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Kimmins S, Anderson RA, Barratt CLR, Behre HM, Catford SR, De Jonge CJ, Delbes G, Eisenberg ML, Garrido N, Houston BJ, Jørgensen N, Krausz C, Lismer A, McLachlan RI, Minhas S, Moss T, Pacey A, Priskorn L, Schlatt S, Trasler J, Trasande L, Tüttelmann F, Vazquez-Levin MH, Veltman JA, Zhang F, O'Bryan MK. Frequency, morbidity and equity - the case for increased research on male fertility. Nat Rev Urol 2024; 21:102-124. [PMID: 37828407 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00820-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Currently, most men with infertility cannot be given an aetiology, which reflects a lack of knowledge around gamete production and how it is affected by genetics and the environment. A failure to recognize the burden of male infertility and its potential as a biomarker for systemic illness exists. The absence of such knowledge results in patients generally being treated as a uniform group, for whom the strategy is to bypass the causality using medically assisted reproduction (MAR) techniques. In doing so, opportunities to prevent co-morbidity are missed and the burden of MAR is shifted to the woman. To advance understanding of men's reproductive health, longitudinal and multi-national centres for data and sample collection are essential. Such programmes must enable an integrated view of the consequences of genetics, epigenetics and environmental factors on fertility and offspring health. Definition and possible amelioration of the consequences of MAR for conceived children are needed. Inherent in this statement is the necessity to promote fertility restoration and/or use the least invasive MAR strategy available. To achieve this aim, protocols must be rigorously tested and the move towards personalized medicine encouraged. Equally, education of the public, governments and clinicians on the frequency and consequences of infertility is needed. Health options, including male contraceptives, must be expanded, and the opportunities encompassed in such investment understood. The pressing questions related to male reproductive health, spanning the spectrum of andrology are identified in the Expert Recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kimmins
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- The Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- The Département de Pathologie et Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Richard A Anderson
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christopher L R Barratt
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Hermann M Behre
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Sarah R Catford
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Geraldine Delbes
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Armand-Frappier Sante Biotechnologie, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael L Eisenberg
- Department of Urology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nicolas Garrido
- IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Brendan J Houston
- School of BioSciences and Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Niels Jørgensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Csilla Krausz
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, 'Mario Serio', University of Florence, University Hospital of Careggi Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ariane Lismer
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert I McLachlan
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash IVF Group, Richmond, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suks Minhas
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Imperial, London, UK
| | - Tim Moss
- Healthy Male and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Allan Pacey
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Lærke Priskorn
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stefan Schlatt
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jacquetta Trasler
- Departments of Paediatrics, Human Genetics and Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Center for the Investigation of Environmental Hazards, Department of Paediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frank Tüttelmann
- Institute of Reproductive Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Mónica Hebe Vazquez-Levin
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina, Fundación IBYME, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Joris A Veltman
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Feng Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Moira K O'Bryan
- School of BioSciences and Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia.
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Jiang Y, Jin L, Huang B, Wu L, Ren X, He H. Cumulative live birth rate and neonatal outcomes after early rescue ICSI: a propensity score matching analysis. Hum Reprod Open 2023; 2023:hoad046. [PMID: 38098746 PMCID: PMC10719215 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoad046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is early rescue ICSI (E-RICSI) an effective and safe technique compared to conventional ICSI? SUMMARY ANSWER Despite the higher multi-pronucleus (PN) rate compared to conventional ICSI, E-RICSI did not add extra risks to clinical and neonatal outcomes. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Based on the finding that the second polar body was released in 80% of fertilized oocytes by 4 h after exposure to spermatozoa and in ∼90% of fertilized oocytes by 6 h, E-RICSI brings forward the timing of rescue ICSI to 6 h after initial insemination, and effectively prevents oocyte aging and embryo-uterus asynchrony. However, some researchers still voice concerns about the efficacy and safety of E-RICSI, and comparative studies are limited. STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent conventional ICSI or E-RICSI treatment between January 2015 and December 2020 at a university-affiliated hospital. Using 1:1 propensity score matching, 1496 cases entered each group. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS In total, 1496 couples undergoing conventional ICSI oocyte retrieval cycles and 1496 undergoing E-RICSI oocyte retrieval cycles were enrolled in this study, and basic clinical characteristics, embryologic data, clinical outcomes and neonatal data were compared between groups. The embryos in the E-RICSI group were divided into two subgroups: those fertilized by iIVF (IVF subgroup) and those fertilized by E-RICSI (E-RICSI subgroup); the embryologic data, clinical outcomes, and neonatal data for these subgroups were also compared with the conventional ICSI group. Logistic regression was used for statistical analysis with potential confounder adjustment. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The 2PN rate, blastocyst formation rate, and viable blastocyst formation rate of the E-RICSI group were significantly lower compared to the conventional ICSI group (2PN rate: P < 0.001; blastocyst formation rate: P < 0.001; viable blastocyst formation rate: P = 0.004), and the multi-PN rate in the E-RICSI group was significantly higher than the conventional ICSI group (P < 0.001). However, the number of 2PN embryos, normal cleavage embryo rate, Day 3 high-quality cleavage embryo rate, and high-quality blastocyst rate were similar between groups. When considering the IVF embryos and E-RCSI embryos in the E-RICSI group independently, the 2PN rate of the conventional ICSI group was significantly lower than E-RICSI subgroup but higher than the IVF subgroup, whereas the blastocyst formation rate and viable blastocyst formation rate were higher than E-RICSI embryos but comparable to IVF embryos. As for the clinical and neonatal outcomes, the implantation rate of the E-RICSI subgroup was significantly lower than the IVF subgroup but comparable to the conventional ICSI group, while the low birthweight (LBW) rate was significantly lower compared with the conventional ICSI group but similar with the IVF subgroup. No other differences were observed among the three groups for cumulative clinical pregnancy rate, cumulative live birth rate, and the pregnancy outcomes per transfer including clinical pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, and live birth, either in fresh or frozen embryo transfer cycles. Furthermore, neonatal outcomes, including cesarean section, sex ratio, LBW, preterm birth, and macrosomia, were similar among groups. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION This study is limited by the retrospective design, limited sample size, and short follow-up period. However, our study underlies the need for large-scale, multi-center randomized controlled trials with long-term follow-up. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Short-term insemination (3 h) combined with E-RICSI may be a safe and effective method to prevent the occurrence of total fertilization failure, and patients with normal or borderline sperm could be encouraged to try IVF first. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This study was supported by grants from the National Key & Development Program of China (No. 2021YFC2700603) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81801443). The authors declare no conflicts of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Jiang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medicine College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Jin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medicine College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Huang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medicine College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medicine College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinling Ren
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medicine College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui He
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medicine College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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Henningsen AKA, Opdahl S, Wennerholm UB, Tiitinen A, Rasmussen S, Romundstad LB, Bergh C, Gissler M, Forman JL, Pinborg A. Risk of congenital malformations in live-born singletons conceived after intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a Nordic study from the CoNARTaS group. Fertil Steril 2023; 120:1033-1041. [PMID: 37442533 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the risk of major congenital malformations is higher in live-born singletons conceived with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) compared with in vitro fertilization (IVF)? DESIGN Nordic register-based cohort study. SETTING Cross-linked data from Medical Birth Registers and National ART and Patient Registers in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Data were included from the year the first child conceived using ICSI was born: Sweden, 1992; Denmark, 1994; and Norway, 1996. Data were included until 2014 for Denmark and 2015 for Norway and Sweden. PATIENT(S) All live-born singletons conceived using fresh ICSI (n = 32,484); fresh IVF (n = 47,178); without medical assistance (n = 4,804,844); and cryo-ICSI (n = 7,200) during the study period. INTERVENTION(S) Different in vitro conception methods, and cryopreservation of embryos. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Risk of major congenital malformations on the basis of International Classification of Diseases codes. The European Concerted Action on Congenital Anomalies and Twins was used to differentiate between major and minor malformations. RESULT(S) Among singletons conceived using fresh ICSI, 6.0% had a major malformation, compared with 5.3% of children conceived using fresh IVF; 4.2% of children conceived without medical assistance; and 4.9% of children conceived using cryo-ICSI; adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.14) in ICSI vs. IVF; and AOR 1.28 (95% CI, 1.23-1.35) in ICSI vs. no medical assistance; and AOR 1.11 (95% CI, 0.99-1.26) in ICSI fresh vs. cryo-ICSI. When malformations were grouped by different organ systems, children conceived using ICSI had a higher risk of respiratory and chromosomal malformations compared with children conceived using IVF, but there were very few cases in each group. When categorizing children conceived using ICSI according to treatment indication (male factor infertility only vs. other indications), we found a higher risk of hypospadias when ICSI was performed because of male factor infertility only (AOR 1.85 [95% CI 1.03-332]). The indications for ICSI changed over time, as male factor infertility did not remain the primary indication for ICSI throughout the study period. CONCLUSION(S) In this large cohort study, we found the risk of major malformations in live-born singletons to be slightly higher after fresh ICSI compared with fresh IVF. These findings should be considered when choosing the assisted reproductive technology method for couples without male factor infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Signe Opdahl
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ulla-Britt Wennerholm
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Aila Tiitinen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Steen Rasmussen
- Fertility Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Christina Bergh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mika Gissler
- Department of Knowledge Brokers, THL Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Region Stockholm, Academic Primary Health Care Centre, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julie Lyng Forman
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja Pinborg
- Fertility Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Machado LS, Borges CM, de Lima MA, Sangalli JR, Therrien J, Pessôa LVDF, Fantinato Neto P, Perecin F, Smith LC, Meirelles FV, Bressan FF. Exogenous OCT4 and SOX2 Contribution to In Vitro Reprogramming in Cattle. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2577. [PMID: 37761017 PMCID: PMC10526180 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms of cell reprogramming by pluripotency-related transcription factors or nuclear transfer seem to be mediated by similar pathways, and the study of the contribution of OCT4 and SOX2 in both processes may help elucidate the mechanisms responsible for pluripotency. Bovine fibroblasts expressing exogenous OCT4 or SOX2, or both, were analyzed regarding the expression of pluripotency factors and imprinted genes H19 and IGF2R, and used for in vitro reprogramming. The expression of the H19 gene was increased in the control sorted group, and putative iPSC-like cells were obtained when cells were not submitted to cell sorting. When sorted cells expressing OCT4, SOX2, or none (control) were used as donor cells for somatic cell nuclear transfer, fusion rates were 60.0% vs. 64.95% and 70.53% vs. 67.24% for SOX2 vs. control and OCT4 vs. control groups, respectively; cleavage rates were 66.66% vs. 81.68% and 86.47% vs. 85.18%, respectively; blastocyst rates were 33.05% vs. 44.15% and 52.06% vs. 44.78%, respectively. These results show that the production of embryos by NT resulted in similar rates of in vitro developmental competence compared to control cells regardless of different profiles of pluripotency-related gene expression presented by donor cells; however, induced reprogramming was compromised after cell sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Simões Machado
- Post-Graduate Program of Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (L.S.M.); (C.M.B.); (M.A.d.L.); (L.C.S.); (F.V.M.)
| | - Camila Martins Borges
- Post-Graduate Program of Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (L.S.M.); (C.M.B.); (M.A.d.L.); (L.C.S.); (F.V.M.)
| | - Marina Amaro de Lima
- Post-Graduate Program of Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (L.S.M.); (C.M.B.); (M.A.d.L.); (L.C.S.); (F.V.M.)
| | - Juliano Rodrigues Sangalli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (J.R.S.); (L.V.d.F.P.); (P.F.N.); (F.P.)
| | - Jacinthe Therrien
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 7C6, Canada;
| | - Laís Vicari de Figueiredo Pessôa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (J.R.S.); (L.V.d.F.P.); (P.F.N.); (F.P.)
| | - Paulo Fantinato Neto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (J.R.S.); (L.V.d.F.P.); (P.F.N.); (F.P.)
| | - Felipe Perecin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (J.R.S.); (L.V.d.F.P.); (P.F.N.); (F.P.)
| | - Lawrence Charles Smith
- Post-Graduate Program of Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (L.S.M.); (C.M.B.); (M.A.d.L.); (L.C.S.); (F.V.M.)
