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Martens B, Duytschaever M. Early rhythm control in atrial fibrillation anno 2024. Acta Cardiol 2024:1-7. [PMID: 39392348 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2024.2324217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation is a chronic progressive disease and is the most common arrhythmia in adults. It is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The EAST-AFNET 4 trial demonstrated that rhythm control in patients with early atrial fibrillation significantly reduces cardiovascular outcomes compared to usual care. The effectiveness of early rhythm control is predominantly mediated by the presence of sinus rhythm and early rhythm control is more effective in patients with multiple comorbidities. Studies such as STOP-AF First, Cryo-FIRST, EARLY-AF and its 3-year follow-up trial demonstrate that first-line catheter ablation is more effective in maintaining sinus rhythm than anti-arrhythmic drug therapy. These findings are leading to a paradigm shift in the electrophysiology community in favour of early rhythm control with catheter ablation when feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Broes Martens
- Department of Cardiology, AZ Maria Middelares Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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2
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Gu Z, Guo L, Liu C, Lip GYH, Zhu W. Real-world evidence of early rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol 2024; 412:132327. [PMID: 38964555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The favorable benefits of early rhythm control (ERC) therapy in newly diagnosed patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) have been demonstrated in the EAST-AFNET 4 trial. However, the generalizability and applicability of ERC in real-world clinical settings remain inconclusive. METHODS We conducted a systematic search of the PubMed and Embase databases to identify observational studies published between January 2020 and February 2024 that focused on real-world evidence pertaining to ERC. The effectiveness and safety outcomes in our study were analogous to those evaluated in the EAST-AFNET 4 trial. RESULTS A total of 4 observational studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria of EAST-AFNET 4 were included, involving 130,970 patients with AF, 30.7% of whom received ERC therapy. In our pooled analysis using the fixed-effects model, compared with rate control, ERC significantly decreased the occurrence risk of the primary composite outcome (hazard ratio [HR] 0.86, 95% confidence interval[CI] 0.82-0.91), cardiovascular death (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.78-0.98), stroke (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.73-0.87), and hospitalization with worsening heart failure (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.84-0.99) or acute coronary syndrome (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.59-0.87). In terms of safety outcomes, there were no differences in the composite safety outcome (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.95-1.05) and all-cause death (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.82-1.06) between the two studied groups. CONCLUSIONS ERC therapy showed favorable effectiveness outcomes compared with rate control, whereas the safety outcomes between the two therapeutic strategies did not differ significantly, supporting the benefits of ERC therapy over rate control in selected real-world patients with AF. REGISTRATION The study protocol was registered to PROSPERO (CRD42023443569).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbang Gu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linjuan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, China; National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Danish Center for Health Services Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Wengen Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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3
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Choi JH, Song SH, Kim H, Kim J, Park H, Jeon J, Hong J, Gwag HB, Lee SH, Lee J, Cho SJ, Park SJ, On YK, Kim JY, Park KM. Machine Learning Algorithm to Predict Atrial Fibrillation Using Serial 12-Lead ECGs Based on Left Atrial Remodeling. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e034154. [PMID: 39344663 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.034154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that analysis of serial ECGs could predict new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) more accurately than analysis of a single ECG by detecting the subtle cardiac remodeling that occurs immediately before AF occurrence. Our aim in this study was to compare the performance of 2 types of machine learning (ML) algorithms. METHODS AND RESULTS Standard 12-lead ECGs of patients selected by cardiologists between January 2010 and May 2021 were used for ML model development. Two ML models (single ECG and serial ECG) were developed using a light gradient boosting machine-learning algorithm. Model performance was evaluated based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and F1 score. We trained the ML models on 415 964 ECGs from 176 090 patients. When testing the 2 ML models using external validation data sets, the performance of the serial-ML model was significantly better than that of the single-ML model for predicting new-onset AF (single- versus serial-ML model: sensitivity 0.744 versus 0.810; specificity 0.742 versus 0.822; accuracy 0.743 versus 0.816; F1 score 0.743 versus 0.815; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.812 versus 0.880; P<0.001). The Shapley Additive Explanations analysis ranked P-wave duration and amplitude among the top 10 ECG parameters. CONCLUSIONS An ML model based on serial ECGs from an individual had greater ability to predict new-onset AF than the ML model based on a single ECG. P-wave morphologies were associated with future AF prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hoon Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | - JaeHu Jeon
- MediFarmSoft Co. Ltd Seoul Republic of Korea
| | | | - Hye Bin Gwag
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Changwon Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jaichan Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Cho
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jung Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Young Keun On
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Youn Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Min Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
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4
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Natale A, Mohanty S, Sanders P, Anter E, Shah A, Al Mohani G, Haissaguerre M. Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: indications and future perspective. Eur Heart J 2024:ehae618. [PMID: 39322413 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in techniques, technologies and proven superiority over anti-arrhythmic drugs have made catheter ablation the cornerstone of management for atrial fibrillation (AF), which has shown a steady increase in prevalence in the ageing population worldwide. The aim of therapeutic interventions is to achieve stable sinus rhythm that would improve the quality of life and reduce the risk of AF-associated complications. Pulmonary veins (PVs) were first described as the source of initiation of ectopic triggers driving AF, which led to the establishment of PV isolation (PVI) as the most widely practiced procedure to treat AF. Antral PVI is still recognized as the stand-alone ablation strategy for newly diagnosed paroxysmal AF (PAF). However, in non-PAF patients, PVI seems to be inadequate and several adjunctive strategies, including ablation of left atrial posterior wall and non-PV triggers, AF mapping and ablation of rotors and drivers, ethanol infusion of vein of Marshall and renal denervation, etc. have been reported with mixed results. Recent trials have also documented the benefits of early rhythm control in preventing cardiovascular events in addition to slowing the progression of PAF to more persistent forms. Similarly, very late relapse of the arrhythmia after successful PVI has drawn attention to the critical role of non-PV triggers and highlighted their relevance as potential ablation targets during repeat procedures. Ablation technology is also under constant evolution with the introduction of non-thermal energy sources and new tools to create durable lesions. This review summarizes the indications, advancements, and future perspective of AF ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Natale
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, 3000 N. I-35, Suite 720, Austin, TX 78705, USA
- Interventional Electrophysiology, Scripps Clinic, 9898 Genesee Avenue, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Metro Health Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Division of Cardiology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Sanghamitra Mohanty
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, 3000 N. I-35, Suite 720, Austin, TX 78705, USA
| | | | - Elad Anter
- Shamir Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Ashok Shah
- Haut-Lévèque Cardiology Hospital, Bordeaux, France
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Tzeis S, Gerstenfeld EP, Kalman J, Saad EB, Shamloo AS, Andrade JG, Barbhaiya CR, Baykaner T, Boveda S, Calkins H, Chan NY, Chen M, Chen SA, Dagres N, Damiano RJ, De Potter T, Deisenhofer I, Derval N, Di Biase L, Duytschaever M, Dyrda K, Hindricks G, Hocini M, Kim YH, la Meir M, Merino JL, Michaud GF, Natale A, Nault I, Nava S, Nitta T, O'Neill M, Pak HN, Piccini JP, Pürerfellner H, Reichlin T, Saenz LC, Sanders P, Schilling R, Schmidt B, Supple GE, Thomas KL, Tondo C, Verma A, Wan EY. 2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 2024; 21:e31-e149. [PMID: 38597857 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
In the last three decades, ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has become an evidence-based safe and efficacious treatment for managing the most common cardiac arrhythmia. In 2007, the first joint expert consensus document was issued, guiding healthcare professionals involved in catheter or surgical AF ablation. Mounting research evidence and technological advances have resulted in a rapidly changing landscape in the field of catheter and surgical AF ablation, thus stressing the need for regularly updated versions of this partnership which were issued in 2012 and 2017. Seven years after the last consensus, an updated document was considered necessary to define a contemporary framework for selection and management of patients considered for or undergoing catheter or surgical AF ablation. This consensus is a joint effort from collaborating cardiac electrophysiology societies, namely the European Heart Rhythm Association, the Heart Rhythm Society, the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society, and the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stylianos Tzeis
- Department of Cardiology, Mitera Hospital, 6, Erythrou Stavrou Str., Marousi, Athens, PC 151 23, Greece.
| | - Edward P Gerstenfeld
- Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Kalman
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne and Baker Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eduardo B Saad
- Electrophysiology and Pacing, Hospital Samaritano Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jason G Andrade
- Department of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Tina Baykaner
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Serge Boveda
- Heart Rhythm Management Department, Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France; Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hugh Calkins
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ngai-Yin Chan
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Minglong Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shih-Ann Chen
- Heart Rhythm Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, and Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Ralph J Damiano
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Isabel Deisenhofer
- Department of Electrophysiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University of Munich (TUM) School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicolas Derval
- IHU LIRYC, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Cardiac Electrophysiology and Stimulation Department, Fondation Bordeaux Université and Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac-Bordeaux, France
| | - Luigi Di Biase
- Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Katia Dyrda
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Meleze Hocini
- IHU LIRYC, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Cardiac Electrophysiology and Stimulation Department, Fondation Bordeaux Université and Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac-Bordeaux, France
| | - Young-Hoon Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Korea University College of Medicine and Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mark la Meir
- Cardiac Surgery Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jose Luis Merino
- La Paz University Hospital, Idipaz, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid, Spain; Hospital Viamed Santa Elena, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Andrea Natale
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Interventional Electrophysiology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Division of Cardiology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabelle Nault
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Quebec (IUCPQ), Quebec, Canada
| | - Santiago Nava
- Departamento de Electrocardiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología 'Ignacio Chávez', Ciudad de México, México
| | - Takashi Nitta
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mark O'Neill
- Cardiovascular Directorate, St. Thomas' Hospital and King's College, London, UK
| | - Hui-Nam Pak
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Tobias Reichlin
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital Bern, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Luis Carlos Saenz
- International Arrhythmia Center, Cardioinfantil Foundation, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Prashanthan Sanders
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Boris Schmidt
- Cardioangiologisches Centrum Bethanien, Medizinische Klinik III, Agaplesion Markuskrankenhaus, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gregory E Supple
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Section, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Claudio Tondo
- Department of Clinical Electrophysiology and Cardiac Pacing, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Atul Verma
- McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Elaine Y Wan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
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Zeitler EP, Johnson AE, Cooper LB, Steinberg BA, Houston BA. Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: New Assessment of an Old Problem. JACC. HEART FAILURE 2024; 12:1528-1539. [PMID: 39152985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2024.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF)-specifically, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)-often coexist, and each contributes to the propagation of the other. This relationship extends from the mechanistic and physiological to clinical syndromes, quality of life, and long-term cardiovascular outcomes. The risk factors for AF and HF overlap and create a critical opportunity to prevent adverse outcomes among patients at greatest risk for either condition. Increasing recognition of the linkages between AF and HF have led to widespread interest in designing diagnostic, predictive, and interventional strategies targeting all aspects of disease, from identifying genetic predisposition to addressing social determinants of health. Advances across this spectrum culminated in updated multisociety guidelines for management of AF, which includes specific consideration of comorbid AF and HF. This review expands on these guidelines by further highlighting relevant clinical trial findings and providing additional context for the evolving recommendations for management in this important and growing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily P Zeitler
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dartmouth Health and The Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon New Hampshire, USA.
| | - Amber E Johnson
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine of the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lauren B Cooper
- Department of Cardiology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Benjamin A Steinberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Brian A Houston
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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7
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Gu Z, Jiao J, Shen Y, Ding X, Zhu C, Li M, Chen H, Ju W, Gu K, Yang G, Liu H, Kojodjojo P, Chen M. A Simple Score to Predict New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation After Ablation of Typical Atrial Flutter. Can J Cardiol 2024; 40:1580-1589. [PMID: 38369258 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New-onset atrial fibrillation (NeAF) is common after cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent counterclockwise atrial flutter (CCW-AFL) ablation. This study aimed to investigate a simple predictive model of NeAF after CCW-AFL ablation. METHODS From January 2013, to December 2017, consecutive patients receiving CCW-AFL ablation were enrolled from 3 centres. Clinical, echocardiographic, and electrocardiographic data were collected and followed. Patients from 2 centres and another centre were assigned into the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively. In the derivation cohort, logistic regression was performed to evaluate the ability of parameters to discriminate those with and without NeAF. A score system was developed and then validated. RESULTS Two hundred seventy-one patients (mean 59.7 ± 13.6 age; 205 male) were analyzed. During follow-up (73.0 ± 6.5 months), 107 patients (39.5%) had NeAF; 190 and 81 patients were detected in the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively. Hypertension, age ≥ 70 years, left atrial diameter ≥ 42 mm, P-wave duration ≥ 120 ms and the negative component of flutter wave in lead II ≥ 120 ms were selected as the final parameters. A weighted score was used to develop the HAD-AF score ranging from 0 to 9. In the derivation cohort, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.938 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.902-0.974), superior to those of currently used CHA2DS2-VASC (0.679, 95% CI, 0.600-0.757) and HATCH scores (0.651, 95% CI, 0.571-0.730) (P < 0.001). Performance maintained in the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS Six years after CCW-AFL ablation, 39.5% of patients developed NeAF. HAD-AF score can reliably identify patients likely to develop NeAF after CCW-AFL ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoushan Gu
- Division of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jincheng Jiao
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Youmei Shen
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangwei Ding
- Division of Cardiology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingfang Li
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongwu Chen
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weizhu Ju
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Gu
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hailei Liu
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Pipin Kojodjojo
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, Singapore, and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore; Department of Cardiology, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Minglong Chen
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Lawin D, Lawrenz T, Chun KRJ, Lim HE, Obidigbo V, Selma JM, Peytchev P, Nguyen DQ, Földesi C, Stellbrink C. Cryoballoon ablation of atrial fibrillation in octogenarians: one year outcomes from the cryo global registry. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2024; 67:1341-1351. [PMID: 38082096 PMCID: PMC11379788 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-023-01680-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited information is available on the safety and efficacy of cryoballoon ablation (CBA) in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Moreover, global utilization of CBA in this population (≥ 80 years old) has not been reported. This study's objectives were to determine the use, efficacy, and safety of CBA to treat octogenarians suffering from AF. METHODS In this sub-analysis of the Cryo Global Registry, 12-month outcomes of treating AF via CBA in octogenarians were compared to patients < 80 years old. Efficacy was evaluated as time to a ≥ 30 s atrial arrhythmia (AA) recurrence. Healthcare utilization was determined via repeat ablations and hospitalizations. Improvement upon disease burden was evaluated through patient reporting of symptoms and the EQ-5D-3L quality of life (QoL) survey. RESULTS The octogenarian cohort (n = 101) had a higher prevalence of females (51.5% vs 35.7%) and CHA2DS2-VASc scores (4.2 ± 1.3 vs 2.0 ± 1.5) compared to the control cohort (n = 1573, both p < 0.01). Even when adjusting for baseline characteristics and antiarrhythmic drug usage, freedom from AA recurrence at 12 months (80.6% vs 78.9%, HRadj:0.97 [95% CI:0.59-1.58], p = 0.90) was comparable between octogenarians and control, respectively. Similar serious adverse event rates were observed between octogenarians (5.0%) and control (3.2%, p = 0.38). The groups did not differ in healthcare utilization nor reduction of AF-related symptoms from baseline to follow-up, but both experienced an improvement in QoL at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS Despite more age-related comorbidities, CBA is a safe and effective treatment for AF in octogenarians, with efficacy and adverse events rates akin to ablations performed in younger patients. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02752737.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Lawin
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld, 50 Teutoburger Street Bielefeld, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thorsten Lawrenz
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld, 50 Teutoburger Street Bielefeld, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Hong-Euy Lim
- Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | - Csaba Földesi
- Gottsegen György Országos Kardiovaszkuláris Intézet, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christoph Stellbrink
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Campus Klinikum Bielefeld, 50 Teutoburger Street Bielefeld, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany.
