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Catford SR, Halliday J, Lewis S, O'Bryan MK, Handelsman DJ, Hart RJ, McBain J, Rombauts L, Amor DJ, Saffery R, McLachlan RI. The metabolic health of young men conceived using intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Hum Reprod 2022; 37:2908-2920. [PMID: 36166702 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is the metabolic health of men conceived using ICSI different to that of IVF and spontaneously conceived (SC) men? SUMMARY ANSWER ICSI-conceived men aged 18-24 years, compared with SC controls, showed differences in some metabolic parameters including higher resting diastolic blood pressure (BP) and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores, although the metabolic parameters of ICSI- and IVF-conceived singleton men were more comparable. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Some studies suggest that IVF-conceived offspring may have poorer cardiovascular and metabolic profiles than SC children. Few studies have examined the metabolic health of ICSI-conceived offspring. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This cohort study compared the metabolic health of ICSI-conceived men to IVF-conceived and SC controls who were derived from prior cohorts. Participants included 121 ICSI-conceived men (including 100 singletons), 74 IVF-conceived controls (all singletons) and 688 SC controls (including 662 singletons). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Resting systolic and diastolic BP (measured using an automated sphygmomanometer), height, weight, BMI, body surface area and fasting serum metabolic markers including fasting insulin, glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and HOMA-IR were compared between groups. Data were analysed using multivariable linear regression adjusted for various covariates including age and education level. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE After adjusting for covariates, compared to 688 SC controls, 121 ICSI-conceived men had higher diastolic BP (β 4.9, 95% CI 1.1-8.7), lower fasting glucose (β -0.7, 95% CI -0.9 to -0.5), higher fasting insulin (ratio 2.2, 95% CI 1.6-3.0), higher HOMA-IR (ratio 1.9, 95% CI 1.4-2.6), higher HDLC (β 0.2, 95% CI 0.07-0.3) and lower hsCRP (ratio 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.7) levels. Compared to 74 IVF-conceived singletons, only glucose differed in the ICSI-conceived singleton men (β -0.4, 95% CI -0.7 to -0.1). No differences were seen in the paternal infertility subgroups. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The recruitment rate of ICSI-conceived men in this study was low and potential for recruitment bias exists. The ICSI-conceived men, the IVF-conceived men and SC controls were from different cohorts with different birth years and different geographical locations. Assessment of study groups and controls was not contemporaneous, and the measurements differed for some outcomes (BP, insulin, glucose, lipids and hsCRP). WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS These observations require confirmation in a larger study with a focus on potential mechanisms. Further efforts to identify whether health differences are due to parental characteristics and/or factors related to the ICSI procedure are also necessary. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was funded by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Partnership Grant (NHMRC APP1140706) and was partially funded by the Monash IVF Research and Education Foundation. S.R.C. was supported through an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship. R.J.H. is supported by an NHMRC project grant (634457), and J.H. and R.I.M. have been supported by the NHMRC as Senior and Principal Research Fellows respectively (J.H. fellowship number: 1021252; R.I.M. fellowship number: 1022327). L.R. is a minority shareholder and the Group Medical Director for Monash IVF Group, and reports personal fees from Monash IVF Group and Ferring Australia, honoraria from Ferring Australia and travel fees from Merck Serono and MSD and Guerbet; R.J.H. is the Medical Director of Fertility Specialists of Western Australia and has equity in Western IVF; R.I.M. is a consultant for and shareholder of Monash IVF Group and S.R.C. reports personal fees from Besins Healthcare and nonfinancial support from Merck outside of the submitted work. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Catford
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Halliday
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Lewis
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M K O'Bryan
- The School of BioSciences and Bio21 Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D J Handelsman
- The ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Andrology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - R J Hart
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - J McBain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Melbourne IVF, East Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - L Rombauts
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash IVF Group Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D J Amor
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R Saffery
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R I McLachlan
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash IVF Group Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Australia
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Mansell T, Bekkering S, Magnussen C, Vlahos A, Harcourt B, Mccallum Z, Kao KT, Sabin M, Juonala M, Saffery R, Burgner D, Saner C. GlycA but not CRP is an inflammatory biomarker of longitudinal changes in BMI and adiposity in adolescents with obesity. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bekkering S, Saner C, Novakovic B, McCallum Z, Netea MG, Riksen NP, Sabin MA, Saffery R, Burgner DP. Functional and transcriptional differences in monocytes from children with obesity compared to children of healthy weight. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and aim
Cardiometabolic risk accrues across the entire life course and childhood is a key epoch for effective prevention. Obesity in childhood is the most prevalent modifiable risk factor for later cardiovascular disease (CVD). Inflammatory biomarkers and innate immune capacity are increased in adults with obesity, but childhood data are scarce. We aimed to investigate (i) innate immune cell activation in children with and without obesity; and (ii) whether weight loss impacts the innate immune inflammatory phenotype.
Methods
The innate immune phenotype of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) from 31 children with obesity (BMI z-score>2.5) and 22 children of healthy weight (−1.5≤BMIz≤1.5, sex, age and pubertal stage matched) was characterized by high dimensional flow cytometry, ex vivo stimulation assays with subsequent 27-plex cytokine measurements, and transcriptome analysis using RNA sequencing (Figure 1). Children with obesity participated to the Royal Children's Hospital Weight Management Service (median 5 years) and at follow-up, PBMCs were obtained again as well as anthropometric data and subclinical cardiovascular phenotypes.
Results
Flow cytometric analysis showed marked differences in cell composition between children with obesity and children of healthy weight. Specifically, children with obesity have significant changes in monocyte subsets and an increased expression of monocyte activation markers. Upon stimulation, monocytes of children with obesity show an increased cytokine production capacity. Finally, transcriptomic analysis shows significant differences between monocytes from obese children and healthy controls. Effects of weight loss on these immune parameters and correlations with preclinical CVD phenotypes are currently being analysed.
