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Sarti P, Colliva C, Varrasi S, Guerrera CS, Platania GA, Boccaccio FM, Castellano S, Pirrone C, Pani L, Tascedda F, di Nuovo S, Caraci F, Blom JMC. A network study to differentiate suicide attempt risk profiles in male and female patients with major depressive disorder. Clin Psychol Psychother 2023. [PMID: 37922512 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Suicide attempts are a possible consequence of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), although their prevalence varies across different epidemiological studies. Suicide attempt is a significant predictor of death by suicide, highlighting its importance in understanding and preventing tragic outcomes. Researchers are increasingly recognizing the need to study the differences between males and females, as several distinctions emerge in terms of the characteristics, types and motivations of suicide attempts. These differences emphasize the importance of considering gender-specific factors in the study of suicide attempts and developing tailored prevention strategies. We conducted a network analysis to represent and investigate which among multiple neurocognitive, psychosocial, demographic and affective variables may prove to be a reliable predictor for identifying the 'suicide attempt risk' (SAR) in a sample of 81 adults who met DSM-5 criteria for MDD. Network analysis resulted in differences between males and females regarding the variables that were going to interact and predict the SAR; in particular, for males, there is a stronger link toward psychosocial aspects, while for females, the neurocognitive domain is more relevant in its mnestic subcomponents. Network analysis allowed us to describe otherwise less obvious differences in the risk profiles of males and females that attempted to take their own lives. Different neurocognitive and psychosocial variables and different interactions between them predict the probability of suicide attempt unique to male and female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierfrancesco Sarti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Colliva
- Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Modena, Distretto di Carpi, Modena, Italy
| | - Simone Varrasi
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Claudia Savia Guerrera
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | | | - Sabrina Castellano
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Concetta Pirrone
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Pani
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Pharmacology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Specialist Medicines, Digital and Predictive Medicine, Pharmacology and Clinical Metabolic Toxicology-Headache Centre and Drug Abuse, Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, AOU Policlinico Di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Fabio Tascedda
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Santo di Nuovo
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Johanna M C Blom
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Maricic J, Bjelic S, Jelic K. The Role of Self-Compassion and Attributions in the Mental Health of Older Adolescents amid the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6981. [PMID: 37947539 PMCID: PMC10648687 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20216981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the relationship among self-compassion, attributional styles, and mental health and their components in older adolescents in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The role of each component of self-compassion (self-kindness, common humanity, mindfulness, self-judgment, isolation, and over-identification) and attributions (globality, stability, self-worth, and negative consequences) in predicting mental health was also analyzed. There were 322 participants aged 18 to 22 that participated in an online survey. The participants filled out a form that consisted of sociodemographic questions, COVID-19-related questions, the Self-Compassion Scale, the Mental Health Continuum-short form-and the Cognitive Styles Questionnaire-very short form. The results indicated moderate levels of self-compassion, attributions, and mental health in participants. Furthermore, gender differences in self-compassion were confirmed, meaning that male participants had higher total levels of self-compassion, and certain differences were observed on attribution subscales, but not on well-being subscales. Self-compassion and mental health were found to be positively correlated with each other and negatively correlated with negative attributions. Of the four attributional components, stability and negative consequences were revealed to be significant negative predictors in the first step but lost their significance with the inclusion of self-compassion components in the second step of the analysis. Regarding the six components of self-compassion, self-kindness, recoded isolation, and common humanity were significant positive predictors in the second step of the analysis. COVID-19-related items did not show any significant intergroup differences. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between positive mental health, self-compassion, and attributions in older adolescents so that they can be used as theoretical support for related interventions, especially during and after times of crisis, such as a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Maricic
- Faculty of Croatian Studies, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia (K.J.)
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d’Errico A, Fontana D, Sebastiani G, Ardito C. Risk of symptomatic osteoarthritis associated with exposure to ergonomic factors at work in a nationwide Italian survey. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:143-154. [PMID: 35900451 PMCID: PMC9823078 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-022-01912-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The risk of developing osteoarthritis (OA) has been reported to increase with exposure to various ergonomic factors at work, although this finding is still debated in the literature. Aim of this study was to assess the association between prevalence of symptomatic OA and exposure to workplace ergonomic factors assigned through a job-exposures matrix (JEM). METHODS The study population was composed of 24,604 persons of 40-69 years who participated in the National Health Survey 2013 and were employed at that occasion. Exposure to ergonomic factors was assigned to the study population through a JEM constructed from the Italian O*NET database, consisting of 17 physical factors, which were summed and averaged by job title (796 jobs) to obtain a combined exposure index. The outcome was self-reported OA characterized by moderate or severe limitations in daily activities. The relationship between OA prevalence and the combined exposure index in quartiles was examined using robust Poisson regression models adjusted for socio-demographics and potential confounders. RESULTS In the analysis adjusted for age and gender, the risk of OA was increased by approximately 20-30% in the second and third quartiles, and by 80% in the highest exposure quartile, compared to the least exposed, with a risk attenuation by approximately 15-20% controlling for other significant covariates. CONCLUSION Our results support a causal role of exposure to physical factors at work in the development of OA. As OA is associated with a great burden of disability, any effort should be made to reduce workers' exposure to ergonomic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chiara Ardito
- Department of Economics and Statistics "Cognetti de Martiis", University of Turin, Lungo Dora Siena 100A, 10153, Turin, Italy. .,LABORatorio R. Revelli-Centre for Employment Studies, Turin, Italy. .,NETSPAR-Network for Studies on Pensions, Aging and Retirement, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
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Asper M, Osika W, Dalman C, Pöllänen E, Simonsson O, Flodin P, Sidorchuk A, Marchetti L, Awil F, Castro R, Niemi ME. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and previous pandemics, epidemics and economic crises on mental health: systematic review. BJPsych Open 2022; 8:e181. [PMID: 36214114 PMCID: PMC9551492 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2022.587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A rise in mental illness is expected to follow the COVID-19 pandemic, which has also been projected to lead to a deep global economic recession, further adding to risk factors. AIMS The aim of this review was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and previous pandemics, epidemics and economic crises on mental health. METHOD Searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO and Sociological Abstracts. We included studies of all populations exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic, and other similar pandemics/epidemics and economic crises, compared with non-exposed time periods or regions. The outcome was mental health. RESULTS The 174 included studies assessed mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic (87 studies), 2008 economic crisis (84 studies) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic (three studies). Outcomes were divided into affective disorders, suicides, mental healthcare utilisation and other mental health. COVID-19 pandemic studies were of lesser quality than those for the economic crisis or SARS epidemic. Most studies for all exposures showed increases in affective disorders and other mental health problems. For economic crisis exposure, increases in mental healthcare utilisation and suicides were also found, but these findings were mixed for COVID-19 pandemic exposure. This is probably because of quarantine measures affecting help-seeking and shorter follow-ups of studies of COVID-19 pandemic exposure. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the importance of available, accessible and sustainable mental health services. Also, socioeconomically disadvantaged populations should be particular targets of policy interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Asper
