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Hollingdale J, Woodhouse E, Tibber MS, Simonoff E, Hollocks MJ, Charman T. The cumulative impact of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism and intellectual disability for young people. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2024; 68:1062-1076. [PMID: 38887190 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodevelopmental conditions frequently co-occur. The aim of this paper was to determine whether there is a cumulative association between (1) the number of neurodevelopmental conditions, specifically hyperkinetic disorder (hereafter referred to as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), autism spectrum disorder (hereafter referred to as autism) and intellectual disability, and (2) behavioural and socio-emotional problems and the level of clinician-rated functioning for young males and females. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, diagnostic information, caregiver-rated behavioural and socio-emotional data (as conceptualised by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire) and clinician-rated functioning scores (as conceptualised by the Children's Global Assessment Scale) were extracted from electronic patient records for 2768 young people aged 3-17 years (mean = 11.55, SD = 3.46). All data were extracted at baseline, that is, at the time the young person was diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism and/or an intellectual disability. Ordinal regression analyses tested associations between the number of neurodevelopmental conditions met (i.e. 1, 2 or 3) and behavioural and socio-emotional outcomes and functioning. RESULTS After controlling for age and biological sex, the number of neurodevelopmental conditions was associated with higher levels of inattention/hyperactivity and peer problems, lower levels of prosocial behaviour and poorer clinician-rated functioning. Although these findings were consistent for males, a cumulative association was not identified for females, except for clinician-rated functioning. CONCLUSIONS For young people, the presence of multiple neurodevelopmental conditions may have a cumulative impact across domains, but this may differ between males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hollingdale
- Research Department of Clinical Psychology, Compass Psychology Services, London, UK
| | - E Woodhouse
- Research Department of Clinical Psychology, Compass Psychology Services, London, UK
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M S Tibber
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - E Simonoff
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Service for Complex Autism and Associated Neurodevelopmental Disorders, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM), London, UK
| | - M J Hollocks
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Service for Complex Autism and Associated Neurodevelopmental Disorders, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM), London, UK
| | - T Charman
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Service for Complex Autism and Associated Neurodevelopmental Disorders, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM), London, UK
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Lewer D, Gilbody S, Lewis G, Pryce J, Santorelli G, Wadman R, Watmuff A, Wright J. How do schools influence the emotional and behavioural health of their pupils? A multi-level analysis of 135 schools in the Born in Bradford inner city multi-ethnic birth cohort. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:1335-1346. [PMID: 38195962 PMCID: PMC11291525 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02608-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate variation in emotional and behavioural problems between primary schools in Bradford, an ethnically diverse and relatively deprived city in the UK. METHODS We did a cross-sectional analysis of data collected from 2017 to 2021 as part of the 'Born In Bradford' birth cohort study. We used multilevel linear regression in which the dependent variable was the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) total score, with a random intercept for schools. We adjusted for pupil-level characteristics including age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and parental mental health. RESULTS The study included 5,036 participants from 135 schools. Participants were aged 7-11 years and 56% were of Pakistani heritage. The mean SDQ score was 8.84 out of a maximum 40. We estimated that the standard deviation in school-level scores was 1.41 (95% CI 1.11-1.74) and 5.49% (95% CI 3.19-9.37%) of variation was explained at school level. After adjusting for pupil characteristics, the standard deviation of school-level scores was 1.04 (95% CI 0.76-1.32) and 3.51% (95% CI 1.75-6.18%) of variation was explained at school level. Simulation suggested that a primary school with 396 pupils at the middle of the distribution has 63 pupils (95% CI 49-78) with a 'raised' SDQ score of 15 + /40; and shifting a school from the lower to the upper quartile would prevent 26 cases (95% CI 5-46). CONCLUSION The prevalence of emotional and behavioural problems varies between schools. This is partially explained by pupil characteristics; though residual variation in adjusted scores may suggest that schools have a differential impact on mental wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lewer
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
- Department for Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Simon Gilbody
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Gemma Lewis
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - Joseph Pryce
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Gillian Santorelli
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Ruth Wadman
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Aidan Watmuff
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
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Neumann D, Peterson ER, Underwood L, Morton SMB, Waldie KE. The Association Between Persistence and Change in Behavioral Difficulties During Early to Middle Childhood and Cognitive Abilities at Age 8. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024; 55:1031-1043. [PMID: 36372805 PMCID: PMC11245443 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01453-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the association between persistence and change in behavioral difficulties during early to middle childhood and several cognitive outcomes. We observed 3904 8-year-olds enrolled in the longitudinal study Growing Up in New Zealand (50% male/female; 23% Māori, 9% Pacific Peoples, 13% Asian, 2% Middle Eastern/Latin American/African, 9% Other, 43% European). The NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery was used to assess cognitive functioning at 8 years and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for behavioral difficulties at 4.5 and 8 years. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted, controlling for well-known sociodemographic confounders. Children with persistent or later onset of behavioral difficulties were at higher risk for poorer vocabulary, reading, inhibitory control/attention, episodic memory, working memory and processing speed at age 8 compared to children with no or improved difficulties. Our study supports the importance of addressing both cognitive and behavioral aspects when planning educational programmes and interventions in early and middle childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Neumann
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, 1142, Auckland, New Zealand.
- Centre for Longitudinal Research - He Ara ki Mua, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
- School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Elizabeth R Peterson
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, 1142, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Longitudinal Research - He Ara ki Mua, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lisa Underwood
- Centre for Longitudinal Research - He Ara ki Mua, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Susan M B Morton
- Centre for Longitudinal Research - He Ara ki Mua, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Karen E Waldie
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, 1142, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Longitudinal Research - He Ara ki Mua, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Creasey N, Beijers R, O'Donnell KJ, de Weerth C, Tollenaar MS. Maternal sensitivity and child internalizing and externalizing behavior: a mediating role for glucocorticoid receptor gene ( NR3C1) methylation? Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:967-978. [PMID: 36896668 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The early caregiving environment can have lasting effects on child mental health. Animal models suggest that glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) DNA methylation plays a mediating role in linking more responsive caregiving to improved behavioral outcomes by its impact on the stress regulatory system. In this longitudinal study, we examined whether children's NR3C1 methylation levels mediate an effect of maternal sensitivity in infancy on levels of child internalizing and externalizing behavior in a community sample. Maternal sensitivity of 145 mothers was rated at infant age 5 weeks, 12 months, and 30 months by observing mother-infant interactions. Buccal DNA methylation was assessed in the same children at age 6 years and maternal-reported internalizing and externalizing behavior was assessed at age 6 and 10 years. Higher sensitivity at age 5 weeks significantly predicted lower DNA methylation levels at two NR3C1 CpG loci, although methylation levels at these loci did not mediate an effect of maternal sensitivity on levels of child internalizing and externalizing behavior. Overall, the study provides evidence that maternal sensitivity in early infancy is associated with DNA methylation levels at loci involved in stress regulation, but the significance of this finding for child mental health remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Creasey
- Preventive Youth Care, Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Roseriet Beijers
- Department of Social Development, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, the Netherlands, and Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Kieran J O'Donnell
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, QC, Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Child and Brain Development Program, Canada; and Yale Child Study Center & Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, USA
| | - Carolina de Weerth
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke S Tollenaar
- Institute of Psychology and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, the Netherlands
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Hollingdale J, Woodhouse E, Young S, Gudjonsson G, Charman T, Mandy W. Sex differences in conduct and emotional outcomes for young people with hyperactive/inattentive traits and social communication difficulties between 9 and 16 years of age: a growth curve analysis. Psychol Med 2023; 53:4539-4549. [PMID: 35904163 PMCID: PMC10388317 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722001416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this paper is to identify the trajectory of conduct and emotional problems for young people within the general population at four time points (between 9 years 7 months and 16 years 6 months), investigate their relationship with hyperactive/inattentive traits and explore the moderating effect of autistic social traits (ASTs). METHODS Data from 9305 individuals involved in The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) study were included. Conduct and emotional problems and hyperactive/inattentive traits were measured by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. ASTs were assessed using the Social Communication Disorder Checklist. Individual trajectories for conduct and emotional problems were identified via growth curve modelling. Hyperactive/inattentive traits were included within the growth curve model as a time-varying covariate to determine their effect on these outcomes. Finally, participants were split into two groups (below and above clinical threshold ASTs Groups) and multi-group invariance testing was conducted on the data to identify the moderating effect of ASTs on the relationship between hyperactive/inattentive traits and outcomes (i.e. conduct and emotional problems). RESULTS Hyperactive/inattentive traits were associated with higher rates of conduct and emotional problems for both boys and girls. The presence of ASTs moderated these relationships for boys, but not for girls, by increasing the risk of boys with hyperactive/inattentive traits developing greater conduct and emotional problems. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the importance of identifying hyperactive/inattentive traits and ASTs in young people and addressing the increased risk of conduct and emotional problems. Research and clinical implications are explored.
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Luo J, van Grieken A, Zhou S, Fang Y, Raat H. Stressful life events, psychosocial health and general health in preschool children before age 4. World J Pediatr 2023; 19:243-250. [PMID: 36385369 PMCID: PMC9974714 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-022-00639-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of stressful life events (SLEs) in early childhood is often ignored. We aimed to examine longitudinal associations between SLEs and psychosocial and general health in preschool children. METHODS Twelve SLEs occurring before the age of 24 months were assessed and categorized by frequency (no events, 1-2 SLEs, and > 2 SLEs) and overall tension (no events, low, and high) (n = 1431). Psychosocial and general health were measured three times at the age of 24, 36 and 45 months. The associations were examined by logistic regression models using generalized estimating equations to handle repeated measurements. RESULTS Half (48.4%) of the families experienced SLEs, and 23.8% perceived high-tension SLEs before the children were aged 24 months. Gender differences were observed in the association between SLEs and psychosocial health. Compared to girls without SLEs, girls who experienced > 2 SLEs [OR = 3.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.05-5.35] or high-tension SLEs (OR = 3.01, 95% CI 2.07-4.39) had higher odds of psychosocial problems from 24 to 45 months. The odds ratios in boys were 2.10 (95% CI 1.36-3.24) and 1.47 (95% CI 1.06-2.03), respectively. Moreover, only girls' risk of psychosocial problems increased after experiencing 1-2 SLEs (OR = 2.15, 95% CI 1.54-3.00) or low-tension SLEs (OR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.31-2.74). Regarding general health, children who experienced > 2 SLEs (OR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.21-3.18) and high-tension SLEs (OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.12-2.28) had higher odds of poor general health from 24 to 45 months. CONCLUSIONS The findings emphasized that young children's psychosocial and general health can be impacted by experiencing SLEs in early childhood. Attention and adequate support for families experiencing SLEs are needed to minimize the potential negative effect of SLEs on child health, particularly in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amy van Grieken
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hein Raat
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Resilience among Parents and Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Ment Illn 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/2925530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Resilience plays a pivotal role to offset stress among families of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although the majority of previous studies investigated resilience in parents, it is unclear what factors contribute to resilience in children. Thus, we aimed to explore resilience experienced by parents of children with ASD and how it affects children’s resilience. We invited 50 parents of a child with ASD, 13 years old or younger, across various Canadian provinces in an online survey. Parental resilience was positively associated with household income and negatively associated with parental stress. Resilience in children with ASD was positively associated with their social participation at home and community. Findings indicate a relationship between resilience in children with ASD and their participation, suggesting new ways to increase resilience in children with ASD by enhancing their participation.