Conclusions
Monocytes from children with obesity have a pro-inflammatory phenotype compared to children of normal weight. Heightened inflammation may contribute to increased CVD risk later in life and may offer opportunities for early intervention.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Other. Main funding source(s): Dutch Scientific Organisation (NWO) - Rubicon grant to S.B. Dutch Heart Foundation - CVON IN CONTROL II to N.P.R. and D.B. Figure 1. Schematical overview of study
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bekkering
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - C Saner
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Inflammatory Origins, Melbourne, Australia
| | - B Novakovic
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Disease Epigenetics, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Z McCallum
- Royal Children's Hospital, Endocrinology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M G Netea
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - N P Riksen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands (The)
| | - M A Sabin
- Royal Children's Hospital, Endocrinology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R Saffery
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Disease Epigenetics, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D P Burgner
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Inflammatory Origins, Melbourne, Australia
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Fransquet PD, Lacaze P, Saffery R, Shah RC, Vryer R, Murray A, Woods RL, Ryan J. Accelerated Epigenetic Aging in Peripheral Blood does not Predict Dementia Risk. Curr Alzheimer Res 2021; 18:443-451. [PMID: 34429046 DOI: 10.2174/1567205018666210823100721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is strong evidence that epigenetic age acceleration is associated with increased risk of later-life diseases and all-cause mortality. However, there is currently limited evidence that suggests accelerated epigenetic age is associated with dementia risk. OBJECTIVE This study aims to clarify whether epigenetic biomarkers of accelerated aging can predict dementia risk, which is an important consideration as aging is the greatest risk factor for the disease. METHODS DNA methylation was measured in peripheral blood samples provided by 160 participants from the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly study, including 73 pre-symptomatic dementia cases and 87 controls matched for age, sex, and smoking and education status. Epigenetic age was calculated using Horvath, Hannum, GrimAge and PhenoAge DNA methylation clocks, and age acceleration (the disparity between chronological age and epigenetic age) was determined. RESULTS There was no difference in age acceleration between dementia cases and controls. In males, only Hannum's intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration was increased in pre-symptomatic dementia cases compared to controls (Δ +1.8 years, p = 0.03). CONCLUSION These findings provide no strong evidence that accelerated epigenetic aging measured in peripheral blood can predict dementia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Fransquet
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Victoria, Australia
| | - P Lacaze
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Victoria, Australia
| | - R Saffery
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052 Victoria, Australia
| | - R C Shah
- Department of Family Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - R Vryer
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052 Victoria, Australia
| | - A Murray
- Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Hennepin Healthcare, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - R L Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Ryan
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Victoria, Australia
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Catford SR, Lewis S, Halliday J, Kennedy J, O'Bryan MK, McBain J, Amor DJ, Rombauts L, Saffery R, Hart RJ, McLachlan RI. Health and fertility of ICSI-conceived young men: study protocol. Hum Reprod Open 2020; 2020:hoaa042. [PMID: 33033755 PMCID: PMC7532549 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoaa042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTIONS What are the long-term health and reproductive outcomes for young men conceived using ICSI whose fathers had spermatogenic failure (STF)? Are there epigenetic consequences of ICSI conception? WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Currently, little is known about the health of ICSI-conceived adults, and in particular the health and reproductive potential of ICSI-conceived men whose fathers had STF. Only one group to date has assessed semen parameters and reproductive hormones in ICSI-conceived men and suggested higher rates of impaired semen quality compared to spontaneously conceived (SC) peers. Metabolic parameters in this same cohort of men were mostly comparable. No study has yet evaluated other aspects of adult health. STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION This cohort study aims to evaluate the general health and development (aim 1), fertility and metabolic parameters (aim 2) and epigenetic signatures (aim 3) of ICSI-conceived sons whose fathers had STF (ICSI study group). There are three age-matched control groups: ICSI-conceived sons whose fathers had obstructive azoospermia (OAZ) and who will be recruited in this study, as well as IVF sons and SC sons, recruited from other studies. Of 1112 ICSI parents including fathers with STF and OAZ, 78% (n = 867) of mothers and 74% (n = 823) of fathers were traced and contacted. Recruitment of ICSI sons started in March 2017 and will finish in July 2020. Based on preliminary participation rates, we estimate the following sample size will be achieved for the ICSI study group: mothers n = 275, fathers n = 225, sons n = 115. Per aim, the sample sizes of OAZ-ICSI (estimated), IVF and SC controls are: Aim 1-OAZ-ICSI: 28 (maternal surveys)/12 (son surveys), IVF: 352 (maternal surveys)/244 (son surveys), SC: 428 (maternal surveys)/255 (son surveys); Aim 2-OAZ-ICSI: 12, IVF: 72 (metabolic data), SC: 391 (metabolic data)/365 (reproductive data); Aim 3-OAZ-ICSI: 12, IVF: 71, SC: 292. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS Eligible parents are those who underwent ICSI at one of two major infertility treatment centres in Victoria, Australia and gave birth to one or more males between January 1994 and January 2000. Eligible sons are those aged 18 years or older, whose fathers had STF or OAZ, and whose parents allow researchers to approach sons. IVF and SC controls are age-matched men derived from previous studies, some from the same source population. Participating ICSI parents and sons complete a questionnaire, the latter also undergoing a clinical assessment. Outcome measures include validated survey questions, physical examination (testicular volumes, BMI and resting blood pressure), reproductive hormones (testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, FSH, LH), serum metabolic parameters (fasting glucose, insulin, lipid profile, highly sensitive C-reactive protein) and semen analysis. For epigenetic and future genetic analyses, ICSI sons provide specimens of blood, saliva, sperm and seminal fluid while their parents provide a saliva sample. The primary outcomes of interest are the number of mother-reported hospitalisations of the son; son-reported quality of life; prevalence of moderate-severe oligozoospermia (sperm concentration <5 million/ml) and DNA methylation profile. For each outcome, differences between the ICSI study group and each control group will be investigated using multivariable linear and logistic regression for continuous and binary outcomes, respectively. Results will be presented as adjusted odds ratios and 95% CIs. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This study is funded by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Partnership Grant (NHMRC APP1140706) and was partially funded by the Monash IVF Research and Education Foundation. L.R. is a minority shareholder and the Group Medical Director for Monash IVF Group, and reports personal fees from Monash IVF group and Ferring Australia, honoraria from Ferring Australia, and travel fees from Merck Serono, MSD and Guerbet; R.J.H. is the Medical Director of Fertility Specialists of Western Australia and has equity in Western IVF; R.I.M. is a consultant for and a shareholder of Monash IVF Group and S.R.C. reports personal fees from Besins Healthcare and non-financial support from Merck outside of the submitted work. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Not applicable. TRIAL REGISTRATION DATE Not applicable. DATE OF FIRST PATIENT’S ENROLMENT Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Catford
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - S Lewis
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - J Halliday
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - J Kennedy
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - M K O'Bryan
- The School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia
| | - J McBain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Melbourne IVF, East Melbourne 3002, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - D J Amor
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - L Rombauts
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Monash IVF Group Pty Ltd, Melbourne 3121, Australia
