1
|
Engel Sällberg A, Helleberg S, Ahmed S, Ahmed A, Rådegran G. Plasma tumour necrosis factor-alpha-related proteins in prognosis of heart failure with pulmonary hypertension. ESC Heart Fail 2023; 10:3582-3591. [PMID: 37772417 PMCID: PMC10682849 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Patients with heart failure (HF) exhibit poor prognosis, which is further deteriorated by pulmonary hypertension (PH), with negative impact on morbidity and mortality. As PH due to left HF (LHF-PH) is among the most common causes of PH, there is an urge according to the 2021 European Society of Cardiology HF guidelines to find new biomarkers that aid in prognostication of this patient cohort. Given the role of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in HF progression, we aimed to investigate the prognostic value of plasma proteins related to TNF-α in patients with LHF-PH, in relation to haemodynamic changes following heart transplantation (HT). METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty TNF-α-related plasma proteins were analysed using proximity extension assay in healthy controls (n = 20) and patients with LHF-PH (n = 67), before and 1 year after HT (n = 19). Plasma levels were compared between the groups, and the prognostic values were determined using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. Plasma levels of lymphotoxin-beta receptor (LTBR), TNF receptor superfamily member 6B (TNFRSF6B), and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptors 1 and 2 (TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2, respectively) were higher in LHF-PH pre-HT vs. controls (P < 0.0001), as well as higher in pre-HT vs. post-HT (P < 0.001). The elevated pre-HT levels of LTBR, TNFRSF6B, TRAIL-R1, and TRAIL-R2 decreased towards the levels of healthy controls after HT. Higher preoperative levels of LTBR, TNFRSF6B, TRAIL-R1, and TRAIL-R2 in LHF-PH were associated with worse survival rates (P < 0.002). In multivariate Cox regression models, each adjusted for age and sex, LTBR, TNFRSF6B, TRAIL-R1, and TRAIL-R2 predicted mortality (P < 0.002) [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.12 (1.04-1.19), 1.01 (1.004-1.02), 1.28 (1.14-1.42), and 1.03 (1.02-1.04), respectively]. CONCLUSIONS Elevated pre-HT plasma levels of the TNF-α-related proteins LTBR, TNFRSF6B, TRAIL-R1, and TRAIL-R2 in LHF-PH decreased 1 year after HT, displaying a normalization pattern towards the levels of the healthy controls. These proteins were also prognostic, where higher levels were associated with worse survival rates in LHF-PH, providing new insight in their potential role as prognostic biomarkers. Larger studies are warranted to validate our findings and to investigate their possible pathobiological mechanisms in LHF-PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Engel Sällberg
- The Section for Cardiology, Department of Clinical Sciences LundLund UniversityLundSweden
- The Haemodynamic Lab, The Section for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease, VO Heart and Lung MedicineSkåne University HospitalLundSweden
| | - Sara Helleberg
- The Section for Cardiology, Department of Clinical Sciences LundLund UniversityLundSweden
- The Haemodynamic Lab, The Section for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease, VO Heart and Lung MedicineSkåne University HospitalLundSweden
| | - Salaheldin Ahmed
- The Section for Cardiology, Department of Clinical Sciences LundLund UniversityLundSweden
- The Haemodynamic Lab, The Section for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease, VO Heart and Lung MedicineSkåne University HospitalLundSweden
| | - Abdulla Ahmed
- The Section for Cardiology, Department of Clinical Sciences LundLund UniversityLundSweden
- The Haemodynamic Lab, The Section for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease, VO Heart and Lung MedicineSkåne University HospitalLundSweden
| | - Göran Rådegran
- The Section for Cardiology, Department of Clinical Sciences LundLund UniversityLundSweden
- The Haemodynamic Lab, The Section for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease, VO Heart and Lung MedicineSkåne University HospitalLundSweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Grisanti LA. TRAIL and its receptors in cardiac diseases. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1256852. [PMID: 37621762 PMCID: PMC10445540 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1256852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death worldwide. Loss of cardiomyocytes that occurs during many types of damage to the heart such as ischemic injury and stress caused by pressure overload, diminishes cardiac function due to their limited regenerative capacity and promotes remodeling, which further damages the heart. Cardiomyocyte death occurs through two primary mechanisms, necrosis and apoptosis. Apoptosis is a highly regulated form of cell death that can occur through intrinsic (mitochondrial) or extrinsic (receptor mediated) pathways. Extrinsic apoptosis occurs through a subset of Tumor Necrosis Receptor (TNF) family receptors termed "Death Receptors." While some ligands for death receptors have been extensively studied in the heart, such as TNF-α, others have been virtually unstudied. One poorly characterized cardiac TNF related ligand is TNF-Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL). TRAIL binds to two apoptosis-inducing receptors, Death Receptor (DR) 4 and DR5. There are also three decoy TRAIL receptors, Decoy Receptor (DcR) 1, DcR2 and osteoprotegerin (OPG). While TRAIL has been extensively studied in the cancer field due to its ability to selectively induce apoptosis in transformed cell types, emerging clinical evidence points towards a role for TRAIL and its receptors in cardiac pathology. This article will highlight our current understanding of TRAIL and its receptors in normal and pathological conditions in the heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurel A. Grisanti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kuang N, Shu B, Yang F, Li S, Zhang M. TRAIL or TRAIL-R2 as a Predictive Biomarker for Mortality or Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2023; 81:348-354. [PMID: 36888983 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and TRAIL-receptor-2 (TRAIL-R2) are associated with atherosclerosis. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the potential association between TRAIL/TRAIL-R2 with mortality or cardiovascular (CV) events. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for reports published up to May 2021. Reports were included when the association between TRAIL or TRAIL-R2 and mortality or CV events was reported. Considering the heterogeneity between studies, we used the random-effects model for all analyses. Ultimately, the meta-analysis included 18 studies (16,295 patients). The average follow-up ranged from 0.25 to 10 years. Decreased TRAIL levels were negatively associated with all-cause mortality [rank variable, hazard ratio (HR), 95% CI, 2.93, 1.94-4.42; I2 = 0.0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.835]. Increased TRAIL-R2 levels were positively associated with all-cause mortality (continuous variable, HR, 95% CI, 1.43, 1.23-1.65; I2 = 0.0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.548; rank variable, HR, 95% CI, 7.08, 2.70-18.56; I2 = 46.5%, Pheterogeneity = 0.154), CV mortality (continuous variable, HR, 95% CI, 1.33, 1.14-1.57; I2 = 0.0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.435), myocardial infarction (continuous variable, HR, 95% CI, 1.23, 1.02-1.49; rank variable, HR, 95% CI, 1.49, 1.26-1.76; I2 = 0.7%, Pheterogeneity = 0.402), and new-onset heart failure (rank variable, HR, 95% CI, 3.23, 1.32-7.87; I2 = 83.0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.003). In conclusion, decreased TRAIL was negatively associated with all-cause mortality, and increased TRAIL-R2 was positively associated with all-cause mortality, CV mortality, myocardial infarction, and heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Kuang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kelland E, Patil MS, Patel S, Cartland SP, Kavurma MM. The Prognostic, Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Potential of TRAIL Signalling in Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076725. [PMID: 37047698 PMCID: PMC10095395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) was originally discovered, almost 20 years ago, for its ability to kill cancer cells. More recent evidence has described pleiotropic functions, particularly in the cardiovascular system. There is potential for TRAIL concentrations in the circulation to act as prognostic and/or diagnostic factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Pre-clinical studies also describe the therapeutic capacity for TRAIL signals, particularly in the context of atherosclerotic disease and diseases of the myocardium. Because diabetes mellitus significantly contributes to the progression and pathogenesis of CVDs, in this review we highlight recent evidence for the prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic potential of TRAIL signals in CVDs, and where relevant, the impact of diabetes mellitus. A greater understanding of how TRAIL signals regulate cardiovascular protection and pathology may offer new diagnostic and therapeutic avenues for patients suffering from CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaina Kelland
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2042, Australia
| | - Manisha S. Patil
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2042, Australia
| | - Sanjay Patel
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2042, Australia
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Siân P. Cartland
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2042, Australia
| | - Mary M. Kavurma
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2042, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL): A Novel Biomarker for Prognostic Assessment and Risk Stratification of Acute Pulmonary Embolism. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133908. [PMID: 35807194 PMCID: PMC9267658 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is associated with poor prognosis in cardiovascular diseases. However, the predictive value of TRAIL for the short-term outcome and risk stratification of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) remains unknown. Methods: This study prospectively included 151 normotensive patients with acute PE. The study outcome was a composite of 30-day adverse events, defined as PE-related death, shock, mechanical ventilation, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and major bleeding. Results: Overall, nine of 151 (6.0%) patients experienced 30-day adverse composite events. Multivariable logistic regression showed that TRAIL was an independent predictor of study outcome (OR 0.19 per SD; 95% CI 0.04–0.90). An ROC curve revealed that TRAIL’s area under the curve (AUC) was 0.83 (95% CI 0.76–0.88). The optimal cut-off value for TRAIL was 18 pg/mL, with a sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio of 89%, 69%, 99%, 15%, 2.87, and 0.16, respectively. Compared with the risk stratification algorithm outlined in the 2019 ESC guidelines, our biomarker-based risk stratification strategy (combining TRAIL and hs-cTnI) has a similar risk classification effect. Conclusion: Reduced plasma TRAIL levels predict short-term adverse events in normotensive patients with acute PE. The combination of the 2019 ESC algorithm and TRAIL aids risk stratification in normotensive patients with acute PE.