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Walter Osika
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Dalman
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Elin Pöllänen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Otto Simonsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Pär Flodin
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Anna Sidorchuk
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Rosa Castro
- Federation of European Academies of Medicine, Belgium
| | - Maria E Niemi
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
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Trends in rates of NEET (not in education, employment, or training) subgroups among youth aged 15 to 24 in Italy, 2004 - 2019. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022; 30:2221-2229. [PMID: 33680714 PMCID: PMC7924817 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-021-01484-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Rehman S, Hamza MA, Nasir A, Ullah A, Arshad N. Impact of COVID-19 and Consortium Factors on Mental Health: Role of Emotional Labor Strategies in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals. Front Psychol 2022; 13:795677. [PMID: 35310219 PMCID: PMC8927066 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.795677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic that began in 2019 has created an acute fear of economic crisis, and people have experienced the state of perceived job insecurity. Several measures were taken to control this deadly pandemic, but it still affected the majority of global operational activities. This study addresses the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) number 8 that relates to decent work and economic growth. This quantitative study examines the impact of fear associated with economic crisis and perceived job insecurity on mental health with the moderating effect of surface and deep acting. Surface acting is displaying fake emotions, and deep acting is modifying inner feelings according to the required emotions. This study used sample data from private-sector employees and applied SmartPLS for structural model assessment. As many organizations took more challenging decisions to sustain their business operations, the study therefore analyzes the impact of the pandemic on private sector employees. The two main findings of the study are: (i) surface acting moderates the relationships of fear of economic crisis and perceived job insecurity with mental health and declines the impact of both on mental health, (ii) while deep acting negatively moderates the relationships of fear of economic crisis and perceived job insecurity with mental health and improved mental health even in the presence of both. The study highlighted the importance of deep acting at workplaces to sustain employees' mental and psychological stability. Organizations could introduce emotional labor strategies and strengthen the mental health of their employees against the underlying fear of economic crisis and perceived job insecurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Rehman
- Department of Management Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali Hamza
- UVAS Business School, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Adeel Nasir
- Department of Management Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aman Ullah
- UVAS Business School, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
- Faculty of Business and Law, CQ University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nabeela Arshad
- Hailey College of Banking and Finance, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Burden of mental health and substance use disorders among Italian young people aged 10-24 years: results from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:683-694. [PMID: 35059752 PMCID: PMC8960651 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02222-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The burden of mental health and substance use disorders among Italian young people have not yet been presented in detail, despite adolescents and young adults aged between 10 and 24 years constitute 14.5% of the Italian population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to provide data on the health burden of mental health and substance use disorders among young people (10-24 years) in Italy between 1990 and 2019. METHODS Ecological study design using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Age- and sex-specific prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) of mental health and substance use disorders with the uncertainty intervals were reported as well as their percentual changes between 1990 and 2019. RESULTS Prevalence and YLDs rates of mental health and substance use disorders showed negative trends overall between 1990 and 2019. However, diagnoses of attention-deficit/hyperactivity, autism spectrum, conduct and eating (among males) disorders increased as well as cocaine use disorder. The highest levels of disability in terms of YLDs were due to anxiety, depressive, conduct and eating disorders and alcohol use, amphetamine use and opioid use disorders. The disease burden was higher in middle-late adolescence and young adulthood than early adolescence, among females than males for mental health disorders and among males compared to females for substance use disorders. CONCLUSION Findings of the study highlighted disorder-specific patterns of prevalence and YLDs rates and were discussed considering previous research. The public health system should continuously sustain mental health promotion and prevention efforts in young people.
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Vigezzi GP, Gaetti G, Gianfredi V, Frascella B, Gentile L, d'Errico A, Stuckler D, Ricceri F, Costa G, Odone A. Transition to retirement impact on health and lifestyle habits: analysis from a nationwide Italian cohort. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1670. [PMID: 34521363 PMCID: PMC8439097 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Retirement is a life-course transition likely to affect, through different mechanisms, behavioural risk factors’ patterns and, ultimately, health outcomes. We assessed the impact of transitioning to retirement on lifestyle habits and perceived health status in a nationwide cohort of Italian adults. Methods We analysed data from a large cohort of Italian adults aged 55–70, derived from linking six waves of the Participation, Labour, Unemployment Survey (PLUS), a national survey representative of the Italian workforce population, conducted between 2010 and 2018. We estimated relative-risk ratios (RRR) of transition to retirement and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for selected behavioural risk factors and health outcomes using multivariable logistic regression models. We used propensity score matching (PSM) to account for potential confounders. Results We included 5169 subjects in the study population, of which 1653 retired between 2010 and 2018 (exposed, 32%). Transition to retirement was associated with a 36% increased probability of practising sports (RRR 1.36, 95% CI 1.12–1.64). No statistically significant changes were reported for smoking habit (current smoker RRR: 1.18, 95% CI 0.94–1.46) and BMI (overweight/obese RRR: 0.96, 95% CI 0.81–1.15). Overall, retiring was associated with improved self-rated health status (RRR 1.26, 95% CI 1.02–1.58). Conclusion Individual data-linkage of multiple waves of the PLUS can offer great insight to inform healthy ageing policies in Italy and Europe. Transition to retirement has an independent effect on perceived health status, physical activity and selected behavioural risk factors. It should be identified as a target moment for preventive interventions, with particular reference to primary prevention so as to promote health and wellbeing in older ages. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11670-3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanni Gaetti
- School of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Angelo d'Errico
- Department of Epidemiology, ASL TO3, Piedmont Region, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - David Stuckler
- Department of Social and Political Sciences, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Costa
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Anna Odone
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, via Forlanini, 2, Pavia, Italy.