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van Grieken A, Luo J, Horrevorts EMB, Mieloo CL, Kruizinga I, Bannink R, Raat H. The longitudinal association between potential stressful life events and the risk of psychosocial problems in 3-year-old children. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1100261. [PMID: 37026130 PMCID: PMC10070685 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1100261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Experiencing certain potentially stressful life events can impact psychosocial well-being among school-aged children and adolescents. This study aims to evaluate the association between life events occurring before age 2 and risk of psychosocial problems at 3 years of age. Methods All parents invited for the regular well-child visit when their child was 2 years of age by the preventive Youth Health Care in the Rotterdam-Rijnmond area, the Netherlands, were invited to participate in this study. In total 2,305 parents completed the baseline questionnaire at child age 2-years; 1,540 parents completed the questionnaire at child age 3-years. The baseline questionnaire included a life events assessment (12 items), and tension caused by the event (range 0-3). At child age 3-years the questionnaire included the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to assess risk of psychosocial problems. Logistic regression models were applied. Results In the current study 48.5% of families experienced ≥1 life event before child age 2 years. Divorce and problems in the relationship between the parents received the highest perceived severity score [respectively 2.1 (SD = 0.8) and 2.0 (SD = 0.7)]. Children experiencing ≥1 event before the age of 2 years were at higher risk of psychosocial problems at 3 years of age, compared to children that had experienced no life event (1-2 events OR = 1.50, 95%CI: 1.09; 2.06, and >2 events OR = 2.55, 95%CI 1.64; 4.00, respectively). When life events caused high perceived levels of tension, there was also an association with an increased risk of psychosocial problems at age 3-years (OR = 2.03, 95%CI 1.43; 2.88). Conclusions Approximately half of children in our study experienced a potential stressful life event before the age of 2 years. Results suggest an association between experiencing a life event and risk of psychosocial problems at child age 3-years. These findings emphasize the need for child health care professionals to pay attention to life events taking place in the life of young children in order to provide appropriate support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy van Grieken
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Amy van Grieken
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Cathelijne L. Mieloo
- Department of Transforming Youth Care, The Hague University of Applied Sciences, The Hague, Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Kruizinga
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rienke Bannink
- Center for Youth and Family Rijnmond, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hein Raat
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Hou CY, Rutherford R, Chang H, Chang FC, Shumei L, Chiu CH, Chen PH, Chiang JT, Miao NF, Chuang HY, Tseng CC. Children's mobile-gaming preferences, online risks, and mental health. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278290. [PMID: 36454977 PMCID: PMC9714941 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the relationships between children's mobile gaming preferences, online risks, and mental health. Data were obtained from a sample of 2,702 third and fourth grade students from 16 elementary schools in Taiwan and 9 schools in China. A self-administered questionnaire was used. The mental state of the children who participated in the study was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), while mobile gaming addiction was assessed using the short form of the Internet Gaming Disorders Scale (IGDS9-SF). The results showed that about 54% of children played mobile games with others (multi-player), while 31% played mobile games alone, and 15% did not play mobile games. Multiple logistic regression results indicated that behaviors such as participating in multi-player games, playing violent games, a poor parent-child relationship, and living in a rural area were associated with a greater risk of mobile gaming addiction. Involvement in multi-player games, playing violent games, mobile gaming addiction, and exposure to mobile violence/pornography were associated with greater risks of cyber aggression/victimization. Multiple regression results showed that being a multi-player, playing violent games, mobile gaming addiction, exposure to violence/pornography, exposure to cyber aggression/victimization, and having a poor parent-child relationship were associated with emotional and behavioral problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yin Hou
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ru Rutherford
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fong-Ching Chang
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Liu Shumei
- Department of Preschool Education, Jing Hengyi College of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chiung-Hui Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Information and Computer Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hung Chen
- The Graduate Institute of Mass Communication, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Tung Chiang
- Department of Statistics, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nae-Fang Miao
- Post-Baccalaureate Program in Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yi Chuang
- Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chie-Chien Tseng
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Muggli Z, Mertens T, Amado R, Teixeira AL, Vaz D, Pires M, Loureiro H, Fronteira I, Abecassis A, Silva AC, Martins MRO. Cohort profile: Health trajectories of Immigrant Children (CRIAS)-a prospective cohort study in the metropolitan area of Lisbon, Portugal. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061919. [PMID: 36283755 PMCID: PMC9608527 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The CRIAS (Health trajectories of Immigrant Children in Amadora) cohort study was created to explore whether children exposed to a migratory process experience different health risks over time, including physical health, cognitive, socioemotional and behavioural challenges and different healthcare utilisation patterns. PARTICIPANTS The original CRIAS was set up to include 604 children born in 2015, of whom 50% were immigrants, and their parents. Recruitment of 420 children took place between June 2019 and March 2020 at age 4/5 years, with follow-up carried out at age 5/6 years, at age 6/7 years currently under way. FINDINGS TO DATE Baseline data at age 4/5 years (2019-2020) suggested immigrant children to be more likely to belong to families with less income, compared with non-immigrant children. Being a first-generation immigrant child increased the odds of emotional and behavioural difficulties (adjusted OR 2.2; 95% CI: 1.06 to 4.76); more immigrant children required monitoring of items in the psychomotor development test (38.5% vs 28.3%). The prevalence of primary care utilisation was slightly higher among immigrant children (78.0% vs 73.8%), yet they received less health monitoring assessments for age 4 years. Utilisation of the hospital emergency department was higher among immigrants (53.2% vs 40.6%). Age 5 years follow-up (2020-2021) confirmed more immigrant children requiring monitoring of psychomotor development, compared with non-immigrant children (33.9% vs 21.6%). Economic inequalities exacerbated by post-COVID-19 pandemic confinement with parents of immigrant children 3.2 times more likely to have their household income decreased. FUTURE PLANS Further follow-up will take place at 8, 10, 12/13 and 15 years of age. Funds awarded by the National Science Foundation will allow 900 more children from four other Lisbon area municipalities to be included in the cohort (cohort-sequential design).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zélia Muggli
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (IHMT), NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Thierry Mertens
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (IHMT), NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Regina Amado
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (IHMT), NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Lúcia Teixeira
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Social Sciences (CICS.NOVA), Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities (NOVA FCSH), NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dora Vaz
- Amadora Primary Care Health Centres Group, Regional Health Administration of Lisbon and Tagus Valley, Ministry of Health, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Melanie Pires
- Amadora Primary Care Health Centres Group, Regional Health Administration of Lisbon and Tagus Valley, Ministry of Health, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Helena Loureiro
- Paediatrics Department, Hospital Professor Doutor Fernando da Fonseca, Amadora, Portugal
| | - Inês Fronteira
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (IHMT), NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Abecassis
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (IHMT), NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António Carlos Silva
- Public Health Department, Regional Health Administration of Lisbon and Tagus Valley, Ministry of Health, Lisbon, Portugal
- AJPAS-Associação de Intervenção Comunitária, Desenvolvimento Social e de Saúde, Amadora, Portugal
| | - Maria Rosário O Martins
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (IHMT), NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Theunissen MHC, de Wolff MS, Eekhout I, Mieloo CL, Stone LL, Reijneveld SA. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire Parent Form: Dutch norms and validity. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:202. [PMID: 35413892 PMCID: PMC9004049 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03274-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study provides Dutch national norms for the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for children aged 3-14 years, and assesses the test performance of the SDQ Total Difficulties Scale (TDS) and impairment Scale. We further compared Dutch SDQ norms with those of the United Kingdom (UK), to determine potential variation in country-specific norms. Study design We analyzed data of 3384 children aged 3 to 14 years. The data were obtained in schools, and in the context of Preventive Child Healthcare. Parents completed the SDQ parent form and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). We determined clinical (10% elevated scores) and borderline (20% elevated scores) SDQ TDS norms. We assessed the test performance (validity) of the SDQ TDS and Impairment Score using the CBCL as criterion. Results The clinical SDQ TDS norms varied between > 10 and > 14 depending on the age group. The SDQ TDS discriminated between children with and without problems, as measured by the CBCL, for all age groups (AUCs varied from 0.92 to 0.96). The SDQ Impairment Score had added value (beyond the SDQ TDS) only for the age group 12-14 years. For the Netherlands we found lower clinical SDQ TDS norms than those previously reported for the UK (i.e. > 16). Conclusion The clinical SDQ TDS norms varied between > 10 and > 14 depending on the age groups. We found good test performance at these proposed norms. Dutch norms differed somewhat from UK norms. In the Netherlands, the SDQ performed better with Dutch-specific norms than with UK-specific norms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Iris Eekhout
- TNO Child Health, P. O. Box 3005, Leiden, 2301 DA, the Netherlands
| | | | - Lisanne L Stone
- Karakter, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sijmen A Reijneveld
- TNO Child Health, P. O. Box 3005, Leiden, 2301 DA, the Netherlands.,Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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12
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Knowles G, Gayer‐Anderson C, Turner A, Dorn L, Lam J, Davis S, Blakey R, Lowis K, Pinfold V, Creary N, Dyer J, Hatch SL, Ploubidis G, Bhui K, Harding S, Morgan C. Covid-19, social restrictions, and mental distress among young people: a UK longitudinal, population-based study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 63:1392-1404. [PMID: 35199336 PMCID: PMC9114888 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a critical period for social and emotional development. We sought to examine the impacts of Covid-19 and related social restrictions and school closures on adolescent mental health, particularly among disadvantaged, marginalised, and vulnerable groups. METHODS We analysed four waves of data - 3 pre-Covid-19 (2016-2019) and 1 mid-Covid-19 (May-Aug 2020; n, 1074; 12-18 years old, >80% minority ethnic groups, 25% free school meals) from REACH (Resilience, Ethnicity, and AdolesCent Mental Health), an adolescent cohort based in inner-London, United Kingdom. Mental health was assessed using validated measures at each time point. We estimated temporal trends in mental distress and examined variations in changes in distress, pre- to mid-Covid-19, by social group, and by pre- and mid-pandemic risks. RESULTS We found no evidence of an overall increase in mental distress midpandemic (15.9%, 95% CI: 13.0, 19.4) compared with prepandemic (around 18%). However, there were variations in changes in mental distress by subgroups. There were modest variations by social group and by pre-Covid risks (e.g., a small increase in distress among girls (b [unstandardised beta coefficient] 0.42 [-0.19, 1.03]); a small decrease among boys (b - 0.59 [-1.37, 0.19]); p for interaction .007). The most notable variations were by midpandemic risks: that is, broadly, increases in distress among those reporting negative circumstances and impacts (e.g., in finances, housing, social support and relationships, and daily routines) and decreases in distress among those reporting positive impacts. CONCLUSIONS We found strong evidence that mental distress increased among young people who were most negatively impacted by Covid-19 and by related social restrictions during the first lockdown in the United Kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Knowles
- Health Service and Population Research DepartmentInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK,ESRC Centre for Society and Mental HealthKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - Charlotte Gayer‐Anderson
- Health Service and Population Research DepartmentInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK,ESRC Centre for Society and Mental HealthKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - Alice Turner
- Health Service and Population Research DepartmentInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK,ESRC Centre for Society and Mental HealthKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - Lynsey Dorn
- Health Service and Population Research DepartmentInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK,ESRC Centre for Society and Mental HealthKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - Joseph Lam
- Health Service and Population Research DepartmentInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK,ESRC Centre for Society and Mental HealthKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - Samantha Davis
- Health Service and Population Research DepartmentInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK,ESRC Centre for Society and Mental HealthKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - Rachel Blakey
- Health Service and Population Research DepartmentInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK,ESRC Centre for Society and Mental HealthKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - Katie Lowis
- ESRC Centre for Society and Mental HealthKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Stephani L. Hatch
- ESRC Centre for Society and Mental HealthKing’s College LondonLondonUK,Psychological MedicineInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - George Ploubidis
- Centre for Longitudinal StudiesUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Seeromanie Harding
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Life Course SciencesFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - Craig Morgan
- Health Service and Population Research DepartmentInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK,ESRC Centre for Society and Mental HealthKing’s College LondonLondonUK
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13