Collapse
|
6
|
Mihalovic M, Mikulenka P, Línková H, Neuberg M, Štětkářová I, Peisker T, Lauer D, Tousek P. Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) in Patients after Acute Stroke: Relation to Stroke Severity, Myocardial Injury, and Impact on Prognosis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092552. [PMID: 35566677 PMCID: PMC9103556 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is known to be associated with poor prognosis after cardiovascular events. We aimed to assess the dynamic changes in TRAIL levels and the relation of TRAIL level to stroke severity, its impact on the short-term outcomes, and its association with markers of cardiac injury in patients after acute stroke. Methods: Between August 2020 and August 2021, 120 consecutive patients, 104 after acute ischemic stroke (AIS), 76 receiving reperfusion therapy, and 16 patients after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) were enrolled in our study. Blood samples were obtained from patients at the time of admission, 24 h later, and 48 h later to determine the plasma level of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and high-sensitive Troponin I (hs-TnI). Twelve-lead ECGs were obtained at the time of admission, 24 h later, 48 h later, and at the release of the patients. Evaluations were performed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at the time of admission and using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 90 days following the patient’s discharge from the hospital. Results: We observed a connection between lower TRAIL levels and stroke severity evaluated using the NIHSS (p = 0.044) on the first day. Lower TRAIL showed an association with severe disability and death as evaluated using the mRS at 90 days, both after 24 (p = 0.0022) and 48 h (p = 0.044) of hospitalization. Moreover, we observed an association between lower TRAIL and NT-proBNP elevation at the time of admission (p = 0.039), after 24 (p = 0.043), and after 48 h (p = 0.023) of hospitalization. In the ECG analysis, lower TRAIL levels were associated with the occurrence of premature ventricular extrasystoles (p = 0.043), and there was an association with prolonged QTc interval (p = 0.052). Conclusions: The results show that lower TRAIL is associated with stroke severity, unfavorable functional outcome, and short-term mortality in patients after acute ischemic stroke. Moreover, we described the association with markers of cardiac injury and ECG changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Mihalovic
- Cardiocenter, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 34 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Mikulenka
- Department of Neurology, Third Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Charles University, 100 34 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Línková
- Cardiocenter, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 34 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Neuberg
- Medtronic Czechia, Partner of INTERCARDIS Project, 190 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Štětkářová
- Department of Neurology, Third Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Charles University, 100 34 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Peisker
- Department of Neurology, Third Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Charles University, 100 34 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Lauer
- Department of Neurology, Third Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Charles University, 100 34 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Tousek
- Cardiocenter, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 34 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu Z, Wang J, Xue Y, Zhang Q, Xu Q, Ji K, Yin R. The Neutrophil-to-Albumin Ratio as a New Predictor of All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Heart Failure. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:701-713. [PMID: 35140500 PMCID: PMC8818978 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s349996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Methods Results Conclusion
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zesong Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yangjing Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kangting Ji
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Kangting Ji; Ripeng Yin, Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Xueyuanxi Road, No. 109, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-577-88002216, Email ;
| | - Ripeng Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liao M, Xie Q, Zhao Y, Yang C, Lin C, Wang G, Liu B, Zhu L. Main active components of Si-Miao-Yong-An decoction (SMYAD) attenuate autophagy and apoptosis via the PDE5A-AKT and TLR4-NOX4 pathways in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced heart failure models. Pharmacol Res 2022; 176:106077. [PMID: 35026404 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF), the main cause of death in patients with many cardiovascular diseases, has been reported to be closely related to the complicated pathogenesis of autophagy, apoptosis, and inflammation. Notably, Si-Miao-Yong-An decoction (SMYAD) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used to treat cardiovascular disease; however, the main active components and their relevant mechanisms remain to be discovered. Based on our previous ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS) results, we identified angoriside C (AC) and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,5-DiCQA) as the main active components of SMYAD. In vivo results showed that AC and 3,5-DiCQA effectively improved cardiac function, reduced the fibrotic area, and alleviated isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocarditis in rats. Moreover, AC and 3,5-DiCQA inhibited ISO-induced autophagic cell death by inhibiting the PDE5A/AKT/mTOR/ULK1 pathway and inhibited ISO-induced apoptosis by inhibiting the TLR4/NOX4/BAX pathway. In addition, the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA was shown to reduce ISO-induced apoptosis, indicating that ISO-induced autophagic cell death leads to excess apoptosis. Taken together, the main active components AC and 3,5-DiCQA of SMYAD inhibit the excessive autophagic cell death and apoptosis induced by ISO by inhibiting the PDE5A-AKT and TLR4-NOX4 pathways, thereby reducing myocardial inflammation and improving heart function to alleviate and treat a rat ISO-induced heart failure model and cell heart failure models. More importantly, the main active components of SMYAD will provide new insights into a promising strategy that will promote the discovery of more main active components of SMYAD for therapeutic purposes in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minru Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuqian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chengcan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Congcong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Lingjuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Diagnostic biomarkers of dilated cardiomyopathy. Immunobiology 2021; 226:152153. [PMID: 34784575 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2021.152153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a condition involving dilation of cardiac chambers, which results in contraction impairment. Besides invasive and non-invasive diagnostic procedures, cardiac biomarkers are of great importance in both diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. These biomarkers are categorized into three groups based on their site; cardiomyocyte biomarkers, microenvironmental biomarkers and macroenvironmental biomarkers. AIMS In this review, an overview of characteristics, epidemiology, etiology and clinical manifestations of DCM is provided. In addition, the most important biomarkers, of all three categories, and their diagnostic and prognostic values are discussed. CONCLUSION Considering the association of DCM with conditions such as infections and autoimmunity, which are prevalent among the population, introducing efficient diagnostic tools is of high value for the early detection of DCM to prevent its severe complications. The three discussed classes of biomarkers are potential candidates for the detection of DCM. However, further studies are necessary in this regard.
Collapse
|
10
|
Tanner MA, Grisanti LA. A Dual Role for Death Receptor 5 in Regulating Cardiac Fibroblast Function. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:699102. [PMID: 34527710 PMCID: PMC8437145 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.699102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The fibrotic response is involved in nearly all forms of heart failure and dysregulated responses can lead to enhanced cardiac dysfunction. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its receptor, death receptor (DR) 5, are associated with multiple forms of heart failure, but their role in the heart is poorly defined. Our previous study identified DR5 expression on cardiac fibroblasts however, the impact of DR5 on fibroblast function remains unexplored. To investigate the role of DR5 in cardiac fibroblasts, a variety of fibroblast functions were examined following treatment with the endogenous ligand, TRAIL, or small molecule agonist, bioymifi. DR5 activation did not induce apoptosis in naïve fibroblasts but activated ERK1/2 signaling to increase proliferation. However, upon activation and differentiation to myofibroblasts, DR5 expression was elevated, and DR5 agonists induced caspase 3 activation resulting in myofibroblast apoptosis. To investigate the impact of DR5 regulation of fibroblasts in vivo, a chronic isoproterenol administration model of heart failure was used. Wild-type (WT) mice receiving isoproterenol had increased hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte death, and fibrosis and decreased contractility compared to vehicle treated animals. DR5 knockout (KO) mice had no overt baseline phenotype however, following isoproterenol infusion, increased cardiomyocyte death and hypertrophy in comparison to isoproterenol treated WT animals was observed. DR5KO mice had an augmented fibrotic response with isoproterenol treatment compared with WT, which corresponded with additional decreases in contractility. These findings identify a dual role for DR5 in cardiac fibroblast function through enhanced naïve fibroblast proliferation, which switches to a pro-apoptotic function upon differentiation to myofibroblasts. This is important in heart failure where DR5 activation suppresses maladaptive remodeling and may represent a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miles A Tanner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Laurel A Grisanti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kakareko K, Rydzewska-Rosołowska A, Zbroch E, Hryszko T. TRAIL and Cardiovascular Disease-A Risk Factor or Risk Marker: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10061252. [PMID: 33803523 PMCID: PMC8002847 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a pro-apoptotic protein showing broad biological functions. Data from animal studies indicate that TRAIL may possibly contribute to the pathophysiology of cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, ischemic stroke and abdominal aortic aneurysm. It has been also suggested that TRAIL might be useful in cardiovascular risk stratification. This systematic review aimed to evaluate whether TRAIL is a risk factor or risk marker in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) focusing on major adverse cardiovascular events. Two databases (PubMed and Cochrane Library) were searched until December 2020 without a year limit in accordance to the PRISMA guidelines. A total of 63 eligible original studies were identified and included in our systematic review. Studies suggest an important role of TRAIL in disorders such as heart failure, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, ischemic stroke, peripheral artery disease, and pulmonary and gestational hypertension. Most evidence associates reduced TRAIL levels and increased TRAIL-R2 concentration with all-cause mortality in patients with CVDs. It is, however, unclear whether low TRAIL levels should be considered as a risk factor rather than a risk marker of CVDs. Further studies are needed to better define the association of TRAIL with cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kakareko
- 2nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (A.R.-R.); (T.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alicja Rydzewska-Rosołowska
- 2nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (A.R.-R.); (T.H.)
| | - Edyta Zbroch
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Hryszko
- 2nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (A.R.-R.); (T.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cellular and Molecular Differences between HFpEF and HFrEF: A Step Ahead in an Improved Pathological Understanding. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010242. [PMID: 31963679 PMCID: PMC7016826 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is the most rapidly growing cardiovascular health burden worldwide. HF can be classified into three groups based on the percentage of the ejection fraction (EF): heart failure with reduced EF (HFrEF), heart failure with mid-range-also called mildly reduced EF- (HFmrEF), and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). HFmrEF can progress into either HFrEF or HFpEF, but its phenotype is dominated by coronary artery disease, as in HFrEF. HFrEF and HFpEF present with differences in both the development and progression of the disease secondary to changes at the cellular and molecular level. While recent medical advances have resulted in efficient and specific treatments for HFrEF, these treatments lack efficacy for HFpEF management. These differential response rates, coupled to increasing rates of HF, highlight the significant need to understand the unique pathogenesis of HFrEF and HFpEF. In this review, we summarize the differences in pathological development of HFrEF and HFpEF, focussing on disease-specific aspects of inflammation and endothelial function, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and death, alterations in the giant spring titin, and fibrosis. We highlight the areas of difference between the two diseases with the aim of guiding research efforts for novel therapeutics in HFrEF and HFpEF.