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9
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Demarchi A, Casula M, Annoni G, Foti M, Rordorf R. Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Heart Failure: Focus on the Latest Clinical Evidence. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5138. [PMID: 39274351 PMCID: PMC11395793 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13175138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation and heart failure are two common cardiovascular conditions that frequently coexist, and it has been widely demonstrated that in patients with chronic heart failure, atrial fibrillation is associated with a significant increase in the risk of all-cause death and all-cause hospitalization. Nevertheless, there is no unanimous consensus in the literature on how to approach this category of patients and which therapeutic strategy (rhythm control or frequency control) is the most favorable in terms of prognosis; moreover, there is still a lack of data comparing the different ablative techniques of atrial fibrillation in terms of efficacy, and many of the current trials do not consider current ablative techniques such as high-power short-duration ablation index protocol for radiofrequency pulmonary vein isolation. Eventually, while several RCTs have widely proved that in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, ablation of atrial fibrillation is superior to medical therapy alone, there is no consensus regarding those with preserved ejection fraction. For these reasons, in this review, we aim to summarize the main updated evidence guiding clinical decision in this complex scenario, with a special focus on the most recent trials and the latest meta-analyses that examined the role of catheter ablation (CA) in rhythm control in patients with AF and HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Demarchi
- Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6900 Lugano, Canton Ticino, Switzerland
- Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500 Bellinzona, Canton Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Casula
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit, ARNAS "G. Brotzu", 09047 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ginevra Annoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Arrhythmias and Electrophysiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Foti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Arrhythmias and Electrophysiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto Rordorf
- Arrhythmias and Electrophysiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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10
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Becher N, Metzner A, Toennis T, Kirchhof P, Schnabel RB. Atrial fibrillation burden: a new outcome predictor and therapeutic target. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:2824-2838. [PMID: 38953776 PMCID: PMC11328870 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, is not a dichotomous disease trait. Technological innovations enable long-term rhythm monitoring in many patients and can estimate AF burden. These technologies are already used to detect and monitor AF. This review describes the relation between AF burden and outcomes and potential effects of AF burden reduction. A lower AF burden is associated with a lower risk of stroke and heart failure in patients with AF: stroke risk without anticoagulation is lower in patients with device-detected AF and a low AF burden (stroke rate 1%/year) than in patients with persistent and permanent AF (stroke rate 3%/year). Paroxysmal AF shows intermediate stroke rates (2%/year). Atrial fibrillation burden-reducing interventions can reduce cardiovascular outcomes in patients with AF: early rhythm control reduces cardiovascular events including stroke and heart failure in patients with recently diagnosed AF and cardiovascular conditions. In patients with heart failure and AF, early rhythm control and AF ablation, interventions that reduce AF burden, reduce mortality and heart failure events. Recent technological innovations allow to estimate AF burden in clinical care, creating opportunities and challenges. While evidence remains limited, the existing data already suggest that AF burden reduction could be a therapeutic goal. In addition to anticoagulation and treatment of cardiovascular conditions, AF burden reduction emerges as a therapeutic goal. Future research will define the AF burden that constitutes a relevant risk of stroke and heart failure. Technologies quantifying AF burden need careful validation to advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Becher
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Postdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Metzner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Postdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Toennis
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Postdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paulus Kirchhof
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Postdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Renate B Schnabel
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Postdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany
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11
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Tzeis S, Gerstenfeld EP, Kalman J, Saad E, Shamloo AS, Andrade JG, Barbhaiya CR, Baykaner T, Boveda S, Calkins H, Chan NY, Chen M, Chen SA, Dagres N, Damiano RJ, De Potter T, Deisenhofer I, Derval N, Di Biase L, Duytschaever M, Dyrda K, Hindricks G, Hocini M, Kim YH, la Meir M, Merino JL, Michaud GF, Natale A, Nault I, Nava S, Nitta T, O'Neill M, Pak HN, Piccini JP, Pürerfellner H, Reichlin T, Saenz LC, Sanders P, Schilling R, Schmidt B, Supple GE, Thomas KL, Tondo C, Verma A, Wan EY. 2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2024; 67:921-1072. [PMID: 38609733 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-024-01771-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
In the last three decades, ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has become an evidence-based safe and efficacious treatment for managing the most common cardiac arrhythmia. In 2007, the first joint expert consensus document was issued, guiding healthcare professionals involved in catheter or surgical AF ablation. Mounting research evidence and technological advances have resulted in a rapidly changing landscape in the field of catheter and surgical AF ablation, thus stressing the need for regularly updated versions of this partnership which were issued in 2012 and 2017. Seven years after the last consensus, an updated document was considered necessary to define a contemporary framework for selection and management of patients considered for or undergoing catheter or surgical AF ablation. This consensus is a joint effort from collaborating cardiac electrophysiology societies, namely the European Heart Rhythm Association, the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), the Asia Pacific HRS, and the Latin American HRS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward P Gerstenfeld
- Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Kalman
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne and Baker Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eduardo Saad
- Electrophysiology and Pacing, Hospital Samaritano Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jason G Andrade
- Department of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Tina Baykaner
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Serge Boveda
- Heart Rhythm Management Department, Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France
- Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hugh Calkins
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ngai-Yin Chan
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Minglong Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shih-Ann Chen
- Heart Rhythm Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nikolaos Dagres
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Charité University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph J Damiano
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Isabel Deisenhofer
- Department of Electrophysiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University of Munich (TUM) School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicolas Derval
- IHU LIRYC, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Cardiac Electrophysiology and Stimulation Department, Fondation Bordeaux Université and Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac-Bordeaux, France
| | - Luigi Di Biase
- Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Katia Dyrda
- Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Gerhard Hindricks
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Charité University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Meleze Hocini
- IHU LIRYC, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Cardiac Electrophysiology and Stimulation Department, Fondation Bordeaux Université and Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac-Bordeaux, France
| | - Young-Hoon Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Korea University College of Medicine and Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mark la Meir
- Cardiac Surgery Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jose Luis Merino
- La Paz University Hospital, Idipaz, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Viamed Santa Elena, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gregory F Michaud
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrea Natale
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Interventional Electrophysiology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Division of Cardiology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabelle Nault
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Quebec (IUCPQ), Quebec, Canada
| | - Santiago Nava
- Departamento de Electrocardiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología 'Ignacio Chávez', Ciudad de México, México
| | - Takashi Nitta
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mark O'Neill
- Cardiovascular Directorate, St. Thomas' Hospital and King's College, London, UK
| | - Hui-Nam Pak
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Tobias Reichlin
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital Bern, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Luis Carlos Saenz
- International Arrhythmia Center, Cardioinfantil Foundation, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Prashanthan Sanders
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Boris Schmidt
- Cardioangiologisches Centrum Bethanien, Medizinische Klinik III, Agaplesion Markuskrankenhaus, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gregory E Supple
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Section, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Claudio Tondo
- Department of Clinical Electrophysiology and Cardiac Pacing, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Atul Verma
- McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Elaine Y Wan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
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12
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Campora A, Lisi M, Pastore MC, Mandoli GE, Ferrari Chen YF, Pasquini A, Rubboli A, Henein MY, Cameli M. Atrial Fibrillation, Atrial Myopathy, and Thromboembolism: The Additive Value of Echocardiography and Possible New Horizons for Risk Stratification. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3921. [PMID: 38999487 PMCID: PMC11242512 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13133921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac sustained arrhythmia, and it is associated with increased stroke and dementia risk. While the established paradigm attributes these complications to blood stasis within the atria and subsequent thrombus formation with cerebral embolization, recent evidence suggests that atrial myopathy (AM) may play a key role. AM is characterized by structural and functional abnormalities of the atria, and can occur with or without AF. Moving beyond classifications based solely on episode duration, the 4S-AF characterization has offered a more comprehensive approach, incorporating patient's stroke risk, symptom severity, AF burden, and substrate assessment (including AM) for tailored treatment decisions. The "ABC" pathway emphasizes anticoagulation, symptom control, and cardiovascular risk modification and emerging evidence suggests broader benefits of early rhythm control strategies, potentially reducing stroke and dementia risk and improving clinical outcomes. However, a better integration of AM assessment into the current framework holds promise for further personalizing AF management and optimizing patient outcomes. This review explores the emerging concept of AM and its potential role as a risk factor for stroke and dementia and in AF patients' management strategies, highlighting the limitations of current risk stratification methods, like the CHA2DS2-VASc score. Echocardiography, particularly left atrial (LA) strain analysis, has shown to be a promising non-invasive tool for AM evaluation and recent studies suggest that LA strain analysis may be a more sensitive risk stratifier for thromboembolic events than AF itself, with some studies showing a stronger association between LA strain and thromboembolic events compared to traditional risk factors. Integrating it into routine clinical practice could improve patient management and targeted therapies for AF and potentially other thromboembolic events. Future studies are needed to explore the efficacy and safety of anticoagulation in AM patients with and without AF and to refine the diagnostic criteria for AM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Campora
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Viale Bracci 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Matteo Lisi
- Department of Emergency, Internal Medicine and Cardiology-AUSL Romagna, Division of Cardiology, Ospedale S. Maria delle Croci, Viale Randi 5, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Pastore
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Viale Bracci 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giulia Elena Mandoli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Viale Bracci 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Yu Fu Ferrari Chen
- Cardiovascular Division, Pisa University Hospital and University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Annalisa Pasquini
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Rubboli
- Department of Emergency, Internal Medicine and Cardiology-AUSL Romagna, Division of Cardiology, Ospedale S. Maria delle Croci, Viale Randi 5, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Michael Y Henein
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Matteo Cameli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Viale Bracci 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
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13
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Krisai P, Kühne M. Atrial fibrillation rhythm management: a matter of timing. Eur Heart J Suppl 2024; 26:iv61-iv68. [PMID: 39099576 PMCID: PMC11292412 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suae077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) has evolved dramatically in the last decades. Several studies have informed us of the benefits of an early rhythm control strategy and primary rhythm control by catheter ablation (CA). Similarly, several studies have investigated the effects of CA in patients with longer AF duration and more comorbidities, especially heart failure. In the current review, we summarize the current evidence on rhythm control at different time points during the disease course of AF [Table 1 and Central illustration].