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Aguglia A, Amerio A, Costanza A, Parodi N, Copello F, Serafini G, Amore M. Hopelessness and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Any Role for Mediating Variables? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126579. [PMID: 34207303 PMCID: PMC8296351 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has many psychological consequences for the population, ranging from anxious-depressive symptoms and insomnia to complex post-traumatic syndromes. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the mental well-being of healthcare workers, focusing on the association between hopelessness, death anxiety, and post-traumatic symptomatology. Eight hundred forty-two healthcare workers were recruited between 21 March 2020 and 15 May 2020. A specific questionnaire was administered to assess socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, together with psychometric scales: Beck Hopelessness Scale, Death Anxiety Scale (DAS), and Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS). Respondents with hopelessness scored higher in the DAS and DTS than respondents without hopelessness. Furthermore, death anxiety was identified as a potential mediator of the significant association between hopelessness and post-traumatic symptomatology. The impact of death anxiety should be recognized in vulnerable populations, such as frontline healthcare workers. Therefore, pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies could be useful to attenuate the negative psychological consequences and reduce the burden worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Aguglia
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Largo Paolo Daneo, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.A.); (N.P.); (G.S.); (M.A.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-010-353-7665
| | - Andrea Amerio
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Largo Paolo Daneo, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.A.); (N.P.); (G.S.); (M.A.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Costanza
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), 1206 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Nicolò Parodi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Largo Paolo Daneo, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.A.); (N.P.); (G.S.); (M.A.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Francesco Copello
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Largo Paolo Daneo, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.A.); (N.P.); (G.S.); (M.A.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Mario Amore
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Largo Paolo Daneo, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.A.); (N.P.); (G.S.); (M.A.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
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Gianfredi V, Mauer NS, Gentile L, Riccò M, Odone A, Signorelli C. COVID-19 and Recreational Skiing: Results of a Rapid Systematic Review and Possible Preventive Measures. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4349. [PMID: 33923960 PMCID: PMC8073220 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a novel infectious disease which has rapidly spread around the globe, disrupting several aspects of public life over the past year. After numerous infection clusters emerged among travelers hosted in ski resorts in early 2020, several European countries closed ski areas. These measures were mostly upheld throughout the 2020 and 2021 winter season, generating significant economic loss for mountain communities. The aim of this rapid systematic review was to explore the association between recreational skiing and the spread of COVID-19. This review was conducted according to the WHO practical guidelines on rapid reviews and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, MedRxiv and Promed-mail were screened to identify relevant scientific and grey literature published since the emergence of COVID-19. Among the 11 articles included, seven focused on cases recorded during the first epidemic wave, when COVID-19 containment measures were not yet mandatory. Most infection clusters could be directly linked to public gatherings which took place without the enforcement of restrictions. There is currently no evidence to suggest an association between COVID-19 spread and recreational skiing. It may be reasonable to consider the reopening of ski areas in compliance with strict rules and preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Gianfredi
- School of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (V.G.); (N.S.M.); (C.S.)
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, 6211 Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole Sibilla Mauer
- School of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (V.G.); (N.S.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Leandro Gentile
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.G.); (A.O.)
- Medical Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Riccò
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Servizio di Prevenzione e Sicurezza negli Ambienti di Lavoro (SPSAL), Via Amendola n.2, I-42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Anna Odone
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.G.); (A.O.)
| | - Carlo Signorelli
- School of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (V.G.); (N.S.M.); (C.S.)
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Abstract
The worldwide economic crisis of the last decade, and still unresolved, led to a great recession involving all major economies. Since economic factors may influence mental wellbeing, not surprisingly a rise in poor mental health was observed in different countries, while representing a great challenge to psychiatric interventions. This paper aims at reviewing the available English literature focusing on the impact of the current economic crisis on mental health, with a special focus on depression and suicide. Available studies indicate that consequences of economic crisis, such as unemployment, increased workload or work reorganization, and reduced staff and wages, may constitute important stressing factors with a negative impact on mental health. Although data are not easily comparable in different countries, depression seems to be the most common psychiatric disorders especially in middle-aged men. Even suicide rates seem to be increased in men, mainly in countries with no public welfare or poor family relationships. All these findings require a careful attention from both governments that cut resources on public health instead of investing in it, and psychiatric associations that should implement appropriate strategies to face and to manage this sort of depression epidemic driven by economic crisis. Again, as available data suggest that the impact of the crisis might have been attenuated in countries with higher spending in social protection, they clearly urge policy makers to take into account possible health externalities associated to inadequate social protection systems.
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Costantini L, Pasquarella C, Odone A, Colucci ME, Costanza A, Serafini G, Aguglia A, Belvederi Murri M, Brakoulias V, Amore M, Ghaemi SN, Amerio A. Screening for depression in primary care with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9): A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2021; 279:473-483. [PMID: 33126078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a leading cause of disability. International guidelines recommend screening for depression and the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) has been identified as the most reliable screening tool. We reviewed the evidence for using it within the primary care setting. METHODS We retrieved studies from MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library that carried out primary care-based depression screening using PHQ-9 in populations older than 12, from 1995 to 2018. RESULTS Forty-two studies were included in the systematic review. Most of the studies were cross-sectional (N=40, 95%), conducted in high-income countries (N=27, 71%) and recruited adult populations (N=38, 90%). The accuracy of the PHQ-9 was evaluated in 31 (74%) studies with a two-stage screening system, with structured interview most often carried out by primary care and mental health professionals. Most of the studies employed a cut-off score of 10 (N=24, 57%, total range 5 - 15). The overall sensitivity of PHQ-9 ranged from 0.37 to 0.98, specificity from 0.42 to 0.99, positive predictive value from 0.09 to 0.92, and negative predictive value from 0.8 to 1. LIMITATIONS Lack of longitudinal studies, small sample size, and the heterogeneity of primary-care settings limited the generalizability of our results. CONCLUSIONS PHQ-9 has been widely validated and is recommended in a two-stage screening process. Longitudinal studies are necessary to provide evidence of long-term screening effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Costantini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | | | - Anna Odone
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Costanza
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, ASO Santi Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Aguglia
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Martino Belvederi Murri
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Vlasios Brakoulias
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mario Amore
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - S Nassir Ghaemi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrea Amerio
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Mattei G, Venturi G, Alfieri S, Colombini N, Ferrari S, Rigatelli M, Starace F, Galeazzi GM. Clinical and Socio-demographic Variables Associated with the Outcome of Vocational Rehabilitation Programs: A Community-Based Italian Study. Community Ment Health J 2020; 56:1380-1390. [PMID: 32086675 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-020-00577-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to identify clinical and socio-demographic variables associated with the outcome of vocational rehabilitation programs (VRPs). All users of an Italian Community Mental Health Centre (CMHC) included in VRPs delivered according to the model of Supported Employment in years 2011-2016 were retrospectively enrolled. Fifty users who ended the program with employment were compared with fifty users who dropped out, with respect to clinical and socio-demographic variables. VRPs lasting less than 6 months and oriented toward the competitive labor market had a higher probability of employment. Among users who successfully ended the VRP, the median of health interventions significantly decreased after employment. In the same group of users, less non-health interventions strictly linked to the VRP were required, when compared with users who dropped out. We conclude that employment is associated with improvement of users' clinical conditions and reduced workload for the CMHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mattei
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. .,Ph.D. School in Labor, Development and Innovation, "Marco Biagi" Department of Economics & Marco Biagi Foundation, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. .,Association for Research in Psychiatry, Castelnuovo Rangone, Modena, Italy.