Collapse
|
13
|
Shi Q, Jin S, Xiang X, Tian J, Huang R, Li S, Chen C, Xu H, Song C. The metabolic change in serum lysoglycerophospholipids intervened by triterpenoid saponins from Kuding tea on hyperlipidemic mice. Food Funct 2019; 10:7782-7792. [PMID: 31782452 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02142f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Triterpenoid saponins from Kuding tea have demonstrated preventive effects on hyperlipidaemia induced by a high-fat diet. Lysoglycerophospholipids (Lyso-GPLs) are known to be associated with proatherogenic conditions such as hyperlipidaemia. In this study, a target profiling strategy based on a multiple reaction monitoring mode was applied for the analysis of Lyso-GPLs. The metabolic changes were evaluated by the qualitative and relative quantitative distribution of six classes of Lyso-GPLs in mouse serum. A total of 153 Lyso-GPL regioisomers, consisting of 85 lysophosphatidylcholines, 15 lysophosphatidic acids, 23 lysophosphatidylethanolamines, 5 lysophosphatidylserines, 19 lysophosphatidylinositols and 6 lysophosphatidylglycerols, were detected and quantified. The results showed decreased trends in the content of total Lyso-GPLs in the serum of hyperlipidemic mice compared with that in normal controls. The content of total Lyso-GPLs significantly increased after treatment with triterpenoid saponins from Kuding tea. Among them, the proportions of most Lyso-GPLs with a higher degree of unsaturation or a longer carbon chain in fatty acyl chains dramatically decreased in hyperlipidemic mice. However, this tendency reversed after the treatment of triterpenoid saponins from Kuding tea. This is the first study regarding a target profiling strategy for the quantitative analysis of six different types of Lyso-GPLs on high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic mice intervened by Kuding tea. Those Lyso-GPLs changed significantly may be potential biomarkers for hyperlipidaemia, and involved in the mechanism of the preventive intervention of Kuding tea on Lipid metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingxin Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
TRAIL, OPG, and TWEAK in kidney disease: biomarkers or therapeutic targets? Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:1145-1166. [PMID: 31097613 PMCID: PMC6526163 DOI: 10.1042/cs20181116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ligands and receptors of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily regulate immune responses and homeostatic functions with potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Kidney disease represents a global public health problem, whose prevalence is rising worldwide, due to the aging of the population and the increasing prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and immune disorders. In addition, chronic kidney disease is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, which further increases kidney-related morbidity and mortality. Recently, it has been shown that some TNF superfamily members are actively implicated in renal pathophysiology. These members include TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), its decoy receptor osteoprotegerin (OPG), and TNF-like weaker inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK). All of them have shown the ability to activate crucial pathways involved in kidney disease development and progression (e.g. canonical and non-canonical pathways of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B), as well as the ability to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, necrosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis with double-edged effects depending on the type and stage of kidney injury. Here we will review the actions of TRAIL, OPG, and TWEAK on diabetic and non-diabetic kidney disease, in order to provide insights into their full clinical potential as biomarkers and/or therapeutic options against kidney disease.
Collapse
|
15
|
Kosanovic D, Platzek SM, Petrovic A, Sydykov A, Maripov A, Mamazhakypov A, Sartmyrzaeva M, Muratali Uulu K, Cholponbaeva M, Toktosunova A, Omurzakova N, Duishobaev M, Vroom C, Pak O, Weissmann N, Ghofrani HA, Sarybaev A, Schermuly RT. Circulating Apoptotic Signals During Acute and Chronic Exposure to High Altitude in Kyrgyz Population. Front Physiol 2019; 10:54. [PMID: 30804801 PMCID: PMC6370645 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Circulating apoptotic signals (CASs) have been described in the pathologies associated with dysregulated apoptosis, such as cancer, heart diseases, and pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, nothing is known about the expression profiles of these markers in the circulation of humans exposed to acute and chronic effects of high altitude (HA). Methods: Gene expression levels of different apoptotic signals (ASs) were analyzed in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) upon hypoxia incubation. In addition, we measured the plasma values of relevant CAS in Kyrgyz volunteers during acute and chronic exposure to HA. Finally, we analyzed the effects of pro-apoptotic mediator Fas ligand (FasL) on apoptosis and proliferation of human PASMCs. Results: Several cellular AS were increased in PASMCs exposed to hypoxia, in comparison to normoxia condition. Among analyzed CAS, there was a prominent reduction of FasL in lowlanders exposed to HA environment. Furthermore, decreased circulatory levels of FasL were found in highlanders with HA-induced PH (HAPH), as compared to the lowland controls. Furthermore, FasL concentration in plasma negatively correlated with tricuspid regurgitant gradient values. Finally, FasL exerted pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects on PASMCs. Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that circulating levels of FasL are reduced during acute and chronic exposure to HA environment. In addition, dysregulated FasL may play a role in the context of HAPH due to its relevant functions on apoptosis and proliferation of PASMCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Djuro Kosanovic
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Simon Maximilian Platzek
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Aleksandar Petrovic
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Akylbek Sydykov
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Abdirashit Maripov
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Argen Mamazhakypov
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Meerim Sartmyrzaeva
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Kubatbek Muratali Uulu
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Meerim Cholponbaeva
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Aidana Toktosunova
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Nazgul Omurzakova
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Melis Duishobaev
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Christina Vroom
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Oleg Pak
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hossein Ardeschir Ghofrani
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Akpay Sarybaev
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Ralph Theo Schermuly
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Manuneedhi Cholan P, Cartland SP, Dang L, Rayner BS, Patel S, Thomas SR, Kavurma MM. TRAIL protects against endothelial dysfunction in vivo and inhibits angiotensin-II-induced oxidative stress in vascular endothelial cells in vitro. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 126:341-349. [PMID: 30165101 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The vascular endothelium is critical for maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. Endothelial dysfunction is a key event of atherosclerosis, with oxidative stress mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) playing a major role. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is increasingly recognised to play a protective role in atherosclerosis, however the molecular mechanisms by which it exerts its beneficial effects are unclear. Here we examined if TRAIL could attenuate vascular oxidative stress and improve endothelial cell (EC) function. In coronary artery disease patients, plasma TRAIL levels were significantly reduced compared to healthy individuals, and negatively correlated with the levels of circulating 8-iso Prostaglandin F2α, a marker of in vivo oxidative stress. In vivo, high-fat fed, atherosclerotic Trail-/-Apoe-/- mice exhibited a significant impairment in endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation, which correlated with increased vascular ROS and 4-hydroxynonenal compared to Apoe-/- mice. Endothelial permeability measured by Evan's blue dye extravasation was increased in several organs of Trail-/- mice compared to wild-type mice, which correlated with a decrease in VE-cadherin expression. In vitro in ECs, angiotensin II (AngII)-induced ROS generation involving the mitochondria, NADPH oxidase-4 (NOX-4) and eNOS, was inhibited by pre-treatment with TRAIL. Furthermore, AngII-augmented VCAM-1 expression and monocyte adhesion to ECs was inhibited by TRAIL. Finally, AngII reduced VE-cadherin expression and redistributed this protein, all of which was brought back to baseline by TRAIL pre-treatment. These findings demonstrate for the first time that TRAIL protects against several forms of endothelial dysfunction involving its ability to control EC ROS generation. Understanding the role TRAIL plays in normal physiology and disease, may lead to potential new therapies to improve endothelial function and atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Manuneedhi Cholan
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Siân P Cartland
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Lei Dang
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Benjamin S Rayner
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Sanjay Patel
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shane R Thomas
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Mary M Kavurma
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Arcidiacono MV, Rimondi E, Maietti E, Melloni E, Tisato V, Gallo S, Valdivielso JM, Fernández E, Betriu À, Voltan R, Zauli G, Volpato S, Secchiero P. Relationship between low levels of circulating TRAIL and atheromatosis progression in patients with chronic kidney disease. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203716. [PMID: 30204795 PMCID: PMC6133360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients experience a high risk of cardiovascular disease (CV); however, the factors involved in CV-related morbidity and mortality in these patients have not been fully defined. Tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a cytokine, which exhibits pleiotropic activities on endothelial, vascular smooth muscle and inflammatory cells, with relevant effects on atheromatous plaque formation. On this basis, the present study aims to investigate the role of TRAIL in atheromatosis progression in CKD patients. Methods Circulating TRAIL levels were measured in 378 CKD patients belonging to the Spanish National Observatory of Atherosclerosis in Nephrology (NEFRONA) study. All patients were free of previous CV events. Carotid and femoral B-mode ultrasound was performed to detect the presence of plaque at baseline and after 24 months of follow-up. Results The lowest levels of TRAIL at baseline were significantly (p<0.05) associated with the appearance, after 24 months of follow-up, of at least two new atheromatous plaques in all territories and of one new plaque in the carotid artery, even after adjusting for CV risk factors. In addition, the patients with low levels of TRAIL at baseline were characterized by the presence of at least one hypoechoic plaque in the carotid artery. This association was significant (p<0.05) even after adjusting for CKD stage. Conclusions Overall, the results of our study suggest TRAIL as an assertable independent prognostic biomarker for atheromatosis plaque formation in CKD patients. This observation further supports the potential role of TRAIL for the prevention/treatment of CV disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vittoria Arcidiacono
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Via dell'Istria, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, Ferrara, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Erika Rimondi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisa Maietti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64/b, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Melloni
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Veronica Tisato
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Gallo
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Jose Manuel Valdivielso
- Grupo de Investigación Translacional Vascular y Renal, and RedinRen RETIC, ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Lleida (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Elvira Fernández
- Grupo de Investigación Translacional Vascular y Renal, and RedinRen RETIC, ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Lleida (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Àngels Betriu
- Grupo de Investigación Translacional Vascular y Renal, and RedinRen RETIC, ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Lleida (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Rebecca Voltan
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefano Volpato
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64/b, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Relationship between TRAIL and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated with Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3709084. [PMID: 30112383 PMCID: PMC6077671 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3709084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Apoptosis plays an important role in the myocardial injury after acute myocardial infarction and in the subsequent development of heart failure. Aim To clarify serum kinetics of apoptotic markers TRAIL and sFas and their relation to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). Methods In 101 patients with STEMI treated with pPCI, levels of TRAIL and sFas were measured in series of serum samples obtained during hospitalization and one month after STEMI. LVEF was assessed at admission and at one month. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, i.e., death, re-MI, and hospitalization for heart failure and stroke) were analysed during a two-year followup. Results Serum level of TRAIL significantly decreased one day after pPCI (50.5pg/mL) compared to admission (56.7pg/mL), subsequently increased on day 2 after pPCI (58.8pg/mL), and reached its highest level at one month (70.3pg/mL). TRAIL levels on days 1 and 2 showed a significant inverse correlation with troponin and a significant positive correlation with LVEF at baseline. Moreover, TRAIL correlated significantly with LVEF one month after STEMI (day 1: r=0.402, p<0.001; day 2: r=0.542, p<0.001). On the contrary, sFas level was significantly lowest at admission (5073pg/mL), increased one day after pPCI (6370pg/mL), and decreased on day 2 (5548pg/mL). Significantly highest sFas level was marked at one month (7024pg/mL). sFas failed to correlate with LVEF at baseline or at one month. Both TRAIL and sFas showed no ability to predict improvement of LVEF one month after STEMI or a 2-year MACE (represented by 3.29%). Conclusion In STEMI treated with pPCI, TRAIL reaches its lowest serum concentration after reperfusion. Low TRAIL level is associated with worse LVEF in the acute phase of STEMI as well as one month after STEMI. Higher TRAIL level appears to be beneficial and thus TRAIL seems to represent a protective mediator of post-AMI injury.