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Fuller A, Siddiqi A, Shahidi FV, Anderson LN, Hildebrand V, Keown-Stoneman CDG, Maguire JL, Birken C. Understanding income-related differences in distribution of child growth, behaviour and development using a cross-sectional sample of a clinical cohort study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e056991. [PMID: 35168982 PMCID: PMC8852748 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Children from low-income households are at an increased risk of social, behavioural and physical health problems. Prior studies have generally relied on dichotomous outcome measures. However, inequities may exist along the range of outcome distribution. Our objective was to examine differences in distribution of three child health outcomes by income categories (high vs low): body mass index (BMI), behaviour difficulties and development. DESIGN AND SETTING This was a cross-sectional study using data from a primary care-based research network with sites in three Canadian cities, and 15 practices enrolling participants. PARTICIPANTS, INDEPENDENT VARIABLE AND OUTCOMES The independent variable was annual household income, dichotomised at the median income for Toronto (<$C80 000 or ≥$C80 000). Outcomes were: (1) growth (BMI z-score (zBMI) at 5 years, 1628 participants); (2) behaviour (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) at 3-5 years, 649 participants); (3) development (Infant Toddler Checklist (ITC) at 18 months, 1405 participants). We used distributional decomposition to compare distributions of these outcomes for each income group, and then to construct a counterfactual distribution that describes the hypothetical distribution of the low-income group with the predictor profile of the higher-income group. RESULTS We included data from 1628 (zBMI), 649 (SDQ) and 1405 (ITC) children. Children with lower family income had a higher risk distribution for all outcomes. For all outcomes, thecounterfactual distribution, which represented the distribution of children with lower-income who were assigned the predictor profile of the higher-income group, was more favourable than their observed distributions. CONCLUSION Comparing the distributions of child health outcomes and understanding different risk profiles for children from higher-income and lower-income groups can offer a deeper understanding of inequities in child health outcomes. These methods may offer an approach that can be implemented in larger datasets to inform future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Fuller
- Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arjumand Siddiqi
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Faraz V Shahidi
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura N Anderson
- Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vincent Hildebrand
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Economics, York University - Glendon Campus, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles D G Keown-Stoneman
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathon L Maguire
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Paediatrics, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine Birken
- Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Stolte M, Oranje B, Van Luit JEH, Kroesbergen EH. Prepulse Inhibition and P50 Suppression in Relation to Creativity and Attention: Dispersed Attention Beneficial to Quantitative but Not Qualitative Measures of Divergent Thinking. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:875398. [PMID: 35757214 PMCID: PMC9218263 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.875398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated whether lower sensory and sensorimotor gating were related to higher levels of creativity and/or attentional difficulties in a natural population of primary school children (9- to 13-year-old). Gating abilities were measured with P50 suppression and prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex (PPI). The final sample included 65 participants in the P50 analyses and 37 participants in the PPI analyses. Our results showed that children with a high P50 amplitude to testing stimuli scored significantly higher on the divergent outcome measures of fluency and flexibility but not originality compared to children with a lower amplitude. No significant differences were found on any of the creativity measures when the sample was split on average PPI parameters. No significant differences in attention, as measured with a parent questionnaire, were found between children with low or high levels of sensory or sensorimotor gating. The data suggest that quantitative, but not qualitative measures of divergent thinking benefit from lower psychophysiological gating and that attentional difficulties stem from specific instead of general gating deficits. Future studies should take the effect of controlled attention into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marije Stolte
- Department of Orthopedagogics: Cognitive and Motor Disabilities, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Bob Oranje
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Johannes E H Van Luit
- Department of Orthopedagogics: Cognitive and Motor Disabilities, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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15
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Wang R, Van den Heuvel M, Rickard M, El-Bardisi Y, Mistry N, Koyle M, Farhat W, Santos JD. Neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in pediatric bladder and bowel dysfunction. J Pediatr Urol 2021; 17:450.e1-450.e6. [PMID: 33947637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder and bowel dysfunction (BBD) is a common pediatric problem that describes a constellation of lower urinary tract symptoms associated with constipation and/or encopresis. Its association with neurodevelopmental and psychiatric (NDP) problems is not well understood. OBJECTIVES Our primary aim was to identify pre-existing NDP disorders in children with BBD. Secondarily, we aimed to screen for new behavioral problems and evaluate the association between bladder or bowel symptoms and behaviors symptoms. METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted in urology clinics. New patients referred for BBD between 4 and 17 years old were recruited and completed: a demographics survey, Dysfunctional Voiding Score System questionnaire, assessment of bowel movements with the Bristol Stool Scale, and Strength and Difficulties questionnaire (SDQ). Those with known spinal dysraphism were excluded. SDQ scores were evaluated for abnormal screens in different subscales and total difficulties scores. Pearson correlation analyses were conducted for association. RESULTS We included 61 participants (age 9.5 ± 4.1 years), including 33 females and 28 males. One or more pre-existing NDP disorder(s) was reported in 14 (23%) children; most commonly being learning disability (43%) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (29%). This cohort had more severe BBD symptoms as reflected in DVSS scores. SDQ scores demonstrated that 12 patients without pre-existing NDP diagnoses scored in the clinical range, with hyperactivity as the most common difficulty (6/12; 50%). CONCLUSIONS A significant proportion of children with BBD have a comorbid NDP disorder and present with more severe symptomatology. The SDQ can be used as a behavioral screening tool this population for the identification of children who may benefit from formal developmental pediatrics assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Art & Science, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meta Van den Heuvel
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mandy Rickard
- Division of Urology, Hospital for Sick Children and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yara El-Bardisi
- Faculty of Art & Science, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Niraj Mistry
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Koyle
- Division of Urology, Hospital for Sick Children and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Walid Farhat
- Division of Pediatric Urology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Joana Dos Santos
- Division of Urology, Hospital for Sick Children and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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16
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Catanzano M, Bennett SD, Tibber MS, Coughtrey AE, Liang H, Heyman I, Shafran R. A Mental Health Drop-In Centre Offering Brief Transdiagnostic Psychological Assessment and Treatment in a Paediatric Hospital Setting: A One-Year Descriptive Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105369. [PMID: 34069973 PMCID: PMC8157880 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study was part of a broader project to examine the acceptability, feasibility and impact of a transdiagnostic mental health drop-in centre offering brief psychological assessment and treatment for children and young people and/or their families with mental health needs in the context of long-term physical health conditions (LTCs). The aims of this investigation were to characterise: (i) the use of such a centre, (ii) the demographics and symptoms of those presenting to the centre, and (iii) the types of support that are requested and/or indicated. METHODS A mental health "booth" was located in reception of a national paediatric hospital over one year. Characteristics of young people with LTCs and their siblings/parents attending the booth were defined. Emotional/behavioural symptoms were measured using standardised questionnaires including the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Participants subsequently received one of four categories of intervention: brief transdiagnostic cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), referral to other services, neurodevelopmental assessment or signposting to resources. RESULTS One hundred and twenty-eight participants were recruited. The mean age of young people was 9.14 years (standard deviation: 4.28); 61% identified as white and 45% were male. Over half of young people recruited scored in the clinical range with respect to the SDQ. Presenting problems included: anxiety (49%), challenging behaviour (35%), low mood (22%) and other (15%). CONCLUSIONS A considerable proportion of young people with LTC in a paediatric hospital scored in the clinical range for common mental health problems, indicating a potential for psychological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Catanzano
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK; (S.D.B.); (A.E.C.); (H.L.); (I.H.); (T.L.P.T.); (R.S.)
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)20-7405-9200
| | - Sophie D Bennett
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK; (S.D.B.); (A.E.C.); (H.L.); (I.H.); (T.L.P.T.); (R.S.)
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Marc S Tibber
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
| | - Anna E Coughtrey
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK; (S.D.B.); (A.E.C.); (H.L.); (I.H.); (T.L.P.T.); (R.S.)
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Holan Liang
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK; (S.D.B.); (A.E.C.); (H.L.); (I.H.); (T.L.P.T.); (R.S.)
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Isobel Heyman
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK; (S.D.B.); (A.E.C.); (H.L.); (I.H.); (T.L.P.T.); (R.S.)
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - The Lucy Project Team
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK; (S.D.B.); (A.E.C.); (H.L.); (I.H.); (T.L.P.T.); (R.S.)
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Roz Shafran
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK; (S.D.B.); (A.E.C.); (H.L.); (I.H.); (T.L.P.T.); (R.S.)
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
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Sokolovic N, Grujic S, Pajic S. Evaluation of the Support, not Perfection Parenting Program in Serbia. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/17405629.2021.1911800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Sokolovic
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Sofija Pajic
- Amsterdam Business School, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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18
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Farkas C, Girard LC, MacBeth A. Predictors of emotional problems in 5-year-old children: an international comparison between two cohorts in Chile and Scotland. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-01336-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Tollenaar MS, Beijers R, Garg E, Nguyen TTT, Lin DTS, MacIsaac JL, Shalev I, Kobor MS, Meaney MJ, O'Donnell KJ, de Weerth C. Internalizing symptoms associate with the pace of epigenetic aging in childhood. Biol Psychol 2021; 159:108021. [PMID: 33460784 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Childhood psychiatric symptoms may be associated with advanced biological aging. This study examined whether epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) associates with internalizing and externalizing symptoms that were prospectively collected across childhood in a longitudinal cohort study. At age 6 buccal epithelial cells from 148 children (69 girls) were collected to survey genome-wide DNA methylation. EAA was estimated using the Horvath clock. Internalizing symptoms at ages 2.5 and 4 years significantly predicted higher EAA at age 6, which in turn was significantly associated with internalizing symptoms at ages 6-10 years. Similar trends for externalizing symptoms did not reach statistical significance. These findings indicate advanced biological aging in relation to child mental health and may help better identify those at risk for lasting impairments associated with internalizing disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roseriet Beijers
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, the Netherlands; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Elika Garg
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, QC, Canada
| | - T T Thao Nguyen
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, QC, Canada
| | - David T S Lin
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Julia L MacIsaac
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Idan Shalev
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, PA, USA
| | - Michael S Kobor
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada; Sackler Program for Epigenetics and Neurobiology, McGill University, QC, Canada
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, QC, Canada; Sackler Program for Epigenetics and Neurobiology, McGill University, QC, Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Child and Brain Development Program, Canada; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore
| | - Kieran J O'Donnell
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, QC, Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Child and Brain Development Program, Canada; Yale Child Study Center & Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, USA
| | - Carolina de Weerth
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, the Netherlands
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Muggli Z, Mertens T, -Sá S, Amado R, Teixeira AL, Vaz D, O. Martins MR. Migration as a Determinant in the Development of Children Emotional and Behavior Problems: A Quantitative Study for Lisbon Region, Portugal. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020375. [PMID: 33418982 PMCID: PMC7825293 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The role of migration as a determinant in child mental health has been demonstrated in a number of studies. However, results are not always consistent, and the research continues to be scarce, especially in Portugal. We examined the association between sociodemographic profiles and the chance for the development of emotional and behavioral difficulties in a group of 420 children, immigrant (n = 217) and born in Portugal to Portuguese born parents (n = 203). We used a structured questionnaire to obtain sociodemographic information and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Descriptive statistics were used to characterize children and their families; variables were compared between groups using the Chi-squared, Fisher’s Exact Test, or the Mann–Whitney U test and logistic regression was used to analyze the association between socio-demographic factors and emotional and behavioral difficulties. Results showed a pattern of social and mental health inequalities with immigrant children at a disadvantage: they are more often part of families with low income and where parents had low skilled jobs. Internalizing behaviors are more frequent in immigrants than in children born in Portugal to Portuguese-born parents (p = 0.001) whereas a high total SDQ difficulties score (p = 0.039) and externalizing behaviors were more frequent in 1st generation immigrant children (p = 0.009). A low family income (aOR 4.5; 95% CI: 1.43–13.95), low parental education level (aOR 2.5; 95% CI: 1.11–5.16), and being a first-generation immigrant child (aOR 2.2; 95% CI: 1.06–4.76) increased significantly the chance of developing emotional and behavioral difficulties. This study contributes to the identification of children vulnerable to mental health problems who can benefit from monitoring, early detection and preventive interventions in order to mitigate possible negative outcomes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zélia Muggli
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, NOVA University of Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal; (Z.M.); (T.M.); (S.-S.); (R.A.)