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Krisai
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Kühne
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
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14
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Zafeiropoulos S, Doundoulakis I, Bekiaridou A, Farmakis IT, Papadopoulos GE, Coleman KM, Giannakoulas G, Zanos S, Tsiachris D, Duru F, Saguner AM, Mountantonakis SE, Stavrakis S. Rhythm vs Rate Control Strategy for Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2024; 10:1395-1405. [PMID: 38727662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhythm control, either with antiarrhythmic drugs or catheter ablation, and rate control strategies are the cornerstones of atrial fibrillation (AF) management. Despite the increasing role of rhythm control over the past few years, it remains inconclusive which strategy is superior in improving clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVES This study summarizes the total and time-varying evidence regarding the efficacy of rhythm- vs rate-control strategies in the management of AF. METHODS We systematically perused the MEDLINE, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), and Web of Science databases for randomized controlled trials from inception to November 2023. We included studies that compared the efficacy of rhythm control (ie, antiarrhythmic drugs classes Ia, Ic, or III, AF catheter ablation, and electrical cardioversion) and rate control (ie, beta-blocker, digitalis, or calcium antagonist) strategies among patients with nonvalvular AF. The primary outcome was cardiovascular (CV) death, whereas secondary outcomes included all-cause death, stroke, hospitalization for heart failure (HF), sinus rhythm at the end of the follow-up, and rhythm control-related adverse events. A cumulative meta-analysis to assess temporal trends and a meta-regression analysis using the percentage of ablation use was performed. RESULTS We identified 18 studies with a total of 17,536 patients (mean age: 68.6 ± 9.7 years, 37.9% females) and a mean follow-up of 28.5 months. Of those, 31.9% had paroxysmal AF. A rhythm control strategy reduced CV death (HR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.62-0.96), stroke (HR: 0.801; 95% CI: 0.643-0.998), and hospitalization for HF (HR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.69-0.94) but not all-cause death (HR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.73-1.02) compared with a rate control strategy. This benefit was driven by contemporary studies, whereas more ablation use within the rhythm control arm was associated with improved outcomes, except stroke. CONCLUSIONS In patients with AF, a contemporary rhythm control strategy leads to reduced CV mortality, HF events, and stroke compared with a rate control strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Zafeiropoulos
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research at Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA; Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Alexandra Bekiaridou
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research at Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Ioannis T Farmakis
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Stavros Zanos
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research at Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Dimitris Tsiachris
- Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece; Athens Heart Center, Athens Medical Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Firat Duru
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland; Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ardan Muammer Saguner
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland; Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Stavros Stavrakis
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
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15
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Eckardt L, Wolfes J, Frommeyer G. Benefits of early rhythm control of atrial fibrillation. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2024; 34:288-294. [PMID: 37054762 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to current guidelines and earlier trials, recent studies demonstrated superiority of rhythm- over rate-control and challenged the strategy of "rate versus rhythm" therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation. These newer studies have started to shift the use of rhythm-control therapy from the symptom-driven therapy of current guidelines to a risk-reducing strategy aimed at restoring and maintaining sinus rhythm. This review discusses recent data and presents an overview on the current discourse: The concept of early rhythm control seems attractive. Patients with rhythm control may undergo less atrial remodeling compared to those with rate control. In addition, in EAST-AFNET 4 an outcome-reducing effect of rhythm control was achieved by delivering therapy with relatively few complications early after the initial AF diagnosis. Successful rhythm control therapy and most likely reduced AF burden, estimated by the presence of sinus rhythm at 12 months after randomization, explained most of the reduction in cardiovascular outcomes achieved by rhythm control. However, it is too early to call for early rhythm control for all AF patients. Rhythm control may raise concerns regarding the generalizability of trial results in routine practice involving important questions on the definition of "early" and "successful", and the relevant issue of antiarrhythmic drugs versus catheter ablation. Further information is required to select patients who will benefit from an early ablative or non-ablative rhythm management.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Eckardt
- Department of Cardiology II - Electrophysiology, University Hospital Münster, Albert Schweitzer Campus 1, Münster 48149, Germany; Atrial Fibrillation Network (AFNET), Münster, Germany.
| | - J Wolfes
- Department of Cardiology II - Electrophysiology, University Hospital Münster, Albert Schweitzer Campus 1, Münster 48149, Germany; Atrial Fibrillation Network (AFNET), Münster, Germany
| | - G Frommeyer
- Department of Cardiology II - Electrophysiology, University Hospital Münster, Albert Schweitzer Campus 1, Münster 48149, Germany; Atrial Fibrillation Network (AFNET), Münster, Germany
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16
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Paludan-Müller C, Vad OB, Stampe NK, Diederichsen SZ, Andreasen L, Monfort LM, Fosbøl EL, Køber L, Torp-Pedersen C, Svendsen JH, Olesen MS. Atrial fibrillation: age at diagnosis, incident cardiovascular events, and mortality. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:2119-2129. [PMID: 38592444 PMCID: PMC11212824 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are at increased risks of cardiovascular diseases and mortality, but risks according to age at diagnosis have not been reported. This study investigated age-specific risks of outcomes among patients with AF and the background population. METHODS This nationwide population-based cohort study included patients with AF and controls without outcomes by the application of exposure density matching on the basis of sex, year of birth, and index date. The absolute risks and hazard rates were stratified by age groups and assessed using competing risk survival analyses and Cox regression models, respectively. The expected differences in residual life years among participants were estimated. RESULTS The study included 216 579 AF patients from year 2000 to 2020 and 866 316 controls. The mean follow-up time was 7.9 years. Comparing AF patients with matched controls, the hazard ratios among individuals ≤50 years was 8.90 [95% confidence interval (CI), 7.17-11.0] for cardiomyopathy, 8.64 (95% CI, 7.74-9.64) for heart failure, 2.18 (95% CI, 1.89-2.52) for ischaemic stroke, and 2.74 (95% CI, 2.53-2.96) for mortality. The expected average loss of life years among individuals ≤50 years was 9.2 years (95% CI, 9.0-9.3) years. The estimates decreased with older age. CONCLUSIONS The findings show that earlier diagnosis of AF is associated with a higher hazard ratio of subsequent myocardial disease and shorter life expectancy. Further studies are needed to determine causality and whether AF could be used as a risk marker among particularly younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Paludan-Müller
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
| | - Oliver B Vad
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels K Stampe
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
| | - Søren Z Diederichsen
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
| | - Laura Andreasen
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
| | - Laia M Monfort
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emil L Fosbøl
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Køber
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Torp-Pedersen
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital—North Zealand Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper H Svendsen
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten S Olesen
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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17
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Rillig A, Eckardt L, Borof K, Camm AJ, Crijns HJGM, Goette A, Breithardt G, Lemoine MD, Metzner A, Rottner L, Schotten U, Vettorazzi E, Wegscheider K, Zapf A, Heidbuchel H, Willems S, Fabritz L, Schnabel RB, Magnussen C, Kirchhof P. Safety and efficacy of long-term sodium channel blocker therapy for early rhythm control: the EAST-AFNET 4 trial. Europace 2024; 26:euae121. [PMID: 38702961 PMCID: PMC11154137 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euae121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Clinical concerns exist about the potential proarrhythmic effects of the sodium channel blockers (SCBs) flecainide and propafenone in patients with cardiovascular disease. Sodium channel blockers were used to deliver early rhythm control (ERC) therapy in EAST-AFNET 4. METHODS AND RESULTS We analysed the primary safety outcome (death, stroke, or serious adverse events related to rhythm control therapy) and primary efficacy outcome (cardiovascular death, stroke, and hospitalization for worsening of heart failure (HF) or acute coronary syndrome) during SCB intake for patients with ERC (n = 1395) in EAST-AFNET 4. The protocol discouraged flecainide and propafenone in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and suggested stopping therapy upon QRS prolongation >25% on therapy. Flecainide or propafenone was given to 689 patients [age 69 (8) years; CHA2DS2-VASc 3.2 (1); 177 with HF; 41 with prior myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft, or percutaneous coronary intervention; 26 with left ventricular hypertrophy >15 mm; median therapy duration 1153 [237, 1828] days]. The primary efficacy outcome occurred less often in patients treated with SCB [3/100 (99/3316) patient-years] than in patients who never received SCB [SCBnever 4.9/100 (150/3083) patient-years, P < 0.001]. There were numerically fewer primary safety outcomes in patients receiving SCB [2.9/100 (96/3359) patient-years] than in SCBnever patients [4.2/100 (135/3220) patient-years, adjusted P = 0.015]. Sinus rhythm at 2 years was similar between groups [SCB 537/610 (88); SCBnever 472/579 (82)]. CONCLUSION Long-term therapy with flecainide or propafenone appeared to be safe in the EAST-AFNET 4 trial to deliver effective ERC therapy, including in selected patients with stable cardiovascular disease such as coronary artery disease and stable HF. Clinical Trial Registration ISRCTN04708680, NCT01288352, EudraCT2010-021258-20, www.easttrial.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rillig
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, Germany
| | - Lars Eckardt
- Atrial Fibrillation Network (AFNET), Mendelstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Cardiology II—Electrophysiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katrin Borof
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A John Camm
- Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George’s University of London, London, UK
| | - Harry J G M Crijns
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Goette
- Atrial Fibrillation Network (AFNET), Mendelstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- St. Vincenz Hospital, Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany
- Working Group of Molecular Electrophysiology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Günter Breithardt
- Atrial Fibrillation Network (AFNET), Mendelstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Cardiology II—Electrophysiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Marc D Lemoine
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Metzner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, Germany
| | - Laura Rottner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schotten
- Department of Physiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Eik Vettorazzi
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karl Wegscheider
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, Germany
- Atrial Fibrillation Network (AFNET), Mendelstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonia Zapf
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hein Heidbuchel
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cardiovascular Research, GENCOR, Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Stephan Willems
- Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Klinik für Kardiologie und internistische Intensivmedizin, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Larissa Fabritz
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, Germany
- Atrial Fibrillation Network (AFNET), Mendelstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Renate B Schnabel
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, Germany
- Atrial Fibrillation Network (AFNET), Mendelstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christina Magnussen
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, Germany
| | - Paulus Kirchhof
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, Germany
- Atrial Fibrillation Network (AFNET), Mendelstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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18
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Rove JY, Cain MT, Hoffman JR, Reece TB. Noteworthy in Cardiothoracic Surgery 2023. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2024; 28:100-105. [PMID: 38631341 DOI: 10.1177/10892532241246037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Noteworthy in Cardiothoracic Surgery 2023 summarizes a few of the most high-impact trials and provocative trends in cardiothoracic surgery and transplantation this past year. Transplantation using organs procured from donation after circulatory death (DCD) continues to increase, and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons released recommendations on best practices in 2023. We review a summary of data on the impact of DCD on heart and lung transplantation. There has been increased interest in extracorporeal life support (ECLS), particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic, and we review the results of the highly discussed ECLS-SHOCK trial, which randomized patients in cardiogenic shock with planned revascularization to ECLS vs usual care. With improving survival outcomes in complex aortic surgery, there is a need for higher-quality evidence to guide which cooling and cerebral perfusion strategies may optimize cognitive outcomes in these patients. We review the short-term outcomes of the GOT ICE trial (Cognitive Effects of Body Temperature During Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest), a multicenter, randomized controlled trial of three different nadir temperatures, evaluating outcomes in cognition and associated changes in functional magnetic resonance imaging. Finally, both the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) and the American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, American College of Chest Physicians and Heart Rhythm Society (ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS) updated atrial fibrillation guidelines in 2023, and we review surgically relevant updates to the guidelines and the evidence behind them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Y Rove
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael T Cain
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jordan R Hoffman
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - T Brett Reece
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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19
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Ma C, Wu S, Liu S, Han Y. Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2024; 47:714-770. [PMID: 38687179 DOI: 10.1111/pace.14920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, significantly impacting patients' quality of life and increasing the risk of death, stroke, heart failure, and dementia. Over the past two decades, there have been significant breakthroughs in AF risk prediction and screening, stroke prevention, rhythm control, catheter ablation, and integrated management. During this period, the scale, quality, and experience of AF management in China have greatly improved, providing a solid foundation for the development of the guidelines for the diagnosis and management of AF. To further promote standardized AF management, and apply new technologies and concepts to clinical practice timely and fully, the Chinese Society of Cardiology of Chinese Medical Association and the Heart Rhythm Committee of Chinese Society of Biomedical Engineering jointly developed the Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation. The guidelines comprehensively elaborated on various aspects of AF management and proposed the CHA2DS2‑VASc‑60 stroke risk score based on the characteristics of the Asian AF population. The guidelines also reevaluated the clinical application of AF screening, emphasized the significance of early rhythm control, and highlighted the central role of catheter ablation in rhythm control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Ma
- Chinese Society of Cardiology, Chinese Medical Association, Heart Rhythm Committee of Chinese Society of Biomedical Engineering, Beijing, China
| | - Shulin Wu
- Chinese Society of Cardiology, Chinese Medical Association, Heart Rhythm Committee of Chinese Society of Biomedical Engineering, Beijing, China
| | - Shaowen Liu
- Chinese Society of Cardiology, Chinese Medical Association, Heart Rhythm Committee of Chinese Society of Biomedical Engineering, Beijing, China
| | - Yaling Han
- Chinese Society of Cardiology, Chinese Medical Association, Heart Rhythm Committee of Chinese Society of Biomedical Engineering, Beijing, China
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20
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Kistler PM, Sanders P, Amarena JV, Bain CR, Chia KM, Choo WK, Eslick AT, Hall T, Hopper IK, Kotschet E, Lim HS, Ling LH, Mahajan R, Marasco SF, McGuire MA, McLellan AJ, Pathak RK, Phillips KP, Prabhu S, Stiles MK, Sy RW, Thomas SP, Toy T, Watts TW, Weerasooriya R, Wilsmore BR, Wilson L, Kalman JM. 2023 Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand Expert Position Statement on Catheter and Surgical Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation. Heart Lung Circ 2024; 33:828-881. [PMID: 38702234 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2023.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) has increased exponentially in many developed countries, including Australia and New Zealand. This Expert Position Statement on Catheter and Surgical Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation from the Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand (CSANZ) recognises healthcare factors, expertise and expenditure relevant to the Australian and New Zealand healthcare environments including considerations of potential implications for First Nations Peoples. The statement is cognisant of international advice but tailored to local conditions and populations, and is intended to be used by electrophysiologists, cardiologists and general physicians across all disciplines caring for patients with AF. They are also intended to provide guidance to healthcare facilities seeking to establish or maintain catheter ablation for AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Kistler
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; The Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
| | - Prash Sanders
- University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Chris R Bain
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Karin M Chia
- Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wai-Kah Choo
- Gold Coast University Hospital, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia; Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Adam T Eslick
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | - Ingrid K Hopper
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Emily Kotschet
- Victorian Heart Hospital, Monash Health, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Han S Lim
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Austin Health, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Northern Health, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Liang-Han Ling
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; The Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Rajiv Mahajan
- University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Lyell McEwin Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Silvana F Marasco
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | | | - Alex J McLellan
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Rajeev K Pathak
- Australian National University and Canberra Heart Rhythm, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Karen P Phillips
- Brisbane AF Clinic, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Sandeep Prabhu
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; The Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Martin K Stiles
- Waikato Clinical School, University of Auckland, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Raymond W Sy
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stuart P Thomas
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tracey Toy
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Troy W Watts
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Rukshen Weerasooriya
- Hollywood Private Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia; University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | | | - Jonathan M Kalman
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
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21
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Kato Y, Tsutsui K, Nakano S, Hayashi T, Suda S. Cardioembolic Stroke: Past Advancements, Current Challenges, and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5777. [PMID: 38891965 PMCID: PMC11171744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardioembolic stroke accounts for over 20% of ischemic strokes and is associated with worse outcomes than other types of strokes. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common risk factor for cardioembolic stroke. In this narrative review, we present an update about cardioembolic stroke mainly related to AF and atrial cardiopathy. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have revolutionized stroke prevention in patients with AF; however, their efficacy in preventing recurrent embolic stroke of unknown source remains uncertain. Various cardiac monitoring methods are used to detect AF, which is crucial for preventing stroke recurrence. DOACs are preferred over warfarin for AF-related stroke prevention; however, the timing of initiation after acute ischemic stroke is debated. Resuming anticoagulation after intracerebral hemorrhage in AF patients requires careful assessment of the risks. While catheter ablation may reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events, its effect on stroke prevention is unclear, especially in heart failure patients. Atrial cardiopathy is the emerging cause of embolic stroke of unknown source, which indicates atrial structural and functional disorders that can precede AF. Future research should focus on refining stroke risk prediction models, optimizing AF detection, understanding the roles of ablation and anticoagulation in stroke prevention, and establishing atrial cardiopathy as a therapeutic target, which could significantly reduce the burden of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Kato
- Department of Neurology and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka 350-1298, Japan; (T.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Kenta Tsutsui
- Department of Cardiology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka 350-1298, Japan; (K.T.); (S.N.)