Collapse
|
19
|
Tufekci KU, Vurgun U, Yigitaslan O, Keskinoglu P, Yaka E, Kutluk K, Genc S. Follow-up Analysis of Serum TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand Protein and mRNA Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Patients with Ischemic Stroke. Front Neurol 2018; 9:102. [PMID: 29556210 PMCID: PMC5844938 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), which is TNF receptor superfamily member, contributes to several diseases pathogenesis. The aim of this research was to investigate the relevance of serum TRAIL protein levels and mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with stroke through 6 months follow-up. We enrolled patients with first-ever acute ischemic stroke (n = 95) and healthy controls (n = 95) in this study. Follow-up blood samples were collected from patients at day 7, 28, and 180 after the onset. The stroke severity was evaluated by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score. TRAIL protein levels were quantified by using ELISA kits and TRAIL mRNA expression by quantitative real-time PCR. Our study showed that stroke patients have statistically significant lower levels of serum TRAIL protein (p < 0.0001) and elevated TRAIL mRNA expression (p < 0.0001) in PBMC at the disease onset. Our follow-up study revealed that TRAIL protein levels were increased while mRNA expression levels were downregulated in later periods. Overall, our findings suggest that serum TRAIL levels and mRNA expression in PBMC could reliably serve as a predictor of stroke outcome. Additionally, our study supports that TRAIL plays a role in pathogenesis and progression of ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Ugur Tufekci
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey.,Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Vurgun
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey.,Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Onur Yigitaslan
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Pembe Keskinoglu
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Erdem Yaka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Kursad Kutluk
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sermin Genc
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey.,Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lower maternal serum tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) levels in early preeclampsia. A retrospective study. Pregnancy Hypertens 2018; 12:1-5. [PMID: 29674187 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether maternal serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a cytokine with anti-inflammatory activity, also involved in cardiovascular morbidity, differ between women with early preeclampsia (<34 weeks) and those with uncomplicated pregnancies. STUDY DESIGN This nested case control study included 40 women carrying a single fetus with an uncomplicated pregnancy and 20 women with early preeclampsia (<34 weeks). Data were matched 1:2 for gestational age at the time of venipuncture (28-34 weeks of gestation), converted into multiples of the median and adjusted for maternal weight. The maternal serum TRAIL concentrations were determined using an enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS The TRAIL concentrations were lower in the patients with early preeclampsia when compared with those of the control group, being 29.64 ± 8.83 pg/dL and 43.8 ± 12.53 pg/dL (p-value < 0.001), respectively. The difference was also present after multiple of median conversion and maternal weight adjustment. The quoted multiple of median values were 1.00 ± 0.27 and 0.82 ± 0.23, respectively (p-value < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Serum TRAIL concentrations are significantly reduced in patients with early preeclampsia. This result is in line with the presence of an intravascular inflammation typical of preeclampsia. The lower levels of TRAIL detected in preeclampsia should be useful for a more proper selection of women with long-term cardiovascular risk later in life.
Collapse
|
21
|
Rochette L, Meloux A, Rigal E, Zeller M, Cottin Y, Vergely C. The role of osteoprotegerin in the crosstalk between vessels and bone: Its potential utility as a marker of cardiometabolic diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 182:115-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
22
|
Koller L, Hohensinner P, Rychli K, Zorn G, Goliasch G, Berger R, Mörtl D, Maurer G, Huber K, Pacher R, Wojta J, Hülsmann M, Niessner A, Richter B. Fractalkine is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with advanced heart failure. Thromb Haemost 2017; 108:1220-7. [DOI: 10.1160/th12-03-0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
SummaryImmunological processes are implicated in the multifactorial pathophysiology of heart failure (HF). The multifunctional chemokine fractalkine (CX3CL1) promotes the extravasation of cytotoxic lymphocytes into tissues. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of fractalkine in HF. Fractalkine plasma levels were determined in 349 patients with advanced systolic HF (median 75 years, 66% male). During a median follow-up of 4.9 years (interquartile range: 4.6–5.2), 55.9% of patients died. Fractalkine was a significant predictor of all-cause mortality (p <0.001) with a hazard ratio of 2.78 (95% confidence interval: 1.95–3.95) for the third compared to the first tertile. This association remained significant after multivariable adjustment for demographics, clinical predictive variables and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP, p=0.008). The predictive value of fractalkine did not significantly differ between patients with ischaemic and non-ischaemic HF aetiology (p=0.79). The predictive value of fractalkine tertiles was not significantly modified by tertiles of NT-proBNP (p=0.18) but was more pronounced in the first and third tertile of NT-proBNP. Fractalkine was also an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality (p=0.015). Fractalkine levels were significantly lower in patients on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy (p <0.001). In conclusion, circulating fractalkine with its pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects is an independent predictor of mortality in advanced HF patients. Fractalkine improves risk prediction beyond NTproBNP and might therefore help to identify high risk patients who need special care. Our data indicate the implication of immune modulation in HF pathology.