| | - Thierry Mertens
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, NOVA University of Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal; (Z.M.); (T.M.); (S.-S.); (R.A.)
| | - Silva -Sá
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, NOVA University of Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal; (Z.M.); (T.M.); (S.-S.); (R.A.)
| | - Regina Amado
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, NOVA University of Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal; (Z.M.); (T.M.); (S.-S.); (R.A.)
| | - Ana L. Teixeira
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Social Sciences (CICS.NOVA), Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities (NOVA FCSH), 1070-312 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Dora Vaz
- Amadora Primary Care Health Centers Group, Regional Health Administration of Lisbon and Tagus Valley, 2700-856 Amadora, Portugal;
| | - Maria Rosário O. Martins
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, NOVA University of Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal; (Z.M.); (T.M.); (S.-S.); (R.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Bergström M, Baviskar S. A Systematic Review of Some Reliability and Validity Issues regarding the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire Focusing on Its Use in Out-of-Home Care. JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE-BASED SOCIAL WORK (2019) 2021; 18:1-31. [PMID: 32684105 DOI: 10.1080/26408066.2020.1788477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A systematic review was conducted to analyze the inter-rater reliability, cross-informant consistency, test-retest reliability, and temporal stability of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and its ability to discriminate. METHOD We searched three databases for articles about the SDQ (parent, teacher, and self-report version), used samples of children up to age 18 and reported inter-rater reliability, cross-informant reliability, test-retest reliability, temporal stability, specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). RESULTS Focusing on the TDS, inter-rater, and cross-informant reliability showed acceptable values, but respondent types (e.g., mothers and fathers) are not interchangeable. Test-retest reliability and temporal stability were also acceptable, and not excessively high. Specificity and NPV were acceptable but not sensitivity and PPV. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Greater transparency is needed about who the respondent is when the term "parents" is used. The SDQ is an important supplement to service-as-usual assessments by social care professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bergström
- NUBU - National Research Center for Children and Youth at High Risk, Denmark and School of Social Work, Lund University , Lund, Sweden
| | - Siddhartha Baviskar
- NUBU - National Research Center for Children and Youth at High Risk and University College Copenhagen , Denmark
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Fischmann T, Asseburg LK, Green J, Hug F, Neubert V, Wan M, Leuzinger-Bohleber M. Can Psychodynamically Oriented Early Prevention for "Children-at-Risk" in Urban Areas With High Social Problem Density Strengthen Their Developmental Potential? A Cluster Randomized Trial of Two Kindergarten-Based Prevention Programs. Front Psychol 2020; 11:599477. [PMID: 33362662 PMCID: PMC7759147 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.599477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Children who live on the margins of society are disadvantaged in achieving their developmental potential because of the lack of a necessary stable environment and nurturing care. Many early prevention programs aim at mitigating such effects, but often the evaluation of their long-term effect is missing. The aim of the study presented here was to evaluate such long-term effects in two prevention programs for children-at-risk growing up in deprived social environments focusing on child attachment representation as the primary outcome as well as on self-reflective capacities of teachers taking care of these children. The latter was a key component for promoting resilient behavior in children. Five hundred and twenty-six children aged 36 to 60 months at risk due to immigration status, low family socio-economic status and child behavior were examined in a cluster-randomized study comparing two preventions, the psychodynamic, attachment-based holistic approach EARLY STEPS (ES) with the classroom based FAUSTLOS (FA) for their efficacy. Primary outcome was the child attachment representation measured by the Manchester Child Attachment Story Task (MCAST). Secondary outcomes were derived from (a) the Caregiver-Teacher Report Form (C-TRF: problem behaviors, including anxiety/depressive symptoms, emotional-reactive and somatic problems, social withdrawal, aggressive behavior, and attention deficit), from (b) the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ, parent version: resilience and wellbeing) and (c) Self-Reflective Scales for teachers (SRS: self-reflective capacities of teachers). Compared to baseline, attachment and behavioral problems improved in both programs. ES led to more secure and more organized attachment representations (medium effect sizes). Aggressive behavior and externalizing problems were reduced in the FA group compared with ES, particularly in boys (medium effect sizes). Self-reflective capacities of the teachers increased only in the ES group. High correlation between children's attachment type with the number of social risk factors and the increase of problematic social behavior strongly indicate that an increase in teachers' self-reflective capacities helps to change children's attachment patterns which thus strengthens the resilience of these children-at-risk [An ethical vote from LPPKJP 2009-02-25 was obtained and the trial registered; Clinical trial registration information: The trial was registered 14.02.2012 (DRKS00003500; https://www.drks.de)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Fischmann
- International Psychoanalytic University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Sigmund-Freud-Institut, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Jonathan Green
- The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Ming Wan
- The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Marianne Leuzinger-Bohleber
- Sigmund-Freud-Institut, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,University Medicine Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
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23
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Graybill E, Roach A, Barger B. Factor Structure of the Self-Report Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire in a Diverse U.S. Sample. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-020-09833-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Cianchetti C. Early Detection of Behavioral and Emotional Problems in School-Aged Children and Adolescents: The Parent Questionnaires. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2020; 16:7-16. [PMID: 32508965 PMCID: PMC7254825 DOI: 10.2174/1745017902016010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Early detection of behavioral and emotional problems in children and adolescents is relevant. For this purpose, the use of questionnaires completed by parents is applicable. Parent questionnaires are also useful preliminary support to the clinical investigation. Methods: Validated tools for the analysis of behavioral and emotional problems suitable for school-age subjects are analyzed in their characteristics and possibilities of use. Results: The following are the main characteristics of the instruments examined. The Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory 4&5, Parent Checklist (CASI-4&5) and Behavior Assessment System For Children - Parent Rating Scales 2&3 (BASC-2&3) include a high number of questions, with exploration extended to almost all possible pathologies. The Child Behavior Check-List (CBCL) has less items (113), but only 48 refer to DSM pathologies. The use of CASI, BASC and CBCL carries a cost because they are copyrighted. The Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC) has 35 items, but only 17 have a reference to 3 clinical areas. The Strength & Difficulties Questionnaire (SDA) is very short (25 items) and concerns only the main externalizing and internalizing disorders. The Child and Adolescent Behavior Inventory (CABI) has 75 items and explores a wide range of psycho-pathological issues, likewise CASI and BASC. PSC, SDA and CABI can be used free of charge. Conclusion: The comparison of the characteristics of the aforementioned questionnaires can guide the psychiatrist and the epidemiologist in choosing the most suitable tool for what is proposed to be assessed, in relation to practicability, extension of the areas explored and costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Cianchetti
- Department of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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25
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Jonsson KR, Busfield J, Södergren M, Karen M, Adjei NK. Social Capital, Deprivation and Psychological Well-Being among Young Adolescents: A Multilevel Study from England and Wales. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3420. [PMID: 32422976 PMCID: PMC7277447 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Examining the mechanisms influencing mental health and life satisfaction simultaneously allows for a better understanding of adolescents psychological well-being. Six indicators of neighbourhood social capital (NSC), neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation (SecD) and their association with psychological well-being among young adolescents aged 10-15 from England and Wales were investigated. Using a random sample of 5201 adolescents (7253 observations) from the UK Household Longitudinal Study merged to aggregated local area census measures, we fitted a series of multilevel models. The findings showed that not being worried about crime and friendship networks mitigated the negative effects of deprivation on adolescent's psychological well-being. These findings suggest that some forms of NSC may have a buffering and protective function, with the strongest effects in deprived neighbourhoods. We further found that psychological well-being of adolescents is dependent on both individual vulnerabilities and neighbourhood context. However caution is required if, and when public health policies are formulated to address this issue, given significant variations (27-36%) in the inter- and intra-individual psychological well-being were found among this group over time. Thus, policies designed to improve psychological well-being among adolescents should take into account the role of social processes in transmitting deprivation's effects, as well as the various forms of social capital.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joan Busfield
- Department of Sociology, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK;
| | - Marita Södergren
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels alle 23, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden;
| | - Miia Karen
- Unaffiliated Researcher, 16847 Broma, Sweden;
| | - Nicholas Kofi Adjei
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research & Epidemiology-BIPS, Achterstrasse 30, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Bibliothekstrasse 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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26
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Iwata N, Kumagai R, Saeki I. Do Mothers and Fathers Assess their Children's Behavioral Problems in the Same Way as do their Children? An IRT Investigation on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. JAPANESE PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jpr.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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27
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Liang L, Yang J, Yao S. Measurement equivalence of the SDQ in Chinese Adolescents: A horizontal and longitudinal perspective. J Affect Disord 2019; 257:439-444. [PMID: 31306994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is commonly used in research and clinical settings as a tool for the measurement of mental well-being. The current study evaluated the best-fit factor structure model of the Chinese version of the SDQ (SDQ-C) among Chinese adolescents and evaluated the measurement invariance of the SDQ-C across gender, age and time. METHODS Participants included 1,134 adolescents from Hunan Province and Hainan Province in China. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to determine the structure of the SDQ-C on a large scale. Multigroup CFA(N = 1102, 48.5% male, 51.5% female, mean age = 16.2) were utilized to test the measurement invariance of the five subscales included in the SDQ-C, across gender, age and time. RESULTS The SDQ-C exhibited strong internal consistency (overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.927) and moderate test-retest reliability (Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.719, over a 6-month interval). The CFA showed a valid five-factor model. Measurement invariance of the model across gender was fully supported. However, measurement invariance across age and time was limited. LIMITATIONS The participants were from Hunan Province and Hainan Province. It may be necessary to expand the sampled population to better represent the Chinese population. CONCLUSIONS Measurement equivalence of the SDQ-C across gender was established. Measurement equivalence across age and time was moderate. These findings suggest that the use of the SDQ-C in comparing samples across gender is valid but measurement across age and time may be limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Liang
- Department of Psychology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Psychology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Shuqiao Yao
- Medical Psychological Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
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28
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Fält E, Wallby T, Sarkadi A, Salari R, Fabian H. Agreement between mothers', fathers', and teachers' ratings of behavioural and emotional problems in 3-5-year-old children. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206752. [PMID: 30383861 PMCID: PMC6211744 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), a valid and reliable instrument for measuring children's mental health, is available in parent- and teacher versions, making it an ideal tool for assessing behavioural and emotional problems in young children. However, few studies have evaluated inter-parent agreement on the SDQ, and in most studies on SDQ agreement, parent scores are either provided by only one parent or have been combined into one parent score. Furthermore, studies on SDQ inter-rater agreement usually only reflect degree of correlation, leaving the agreement between measurements unknown. The aim of the present study was therefore to examine both degree of correlation and agreement between parent and teacher SDQ reports, in a community sample of preschool-aged children in Sweden. METHODS Data were obtained from the Children and Parents in Focus trial. The sample comprised 4,469 children 3-5-years-old. Mothers, fathers and preschool teachers completed the SDQ as part of the routine health check-ups at Child Health Centres. Inter-rater agreement was measured using Pearson correlation coefficient and intraclass correlation (ICC). RESULTS Results revealed poor/fair agreement between parent and teacher ratings (ICC 0.25-0.54) and good/excellent agreement between mother and father ratings (ICC 0.66-0.76). The highest level of agreement between parents and teachers was found for the hyperactivity and peer problem subscales, whereas the strongest agreement between parents was found for the hyperactivity and conduct subscales. CONCLUSIONS Low inter-rater agreement between parent and teacher ratings suggests that information from both teachers and parents is important when using the SDQ as a method to identify mental health problems in preschool children. Although mothers and fathers each provide unique information about their child's behaviour, good inter-parent agreement indicates that a single parent informant may be sufficient and simplify data collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Fält