- Department of Cardiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Shintaro Nakano
- Department of Cardiology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka 350-1298, Japan; (K.T.); (S.N.)
| | - Takeshi Hayashi
- Department of Neurology and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka 350-1298, Japan; (T.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Satoshi Suda
- Department of Neurology and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka 350-1298, Japan; (T.H.); (S.S.)
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22
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Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac dysrhythmia encountered in practice. It is currently estimated that AF affects approximately 2% of the general population; however, the true prevalence of AF is likely to be at least 3%-4% when asymptomatic AF is considered. For clinically apparent AF, the investigations and management are relatively well established. The identification of minimally symptomatic patients is challenging, and furthermore, the optimal management is less certain. Although there is some debate about the ideal treatment pathway for asymptomatic AF, in most cases, the investigations and comprehensive management follow the same recommendations as clinically apparent AF. In contrast, beyond risk factor optimisation, the ideal management of subclinical or device-detected AF remains undefined. The purpose of the current review is to discuss the assessment and management of asymptomatic AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason G Andrade
- Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc W Deyell
- Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Richard Bennett
- Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Laurent Macle
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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23
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Jia S, Yin Y, Mou X, Zheng J, Li Z, Hu T, Zhao J, Lin J, Song J, Cheng F, Wang Y, Li K, Lin W, Feng C, Ge W, Xia S. Association between triglyceride-glucose index trajectories and radiofrequency ablation outcomes in patients with stage 3D atrial fibrillation. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:121. [PMID: 38581024 PMCID: PMC10998403 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02219-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates the relationship between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index trajectories and the results of ablation in patients with stage 3D atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS A retrospective cohort study was carried out on patients who underwent AF Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation (RFCA) at the Cardiology Department of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University and Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province from January 2016 to December 2022. The main clinical endpoint was determined as the occurrence of atrial arrhythmia for at least 30 s following a 3-month period after ablation. Using a latent class trajectory model, different trajectory groups were identified based on TyG levels. The relationship between TyG trajectory and the outcome of AF recurrence in patients was assessed through Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS The study included 997 participants, with an average age of 63.21 ± 9.84 years, of whom 630 were males (63.19%). The mean follow-up period for the participants was 30.43 ± 17.75 months, during which 200 individuals experienced AF recurrence. Utilizing the minimum Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and the maximum Entropy principle, TyG levels post-AF RFCA were divided into three groups: Locus 1 low-low group (n = 791), Locus 2 low-high-low group (n = 14), and Locus 3 high-high group (n = 192). Significant differences in survival rates among the different trajectories were observed through the Kaplan-Meier curve (P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed a significant association between baseline TyG level and AF recurrence outcomes (HR = 1.255, 95% CI: 1.087-1.448). Patients with TyG levels above 9.37 had a higher risk of adverse outcomes compared to those with levels below 8.67 (HR = 2.056, 95% CI: 1.335-3.166). Furthermore, individuals in Locus 3 had a higher incidence of outcomes compared to those in Locus 1 (HR = 1.580, 95% CI: 1.146-2). CONCLUSION The TyG trajectories in patients with stage 3D AF are significantly linked to the outcomes of AF recurrence. Continuous monitoring of TyG levels during follow-up may help in identifying patients at high risk of AF recurrence, enabling the early application of effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixiang Jia
- Department of Cardiology, International School of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Yanping Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Dongdu Road Linhai, Linhai, Zhejiang Province, 317000, China
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang Province, 317000, China
| | - Xuanting Mou
- Department of Cardiology, International School of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, International School of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
- QuzhouPeoplès Hospital, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou, Zhejiang Province, 324000, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Cardiology, International School of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Tianli Hu
- Department of Cardiology, International School of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Jianqiang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, International School of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Jiangbo Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Dongdu Road Linhai, Linhai, Zhejiang Province, 317000, China
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang Province, 317000, China
| | - Jiaqi Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Fanli Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, International School of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Yiran Wang
- Department of Cardiology, International School of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Kaini Li
- Department of Cardiology, International School of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Wenting Lin
- Department of Cardiology, International School of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Department of Cardiology, International School of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Weili Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Dongdu Road Linhai, Linhai, Zhejiang Province, 317000, China.
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang Province, 317000, China.
| | - Shudong Xia
- Department of Cardiology, International School of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China.
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24
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Robles AG, Palamà Z, Scarà A, Borrelli A, Gianfrancesco D, Bartolomucci F, Nesti M, Cavarretta E, De Masi De Luca G, Romano S, Sciarra L. Ablation of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: between Present and Future. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2024; 25:140. [PMID: 39076570 PMCID: PMC11264009 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2504140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is the established cornerstone for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation, indeed current guidelines recognize PVI as the gold standard for first-time AF ablation, regardless of if it is paroxysmal or persistent. Since 1998 when Haïssaguerre pioneered AF ablation demonstrating a burden reduction after segmental pulmonary vein (PV) ablation, our approach to PVI was superior in terms of methodology and technology. This review aims to describe how paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ablation has evolved over the last twenty years. We will focus on available techniques, a mechanistic understanding of paroxysmal AF genesis and the possibility of a tailored approach for the treatment of AF, before concluding with a future perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gianluca Robles
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
- Cardiology Department, Ospedale “L. Bonomo”, 76123 Andria, Italy
| | - Zefferino Palamà
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
- Electrophysiology Unit, Casa di Cura “Villa Verde”, 74121 Taranto, Italy
| | - Antonio Scarà
- GVM Care and Research, Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Borrelli
- GVM Care and Research, Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Martina Nesti
- Cardiology Unit, CNR Fondazione Toscana “Gabriele Monasterio”, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elena Cavarretta
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
- Cardiovascular Department, Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122 Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriele De Masi De Luca
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
- Department of Cardiology, Ospedale Panico, 73039 Tricase, Italy
| | - Silvio Romano
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Luigi Sciarra
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
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Linz D, Andrade JG, Arbelo E, Boriani G, Breithardt G, Camm AJ, Caso V, Nielsen JC, De Melis M, De Potter T, Dichtl W, Diederichsen SZ, Dobrev D, Doll N, Duncker D, Dworatzek E, Eckardt L, Eisert C, Fabritz L, Farkowski M, Filgueiras-Rama D, Goette A, Guasch E, Hack G, Hatem S, Haeusler KG, Healey JS, Heidbuechel H, Hijazi Z, Hofmeister LH, Hove-Madsen L, Huebner T, Kääb S, Kotecha D, Malaczynska-Rajpold K, Merino JL, Metzner A, Mont L, Ng GA, Oeff M, Parwani AS, Puererfellner H, Ravens U, Rienstra M, Sanders P, Scherr D, Schnabel R, Schotten U, Sohns C, Steinbeck G, Steven D, Toennis T, Tzeis S, van Gelder IC, van Leerdam RH, Vernooy K, Wadhwa M, Wakili R, Willems S, Witt H, Zeemering S, Kirchhof P. Longer and better lives for patients with atrial fibrillation: the 9th AFNET/EHRA consensus conference. Europace 2024; 26:euae070. [PMID: 38591838 PMCID: PMC11003300 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euae070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Recent trial data demonstrate beneficial effects of active rhythm management in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and support the concept that a low arrhythmia burden is associated with a low risk of AF-related complications. The aim of this document is to summarize the key outcomes of the 9th AFNET/EHRA Consensus Conference of the Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET) and the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA). METHODS AND RESULTS Eighty-three international experts met in Münster for 2 days in September 2023. Key findings are as follows: (i) Active rhythm management should be part of the default initial treatment for all suitable patients with AF. (ii) Patients with device-detected AF have a low burden of AF and a low risk of stroke. Anticoagulation prevents some strokes and also increases major but non-lethal bleeding. (iii) More research is needed to improve stroke risk prediction in patients with AF, especially in those with a low AF burden. Biomolecules, genetics, and imaging can support this. (iv) The presence of AF should trigger systematic workup and comprehensive treatment of concomitant cardiovascular conditions. (v) Machine learning algorithms have been used to improve detection or likely development of AF. Cooperation between clinicians and data scientists is needed to leverage the potential of data science applications for patients with AF. CONCLUSIONS Patients with AF and a low arrhythmia burden have a lower risk of stroke and other cardiovascular events than those with a high arrhythmia burden. Combining active rhythm control, anticoagulation, rate control, and therapy of concomitant cardiovascular conditions can improve the lives of patients with AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Linz
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jason G Andrade
- Division of Cardiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Elena Arbelo
- Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart—ERN GUARD-Heart
| | - Giuseppe Boriani
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Polyclinic of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Guenter Breithardt
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital, Münster, Germany
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Muenster, Germany
| | - A John Camm
- Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Valeria Caso
- Stroke Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Jens Cosedis Nielsen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Wolfgang Dichtl
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Doll
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Schüchtermann-Klinik, Bad Rothenfelde, Germany
| | - David Duncker
- Hannover Heart Rhythm Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Lars Eckardt
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Muenster, Germany
- Department of Cardiology II—Electrophysiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Larissa Fabritz
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Muenster, Germany
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, UHZ, UKE, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site: Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Michal Farkowski
- Department of Cardiology, Ministry of Interior and Administration, National Medical Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - David Filgueiras-Rama
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Novel Arrhythmogenic Mechanisms Program, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Cardiovascular Institute, C/ Profesor Martín Lagos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreas Goette
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Muenster, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, St Vincenz-Hospital Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Eduard Guasch
- Institut d’Investigació August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guido Hack
- Bristol-Myers Squibb GmbH & Co. KGaA, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Karl Georg Haeusler
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Muenster, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg (UKW), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jeff S Healey
- Division of Cardiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hein Heidbuechel
- Antwerp University Hospital, Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ziad Hijazi
- Antwerp University Hospital, Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Leif Hove-Madsen
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
- IR Sant Pau, Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Stefan Kääb
- European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart—ERN GUARD-Heart
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Dipak Kotecha
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Katarzyna Malaczynska-Rajpold
- Lister Hospital, East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, Stevenage, UK
- Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - José Luis Merino
- La Paz University Hospital, IdiPaz, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreas Metzner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lluís Mont
- Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ghulam Andre Ng
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Michael Oeff
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Muenster, Germany
- Cardiology Department, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg, Brandenburg/Havel, Germany
| | - Abdul Shokor Parwani
- Department of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (CVK), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ursula Ravens
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Muenster, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Clinic Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michiel Rienstra
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Prashanthan Sanders
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Daniel Scherr
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Renate Schnabel
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Muenster, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site: Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schotten
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Muenster, Germany
- Departments of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Sohns
- Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Klinik für Elektrophysiologie—Rhythmologie, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Steinbeck
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Muenster, Germany
- Center for Cardiology at Clinic Starnberg, Starnberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Steven
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Muenster, Germany
- Heart Center, Department of Electrophysiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tobias Toennis
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site: Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Isabelle C van Gelder
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kevin Vernooy
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Manish Wadhwa
- Medical Office, Philips Ambulatory Monitoring and Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Reza Wakili
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Muenster, Germany
- Department of Medicine and Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Germany
| | - Stephan Willems
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Muenster, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site: Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Asklepios Hospital St. Georg, Department of Cardiology and Internal Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University Campus, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Stef Zeemering
- Departments of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paulus Kirchhof
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Muenster, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site: Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, Hamburg, Germany
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26
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Tzeis S, Gerstenfeld EP, Kalman J, Saad EB, Sepehri Shamloo A, Andrade JG, Barbhaiya CR, Baykaner T, Boveda S, Calkins H, Chan NY, Chen M, Chen SA, Dagres N, Damiano RJ, De Potter T, Deisenhofer I, Derval N, Di Biase L, Duytschaever M, Dyrda K, Hindricks G, Hocini M, Kim YH, la Meir M, Merino JL, Michaud GF, Natale A, Nault I, Nava S, Nitta T, O’Neill M, Pak HN, Piccini JP, Pürerfellner H, Reichlin T, Saenz LC, Sanders P, Schilling R, Schmidt B, Supple GE, Thomas KL, Tondo C, Verma A, Wan EY. 2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation. Europace 2024; 26:euae043. [PMID: 38587017 PMCID: PMC11000153 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In the last three decades, ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has become an evidence-based safe and efficacious treatment for managing the most common cardiac arrhythmia. In 2007, the first joint expert consensus document was issued, guiding healthcare professionals involved in catheter or surgical AF ablation. Mounting research evidence and technological advances have resulted in a rapidly changing landscape in the field of catheter and surgical AF ablation, thus stressing the need for regularly updated versions of this partnership which were issued in 2012 and 2017. Seven years after the last consensus, an updated document was considered necessary to define a contemporary framework for selection and management of patients considered for or undergoing catheter or surgical AF ablation. This consensus is a joint effort from collaborating cardiac electrophysiology societies, namely the European Heart Rhythm Association, the Heart Rhythm Society, the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society, and the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society .
