (3-MA) for consecutive 21 days respectively. In control rats, the alveolar structure was intact with regularly arranged cells. However, inflammatory cell infiltration and shrunk alveoli were observed in rats exposed to hypoxia. Rapamycin treatment led to many shrunken alveoli with a large number of red blood cells in them. In contrast, 3-MA treatment led to almost intact alveoli or only a few shrunken alveoli. Compared to the control group exposure to high-altitude hypoxia for longer periods resulted in the aggravation of the lung injury, the formation of autophagosomes with a double-membrane structure and increased levels of Beclin-1 and LC3-II in alveolar tissues. Rapamycin treatment resulted in significant increase in Beclin-1 and LC3-II levels and further aggravation of alveolar tissue damage, while 3-MA treatment led to opposite effects. In conclusion, exposure to high-altitude hypoxia can induce autophagy of alveolar cells, which may be an important mechanism of high-altitude hypoxia-induced lung injury. The inhibition of autophagy may be a promising therapy strategy for high-altitude hypoxia-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi Huishan District People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Bing Hou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi Huishan District People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi Huishan District People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Yueqing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Zhanzhuan Ying
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi Huishan District People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Jie Duo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, China
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Mrowka R. From small molecules to dinosaurs - Recent advances in blood pressure research. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 232:e13677. [PMID: 33998149 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Mrowka
- Klinik für Innere Medizin IIIAG Experimentelle NephrologieUniversitätsklinikum Jena Jena Germany
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