| | - G Venturi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - S Alfieri
- Department of Mental Health & Drug Abuse, AUSL Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - N Colombini
- Department of Mental Health & Drug Abuse, AUSL Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - S Ferrari
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Department of Mental Health & Drug Abuse, AUSL Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - M Rigatelli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - F Starace
- Department of Mental Health & Drug Abuse, AUSL Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - G M Galeazzi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Department of Mental Health & Drug Abuse, AUSL Modena, Modena, Italy
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14
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Earthquakes, economic crisis and, now, COVID-19: the cry of yell of Central Italy. Psychiatry Res 2020; 291:113181. [PMID: 32531625 PMCID: PMC7273133 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Pelissero G. The Covid-19 pandemic: looking ahead. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2020; 91:97-98. [PMID: 32701925 PMCID: PMC8023098 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i9-s.10191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Pelissero
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Forlanini 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy .
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16
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Costanza A, Mazzola V, Radomska M, Amerio A, Aguglia A, Prada P, Bondolfi G, Sarasin F, Ambrosetti J. Who Consult an Adult Psychiatric Emergency Department? Pertinence of Admissions and Opportunities for Telepsychiatry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56060295. [PMID: 32545811 PMCID: PMC7353920 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56060295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Psychiatric disorders constitute frequent causes of emergency department (ED) admissions and these rates are increasing. However, referring to ED a whole range of conditions that could or should be dealt with elsewhere is imposing itself as a problematic situation. We aimed: (1) to provide a descriptive picture of the socio-demographic and diagnostic characteristics of the visits among adults at the psychiatric ED; (2) to estimate the clinical pertinence of these visits. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of diagnostic/socio-demographic characteristics and clinical trajectories of patients admitted for a psychiatric condition at the adult psychiatric ED of the University Hospital of Geneva (HUG), Switzerland, during a 6-week timespan. Results: In our sample (n = 763 total admissions for psychiatric conditions; n = 702 for inclusion of patients having received a medical evaluation), depression/anxiety, suicidal behavior (SB), psychotic episode, and substance use disorder (SUD), in descending order, were the most common diagnoses for referral. Patients belonged to younger age groups (≤65 years), had a familial status other than married/in couple, and did not present an unfavorable socio-demographic profile. Concerning the pertinence for a psychiatric ED, primary diagnosis of depression/anxiety is the only variable significantly associated with different grade of degree. By the examination of the patients’ trajectory from admission to discharge, the clinical pertinence for a psychiatric ED admission existed for cases assigned to the Echelle Suisse du Tri (EST®) scale degree 1 (corresponding to most urgent and severe conditions), particularly for diagnoses of depression/anxiety associated with SB, SB as primary or comorbid diagnosis, and psychotic and manic/hypomanic episode. However, diagnoses of depression/anxiety without urgent and severe features (degrees 2, 3, 4) constituted the most frequent mode of presentation. Conclusions: Ambulatory and community-integrated settings could be more appropriate for the majority of patients admitted to adult psychiatric EDs. Moreover, the implementation of telepsychiatry strategies represents a very promising opportunity to offer these patients care continuity, reduce costs and filter the demand for psychiatric ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Costanza
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (P.P.); (G.B.); (F.S.)
- Department of Psychiatry, ASO Santi Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-22-379-59-00
| | - Viridiana Mazzola
- Department of Psychiatry, Service of Liaison Psychiatry and Crisis Intervention, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Michalina Radomska
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Geneva (UNIGE), 1206 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Andrea Amerio
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.A.); (A.A.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Mood Disorders Program, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Andrea Aguglia
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.A.); (A.A.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Paco Prada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (P.P.); (G.B.); (F.S.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Service of Liaison Psychiatry and Crisis Intervention, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Guido Bondolfi
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (P.P.); (G.B.); (F.S.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Service of Liaison Psychiatry and Crisis Intervention, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - François Sarasin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (P.P.); (G.B.); (F.S.)
- Emergency Department, Emergency Medicine Unit, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julia Ambrosetti
- Department of Psychiatry and Emergency Department, Emergency Psychiatric Unit, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
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Depression and Objectively Measured Physical Activity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103738. [PMID: 32466242 PMCID: PMC7277615 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a major contributor to the overall global burden of disease, with high prevalence and relapse rate. Several factors have been considered in order to reduce the depression burden. Among them, physical activity (PA) showed a potential protective role. However, evidence is contrasting probably because of the differences in PA measurement. The aim of this systematic review with meta-analysis is to assess the association between objectively measured PA and incident and prevalent depression. The systematic review was conducted according to methods recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Relevant papers published through 31 August 2019 were identified searching through the electronic databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Excerpta Medica dataBASE (Embase), PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and the Cochrane Library. All analyses were conducted using ProMeta3. Finally, 42 studies met inclusion criteria. The overall Effect size (ES) of depression for the highest vs. the lowest level of PA was −1.16 [(95% CI = −1.41; −0.91), p-value < 0.001] based on 37,408 participants. The results of the meta-analysis showed a potential protective effect of PA on prevalent and incident depression.