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 7C6, Canada;
| | - Flavio Vieira Meirelles
- Post-Graduate Program of Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (L.S.M.); (C.M.B.); (M.A.d.L.); (L.C.S.); (F.V.M.)
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (J.R.S.); (L.V.d.F.P.); (P.F.N.); (F.P.)
| | - Fabiana Fernandes Bressan
- Post-Graduate Program of Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (L.S.M.); (C.M.B.); (M.A.d.L.); (L.C.S.); (F.V.M.)
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Ahmadi H, Aghebati-Maleki L, Rashidiani S, Csabai T, Nnaemeka OB, Szekeres-Bartho J. Long-Term Effects of ART on the Health of the Offspring. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13564. [PMID: 37686370 PMCID: PMC10487905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) significantly increase the chance of successful pregnancy and live birth in infertile couples. The different procedures for ART, including in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), intrauterine insemination (IUI), and gamete intrafallopian tube transfer (GIFT), are widely used to overcome infertility-related problems. In spite of its inarguable usefulness, concerns about the health consequences of ART-conceived babies have been raised. There are reports about the association of ART with birth defects and health complications, e.g., malignancies, high blood pressure, generalized vascular functional disorders, asthma and metabolic disorders in later life. It has been suggested that hormonal treatment of the mother, and the artificial environment during the manipulation of gametes and embryos may cause genomic and epigenetic alterations and subsequent complications in the health status of ART-conceived babies. In the current study, we aimed to review the possible long-term consequences of different ART procedures on the subsequent health status of ART-conceived offspring, considering the confounding factors that might account for/contribute to the long-term consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Ahmadi
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Medical School, Pécs University, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (H.A.); (T.C.)
| | - Leili Aghebati-Maleki
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665931, Iran;
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665931, Iran
| | - Shima Rashidiani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical School, Pécs University, 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Timea Csabai
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Medical School, Pécs University, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (H.A.); (T.C.)
- János Szentágothai Research Centre, Pécs University, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Endocrine Studies, Centre of Excellence, Pécs University, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Human Reproduction, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Obodo Basil Nnaemeka
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pécs University, 7621 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Julia Szekeres-Bartho
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Medical School, Pécs University, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (H.A.); (T.C.)
- János Szentágothai Research Centre, Pécs University, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Endocrine Studies, Centre of Excellence, Pécs University, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Human Reproduction, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- MTA—PTE Human Reproduction Research Group, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
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Non-invasive preimplantation genetic testing for conventional IVF blastocysts. J Transl Med 2022; 20:396. [PMID: 36058949 PMCID: PMC9441092 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03596-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggested that non-invasive preimplantation genetic testing (niPGT) for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) blastocysts can be used to identify chromosomal ploidy and chromosomal abnormalities. Here, we report the feasibility and performance of niPGT for conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) blastocysts. METHODS This was a prospective observational study. In the preclinical stage, whole genome amplification and NGS were performed using the sperm spent culture medium (SCM). Then, trophectoderm (TE) biopsies and corresponding SCM derived from 27 conventional IVF monopronuclear embryos were collected. In the clinical stage, samples from 25 conventional IVF cycles and 37 ICSI cycles from April 2020-August 2021 were collected for performance evaluation. RESULTS Preclinically, we confirmed failed sperm DNA amplification under the current amplification system. Subsequent niPGT from the 27 monopronuclear blastocysts showed 69.2% concordance with PGT results of corresponding TE biopsies. In the clinical stage, no paternal contamination was observed in any of the 161 SCM samples from conventional IVF. While maternal contamination was observed in 29.8% (48/161) SCM samples, only 2.5% (4/161) samples had a contamination ratio ≥ 50%. Compared with that of TE biopsy, the performances of NiPGT from 161 conventional IVF embryos and 122 ICSI embryos were not significantly different (P > 0.05), with ploidy concordance rates of 75% and 74.6% for IVF and ICSI methods, respectively. Finally, evaluation of the euploid probability of embryos with different types of niPGT results showed prediction probabilities of 82.8%, 77.8%, 62.5%, 50.0%, 40.9% and 18.4% for euploidy, sex-chromosome mosaics only, low-level mosaics, multiple abnormal chromosomes, high-level mosaics and aneuploidy, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our research results preliminarily confirm that the niPGT approach using SCM from conventional IVF has comparable performance with ICSI and might broadening the application scope of niPGT.
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Khosravizadeh Z, Khodamoradi K, Rashidi Z, Jahromi M, Shiri E, Salehi E, Talebi A. Sperm cryopreservation and DNA methylation: possible implications for ART success and the health of offspring. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:1815-1824. [PMID: 35713751 PMCID: PMC9428082 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-022-02545-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the beneficial effects of sperm cryopreservation, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during this process can affect spermatozoon structure and function. Moreover, ROS production is associated with elevated DNA damage and alterations in DNA methylation. There is little information about the effects of cryopreservation on epigenetic modulation in sperm and the health of children born with frozen spermatozoa. Considering the potential consequences of cryopreservation in ART-conceived children, it is necessary to assure that cryopreservation does not modify sperm DNA methylation status. This review summarizes reports on epigenetic modifications of spermatozoa during cryopreservation and the probable effects of this process on offspring health. Contradictory results have reported the influence of sperm cryopreservation on DNA methylation in imprinted genes. Multiclinical studies with larger sample sizes under the same conditions of cryopreservation and DNA methylation analysis are needed to make any definitive conclusion about the effect of the cryopreservation process on sperm DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khosravizadeh
- grid.468130.80000 0001 1218 604XClinical Research Development Unit, Amiralmomenin Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Kajal Khodamoradi
- grid.26790.3a0000 0004 1936 8606Department of Urology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL USA
| | - Zahra Rashidi
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran ,grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Malihe Jahromi
- grid.411757.10000 0004 1755 5416Clinical Research Development Center, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Elham Shiri
- grid.411950.80000 0004 0611 9280Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ensieh Salehi
- grid.412237.10000 0004 0385 452XFertility and Infertility Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ali Talebi
- grid.444858.10000 0004 0384 8816School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran ,grid.444858.10000 0004 0384 8816Sexual Health and Fertility Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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Lafontaine S, Sirard MA. IGF2R, KCNQ1, PLAGL1, and SNRPN DNA methylation is completed in bovine by the early antral follicle stage. Mol Reprod Dev 2022; 89:290-297. [PMID: 35698757 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Imprinted genes are inherited with different DNA methylation patterns depending on the maternal or paternal origin of the allele. In cattle (Bos taurus), abnormal methylation of these genes is linked to the large offspring syndrome, a neonatal overgrowth phenotype analogous to the human Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. We hypothesized that in bovine oocytes, some of the methylation patterns on maternally imprinted genes are acquired in the last phase of folliculogenesis. The pyrosequencing analysis of IGF2R, KCNQ1, PLAGL1, and SNRPN imprinted genes showed no clear progression of methylation in oocytes from follicles 1-2 mm (late pre antral/early antral) and up. Instead, these oocytes displayed complete methylation at the imprinted differentially methylated regions (>80%). Other mechanisms related to imprint maintenance should be investigated to explain the hypomethylation at IGF2R, KCNQ1, PLAGL1, and SNRPN maternally imprinted sites observed in some bovine embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lafontaine
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Département des Sciences Animales, Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc-André Sirard
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Département des Sciences Animales, Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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9
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Catford SR, Halliday J, Lewis S, O'Bryan MK, Handelsman DJ, Hart RJ, McBain J, Rombauts L, Amor DJ, Saffery R, McLachlan RI. Reproductive function in men conceived with in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Fertil Steril 2022; 117:727-737. [PMID: 35120745 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the semen quality and reproductive hormones of men conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) compared with men conceived without assisted reproductive technology (ART). DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING IVF centers in Victoria and the Western Australian Raine Study. PATIENT(S) Men conceived with IVF/ICSI and men conceived without ART aged 18-25 years. INTERVENTION(S) Clinical review. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The primary outcome was the prevalence of severe oligozoospermia (sperm concentration, <5 million/mL). The secondary outcomes were total sperm count, total and progressive motility, total motile count, normal morphology, and serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). RESULTS There was no difference in the prevalence of severe oligozoospermia between 120 men conceived with IVF/ICSI and 356 men conceived without ART (9% vs. 5.3%). Men conceived with IVF/ICSI had similar sperm concentration, total sperm count, and total motile count but lower mean total (55.3% vs. 60.6%) and progressive (44.7% vs. 53.9%) sperm motility with higher mean normal morphology (8.5% vs. 5.4%). Differences in progressive motility (ß, -9.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], -16.7 - -3.0), normal morphology (ß, 4.3; 95% CI, 3.0-5.7), and proportion with abnormal morphology (adjusted odds ratios, 0.1; 95% CI, 0.04-0.5) remained significant after adjusting for confounders. Men conceived with IVF/ICSI had lower mean FSH (3.3 IU/L) and LH (3.9 IU/L) levels and higher mean testosterone levels (19.1 nmol/L) than controls (4.2 IU/L, 11.0 IU/L, and 16.8 nmol/L). CONCLUSION This study of men conceived with IVF/ICSI found similar sperm output to men conceived without ART. Overall, the results are reassuring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Catford
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Jane Halliday
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sharon Lewis
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Moira K O'Bryan
- The School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David J Handelsman
- ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney and Department of Andrology, Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roger J Hart
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - John McBain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne IVF, East Melbourne, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Luk Rombauts
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Monash IVF Group Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David J Amor
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robert I McLachlan
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Monash IVF Group Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Australia
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10
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Horánszky A, Becker JL, Zana M, Ferguson-Smith AC, Dinnyés A. Epigenetic Mechanisms of ART-Related Imprinting Disorders: Lessons From iPSC and Mouse Models. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111704. [PMID: 34828310 PMCID: PMC8620286 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The rising frequency of ART-conceived births is accompanied by the need for an improved understanding of the implications of ART on gametes and embryos. Increasing evidence from mouse models and human epidemiological data suggests that ART procedures may play a role in the pathophysiology of certain imprinting disorders (IDs), including Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Silver-Russell syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, and Angelman syndrome. The underlying molecular basis of this association, however, requires further elucidation. In this review, we discuss the epigenetic and imprinting alterations of in vivo mouse models and human iPSC models of ART. Mouse models have demonstrated aberrant regulation of imprinted genes involved with ART-related IDs. In the past decade, iPSC technology has provided a platform for patient-specific cellular models of culture-associated perturbed imprinting. However, despite ongoing efforts, a deeper understanding of the susceptibility of iPSCs to epigenetic perturbation is required if they are to be reliably used for modelling ART-associated IDs. Comparing the patterns of susceptibility of imprinted genes in mouse models and IPSCs in culture improves the current understanding of the underlying mechanisms of ART-linked IDs with implications for our understanding of the influence of environmental factors such as culture and hormone treatments on epigenetically important regions of the genome such as imprints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Horánszky
- BioTalentum Ltd., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; (A.H.); (M.Z.)