| | - R Saffery
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - R J Hart
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia.,Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Claremont 6010, Australia
| | - R I McLachlan
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Monash IVF Group Pty Ltd, Melbourne 3121, Australia
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Lecamwasam A, Novakovic B, Meyer B, Ekinci E, Dwyer K, Saffery R. SAT-183 DNA METHYLATION PROFILING IDENTIFIES EPIGENTIC DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EARLY VERSUS LATE STAGES OF DIABETIC CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. Kidney Int Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.02.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Silva MJ, Kilpatrick NM, Craig JM, Manton DJ, Leong P, Ho H, Saffery R, Burgner DP, Scurrah KJ. A twin study of body mass index and dental caries in childhood. Sci Rep 2020; 10:568. [PMID: 31953476 PMCID: PMC6969181 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57435-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sub-optimal nutrition and dental caries are both common with significant short and long-term implications for child health and development. We applied twin statistical methods to explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and dental caries. We measured BMI at 18 months and six years of age and cumulative dental caries experience at six years in 344 twin children. Dental caries in primary teeth was categorised into ‘any’ or ‘advanced’ and BMI was analysed as both a continuous and categorical variable. Statistical analyses included multiple logistic regression using generalized estimating equations and within/between-pair analyses. There was no association between BMI and ‘any’ dental caries experience at either time-point, neither overall nor in within/between pair analyses. However, ‘advanced’ dental caries at six years was associated with a within-pair difference in BMI of −0.55 kg/m2 (95% CI −1.00, −0.11, p = 0.015). A within-pair increase of 1 kg/m2 in BMI was associated with a lower within-pair risk of advanced dental caries (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.52, 0.90, p = 0.007). These findings reveal a possible causal relationship between lower BMI and dental caries. As dental outcomes were only measured at one time point, the direction of this potentially causal relationship is unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Silva
- Facial Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia. .,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. .,Inflammatory Origins, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia. .,Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - N M Kilpatrick
- Facial Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J M Craig
- Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia.,Molecular Epidemiology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - D J Manton
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Centrum voor Tandheelkunde en Mondzorgkunde, Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P Leong
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Molecular Epidemiology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - H Ho
- Facial Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - R Saffery
- Epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - D P Burgner
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Inflammatory Origins, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Infectious Diseases, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K J Scurrah
- Facial Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Lecamwasam A, Ekinci E, Dwyer K, Saffery R. MON-292 THE IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN INDIVIDUALS WITH DIABETES. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.1100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Jelenkovic A, Yokoyama Y, Sund R, Hur YM, Harris JR, Brandt I, Nilsen TS, Ooki S, Ullemar V, Almqvist C, Magnusson PKE, Saudino KJ, Stazi MA, Fagnani C, Brescianini S, Nelson TL, Whitfield KE, Knafo-Noam A, Mankuta D, Abramson L, Cutler TL, Hopper JL, Llewellyn CH, Fisher A, Corley RP, Huibregtse BM, Derom CA, Vlietinck RF, Bjerregaard-Andersen M, Beck-Nielsen H, Sodemann M, Krueger RF, McGue M, Pahlen S, Alexandra Burt S, Klump KL, Dubois L, Boivin M, Brendgen M, Dionne G, Vitaro F, Willemsen G, Bartels M, van Beijsterveld CEM, Craig JM, Saffery R, Rasmussen F, Tynelius P, Heikkilä K, Pietiläinen KH, Bayasgalan G, Narandalai D, Haworth CMA, Plomin R, Ji F, Ning F, Pang Z, Rebato E, Tarnoki AD, Tarnoki DL, Kim J, Lee J, Lee S, Sung J, Loos RJF, Boomsma DI, Sørensen TIA, Kaprio J, Silventoinen K. Associations between birth size and later height from infancy through adulthood: An individual based pooled analysis of 28 twin cohorts participating in the CODATwins project. Early Hum Dev 2018; 120:53-60. [PMID: 29656171 PMCID: PMC6532975 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence that birth size is positively associated with height in later life, but it remains unclear whether this is explained by genetic factors or the intrauterine environment. AIM To analyze the associations of birth weight, length and ponderal index with height from infancy through adulthood within mono- and dizygotic twin pairs, which provides insights into the role of genetic and environmental individual-specific factors. METHODS This study is based on the data from 28 twin cohorts in 17 countries. The pooled data included 41,852 complete twin pairs (55% monozygotic and 45% same-sex dizygotic) with information on birth weight and a total of 112,409 paired height measurements at ages ranging from 1 to 69 years. Birth length was available for 19,881 complete twin pairs, with a total of 72,692 paired height measurements. The association between birth size and later height was analyzed at both the individual and within-pair level by linear regression analyses. RESULTS Within twin pairs, regression coefficients showed that a 1-kg increase in birth weight and a 1-cm increase in birth length were associated with 1.14-4.25 cm and 0.18-0.90 cm taller height, respectively. The magnitude of the associations was generally greater within dizygotic than within monozygotic twin pairs, and this difference between zygosities was more pronounced for birth length. CONCLUSION Both genetic and individual-specific environmental factors play a role in the association between birth size and later height from infancy to adulthood, with a larger role for genetics in the association with birth length than with birth weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jelenkovic
- Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - Y Yokoyama
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - R Sund
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - YM Hur
- Department of Education, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, South Korea
| | - JR Harris
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - I Brandt
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - TS Nilsen
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Ooki
- Department of Health Science, Ishikawa Prefectural Nursing University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - V Ullemar
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Almqvist
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit at Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - PKE Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - KJ Saudino
- Boston University, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
| | - MA Stazi
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità - Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Rome, Italy
| | - C Fagnani
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità - Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Rome, Italy
| | - S Brescianini
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità - Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Rome, Italy
| | - TL Nelson
- Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, USA
| | - KE Whitfield
- Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - A Knafo-Noam
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - D Mankuta
- Hadassah Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - L Abramson
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - TL Cutler
- The Australian Twin Registry, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - JL Hopper
- The Australian Twin Registry, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - CH Llewellyn
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - A Fisher
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - RP Corley
- Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - BM Huibregtse
- Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - CA Derom
- Centre of Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ghent University Hospitals, Ghent, Belgium
| | - RF Vlietinck
- Centre of Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Bjerregaard-Andersen
- Bandim Health Project, INDEPTH Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau, Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - H Beck-Nielsen
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - M Sodemann
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - RF Krueger
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - M McGue
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - S Pahlen