- Child Health and Parenting (CHAP), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thomas Wallby
- Research Enhancing Adolescent and Child Health (REACH), Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Sarkadi
- Child Health and Parenting (CHAP), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Raziye Salari
- Child Health and Parenting (CHAP), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helena Fabian
- Child Health and Parenting (CHAP), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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29
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Atoum M, Alhussami M, Rayan A. Emotional and behavioral problems among Jordanian adolescents: Prevalence and associations with academic achievement. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2018; 31:70-78. [PMID: 30298603 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health concerns are important for adolescent's general wellbeing and they can be associated with their ability to function effectively in various aspects of their daily life. AIM The purpose of this study was to identify emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) among Jordanian adolescents and their association with academic outcomes. METHODS A descriptive correlational design was used. A total of 810 adolescents participated in the study and completed the demographic survey and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The grade point average (GPA) was used as an indicator of the academic achievement. The GPA was correlated with the SDQ scores to identify the relationship between the EBD and academic achievement. RESULTS About 11.7% of the participants had psychological and behavioral problems. The most commonly reported problems were emotional symptoms (14.2%), conduct problems (12.5%), and hyperactivity (7.5%). There was a significant difference in psychological and behavioral problems according to the participants' gender. There was a significant negative relationship between the SDQ scores and the GPA. CONCLUSION There is a need to identify adolescents at risk of emotional and behavioral difficulties and refer them to appropriate care and support, which in turn would improve their academic achievement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysoun Atoum
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarga, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud Alhussami
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Rayan
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
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30
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Gomez R, Stavropoulos V. Malaysian Parent Ratings of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance Across Language Versions, Gender, Informants, and Race. Assessment 2018; 27:1971-1984. [PMID: 30003809 DOI: 10.1177/1073191118787284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
For a Malaysian sample, the current study used exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to determine the best model for parent ratings of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and then multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis (MCFA) to confirm this model, and to examine measurement invariance across different language versions (Malay and English), child's gender (boys and girls), informants (mothers and fathers), and racial groups (Malay, Chinese, and Indians). In all 1,407 Malaysian parents completed SDQ ratings of their children (age ranging from 5 to 13 years). The EFA showed most support for a two-factor model oblique model, with factors for a positive construal factor and a psychopathology factor. CFA confirmed this model, and MCFA showed full measurement invariance (configural, metric. and scalar) across the groups in the different comparisons. For all comparisons, there were equivalencies for latent mean scores. The implications of the findings for clinical and research practice involving the SDQ in Malaysia are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rapson Gomez
- Cairnmillar Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vasileios Stavropoulos
- Cairnmillar Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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31
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de Laat SAA, Huizink AC, Hof MH, Vrijkotte TGM. Socioeconomic inequalities in psychosocial problems of children: mediating role of maternal depressive symptoms. Eur J Public Health 2018; 28:1062-1068. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sanne A A de Laat
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department Youth Health Care, GGD Hart voor Brabant, ‘s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Anja C Huizink
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- & Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel H Hof
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja G M Vrijkotte
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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32
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Maurice-Stam H, Haverman L, Splinter A, van Oers HA, Schepers SA, Grootenhuis MA. Dutch norms for the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) - parent form for children aged 2-18 years. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2018; 16:123. [PMID: 29898729 PMCID: PMC6001045 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-018-0948-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of children at risk for psychosocial problems is important to be able to provide supportive and tailored care at an early stage. Due to its brevity and wide age range, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) Parent Form is an appropriate instrument for use in paediatric clinical practice as it facilitates assessment of psychosocial functioning from young childhood into adulthood. The aim of the present study was to provide Dutch normative data for the SDQ Parent Form. Methods A sample of 1947 parents with children aged 2–18 years was drawn from a large panel of a Dutch research agency, stratified on Dutch key demographics of the parents. The SDQ Parent Form assesses the child’s Emotional symptoms, Conduct problems, Hyperactivity-Inattention, Peer problems and Prosocial behaviour. Summary scores can be calculated: Internalising, Externalising and Total difficulties. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient) and normative scores (mean, median, clinical cut-off scores) of the SDQ- Parent Form were calculated in four age-groups 2–3, 4–5, 6–11 and 12–18 years. Gender differences were tested with independent t-tests. Results A total of 1174 parents (60.3%) completed the SDQ. In the age-groups 2–3 and 4–5, norm scores are not available for Conduct problems and Peer problems due to insufficient internal consistency. In addition, in age-group 2–3, norm scores for Emotional symptoms and Internalising are not available because of insufficient internal consistency. In the age-groups 6–11 and 12–18, norm scores are available for all scales, with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients 0.53–0.86. The comparison by gender revealed that boys had more behavioural problems than girls (0.000 < p < 0.048), most prevalent for Hyperactivity-Inattention, Peer Problems, Prosocial behaviour, Externalising and Total Difficulties. Conclusions Dutch normative data by age-group and gender are now available for parent-reported SDQ scores in children aged 2–18 years. Due to insufficient internal consistency, normative scores for 2–5 year-old children could not be presented for several SDQ scales. Yet, the SDQ Total score provides a reliable indication of the psychosocial functioning of younger children. In case of high Total scores in children younger than 6 years, alternatively to scale scores, the answers on the individual items could yield useful clinical information about the child’s problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Maurice-Stam
- Psychosocial Department, Paediatrics, Academic Medical Center/Emma Children's Hospital, G8-142, Postbox 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - L Haverman
- Psychosocial Department, Paediatrics, Academic Medical Center/Emma Children's Hospital, G8-142, Postbox 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Splinter
- Psychosocial Department, Paediatrics, Academic Medical Center/Emma Children's Hospital, G8-142, Postbox 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H A van Oers
- Psychosocial Department, Paediatrics, Academic Medical Center/Emma Children's Hospital, G8-142, Postbox 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S A Schepers
- Psychosocial Department, Paediatrics, Academic Medical Center/Emma Children's Hospital, G8-142, Postbox 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M A Grootenhuis
- Psychosocial Department, Paediatrics, Academic Medical Center/Emma Children's Hospital, G8-142, Postbox 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Paediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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33
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Kersten P, Vandal AC, Elder H, McPherson KM. Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: internal validity and reliability for New Zealand preschoolers. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e021551. [PMID: 29680813 PMCID: PMC5914702 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This observational study examines the internal construct validity, internal consistency and cross-informant reliability of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in a New Zealand preschool population across four ethnicity strata (New Zealand European, Māori, Pasifika, Asian). DESIGN Rasch analysis was employed to examine internal validity on a subsample of 1000 children. Internal consistency (n=29 075) and cross-informant reliability (n=17 006) were examined using correlations, intraclass correlation coefficients and Cronbach's alpha on the sample available for such analyses. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Data were used from a national SDQ database provided by the funder, pertaining to New Zealand domiciled children aged 4 and 5 and scored by their parents and teachers. RESULTS The five subscales do not fit the Rasch model (as indicated by the overall fit statistics), contain items that are biased (differential item functioning (DIF)) by key variables, suffer from a floor and ceiling effect and have unacceptable internal consistency. After dealing with DIF, the Total Difficulty scale does fit the Rasch model and has good internal consistency. Parent/teacher inter-rater reliability was unacceptably low for all subscales. CONCLUSION The five SDQ subscales are not valid and not suitable for use in their own right in New Zealand. We have provided a conversion table for the Total Difficulty scale, which takes account of bias by ethnic group. Clinicians should use this conversion table in order to reconcile DIF by culture in final scores. It is advisable to use both parents and teachers' feedback when considering children's needs for referral of further assessment. Future work should examine whether validity is impacted by different language versions used in the same country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Kersten
- School of Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Alain C Vandal
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
- Health Intelligence and Informatics, Ko Awatea, Counties Manukau District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hinemoa Elder
- School of Graduate Studies, Te Whare Wānanga o Awanuiārangi, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kathryn M McPherson
- Health Research Council of New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Person Centred Research, School of Clinical Sciences, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
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Zwi K, Mares S, Nathanson D, Tay AK, Silove D. The impact of detention on the social-emotional wellbeing of children seeking asylum: a comparison with community-based children. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2018; 27:411-422. [PMID: 29177563 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-017-1082-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating literature demonstrates that immigration detention is harmful to children. However, there is a scarcity of scientifically rigorous and reliable data about the health of children held in detention facilities. The aim of the study was to compare a community-based population of recently arrived refugee children flown into Australia, not detained, resettled in a non-urban area, with a population of children who arrived by boat seeking asylum, detained since arrival. The parent-version of the strength and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) of children aged 4-15 years was compared in children living in the community with those held in detention. We compared 86 children who had a parent-completed SDQ performed, 38 (44%) in the community group and 48 (56%) in the detention group. The community sample had been living in Australia for 325 days, with no time in detention. The detention sample had been living in detention for a mean of 221 days. The mean age was similar for the community and detention sample at 8.4 years (P = 0.18). In the total sample, children in the detention group had significantly higher SDQ total difficulties scores than children in the community group (P < 0.0001). There was no difference between age groups (P = 0.82). The children in the detention group had, on average, an SDQ total difficulties score that was 12 points higher than children in the community group. Four of the five SDQ subscale scores indicated greater disturbance amongst children in detention (< 0.0001) compared to children living in the community. The detention group had significantly higher scores (P < 0.001) for all except Pro-social scores as compared to Australian norms for the 4-6 and 7-15 years age group. This study presents a rare opportunity to compare the wellbeing of displaced children who were detained following arrival in Australia with those settled in the Australian community since arrival. The community children's scores approximated data from the general Australian childhood population. Children held in detention had significantly more social, emotional and behavioural difficulties than children living in the community, and at levels resembling a clinical cohort. Despite the small sample size, data restrictions and other limitations of the data, statistical significance in differences between the community and detention children is marked and arguably demonstrates the negative impact of post-arrival detention in children who are presumed to have similar levels of pre-arrival adversity. If the objective is to optimise the health and wellbeing of children seeking asylum, removal of post-arrival detention is one of the most powerful interventions available to host countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Zwi