- Department of Physiology and Animal Health, Institute of Physiology and Animal Health, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Jessica L. Becker
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK; (J.L.B.); (A.C.F.-S.)
| | - Melinda Zana
- BioTalentum Ltd., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; (A.H.); (M.Z.)
| | - Anne C. Ferguson-Smith
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK; (J.L.B.); (A.C.F.-S.)
| | - András Dinnyés
- BioTalentum Ltd., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; (A.H.); (M.Z.)
- Department of Physiology and Animal Health, Institute of Physiology and Animal Health, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
- HCEMM-USZ Stem Cell Research Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine, H-6723 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-20-510-9632; Fax: +36-28-526-151
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11
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Yeung EH, Mendola P, Sundaram R, Zeng X, Guan W, Tsai MY, Robinson SL, Stern JE, Ghassabian A, Lawrence D, O'Connor TG, Segars J, Gore-Langton RE, Bell EM. Conception by fertility treatment and offspring deoxyribonucleic acid methylation. Fertil Steril 2021; 116:493-504. [PMID: 33823999 PMCID: PMC8349775 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation at birth and in childhood differ by conception using assisted reproductive technologies (ART) or ovulation induction compared with those in children conceived without fertility treatment. DESIGN Upstate KIDS is a matched exposure cohort which oversampled on newborns conceived by treatment. SETTING New York State (excluding New York City). PATIENT(S) This analysis included 855 newborns and 152 children at approximately 9 years of age. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) DNA methylation levels were measured using the Illumina EPIC platform. Single CpG and regional analyses at imprinting genes were conducted. RESULT(S) Compared to no fertility treatment, ART was associated with lower mean DNA methylation levels at birth in 11 CpGs (located in/near SYCE1, SPRN, KIAA2013, MYO1D, GET1/WRB-SH4BGR, IGF1R, SORD, NECAB3/ACTL10, and GET1) and higher mean methylation level in 1 CpG (KLK4; all false discovery rate P<.05). The strongest association (cg17676129) was located at SYCE1, which codes for a synaptonemal complex that plays a role in meiosis and therefore infertility. This CpG remained associated with newborn hypomethylation when the analysis was limited to those conceived with ICSI, but this may be because of underlying male infertility. In addition, nine regions in maternally imprinted genes (IGF1R, PPIEL, SVOPL GNAS, L3MBTL, BLCAP, HYMAI/PLAGL1, SNU13, and MEST) were observed to have decreased mean DNA methylation levels among newborns conceived by ART. In childhood, hypomethylation of the maternally imprinted gene, GNAS, persisted. No CpGs or regions were associated with ovulation induction. CONCLUSION(S) ART but not ovulation induction was associated with hypomethylation at birth, but only one difference at an imprinting region appeared to persist in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwina H Yeung
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Pauline Mendola
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Rajeshwari Sundaram
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Sonia L Robinson
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Judy E Stern
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Akhgar Ghassabian
- Departments of Pediatrics, Population Health, and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - David Lawrence
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany School of Public Health, Albany, New York
| | - Thomas G O'Connor
- Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, Neuroscience, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - James Segars
- Howard W. and Georgeanna Seegar Jones Laboratory of Reproductive Sciences and Women's Health Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins Medical University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Erin M Bell
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany School of Public Health, Albany, New York
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12
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Persad E, O'Loughlin CA, Kaur S, Wagner G, Matyas N, Hassler-Di Fratta MR, Nussbaumer-Streit B. Surgical or radiological treatment for varicoceles in subfertile men. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021; 4:CD000479. [PMID: 33890288 PMCID: PMC8408310 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd000479.pub6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Varicoceles are associated with male subfertility; however, the mechanisms by which varicoceles affect fertility have yet to be satisfactorily explained. Several treatment options exist, including surgical or radiological treatment, however the safest and most efficient treatment remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of surgical and radiological treatment of varicoceles on live birth rate, adverse events, pregnancy rate, varicocele recurrence, and quality of life amongst couples where the adult male has a varicocele, and the female partner of childbearing age has no fertility problems. SEARCH METHODS We searched the following databases on 4 April 2020: the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL. We also searched the trial registries and reference lists of articles. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) if they were relevant to the clinical question posed and compared different forms of surgical ligation, different forms of radiological treatments, surgical treatment compared to radiological treatment, or one of these aforementioned treatment forms compared to non-surgical methods, delayed treatment, or no treatment. We extracted data if the studies reported on live birth, adverse events, pregnancy, varicocele recurrence, and quality of life. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Screening of abstracts and full-text publications, alongside data extraction and 'Risk of bias' assessment, were done dually using the Covidence software. When we had sufficient data, we calculated random-effects (Mantel-Haenszel) meta-analyses; otherwise, we reported results narratively. We used the I2 statistic to analyse statistical heterogeneity. We planned to use funnel plots to assess publication bias in meta-analyses with at least 10 included studies. We dually rated the risk of bias of studies using the Cochrane 'Risk of bias' tool, and the certainty of evidence for each outcome using the GRADE approach. MAIN RESULTS We identified 1897 citations after de-duplicating the search results. We excluded 1773 during title and abstract screening. From the 113 new full texts assessed in addition to the 10 studies (11 references) included in the previous version of this review, we included 38 new studies, resulting in a total of 48 studies (59 references) in the review providing data for 5384 participants. Two studies (three references) are ongoing studies and two studies are awaiting classification. Treatment versus non-surgical, non-radiological, delayed, or no treatment Two studies comparing surgical or radiological treatment versus no treatment reported on live birth with differing directions of effect. As a result, we are uncertain whether surgical or radiological treatment improves live birth rates when compared to no treatment (risk ratio (RR) 2.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.19 to 26.93; 2 RCTs, N = 204; I2 = 74%, very low-certainty evidence). Treatment may improve pregnancy rates compared to delayed or no treatment (RR 1.55, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.26; 13 RCTs, N = 1193; I2 = 65%, low-certainty evidence). This suggests that couples with no or delayed treatment have a 21% chance of pregnancy, whilst the pregnancy rate after surgical or radiological treatment is between 22% and 48%. We identified no evidence on adverse events, varicocele recurrence, or quality of life for this comparison. Surgical versus radiological treatment We are uncertain about the effect of surgical versus radiological treatment on live birth and on the following adverse events: hydrocele formation, pain, epididymitis, haematoma, and suture granuloma. We are uncertain about the effect of surgical versus radiological treatment on pregnancy rate (RR 1.13, 95% CI 0.75 to 1.70; 5 RCTs, N = 456, low-certainty evidence) and varicocele recurrence (RR 1.31, 95% CI 0.82 to 2.08; 3 RCTs, N = 380, low-certainty evidence). We identified no evidence on quality of life for this comparison. Surgery versus other surgical treatment We identified 19 studies comparing microscopic subinguinal surgical treatment to any other surgical treatment. Microscopic subinguinal surgical treatment probably improves pregnancy rates slightly compared to other surgical treatments (RR 1.18, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.36; 12 RCTs, N = 1473, moderate-certainty evidence). This suggests that couples with microscopic subinguinal surgical treatment have a 10% to 14% chance of pregnancy after treatment, whilst the pregnancy rate in couples after other surgical treatments is 10%. This procedure also probably reduces the risk of varicocele recurrence (RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.29, 0.79; 14 RCTs, N = 1565, moderate-certainty evidence). This suggests that 0.4% to 1.1% of men undergoing microscopic subinguinal surgical treatment experience recurrent varicocele, whilst 1.4% of men undergoing other surgical treatments do. Results for the following adverse events were inconclusive: hydrocele formation, haematoma, abdominal distension, testicular atrophy, wound infection, scrotal pain, and oedema. We identified no evidence on live birth or quality of life for this comparison. Nine studies compared open inguinal surgical treatment to retroperitoneal surgical treatment. Due to small sample sizes and methodological limitations, we identified neither treatment type as superior or inferior to the other regarding adverse events, pregnancy rates, or varicocele recurrence. We identified no evidence on live birth or quality of life for this comparison. Radiological versus other radiological treatment One study compared two types of radiological treatment (sclerotherapy versus embolisation) and reported 13% varicocele recurrence in both groups. Due to the broad confidence interval, no valid conclusion could be drawn (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.16 to 6.20; 1 RCT, N = 30, very low-certainty evidence). We identified no evidence on live birth, adverse events, pregnancy, or quality of life for this comparison. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Based on the limited evidence, it remains uncertain whether any treatment (surgical or radiological) compared to no treatment in subfertile men may be of benefit on live birth rates; however, treatment may improve the chances for pregnancy. The evidence was also insufficient to determine whether surgical treatment was superior to radiological treatment. However, microscopic subinguinal surgical treatment probably improves pregnancy rates and reduces the risk of varicocele recurrence compared to other surgical treatments. High-quality, head-to-head comparative RCTs focusing on live birth rate and also assessing adverse events and quality of life are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Persad
- Cochrane Austria, Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Clare Aa O'Loughlin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Wellington Hospital, Capital & Coast District Health Board, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Simi Kaur
- The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gernot Wagner
- Cochrane Austria, Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Nina Matyas
- Cochrane Austria, Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
| | | | - Barbara Nussbaumer-Streit
- Cochrane Austria, Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
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13