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18
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Amerio A, Bianchi D, Santi F, Costantini L, Odone A, Signorelli C, Costanza A, Serafini G, Amore M, Aguglia A. Covid-19 pandemic impact on mental health: a web-based cross-sectional survey on a sample of Italian general practitioners. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2020; 91:83-88. [PMID: 32420931 PMCID: PMC7569634 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i2.9619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Since the World Health Organization declared the new 2019 coronavirus disease (Covid-19) outbreak first a Public Health Emergency of International Concern and then a pandemic, Italy held more than 195.350 cases and 26.380 deaths. Working in the frontline with suspected Covid-19 infection patients, general practitioners (GPs) are daily under both physical and psychological pressure. Methods: A web-based cross-sectional survey was carried out on italian GPs working in Genoa (Italy), to assess the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on mental health. The survey was anonymous and a free Google Forms® software was used. Results: One hundred thirty-one GPs completed the survey. Compared to GPs with absent or mild depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 < 10), GPs reporting moderate to severe depressive symptoms (N=30, 22.9%; PHQ-9 ≥ 10) reported more helplessness (96.7% vs. 79.2%, p=.025), spent more than three hours searching for COVID-19 information (43.3% vs. 19.8%, p=.024), perceived less adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) (6.7% vs. 23.8%, p=.049) and visited more COVID-19 infected patients (16.63 ± 27.30 vs. 9.52 ± 11.75, p=.041). Moreover, PHQ-9 ≥ 10 GPs reported a significant higher severity for both anxiety and insomnia (13.43 ± 4.96 vs. 4.88 ± 3.53 and 11.60 ± 5.53 vs. 4.84 ± 3.81, respectively; p<.001), and a worse quality of life in both mental (34.60 ± 7.45 vs. 46.01 ± 7.83, p<.001) and physical (43.50 ± 9.37 vs. 52.94 ± 4.78, p<.001) component summary. Conclusions: Our results give early insight into the urgent need to provide continuity of care for patients at the community-level, adequate PPE to GPs and a clear guidance from public health institutions. A precarious healthcare system both at a national and regional level might have triggered negative mental health outcomes in Italian GPs. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Amerio
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. Mood Disorders Program, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, USA..
| | - Davide Bianchi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Francesca Santi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Luigi Costantini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Anna Odone
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Alessandra Costanza
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, ASO Santi Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Mario Amore
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Andrea Aguglia
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
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19
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Rossi D, Croci R, Affanni P, Odone A, Signorelli C. [Influenza vaccination coverage in Lombardy Region: a twenty-year trend analysis (1999-2019)]. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2020; 91:141-145. [PMID: 32275279 PMCID: PMC7975897 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i3-s.9455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Influenza vaccination coverage in Lombardy Region: a twenty-year trend analysis (1999-2019). Recent events and phenomena, such as A(H1N1) pandemic in 2009, “Fluad case” (2014-2015) and the spread of vaccine hesitancy, affected influenza vaccination coverage rates in Italy. In this study, the annual coverage rates in Lombardy Region and in Italy (from 1999-2000 season) have been critically described and compared. Regarding both the general population and the elderly over-65s, Lombardy’s coverages always remained consistently below the national average. However, declines and peaks occurred simultaneously. The current slight recovery, both at national and regional level, is not sufficient. Coverages are still widely below the recommended thresholds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anna Odone
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano.
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20
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Costanza A, Amerio A, Odone A, Baertschi M, Richard-Lepouriel H, Weber K, Di Marco S, Prelati M, Aguglia A, Escelsior A, Serafini G, Amore M, Pompili M, Canuto A. Suicide prevention from a public health perspective. What makes life meaningful? The opinion of some suicidal patients. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2020; 91:128-134. [PMID: 32275277 PMCID: PMC7975898 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i3-s.9417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE WORK Suicide is a worldwide phenomenon, with a relevant number of victims. Moreover, repercussions of suicidality-across its entire spectrum-involve not only the individual but also survivors and communities, in a profound and lasting way. As such, suicidality represents a crucial public mental health concern, in which risk/protection factors' study represent a key issue. However, research primarily focused on suicidality risk factors. This study, moving from Frankl's first observations on "Meaning in Life" (MiL) as protective against suicidality, aimed to identify the main themes that suicidal patients identified as MiL carriers, or potential carriers, in their existences. METHODS Qualitative study on 144 patients admitted to the Geneva University Hospital's emergency department for suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempt (SA). Results: Interpersonal/affective relationships constituted the main theme (71.53%), with emphasis on family (39.80%), children/grandchildren (36.89%). Profession/education, intellectual/non-intellectual pleasures, and transcendental dimension also emerged. CONCLUSIONS These aspects could be considered among a public health agenda's points for suicide prevention programs taking into account also protective factors promotion/support, including community's mental health resources. Reconnecting to introduction's historical part, our findings are consistent with Frankl's observations. Even if exposed to "absurd" and reluctant to deliberate on this, he seems approach Camus conceptualization who, confronted to the necessity of predictable and conform to recognizable personal patterns transcending chaos for a sense-giving perspective, invited to imagine that a meaning, even a "non-absolute meaning", may lie in apparent smallest things and that Sisyphus can have "the possibility to revolt by trying to be happy".
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Costanza
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, ASO Santi Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy.
| | - Andrea Amerio
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. Mood Disorders Program, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, USA..
| | - Anna Odone
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
| | - Marc Baertschi
- Service of General Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Nant Foundation, Montreux, Switzerland.
| | - Hélène Richard-Lepouriel
- Service of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Kerstin Weber
- Division of Institutional Measures, Medical Direction, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Sarah Di Marco
- Department of Psychiatry, ASO Santi Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy.
| | - Massimo Prelati
- Department of Psychiatry, ASO Santi Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy.
| | - Andrea Aguglia
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Andrea Escelsior
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Mario Amore
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Canuto
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland.
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Gianfredi V, Moretti M, Fusco Moffa I. Burden of measles using disability-adjusted life years, Umbria 2013-2018. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2020; 91:48-54. [PMID: 32275267 PMCID: PMC7975903 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i3-s.9412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background and aim: The low measles vaccination coverage contributes to the re-emerging of measles in Italy. This study aimed to estimate the measles burden, expressed in Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), in Umbria, for the period 2013-2018. Methods: Data on measles cases in Umbria were obtained from the MoRoNet. While data related to the resident population, were obtained from the website of the National Institute of Statistics. The estimated DALYs was calculated using the Burden of Communicable Diseases in Europe toolkit. The results are expressed in DALYs per year, per case and per 100,000 subjects, for acute illness and for sequelae. Results: The estimated incidence in mean for the entire period was 52.50 cases per year. Resulting in an average loss of 3.10 DALYs per year. Conclusions: The data obtained from this analysis provide important information on the impact of measles in the Umbria region, and offer useful data to the Health Authorities that can be used to reduce measles incidence in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Gianfredi
- Post graduate School of Hygiene and Public Health, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia..
| | - Massimo Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Igino Fusco Moffa
- Local Health Unit Umbria 1, Department of Prevention, Travel Medicine Unit, Perugia, Italy .