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. .,Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, High Street, Randwick, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Sarah Mares
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia
| | - Dania Nathanson
- Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, High Street, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alvin Kuowei Tay
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Psychiatry Research and Teaching Unit, Ingham Applied Medical Institute, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, Australia
| | - Derrick Silove
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Psychiatry Research and Teaching Unit, South West Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
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Stolk Y, Kaplan I, Szwarc J. Review of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire translated into languages spoken by children and adolescents of refugee background. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2017; 26:e1568. [PMID: 28449279 PMCID: PMC6877132 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), routinely used to screen for children's and adolescents' emotional and behavioural problems, has been translated into at least 80 languages. As children of refugee background are particularly vulnerable to mental health problems resulting from their refugee experiences, this review examines whether SDQs translated into languages spoken by major refugee groups are validated and culturally equivalent to the original SDQ and sensitive to change following interventions. No reviewed studies of translated SDQs reported on challenges in achieving conceptual and linguistic equivalence in translation. Factor analysis predominantly showed structural inequivalence with the original 5-factor model, suggesting translated SDQ subscales may measure different constructs. Predictive equivalence findings tended to show somewhat higher sensitivity for detecting disorder than the original SDQ's low sensitivity, and somewhat lower specificity. Outcome studies yielded equivocal results with refugee and immigrant groups. SDQ items do not detect the psychological sequelae of trauma; hence it is recommended that the SDQ be used with caution to screen refugee children, with a follow-up clinical interview for verification. Cross-cultural qualitative research is needed into parents' and adolescents' interpretation of translated SDQ items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Stolk
- Victorian Foundation for Survivors of TortureBrunswickVictoriaAustralia
| | - Ida Kaplan
- Victorian Foundation for Survivors of TortureBrunswickVictoriaAustralia
| | - Josef Szwarc
- Victorian Foundation for Survivors of TortureBrunswickVictoriaAustralia
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Wang J, Liu K, Zheng J, Liu J, You L. Prevalence of Mental Health Problems and Associated Risk Factors among Rural-to-Urban Migrant Children in Guangzhou, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E1385. [PMID: 29135949 PMCID: PMC5708024 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14111385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rural-to-urban migration, which has achieved a huge scale during China's economic reform, is a potential risk factor for the mental health of migrant children. To test this hypothesis, this study assessed the mental health status of rural-to-urban migrant children. Guided by Andersen's behavioral model, the study explored the risk factors associated with mental health. The study recruited 1182 fifth/sixth-grade children from four private and four public primary schools in Guangzhou in 2014 in a descriptive cross-sectional design. Mental health status was measured by the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. Predisposing characteristics including demographics (e.g., age, gender), social structure (e.g., education, occupation) and health beliefs (health attitude) were recorded. Enabling characteristics including family and community resources and the need for health services were analyzed to explore the risk factors. The results indicate that more rural-to-urban migrant children were classified in the abnormal (21.0%) or borderline (18.8%) categories based on the total difficulties scores, the proportions of which were much higher than those of local children (9.8% abnormal, 13.8% borderline). Factors associated with a greater likelihood of mental health problems included single-parent families, seeking health information actively, family income cannot meet basic needs and poor perceived health status. Compared with the local children, the rural-to-urban migrant children had relatively poor mental health, hence monitoring and supporting mental health for rural-urban migrant children is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74, Zhongshan 2nd Rd, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ke Liu
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74, Zhongshan 2nd Rd, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Jing Zheng
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74, Zhongshan 2nd Rd, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Jiali Liu
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74, Zhongshan 2nd Rd, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Liming You
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74, Zhongshan 2nd Rd, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Psychopathology and friendship in children and adolescents: disentangling the role of co-occurring symptom domains with serial mediation models. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2017; 26:1377-1386. [PMID: 28462487 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-017-0993-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The consolidation of social friendship groups is a vital part of human development. The objective of this study is to understand the direct and indirect influences of three major symptomatic domains-emotional, hyperkinetic, and conduct-on friendship. Specifically, we aim to study if the associations of one domain with friendship may be mediated by co-occurring symptoms from another domain. A total of 2512 subjects aged 6-14 years participated in this study. Friendship was evaluated by the Development and Well-Being Assessment's friendship section. We evaluated two main constructs as outcomes: (1) social isolation and (2) friendship latent construct. Emotional, hyperkinetic, and conduct symptomatic domains were evaluated with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). All SDQ domains were positively associated with social isolation and negatively associated with friendship latent construct in univariate analysis. However, serial mediation models showed that the association between conduct domains with social isolation was mediated by emotion and hyperkinetic domains. Moreover, the associations between emotional and hyperkinetic domains with friendship latent construct in non-isolated children were mediated by the conduct domain. Emotion and hyperkinetic domains were directly and indirectly associated with social isolation, whereas conduct was directly and indirectly associated with overall friendship in non-isolated children. Results suggest that interventions aimed to improve social life in childhood and adolescence may have stronger effects if directed towards the treatment of emotion and hyperkinetic symptoms in socially isolated children and directed towards the treatment of conduct symptoms in children with fragile social connections.
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Grazuleviciene R, Andrusaityte S, Petraviciene I, Balseviciene B. Impact of Psychosocial Environment on Young Children's Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14101278. [PMID: 29064401 PMCID: PMC5664778 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The impact of maternal psychosocial stress on young children’s mental difficulties is unclear. This study investigated the joint effects of the socioeconomic status and parent-child relationships on emotional and behavioral difficulties in preschool children. Methods: The case-control study included 1416 mothers and their 4–6 year-old children pairs, living in Kaunas city, Lithuania. The parent-child relationships were measured using the Parent-Child Dysfunctional Interaction subscale. Children’s mental health difficulties were assessed by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. We used logistic regression models to indicate the strength of the associations. Results: Lower socioeconomic status women more often than higher ones reported pathological mother-child relations. Low education level was associated with statistically significant increase adjusted odds ratios for emotional symptoms and total behavioral difficulties. With reference to the group of better-educated mothers and normal mother-child relations, low education and pathological mother-child relations statistically significantly increased the risk of total difficulties in 4–6 year-old children; the adjusted odds ratios were 2.45; 95% CI 1.51–3.99. Conclusions: Pathological mother-child relations strengthened the effect of lower education on the increased risk of emotional and behavioral difficulties in preschool-age children. Measures oriented towards health behavior and psychosocial difficulties management may decrease children’s emotional and behavioral difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Grazuleviciene
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaicio str. 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Sandra Andrusaityte
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaicio str. 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Inga Petraviciene
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaicio str. 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Birute Balseviciene
- Department of Theoretical Psychology, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaicio str. 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania.
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Dang HM, Nguyen H, Weiss B. Incremental validity of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in Vietnam. Asian J Psychiatr 2017; 29:96-100. [PMID: 29061439 PMCID: PMC5679093 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Valid but efficient psychiatric assessment is essential for mental health development in Asian low and middle-income countries. This study's objective was to assess the validity of Vietnamese versions of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in Vietnam. METHODS Measures were completed by a community sample of 1314 parents of children 6-16 years old from 10 Vietnamese provinces, and by parents of 208 children recruited from 3 psychiatric facilities in Hanoi. RESULTS Internal consistency was in the fair to excellent range for all CBCL scales (.76-.96) and for the SDQ Total Problems scale (.81); SDQ subscale internal consistency was in the poor to fair range (.31-.73). All CBCL and SDQ scales and most individual items significantly discriminated between referred and non-referred children, with referred children scoring in the more pathological direction; the CBCL had significantly larger referral effect sizes than the SDQ for all four pairs of comparable scales. At the item level, the largest referral status effect for the CBCL were #73 (Sexual Problems), #84 (Strange Behavior), and #91 (Talks about suicide), and for the SDQ they were #10 (Constantly fidgeting), #15 (Easily Distracted) and # 25 (Good Attention Span-reverse scored). Five CBCL (#2 Drinks alcohol; #99 Uses tobacco, #32 Has to be perfect; #53 Overeats; #56A Aches and pains) and one SDQ items (#23 Gets along better with adults than children) did not discriminate referral status, suggesting the influence of cultural values on clinical referrability (e.g., that Vietnamese parents may not see use of tobacco as an issue of concern, or related to health). CONCLUSIONS There is good support for the reliability and validity of the Vietnamese version of the CBCL, and for the SDQ Total Problems scale. Overall, the CBCL appears to be the stronger measure psychometrically, particularly if in-depth assessment is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang-Minh Dang
- College of Education, Vietnam National University at Hanoi, G7 Building, 144 Xuan Thuy Street, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Ha Nguyen
- National Institute of Mental Health, Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong Street, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Bahr Weiss
- Clinical Sciences Program, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
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Gomez R, Stavropoulos V. Parent Ratings of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: What Is the Optimum Factor Model? Assessment 2017; 26:1142-1153. [PMID: 28735555 DOI: 10.1177/1073191117721743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To date, at least 12 different models have been suggested for the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The current study used confirmatory factor analysis to examine the relative support for these models. In all, 1,407 Malaysian parents completed SDQ ratings of their children (age range = 5-13 years). Although the findings showed some degree of support for all 12 models, there was most support for an oblique six-factor model that included the five SDQ domains (emotional problems, conduct problems, hyperactivity, peer problems, and low prosocial behavior) and a positive construal factor comprising all the 10 SDQ positive worded items. The original proposed five-factor oblique model also showed good fit. The implications of the findings for understanding the results of past studies of the structural models of the parent version of the SDQ, and for clinical and research practice involving the SDQ are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rapson Gomez
- 1 Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vasilis Stavropoulos
- 1 Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia.,2 University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Oostenbroek MHW, Kersten RHJ, Tros B, Kunst AE, Vrijkotte TGM, Finken MJJ. Maternal hypothyroxinaemia in early pregnancy and problem behavior in 5-year-old offspring. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2017; 81:29-35. [PMID: 28411411 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is evidence, though not consistent, that offspring born to mothers with subtle decreases in thyroid function early in their pregnancies may be at risk of cognitive impairments and attention problems. However, other types of problem behavior have not been addressed thus far. We tested whether maternal thyroid function in early pregnancy is associated with several types of problem behavior in offspring at age 5-6 years. METHODS This was a longitudinal study that included the data of 2000 mother-child pairs from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study. At a median gestational age of 12.9 (interquartile range: 11.9-14.1) weeks, maternal blood was sampled for assessment of free T4 and TSH. Overall problem behavior, hyperactivity/inattention, conduct problems, emotional problems, peer relationship problems and prosocial behavior were measured at age 5-6 years using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, which was filled out by both parents and teachers. RESULTS Maternal hypothyroxinaemia <5th percentile was associated with a 1.70 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-2.86) increased odds of teacher-reported hyperactivity/inattention after adjustment for confounders. By increasing the cut-off level to <10th percentile, the odds ratio became 1.47 (95% CI: 0.99-2.20). There were no associations between maternal thyroid function parameters and hyperactivity/inattention as reported by parents, nor with teacher or parent reports of other types of problem behavior. CONCLUSIONS Our results partially confirm previous observations, showing that early disruptions in the maternal thyroid hormone supply may be associated with ADHD symptoms in offspring. Our study adds that there is no evidence for an effect on other types of problem behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurits H W Oostenbroek