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Catford SR, Lewis S, Halliday J, Kennedy J, O'Bryan MK, McBain J, Amor DJ, Rombauts L, Saffery R, Hart RJ, McLachlan RI. Health and fertility of ICSI-conceived young men: study protocol. Hum Reprod Open 2020; 2020:hoaa042. [PMID: 33033755 PMCID: PMC7532549 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoaa042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTIONS What are the long-term health and reproductive outcomes for young men conceived using ICSI whose fathers had spermatogenic failure (STF)? Are there epigenetic consequences of ICSI conception? WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Currently, little is known about the health of ICSI-conceived adults, and in particular the health and reproductive potential of ICSI-conceived men whose fathers had STF. Only one group to date has assessed semen parameters and reproductive hormones in ICSI-conceived men and suggested higher rates of impaired semen quality compared to spontaneously conceived (SC) peers. Metabolic parameters in this same cohort of men were mostly comparable. No study has yet evaluated other aspects of adult health. STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION This cohort study aims to evaluate the general health and development (aim 1), fertility and metabolic parameters (aim 2) and epigenetic signatures (aim 3) of ICSI-conceived sons whose fathers had STF (ICSI study group). There are three age-matched control groups: ICSI-conceived sons whose fathers had obstructive azoospermia (OAZ) and who will be recruited in this study, as well as IVF sons and SC sons, recruited from other studies. Of 1112 ICSI parents including fathers with STF and OAZ, 78% (n = 867) of mothers and 74% (n = 823) of fathers were traced and contacted. Recruitment of ICSI sons started in March 2017 and will finish in July 2020. Based on preliminary participation rates, we estimate the following sample size will be achieved for the ICSI study group: mothers n = 275, fathers n = 225, sons n = 115. Per aim, the sample sizes of OAZ-ICSI (estimated), IVF and SC controls are: Aim 1-OAZ-ICSI: 28 (maternal surveys)/12 (son surveys), IVF: 352 (maternal surveys)/244 (son surveys), SC: 428 (maternal surveys)/255 (son surveys); Aim 2-OAZ-ICSI: 12, IVF: 72 (metabolic data), SC: 391 (metabolic data)/365 (reproductive data); Aim 3-OAZ-ICSI: 12, IVF: 71, SC: 292. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS Eligible parents are those who underwent ICSI at one of two major infertility treatment centres in Victoria, Australia and gave birth to one or more males between January 1994 and January 2000. Eligible sons are those aged 18 years or older, whose fathers had STF or OAZ, and whose parents allow researchers to approach sons. IVF and SC controls are age-matched men derived from previous studies, some from the same source population. Participating ICSI parents and sons complete a questionnaire, the latter also undergoing a clinical assessment. Outcome measures include validated survey questions, physical examination (testicular volumes, BMI and resting blood pressure), reproductive hormones (testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, FSH, LH), serum metabolic parameters (fasting glucose, insulin, lipid profile, highly sensitive C-reactive protein) and semen analysis. For epigenetic and future genetic analyses, ICSI sons provide specimens of blood, saliva, sperm and seminal fluid while their parents provide a saliva sample. The primary outcomes of interest are the number of mother-reported hospitalisations of the son; son-reported quality of life; prevalence of moderate-severe oligozoospermia (sperm concentration <5 million/ml) and DNA methylation profile. For each outcome, differences between the ICSI study group and each control group will be investigated using multivariable linear and logistic regression for continuous and binary outcomes, respectively. Results will be presented as adjusted odds ratios and 95% CIs. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This study is funded by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Partnership Grant (NHMRC APP1140706) and was partially funded by the Monash IVF Research and Education Foundation. L.R. is a minority shareholder and the Group Medical Director for Monash IVF Group, and reports personal fees from Monash IVF group and Ferring Australia, honoraria from Ferring Australia, and travel fees from Merck Serono, MSD and Guerbet; R.J.H. is the Medical Director of Fertility Specialists of Western Australia and has equity in Western IVF; R.I.M. is a consultant for and a shareholder of Monash IVF Group and S.R.C. reports personal fees from Besins Healthcare and non-financial support from Merck outside of the submitted work. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Not applicable. TRIAL REGISTRATION DATE Not applicable. DATE OF FIRST PATIENT’S ENROLMENT Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Catford
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - S Lewis
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - J Halliday
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - J Kennedy
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - M K O'Bryan
- The School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia
| | - J McBain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Melbourne IVF, East Melbourne 3002, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - D J Amor
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - L Rombauts
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Monash IVF Group Pty Ltd, Melbourne 3121, Australia
| | - R Saffery
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - R J Hart
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia.,Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Claremont 6010, Australia
| | - R I McLachlan
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Monash IVF Group Pty Ltd, Melbourne 3121, Australia
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14
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Zhang ZP, Zhang JT, Huang SC, He XY, Deng LX. Double sperm cloning (DSC) is a promising strategy in mammalian genetic engineering and stem cell research. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:388. [PMID: 32894201 PMCID: PMC7487873 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01907-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are promising tools for meeting the personalized requirements of regenerative medicine. However, some obstacles need to be overcome before clinical trials can be undertaken. First, donor cells vary, and the reprogramming procedures are diverse, so standardization is a great obstacle regarding SCNT and iPSCs. Second, somatic cells derived from a patient may carry mitochondrial DNA mutations and exhibit telomere instability with aging or disease, and SCNT-ESCs and iPSCs retain the epigenetic memory or epigenetic modification errors. Third, reprogramming efficiency has remained low. Therefore, in addition to improving their success rate, other alternatives for producing ESCs should be explored. Producing androgenetic diploid embryos could be an outstanding strategy; androgenic diploid embryos are produced through double sperm cloning (DSC), in which two capacitated sperms (XY or XX, sorted by flow cytometer) are injected into a denucleated oocyte by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to reconstruct embryo and derive DSC-ESCs. This process could avoid some potential issues, such as mitochondrial interference, telomere shortening, and somatic epigenetic memory, all of which accompany somatic donor cells. Oocytes are naturally activated by sperm, which is unlike the artificial activation that occurs in SCNT. The procedure is simple and practical and can be easily standardized. In addition, DSC-ESCs can overcome ethical concerns and resolve immunological response matching with sperm providers. Certainly, some challenges must be faced regarding imprinted genes, epigenetics, X chromosome inactivation, and dosage compensation. In mice, DSC-ESCs have been produced and have shown excellent differentiation ability. Therefore, the many advantages of DSC make the study of this process worthwhile for regenerative medicine and animal breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jun-Tao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Shu-Cheng Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiu-Yuan He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Li-Xin Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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15
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Kumar TR, Reusch JEB, Kohrt WM, Regensteiner JG. Sex Differences Across the Lifespan: A Focus on Cardiometabolism. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2020; 29:899-909. [PMID: 32423340 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2020.8408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Women's health and sex differences research remain understudied. In 2016, to address the topic of sex differences, the Center for Women' s Health Research (CWHR) at the University of Colorado (cwhr@ucdenver.edu) held its inaugural National Conference, "Sex Differences Across the Lifespan: A Focus on Metabolism" and published a report summarizing the presentations. Two years later, in 2018, CWHR organized the 2nd National Conference. The research presentations and discussions from the 2018 conference also addressed sex differences across the lifespan with a focus on cardiometabolism and expanded the focus by including circadian physiology and effects of sleep on cardiometabolic health. Over 100 participants, including basic scientists, clinicians, policymakers, advocacy group leaders, and federal agency leadership participated. The meeting proceedings reveal that although exciting advances in the area of sex differences have taken place, significant questions and gaps remain about women's health and sex differences in critical areas of health. Identifying these gaps and the subsequent research that will result may lead to important breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Rajendra Kumar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jane E B Reusch
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Center for Women's Health Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Veterans Administration Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Wendy M Kohrt
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Center for Women's Health Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Judith G Regensteiner
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Center for Women's Health Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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16
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Khosravizadeh Z, Hassanzadeh G, Tavakkoly Bazzaz J, Alizadeh F, Totonchi M, Salehi E, Khodamoradi K, Khanehzad M, Hosseini SR, Abolhassani F. The effect of cryopreservation on DNA methylation patterns of the chromosome 15q11-q13 region in human spermatozoa. Cell Tissue Bank 2020; 21:433-445. [PMID: 32253620 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-020-09828-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Human sperm cryopreservation is a common technique which is used in assisted reproductive technologies. Despite the existence of evidence supporting the production of ROS and DNA fragmentation during sperm cryopreservation, there is little and equivocal information about the cryopreservation effects on methylation of imprinted genes and imprinting control regions. In this study, we have investigated the effects of cryopreservation on DNA methylation in promoter regions of SNURF-SNRPN and UBE3A imprinted genes, PWS-ICR and AS-ICR in the chromosome 15q11-q13 region. Semen samples from 10 healthy normozoospermic men were collected and each sample was divided into four equal aliquots: fresh, cryoprotectant, cryopreservation, and H2O2. We measured the ROS levels and DNA fragmentation using DCFH-DA and TUNEL assay respectively by flow cytometry. DNA methylation in promoter regions of SNURF-SNRPN and UBE3A imprinted genes, PWS-ICR and AS-ICR in the chromosome 15q11-q13 region were evaluated by quantitative methylation-specific PCR technique. Intracellular levels of ROS and percentage of TUNEL-positive spermatozoa significantly increased in cryopreservation group compared to fresh group. Exposure to cryoprotectant had no significant effect on ROS levels and DNA fragmentation. Neither cryopreservation nor exposure to cryoprotectant significantly affected DNA methylation of the selected gene regions. However, DNA fragmentation had positive correlation with DNA methylation of AS-ICR. In conclusion, based on our study, clinical use of sperm cryopreservation for fertility treatments appear to be safe in regard to DNA methylation in the chromosome 15q11-q13 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khosravizadeh
- Faculty of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, 16 Azar Avenue, Poor Sina Street, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Hassanzadeh
- Faculty of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, 16 Azar Avenue, Poor Sina Street, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Tavakkoly Bazzaz
- Faculty of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 16 Azar Avenue, Poor Sina Street, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Alizadeh
- Faculty of Genomic Psychiatry and Behavioral Genomics (DGPBG), Roozbeh Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, South Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Totonchi
- Faculty of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Royan Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensieh Salehi
- Faculty of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Bandar Abbas, Iran.,Dr. Ali Shariati Hospital, Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Kajal Khodamoradi
- Faculty of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, 16 Azar Avenue, Poor Sina Street, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Khanehzad
- Faculty of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, 16 Azar Avenue, Poor Sina Street, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Hosseini
- Faculty of Urology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Imam Khomeini Street, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farid Abolhassani
- Faculty of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, 16 Azar Avenue, Poor Sina Street, Tehran, Iran.