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Colucci ME, Affanni P, Cantarelli A, Caruso L, Bracchi MT, Capobianco E, Zoni R, Paini G, Odone A, Mohieldin Mahgoub Ibrahim MM, Veronesi L. Influenza vaccine effectiveness in children: a retrospective study on eight post-pandemic seasons with trivalent inactivated vaccine. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2020; 91:63-70. [PMID: 32275269 PMCID: PMC7975907 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i3-s.9424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background and aim of the work: The global burden of disease attributable to seasonal influenza virus in children is difficult to quantify. Children with chronic medical conditions and healthy children may experience severe or fatal complications. Aim of the study was to estimate the influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) in a cohort of outpatient children. Methods: From 2010 to 2018, a Pediatrician of Parma from the InfluNet network of Emilia-Romagna Region, performed nasal/throat swabs on every child with Influenza-like illness at least 14 days from the vaccination with trivalent vaccine. VE estimates against influenza season, virus type and subtype and age group were evaluated using a test-negative design. Results: 2,480 swabs were performed. The 57.6% of the analyzed swabs were positive for influenza viruses. Type A (57%) and type B viruses (43%) co-circulated. The 37.1% of type A viruses belonged to subtype A(H3N2), 19.4% to subtype A(H1N1)pdm09. The subtype A(H3N2) was prevalent among children up to 23 months (42.4%) while the type B in the 2-4 (40.7%) and 5-16 year old age groups (49.4%). Overall, 19.9% of the children were vaccinated. The highest prevalence of vaccinated subjects was found in children aged 5-16 (30.5%). The VE against subtype A(H1N1)pdm09 was 63% (95%CI 42.6-76.0), against type B 27.5% (95%CI 7.9-42.9) and against subtype A(H3N2) -14.3% (95%CI - 46.0-10.7). Conclusions: Our findings represent a useful contribution to the ongoing debate about the appropriateness of including influenza vaccination for healthy children, 6 months and older, in the updating National Vaccine Prevention Plan (PNPV).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paola Affanni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma.
| | | | - Luca Caruso
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma.
| | | | | | - Roberta Zoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma.
| | - Giulia Paini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma.
| | - Anna Odone
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan.
| | | | - Licia Veronesi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma.
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Bucci D, Rossi D, Croci R, Bellini L, Bonaldi F, Capraro M, Frascella B, Gaetti G, Granata L, Solla D, Stirparo G, Bizzarro A, Bordin G, Odone A, Capolongo S, Pasquarella C, Pelissero G, Signorelli C. The campaign "This Is Public Health" in Italy, set up by a team of Public Health Schools in Northern Italy. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2020; 91:171-174. [PMID: 32275286 PMCID: PMC7975906 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i3-s.9508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Despite the great effort to raise awareness among health promotion, nowadays Public Health policies are not often recognized as important tools. For this reason, the Health in All Policies (HiAP) approach is instrumental in tackling this information gap. In 2018, the US Association of Schools & Programs of Public Health (ASPPH) launched an international campaign called “This is Public Health” (TIPH), whose aim was “to brand public health and raise awareness of how it affects individuals, communities and populations”. The Association of Schools of Public Health in the European Region (ASPHER), in coordination with ASPPH, decided to create a European campaign to support and to reproduce the American one, by opening a challenge among the European Public Health Schools. The Schools and Programs of PH of Vita-Salute “San Raffaele” University, Milan, University of Parma, University of Pavia and Politecnico of Milan won this bid. In this “briefing on” we present a report on the Italian project for raising awareness of Public Health among general population and health care personell.
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Croci R, Rossi D, Colucci ME, Odone A, Signorelli C. Trends in childhood vaccinations coverage in Lombardy Region after the National Vaccine Prevention Plan (2017-19) and the new law on mandatory vaccinations. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2020; 91:71-76. [PMID: 32275270 PMCID: PMC7975904 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i3-s.9458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In Italy, over the last decade, the spread of vaccine hesitancy has caused a steep decrease in vaccination coverage rates, both at the national and regional level. In this study, we pool and critically analyze childhood immunization coverage rates (2011-2018) in Lombardy, Italy’s most populated region, and compare them to national trends. Overall, childhood vaccination coverage in Lombardy is slightly higher the Italian national average. In 2017, the law on mandatory vaccinations came into force, acting as a powerful tool for coverage increase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anna Odone
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan.
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Werneck AO, Fernandes RA, Silva DR. Economic crises, behavioral changes and hospitalization due to affective disorders in Brazil between 2003 and 2017: a nationwide cross-sectional study. SAO PAULO MED J 2020; 138:167-170. [PMID: 32294714 PMCID: PMC9662836 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2019.0127.r2.19112019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to analyze hospitalization due to affective disorders in Brazil from 2003 to 2017 and the possible association with economic indicators during crises. We used data on hospitalizations due to affective disorders within the Brazilian National Health System, obtained from DATASUS; data on health-related behavior (television-viewing and physical activity) from the VIGITEL database; and economic data from the World Bank database. We found that the numbers of hospitalizations increased one year after the 2009 crisis and one year after the 2016 crisis. Negative changes in health-related behavior also followed changes in the numbers of hospitalizations due to affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Oliveira Werneck
- MSc. Researcher, Grupo de Investigações Científicas Relacionados à Atividade Física (GICRAF), Laboratório de Investigação em Exercício (LIVE), Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente (SP), Brazil.
| | - Rômulo Araújo Fernandes
- PhD. Associate Professor, Grupo de Investigações Científicas Relacionados à Atividade Física (GICRAF), Laboratório de Investigação em Exercício (LIVE), Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente (SP), Brazil.
| | - Danilo Rodrigues Silva
- PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão (SE), Brazil.