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22700, 1100 DE Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Remco H J Kersten
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22700, 1100 DE Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Benjamin Tros
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22700, 1100 DE Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Anton E Kunst
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22700, 1100 DE Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Tanja G M Vrijkotte
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22700, 1100 DE Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Martijn J J Finken
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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van den Heuvel M, Jansen DEMC, Stewart RE, Smits-Engelsman BCM, Reijneveld SA, Flapper BCT. How reliable and valid is the teacher version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in primary school children? PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176605. [PMID: 28453573 PMCID: PMC5409073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is validated for parents, but not yet for teachers in a broad age range of children. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 4-10 years old school children to investigate if the SDQ-T can be used instead of the validated but lengthy Teacher's Report Form (TRF) to acquire information about emotional and behavioral problems in the school community. METHODS Teachers of 453 children from primary schools were approached. Teachers of 394 children (response rate 86.9%) with a mean age of 7.1 years filled in the SDQ-T (n = 387), the TRF (n = 349) or both (n = 342). We assessed reliability by calculating internal consistency and concurrent validity (using correlation coefficients, sensitivity, specificity) of the SDQ-T compared with the TRF. RESULTS Internal consistency of the SDQ-T Total Difficulties Score (SDQ-T TDS; Cronbach α = 0.80), hyperactivity/ inattention- (α = 0.86) and prosocial behavior (α = 0.81) was very good. Concurrent validity demonstrated a strong correlation of all subscales of the SDQ-T with the corresponding scale on the TRF (range 0.54-0.73), except for peer problems (0.46). Using a SDQ-T TDS cut-off score > 14, the SDQ-T had a good sensitivity (90%) and specificity (94%). DISCUSSION The good reliability, validity and brevity of the SDQ-T make it an easily applicable questionnaire for obtaining information about emotional and behavioral problems from teachers in primary school children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meta van den Heuvel
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Danielle E. M. C. Jansen
- Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Roy E. Stewart
- Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Sijmen A. Reijneveld
- Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Boudien C. T. Flapper
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Early Childhood Precursors and School age Correlates of Different Internalising Problem Trajectories Among Young Children. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 44:1333-46. [PMID: 26747450 PMCID: PMC5007267 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-015-0116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
It is unclear why trajectories of internalising problems vary between groups of young children. This is the first attempt in the United Kingdom to identify and explain different trajectories of internalising problems from 46 to 94 months. Using both mother- and child-reported data from the large Growing Up in Scotland (GUS) birth cohort (N = 2901; male N = 1497, female N = 1404), we applied growth mixture modelling and multivariable multinomial regression models. Three trajectories were identified: low-stable, high-decreasing and medium-increasing. There were no gender differences in trajectory shape, membership, or importance of covariates. Children from both elevated trajectories shared several early risk factors (low income, poor maternal mental health, poor partner relationship, pre-school behaviour problems) and school-age covariates (low mother-child warmth and initial school maladjustment) and reported fewer supportive friendships at 94 months. However, there were also differences in covariates between the two elevated trajectories. Minority ethnic status and pre-school conduct problems were more strongly associated with the high-decreasing trajectory; and covariates measured after school entry (behaviour problems, mother-child conflict and school maladjustment) with the medium-increasing trajectory. This suggests a greater burden of early risk for the high-decreasing trajectory, and that children with moderate early problem levels were more vulnerable to influences after school transition. Our findings largely support the sparse existing international evidence and are strengthened by the use of child-reported data. They highlight the need to identify protective factors for children with moderate, as well as high, levels of internalising problems at pre-school age, but suggest different approaches may be required.
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Roze M, Vandentorren S, Vuillermoz C, Chauvin P, Melchior M. Emotional and behavioral difficulties in children growing up homeless in Paris. Results of the ENFAMS survey. Eur Psychiatry 2016; 38:51-60. [PMID: 27664530 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Children growing up in homeless families are disproportionately more likely to experience health and psychological problems. Our objective was to describe social, environmental, individual and family characteristics associated with emotional and behavioral difficulties among homeless children living in the Paris region. METHODS Face-to-face interviews with a representative sample of homeless families were conducted by bilingual psychologists and interviewers between January and May 2013 (n=343 children ages 4-13 years). Mothers reported children's emotional and behavioral difficulties (Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire [SDQ]), family socio-demographic characteristics, residential mobility, and parents' and children's physical and mental health. Children were interviewed regarding their perception of their living arrangements, friendships and school experiences. We studied children's SDQ total score in a linear regression framework. RESULTS Homeless children had higher SDQ total scores than children in the general population of France, (mean total score=11.3 vs 8.9, P<0,001). In multivariate analyses, children's difficulties were associated with parents' region of birth (beta=1.74 for Sub-Saharan Africa, beta=0.60 for Eastern Europe, beta=3.22 for other countries, P=0.020), residential mobility (beta=0.22, P=0.012), children's health (beta=3.49, P<0.001) and overweight (beta=2.14, P=0.007), the child's sleeping habits (beta=2.82, P=0.002), the mother's suicide risk (beta=4.13, P<0.001), the child's dislike of the family's accommodation (beta=3.59, P<0.001) and the child's experience of bullying (beta=3.21, P=0.002). CONCLUSIONS Children growing up homeless experience high levels of psychological difficulties which can put them at risk for poor mental health and educational outcomes long-term. Access to appropriate screening and medical care for this vulnerable yet underserved group are greatly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Roze
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale), 75012 Paris, France.
| | - S Vandentorren
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale), 75012 Paris, France; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - C Vuillermoz
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale), 75012 Paris, France
| | - P Chauvin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale), 75012 Paris, France
| | - M Melchior
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale), 75012 Paris, France
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Warris LT, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Aarsen FK, Pluijm SMF, Bierings MB, van den Bos C, Zwaan CM, Thygesen HH, Tissing WJE, Veening MA, Pieters R, van den Akker ELT. Hydrocortisone as an Intervention for Dexamethasone-Induced Adverse Effects in Pediatric Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Results of a Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Oncol 2016; 34:2287-93. [PMID: 27161966 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.66.0761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Dexamethasone is a key component in the treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but can induce serious adverse effects. Recent studies have led to the hypothesis that neuropsychological adverse effects may be a result of cortisol depletion of the cerebral mineralocorticoid receptors. We examined whether including a physiologic dose of hydrocortisone in dexamethasone treatment can reduce neuropsychologic and metabolic adverse effects in children with ALL. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial with a crossover design. Of 116 potentially eligible patients (age 3 to 16 years), 50 were enrolled and were treated with two consecutive courses of dexamethasone in accordance with Dutch Childhood Oncology Group ALL protocols. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either hydrocortisone or placebo in a circadian rhythm (10 mg/m(2)/d) during both dexamethasone courses. Primary outcome measure was parent-reported Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire in Dutch, which assesses psychosocial problems. Other end points included questionnaires, neuropsychological tests, and metabolic parameters. RESULTS Of 48 patients who completed both courses, hydrocortisone had no significant effect on outcome; however, a more detailed analysis revealed that in 16 patients who developed clinically relevant psychosocial adverse effects, addition of hydrocortisone substantially reduced their Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire in Dutch scores in the following domains: total difficulties, emotional symptoms, conduct problems, and impact of difficulties. Moreover, in nine patients who developed clinically relevant, sleep-related difficulties, addition of hydrocortisone reduced total sleeping problems and disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep. In contrast, hydrocortisone had no effect on metabolic parameters. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that adding a physiologic dose of hydrocortisone to dexamethasone treatment can reduce the occurrence of serious neuropsychological adverse effects and sleep-related difficulties in pediatric patients with ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidewij T Warris
- Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Femke K. Aarsen, Saskia M.F. Pluijm, Christian M. Zwaan, Rob Pieters, and Erica L.T. van den Akker, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam; Cor van den Bos, Academic Medical Center-Emma Children's Hospital; Margreet A. Veening, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center; Helene H. Thygesen, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Marc B. Bierings, University Medical Center Utrecht-Wilhelmina Children's Hospital; Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marc B. Bierings, and Rob Pieters, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht; Wim J.E. Tissing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Marry M van den Heuvel-Eibrink
- Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Femke K. Aarsen, Saskia M.F. Pluijm, Christian M. Zwaan, Rob Pieters, and Erica L.T. van den Akker, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam; Cor van den Bos, Academic Medical Center-Emma Children's Hospital; Margreet A. Veening, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center; Helene H. Thygesen, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Marc B. Bierings, University Medical Center Utrecht-Wilhelmina Children's Hospital; Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marc B. Bierings, and Rob Pieters, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht; Wim J.E. Tissing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Femke K Aarsen
- Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Femke K. Aarsen, Saskia M.F. Pluijm, Christian M. Zwaan, Rob Pieters, and Erica L.T. van den Akker, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam; Cor van den Bos, Academic Medical Center-Emma Children's Hospital; Margreet A. Veening, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center; Helene H. Thygesen, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Marc B. Bierings, University Medical Center Utrecht-Wilhelmina Children's Hospital; Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marc B. Bierings, and Rob Pieters, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht; Wim J.E. Tissing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia M F Pluijm
- Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Femke K. Aarsen, Saskia M.F. Pluijm, Christian M. Zwaan, Rob Pieters, and Erica L.T. van den Akker, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam; Cor van den Bos, Academic Medical Center-Emma Children's Hospital; Margreet A. Veening, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center; Helene H. Thygesen, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Marc B. Bierings, University Medical Center Utrecht-Wilhelmina Children's Hospital; Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marc B. Bierings, and Rob Pieters, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht; Wim J.E. Tissing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marc B Bierings
- Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Femke K. Aarsen, Saskia M.F. Pluijm, Christian M. Zwaan, Rob Pieters, and Erica L.T. van den Akker, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam; Cor van den Bos, Academic Medical Center-Emma Children's Hospital; Margreet A. Veening, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center; Helene H. Thygesen, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Marc B. Bierings, University Medical Center Utrecht-Wilhelmina Children's Hospital; Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marc B. Bierings, and Rob Pieters, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht; Wim J.E. Tissing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Cor van den Bos
- Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Femke K. Aarsen, Saskia M.F. Pluijm, Christian M. Zwaan, Rob Pieters, and Erica L.T. van den Akker, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam; Cor van den Bos, Academic Medical Center-Emma Children's Hospital; Margreet A. Veening, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center; Helene H. Thygesen, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Marc B. Bierings, University Medical Center Utrecht-Wilhelmina Children's Hospital; Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marc B. Bierings, and Rob Pieters, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht; Wim J.E. Tissing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Christian M Zwaan
- Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Femke K. Aarsen, Saskia M.F. Pluijm, Christian M. Zwaan, Rob Pieters, and Erica L.T. van den Akker, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam; Cor van den Bos, Academic Medical Center-Emma Children's Hospital; Margreet A. Veening, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center; Helene H. Thygesen, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Marc B. Bierings, University Medical Center Utrecht-Wilhelmina Children's Hospital; Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marc B. Bierings, and Rob Pieters, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht; Wim J.E. Tissing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Helene H Thygesen
- Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Femke K. Aarsen, Saskia M.F. Pluijm, Christian M. Zwaan, Rob Pieters, and Erica L.T. van den Akker, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam; Cor van den Bos, Academic Medical Center-Emma Children's Hospital; Margreet A. Veening, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center; Helene H. Thygesen, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Marc B. Bierings, University Medical Center Utrecht-Wilhelmina Children's Hospital; Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marc B. Bierings, and Rob Pieters, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht; Wim J.E. Tissing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wim J E Tissing
- Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Femke K. Aarsen, Saskia M.F. Pluijm, Christian M. Zwaan, Rob Pieters, and Erica L.T. van den Akker, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam; Cor van den Bos, Academic Medical Center-Emma Children's Hospital; Margreet A. Veening, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center; Helene H. Thygesen, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Marc B. Bierings, University Medical Center Utrecht-Wilhelmina Children's Hospital; Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marc B. Bierings, and Rob Pieters, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht; Wim J.E. Tissing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Margreet A Veening
- Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Femke K. Aarsen, Saskia M.F. Pluijm, Christian M. Zwaan, Rob Pieters, and Erica L.T. van den Akker, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam; Cor van den Bos, Academic Medical Center-Emma Children's Hospital; Margreet A. Veening, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center; Helene H. Thygesen, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Marc B. Bierings, University Medical Center Utrecht-Wilhelmina Children's Hospital; Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marc B. Bierings, and Rob Pieters, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht; Wim J.E. Tissing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rob Pieters
- Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Femke K. Aarsen, Saskia M.F. Pluijm, Christian M. Zwaan, Rob Pieters, and Erica L.T. van den Akker, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam; Cor van den Bos, Academic Medical Center-Emma Children's Hospital; Margreet A. Veening, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center; Helene H. Thygesen, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Marc B. Bierings, University Medical Center Utrecht-Wilhelmina Children's Hospital; Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marc B. Bierings, and Rob Pieters, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht; Wim J.E. Tissing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Erica L T van den Akker
- Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Femke K. Aarsen, Saskia M.F. Pluijm, Christian M. Zwaan, Rob Pieters, and Erica L.T. van den Akker, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam; Cor van den Bos, Academic Medical Center-Emma Children's Hospital; Margreet A. Veening, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center; Helene H. Thygesen, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Marc B. Bierings, University Medical Center Utrecht-Wilhelmina Children's Hospital; Lidewij T. Warris, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marc B. Bierings, and Rob Pieters, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht; Wim J.E. Tissing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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46
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de Laat SAA, Essink-Bot ML, van Wassenaer-Leemhuis AG, Vrijkotte TG. Effect of socioeconomic status on psychosocial problems in 5- to 6-year-old preterm- and term-born children: the ABCD study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2016; 25:757-67. [PMID: 26564020 PMCID: PMC4932131 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-015-0791-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at analysing the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and psychosocial problems in preterm- and term-born children. Scores of mothers and teachers on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) regarding 217 preterm-born children (<37 weeks' gestation, mean 34 weeks) were compared with 4336 term-born children in the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development (ABCD) cohort at age 5-6 years. Associations between SDQ scores and SES (maternal education and perceived income adequacy) were examined with multivariate linear regression analysis. The mean mother-reported total difficulties score was significantly higher for preterm children (6.1 ± 4.7) than for term children (5.2 ± 4.1). After covariate adjustment, this difference was 0.5 (95 % CI 0.0-1.0). For preterm children 16.1 % of the mothers reported psychosocial problems compared with 10.1 % for term children. Lower maternal education and lower income adequacy were significantly related to higher SDQ scores of mothers and teachers. Differences in mothers' SDQ score between preterm and term children were larger in the high-education (Δ0.9, 95 % CI 0.2-1.5) and high-income group (Δ0.9, 95 % CI 0.3-1.6). No significant differences were found between preterm and term children in the SDQ scores reported by teachers. Low level of maternal education and inadequate income showed a much stronger association with psychosocial problems than preterm birth. No combined effect of low SES and preterm birth was found. This study corroborates the evidence for the strength of the disadvantageous effects of low SES on early psychosocial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne A. A. de Laat
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,Youth Health Care, GGD Hart voor Brabant, ‘s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Tanja G. Vrijkotte
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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47
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Bull R, Lee K, Koh IHC, Poon KKL. Confirmatory factor analysis of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in Singaporean kindergartners. Child Care Health Dev 2016; 42:109-16. [PMID: 26470606 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) assesses behavioural adjustment in children aged 3 to 16 years. To ascertain the appropriateness of the scale for a specific population, it is important to examine whether the distinctiveness of the scale dimensions can be verified empirically. AIMS Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test explicitly which of three models better explain our data, and whether model fit was improved by the addition of method factors. METHODS Parents of 411 Singaporean kindergartners completed the SDQ. RESULTS A four-factor multi-trait multi-method model (Prosocial, Conduct, Hyperactivity, Internalizing and two method factors) provided the best fit to the data. There was strong evidence for convergent and discriminant validity. However, differences in configural loading pattern indicated gender-related differences in the mapping of the SDQ items. DISCUSSION Differences in factor structure across countries and gender may reflect differing conceptions of the underlying dimensions, as well as differences in normative expectations. However, our findings may allow its use as a screening tool to identify Singaporean children at risk of emotional and behavioural difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bull
- National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - K Lee
- National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - I H C Koh
- Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - K K L Poon
- National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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48
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Lohbeck A, Schultheiß J, Petermann F, Petermann U. Die deutsche Selbstbeurteilungsversion des Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ-Deu-S). DIAGNOSTICA 2015. [DOI: 10.1026/0012-1924/a000153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Die vorliegende Studie überprüft die Faktorenstruktur, psychometrischen Eigenschaften und Grenzwerte der deutschen Selbstbeurteilungsversion des Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ-Deu-S). Die Daten dieser Studie basieren auf einer Stichprobe von N = 1 501 Kindern und Jugendlichen im Alter von 11 bis 16 Jahren. Die angenommene Fünf-Faktoren-Struktur des SDQ-Deu-S konnte anhand exploratorischer und konfirmatorischer Faktorenanalysen bestätigt werden. Die Reliabilitäten der fünf Skalen (Cronbachs Alpha .55 – .77, Retest .58 – .67) fielen jedoch gering aus. Lediglich die SDQ-Gesamtproblemskala erreichte eine zufriedenstellende interne Konsistenz. Es werden alters- und geschlechtsspezifische Grenzwerte vorgeschlagen, die sich an die von Goodman (1997) empfohlenen Zielvorgaben von 80 – 10 – 10 % für die Bestimmung von Grenzwerten in die drei Kategorien unauffällig, grenzwertig und auffällig anlehnen: Die Grenzwerte für die meisten SDQ-Subskalen liegen um etwa einen Punkt und für die SDQ-Gesamtproblemskala um max. zwei Punkte niedriger als die Grenzwerte für die SDQ-Selbstberichtsversion von Goodman, Meltzer und Bailey (1998) .
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49
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Kersten P, Czuba K, McPherson K, Dudley M, Elder H, Tauroa R, Vandal A. A systematic review of evidence for the psychometric properties of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/0165025415570647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This article synthesized evidence for the validity and reliability of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in children aged 3–5 years. A systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement guidelines was carried out. Study quality was rated using the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments. In total, 41 studies were included (56 manuscripts). Two studies examined content and cultural validity, revealing issues with some questions. Six studies discussed language validations with changes to some wording recommended. There was good evidence for discriminative validity (Area Under the Curve ≥ 0.80), convergent validity (weighted average correlation coefficients ≥ 0.50, except for the Prosocial scale), and the 5-factor structural validity. There was limited support for discriminant validity. Sensitivity was below 70% and specificity above 70% in most studies that examined this. Internal consistency of the total difficulty scale was good (weighted average Chronbach’s alpha parents’ and teachers’ version 0.79 and 0.82) but weaker for other subscales (weighted average parents’ and teachers’ range 0.49–0.69 and 0.69–0.83). Inter-rater reliability between parents was moderate (correlation coefficients range 0.42–0.64) and between teachers strong (range 0.59–0.81). Cross-informant consistency was weak to moderate (weighted average correlation coefficients range 0.25–0.45). Test-retest reliability was mostly inadequate. In conclusion, the lack of evidence for cultural validity, criterion validity and test-retest reliability should be addressed given wide-spread implementation of the tool in routine clinical practice. The moderate level of consistency between different informants indicate that an assessment of a pre-schooler should not rely on a single informant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Kersten
- Centre for Person Centred Research, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Karol Czuba
- Centre for Person Centred Research, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kathryn McPherson
- Centre for Person Centred Research, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Margaret Dudley
- Taupua Waiora Centre for Māori Health Research, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hinemoa Elder
- Te Whare Wānanga o Awanuiārangi, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Robyn Tauroa
- Centre for Person Centred Research, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alain Vandal
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
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50
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Stratton KJ, Edwards AC, Overstreet C, Richardson L, Tran TL, Trung LT, Tam NT, Tuan T, Buoi LT, Ha TT, Thach TD, Amstadter AB. Caretaker mental health and family environment factors are associated with adolescent psychiatric problems in a Vietnamese sample. Psychiatry Res 2014; 220:453-60. [PMID: 25204862 PMCID: PMC4350258 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about risk factors for adolescent mental health in Vietnam. The present study investigated the relationship between caretaker mental health and adolescent mental health in a cross-sectional Vietnamese sample. Primary caretakers completed measures of their own mental distress and general health status using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) as well as reports of adolescent mental health using the parent version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Multivariate regression models were used to examine the relationships between the caretaker and adolescent health variables. The demographic factors of age, sex, ethnicity, religious affiliation, and household wealth status demonstrated significant relationships with SDQ subscale scores. Caretaker mental health was positively associated with adolescent mental health, and this association remained significant even after accounting for other relevant demographic variables and caretaker general health status. Understanding correlates of adolescent mental health difficulties may help identify youth and families at risk for developing psychiatric problems and inform mental health interventions in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelcey Jane Stratton
- Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, 1201 Broad Rock Boulevard (116-B), Richmond, VA 23249, USA; Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 East Leigh Street, Biotech 1, Suite 101, Richmond, VA 23219, USA; Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Psychology, 806 West Franklin Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
| | - Alexis Christine Edwards
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 East Leigh Street, Biotech 1, Suite 101, Richmond VA 23219 USA
| | - Cassie Overstreet
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 East Leigh Street, Biotech 1, Suite 101, Richmond VA 23219 USA, Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Psychology, 806 West Franklin Street, Richmond, VA 23284 USA
| | | | | | - Lam Tu Trung
- Da Nang Mental Health Hospital, Da Nang City, Vietnam
| | | | - Tran Tuan
- Research and Training Center for Community Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - La Thi Buoi
- Research and Training Center for Community Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Thu Ha
- Research and Training Center for Community Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Duc Thach
- Research and Training Center for Community Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ananda Beth Amstadter
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 East Leigh Street, Biotech 1, Suite 101, Richmond VA 23219 USA
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