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Affiliation(s)
- Stylianos Tzeis
- Department of Cardiology, Mitera Hospital, 6, Erythrou Stavrou Str., Marousi, Athens, PC 151 23, Greece
| | - Edward P Gerstenfeld
- Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Kalman
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne and Baker Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eduardo B Saad
- Electrophysiology and Pacing, Hospital Samaritano Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jason G Andrade
- Department of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Tina Baykaner
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Serge Boveda
- Heart Rhythm Management Department, Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France
- Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hugh Calkins
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ngai-Yin Chan
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Minglong Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shih-Ann Chen
- Heart Rhythm Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, and Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Ralph J Damiano
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Isabel Deisenhofer
- Department of Electrophysiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University of Munich (TUM) School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicolas Derval
- IHU LIRYC, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Cardiac Electrophysiology and Stimulation Department, Fondation Bordeaux Université and Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac-Bordeaux, France
| | - Luigi Di Biase
- Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Katia Dyrda
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Meleze Hocini
- IHU LIRYC, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Cardiac Electrophysiology and Stimulation Department, Fondation Bordeaux Université and Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac-Bordeaux, France
| | - Young-Hoon Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Korea University College of Medicine and Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mark la Meir
- Cardiac Surgery Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jose Luis Merino
- La Paz University Hospital, Idipaz, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Viamed Santa Elena, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Andrea Natale
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David’s Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Interventional Electrophysiology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Division of Cardiology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabelle Nault
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Quebec (IUCPQ), Quebec, Canada
| | - Santiago Nava
- Departamento de Electrocardiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología ‘Ignacio Chávez’, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Takashi Nitta
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mark O’Neill
- Cardiovascular Directorate, St. Thomas’ Hospital and King’s College, London, UK
| | - Hui-Nam Pak
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Tobias Reichlin
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital Bern, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Luis Carlos Saenz
- International Arrhythmia Center, Cardioinfantil Foundation, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Prashanthan Sanders
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Boris Schmidt
- Cardioangiologisches Centrum Bethanien, Medizinische Klinik III, Agaplesion Markuskrankenhaus, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gregory E Supple
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Section, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Claudio Tondo
- Department of Clinical Electrophysiology and Cardiac Pacing, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Atul Verma
- McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Elaine Y Wan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
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27
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MA CS, WU SL, LIU SW, HAN YL. Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation. J Geriatr Cardiol 2024; 21:251-314. [PMID: 38665287 PMCID: PMC11040055 DOI: 10.26599/1671-5411.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, significantly impacting patients' quality of life and increasing the risk of death, stroke, heart failure, and dementia. Over the past two decades, there have been significant breakthroughs in AF risk prediction and screening, stroke prevention, rhythm control, catheter ablation, and integrated management. During this period, the scale, quality, and experience of AF management in China have greatly improved, providing a solid foundation for the development of guidelines for the diagnosis and management of AF. To further promote standardized AF management, and apply new technologies and concepts to clinical practice in a timely and comprehensive manner, the Chinese Society of Cardiology of the Chinese Medical Association and the Heart Rhythm Committee of the Chinese Society of Biomedical Engineering have jointly developed the Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation. The guidelines have comprehensively elaborated on various aspects of AF management and proposed the CHA2DS2-VASc-60 stroke risk score based on the characteristics of AF in the Asian population. The guidelines have also reevaluated the clinical application of AF screening, emphasized the significance of early rhythm control, and highlighted the central role of catheter ablation in rhythm control.
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28
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Yang J, Song Y, Bian S, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Wang X, Cheng L, Fan Y, Liu C, Tan H. Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of a novel substrate-based radiofrequency ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation: a prospective, randomised, parallel-controlled, single-blinded study protocol. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e080539. [PMID: 38417952 PMCID: PMC10900394 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is the cornerstone of radiofrequency (RF) ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF). However, a single ablation strategy does not always achieve the desired therapeutic effect in all patients with persistent AF, and individualised strategies are required for different clinical characteristics. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study aimed to determine the optimal catheter ablation strategy for persistent AF by comparing the efficacy of PVI and BCXL (BC: big circles encircling pulmonary vein isolation; XL: unfixed number of lines based on the left atrial substrate). The BCXL-AF study (clinical trial no. ChiCTR2200067081) was designed as a prospective, randomised, parallel-controlled, single-blinded clinical trial. Overall, 400 patients with persistent AF were randomised in a 1:1 ratio into PVI-only and BCXL-individualised ablation groups. Patients randomised to the individualised ablation group will be further categorised into risk strata according to their clinical condition using the actual ablation method determined by the strata. Seven postoperative visits were conducted from discharge to 24 months of age. The primary observation endpoint will be the incidence of atrial tachyarrhythmia (including AF, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia with a duration of ≥30 s) without using antiarrhythmic drugs after a blank period of 3 months following a single ablation procedure. The BCXL-AF study will assess an optimal approach for persistent AF RF ablation and evaluate the effectiveness of individualised RF ablation strategies in reducing the recurrence rate of AF. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study protocol was reviewed, and ethical approval was obtained from the Army Medical University Human Ethics Committee (approval number: 2022-484-01). All the participants provided written informed consent. This study was conducted according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and its amendments. The results of this study will be disseminated through manuscript publication and conference presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR2200067081.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanbin Song
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shizhu Bian
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Changsong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hu Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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29
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Könemann H, Güler-Eren S, Ellermann C, Frommeyer G, Eckardt L. Antiarrhythmic Treatment in Heart Failure. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2024; 21:22-32. [PMID: 38224446 PMCID: PMC10828006 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-023-00642-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Arrhythmias are common in patients with heart failure (HF) and are associated with a significant risk of mortality and morbidity. Optimal antiarrhythmic treatment is therefore essential. Here, we review current approaches to antiarrhythmic treatment in patients with HF. RECENT FINDINGS In atrial fibrillation, rhythm control and ventricular rate control are accepted therapeutic strategies. In recent years, clinical trials have demonstrated a prognostic benefit of early rhythm control strategies and AF catheter ablation, especially in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction. Prevention of sudden cardiac death with ICD therapy is essential, but optimal risk stratification is challenging. For ventricular tachycardias, recent data support early consideration of catheter ablation. Antiarrhythmic drug therapy is an adjunctive therapy in symptomatic patients but has no prognostic benefit and well-recognized (proarrhythmic) adverse effects. Antiarrhythmic therapy in HF requires a systematic, multimodal approach, starting with guideline-directed medical therapy for HF and integrating pharmacological, device, and interventional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilke Könemann
- Department of Cardiology II: Electrophysiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
| | - Sati Güler-Eren
- Department of Cardiology II: Electrophysiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Ellermann
- Department of Cardiology II: Electrophysiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerrit Frommeyer
- Department of Cardiology II: Electrophysiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lars Eckardt
- Department of Cardiology II: Electrophysiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
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30
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Shantsila E, Choi EK, Lane DA, Joung B, Lip GY. Atrial fibrillation: comorbidities, lifestyle, and patient factors. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. EUROPE 2024; 37:100784. [PMID: 38362547 PMCID: PMC10866737 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Modern anticoagulation therapy has dramatically reduced the risk of stroke and systemic thromboembolism in people with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, AF still impairs quality of life, increases the risk of stroke and heart failure, and is linked to cognitive impairment. There is also a recognition of the residual risk of thromboembolic complications despite anticoagulation. Hence, AF management is evolving towards a more comprehensive understanding of risk factors predisposing to the development of this arrhythmia, its' complications and interventions to mitigate the risk. This review summarises the recent advances in understanding of risk factors for incident AF and managing these risk factors. It includes a discussion of lifestyle, somatic, psychological, and socioeconomic risk factors. The available data call for a practice shift towards a more individualised approach considering an increasingly broader range of health and patient factors contributing to AF-related health burden. The review highlights the needs of people living with co-morbidities (especially with multimorbidity), polypharmacy and the role of the changing population demographics affecting the European region and globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Shantsila
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Brownlow Group GP Practice, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Eue-Keun Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deirdre A. Lane
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Boyoung Joung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gregory Y.H. Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark
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31
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Gao P, Gao X, Xie B, Tse G, Liu T. Aging and atrial fibrillation: A vicious circle. Int J Cardiol 2024; 395:131445. [PMID: 37848123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the commonest sustained cardiac arrhythmia observed in clinical practice. Its prevalence increases dramatically with advancing age. This review article discusses the recent advances in studies investigating the relationship between aging and AF and the possible underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyi Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bingxin Xie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Gary Tse
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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32
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Joglar JA, Chung MK, Armbruster AL, Benjamin EJ, Chyou JY, Cronin EM, Deswal A, Eckhardt LL, Goldberger ZD, Gopinathannair R, Gorenek B, Hess PL, Hlatky M, Hogan G, Ibeh C, Indik JH, Kido K, Kusumoto F, Link MS, Linta KT, Marcus GM, McCarthy PM, Patel N, Patton KK, Perez MV, Piccini JP, Russo AM, Sanders P, Streur MM, Thomas KL, Times S, Tisdale JE, Valente AM, Van Wagoner DR. 2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2024; 149:e1-e156. [PMID: 38033089 PMCID: PMC11095842 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 286.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM The "2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation" provides recommendations to guide clinicians in the treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from May 12, 2022, to November 3, 2022, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and other selected databases relevant to this guideline. Additional relevant studies, published through November 2022, during the guideline writing process, were also considered by the writing committee and added to the evidence tables, where appropriate. STRUCTURE Atrial fibrillation is the most sustained common arrhythmia, and its incidence and prevalence are increasing in the United States and globally. Recommendations from the "2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation" and the "2019 AHA/ACC/HRS Focused Update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation" have been updated with new evidence to guide clinicians. In addition, new recommendations addressing atrial fibrillation and thromboembolic risk assessment, anticoagulation, left atrial appendage occlusion, atrial fibrillation catheter or surgical ablation, and risk factor modification and atrial fibrillation prevention have been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anita Deswal
- ACC/AHA Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines liaison
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul L Hess
- ACC/AHA Joint Committee on Performance Measures liaison
| | | | | | | | | | - Kazuhiko Kido
- American College of Clinical Pharmacy representative
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33
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Joglar JA, Chung MK, Armbruster AL, Benjamin EJ, Chyou JY, Cronin EM, Deswal A, Eckhardt LL, Goldberger ZD, Gopinathannair R, Gorenek B, Hess PL, Hlatky M, Hogan G, Ibeh C, Indik JH, Kido K, Kusumoto F, Link MS, Linta KT, Marcus GM, McCarthy PM, Patel N, Patton KK, Perez MV, Piccini JP, Russo AM, Sanders P, Streur MM, Thomas KL, Times S, Tisdale JE, Valente AM, Van Wagoner DR. 2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 83:109-279. [PMID: 38043043 PMCID: PMC11104284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM The "2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation" provides recommendations to guide clinicians in the treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from May 12, 2022, to November 3, 2022, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and other selected databases relevant to this guideline. Additional relevant studies, published through November 2022, during the guideline writing process, were also considered by the writing committee and added to the evidence tables, where appropriate. STRUCTURE Atrial fibrillation is the most sustained common arrhythmia, and its incidence and prevalence are increasing in the United States and globally. Recommendations from the "2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation" and the "2019 AHA/ACC/HRS Focused Update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation" have been updated with new evidence to guide clinicians. In addition, new recommendations addressing atrial fibrillation and thromboembolic risk assessment, anticoagulation, left atrial appendage occlusion, atrial fibrillation catheter or surgical ablation, and risk factor modification and atrial fibrillation prevention have been developed.