Collapse
|
23
|
Harper E, Rochfort KD, Forde H, Davenport C, Smith D, Cummins PM. TRAIL attenuates RANKL-mediated osteoblastic signalling in vascular cell mono-culture and co-culture models. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188192. [PMID: 29145460 PMCID: PMC5690591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Vascular calcification (VC) is a major risk factor for elevated cardiovascular morbidity/mortality. Underlying this process is osteoblastic signalling within the vessel wall involving complex and interlinked roles for receptor-activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). RANKL promotes vascular cell osteoblastic differentiation, whilst OPG acts as a neutralizing decoy receptor for RANKL (and TRAIL). With respect to TRAIL, much recent evidence points to a vasoprotective role for this ligand, albeit via unknown mechanisms. In order to shed more light on TRAILs vasoprotective role therefore, we employed in vitro cell models to test the hypothesis that TRAIL can counteract the RANKL-mediated signalling that occurs between the vascular cells that comprise the vessel wall. Methods and results Human aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cell mono-cultures (HAECs, HASMCs) were treated with RANKL (0–25 ng/mL ± 5 ng/mL TRAIL) for 72 hr. Furthermore, to better recapitulate the paracrine signalling that exists between endothelial and smooth muscle cells within the vessel wall, non-contact transwell HAEC:HASMC co-cultures were also employed and involved RANKL treatment of HAECs (±TRAIL), subsequently followed by analysis of pro-calcific markers in the underlying subluminal HASMCs. RANKL elicited robust osteoblastic signalling across both mono- and co-culture models (e.g. increased BMP-2, alkaline phosphatase/ALP, Runx2, and Sox9, in conjunction with decreased OPG). Importantly, several RANKL actions (e.g. increased BMP-2 release from mono-cultured HAECs or increased ALP/Sox9 levels in co-cultured HASMCs) could be strongly blocked by co-incubation with TRAIL. In summary, this paper clearly demonstrates that RANKL can elicit pro-osteoblastic signalling in HAECs and HASMCs both directly and across paracrine signalling axes. Moreover, within these contexts we present clear evidence that TRAIL can block several key signalling actions of RANKL in vascular cells, providing further evidence of its vasoprotective potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Harper
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Keith D. Rochfort
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hannah Forde
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Academic Endocrinology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colin Davenport
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Diarmuid Smith
- Department of Academic Endocrinology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Philip M. Cummins
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hage C, Michaëlsson E, Linde C, Donal E, Daubert JC, Gan LM, Lund LH. Inflammatory Biomarkers Predict Heart Failure Severity and Prognosis in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Holistic Proteomic Approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 10:CIRCGENETICS.116.001633. [PMID: 28100627 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.116.001633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Underlying mechanisms in heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction remain unknown. We investigated cardiovascular plasma biomarkers in HF with preserved ejection fraction and their correlation to diastolic dysfunction, functional class, pathophysiological processes, and prognosis. METHODS AND RESULTS In 86 stable patients with HF and EF ≥45% in the Karolinska Rennes (KaRen) biomarker substudy, biomarkers were quantified by a multiplex immunoassay. Orthogonal projection to latent structures by partial least square analysis was performed on 87 biomarkers and 240 clinical variables, ranking biomarkers associated with New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional class and the composite outcome (all-cause mortality and HF hospitalization). Biomarkers significantly correlated with outcome were analyzed by multivariable Cox regression and correlations with echocardiographic measurements performed. The orthogonal partial least square outcome-predicting biomarker pattern was run against the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) database, containing annotated data from the public domain. The orthogonal partial least square analyses identified 32 biomarkers correlated with NYHA class and 28 predicting outcomes. Among outcome-predicting biomarkers, growth/differentiation factor-15 was the strongest and an additional 7 were also significant in Cox regression analyses when adjusted for age, sex, and N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide: adrenomedullin (hazard ratio per log increase 2.53), agouti-related protein; (1.48), chitinase-3-like protein 1 (1.35), C-C motif chemokine 20 (1.35), fatty acid-binding protein (1.33), tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (2.29), and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (0.34). Twenty-three of them correlated with diastolic dysfunction (E/e') and 5 with left atrial volume index. The IPA suggested that increased inflammation, immune activation with decreased necrosis and apoptosis preceded poor outcome. CONCLUSIONS In HF with preserved ejection fraction, novel biomarkers of inflammation predict HF severity and prognosis that may complement or even outperform traditional markers, such as N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide. These findings lend support to a hypothesis implicating global systemic inflammation in HF with preserved ejection fraction. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT00774709.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Hage
- From the Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (C.H., C.L., L.H.L.); Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.H., C.L., L.H.L.); Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden (E.M., L.-M.G.); Département de Cardiologie and CIC-IT U 804, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, France (E.D., J.-C.D.); and Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden (L.-M.G.).
| | - Erik Michaëlsson
- From the Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (C.H., C.L., L.H.L.); Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.H., C.L., L.H.L.); Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden (E.M., L.-M.G.); Département de Cardiologie and CIC-IT U 804, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, France (E.D., J.-C.D.); and Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden (L.-M.G.)
| | - Cecilia Linde
- From the Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (C.H., C.L., L.H.L.); Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.H., C.L., L.H.L.); Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden (E.M., L.-M.G.); Département de Cardiologie and CIC-IT U 804, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, France (E.D., J.-C.D.); and Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden (L.-M.G.)
| | - Erwan Donal
- From the Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (C.H., C.L., L.H.L.); Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.H., C.L., L.H.L.); Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden (E.M., L.-M.G.); Département de Cardiologie and CIC-IT U 804, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, France (E.D., J.-C.D.); and Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden (L.-M.G.)
| | - Jean-Claude Daubert
- From the Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (C.H., C.L., L.H.L.); Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.H., C.L., L.H.L.); Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden (E.M., L.-M.G.); Département de Cardiologie and CIC-IT U 804, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, France (E.D., J.-C.D.); and Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden (L.-M.G.)
| | - Li-Ming Gan
- From the Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (C.H., C.L., L.H.L.); Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.H., C.L., L.H.L.); Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden (E.M., L.-M.G.); Département de Cardiologie and CIC-IT U 804, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, France (E.D., J.-C.D.); and Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden (L.-M.G.)
| | - Lars H Lund
- From the Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (C.H., C.L., L.H.L.); Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (C.H., C.L., L.H.L.); Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden (E.M., L.-M.G.); Département de Cardiologie and CIC-IT U 804, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, France (E.D., J.-C.D.); and Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden (L.-M.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Low Circulating TRAIL Levels Are Associated with Increase of Resistin and Lipocalin-2/ngal Adipokines in Postmenopausal Women. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:5356020. [PMID: 29056829 PMCID: PMC5605790 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5356020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is attracting attention for its role in the physiopathology of metabolic disease/diabetes. Evidence suggests that it might protect against metabolic abnormalities driven by obesity-induced dysregulated secretion of adipokines, but this role of TRAIL has not yet been fully established. On this basis, we aimed to investigate the potential association between TRAIL and adipokine levels in a cohort of subjects in which age/gender/hormonal interferences were excluded. Methods Serum levels of TRAIL and a panel of adipokines were measured in postmenopausal women (n = 147) stratified according to waist circumference measures as normal, overweight, or obese. The panel of adipokines included interleukin- (IL-) 6, IL-8, IL-1β, adipsin, lipocalin-2/neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (ngal), TNF-alpha, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, hepatocyte growth factor, resistin, leptin, adiponectin, and nerve growth factor. Results Low serum TRAIL concentration (deciles I–IV) was significantly and inversely correlated with resistin and lipocalin 2/ngal levels (r = −0.502 and p < 0.001 and r = −0.360 and p < 0.01, resp.). Both associations retained their statistical significance after adjustment for confounding factors, such as waist circumference and age. Conclusions Our data indicate a link between low circulating levels of TRAIL and markers of obesity-induced diseases (resistin and lipocalin-2/ngal), highlighting a new potential axis of TRAIL functions.
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Apoptosis plays an important role in the myocardial loss after acute myocardial infarction and participates in the process of subsequent left ventricular remodeling and development of symptomatic heart failure. Finding a sensitive apoptotic marker that would help in prognostic stratification of patients after acute myocardial infarction and offer new therapeutic strategies is thus of a great importance. Several studies suggest that tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) represents a very promising marker of prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction. This review article provides an overview of current knowledge on the role of apoptosis in ischemic heart disease and highlights potentially beneficial apoptotic markers in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Teringova
- Cardiocenter, Department of Cardiology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Srobarova 50, 100 34, Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Tousek
- Cardiocenter, Department of Cardiology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Srobarova 50, 100 34, Prague 10, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Iso H, Maruyama K, Eshak ES, Ikehara S, Yamagishi K, Tamakoshi A. Blood soluble Fas levels and mortality from cardiovascular disease in middle-aged Japanese: The JACC study. Atherosclerosis 2017; 260:97-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
28
|
Scrutinio D, Conserva F, Passantino A, Iacoviello M, Lagioia R, Gesualdo L. Circulating microRNA-150-5p as a novel biomarker for advanced heart failure: A genome-wide prospective study. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017; 36:616-624. [PMID: 28259597 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating microRNAs (miRs) are promising biomarkers for heart failure (HF). Previous studies have provided inconsistent miR "signatures." The phenotypic and pathophysiologic heterogeneity of HF may have contributed to this inconsistency. In this study we assessed whether advanced HF (AHF) patients present a distinct miR signature compared with healthy subjects (HS) and mild to moderate HF (MHF) patients. METHODS The study consisted of 2 phases: a screening phase and a validation phase. In the screening phase, 752 miRs were profiled in HS and MHF and AHF patients (N = 15), using the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) technique and global mean normalization. In the validation phase, the miRs found to be significantly dysregulated in AHF patients compared with both HS and MHF patients were validated in 15 HS, 25 patients with MHF and 29 with AHF, using RT-qPCR, and normalizing to exogenous (cel-miR-39) and endogenous controls. RESULTS In the screening phase, 5 miRs were found to be significantly dysregulated: -26a-5p; -145-3p; -150-5p; -485-3p; and -487b-3p. In the validation phase, miR-150-5p was confirmed to be significantly downregulated in AHF patients when compared with both HS and MHF patients, irrespective of the normalization method used. miR-26a-5p was confirmed to be significantly dysregulated only when normalized to cell-miR-39. Dysregulation of the other miRs could not be confirmed. miR-150-5p was significantly associated with maladaptive remodeling, disease severity and outcome. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest miR-150-5p as a novel circulating biomarker for AHF. The association of miR-150-5p with maladaptive remodeling, disease severity and outcome supports the pathophysiologic relevance of downregulated miR-150-5p expression to AHF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Scrutinio
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation. Scientific Clinical Institutes Maugeri, IRCCS Institute of Cassano Murge, Bari, Italy.