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17
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Hutanu D, Bechir M, Popescu R. Epigenetics, Assisted Reproduction, and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection: A Review of the Current Data. EUROPEAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.33590/emj/10314660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the birth of the first in vitro fertilisation baby in 1978, >5 million babies have been born worldwide using assisted reproductive technologies (ART). ART were initially considered safe, but, in recent years, concerns regarding the association between these procedures and the increasing incidence of imprinting diseases have developed. There are numerous steps involved in ART and there are many variables that must be considered; even parental infertility may play an important role in offspring epigenetic modifications. This review presents available data from the literature regarding the incidence of these epigenetic modifications after ART, with a primary focus on oocyte insemination methodology. The authors conclude that ART, especially intracytoplasmic sperm injection, may induce epigenetic changes that can be transmitted to the offspring, but additional data are necessary to evaluate the factors involved and to determine the safety of each ART step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Hutanu
- Biology Department, Chemistry-Biology-Geography Faculty, West Univeristy of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
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18
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Williams CL, Bunch KJ, Murphy MFG, Stiller CA, Botting BJ, Wallace WH, Davies MC, Sutcliffe AG. Cancer risk in children born after donor ART. Hum Reprod 2019; 33:140-146. [PMID: 29106578 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dex333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Do children born after donor ART have an increased risk of developing childhood cancer in comparison to the general population? SUMMARY ANSWER This study showed no overall increased risk of childhood cancer in individuals born after donor ART. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Most large population-based studies have shown no increase in overall childhood cancer incidence after non-donor ART; however, other studies have suggested small increased risks in specific cancer types, including haematological cancers. Cancer risk specifically in children born after donor ART has not been investigated to date. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This retrospective cohort study utilized record linkage to determine the outcome status of all children born in Great Britain (1992-2008) after donor ART. The cohort included 12 137 members who contributed 95 389 person-years of follow-up (average follow-up 7.86 years). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Records of all children born in Great Britain (England, Wales, Scotland) after all forms of donor ART (1992-2008) were linked to the UK National Registry of Childhood Tumours (NRCT) to determine the number who subsequently developed cancer by 15 years of age, by the end of 2008. Rates of overall and type specific cancer (selected a priori) were compared with age, sex and calendar year standardized population-based rates, stratifying for potential mediating/moderating factors including sex, age at diagnosis, birth weight, multiple births, maternal previous live births, assisted conception type and fresh/ cryopreserved cycles. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE In our cohort of 12 137 children born after donor ART (52% male, 55% singleton births), no overall increased risk of cancer was identified. There were 12 cancers detected compared to 14.4 expected (standardized incidence ratio (SIR) 0.83; 95% CI 0.43-1.45; P = 0.50). A small, significant increased risk of hepatoblastoma was found, but the numbers and absolute risks were small (<5 cases observed; SIR 10.28; 95% CI 1.25-37.14; P < 0.05). This increased hepatoblastoma risk was associated with low birthweight. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION Although this study includes a large number of children born after donor ART, the rarity of specific diagnostic subgroups of childhood cancer results in few cases and therefore wide CIs for such outcomes. As this is an observational study, it is not possible to adjust for all potential confounders; we have instead used stratification to explore potential moderating and mediating factors, where data were available. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This is the first study to investigate cancer risk in children born after donor ART. Although based on small numbers, results are reassuring for families and clinicians. The small but significant increased risk of hepatoblastoma detected was associated with low birthweight, a known risk factor for this tumour type. It should be emphasized that the absolute risks are very small. However, on-going investigation with a longer follow-up is needed. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was funded by Cancer Research UK (C36038/A12535) and the National Institute for Health Research (405526) and supported by the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust and University College London. The work of the Childhood Cancer Research Group (CCRG) was supported by the charity CHILDREN with CANCER UK, the National Cancer Intelligence Network, the Scottish Government and the Department of Health for England and Wales. There are no competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Williams
- University College London, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1 1EH, UK
| | - K J Bunch
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - M F G Murphy
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - C A Stiller
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Oxford OX4 2GX, UK
| | - B J Botting
- University College London, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1 1EH, UK
| | - W H Wallace
- Paediatric Oncology Department, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 1LF, UK
| | - M C Davies
- Reproductive Medicine Unit, Institute for Women's Health, University College London Hospitals, London NW1 2BU, UK
| | - A G Sutcliffe
- University College London, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1 1EH, UK
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19
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Zhu J, Zhu Q, Wang Y, Wang B, Lyu Q, Kuang Y. Comparative study on risk for birth defects among infants after in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2018; 65:54-60. [PMID: 30526119 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2018.1554012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated with JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated with JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated with JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bian Wang
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated with JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qifeng Lyu
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated with JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanping Kuang
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated with JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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20
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Catford SR, McLachlan RI, O'Bryan MK, Halliday JL. Long-term follow-up of ICSI-conceived offspring compared with spontaneously conceived offspring: a systematic review of health outcomes beyond the neonatal period. Andrology 2018; 6:635-653. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. R. Catford
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research; Clayton VIC Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Monash University; Clayton VIC Australia
- Public Health Genetics; Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Parkville VIC Australia
| | - R. I. McLachlan
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research; Clayton VIC Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Monash University; Clayton VIC Australia
| | - M. K. O'Bryan
- The School of Biological Sciences; Monash University; Clayton VIC Australia
| | - J. L. Halliday
- Public Health Genetics; Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Parkville VIC Australia
- Department of Paediatrics; University of Melbourne; Parkville VIC Australia
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21
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Weinrauch LA, Gerhard-Herman MD, Mendelson MM. Epigenetics: Is the Mode of Conception a Marker for Future Cardiovascular Risk? J Am Coll Cardiol 2018; 72:1275-1277. [PMID: 30190006 PMCID: PMC6357777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larry A Weinrauch
- Kidney and Hypertension Section, E.P. Joslin Research Laboratory, Joslin Diabetes Center, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Marie D Gerhard-Herman
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Vascular Medicine Section, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael M Mendelson
- Preventive Cardiology Program, Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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22
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Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms allow the establishment and maintenance of multiple cellular phenotypes from a single genomic code. At the initiation of development, the oocyte and spermatozoa provide their fully differentiated chromatin that soon after fertilization undergo extensive remodeling, resulting in a totipotent state that can then drive cellular differentiation towards all cell types. These remodeling involves different epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, post-translational modifications of histones, non-coding RNAs, and large-scale chromatin conformation changes. Moreover, epigenetic remodeling is responsible for reprogramming somatic cells to totipotency upon somatic cell nuclear transfer/cloning, which is often incomplete and inefficient. Given that environmental factors, such as assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs), can affect epigenetic remodeling, there is interest in understanding the mechanisms driving these changes. We describe and discuss our current understanding of mechanisms responsible for the epigenetic remodeling that ensues during preimplantation development of mammals, presenting findings from studies of mouse embryos and when available comparing them to what is known for human and cattle embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Rafael V Sampaio
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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23
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Zhao J, Yan Y, Huang X, Li Y. Do the children born after assisted reproductive technology have an increased risk of birth defects? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 33:322-333. [PMID: 30189770 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1488168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have made great progress. However, whether tube baby born after ART were at an increased risk of birth defects is not clear.Objective: To assess whether the ART increases the risk of birth defects in children born after ART.Search strategy: Medline, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library were searched.Selection criteria: Clinical trials that evaluate the risk of birth defect in children born after in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and natural conceptions (NC) were included. The primary outcome was the prevalence of birth defects.Data collection and analysis: The relative risk was used as the summary measure with random effects model. We assessed heterogeneity between studies using the I2 index.Main results: Totally 46 studies were included. The pooled relative risk (RR) estimated suggested there was an increased risk of birth defects in ART compared with the NC group (RR: 1.40; 95% CI 1.31-1.49). Twenty and fifteen studies were included to compare the risk of birth defects between NC and IVF/ICSI, respectively. The results indicated that both IVF and ICSI increase the risk of birth defects (IVF: RR 1.25; 95% CI 1.12-1.40; ICSI: RR 1.29; 95% CI 1.14-1.45). When subgroup according to plurality, 22 studies assessed the risk of birth defects after ART or NC in singletons and 15 studies evaluated the risk of birth defects in twins. The pooled RRs were 1.41 (95% CI 1.30-1.52) and 1.18 (95% CI 0.98-1.42), respectively.Conclusions: Children born after ART were at an increased risk of birth defects compared with NC. There was no difference in birth defects risk between ART twins and NC twins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Yi Yan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xi Huang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Yanping Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
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24
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Mattern F, Heinzmann J, Herrmann D, Lucas-Hahn A, Haaf T, Niemann H. Gene-specific profiling of DNA methylation and mRNA expression in bovine oocytes derived from follicles of different size categories. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:2040-2051. [PMID: 28152377 DOI: 10.1071/rd16327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, play an essential role in the acquisition of full developmental competence by mammalian oocytes during the late follicular growth phase. Here we used the bovine model to investigate the DNA methylation profiles of seven candidate genes (imprinted: bH19, bSNRPN; non-imprinted: bZAR1, bDNMT3A, bOCT4, bDNMT3 Lo and bDNMT3 Ls) and the mRNA expression of nine candidate genes (imprinted: bSNRPN, bPEG3, bIGF2R; non-imprinted: bPRDX1, bDNMT1B, bDNMT3A, bZAR1, bHSF1 and bNLRP9) in oocytes from antral follicles of three different size classes (≤2mm, 3-5mm, ≥6mm) to unravel the epigenetic contribution to this process. We observed an increased number of aberrantly methylated alleles in bH19, bSNRPN and bDNMT3 Lo of oocytes from small antral follicles (≤2mm), correlating with lower developmental competence. Furthermore, we detected an increased frequency of CpG sites with an unclear methylation status for DNMT3 Ls, specifically in oocytes from follicles ≥6mm, predominantly at three CpG positions (CpG2, CpG7 and CpG8), of which CpG7 is a potential regulatory site. No major differences in mRNA expression were observed, indicating that the transcriptional machinery may not yet be active during the follicular growth phase. Our results support the notion that a follicle diameter of ~2mm is a critical stage for establishing DNA methylation profiles and indicate a link between DNA methylation and the acquisition of oocyte developmental competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mattern
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - J Heinzmann
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Animal Health, Mariensee, 31535 Neustadt, Germany
| | - D Herrmann
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Animal Health, Mariensee, 31535 Neustadt, Germany
| | - A Lucas-Hahn
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Animal Health, Mariensee, 31535 Neustadt, Germany
| | - T Haaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - H Niemann
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Animal Health, Mariensee, 31535 Neustadt, Germany
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25
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Goel NJ, Meyers LL, Frangos M. Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B in a patient conceived by in vitro fertilization: another imprinting disorder reported with assisted reproductive technology. J Assist Reprod Genet 2018; 35:975-979. [PMID: 29417303 PMCID: PMC6030019 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-018-1129-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B (PHP1B) is characterized by renal tubular resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH) leading to hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, elevated PTH, and hyperparathyroid bone changes. PHP1B is an imprinting disorder that results from loss of methylation at the maternal GNAS gene, which suppresses transcription of the alpha subunit of the stimulatory G protein of the PTH receptor. Emerging evidence supports an association between assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and imprinting disorders; however, there is currently little evidence linking PHP1B and ART. We present a twin boy conceived by ART to parents with no history of subfertility who presented at age 12 with bilateral slipped capital femoral epiphysis and bilateral genu valgum deformity. Clinical and laboratory investigation revealed markedly elevated PTH, low ionized calcium, elevated phosphorus, TSH resistance, and skeletal evidence of hyperparathyroidism, leading to the diagnosis of PHP1B. A partial loss of methylation at the GNAS exon A/B locus was observed. The patient's dizygotic twin sibling was asymptomatic and had normal laboratory evaluation. This is the second reported case of a child with PHP1B conceived by ART, further supporting the possibility that ART may lead to an increased risk for imprinting defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Goel
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Laura L Meyers
- Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery, Mercy Hospital St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Myrto Frangos
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Mercy Hospital St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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26
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Abstract
Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) is a rare congenital imprinting disorder. The genetic findings in SRS patients are heterogeneous and often sporadic. However, chromosomes 7, 11, and 17 are consistently involved in all individuals who meet the strict diagnostic criteria of SRS. There are many clinical features characteristic of SRS; the most common are low birth weight, short stature, triangular face, clinodactyly, relative macrocephaly, ear anomalies, and skeletal asymmetry.