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34
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Elsheikh S, Hill A, Irving G, Lip GYH, Abdul-Rahim AH. Atrial fibrillation and stroke: State-of-the-art and future directions. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102181. [PMID: 37913929 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The two conditions shared common co-morbidities and risk factors. AF-related strokes are associated with worse clinical outcomes and higher mortality compared to non-AF-related. Early detection of AF is vital for prevention. While various scores have been developed to predict AF in such a high-risk group, they are yet to incorporated into clinical guidelines. Novel markers and predictors of AF including coronary and intracranial arterial calcification have also been studied. There are also ongoing debates on the management of acute stroke in patients with AF, and those who experienced breakthrough stroke while on oral anticoagulants. We provided an overview of the complex interplay between AF and stroke, as well as the treatment and secondary prevention of stroke in AF. We also comprehensively discussed the current evidence and the ongoing conundrums, and highlighted the future directions on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Elsheikh
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Mersey and West Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St Helens, UK.
| | - Andrew Hill
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK; Mersey and West Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St Helens, UK
| | - Greg Irving
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK; Health Research Institute, Edge Hill University Faculty of Health and Social Care, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Danish Centre for Health Services Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Azmil H Abdul-Rahim
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Mersey and West Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St Helens, UK
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Shigeta T, Miyazaki S, Inaba O, Inamura Y, Nitta J, Sekiguchi Y, Takahashi A, Hachiya H, Nagata Y, Yamauchi Y, Hayashi T, Iwai S, Mizukami A, Ono Y, Handa K, Suzuki M, Suzuki A, Nakajima J, Hirao K, Okada H, Negishi M, Ikenouchi T, Yamamoto T, Goto K, Nishimura T, Tao S, Takigawa M, Hirakawa A, Goya M, Sasano T. Adjunctive posterior wall isolation for the treatment of persistent and longstanding persistent atrial fibrillation (CORNERSTONE AF) trial: Design and rationale. Clin Cardiol 2024; 47:e24164. [PMID: 37822107 PMCID: PMC10766127 DOI: 10.1002/clc.24164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A left atrial posterior wall isolation (LAPWI) is one of the atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation strategies. HYPOTHESIS We hypothesized that an additional empirical LAPWI would increase the freedom from recurrent atrial arrhythmias as compared to standard AF ablation in persistent AF patients. METHODS The CORNERSTONE AF study is a prospective, randomized, multicenter study investigating patients with AF persisting for >7 days and <3 years undergoing first-time AF ablation. They will be randomized to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) or PVI + LAPWI in a 1:1 manner. Although PVI can be performed with either radiofrequency catheters or cryoballoons, only radiofrequency catheters will be permitted to achieve LAPWIs. Additional focal ablation targeting non-pulmonary vein triggers will be allowed. A total of 516 patients will be enrolled in 17 centers between August 2022 and February 2024 based on the calculation with 80% power, considering the assumption that 65% and 75% of the PVI and PVI + LAPWI group patients will be free from atrial arrhythmia recurrence 18-months postprocedure (10% of dropout). The primary endpoint is freedom from documented atrial arrhythmias 18 months postsingle procedures. Clinical follow-up will include 7-day ambulatory electrocardiograms and routine outpatient consultations by electrophysiologists at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months postprocedure. RESULTS As of August 2023, a total of 331 patients (68 ± 9 years, 270 men, 43 longstanding persistent AF) have been enrolled. CONCLUSIONS The CORNERSTONE AF study is a prospective, randomized, multicenter trial designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an adjunctive empirical LAPWI following standard AF ablation in persistent AF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takatoshi Shigeta
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Shinsuke Miyazaki
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Osamu Inaba
- Department of CardiologyJapanese Red Cross Saitama HospitalSaitamaJapan
| | - Yukihiro Inamura
- Department of CardiologyJapanese Red Cross Saitama HospitalSaitamaJapan
| | - Junichi Nitta
- Department of CardiologySakakibara Heart InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Yukio Sekiguchi
- Department of CardiologySakakibara Heart InstituteTokyoJapan
| | | | | | - Yasutoshi Nagata
- Department of CardiologyJapanese Red Cross Musashino HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Yasuteru Yamauchi
- Department of CardiologyJapanese Red Cross Yokohama City Bay HospitalKanagawaJapan
| | - Tatsuya Hayashi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saitama Medical CenterJichi Medical UniversitySaitamaJapan
| | - Shinsuke Iwai
- Department of CardiologyHiratsuka Kyosai HospitalKanagawaJapan
| | | | - Yuichi Ono
- Department of CardiologyOme Municipal General HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Keita Handa
- Division of CardiologyKashiwa City HospitalChibaJapan
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Department of CardiologyYokohama Minami Kyosai HospitalYokohamaJapan
| | | | - Jun Nakajima
- Department of CardiologyTokyo Metropolitan Toshima HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Kenzo Hirao
- Arrhythmia Advanced Therapy CenterAOI Universal HospitalKanagawaJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- Department of CardiologySoka Municipal HospitalSaitamaJapan
| | - Miho Negishi
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Takashi Ikenouchi
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Tasuku Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Kentaro Goto
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Takuro Nishimura
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Susumu Tao
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Masateru Takigawa
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Akihiro Hirakawa
- Department of Clinical Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Masahiko Goya
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Tetsuo Sasano
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
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36
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Boriani G, Bonini N, Vitolo M, Mei DA, Imberti JF, Gerra L, Romiti GF, Corica B, Proietti M, Diemberger I, Dan GA, Potpara T, Lip GY. Asymptomatic vs. symptomatic atrial fibrillation: Clinical outcomes in heart failure patients. Eur J Intern Med 2024; 119:53-63. [PMID: 37758565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outcome implications of asymptomatic vs. symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF) in specific groups of patients according to clinical heart failure (HF) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) need to be clarified. METHODS In a prospective observational study, patients were categorized according to overt HF with LVEF≤40 %, or with LVEF>40 %, or without overt HF with LVEF40 %≤ or > 40 %, as well as according to the presence of asymptomatic or symptomatic AF. RESULTS A total of 8096 patients, divided into 8 groups according to HF and LVEF, were included with similar proportions of asymptomatic AF (ranging from 43 to 48 %). After a median follow-up of 730 [699 -748] days, the composite outcome (all-cause death and MACE) was significantly worse for patients with asymptomatic AF associated with HF and reduced LVEF vs. symptomatic AF patients of the same group (p = 0.004). On adjusted Cox regression analysis, asymptomatic AF patients with HF and reduced LVEF were independently associated with a higher risk for the composite outcome (aHR 1.32, 95 % CI 1.04-1.69) and all-cause death (aHR 1.33, 95 % CI 1.02-1.73) compared to symptomatic AF patients with HF and reduced LVEF. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that HF-LVEF≤40 % asymptomatic patients had the highest cumulative incidence of all-cause death and MACE (p < 0.001 for both). CONCLUSIONS In a large European cohort of AF patients, the risk of the composite outcome at 2 years was not different between asymptomatic and symptomatic AF in the whole cohort but adverse implications for poor outcomes were found for asymptomatic AF in HF with LVEF≤40 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Boriani
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Via del Pozzo, 71, Modena 41124, Italy.
| | - Niccolo' Bonini
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Via del Pozzo, 71, Modena 41124, Italy; Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Vitolo
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Via del Pozzo, 71, Modena 41124, Italy; Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Davide A Mei
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Via del Pozzo, 71, Modena 41124, Italy; Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jacopo F Imberti
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Via del Pozzo, 71, Modena 41124, Italy; Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Luigi Gerra
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Via del Pozzo, 71, Modena 41124, Italy
| | - Giulio Francesco Romiti
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Bernadette Corica
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Proietti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Division of Subacute Care, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Milan, Italy
| | - Igor Diemberger
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gheorghe-Andrei Dan
- 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine, Colentina University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tatjana Potpara
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia; Cardiology Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Intensive Arrhythmia Care, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Gregory Yh Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Danish Center for Health Services Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Águila‐Gordo D, Jiménez‐Díaz J, Negreira‐Caamaño M, Martínez‐Del Rio J, Ruiz‐Pastor C, Sánchez Pérez I, Piqueras‐Flores J. Usefulness of risk scores and predictors of atrial fibrillation recurrence after elective electrical cardioversion. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2024; 29:e13095. [PMID: 37986620 PMCID: PMC10770812 DOI: 10.1111/anec.13095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Electrical cardioversion (ECV) is a frequently used procedure for restoring sinus rhythm in atrial fibrillation (AF); however, the rate of recurrence is high. The identification of patients at high risk of recurrence could influence the decision-making process. The present study evaluates the predictive value of risk scores in atrial fibrillation recurrence after elective electrical cardioversion. METHODS Unicentric, observational, and prospective study of adult patients who have undergone an elective ECV as rhythm control strategy between July 2017 and September 2022. RESULTS From the 283 analyzed patients (mean age 63.95 ± 10.76212, 74.9% male); 99 had paroxysmal AF (35%) and 159 (59%) presented AF recurrence during a follow-up of 6 months. In patients with post-ECV AF recurrence, the period of time from diagnosis until the performance of the procedure was longer (393 ± 891 vs. 195 ± 527, p = .02). No paroxysmal AF (71.3% vs. 57.8%, p = .02) and LA dilatation with >40 mL/m2 (35.9% vs. 23.3%, p = .02) volumes were more frequent within these patients. AF recurrence was more frequent in patients who had previous ECV (HR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.12-2.35; p = .01) and more than 1 shock to recover sinus rhythm (HR = 1.62; 95% CI: 1.07-1.63; p = .01). The SLAC, ALARMEc, ATLAS, and CAAP-AF scores were statistically significant, although with a moderate predictive capacity for post-ECV recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Risk scores analyzed showed a modest value predicting AF recurrence after ECV. Previous ECV, and greater difficulty in restoring SR were independent predictors of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Águila‐Gordo
- Cardiology DepartmentHospital General Universitario de Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain
| | - Javier Jiménez‐Díaz
- Arrhythmia Unit, Cardiology DepartmentHospital General Universitario de Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain
| | | | | | | | - Ignacio Sánchez Pérez
- Hemodynamics and Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardiology DepartmentHospital General Universitario de Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain
| | - Jesús Piqueras‐Flores
- Medicine FacultyCastilla La‐Mancha UniversityCiudad RealSpain
- Cardiomyopathies and Inherited Disease Unit, Cardiology DepartmentHospital General Universitario de Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain
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38
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Suomalainen OP, Martinez-Majander N, Broman J, Mannismäki L, Aro A, Curtze S, Pakarinen S, Lehto M, Putaala J. Stroke in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: Epidemiology, Screening, and Prognosis. J Clin Med 2023; 13:30. [PMID: 38202037 PMCID: PMC10779359 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrythmia and one of the strongest risk factors and causal mechanisms of ischemic stroke (IS). Acute IS due to AF tends to be more severe than with other etiology of IS and patients with treated AF have reported to experience worse outcomes after endovascular treatment compared with patients without AF. As cardioembolism accounts for more than a fifth of ISs and the risk of future stroke can be mitigated with effective anticoagulation, which has been shown to be effective and safe in patients with paroxysmal or sustained AF, the screening of patients with cryptogenic IS (CIS) for AF is paramount. Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) is a subtype of CIS with a high likelihood of cardioembolism. The European Stroke Organization and European Society of Cardiology guidelines recommend at least 72 h of screening when AF is suspected. The longer the screening and the earlier the time point after acute IS, the more likely the AF paroxysm is found. Several methods are available for short-term screening of AF, including in-hospital monitoring and wearable electrocardiogram recorders for home monitoring. Implantable loop monitors provide an effective long-term method to screen patients with high risk of AF after IS and artificial intelligence and convolutional neural networks may enhance the efficacy of AF screening in the future. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are preferred over vitamin K antagonists in both primary and secondary prevention of IS in AF patients. Recent data from the randomized controlled trials (RCT) also suggest that early initiation of DOAC treatment after acute IS is safe compared to later initiation. Anticoagulation treatment may still predispose for intracranial bleeding, particularly among patients with prior cerebrovascular events. Left atrial appendix closure offers an optional treatment choice for patients with prior intracranial hemorrhage and may offer an alternative to oral anticoagulation even for patients with IS, but these indications await validation in ongoing RCTs. There are still controversies related to the association of found AF paroxysms in CIS patients with prolonged screening, pertaining to the optimal duration of screening and screening strategies with prolonged monitoring techniques in patients with ESUS. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of epidemiology, screening, and prognosis in AF patients with stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olli Pekka Suomalainen
- Departments of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, P.O. Box 340, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (N.M.-M.); (J.B.); (L.M.); (S.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Nicolas Martinez-Majander
- Departments of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, P.O. Box 340, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (N.M.-M.); (J.B.); (L.M.); (S.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Jenna Broman
- Departments of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, P.O. Box 340, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (N.M.-M.); (J.B.); (L.M.); (S.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Laura Mannismäki
- Departments of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, P.O. Box 340, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (N.M.-M.); (J.B.); (L.M.); (S.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Aapo Aro
- Departments of Cardiology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (A.A.); (S.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Sami Curtze
- Departments of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, P.O. Box 340, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (N.M.-M.); (J.B.); (L.M.); (S.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Sami Pakarinen
- Departments of Cardiology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (A.A.); (S.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Mika Lehto
- Departments of Cardiology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (A.A.); (S.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Jukka Putaala
- Departments of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, P.O. Box 340, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (N.M.-M.); (J.B.); (L.M.); (S.C.); (J.P.)