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26
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Health and the effect of universal health coverage in Italy. Lancet Public Health 2019; 4:e597-e598. [PMID: 31759895 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(19)30206-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Signorelli C, Odone A, Oradini-Alacreu A, Pelissero G. Universal Health Coverage in Italy: lights and shades of the Italian National Health Service which celebrated its 40th anniversary. Health Policy 2019; 124:69-74. [PMID: 31812325 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The Italian National Health Service (I-NHS) was established in 1978 to guarantee universal access to healthcare. Prominent in international reports, the I-NHS has reached a satisfactory level of efficiency and excellent standards of care in many regions, in forty years. Along the years, I-NHS has developed a structural public-private partnership in health services delivery that in some regions contributes to the achievement of very high standards of healthcare quality. However, the I-NHS is currently facing some major challenges: (a) Italy is experiencing a remarkable aging of its population with increasing health needs; (b) the recent and constant cuts to public expenditures are reducing the budget for welfare. It is of utmost importance to ensure that on-going efforts to contain health system costs do not subsume health care quality. In addition, monitoring of the essential levels of care (Livelli Essenziali di Assistenza, LEA) highlights significant differences in healthcare delivery among Italian regions that, in turns, contribute to the burdensome migration of patients to best-performing regions. Therefore, a more consolidated and ambitious approach to quality monitoring and healthcare improvement at a system level is needed to guarantee its sustainability in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Signorelli
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy.
| | - A Odone
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - A Oradini-Alacreu
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - G Pelissero
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Leinsalu M, Reile R, Stickley A. Economic fluctuations and long-term trends in depression: a repeated cross-sectional study in Estonia 2004-2016. J Epidemiol Community Health 2019; 73:1026-1032. [PMID: 31406016 PMCID: PMC6877707 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2018-211939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background In the 2000s, the Baltic countries experienced unprecedented credit-driven economic growth that was followed by a deep recession. This study examined the impact of profound macroeconomic changes on population mental health in Estonia in 2004–2016. Methods Data on 17 794 individuals in the 20–64 age group were obtained from seven nationally representative cross-sectional surveys. The prevalence of past 30-day depression was calculated for men and women further stratified by sociodemographic characteristics. Multivariable regression analysis was used to assess whether these characteristics were associated with the yearly variation in depression. Results In 2006, the adjusted prevalence ratio for depression was 0.77 (95% CI 0.64 to 0.93) for men and 0.85 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.97) for women as compared with 2004; in 2010, the prevalence ratio as compared with 2008 for both men and women was 1.22 (95% CIs 1.04 to 1.43 and 1.09 to 1.37, respectively). Among men, the increase in the prevalence of depression in 2008–2010 was statistically significant for 35–64 year olds, ethnic Estonians, those who were married, mid-educated or were employed, whereas among women, a significant increase was observed in 50–64 year olds, Estonians and non-Estonians, those who were not-married, were highly educated or mid-educated, in the mid-income group or were employed. Conclusions Population mental health is responsive to macroeconomic changes. In less wealthy high-income countries, the greater impact of recession on depression among advantaged groups may relate to a higher debt burden coupled with job insecurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mall Leinsalu
- Stockholm Centre for Health and Social Change, Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden .,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Rainer Reile
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Andrew Stickley
- Stockholm Centre for Health and Social Change, Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Mattei G, Pistoresi B. Unemployment and suicide in Italy: evidence of a long-run association mitigated by public unemployment spending. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS : HEPAC : HEALTH ECONOMICS IN PREVENTION AND CARE 2019; 20:569-577. [PMID: 30542937 DOI: 10.1007/s10198-018-1018-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
From the mid-1990s on, the suicide rate in Italy declined steadily, then apparently rose again after the onset of the Great Recession, along with a sharp increase in unemployment. The aim of this study is to test the association between the suicide rate and unemployment (i.e., the unemployment rate for males and females in the period 1977-2015, and the long-term unemployment rate in the period 1983-2012) in Italy, by means of cointegration techniques. The analysis was adjusted for public unemployment spending (referring to the period 1980-2012). The study identified a long-run relationship between the suicide rate and long-term unemployment. On the other hand, an association between suicide and unemployment rate emerged, though statistically weaker. A 1% increase in long-term unemployment increases the suicide rate by 0.83%, with a long-term effect lasting up to 18 years. Public unemployment spending (as percentage of the Italian gross domestic product) may mitigate this association: when its annual growth rate is higher than 0.18%, no impact of unemployment on suicide in detectable. A decrease in the suicide rate is expected for higher amounts of social spending, which may be able to compensate for the reduced level of social integration resulting from unemployment, helping the individual to continue to integrate into society. A corollary of this is that austerity in times of economic recession may exacerbate the impact of the economic downturn on mental health. However, a specific "flexicurity" system (intended as a combination of high employment protection, job satisfaction and labour-market policies) may have a positive impact on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Mattei
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi, 287, 41125, Modena, Italy.
- Department of Economics and Marco Biagi Foundation, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via J. Berengario, 51, 41121, Modena, Italy.
| | - Barbara Pistoresi
- Department of Economics and ReCent, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Viale Berengario 51, Modena, Italy
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Mattei G, Pistoresi B, De Vogli R. Impact of the economic crises on suicide in Italy: the moderating role of active labor market programs. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2019; 54:201-208. [PMID: 30421039 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-018-1625-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the association between unemployment and suicide in Italy during the years 1990-2014, with a peculiar focus on the great recession (GR) and the role played by social protection as buffering mechanism against the negative effect on health outcomes. METHODS Fixed effects panel regressions were used to assess the association between changes in unemployment rate and suicide rates. Additional models investigated the role of active labor market programs (ALMPs) as possible moderators of the association. Analyses were carried out for both males and females, stratified by age and region. RESULTS The negative time-trend displayed by suicide rate in Italy until 2007 was slowed down by changes in unemployment at the beginning of the GR, when this trend reversed and the rate of suicide started increasing. Male workers aged 25-64 and women aged 55-64 years were affected by both "normal" unemployment rate fluctuations as well as severe economic crises. Women aged 35-44 were only influenced by the latter. Men benefit from ALMPs mainly in Central Italy, while women did not benefit significantly from ALMPs. CONCLUSIONS In Italy, economic downturns were associated with increased suicides mainly among men, while severe economic crises were associated with increased suicides among both men and women. ALMPs showed to be effective in moderating the association between unemployment and suicide among men aged 45-54 only in Central Italy. The overall small effectiveness of such programs may be due to lack of sufficient funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Mattei
- "Marco Biagi" Department of Economics and Marco Biagi Foundation, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via J. Berengario, 51, 41121, Modena, Italy.,Section of Psychiatry, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi, 287, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Barbara Pistoresi
- Department of Economics, RECent, Center for Economic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emila, Viale Berengario 51, 41121, Modena, Italy.