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27
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Huang HY, Lai YL, Yao DJ. Dielectrophoretic Microfluidic Device for in Vitro Fertilization. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:E135. [PMID: 30424069 PMCID: PMC6187277 DOI: 10.3390/mi9030135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to create a microfluidic platform that uses in vitro fertilization (IVF) and avoids unnecessary damage to oocytes due to the dielectrophoretic force manipulation of the sperms and oocytes that occurs in a traditional IVF operation. The device from this research can serve also to decrease medium volumes, as well as the cost of cell culture under evaporation, and to prevent unnecessary risk in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). To decrease the impact and destruction of the oocyte and the sperm, we adopted a positive dielectrophoretic force to manipulate both the sperms and the oocyte. The mouse oocytes were trapped with a positive dielectrophoretic (p-DEP) force by using Indium Tin Oxide (ITO)-glass electrodes; the ITO-glass electrode chip was fabricated by wet etching the ITO-glass. The polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) flow-focusing microfluidic device was used to generate microdroplets of micrometer size to contain the zygotes. The volume of the microdroplets was controlled by adjusting the flow rates of both inlets for oil and the DEP buffer. As a result, the rate of fertilization was increased by about 5% beyond that of the DEP treatment in traditional IVF, and more than 20% developed to the blastocyst stage with a low sperm-oocyte ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yuan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung University and College of Medicine, 259, Wen-Hua 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Yun-Li Lai
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Da-Jeng Yao
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
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28
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Abdilla Y, Andria Barbara M, Calleja-Agius J. Prader-Willi Syndrome: Background and Management. Neonatal Netw 2018; 36:134-141. [PMID: 28494825 DOI: 10.1891/0730-0832.36.3.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The imprinting disorder, Prader-Willi syndrome, is a condition associated with the gene region 15q11.2-q.13. The phenotype includes multiple characteristics, most of which are endocrine-related. An accurate diagnosis is done mostly through pre- or postnatal genetic testing. Management is mainly aimed at correcting the endocrine dysfunctions present in these patients. Genetic testing is also important to distinguish between the different causes and to calculate the recurrence risk for parents with affected children. Although a lot has been discovered and this syndrome can be managed to a satisfactory degree, further research is still important especially regarding new potential treatments with greater efficiency and reduced invasiveness. The neonatal nurse has an important role because the management requires thorough monitoring as well as high compliance from both the patient and the carers. Thus, it is essential for the neonatal nurse to have a good knowledge of this condition.
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29
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Krieger Y, Wainstock T, Sheiner E, Harlev A, Landau D, Horev A, Bogdanov-Berezovsky A, Walfisch A. Long-term pediatric skin eruption-related hospitalizations in offspring conceived via fertility treatment. Int J Dermatol 2018; 57:317-323. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Krieger
- Department of Plastic Surgery; Soroka University Medical Center; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva Israel
| | - Tamar Wainstock
- Department of Public Health; Faculty of Health Sciences; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva Israel
| | - Eyal Sheiner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Soroka University Medical Center; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva Israel
| | - Avi Harlev
- Fertility and IVF Unit; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Soroka University Medical Center; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva Israel
| | - Daniella Landau
- Department of Neonatology; Soroka University Medical Center; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva Israel
| | - Amir Horev
- Department of Dermatology; Soroka University Medical Center; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva Israel
| | - Alexander Bogdanov-Berezovsky
- Department of Plastic Surgery; Soroka University Medical Center; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva Israel
| | - Asnat Walfisch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Soroka University Medical Center; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva Israel
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Seah MKY, Messerschmidt DM. From Germline to Soma: Epigenetic Dynamics in the Mouse Preimplantation Embryo. Curr Top Dev Biol 2017; 128:203-235. [PMID: 29477164 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
When reflecting about cell fate commitment we think of differentiation. Be it during embryonic development or in an adult stem cell niche, where cells of a higher potency specialize and cell fate decisions are taken. Under normal circumstances this process is definitive and irreversible. Cell fate commitment is achieved by the establishment of cell-type-specific transcriptional programmes, which in turn are guided, reinforced, and ultimately locked-in by epigenetic mechanisms. Yet, this plunging drift in cellular potency linked to epigenetically restricted access to genomic information is problematic for reproduction. Particularly in mammals where germ cells are not set aside early on like in other species. Instead they are rederived from the embryonic ectoderm, a differentiating embryonic tissue with somatic epigenetic features. The epigenomes of germ cell precursors are efficiently reprogrammed against the differentiation trend, only to specialize once more into highly differentiated, sex-specific gametes: oocyte and sperm. Their differentiation state is reflected in their specialized epigenomes, and erasure of these features is required to enable the acquisition of the totipotent cell fate to kick start embryonic development of the next generation. Recent technological advances have enabled unprecedented insights into the epigenetic dynamics, first of DNA methylation and then of histone modifications, greatly expanding the historically technically limited understanding of this processes. In this chapter we will focus on the details of embryonic epigenetic reprogramming, a cell fate determination process against the tide to a higher potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle K Y Seah
- Developmental Epigenetics and Disease Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel M Messerschmidt
- Developmental Epigenetics and Disease Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.
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Lewis S, Kennedy J, Burgner D, McLachlan R, Ranganathan S, Hammarberg K, Saffery R, Amor DJ, Cheung MMH, Doyle LW, Juonala M, Donath S, McBain J, Halliday J. Clinical review of 24-35 year olds conceived with and without in vitro fertilization: study protocol. Reprod Health 2017; 14:117. [PMID: 28931409 PMCID: PMC5607609 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-017-0377-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Children conceived by assisted reproductive technologies (ART) currently comprise 4% of Australian births. The manipulation of biological parameters related to fertilization and implantation are integral to successful ART but potentially pose a risk to the longer-term health of the offspring. There is consensus that many common adult health problems (particularly cardiovascular, metabolic and respiratory conditions) have their origins in early life, possibly before birth, and that risk trajectories track through childhood until clinical disease manifests in adulthood. Early life epigenetic variation may play a role in this process. However little is known about the long-term health of individuals conceived by ART. In a previous study, based on telephone-interviews, we found that young adults conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF) had significantly more maternal reported atopic respiratory, endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic conditions than non-IVF conceived matched controls. Here we outline the protocol for a follow-up biomedical assessment of this cohort and a questionnaire to obtain information on potential confounders. Methods We are conducting a clinical review of an existing, well characterised cohort comprising 547 IVF-conceived adults and 549 matched controls. We are measuring cardiovascular intermediate phenotypes, metabolic parameters and respiratory function, complemented by epigenome-wide DNA methylation analysis. A pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of our proposed protocol and its acceptability to participants. Participants attend a 2–3 h clinical assessment and complete a study-specific online questionnaire. Measurements include: 1) cardiovascular phenotypes: carotid artery intima-media thickness and distensibility, retinal vascular calibre, resting blood pressure, pulse wave velocity and pulse wave analysis; 2) respiratory function: spirometry, plethysmography, multiple breath washout; 3) auxology: height, weight, waist circumference, bio-impedance. Blood is collected for 4) biomarkers of cardiometabolic profile including inflammatory markers and 5) epigenetic analysis. Discussion Recruitment for this clinical review is challenging as many of the participants have moved to regional, interstate or international locations. Additionally, many female participants are pregnant or breastfeeding, and are therefore ineligible. Nevertheless, comprehensive strategies have been developed to optimize recruitment. Given the increasing use of IVF and related technologies, the potential long-term consequences for risk of common adult diseases is an important clinical and public health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Lewis
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Joanne Kennedy
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, 3052, Australia
| | - David Burgner
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robert McLachlan
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, 3168, Australia.,Monash IVF Group, Richmond, 3121, Australia
| | - Sarath Ranganathan
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Monash IVF Group, Richmond, 3121, Australia
| | - Karin Hammarberg
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Victorian Assisted Reproductive Treatment Authority, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David J Amor
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael M H Cheung
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lex W Doyle
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Research Office, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turku and Division of Medicine Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Susan Donath
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John McBain
- Reproductive Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jane Halliday
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Hargreave M, Kjaer SK, Jørgensen ME, Jensen A. Maternal fertility problems and risk for transient neonatal diabetes mellitus. Scand J Public Health 2017; 45:839-845. [PMID: 28707511 DOI: 10.1177/1403494817718073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The study of imprinting disorders in the context of infertility and its treatment is important, as studies have indicated an increased risk. In this study, we evaluated the risk of transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM), defined here as diabetes mellitus presenting within the first six weeks of life, in children born to women with fertility problems. METHODS This nationwide register-based cohort study comprised all 2,107,837 children born in Denmark between 1977 and 2010. Of these, 121,044 (5.7%) children were born to women with fertility problems. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between maternal fertility status and the risk for TNDM. RESULTS A total of 103 children developed TNDM during the follow-up period. Children born to women with fertility problems had an elevated risk for TNDM, after adjustment for birth year, maternal age at birth and parental history of diabetes, although this was not statistically significant (HR = 1.49; 95% CI 0.73-3.03). The risk of children born in the period 1994-2010 (a period with more comprehensive information on maternal fertility problems and with more invasive fertility treatment procedures) was increased almost twofold (HR = 1.92; 95% CI 0.92-4.00) but was still not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that children born to women with fertility problems, particularly after 1993, may be at an elevated risk for TNDM. As the increased risks were not statistically significant, however, the finding may be due to chance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Hargreave
- 1 Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Denmark
| | - Susanne Krüger Kjaer
- 1 Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Denmark.,2 Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marit Eika Jørgensen
- 3 Clinical Epidemiology, Steno Diabetes Center, Denmark.,4 National Institute of Public Health, Southern Denmark University, Denmark
| | - Allan Jensen
- 1 Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Denmark
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33
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The epigenetic effects of assisted reproductive technologies: ethical considerations. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2017; 8:436-442. [DOI: 10.1017/s2040174417000344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) has increased significantly, allowing many coping with infertility to conceive. However, an emerging body of evidence suggests that ART could carry epigenetic risks for those conceived through the use of these technologies. In accordance with the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease hypothesis, ART could increase the risk of developing late-onset diseases through epigenetic mechanisms, as superovulation, fertilization methods and embryo culture could impair the embryo’s epigenetic reprogramming. Such epigenetic risks raise ethical issues for all stakeholders: prospective parents and children, health professionals and society. This paper focuses on ethical issues raised by the consideration of these risks when using ART. We apply two key ethical principles of North American bioethics (respect for autonomy and non-maleficence) and suggest that an ethical tension may emerge from conflicting duties to promote the reproductive autonomy of prospective parents on one hand, and to minimize risks to prospective children on the other. We argue that this tension is inherent to the entire enterprise of ART and thus cannot be addressed by individual clinicians in individual cases. We also consider the implications of the ‘non-identity problem’ in this context. We call for additional research that would allow a more robust evidence base for policy. We also call upon professional societies to provide clinicians with guidelines and educational resources to facilitate the communication of epigenetic risks associated with ART to patients, taking into consideration the challenges of communicating risk information whose validity is still uncertain.