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Beliaeva MM, Dzaurova KM, Yuricheva YA, Novikov PS, Mironov NY, Tarasovskiy GS, Zelberg MA, Sokolov SF, Golitsyn SP. Intravenous Cavutilide for Pharmacological Conversion of Paroxysmal and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Heart Failure. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:487. [PMID: 38132655 PMCID: PMC10744291 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10120487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to study the efficacy and safety of the class III antiarrhythmic agent cavutilide (Niferidil, Refralon) for pharmacological cardioversion in patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF). METHODS AND RESULTS In this retrospective cohort study, 58 patients with stable HF (aged 69 [61;73] years, 30 males, 78% with persistent AF) and 274 patients without HF (aged 63 [57;70] years, 196 males, 56% with persistent AF) were included. The median AF duration in the group with HF was 35.5 [10.6;124] days, and that in the group without HF was 14.5 [3.6;90] days. All patients received 5-30 µg/kg cavutilide intravenously in one to four (if needed) boluses of 5-5-10-10 µg/kg at 15 min intervals. Subsequent boluses were not administered if the patient's sinus rhythm (SR) was restored or if bradycardia, QT prolongation > 500 ms or evidence of proarrhythmia was observed. Holter electrocardiogram monitoring was started before infusion and was continued for 24 h. The main criterion for an antiarrhythmic effect was sinus rhythm restoration within 24 h of the initial bolus. RESULTS Cavutilide converted AF to SR in 37.9% of patients with HF after bolus 1 (5 µg/kg), in 58.6% after bolus 2 (cumulative dose = 10 µg/kg), in 74% of cases after bolus 3 (cumulative dose = 20 µg/kg) and in 92.8% of cases after bolus 4 (cumulative dose = 30 µg/kg). Cavutilide was effective in 89% of cases with persistent AF with a median duration of 70.5 [30;159] days and in 92% of cases with paroxysmal AF with a median duration of 36 [24;102] h. In the group of patients without HF, the effectiveness of bolus 1 was 36.9%, that of the bolus 2 was 58%, that of the bolus 3 was 77% and that of the bolus 4 was 90.1%. Cavutilide restored SR in 90% of patients with persistent AF with a median duration of 82.5 [28;180] days and in 90% of cases with paroxysmal AF with a median duration of 50 [24;120] h. No statistically significant difference in the probability of SR restoration or the effectiveness of each bolus of cavutilide was found between patients with and without HF. The median time to restoration of SR in patients with HF was 23 [11;55] min, and that in patients without HF was 22 [10;45] min (p = 0.424). No cases of symptomatic/severe bradycardia were observed in either group. QT prolongation over 500 ms after cavutilide injection was registered in 19% of patients without HF and in 15.5% of those with HF (p = 0.58). Short runs of Torsade de pointes tachycardia occurred in one patient (0.4%) without HF after 10 µg cavutilide administration and were successfully treated with MgSO4. CONCLUSIONS Cavutilide demonstrated a high likelihood of AF conversion to SR in paroxysmal (92%) and persistent (89%) arrhythmia and HF. Concomitant HF and its severity do not affect the efficacy and safety of cavutilide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M. Beliaeva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academic E.I.Chazov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Academician Chazov str., 15a, Moscow 121552, Russia
| | | | - Yulia A. Yuricheva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academic E.I.Chazov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Academician Chazov str., 15a, Moscow 121552, Russia
| | - Peter S. Novikov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academic E.I.Chazov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Academician Chazov str., 15a, Moscow 121552, Russia
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Korthals D, Eckardt L. The new European Society of Cardiology guideline for the management of cardiomyopathies: key messages for cardiac electrophysiologists. Herzschrittmacherther Elektrophysiol 2023; 34:311-323. [PMID: 37973628 PMCID: PMC10682323 DOI: 10.1007/s00399-023-00975-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Electrocardiographic findings and arrhythmias are common in cardiomyopathies. Both may be an early indication of a specific diagnosis or may occur due to myocardial fibrosis and/or reduced contractility. Brady- and tachyarrhythmias significantly contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiomyopathies. Antiarrhythmic therapy including risk stratification is often challenging and plays a major role for these patients. Thus, an "electrophysiological" perspective on guidelines on cardiomyopathies may be warranted. As the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) has recently published a new guideline for the management of cardiomyopathies, this overview aims to present key messages of these guidelines. Innovations include a new phenotype-based classification system with emphasis on a multimodal imaging approach for diagnosis and risk stratification. The guideline includes detailed chapters on dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and their phenocopies, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, and restrictive cardiomyopathy as well as syndromic and metabolic cardiomyopathies. Patient pathways guide clinicians from the initial presentation to diagnosis. The role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and genetic testing during diagnostic work-up is stressed. Concepts of rhythm and rate control for atrial fibrillation have led to new recommendations, and the role of defibrillator therapy in primary prevention is discussed in detail. Whilst providing general guidelines for management, the primary objective of the guideline is to ascertain the disease etiology and disease-specific, individualized management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Korthals
- Department of Cardiology II: Electrophysiology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Lars Eckardt
- Department of Cardiology II: Electrophysiology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
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Sahagun D, Zahid M. Cardiac-Targeting Peptide: From Discovery to Applications. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1690. [PMID: 38136562 PMCID: PMC10741768 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant strides in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, cardiovascular diseases remain the number one cause of mortality in the United States, with rates climbing at an alarming rate in the developing world. Targeted delivery of therapeutics to the heart has been a lofty goal to achieve with strategies ranging from direct intra-cardiac or intra-pericardial delivery, intra-coronary infusion, to adenoviral, lentiviral, and adeno-associated viral vectors which have preference, if not complete cardio-selectivity, for cardiac tissue. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPP) are 5-30-amino-acid-long peptides that are able to breach cell membrane barriers while carrying cargoes up to several times their size, in an intact functional form. Identified nearly three decades ago, the first of these CPPs came from the HIV coat protein transactivator of transcription. Although a highly efficient CPP, its clinical utility is limited by its robust ability to cross any cell membrane barrier, including crossing the blood-brain barrier and transducing neuronal tissue non-specifically. Several strategies have been utilized to identify cell- or tissue-specific CPPs, one of which is phage display. Using this latter technique, we identified a cardiomyocyte-targeting peptide (CTP) more than a decade ago, a finding that has been corroborated by several independent labs across the world that have utilized CTP for a myriad of different purposes in pre-clinical animal models. The goal of this publication is to provide a comprehensive review of the identification, validation, and application of CTP, and outline its potential in diagnostic and therapeutic applications especially in the field of targeted RNA interference.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maliha Zahid
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Guggenheim Gu9-01B, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
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Sohns C, Fox H, Marrouche NF, Crijns HJGM, Costard-Jaeckle A, Bergau L, Hindricks G, Dagres N, Sossalla S, Schramm R, Fink T, El Hamriti M, Moersdorf M, Sciacca V, Konietschke F, Rudolph V, Gummert J, Tijssen JGP, Sommer P. Catheter Ablation in End-Stage Heart Failure with Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2023; 389:1380-1389. [PMID: 37634135 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2306037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of catheter ablation in patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation and end-stage heart failure is unknown. METHODS We conducted a single-center, open-label trial in Germany that involved patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation and end-stage heart failure who were referred for heart transplantation evaluation. Patients were assigned to receive catheter ablation and guideline-directed medical therapy or medical therapy alone. The primary end point was a composite of death from any cause, implantation of a left ventricular assist device, or urgent heart transplantation. RESULTS A total of 97 patients were assigned to the ablation group and 97 to the medical-therapy group. The trial was stopped for efficacy by the data and safety monitoring board 1 year after randomization was completed. Catheter ablation was performed in 81 of 97 patients (84%) in the ablation group and in 16 of 97 patients (16%) in the medical-therapy group. After a median follow-up of 18.0 months (interquartile range, 14.6 to 22.6), a primary end-point event had occurred in 8 patients (8%) in the ablation group and in 29 patients (30%) in the medical-therapy group (hazard ratio, 0.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.11 to 0.52; P<0.001). Death from any cause occurred in 6 patients (6%) in the ablation group and in 19 patients (20%) in the medical-therapy group (hazard ratio, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.72). Procedure-related complications occurred in 3 patients in the ablation group and in 1 patient in the medical-therapy group. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with atrial fibrillation and end-stage heart failure, the combination of catheter ablation and guideline-directed medical therapy was associated with a lower likelihood of a composite of death from any cause, implantation of a left ventricular assist device, or urgent heart transplantation than medical therapy alone. (Funded by Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung; CASTLE-HTx ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04649801.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Sohns
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Henrik Fox
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Nassir F Marrouche
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Harry J G M Crijns
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Angelika Costard-Jaeckle
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Leonard Bergau
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Gerhard Hindricks
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Nikolaos Dagres
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Samuel Sossalla
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Rene Schramm
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Fink
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Mustapha El Hamriti
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Maximilian Moersdorf
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Vanessa Sciacca
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Frank Konietschke
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Volker Rudolph
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Jan Gummert
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Jan G P Tijssen
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Philipp Sommer
- From the Clinics for Electrophysiology (C.S., L.B., T.F., M.E.H., M.M., V.S., P.S.), Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (H.F., A.C.-J., R.S., J.G.), and General and Interventional Cardiology-Angiology (V.R.) and the Center for Interdisciplinary Management of Advanced Heart Failure (H.F., A.C.J., R.S., J.G.), Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, the Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, German Heart Center of Charité-University Medicine Berlin (G.H.), and the Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (F.K.), Berlin, the Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig (N.D.), and the Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim (S.S.) - all in Germany; the Cardiology Department, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans (N.F.M.); and the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht (H.J.G.M.C.), and the Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (J.G.P.T.) - both in the Netherlands
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Baek YS, Kwon S, You SC, Lee KN, Yu HT, Lee SR, Roh SY, Kim DH, Shin SY, Lee DI, Park J, Park YM, Suh YJ, Choi EK, Lee SC, Joung B, Choi W, Kim DH. Artificial intelligence-enhanced 12-lead electrocardiography for identifying atrial fibrillation during sinus rhythm (AIAFib) trial: protocol for a multicenter retrospective study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1258167. [PMID: 37886735 PMCID: PMC10598864 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1258167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality. In a previous study, we developed a deep neural network for predicting paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) during sinus rhythm (SR) using digital data from standard 12-lead electrocardiography (ECG). The primary aim of this study is to validate an existing artificial intelligence (AI)-enhanced ECG algorithm for predicting PAF in a multicenter tertiary hospital. The secondary objective is to investigate whether the AI-enhanced ECG is associated with AF-related clinical outcomes. Methods and analysis We will conduct a retrospective cohort study of more than 50,000 12-lead ECGs from November 1, 2012, to December 31, 2021, at 10 Korean University Hospitals. Data will be collected from patient records, including baseline demographics, comorbidities, laboratory findings, echocardiographic findings, hospitalizations, and related procedural outcomes, such as AF ablation and mortality. De-identification of ECG data through data encryption and anonymization will be conducted and the data will be analyzed using the AI algorithm previously developed for AF prediction. An area under the receiver operating characteristic curve will be created to test and validate the datasets and assess the AI-enabled ECGs acquired during the sinus rhythm to determine whether AF is present. Kaplan-Meier survival functions will be used to estimate the time to hospitalization, AF-related procedure outcomes, and mortality, with log-rank tests to compare patients with low and high risk of AF by AI. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression will estimate the effect of AI-enhanced ECG multimorbidity on clinical outcomes after stratifying patients by AF probability by AI. Discussion This study will advance PAF prediction based on AI-enhanced ECGs. This approach is a novel method for risk stratification and emphasizes shared decision-making for early detection and management of patients with newly diagnosed AF. The results may revolutionize PAF management and unveil the wider potential of AI in predicting and managing cardiovascular diseases. Ethics and dissemination The study findings will be published in peer-reviewed publications and disseminated at national and international conferences and through social media. This study was approved by the institutional review boards of all participating university hospitals. Data extraction, storage, and management were approved by the data review committees of all institutions. Clinical Trial Registration [cris.nih.go.kr], identifier (KCT0007881).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Soo Baek
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine and Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- DeepCardio Inc., Incheon, Republic of Korea
- School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Soonil Kwon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seng Chan You
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-No Lee
- Department of Cardiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Tae Yu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ryung Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Young Roh
- Division of Cardiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyeok Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yong Shin
- Cardiovascular and Arrhythmia Centre, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae In Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Junbeom Park
- Division of Cardiology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yae Min Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Suh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Inha University College of Medicine and Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eue-Keun Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Chul Lee
- DeepCardio Inc., Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Computer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Boyoung Joung
- Department of Cardiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonik Choi
- DeepCardio Inc., Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyeok Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine and Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- DeepCardio Inc., Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Jiang J, Sun X, Cheng C, Chen K, Hua W, Su Y, Xu W, Chen R, Zhang S. Progression of Device-Detected Atrial High-Rate Episodes and the Risk of All-Cause Mortality. Am J Cardiol 2023; 204:96-103. [PMID: 37541154 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Atrial high-rate episodes (AHREs) are prevalent in approximately 1/3 of patients with cardiac implanted electronic devices and are associated with an increased risk of several adverse outcomes. This study aimed to explore the factors associated with AHRE progression and the risk of all-cause mortality. At least 1 day with AHRE burden ≥15 minutes was identified in 124 of 343 recipients (36.2%) of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator or cardiac resynchronization therapy device. We included patients whose AHRE burden at the time of first detection was ≥15 minutes but <24 hours (n = 107). Various cut-off values (15 minutes, 6 hours, and 24 hours) of daily AHRE burden were analyzed. During an average follow-up of 4.2 years, 60 patients (56.1%) experienced ≥1 progression to greater AHRE burden. Patients with hypertension or greater AHRE burden at first detection were associated with faster progression. In addition, 27 deaths (45%) occurred among 60 patients with AHRE progression, compared with 25.5% (12 of 47) for those without progression. After multivariable adjustment, AHRE progression was independently associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 2.56, 95% confidence interval 1.23 to 5.35, p = 0.012). Notably, AHRE progression within 1 month after their first detection was associated with an increased risk for all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 4.01, 95% confidence interval 1.76 to 9.16, p = 0.001) compared with patients without progression. However, a similar risk was not observed among patients with AHRE progression occurring after 1 month after their first detection. In conclusion, >1/2 of the patients with AHRE progressed to a greater burden over time. Continuous monitoring of the AHRE burden may help identify patients at great risk for death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Arrhythmia Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuerong Sun