| | - Roberto De Vogli
- Department of Social Psychology and Development and Human Rights Centre, University of Padova, Via Venezia, 12, 35131, Padova, Italy
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Mattei G, Sacchi V, Alfieri S, Bisi A, Colombini N, Ferrari S, Giubbarelli G, Gobba F, Modenese A, Pingani L, Rigatelli M, Rossetti M, Venturi G, Starace F, Galeazzi GM. Stakeholders' views on vocational rehabilitation programs: a call for collaboration with Occupational Health Physicians. LA MEDICINA DEL LAVORO 2018; 109:201-9. [PMID: 29943751 PMCID: PMC7689794 DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v109i3.6844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The triple-dip recession taking place in Italy in 2008-2014 impacted negatively on health, mainly by increasing the rate of unemployment. This increased the prevalence of mental health disorders, while reducing the number of available places on vocational rehabilitation programs (VRPs) delivered by the psychiatric services. OBJECTIVES To explore the different points of views of stakeholders (namely, users and professionals) involved in VRPs developed inside an Italian Community Mental Health Center (CMHC). METHODS A sample of users, psychiatrists, educators and nurses of an Italian CMHC involved in VRPs took part in a focus group. Content analysis was performed with MAXQDA 12, by developing a hierarchical code system a posteriori (i.e., derived from the data). The respondent validation phase was carried out by means of a multiple-choice questionnaire, administered to all participants. RESULTS A total of 86 emerging issues were coded, divided into two macro-areas: Positive and Negative Reinforcements (48 contributions, 56%, and 38 contributions, 44%, respectively), further subdivided into three areas: professional (service) factors, personal (i.e, user-related) factors, and work environment features (including relationships in the workplace). Some contributions raised issues concerning occupational health protection (e.g. need of information about the rights and duties of the users-workers, as well as the risks they are exposed to in the workplace). CONCLUSIONS The analysis suggested to address specific issues concerning work and VRPs by means of psycho-education group interventions currently carried out at CMHCs, and pointed to the need to foster collaboration between mental health professionals and the occupational health physician of the company where the VRP is started and where the user might be employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Mattei
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy and "Marco Biagi" Department of Economics and Marco Biagi Foundation, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy and Association for Research in Psychiatry, Castelnuovo Rangone (Modena), Italy.
| | - Valentina Sacchi
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy - Via del Pozzo, 71 - 41124 Modena (Italy).
| | - Salvatore Alfieri
- Department of Mental Health and Drug Abuse, AUSL Modena, Modena, Italy.
| | - Antonella Bisi
- Department of Mental Health and Drug Abuse, AUSL Modena, Modena, Italy.
| | - Niccolò Colombini
- Department of Mental Health and Drug Abuse, AUSL Modena, Modena, Italy.
| | - Silvia Ferrari
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy - Via del Pozzo, 71 - 41124 Modena (Italy).
| | - Giuseppe Giubbarelli
- Occupational Health Medicine Unit, Sassuolo General Hospital, Sassuolo (Modena), Italy - Via F. Ruini 2 - 41049 Sassuolo (Modena).
| | - Fabriziomaria Gobba
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy - Via G. Campi, 287 - 41125 Modena (Italy).
| | - Alberto Modenese
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy - Via G. Campi, 287 - 41125 Modena (Italy).
| | - Luca Pingani
- Human Resources, Local Health Agency, Via Giovanni Amendola, 2 - 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy..
| | - Marco Rigatelli
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy - Via del Pozzo, 71 - 41124 Modena (Italy).
| | - Marisa Rossetti
- Department of Mental Health and Drug Abuse, AUSL Modena, Modena, Italy.
| | - Giulia Venturi
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy - Via del Pozzo, 71 - 41124 Modena (Italy).
| | - Fabrizio Starace
- Department of Mental Health and Drug Abuse, AUSL Modena, Modena, Italy.
| | - Gian Maria Galeazzi
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy - Via del Pozzo, 71 - 41124 Modena (Italy).
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Grappasonni I, Scuri S, Tanzi E, Kracmarova L, Petrelli F. The economic crisis and lifestyle changes: a survey on frequency of use of medications and of preventive and specialistic medical care, in the Marche Region (Italy). ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2018; 89:87-92. [PMID: 29633748 PMCID: PMC6357618 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v89i1.7068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background and aim: In the words of one observer, one of the many effects of the economic downturn has been a “health system shock” marked by reductions in the availability of healthcare resources and increases in the demand for health services. The financial situation influences negatively the low-income family groups, particularly those who normally use the government provided primary prevention services. The goal of this study was to assess the impact of the global recession on the use of medicines and medical investigation recession in different areas of the Marche Region. Methods: An anonymous questionnaire prepared by the National Institute of Statistics, modified and validated by the University of Camerino, has been distributed to junior highschool students of Central Italy to provide a statistically representative sample of families. The questionnaire has been administered in 2016-2017. Results: This article examines the results about healthcare habits, specifically, regarding medicines and medical examinations. Data obtained emphasize a reduction in the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The parents category showed the higher change in medicines use (72.9%). Comparing the data of the Fabriano area with that of the Civitanova Marche area, Fabriano reported a greater reduction in the frequency of taking medicine. Concerning the medical examinations, half of the respondents (62.5%), indicated that they and their family members have regular medical check-up. Conclusions: Respondents who admitted that the economic crisis had reduced their quality of life indicated that the parents were the ones who had experienced the greatest change. This is confirmed by the information on the reduced frequency of medicine use, which affected the parents more than the children, whom they sought to protect and safeguard the most. This reduction was most marked in the Fabriano area. In contrast, in the Civitanova Marche area, with different socioeconomic characteristics, an increase in the use of all the categories of medicines was reported. Concerning visits the situation in the Marche Region appears encouraging. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda Grappasonni
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, University of Camerino (Italy).
| | - Stefania Scuri
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, University of Camerino (Italy).
| | - Elisabetta Tanzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milano (Italy).
| | - Lenka Kracmarova
- Regional Hospital of T. Bata in Zlin, Hospital Pharmacy (Czech Republic).
| | - Fabio Petrelli
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, University of Camerino (Italy).
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