| | - Francesca Conserva
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation. Scientific Clinical Institutes Maugeri, IRCCS Institute of Cassano Murge, Bari, Italy; Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Passantino
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation. Scientific Clinical Institutes Maugeri, IRCCS Institute of Cassano Murge, Bari, Italy
| | - Massimo Iacoviello
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Rocco Lagioia
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation. Scientific Clinical Institutes Maugeri, IRCCS Institute of Cassano Murge, Bari, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kurano M, Kano K, Dohi T, Matsumoto H, Igarashi K, Nishikawa M, Ohkawa R, Ikeda H, Miyauchi K, Daida H, Aoki J, Yatomi Y. Different origins of lysophospholipid mediators between coronary and peripheral arteries in acute coronary syndrome. J Lipid Res 2016; 58:433-442. [PMID: 28007846 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p071803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acids (LysoPAs) and lysophosphatidylserine (LysoPS) are emerging lipid mediators proposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). In this study, we attempted to elucidate how LysoPA and LysoPS become elevated in ACS using human blood samples collected simultaneously from culprit coronary arteries and peripheral arteries in ACS subjects. We found that: 1) the plasma LysoPA, LysoPS, and lysophosphatidylglycerol levels were not different, while the lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC), lysophosphatidylinositol, and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) levels were significantly lower in the culprit coronary arteries; 2) the serum autotaxin (ATX) level was lower and the serum phosphatidylserine-specific phospholipase A1 (PS-PLA1) level was higher in the culprit coronary arteries; 3) the LysoPE and ATX levels were significant explanatory factors for the mainly elevated species of LysoPA, except for 22:6 LysoPA, in the peripheral arteries, while the LysoPC and LysoPE levels, but not the ATX level, were explanatory factors in the culprit coronary arteries; and 4) 18:0 and 18:1 LysoPS were significantly correlated with PS-PLA1 only in the culprit coronary arteries. In conclusion, the origins of LysoPA and LysoPS might differ between culprit coronary arteries and peripheral arteries, and substrates for ATX, such as LysoPC and LysoPE, might be important for the generation of LysoPA in ACS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kurano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST)
| | - Kuniyuki Kano
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST).,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Dohi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Koji Igarashi
- Bioscience Division, Reagent Development Department, AIA Research Group, TOSOH Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masako Nishikawa
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST)
| | - Ryunosuke Ohkawa
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ikeda
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST).,Department of Clinical Laboratory, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsumi Miyauchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Daida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST).,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yatomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan .,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST).,Department of Clinical Laboratory, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cardiovascular risk assessment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: The relevance of clinical, genetic and serological markers. Autoimmun Rev 2016; 15:1013-1030. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
31
|
Voltan R, Secchiero P, Casciano F, Milani D, Zauli G, Tisato V. Redox signaling and oxidative stress: Cross talk with TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand activity. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 81:364-374. [PMID: 27686849 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Redox regulation plays a key role in several physiopathological contexts and free radicals, from nitric oxide and superoxide anion up to other forms of reactive oxygen species (ROS), have been demonstrated to be involved in different biological and regulatory processes. The data reported in the current literature describe a link between ROS, inflammation and programmed cell death that is attracting interest as new pathways to be explored and targeted for therapeutic purposes. In this light, there is also growing attention to the involvement of this link in the activity of the TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL). TRAIL is a member of the TNF ligands super family able to mediate multiple intracellular signals, with the potential to lead to a range of biological effects in different cell types. In particular, the hallmark of TRAIL is the ability to induce selective apoptosis in transformed cells leaving normal cells almost unaffected and this feature has already opened the door to several clinical studies for cancer treatment. Moreover, TRAIL plays a role in several physiological and pathological processes of both innate and adaptive immune systems and of the cardiovascular context, with a strong clinical potential. Nonetheless, several issues still need to be clarified about the signaling mediated by TRAIL to gain deeper insight into its therapeutic potential. In this light, the aim of this review is to summarize the main preclinical evidences about the interplay between TRAIL and redox signaling, with particular emphasis to the implications in vascular physiopathology and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Voltan
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Casciano
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Daniela Milani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Veronica Tisato
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Harper E, Forde H, Davenport C, Rochfort KD, Smith D, Cummins PM. Vascular calcification in type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: Integrative roles for OPG, RANKL and TRAIL. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 82:30-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
33
|
Tisato V, Gonelli A, Voltan R, Secchiero P, Zauli G. Clinical perspectives of TRAIL: insights into central nervous system disorders. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:2017-27. [PMID: 26910728 PMCID: PMC4834097 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2164-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand TRAIL is a member of the TNF superfamily that has been firstly studied and evaluated for its anti-cancer activity, and the insights into its biology have already led to the identification of several TRAIL-based anticancer strategies with strong clinical therapeutic potentials. Nonetheless, the TRAIL system is far more complex and it can lead to a wider range of biological effects other than the ability of inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. By virtue of the different receptors and the different signalling pathways involved, TRAIL plays indeed a role in the regulation of different processes of the innate and adaptive immune system and this feature makes it an intriguing molecule under consideration in the development/progression/treatment of several immunological disorders. In this context, central nervous system represents a peculiar anatomic site where, despite its "status" of immune-privileged site, both innate and adaptive inflammatory responses occur and are involved in several pathological conditions. A number of studies have evaluated the role of TRAIL and of TRAIL-related pathways as pro-inflammatory or protective stimuli, depending on the specific pathological condition, confirming a twofold nature of this molecule. In this light, the aim of this review is to summarize the main preclinical evidences of the potential/involvement of TRAIL molecule and TRAIL pathways for the treatment of central nervous system disorders and the key suggestions coming from their assessment in preclinical models as proof of concept for future clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Tisato
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Arianna Gonelli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Rebecca Voltan
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bernardi S, Bossi F, Toffoli B, Fabris B. Roles and Clinical Applications of OPG and TRAIL as Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:1752854. [PMID: 27200369 PMCID: PMC4856888 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1752854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the major cause of death and premature disability in Western societies. Assessing the risk of CVD is an important aspect in clinical decision-making. Among the growing number of molecules that are studied for their potential utility as CVD biomarkers, a lot of attention has been focused on osteoprotegerin (OPG) and its ligands, which are receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. Based on the existing literature and on our experience in this field, here we review what the possible roles of OPG and TRAIL in CVD are and their potential utility as CVD biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stella Bernardi
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Fleur Bossi
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Barbara Toffoli
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Bruno Fabris
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Forde H, Harper E, Davenport C, Rochfort KD, Wallace R, Murphy RP, Smith D, Cummins PM. The beneficial pleiotropic effects of tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) within the vasculature: A review of the evidence. Atherosclerosis 2016; 247:87-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
36
|
Cho GW, Altamirano F, Hill JA. Chronic heart failure: Ca(2+), catabolism, and catastrophic cell death. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:763-777. [PMID: 26775029 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Robust successes have been achieved in recent years in conquering the acutely lethal manifestations of heart disease. Many patients who previously would have died now survive to enjoy happy and productive lives. Nevertheless, the devastating impact of heart disease continues unabated, as the spectrum of disease has evolved with new manifestations. In light of this ever-evolving challenge, insights that culminate in novel therapeutic targets are urgently needed. Here, we review fundamental mechanisms of heart failure, both with reduced (HFrEF) and preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction. We discuss pathways that regulate cardiomyocyte remodeling and turnover, focusing on Ca(2+) signaling, autophagy, and apoptosis. In particular, we highlight recent insights pointing to novel connections among these events. We also explore mechanisms whereby potential therapeutic approaches targeting these processes may improve morbidity and mortality in the devastating syndrome of heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey W Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Francisco Altamirano
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Joseph A Hill
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Liu H, Yang E, Lu X, Zuo C, He Y, Jia D, Zhu Q, Yu Y, Lv A. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand correlate with the severity of pulmonary hypertension. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2015; 33:39-46. [PMID: 26086178 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a rapidly progressive disease that eventually leads to right heart failure and death. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its receptors (TRAIL-Rs) play an important role in the survival, migration, and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. However, the association between serum TRAIL levels and PH is unknown. In this study, we assayed the serum soluble TRAIL (sTRAIL) levels in 78 patients with PH and 80 controls. The sTRAIL concentrations were elevated in the PH patients compared with the controls (138.76 ± 6.60 pg/mL vs. 80.14 ± 3.38 pg/mL, p < 0.0001). The presence of sTRAIL levels of >103 pg/mL could discriminate PH patients from healthy individuals, with a sensitivity of 75.6% and specificity of 81.2%. Moreover, elevated sTRAIL concentrations were associated with eventual pathological complications; this is consistent with the finding that sTRAIL levels decreased in patients who responded to treatment. In a hypoxia-induced PH mouse model, sTRAIL levels were significantly higher compared with those in normoxia mice, and clearly decreased when the mice were treated with treprostinil. The sTRAIL levels were positively correlated with right ventricular systolic pressure and the index of right ventricular hypertrophy. In conclusion, serum sTRAIL could be a biomarker for diagnosis and effective therapy for PH patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Erli Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaolan Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, Armed Police Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 201103, China
| | - Caojian Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yuhu He
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Daile Jia
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ankang Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Low serum TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) levels are associated with acute ischemic stroke severity. Atherosclerosis 2015; 240:228-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
39
|