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chendi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Arrhythmia Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Keping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Arrhythmia Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Arrhythmia Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yangang Su
- Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruohan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Arrhythmia Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Shu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Arrhythmia Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Liu Z, Yang Z, Lu Y, Wang H, Zou C. Short-term and long-term effects of cryoballoon ablation versus antiarrhythmic drug therapy as first-line treatment for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Cardiol 2023; 46:1146-1153. [PMID: 37469293 PMCID: PMC10577536 DOI: 10.1002/clc.24092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryoballoon ablation (CBA) is an effective treatment for drug-refractory atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Whether CBA as a first-line treatment is superior in the rhythm control of AF than antiarrhythmic drugs (AAD) remains unclear. CBA is superior to AAD as initial therapy for rhythm control of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). A comprehensive database search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science from inception to March 22, 2023. Treatment efficacy was pooled using risk ratio (RR) and standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). This study was registered with Prospero (CRD42023401596). Five randomized-controlled trials involving 923 patients and an observational study were included in this study. The CBA group had a significantly lower overall recurrence rate than the AAD group (CBA vs. AAD: RR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.49-0.71, p < .05, I2 = 0). The incidence of persistent AF could be better controlled in the CBA group than in the AAD (CBA vs. AAD: RR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.06-0.49, p < .05, I2 = 0). CBA could improve the quality of life (QoL) of patients better than AAD (CBA vs. AAD: SMD = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.14-0.67, p < .05, I2 = 68.5%). CBA can reduce hospitalization rate significantly than AAD at 36-month follow-up (CBA vs. AAD: RR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.15-0.58, p < .05, I2 = 0%). Compared to AAD, CBA as first-line therapy could reduce the recurrence rate of atrial arrhythmia and incidence of persistent AF and improve QoL in PAF patients with lower incidences of hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirui Liu
- Department of CardiologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Zhengkai Yang
- Department of CardiologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of CardiologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Haocheng Wang
- Department of CardiologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Cao Zou
- Department of CardiologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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Veen D, Verbeek EC, Kavousi M, Huigen J, Mijnen-Schra A, Cocchieri R, Khan M, de Groot NM. Sex differences in characteristics of atrial fibrillation recurrence post surgical pulmonary vein isolation. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2023; 48:101262. [PMID: 37670897 PMCID: PMC10475472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2023.101262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Prior studies demonstrated that female sex is associated with arrhythmia recurrence after endovascular pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). However, it is unknown if the sexes differ in outcome after video assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) PVI. The aim of this study was therefore to compare characteristics of recurrent AF episodes in a matched male and female population, using implantable loop recorders for continuous rhythm monitoring. Methods 40 matched (based on propensity score) males (age: 60.0 ± 7.71 (45-75)) and females (age: 62.0 ± 7.0 (37-74)) were retrieved from an existing database from a prior conducted study by the cardiothoracic department of the OLVG hospital (1) containing patients who received an implantable looprecorder and underwent a VATS PVI between 2012 and 2017. Patients were continuously monitored for a period of 12 months after VATS PVI and AF characteristics were compared. Results An equal number of males and females had AF episodes during all periods (P > 0.05). The number of AF episodes was higher in females, during the first 6 months (P = 0.01, P = 0.034). During the entire follow up, the total AF duration was longer in females (P = 0.01, for all periods) with shorter inter - episode intervals (P = 0.001, P = 0001, P = 0.04) and a higher AF burden (P = 0.003, P = 0001, P = 0.006). After 3 months, AF recurrences during the night were more frequently observed in female patients (P = 0.001, P = 0.001). Conclusions AF episodes occur frequently in both sexes after VATS PVI and warrant frequent rhythm monitoring. The observed sex differences in AF burden after VATS PVI, calls for intensive rhythm monitoring and aggressive treatment of recurrent AF epsiodes in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Veen
- Dept. of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Dept. of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Cardiology, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eva C. Verbeek
- Dept. of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Cardiology, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Dept. of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Huigen
- Dept. of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Cardiology, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annet Mijnen-Schra
- Dept. of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Cardiology, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Cocchieri
- Dept. of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Cardiology, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Muchtiar Khan
- Dept. of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Cardiology, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja M.S. de Groot
- Dept. of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Dept. of Micro-electronics, Circuits and Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathemathics and Computer Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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Gunawardene MA, Frommeyer G, Ellermann C, Jularic M, Leitz P, Hartmann J, Lange PS, Anwar O, Rath B, Wahedi R, Eckardt L, Willems S. Left Atrial Posterior Wall Isolation with Pulsed Field Ablation in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6304. [PMID: 37834948 PMCID: PMC10573684 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left atrial posterior wall isolation (LAPWI) may improve rhythm control in addition to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in persistent atrial fibrillation (persAF) patients undergoing catheter ablation (CA). However, LAPWI may be challenging when using thermal energy sources. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of LAPWI performed by non-thermal pulsed field ablation (PFA) in CA for persAF. METHODS Consecutive persAF patients from two German centers were prospectively enrolled. There were two study cohorts: (1) the LAPWI cohort, which included PFA-guided (re-)PVI with LAPWI for first-time and/or repeat ablation procedures; and (2) a comparative persAF cohort with a PFA PVI-only approach without LAPWI for first-time ablation within the same timeframe. Patients were followed up by routine Holter ECGs. RESULTS In total, 79 persistent AF patients were included in the study: 59/79 patients were enrolled in the LAPWI cohort, including 16/59 index (27%) and 43/59 repeat ablation procedures (73%). Sixteen patients (16/79; 21%) were in the PVI-only cohort without LAPWI. Of the patients treated with LAPWI, procedure time and fluoroscopy time was 91 ± 30 min and 15 ± 7 min, respectively. The acute PVI rate was 100% in all first-time ablation patients (32 patients (16 PVI only, 16 PVI plus LAPWI), 196/196 PVs). Of the 43 re-do patients in the LAPWI cohort, re-PVI was necessary in 33% (14/43) of patients (27 PVs; 1.9 PV per-patient); in 67% (29/43), all PVs were isolated, and antral ablation of the PV ostia was performed in 48% (14/29). LAPWI was performed successfully in all 59 (100%) patients of the LAPWI cohort. Two minor complications occurred. No esophageal lesion was detected in the LAPWI cohort (n = 33/59 (56%) patients underwent endoscopy). After 354 ± 197 days of follow-up, freedom from atrial arrhythmias was 79.3% (95-CI: 62-95%) in the complete LAPWI cohort (n = 14/59 (24%) on AAD: class Ic n = 9, class III n = 5). There was no difference regarding acute procedural and clinical outcome compared to the PVI-only cohort. CONCLUSION LAPWI guided by PFA is feasible and safe in patients undergoing CA for persAF and shows favorable outcomes. In the context of durable PVI, PFA-guided LAPWI may be an effective adjunctive treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie A. Gunawardene
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Asklepios Hospital St. Georg, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
- Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerrit Frommeyer
- Division of Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (C.E.)
| | - Christian Ellermann
- Division of Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (C.E.)
| | - Mario Jularic
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Asklepios Hospital St. Georg, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
- Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Patrick Leitz
- Division of Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (C.E.)
| | - Jens Hartmann
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Asklepios Hospital St. Georg, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
- Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Philipp Sebastian Lange
- Division of Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (C.E.)
| | - Omar Anwar
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Asklepios Hospital St. Georg, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
- Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Benjamin Rath
- Division of Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (C.E.)
| | - Rahin Wahedi
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Asklepios Hospital St. Georg, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
- Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lars Eckardt
- Division of Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (C.E.)
| | - Stephan Willems
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Asklepios Hospital St. Georg, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
- Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 10178 Berlin, Germany
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48
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Kim Y, Joo G, Jeon BK, Kim DH, Shin TY, Im H, Park J. Clinical applicability of an artificial intelligence prediction algorithm for early prediction of non-persistent atrial fibrillation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1168054. [PMID: 37781313 PMCID: PMC10534067 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1168054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims It is difficult to document atrial fibrillation (AF) on ECG in patients with non-persistent atrial fibrillation (non-PeAF). There is limited understanding of whether an AI prediction algorithm could predict the occurrence of non-PeAF from the information of normal sinus rhythm (SR) of a 12-lead ECG. This study aimed to derive a precise predictive AI model for screening non-PeAF using SR ECG within 4 weeks. Methods This retrospective cohort study included patients aged 18 to 99 with SR ECG on 12-lead standard ECG (10 seconds) in Ewha Womans University Medical Center for 3 years. Data were preprocessed into three window periods (which are defined with the duration from SR to non-PeAF detection) - 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks from the AF detection prospectively. For experiments, we adopted a Residual Neural Network model based on 1D-CNN proposed in a previous study. We used 7,595 SR ECGs (extracted from 215,875 ECGs) with window periods of 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks for analysis. Results The prediction algorithm showed an AUC of 0.862 and an F1-score of 0.84 in the 1:4 matched group of a 1-week window period. For the 1:4 matched group of a 2-week window period, it showed an AUC of 0.864 and an F1-score of 0.85. Finally, for the 1:4 matched group of a 4-week window period, it showed an AUC of 0.842 and an F1-score of 0.83. Conclusion The AI prediction algorithm showed the possibility of risk stratification for early detection of non-PeAF. Moreover, this study showed that a short window period is also sufficient to detect non-PeAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeji Kim
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gihun Joo
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Medical Bigdata Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Kyung Jeon
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyeok Kim
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Young Shin
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, SYNERGY AI, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonseung Im
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Medical Bigdata Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Junbeom Park
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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49
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Bordi LL, Benedek T, Kovács I, Opincariu D, Márton E, Parajkó Z, Gerculy R, Benedek I. Association of Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence with Right Coronary Atherosclerosis and Increased Left Arterial Epicardial Fat Following Catheter Ablation-Results of a Multimodality Study. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1891. [PMID: 37763295 PMCID: PMC10533029 DOI: 10.3390/life13091891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of predictors for atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) can lead to better long-term results. Our aim was to investigate the association between novel CT imaging markers reflecting the severity of coronary atherosclerosis and the risk of recurrence following PVI. METHODS This study included 80 patients with paroxysmal/persistent AF who underwent PVI. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1-23 patients with recurrence and Group 2-57 patients without recurrence. RESULTS Patients with recurrence presented with a more enlarged left atrial diameter and reduced left ventricle EF, as assessed by echocardiography. Elevated calcium scores and right coronary artery (RCA) stenosis were correlated with a higher risk of AF recurrence (25.38 ± 4.1% vs. 9.76 ± 2.32%, p = 0.001). Patients with AF recurrence presented a higher left atrial volume index (LAVI) (61.38 ± 11.12 mm3/m2 vs. 46.34 ± 12.27 mm3/m2, p < 0.0001). The bi-atrial volume index (BAVI) was similarly higher in the AF recurrence group (98.23 ± 14.44 mm3/m2 vs. 76.48 ± 17.61 mm3/m2, p < 0.0001). Increased EAT volumes located around the LA (EAT-LA) were correlated with recurrence (25.55 ± 6.37 vs. 15.54 ± 8.44, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS RCA stenosis, together with atrial volumes and EAT-AS evaluated by CCTA, is associated with the risk of AF recurrence following PVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lehel László Bordi
- Clinic of Cardiology, Mures, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Center of Advanced Research in Multimodality Cardiac Imaging, CardioMed Medical Center, 540124 Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Theodora Benedek
- Clinic of Cardiology, Mures, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Center of Advanced Research in Multimodality Cardiac Imaging, CardioMed Medical Center, 540124 Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - István Kovács
- Clinic of Cardiology, Mures, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Center of Advanced Research in Multimodality Cardiac Imaging, CardioMed Medical Center, 540124 Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Diana Opincariu
- Center of Advanced Research in Multimodality Cardiac Imaging, CardioMed Medical Center, 540124 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Emese Márton
- Clinic of Cardiology, Mures, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Zsolt Parajkó
- Clinic of Cardiology, Mures, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Renáta Gerculy
- Clinic of Cardiology, Mures, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Imre Benedek
- Clinic of Cardiology, Mures, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Center of Advanced Research in Multimodality Cardiac Imaging, CardioMed Medical Center, 540124 Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
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50
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Parra-Lucares A, Villa E, Romero-Hernández E, Méndez-Valdés G, Retamal C, Vizcarra G, Henríquez I, Maldonado-Morales EAJ, Grant-Palza JH, Ruíz-Tagle S, Estrada-Bobadilla V, Toro L. Tic-Tac: A Translational Approach in Mechanisms Associated with Irregular Heartbeat and Sinus Rhythm Restoration in Atrial Fibrillation Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12859. [PMID: 37629037 PMCID: PMC10454641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent cardiac condition predominantly affecting older adults, characterized by irregular heartbeat rhythm. The condition often leads to significant disability and increased mortality rates. Traditionally, two therapeutic strategies have been employed for its treatment: heart rate control and rhythm control. Recent clinical studies have emphasized the critical role of early restoration of sinus rhythm in improving patient outcomes. The persistence of the irregular rhythm allows for the progression and structural remodeling of the atria, eventually leading to irreversible stages, as observed clinically when AF becomes permanent. Cardioversion to sinus rhythm alters this progression pattern through mechanisms that are still being studied. In this review, we provide an in-depth analysis of the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for maintaining AF and how they are modified during sinus rhythm restoration using existing therapeutic strategies at different stages of clinical investigation. Moreover, we explore potential future therapeutic approaches, including the promising prospect of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Parra-Lucares
- Critical Care Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile
- Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile
| | - Eduardo Villa
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile
| | | | - Gabriel Méndez-Valdés
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile
| | - Catalina Retamal
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile
| | - Geovana Vizcarra
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile
| | - Ignacio Henríquez
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile
| | | | - Juan H. Grant-Palza
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile
| | - Sofía Ruíz-Tagle
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile
| | | | - Luis Toro
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile
- Centro de Investigación Clínica Avanzada, Hospital Clínico, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380420, Chile
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