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - KL Klump
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - L Dubois
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Boivin
- École de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada, Institute of Genetic, Neurobiological, and Social Foundations of Child Development, Tomsk State University, Russian Federation
| | - M Brendgen
- Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - G Dionne
- École de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - F Vitaro
- École de psychoéducation, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - G Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M Bartels
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - CEM van Beijsterveld
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - JM Craig
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - R Saffery
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - F Rasmussen
- Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Sweden
| | - P Tynelius
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K Heikkilä
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - KH Pietiläinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - G Bayasgalan
- Healthy Twin Association of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - D Narandalai
- Healthy Twin Association of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - CMA Haworth
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - R Plomin
- King’s College London, MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - F Ji
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases Prevention, Qingdao Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China
| | - F Ning
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases Prevention, Qingdao Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China
| | - Z Pang
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases Prevention, Qingdao Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China
| | - E Rebato
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - AD Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, Hungarian Twin Registry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - DL Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, Hungarian Twin Registry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - J Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Sung
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea, Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - RJF Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - DI Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - TIA Sørensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research (Section of Metabolic Genetics), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, Department of Public Health (Section of Epidemiology), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Kaprio
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Silventoinen
- Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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10
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McCloskey K, Ponsonby AL, Collier F, Allen K, Tang MLK, Carlin JB, Saffery R, Skilton MR, Cheung M, Ranganathan S, Dwyer T, Burgner D, Vuillermin P. The association between higher maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and increased birth weight, adiposity and inflammation in the newborn. Pediatr Obes 2018; 13:46-53. [PMID: 27723247 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess adiposity and adiposity-related inflammation are known risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adults; however, little is known regarding the determinants of adiposity-related inflammation at birth. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and newborn adiposity and inflammation. METHODS Paired maternal (28-week gestation) and infant (umbilical cord) blood samples were collected from a population-derived birth cohort (Barwon Infant Study, n = 1074). Data on maternal comorbidities and infant birth anthropomorphic measures were compiled, and infant aortic intima-media thickness was measured by trans-abdominal ultrasound. In a selected subgroup of term infants (n = 161), matched maternal and cord lipids, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and maternal soluble CD14 were measured. Analysis was completed by using pairwise correlation and linear regression. Because of their non-normal distribution, pathology blood measures were log transformed prior to analysis. RESULTS Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was positively associated with increased birth weight (mean difference 17.8 g per kg m-2 , 95% CI 6.6 to 28.9; p = 0.002), newborn mean skin-fold thickness (mean difference 0.1 mm per kg m-2 , 95% CI 0.0 to 0.1; p < 0.001) and cord blood hsCRP (mean difference of 4.2% increase in hsCRP per kg m-2 increase in pre-pregnancy BMI, 95% CI 0.6 to 7.7%, p = 0.02), but not cord blood soluble CD14. Inclusion of maternal hsCRP as a covariate attenuated the associations between pre-pregnancy BMI and both newborn skin-fold thickness and cord blood hsCRP. CONCLUSION Higher maternal pre-pregnancy BMI is associated with increased newborn adiposity and inflammation. These associations may be partially mediated by maternal inflammation during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K McCloskey
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - A-L Ponsonby
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - F Collier
- Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia.,Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - K Allen
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - M L K Tang
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - J B Carlin
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - R Saffery
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - M R Skilton
- Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Cheung
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - S Ranganathan
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - T Dwyer
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - D Burgner
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - P Vuillermin
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia.,Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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11
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Simner C, Novakovic B, Lillycrop KA, Bell CG, Harvey NC, Cooper C, Saffery R, Lewis RM, Cleal JK. DNA methylation of amino acid transporter genes in the human placenta. Placenta 2017; 60:64-73. [PMID: 29208242 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Placental transfer of amino acids via amino acid transporters is essential for fetal growth. Little is known about the epigenetic regulation of amino acid transporters in placenta. This study investigates the DNA methylation status of amino acid transporters and their expression across gestation in human placenta. METHODS BeWo cells were treated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine to inhibit methylation and assess the effects on amino acid transporter gene expression. The DNA methylation levels of amino acid transporter genes in human placenta were determined across gestation using DNA methylation array data. Placental amino acid transporter gene expression across gestation was also analysed using data from publically available Gene Expression Omnibus data sets. The expression levels of these transporters at term were established using RNA sequencing data. RESULTS Inhibition of DNA methylation in BeWo cells demonstrated that expression of specific amino acid transporters can be inversely associated with DNA methylation. Amino acid transporters expressed in term placenta generally showed low levels of promoter DNA methylation. Transporters with little or no expression in term placenta tended to be more highly methylated at gene promoter regions. The transporter genes SLC1A2, SLC1A3, SLC1A4, SLC7A5, SLC7A11 and SLC7A10 had significant changes in enhancer DNA methylation across gestation, as well as gene expression changes across gestation. CONCLUSION This study implicates DNA methylation in the regulation of amino acid transporter gene expression. However, in human placenta, DNA methylation of these genes remains low across gestation and does not always play an obvious role in regulating gene expression, despite clear evidence for differential expression as gestation proceeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Simner
- The Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, UK
| | - B Novakovic
- Cancer and Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - K A Lillycrop
- The Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, UK; Centre for Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - C G Bell
- The Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, UK; MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, UK
| | - N C Harvey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton, NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - C Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton, NHS Foundation Trust, UK; NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, UK
| | - R Saffery
- Cancer and Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - R M Lewis
- The Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, UK
| | - J K Cleal
- The Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, UK.