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Laqqan M, Tierling S, Alkhaled Y, Lo Porto C, Solomayer EF, Hammadeh M. Spermatozoa from males with reduced fecundity exhibit differential DNA methylation patterns. Andrology 2017; 5:971-978. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Laqqan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Assisted Reproduction Laboratory; Saarland University; Homburg/Saar Germany
| | - S. Tierling
- Life Science; Department of Genetics & Epigenetics; Saarland University; Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Y. Alkhaled
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Assisted Reproduction Laboratory; Saarland University; Homburg/Saar Germany
| | - C. Lo Porto
- Life Science; Department of Genetics & Epigenetics; Saarland University; Saarbrücken Germany
| | - E. F. Solomayer
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Assisted Reproduction Laboratory; Saarland University; Homburg/Saar Germany
| | - M. Hammadeh
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Assisted Reproduction Laboratory; Saarland University; Homburg/Saar Germany
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35
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Singh VB, Sribenja S, Wilson KE, Attwood KM, Hillman JC, Pathak S, Higgins MJ. Blocked transcription through KvDMR1 results in absence of methylation and gene silencing resembling Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Development 2017; 144:1820-1830. [PMID: 28428215 PMCID: PMC5450836 DOI: 10.1242/dev.145136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The maternally methylated KvDMR1 ICR regulates imprinted expression of a cluster of maternally expressed genes on human chromosome 11p15.5. Disruption of imprinting leads to Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), an overgrowth and cancer predisposition condition. In the majority of individuals with BWS, maternal-specific methylation at KvDMR1 is absent and genes under its control are repressed. We analyzed a mouse model carrying a poly(A) truncation cassette inserted to prevent RNA transcripts from elongation through KvDMR1. Maternal inheritance of this mutation resulted in absence of DNA methylation at KvDMR1, which led to biallelic expression of Kcnq1ot1 and suppression of maternally expressed genes. This study provides further evidence that transcription is required for establishment of methylation at maternal gametic DMRs. More importantly, this mouse model recapitulates the molecular phenotypic characteristics of the most common form of BWS, including loss of methylation at KvDMR1 and biallelic repression of Cdkn1c, suggesting that deficiency of maternal transcription through KvDMR1 may be an underlying cause of some BWS cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vir B Singh
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Sirinapa Sribenja
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Kayla E Wilson
- Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Kristopher M Attwood
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Joanna C Hillman
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Shilpa Pathak
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Michael J Higgins
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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Elhamamsy AR. Role of DNA methylation in imprinting disorders: an updated review. J Assist Reprod Genet 2017; 34:549-562. [PMID: 28281142 PMCID: PMC5427654 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-017-0895-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is a complex epigenetic process that contributes substantially to embryogenesis, reproduction, and gametogenesis. Only small fraction of genes within the whole genome undergoes imprinting. Imprinted genes are expressed in a monoallelic parent-of-origin-specific manner, which means that only one of the two inherited alleles is expressed either from the paternal or maternal side. Imprinted genes are typically arranged in clusters controlled by differentially methylated regions or imprinting control regions. Any defect or relaxation in imprinting process can cause loss of imprinting in the key imprinted loci. Loss of imprinting in most cases has a harmful effect on fetal development and can result in neurological, developmental, and metabolic disorders. Since DNA methylation and histone modifications play a key role in the process of imprinting. This review focuses on the role of DNA methylation in imprinting process and describes DNA methylation aberrations in different imprinting disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Rafat Elhamamsy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31512, Gharbia, Egypt.
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37
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Chapter 19 Cryopreservation Effect on Genetic Function: Neonatal Outcomes. Methods Mol Biol 2017. [PMID: 28421503 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6828-2_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Cryopreservation is a well-established technique commonly used in clinical practice. It is used widely for the conservation of gametes and embryos that will be used later for insemination or in vitro fertilization. However, several studies have shown that this technique can produce changes in messenger RNA levels, in the epigenome and induce DNA damage. Although the embryo has potent mechanisms for DNA repair, and molecular changes in spermatozoa are not necessarily reflected in the embryo, it is important to explore new molecular tests and diagnostic tools to design optimal cryopreservation protocols and avoid undesirable molecular alterations. This chapter describes a protocol to quantify the lesions produced by cryopreservation using a protocol previously published by Rothfuss.
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38
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Xu GF, Liao Y, Li JY, Liu YF, Huang Y, Wu YQ, Liu J, Lv PP, Zhang RJ, Zhang D. Ovarian stimulation perturbs methylation status of placental imprinting genes and reduces blood pressure in the second generation offspring. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2017; 211:140-145. [PMID: 28259006 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S) Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is associated with DNA methylation dysfunction of offspring. However, it is unclear whether ovarian stimulation (OS) is responsible for DNA methylation dysfunction of offspring STUDY DESIGN: We built the first-generation (F1) and second-generation (F2) offspring mice model of ovarian stimulation. Bodyweight of F1 and F2 were measured. Expression levels of several imprinted genes (Impact, H19, Igf2, Plagl1, Mest, and Snrpn) in F1 placenta were tested. Methylation status of Plagl1 and H19 promoters was examined with bisulfite sequencing. Glucose tolerance, blood pressure, and heart rate were evaluated in F2 mice. RESULTS The OS F1 showed elevated bodyweights in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th weeks, but the difference disappeared in the 5th week. Plagl1 was down-regulated in OS F1. Promoters of Plagl1 and H19 were also hypermethylated in OS F1. F2 of OS mice had the similar bodyweight and glucose tolerance compared with the control F2. However, F2 of OS ♂F1+OS♀ F1 showed the decreased systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, and heart rate. CONCLUSIONS Ovarian stimulation perturbs expression levels and methylation status of imprinted genes in offspring. The effect of ovarian stimulation may be passed to F2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gu-Feng Xu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Liao
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Yi Li
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Feng Liu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Qing Wu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping-Ping Lv
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, China
| | - Run-Jv Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, China.