Xiang G, Yue L, Zhang J, Xiang L, Dong J. The relationship between circulating TRAIL and endothelial dysfunction in subclinical hypothyroidism. Endocrine 2015; 49:184-90. [PMID: 25294014 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-014-0443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is associated with atherosclerosis. Subclinical hypothyroidism (sHT) is associated with the increased prevalence of atherosclerotic lesions and cardiovascular events. Therefore, we hypothesized that circulating TRAIL levels are associated with endothelial dysfunction in sHT patients. Two hundred and four patients with newly diagnosed sHT and 52 healthy subjects were recruited. Circulating TRAIL concentration was measured by an ELISA, and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of brachial artery was measured using high-resolution ultrasound. The mean value of circulating TRAIL in newly diagnosed sHT patients was 67.2 pg/ml, which was lower than that in controls (78.5 pg/ml, p < 0.001). By dividing the distribution of FMD levels into quartiles, TRAIL levels were increased gradually with the increase of FMD levels (p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that serum TRAIL levels were independently associated with FMD (p = 0.007). By logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio for lower FMD levels was reduced by 12.1 % per 1 pg/ml increase in serum TRAIL concentration after adjustment for multivariate metabolic factors [OR (95 % CI); 0.879 (0.721-0.973)]. Circulating TRAIL level decreased in newly diagnosed sHT patients and is positively associated with endothelial function, suggesting that circulating TRAIL level may be a protective marker of endothelial function in sHT patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangda Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, Wuluo Road 627, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kouloubinis A, Sofroniadou S, Panoulas VF, Makaritsis K, Revela I, Karavolias G, Voudris V, Adamopoulos S. The role of TNF-α, Fas/Fas ligand system and NT-proBNP in the early detection of asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction in cancer patients treated with anthracyclines. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2015; 6:85-90. [PMID: 28785633 PMCID: PMC5497149 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity typically presents as congestive heart failure (CHF). As immuno-inflammatory activation and apoptosis are important mechanisms in the process of heart failure, the use of biomarkers that could detect cardiovascular toxicity before the clinical presentation is of great importance. We studied whether sTNF-a, sTNF-RI, sTNF-RII, Fas/FasLigand system and NT-proBNP associate with early cardiac dysfunction in patients receiving cardiotoxic drugs. Methods Two groups of breast cancer patients—group A with metastatic disease under chemotherapy with epirubicin and group B with no residual disease under a less cardiotoxic regimen—as well as healthy women were included in this prosprective study. NT-proBNP, sTNF-a, sTNF-RI, sTNF-RII, sFas, sFas-Ligand and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were determined in all patients before and after the completion of chemotherapy. Results In Group A, an increase in sFas levels (p < 0.001), a decrease in the sFasL levels (p = 0.010), an NT-proBNP increase (p < 0.001) and a significant reduction of LVEF (p < 0.001) was recorded post-chemotherapy. The decrease in LVEF correlated significantly with the increase in sFas, the decrease in sFasL and the rise in NT-proBNP levels. In Group B, TNF-RI levels were higher (p = 0.024) and mean sFas-L levels lower (p = 0.021) post chemotherapy with no LVEF drop. Two of group A (7.6%) patients developed symptomatic CHF 12 and 14 months respectively after the end of chemotherapy. Conclusion SFas, sFas-L and NT-proBNP correlate with reductions in LVEF and could be used as sensitive biochemical indices for the detection of asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction in cancer patients under cardiotoxic chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Kouloubinis
- Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Department of Cardiology, 356 Siggrou Avenue,17674 Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Sofroniadou
- Center for Nephrology «G.Papadakis», General Hospital of Pireaus, Pireaus, Greece
| | - Vasileios F Panoulas
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Lambeth Palace Road, SE1 7EH London, UK
| | | | - Ioanna Revela
- Center for Nephrology «G.Papadakis», General Hospital of Pireaus, Pireaus, Greece
| | - George Karavolias
- Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Department of Cardiology, 356 Siggrou Avenue,17674 Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Voudris
- Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Department of Cardiology, 356 Siggrou Avenue,17674 Athens, Greece
| | - Stamatios Adamopoulos
- Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Department of Cardiology, 356 Siggrou Avenue,17674 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wang G, Jiang L, Song J, Zhou SF, Zhang H, Wang K, Xiao X. Mipu1 protects H9c2 myogenic cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis through inhibition of the expression of the death receptor Fas. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:18206-20. [PMID: 25310648 PMCID: PMC4227212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151018206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mipu1 (myocardial ischemic preconditioning upregulated protein 1), a novel rat gene recently identified in our lab, was expressed abundantly and predominantly in the brain and heart and upregulated in myocardium during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion in rats. In our previous study we found that Mipu1 was an evolutionarily conserved zinc finger-containing transcription factor. However, whether Mipu1 confers myocardial protection remains unknown. In this study, H9c2 myogenic cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to simulate oxidative stress during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. The expression of Mipu1 at mRNA and protein levels was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis. To study the effect of Mipu1 on apoptosis and expression of Fas induced by H2O2, full-length Mipu1 cDNA and Mipu1-RNAi plasmids were transiently transfected into H9c2 myogenic cells, and flow cytometry was used to quantitate the percentage of apoptotic cells. The expression of Fas was analyzed by Western blotting assay. The DNA binding and transcription activities of Mipu1 to the Fas promoter were detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays. The results showed that exposure of H9c2 myogenic cells to H2O2 resulted in a dose- and time-dependent increase in Mipu1 mRNA and protein levels; Mipu1 over-expression inhibited H2O2-induced apoptosis and upregulation of Fas induced by H2O2 in H9c2 myogenic cells; and knockdown of Mipu1 by RNAi promoted apoptosis and upregulation of Fas induced by H2O2. The chromatin immunoprecipition and reporter assays showed the DNA binding and transcription suppressor activities of Mipu1 to Fas promoter region. These results indicate that Mipu1 protected H9c2 myogenic cells from H2O2-induced apoptosis through inhibiting the expression of Fas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guiliang Wang
- Laboratory of Shock, Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Lei Jiang
- Laboratory of Shock, Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Juan Song
- Laboratory of Shock, Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Shu-Feng Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Huali Zhang
- Laboratory of Shock, Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Kangkai Wang
- Laboratory of Shock, Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Xianzhong Xiao
- Laboratory of Shock, Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Taneja AK, Gaze D, Coats AJ, Dumitrascu D, Spinarova L, Collinson P, Roughton M, Flather MD. Effects of nebivolol on biomarkers in elderly patients with heart failure. Int J Cardiol 2014; 175:253-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
43
|
Grisanti LA, Talarico JA, Carter RL, Yu JE, Repas AA, Radcliffe SW, Tang HA, Makarewich CA, Houser SR, Tilley DG. β-Adrenergic receptor-mediated transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor decreases cardiomyocyte apoptosis through differential subcellular activation of ERK1/2 and Akt. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 72:39-51. [PMID: 24566221 PMCID: PMC4037368 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
β-Adrenergic receptor (βAR)-mediated transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been shown to relay pro-survival effects via unknown mechanisms. We hypothesized that acute βAR-mediated EGFR transactivation in the heart promotes differential subcellular activation of ERK1/2 and Akt, promoting cell survival through modulation of apoptosis. C57BL/6 mice underwent acute i.p. injection with isoproterenol (ISO)±AG 1478 (EGFR antagonist) to assess the impact of βAR-mediated EGFR transactivation on the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (P-ERK1/2) and Akt (P-Akt) in distinct cardiac subcellular fractions. Increased P-ERK1/2 and P-Akt were observed in cytosolic, plasma membrane and nuclear fractions following ISO stimulation. Whereas the P-ERK1/2 response was EGFR-sensitive in all fractions, the P-Akt response was EGFR-sensitive only in the plasma membrane and nucleus, results confirmed in primary rat neonatal cardiomyocytes (RNCM). βAR-mediated EGFR-transactivation also decreased apoptosis in serum-depleted RNCM, as measured via TUNEL as well as caspase 3 activity/cleavage, which were sensitive to the inhibition of either ERK1/2 (PD184352) or Akt (LY-294002) signaling. Caspase 3 activity/cleavage was also sensitive to the inhibition of transcription, which, with an increase in nuclear P-ERK1/2 and P-Akt in response to ISO, suggested that βAR-mediated EGFR transactivation may regulate apoptotic gene transcription. An Apoptosis PCR Array identified tnfsf10 (TRAIL) to be altered by ISO in an EGFR-sensitive manner, results confirmed via RT-PCR and ELISA measurement of both membrane-bound and soluble cardiomyocyte TRAIL levels. βAR-mediated EGFR transactivation induces differential subcellular activation of ERK1/2 and Akt leading to increased cell survival through the modulation of caspase 3 activity and apoptotic gene expression in cardiomyocytes.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adrenergic beta-Agonists/pharmacology
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Caspase 3/genetics
- Caspase 3/metabolism
- Cats
- ErbB Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors
- ErbB Receptors/genetics
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Isoproterenol/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/metabolism
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/cytology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Primary Cell Culture
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Quinazolines/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Tyrphostins/pharmacology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurel A Grisanti
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Jennifer A Talarico
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson School of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Rhonda L Carter
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Justine E Yu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ashley A Repas
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Scott W Radcliffe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson School of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Hoang-Ai Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson School of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Catherine A Makarewich
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Steven R Houser
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Douglas G Tilley
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Association of serum tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand with body fat distribution as assessed by dual X-rays absorptiometry. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:306848. [PMID: 24966465 PMCID: PMC4055388 DOI: 10.1155/2014/306848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A low chronic inflammation mediated by cytokine release is considered a major pathogenic mechanism accounting for the higher risk of cardiovascular disease in the overweight/obese population. In this context, although the existence of a possible interaction between soluble tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) and quantity and localization, of adiposity in the body has been hypothesized, no studies have yet investigated this link by radiologic techniques able to assess directly fat mass (FM) in different body regions. To address this issue, we assessed body fat distribution by dual X-rays absorptiometry (DXA) in a sample of 103 women and investigated the possible association between the derived adiposity measures and serum TRAIL concentration. The level of TRAIL showed a positive and independent correlation with arms FM (P < 0.05), trunk FM (P < 0.001) and trunk FM% (P < 0.05), total FM and total FM% (P < 0.001 for both), and an inverse association with legs FM% (P < 0.05). Only trunk FM retained a significant correlation (P < 0.05) with TRAIL after adjusting for all the other indices of regional adiposity. In conclusion, from our study it emerged a significant and independent association of serum TRAIL levels with overall, and, mainly, central adiposity. Further studies are needed to longitudinally investigate the cause-effect relationship between change in body fat distribution and TRAIL.