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12
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Ashley SE, Tan HTT, Vuillermin P, Dharmage SC, Tang MLK, Koplin J, Gurrin LC, Lowe A, Lodge C, Ponsonby AL, Molloy J, Martin P, Matheson MC, Saffery R, Allen KJ, Ellis JA, Martino D. The skin barrier function gene SPINK5 is associated with challenge-proven IgE-mediated food allergy in infants. Allergy 2017; 72:1356-1364. [PMID: 28213955 DOI: 10.1111/all.13143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A defective skin barrier is hypothesized to be an important route of sensitization to dietary antigens and may lead to food allergy in some children. Missense mutations in the serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal type 5 (SPINK5) skin barrier gene have previously been associated with allergic conditions. OBJECTIVE To determine whether genetic variants in and around SPINK5 are associated with IgE-mediated food allergy. METHOD We genotyped 71 "tag" single nucleotide polymorphisms (tag-SNPs) within a region spanning ~263 kb including SPINK5 (~61 kb) in n=722 (n=367 food-allergic, n=199 food-sensitized-tolerant and n=156 non-food-allergic controls) 12-month-old infants (discovery sample) phenotyped for food allergy with the gold standard oral food challenge. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measures were collected at 12 months from a subset (n=150) of these individuals. SNPs were tested for association with food allergy using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test adjusting for ancestry strata. Association analyses were replicated in an independent sample group derived from four paediatric cohorts, total n=533 (n=203 food-allergic, n=330 non-food-allergic), mean age 2.5 years, with food allergy defined by either clinical history of reactivity, 95% positive predictive value (PPV) or challenge, corrected for ancestry by principal components. RESULTS SPINK5 variant rs9325071 (A⟶G) was associated with challenge-proven food allergy in the discovery sample (P=.001, OR=2.95, CI=1.49-5.83). This association was further supported by replication (P=.007, OR=1.58, CI=1.13-2.20) and by meta-analysis (P=.0004, OR=1.65). Variant rs9325071 is associated with decreased SPINK5 gene expression in the skin in publicly available genotype-tissue expression data, and we generated preliminary evidence for association of this SNP with elevated TEWL also. CONCLUSIONS We report, for the first time, association between SPINK5 variant rs9325071 and challenge-proven IgE-mediated food allergy.
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13
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Molloy J, Koplin JJ, Allen KJ, Tang MLK, Collier F, Carlin JB, Saffery R, Burgner D, Ranganathan S, Dwyer T, Ward AC, Moreno-Betancur M, Clarke M, Ponsonby AL, Vuillermin P. Vitamin D insufficiency in the first 6 months of infancy and challenge-proven IgE-mediated food allergy at 1 year of age: a case-cohort study. Allergy 2017; 72:1222-1231. [PMID: 28042676 DOI: 10.1111/all.13122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ecological evidence suggests vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) due to lower ambient ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure may be a risk factor for IgE-mediated food allergy. However, there are no studies relating directly measured VDI during early infancy to subsequent challenge-proven food allergy. OBJECTIVE To prospectively investigate the association between VDI during infancy and challenge-proven food allergy at 1 year. METHODS In a birth cohort (n = 1074), we used a case-cohort design to compare 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3 ) levels among infants with food allergy vs a random subcohort (n = 274). The primary exposures were VDI (25(OH)D3 <50 nM) at birth and 6 months of age. Ambient UVR and time in the sun were combined to estimate UVR exposure dose. IgE-mediated food allergy status at 1 year was determined by formal challenge. Binomial regression was used to examine associations between VDI, UVR exposure dose and food allergy and investigate potential confounding. RESULTS Within the random subcohort, VDI was present in 45% (105/233) of newborns and 24% (55/227) of infants at 6 months. Food allergy prevalence at 1 year was 7.7% (61/786), and 6.5% (53/808) were egg-allergic. There was no evidence of an association between VDI at either birth (aRR 1.25, 95% CI 0.70-2.22) or 6 months (aRR 0.93, 95% CI 0.41-2.14) and food allergy at 1 year. CONCLUSIONS There was no evidence that VDI during the first 6 months of infancy is a risk factor for food allergy at 1 year of age. These findings primarily relate to egg allergy, and larger studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Molloy
- School of Medicine; Deakin University; Waurn Ponds VIC Australia
- Child Health Research Unit; Barwon Health; Geelong VIC Australia
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Parkville VIC Australia
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research; Parkville VIC Australia
| | - J. J. Koplin
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Parkville VIC Australia
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research; Parkville VIC Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics; The University of Melbourne; Carlton VIC Australia
| | - K. J. Allen
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Parkville VIC Australia
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research; Parkville VIC Australia
- Department of Paediatrics; University of Melbourne; Parkville VIC Australia
- Department of Allergy and Immunology; Royal Children's Hospital; Parkville VIC Australia
| | - M. L. K. Tang
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Parkville VIC Australia
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research; Parkville VIC Australia
- Department of Paediatrics; University of Melbourne; Parkville VIC Australia
- Department of Allergy and Immunology; Royal Children's Hospital; Parkville VIC Australia
| | - F. Collier
- School of Medicine; Deakin University; Waurn Ponds VIC Australia
- Child Health Research Unit; Barwon Health; Geelong VIC Australia
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Parkville VIC Australia
| | - J. B. Carlin
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Parkville VIC Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics; The University of Melbourne; Carlton VIC Australia
- Department of Paediatrics; University of Melbourne; Parkville VIC Australia
| | - R. Saffery
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Parkville VIC Australia
| | - D. Burgner
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Parkville VIC Australia
- Department of Paediatrics; University of Melbourne; Parkville VIC Australia
- Department of Paediatrics; Monash University; Clayton VIC Australia
| | - S. Ranganathan
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Parkville VIC Australia
- Department of Paediatrics; University of Melbourne; Parkville VIC Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine; Royal Children's Hospital; Parkville VIC Australia
| | - T. Dwyer
- The George Institute for Global Health; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | - A. C. Ward
- School of Medicine; Deakin University; Waurn Ponds VIC Australia
| | - M. Moreno-Betancur
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Parkville VIC Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine; Monash University; Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - M. Clarke
- Biological and Molecular Mass Spectrometry Facility; Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis; University of Western Australia; Perth Western Australia 6009
| | - A. L. Ponsonby
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Parkville VIC Australia
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research; Parkville VIC Australia
| | - P. Vuillermin
- School of Medicine; Deakin University; Waurn Ponds VIC Australia
- Child Health Research Unit; Barwon Health; Geelong VIC Australia
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Parkville VIC Australia
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research; Parkville VIC Australia
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14
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Ashley SE, Tan HTT, Peters R, Allen KJ, Vuillermin P, Dharmage SC, Tang MLK, Koplin J, Lowe A, Ponsonby AL, Molloy J, Matheson MC, Saffery R, Ellis JA, Martino D. Genetic variation at the Th2 immune gene IL13 is associated with IgE-mediated paediatric food allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 47:1032-1037. [PMID: 28544327 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food allergies pose a considerable world-wide public health burden with incidence as high as one in ten in 12-month-old infants. Few food allergy genetic risk variants have yet been identified. The Th2 immune gene IL13 is a highly plausible genetic candidate as it is central to the initiation of IgE class switching in B cells. OBJECTIVE Here, we sought to investigate whether genetic polymorphisms at IL13 are associated with the development of challenge-proven IgE-mediated food allergy. METHOD We genotyped nine IL13 "tag" single nucleotide polymorphisms (tag SNPs) in 367 challenge-proven food allergic cases, 199 food-sensitized tolerant cases and 156 non-food allergic controls from the HealthNuts study. 12-month-old infants were phenotyped using open oral food challenges. SNPs were tested using Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test adjusted for ancestry strata. A replication study was conducted in an independent, co-located sample of four paediatric cohorts consisting of 203 food allergic cases and 330 non-food allergic controls. Replication sample phenotypes were defined by clinical history of reactivity, 95% PPV or challenge, and IL13 genotyping was performed. RESULTS IL13 rs1295686 was associated with challenge-proven food allergy in the discovery sample (P=.003; OR=1.75; CI=1.20-2.53). This association was also detected in the replication sample (P=.03, OR=1.37, CI=1.03-1.82) and further supported by a meta-analysis (P=.0006, OR=1.50). However, we cannot rule out an association with food sensitization. Carriage of the rs1295686 variant A allele was also associated with elevated total plasma IgE. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELAVANCE We show for the first time, in two independent cohorts, that IL13 polymorphism rs1295686 (in complete linkage disequilibrium with functional variant rs20541) is associated with challenge-proven food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Ashley
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia.,The Hudson Institute, Monash Translational Health Precinct (MTHP), Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - H-T T Tan
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia.,Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - R Peters
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - K J Allen
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, UK