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Xiong X, Dickey RP, Buekens P, Shaffer JG, Pridjian G. Use of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection and Birth Outcomes in Women Conceiving through In Vitro Fertilization. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2017; 31:108-115. [PMID: 28140471 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite questionable evidence of benefits over conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) use has markedly increased in recent decades among couples without male factor infertility. We assessed the frequency of ICSI use and its effect on birth outcomes. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 141 030 women conceiving through IVF using 2006-2010 data from the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART). RESULTS Between 2006 and 2010, overall ICSI use in women conceiving through IVF increased from 68.9% to 73.1%. This increase was greater among women without male factor infertility (53.0-59.2%) than in women with male factor infertility (92.0-93.4%). Women conceiving through IVF with and without ICSI had similar rates of multiple pregnancy, preterm delivery, stillbirth, and neonatal death. However, ICSI pregnancies were associated with an increased risk of birth defects over conventional IVF (3.0% for ICSI vs. 2.5% for conventional IVF; adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2, 1.3). These increases were observed in both women conceiving through ICSI with male factor infertility (3.2% vs. 2.5%; OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.3, 1.5) and without male factor infertility (2.7% vs. 2.5%; OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.1, 1.2). CONCLUSIONS Higher rates of birth defects were observed among women conceiving through ICSI. Since approximately half of all ICSI procedures are performed in couples without male factor infertility, ICSI may be overused in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Xiong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Richard P Dickey
- Section of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, and The Fertility Institute of New Orleans, Mandeville, LA
| | - Pierre Buekens
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Jeffrey G Shaffer
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Gabriella Pridjian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
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Olszewska M, Barciszewska MZ, Fraczek M, Huleyuk N, Chernykh VB, Zastavna D, Barciszewski J, Kurpisz M. Global methylation status of sperm DNA in carriers of chromosome structural aberrations. Asian J Androl 2017; 19:117-124. [PMID: 26908061 PMCID: PMC5227660 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.168684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Male infertility might be clearly associated with aberrant DNA methylation patterns in human spermatozoa. An association between oxidative stress and the global methylation status of the sperm genome has also been suggested. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the global sperm DNA methylation status was affected in the spermatozoa of carriers of chromosome structural aberrations. The relationships between the 5-methylcytosine (m5C) levels in spermatozoa and chromatin integrity status were evaluated. The study patients comprised male carriers of chromosome structural aberrations with reproductive failure (n = 24), and the controls comprised normozoospermic sperm volunteers (n = 23). The global m5C level was measured using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and immunofluorescence (IF) techniques. The sperm chromatin integrity was assessed using aniline blue (AB) staining and TUNEL assay. The mean m5C levels were similar between the investigated chromosome structural aberrations carriers (P) and controls (K). However, sperm chromatin integrity tests revealed significantly higher values in chromosomal rearrangement carriers than in controls (P < 0.05). Although the potential relationship between sperm chromatin integrity status and sperm DNA fragmentation and the m5C level juxtaposed in both analyzed groups (P vs K) was represented in a clearly opposite manner, the low chromatin integrity might be associated with the high hypomethylation status of the sperm DNA observed in carriers of chromosome structural aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Olszewska
- Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| | - Miroslawa Z Barciszewska
- Department of RNA Biology, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
| | - Monika Fraczek
- Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| | - Nataliya Huleyuk
- Institute of Hereditary Pathology, Ukrainian Academy of Medical Sciences, Lysenko Street 31a, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Vyacheslav B Chernykh
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moskvorechie Street 1, 115478 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Danuta Zastavna
- Institute of Hereditary Pathology, Ukrainian Academy of Medical Sciences, Lysenko Street 31a, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Jan Barciszewski
- Department of RNA Biology, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Kurpisz
- Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
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41
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Pathak P, Chandrashekar A, Hakky TS, Pastuszak AW. Varicocele management in the era of in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Asian J Androl 2017; 18:343-8. [PMID: 27030086 PMCID: PMC4854076 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.178482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Varicocele is the most common surgically treatable cause of male infertility, and often results in alterations in semen parameters, sperm DNA damage, and changes to the seminal milieu. Varicocele repair can result in improvement in these parameters in the majority of men with clinical varicocele; data supporting repair in men with subclinical varicocele are less definitive. In couples seeking fertility using assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs), varicocele repair may offer improvement in semen parameters and sperm health that can increase the likelihood of successful fertilization using techniques such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), or may decrease the level of ART needed to achieve successful pregnancy. Male infertility is an indicator of general male health, and evaluation of the infertile male with an eye toward future health can facilitate optimal screening and treatment of these men. Furthermore, varicocele may represent a progressive lesion, offering an argument for its repair, although this is currently unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alexander W Pastuszak
- Scott Department of Urology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Epigenetic Influences During the Periconception Period and Assisted Reproduction. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1014:15-39. [PMID: 28864983 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-62414-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The periconception period starts 6 months before conception and lasts until the tenth week of gestation. In this chapter, we will focus on epigenetic modifications to DNA and gene expression within this period and during assisted reproduction. There are two critical times during the periconception window when significant epigenetic 'reprogramming' occur: one during gametogenesis and another during the pre-implantation embryonic stage. Furthermore, assisted conception treatments, laboratory protocols and culture media can affect the embryo development and birth weights in laboratory animals. There is, however, an ongoing debate as to whether epigenetic changes in humans, causing embryo mal-development, placenta dysfunction and birth defects, result from assisted reproductive technologies or are consequences of pre-existing medical and/or genetic conditions in the parents. The periconception period starts from ovarian folliculogenesis, through resumption of oogenesis, fertilisation, peri-implantation embryo development, embryogenesis until the end of organogenesis. In men, it is the period from spermatogenesis to epididymal sperm storage and fertilisation. Gametes and developing embryos are sensitive to environmental factors during this period, and epigenetic modifications can occur in response to adverse lifestyles and environmental factors. We now know that lifestyle factors such as advanced parentage age, obesity or undernutrition, smoking, excessive alcohol and caffeine intake and recreational drugs used during gamete production and embryogenesis could induce epigenetic alterations, which could impact adversely on pregnancy outcomes and health of the offspring. Furthermore, these can also result in a permanent and irreversible effect in a dose-dependent manner, which can be passed on to the future generations.
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Langenstroth-Röwer D, Gromoll J, Wistuba J, Tröndle I, Laurentino S, Schlatt S, Neuhaus N. De novo methylation in male germ cells of the common marmoset monkey occurs during postnatal development and is maintained in vitro. Epigenetics 2016; 12:527-539. [PMID: 27786608 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1248007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The timing of de novo DNA methylation in male germ cells during human testicular development is yet unsolved. Apart from that, the stability of established imprinting patterns in vitro is controversially discussed. This study aimed at determining the timing of DNA de novo methylation and at assessing the stability of the methylation status in vitro. We employed the marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) as it is considered the best non-human primate model for human testicular development. We selected neonatal, pre-pubertal, pubertal, and adult animals (n = 3, each) and assessed germ cell global DNA methylation levels by 5-methyl cytosine staining, and Alu elements and gene-specific methylation (H19, LIT1, SNRPN, MEST, OCT4, MAGE-A4, and DDX-4) by pyrosequencing. De novo methylation is progressively established during postnatal primate development and continues until adulthood, a process that is different in most other species. Importantly, once established, methylation patterns remained stable, as demonstrated using in vitro cultures. Thus, the marmoset monkey is a unique model for the study of postnatal DNA methylation mechanisms in germ cells and for the identification of epimutations and their causes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jörg Gromoll
- a Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology , Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster , Germany
| | - Joachim Wistuba
- a Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology , Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster , Germany
| | - Ina Tröndle
- a Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology , Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster , Germany
| | - Sandra Laurentino
- a Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology , Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster , Germany
| | - Stefan Schlatt
- a Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology , Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster , Germany
| | - Nina Neuhaus
- a Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology , Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster , Germany
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Chavatte-Palmer P, Robles M, Tarrade A, Duranthon V. Gametes, Embryos, and Their Epigenome: Considerations for Equine Embryo Technologies. J Equine Vet Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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45
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Han JY, Park J, Jang W, Chae H, Kim M, Kim Y. A twin sibling with Prader-Willi syndrome caused by type 2 microdeletion following assisted reproductive technology: A case report. Biomed Rep 2016; 5:18-22. [PMID: 27330749 PMCID: PMC4906703 DOI: 10.3892/br.2016.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a neurobehavioral imprinting disorder, which arises due to an absence of paternally expressed genes within the 15q11.2-q13 region. This occurs via one of the three main genetic mechanisms, as follows: Deletion of the paternally inherited 15q11.2-q13 region, maternal uniparental disomy and imprinting defect. Recent studies have reported an association between imprinting disorders and assisted reproductive technologies (ART). The current study presents a 6-year-old female patient who is a dizygotic twin, in which one was born with de novo microdeletion at 15q11.2-q13.1 following in vitro fertilization. The patient had characteristic facial features including narrow bifrontal diameter, strabismus, downturned mouth, feeding problems and generalized hypotonia during infancy, developmental delay, mental retardation and rapid weight gain. Based upon phenotypic resemblance and the medical records, methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and array-based comparative genome hybridization analyses demonstrate type 2 microdeletion between breaking point 2 (BP2) and BP3, which occur from MKRN3 through HERC2 at 15q11.2-q13.1. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to report a PWS case born following ART reported in South Korea. In addition to previous studies, the present study contributes to the consensus regarding genotype-phenotype comparisons in this respect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yoon Han
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonhong Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Woori Jang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojin Chae
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungshin Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonggoo Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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Zhang Q, Zhang F, Gao HH, Zhang JM. Effects of varicocele on DNA methylation pattern ofH19andSnrpngene in spermatozoa and behavioural characteristics of adult rat offspring. Andrologia 2016; 49. [PMID: 27071665 DOI: 10.1111/and.12591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Q. Zhang
- Radiology Department; Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - F. Zhang
- Radiology Department; Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - H-H. Gao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine; Hospital for Maternity and Child Care of Linyi City; Linyi City China
| | - J-M. Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine; People's Hospital of Laiwu City; Laiwu City China
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Prader-Willi Syndrome: The Disease that Opened up Epigenomic-Based Preemptive Medicine. Diseases 2016; 4:diseases4010015. [PMID: 28933395 PMCID: PMC5456307 DOI: 10.3390/diseases4010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a congenital neurodevelopmental disorder caused by loss of function of paternally expressed genes on chromosome 15 due to paternal deletion of 15q11–q13, maternal uniparental disomy for chromosome 15, or an imprinting mutation. We previously developed a DNA methylation-based PCR assay to identify each of these three genetic causes of PWS. The assay enables straightforward and rapid diagnosis during infancy and therefore allows early intervention such as nutritional management, physical therapy, or growth hormone treatment to prevent PWS patients from complications such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. It is known that various environmental factors induce epigenomic changes during the perinatal period, which increase the risk of adult diseases such as type 2 diabetes and intellectual disabilities. Therefore, a similar preemptive approach as used in PWS would also be applicable to acquired disorders and would make use of environmentally-introduced “epigenomic signatures” to aid development of early intervention strategies that take advantage of “epigenomic reversibility”.
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48
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Change of epigenetic modification and human reproduction. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjr.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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49
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Chavatte-Palmer P, Vialard F, Tarrade A, Dupont C, Duranthon V, Lévy R. [DOHaD and pre- or peri-conceptional programming]. Med Sci (Paris) 2016; 32:57-65. [PMID: 26850608 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20163201010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The pre- and peri-conceptional periods (before and just after fertilization, until the blastocyst stage) are critical in the context of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD). Maternal in vivo environment, in particular nutrition, can disturb the apposition of epigenetic marks throughout gametogenesis, fertilization and the first steps of embryonic development, which are times during which major epigenetic changes take place. The in vitro environment, in the case of assisted reproduction techniques, also affects epigenetic marks. Whilst the embryo is a target of these changes, female and male gametes are both target and vector of these epigenetic changes, thus leading to multigenerational effects. Long term consequences on the phenotype of offspring vary according to the sex of the vector parent, the sex of the individual and the generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Chavatte-Palmer
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - François Vialard
- Unité Gamète-Implantation-Gestation, EA7404 Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines et Centre hospitalier intercommunal de Poissy St-Germain, laboratoire assistance médicale à la procréation-cytogénétique, France
| | - Anne Tarrade
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Charlotte Dupont
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France - APHP, hôpital Jean Verdier, 93140, Bondy, France
| | - Véronique Duranthon
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Rachel Lévy
- APHP, hôpital Jean Verdier, 93140, Bondy, France
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50
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Hoeijmakers L, Kempe H, Verschure PJ. Epigenetic imprinting during assisted reproductive technologies: The effect of temporal and cumulative fluctuations in methionine cycling on the DNA methylation state. Mol Reprod Dev 2016; 83:94-107. [PMID: 26660493 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianne Hoeijmakers
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Hermannus Kempe
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Pernette J. Verschure
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
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