Collapse
|
45
|
Xiang G, Zhang J, Ling Y, Zhao L. Circulating level of TRAIL concentration is positively associated with endothelial function and increased by diabetic therapy in the newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2014; 80:228-34. [PMID: 23931066 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is associated with atherosclerosis. This study was to investigate the changes of circulating TRAIL and its association with flow-mediated endothelium-dependent arterial dilation (FMD) before and after diabetic treatment in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study subjects included 55 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and 52 healthy subjects. Circulating TRAIL concentration was measured by an ELISA, and high-resolution ultrasound was used to measure FMD of brachial artery. RESULTS The circulating TRAIL in patients before treatment was 64·46 pg/ml, which was significantly lower than that in control (80·70 pg/ml, P < 0·001). After 6 months of diabetic treatment, TRAIL level increased markedly (75·11 pg/ml), which was still lower than that in control (P < 0·001). FMD was reduced compared with controls at baseline and increased after diabetic therapy (P < 0·001). In multivariate analysis, circulating TRAIL was significantly associated with FMD, fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-h blood glucose (2-h BG), haemoglobinA1c (HbA1c) and C-reactive protein (CRP) at baseline (P < 0·01). The absolute change in TRAIL was correlated with the changes in FMD, FBG, 2-h BG, HbA1c and CRP (P < 0·01) before and after diabetic treatment. CONCLUSION Circulating TRAIL level decreased in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and increased after 6 months of diabetic treatment significantly. The circulating TRAIL level is positively associated with endothelial function. Our data showed that circulating TRAIL level may be a protective maker of endothelial function in type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangda Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Giannoni A, Baruah R, Leong T, Rehman MB, Pastormerlo LE, Harrell FE, Coats AJS, Francis DP. Do optimal prognostic thresholds in continuous physiological variables really exist? Analysis of origin of apparent thresholds, with systematic review for peak oxygen consumption, ejection fraction and BNP. PLoS One 2014; 9:e81699. [PMID: 24475020 PMCID: PMC3903471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinicians are sometimes advised to make decisions using thresholds in measured variables, derived from prognostic studies. Objectives We studied why there are conflicting apparently-optimal prognostic thresholds, for example in exercise peak oxygen uptake (pVO2), ejection fraction (EF), and Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) in heart failure (HF). Data Sources and Eligibility Criteria Studies testing pVO2, EF or BNP prognostic thresholds in heart failure, published between 1990 and 2010, listed on Pubmed. Methods First, we examined studies testing pVO2, EF or BNP prognostic thresholds. Second, we created repeated simulations of 1500 patients to identify whether an apparently-optimal prognostic threshold indicates step change in risk. Results 33 studies (8946 patients) tested a pVO2 threshold. 18 found it prognostically significant: the actual reported threshold ranged widely (10–18 ml/kg/min) but was overwhelmingly controlled by the individual study population's mean pVO2 (r = 0.86, p<0.00001). In contrast, the 15 negative publications were testing thresholds 199% further from their means (p = 0.0001). Likewise, of 35 EF studies (10220 patients), the thresholds in the 22 positive reports were strongly determined by study means (r = 0.90, p<0.0001). Similarly, in the 19 positives of 20 BNP studies (9725 patients): r = 0.86 (p<0.0001). Second, survival simulations always discovered a “most significant” threshold, even when there was definitely no step change in mortality. With linear increase in risk, the apparently-optimal threshold was always near the sample mean (r = 0.99, p<0.001). Limitations This study cannot report the best threshold for any of these variables; instead it explains how common clinical research procedures routinely produce false thresholds. Key Findings First, shifting (and/or disappearance) of an apparently-optimal prognostic threshold is strongly determined by studies' average pVO2, EF or BNP. Second, apparently-optimal thresholds always appear, even with no step in prognosis. Conclusions Emphatic therapeutic guidance based on thresholds from observational studies may be ill-founded. We should not assume that optimal thresholds, or any thresholds, exist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Giannoni
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Resham Baruah
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tora Leong
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Frank E. Harrell
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Andrew J. S. Coats
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- Norfolk and Norwich Hospital, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Darrel P. Francis
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Szymanowski A, Li W, Lundberg A, Evaldsson C, Nilsson L, Backteman K, Ernerudh J, Jonasson L. Soluble Fas ligand is associated with natural killer cell dynamics in coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 2014; 233:616-622. [PMID: 24534457 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apoptosis of natural killer (NK) cells is increased in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and may explain why NK cell levels are altered in these patients. Soluble forms of Fas and Fas ligand (L) are considered as markers of apoptosis. Here, we investigated whether plasma levels of Fas and FasL were associated with NK cell apoptosis and NK cell levels in CAD patients. METHODS Fas and FasL in plasma were determined by ELISA in 2 cohorts of CAD patients; one longitudinal study measuring circulating NK cells and apoptotic NK cells by flow cytometry 1 day, 3 months and 12 months after a coronary event and one cross-sectional study measuring NK cell apoptosis ex vivo. Both studies included matched healthy controls. Fas and FasL were also determined in supernatants from NK cells undergoing cytokine-induced apoptosis in cell culture. RESULTS In the 12-month longitudinal study, plasma FasL increased by 15% (p<0.001) and NK cell levels by 31% (p<0.05) while plasma Fas did not change. Plasma FasL and NK cell levels were significantly related at 3 months and 12 months, r=0.40, p<0.01. Furthermore, plasma FasL, but not plasma Fas, correlated with NK cell apoptosis ex vivo in CAD patients, r=0.54, p<0.05. In vitro, cytokine-induced apoptosis of NK cells resulted in abundant release of FasL. CONCLUSION In CAD patients, FasL in plasma is associated with both apoptotic susceptibility of NK cells and dynamic changes in circulating NK cells. NK cells are also themselves a potential source of soluble FasL. Our findings link NK cell status to a soluble marker with possible atheroprotective effects thereby supporting a beneficial role of NK cells in CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Szymanowski
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, County Council of Östergötland, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anna Lundberg
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Chamilly Evaldsson
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lennart Nilsson
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Karin Backteman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, County Council of Östergötland, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jan Ernerudh
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, County Council of Östergötland, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lena Jonasson
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Richter B, Koller L, Hohensinner PJ, Zorn G, Brekalo M, Berger R, Mörtl D, Maurer G, Pacher R, Huber K, Wojta J, Hülsmann M, Niessner A. A multi-biomarker risk score improves prediction of long-term mortality in patients with advanced heart failure. Int J Cardiol 2013; 168:1251-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
49
|
Müller P, Deneke T, Schiedat F, Bösche L, Strauch J, Dietrich JW, Vogt M, Tannapfel A, Stiegler H, Mügge A, Ewers A. Increased preoperative serum apoptosis marker fas ligand correlates with histopathology and new-onset of atrial fibrillation in patients after cardiac surgery. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2013; 24:1110-5. [PMID: 23790081 DOI: 10.1111/jce.12191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated if preoperative serum apoptosis markers correlate with atrial histological remodeling and postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after cardiac surgery. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 33 patients with sinus rhythm (SR) and without history of atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing cardiac surgery were prospectively enrolled. Serum concentrations of Fas (apoptosis-stimulating fragment ligand) and TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) were measured preoperatively. Right atrial appendage (RAA) tissue was obtained during surgery. Atrial apoptosis was assessed via TUNEL assay and degree of atrial fibrosis was categorized histologically by visual quantification. Continuous ECG-Monitoring was used to screen for POAF throughout 10 days after cardiac surgery. POAF occurred in 15 patients (45%). Atrial apoptosis was higher in patients with POAF as compared to those without (35.9 ± 9.8% vs 14.5 ± 7.5%; P < 0.0001) and correlated with the degree of atrial fibrosis (r = 0.69; P < 0.0001). In contrast to TRAIL (87.0 ± 8.2 pg/mL vs 83.3 ± 9.4 pg/mL; P = 0.77), preoperative Fas serum concentration was significantly higher in patients with POAF compared to patients in stable SR (91.3 ± 7.2 pg/mL vs 66.7 ± 3.0 pg/mL; P < 0.01). Serum Fas concentration correlated with the degree of atrial apoptosis (r = 0.63; P < 0.001) and the degree of atrial fibrosis (r = 0.39; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Preoperative evaluation of serum apoptosis marker Fas is useful to identify patients at risk for POAF undergoing cardiac surgery. Fas but not TRAIL correlates with the documented degree of atrial apoptosis and atrial fibrosis in RAA tissue. Further studies need to identify the prospective role of Fas in predicting POAF events.
Collapse
|
50
|
Zauli G, Monasta L, Vecchi Brumatti L, Agnoletto C, Volpi P, Secchiero P. The circulating levels of TRAIL are extremely low after delivery but rapidly recover in both mothers and newborns. Cytokine 2013; 64:51-3. [PMID: 23722000 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) plasma levels was measured in plasma samples obtained 1h (time 1) and 2-3 days (time 2) after delivery in a group of healthy women (n=17) who underwent cesarean delivery, and showed a significantly increase from time 1 (39.3 pg/ml median; 41.2 ± 15.9 mean ± SD) to time 2 (71.6 pg/ml median; 73.8 ± 27.8 mean ± SD). Similarly, circulating TRAIL levels were extremely low in the plasma of newborns (n=41) within the first 24h after partum (time 1; 27.5 pg/ml, median; 31.5 ± 15.8 means ± SD), showing a significant increase 2-3 days after partum (time 2; 68.4 pg/ml, median; 75.1 ± 36.7 mean ± SD). It is also noteworthy that the highest levels of plasma TRAIL were observed in newborns with the following characteristics: (i) born at later gestational age, (ii) Apgar score >9, (iii) higher birth weight, (iv) born through vaginal partum. In conclusion, we have demonstrated for the first time that the levels of circulating TRAIL are markedly low in both mothers and children after delivery, rapidly rising thereafter. Moreover, the highest levels of TRAIL are observed in newborns with the best clinical parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Zauli
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|