| | - P Vuillermin
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia.,Barwon Health, Child Health Research Unit, Geelong, Australia.,Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Australia
| | - S C Dharmage
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia.,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M L K Tang
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
| | - J Koplin
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia.,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Lowe
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia.,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A-L Ponsonby
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - J Molloy
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia.,Barwon Health, Child Health Research Unit, Geelong, Australia.,Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Australia
| | - M C Matheson
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - R Saffery
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia.,The Hudson Institute, Monash Translational Health Precinct (MTHP), Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - J A Ellis
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Australia
| | - D Martino
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,University of Western Australia, Department of Paediatrics, Australia
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15
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Martino DJ, Ashley S, Koplin J, Ellis J, Saffery R, Dharmage SC, Gurrin L, Matheson MC, Kalb B, Marenholz I, Beyer K, Lee Y, Hong X, Wang X, Vukcevic D, Motyer A, Leslie S, Allen KJ, Ferreira MAR. Genomewide association study of peanut allergy reproduces association with amino acid polymorphisms in
HLA
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DRB
1. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 47:217-223. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.12863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. J. Martino
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - S. Ashley
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research Clayton Vic. Australia
| | - J. Koplin
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
- School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - J. Ellis
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - R. Saffery
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - S. C. Dharmage
- School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - L. Gurrin
- School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - M. C. Matheson
- School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - B. Kalb
- Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
- Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center of MDC Charité Berlin Germany
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin Germany
| | - I. Marenholz
- Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center of MDC Charité Berlin Germany
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin Germany
| | - K. Beyer
- Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Y.‐A. Lee
- Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center of MDC Charité Berlin Germany
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin Germany
| | - X. Hong
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA
| | - X. Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA
| | - D. Vukcevic
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Centre for Systems Genomics Schools of Mathematics and Statistics and Biosciences The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - A. Motyer
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Centre for Systems Genomics Schools of Mathematics and Statistics and Biosciences The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - S. Leslie
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Centre for Systems Genomics Schools of Mathematics and Statistics and Biosciences The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - K. J. Allen
- Department of Paediatrics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute The Royal Children's Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia
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16
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Chiaroni-Clarke R, Chavez R, Munro J, Allen R, Akikusa J, Oshlack A, Maksimovic J, Ponsonby AL, Saffery R, Ellis J. AB0166 Sex-Specific Gene Expression Differences in Oligoarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.3049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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17
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Mansell T, Novakovic B, Meyer B, Rzehak P, Vuillermin P, Ponsonby AL, Collier F, Burgner D, Saffery R, Ryan J. The effects of maternal anxiety during pregnancy on IGF2/H19 methylation in cord blood. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e765. [PMID: 27023171 PMCID: PMC4872456 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Compelling evidence suggests that maternal mental health in pregnancy can influence fetal development. The imprinted genes, insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and H19, are involved in fetal growth and each is regulated by DNA methylation. This study aimed to determine the association between maternal mental well-being during pregnancy and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of IGF2 (DMR0) and the IGF2/H19 imprinting control region (ICR) in newborn offspring. Maternal depression, anxiety and perceived stress were assessed at 28 weeks of pregnancy in the Barwon Infant Study (n=576). DNA methylation was measured in purified cord blood mononuclear cells using the Sequenom MassArray Platform. Maternal anxiety was associated with a decrease in average ICR methylation (Δ=-2.23%; 95% CI=-3.68 to -0.77%), and across all six of the individual CpG units in anxious compared with non-anxious groups. Birth weight and sex modified the association between prenatal anxiety and infant methylation. When stratified into lower (⩽3530 g) and higher (>3530 g) birth weight groups using the median birth weight, there was a stronger association between anxiety and ICR methylation in the lower birth weight group (Δ=-3.89%; 95% CI=-6.06 to -1.72%), with no association in the higher birth weight group. When stratified by infant sex, there was a stronger association in female infants (Δ=-3.70%; 95% CI=-5.90 to -1.51%) and no association in males. All the linear regression models were adjusted for maternal age, smoking and folate intake. These findings show that maternal anxiety in pregnancy is associated with decreased IGF2/H19 ICR DNA methylation in progeny at birth, particularly in female, low birth weight neonates. ICR methylation may help link poor maternal mental health and adverse birth outcomes, but further investigation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mansell
- Cancer & Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Childrens Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - B Novakovic
- Cancer & Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Childrens Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - B Meyer
- Cancer & Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Childrens Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - P Rzehak
- Cancer & Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Childrens Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Centre, Munich, Germany
| | - P Vuillermin
- Cancer & Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Childrens Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia,School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - A-L Ponsonby
- Cancer & Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Childrens Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - F Collier
- Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia,School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - D Burgner
- Cancer & Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Childrens Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - R Saffery
- Cancer & Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Childrens Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - J Ryan
- Cancer & Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Childrens Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Inserm U1061, Hopital La Colombiere, Universite Montpellier, Montpellier, France,Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Prahran, VIC, Australia,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. E-mail:
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18
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Albrecht C, Caniggia I, Clifton V, Göhner C, Harris L, Hemmings D, Jawerbaum A, Johnstone E, Jones H, Keelan J, Lewis R, Mitchell M, Murthi P, Powell T, Saffery R, Smith R, Vaillancourt C, Wadsack C, Salomon C. IFPA meeting 2015 workshop report III: nanomedicine applications and exosome biology, xenobiotics and endocrine disruptors and pregnancy, and lipid. Placenta 2016; 48 Suppl 1:S12-S16. [PMID: 27094788 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Workshops are an important part of the IFPA annual meeting, as they allow for discussion of specialized topics. At the IFPA meeting 2015 there were twelve themed workshops, three of which are summarized in this report. These workshops were related to various aspects of placental biology but collectively covered areas of pregnancy pathologies and placental metabolism: 1) nanomedicine applications and exosome biology; 2) xenobiotics and endocrine disruptors and pregnancy; 3) lipid mediators and placental function.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Albrecht
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - I Caniggia
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - V Clifton
- Mater Research, Matter Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - C Göhner
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - D Hemmings
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A Jawerbaum
- University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - H Jones
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, USA
| | - J Keelan
- The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - R Lewis
- University of Southampton, UK
| | - M Mitchell
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - P Murthi
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - T Powell
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA
| | - R Saffery
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - R Smith
- The Mothers and Babies Research Centre, University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - C Vaillancourt
- INRS Institut Armand Frappier, Université du Québec, Canada
| | - C Wadsack
- Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C Salomon
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Center for Clinical Diagnostics, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine + Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia.
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19
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Bianco-Miotto T, Blundell C, Buckberry S, Chamley L, Chong S, Cottrell E, Dawson P, Hanna C, Holland O, Lewis RM, Moritz K, Myatt L, Perkins AV, Powell T, Saffery R, Sferruzzi-Perri A, Sibley C, Simmons D, O'Tierney-Ginn PF. IFPA meeting 2015 workshop report I: placental mitochondrial function, transport systems and epigenetics. Placenta 2015; 48 Suppl 1:S3-S6. [PMID: 26693894 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Workshops are an important part of the IFPA annual meeting as they allow for discussion of specialized topics. At IFPA meeting 2015 there were twelve themed workshops, three of which are summarized in this report. These workshops covered areas of placental regulation and nutrient handling: 1) placental epigenetics; 2) placental mitochondrial function; 3) placental transport systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Blundell
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - S Buckberry
- The University of Western Australia, WA, Australia
| | | | - S Chong
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - E Cottrell
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - P Dawson
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - C Hanna
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - O Holland
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, QLD, Australia
| | - R M Lewis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - K Moritz
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - L Myatt
- Center for Pregnancy and Newborn Research, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - A V Perkins
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, QLD, Australia
| | - T Powell
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - A Sferruzzi-Perri
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - C Sibley
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, UK
| | - D Simmons
- University of Queensland, QLD Australia
| | - P F O'Tierney-Ginn
- Center for Reproductive Health, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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20
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Januar V, Ancelin ML, Ritchie K, Saffery R, Ryan J. BDNF promoter methylation and genetic variation in late-life depression. Transl Psychiatry 2015; 5:e619. [PMID: 26285129 PMCID: PMC4564567 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2015.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is important for depression pathophysiology and epigenetic regulation of the BDNF gene may be involved. This study investigated whether BDNF methylation is a marker of depression. One thousand and twenty-four participants were recruited as part of a longitudinal study of psychiatric disorders in general population elderly (age ⩾ 65). Clinical levels of depression were assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder IV criteria, and the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) for assessment of moderate to severe depressive symptoms. Buccal DNA methylation at the two most widely studied BDNF promoters, I and IV, was investigated using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform that allows high-throughput investigation of methylation at individual CpG sites within defined genomic regions. In multivariate linear regression analyses adjusted for a range of participant characteristics including antidepressant use, depression at baseline, as well as chronic late-life depression over the 12-year follow-up, were associated with overall higher BDNF methylation levels, with two sites showing significant associations (promoter I, Δ mean = 0.4%, P = 0.0002; promoter IV, Δ mean = 5.4%, P = 0.021). Three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs6265, rs7103411 and rs908867) were also found to modify the association between depression and promoter I methylation. As one of the largest epigenetic studies of depression, and the first investigating BDNF methylation in buccal tissue, our findings highlight the potential for buccal BDNF methylation to be a biomarker of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Januar
- Cancer and Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - M-L Ancelin
- Inserm U1061, Hopital La Colombiere & University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - K Ritchie
- Inserm U1061, Hopital La Colombiere & University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - R Saffery
- Cancer and Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - J Ryan
- Cancer and Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Inserm U1061, Hopital La Colombiere & University Montpellier, Montpellier, France,Cancer and Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville 3052, VIC, Australia. E-mail:
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21
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Chiaroni-Clarke R, Li Y, Munro J, Chavez R, Scurrah K, Pezic A, Akikusa J, Allen R, Piper S, Becker M, Thompson S, Lie B, Flato B, Forre O, Punaro M, Wise C, Saffery R, Finkel T, Hakonarson H, Ponsonby AL, Ellis J. OP0282 The Association of PTPN22 RS2476601 with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis is Specific to Females:. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.4256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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22
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Holloway BW, Dharmsthiti S, Krishnapillai V, Morgan AF, Ratnaningsih E, Sinclair MI, Saffery R. Chromosome organization in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antibiot Chemother (1971) 2015; 44:23-8. [PMID: 1801642 DOI: 10.1159/000420293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B W Holloway
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
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23
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Barbaux S, Erwich JJHM, Favaron PO, Gil S, Gallot D, Golos TG, Gonzalez-Bulnes A, Guibourdenche J, Heazell AEP, Jansson T, Laprévote O, Lewis RM, Miller RK, Monk D, Novakovic B, Oudejans C, Parast M, Peugnet P, Pfarrer C, Pinar H, Roberts CT, Robinson W, Saffery R, Salomon C, Sexton A, Staff AC, Suter M, Tarrade A, Wallace J, Vaillancourt C, Vaiman D, Worton SA, Lash GE. IFPA meeting 2014 workshop report: Animal models to study pregnancy pathologies; new approaches to study human placental exposure to xenobiotics; biomarkers of pregnancy pathologies; placental genetics and epigenetics; the placenta and stillbirth and fetal growth restriction. Placenta 2015; 36 Suppl 1:S5-10. [PMID: 25703592 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.01.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Workshops are an important part of the IFPA annual meeting as they allow for discussion of specialized topics. At IFPA meeting 2014 there were six themed workshops, five of which are summarized in this report. These workshops related to various aspects of placental biology but collectively covered areas of animal models, xenobiotics, pathological biomarkers, genetics and epigenetics, and stillbirth and fetal growth restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Barbaux
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - J J H M Erwich
- Department of Obstetrics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P O Favaron
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S Gil
- Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - D Gallot
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Pôle Gynéco-Obstétrique-Reproduction Humaine, CHU Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université d'Auvergne, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - T G Golos
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | | | - A E P Heazell
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - T Jansson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas-San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - O Laprévote
- Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - R M Lewis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - R K Miller
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - D Monk
- Imprinting and Cancer Group, Cancer Epigenetic and Biology Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Novakovic
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Oudejans
- VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Parast
- Department of Pathology, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - P Peugnet
- INRA, UMR1198 Developmental Biology and Reproduction, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - C Pfarrer
- Department of Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
| | - H Pinar
- WIH, Division of Perinatal Pathology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - C T Roberts
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - W Robinson
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Canada; Child & Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R Saffery
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Salomon
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - A Sexton
- Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth (GAPPS), Seattle Children's, WA, USA
| | - A C Staff
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - M Suter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A Tarrade
- INRA, UMR1198 Developmental Biology and Reproduction, Jouy en Josas, France; Fondation PremUp, Paris, France
| | - J Wallace
- Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - C Vaillancourt
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier and BioMed Research Center, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - D Vaiman
- AP-HP, INSERM - Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - S A Worton
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - G E Lash
- Reproductive and Vascular Biology Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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24
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Sexton-Oates A, MacGregor D, Dodgshun A, Saffery R. The potential for epigenetic analysis of paediatric CNS tumours to improve diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:1314-24. [PMID: 25605740 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumours of central nervous system (CNS) origin are the second most prevalent group of cancers in children, yet account for the majority of childhood cancer-related deaths. Such tumours show diverse location, cell type of origin, disease course and long-term outcome, both across and within tumour types, making treatment problematic and contributing to the relatively modest progress in reducing mortality over recent decades. As technological advances begin to reveal the genetic landscape of all cancers, it is becoming increasingly clear that genetic disruption represents only one 'layer' of molecular disruption associated with disease aetiology. Obtaining a full understanding of tumour behaviour requires an understanding of the cellular and molecular pathways disrupted during tumourigenesis, particularly in relation to gene expression. The utility of such an approach has allowed stratification of cancers such as medulloblastoma into subgroups based on molecular features, with potential to refine risk prediction. Given that epigenetic disruption is a universal feature of all human cancers, it is logical to speculate that interrogating epigenetic marks may help to further define the molecular profile, and therefore the clinical trajectory, of tumours. An integrated approach to build a molecular 'signature' of individual tumours that incorporates traditional morphological and demographic information, genetic and transcriptome analysis, in addition to epigenomics (DNA methylation and non-coding RNA analysis), offers tremendous promise to (i) inform treatment approach, (ii) facilitate accurate early identification (preferably at diagnosis) of variable risk groups (both good and poor prognosis groups), and (iii) track disease progression in childhood CNS tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sexton-Oates
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne
| | - D MacGregor
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne
| | - A Dodgshun
- Children's Cancer Centre, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R Saffery
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne
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25
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Lewis RM, Demmelmair H, Gaillard R, Godfrey KM, Hauguel-de Mouzon S, Huppertz B, Larque E, Saffery R, Symonds ME, Desoye G. The placental exposome: placental determinants of fetal adiposity and postnatal body composition. Ann Nutr Metab 2013; 63:208-15. [PMID: 24107818 DOI: 10.1159/000355222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Offspring of obese and diabetic mothers are at increased risk of being born with excess adiposity as a consequence of their intrauterine environment. Excessive fetal fat accretion reflects additional placental nutrient transfer, suggesting an effect of the maternal environment on placental function. High plasma levels of particular nutrients in obese and diabetic mothers are likely to be the important drivers of nutrient transfer to the fetus, resulting in excess fat accretion. However, not all offspring of obese and diabetic mothers are born large for gestational age and the explanation may involve the regulation of placental nutrient transfer required for fetal growth. The placenta integrates maternal and fetal signals across gestation in order to determine nutrient transfer rate. Understanding the nature of these signals and placental responses to them is key to understanding the pathology of both fetal growth restriction and macrosomia. The overall effects of the maternal environment on the placenta are the product of its exposures throughout gestation, the 'placental exposome'. Understanding these environmental influences is important as exposures early in gestation, for instance causing changes in the function of genes involved in nutrient transfer, may determine how the placenta will respond to exposures later in gestation, such as to raised maternal plasma glucose or lipid concentrations. Longitudinal studies are required which allow investigation of the influences on the placenta across gestation. These studies need to make full use of developing technologies characterising placental function, fetal growth and body composition. Understanding these processes will assist in the development of preventive strategies and treatments to optimise prenatal growth in those pregnancies at risk of either excess or insufficient nutrient supply and could also reduce the risk of chronic disease in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Lewis
- University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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26
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Scarr E, Craig JM, Cairns MJ, Seo MS, Galati JC, Beveridge NJ, Gibbons A, Juzva S, Weinrich B, Parkinson-Bates M, Carroll AP, Saffery R, Dean B. Decreased cortical muscarinic M1 receptors in schizophrenia are associated with changes in gene promoter methylation, mRNA and gene targeting microRNA. Transl Psychiatry 2013; 3:e230. [PMID: 23423139 PMCID: PMC3594731 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2013.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have shown decreased cortical muscarinic M1 receptors (CHRM1) in schizophrenia (Sz), with one study showing Sz can be separated into two populations based on a marked loss of CHRM1 (-75%) in -25% of people (Def-Sz) with the disorder. To better understand the mechanism contributing to the loss of CHRM1 in Def-Sz, we measured specific markers of gene expression in the cortex of people with Sz as a whole, people differentiated into Def-Sz and people with Sz that do not have a deficit in cortical CHRM1 (Non-Def-Sz) and health controls. We now report that cortical CHRM1 gene promoter methylation and CHRM1 mRNA are decrease in Sz, Def-Sz and Non-Def-Sz but levels of the micro RNA (miR)-107, a CHRM1 targeting miR, are increased only in Def-Sz. We also report in vitro data strongly supporting the notion that miR-107 levels regulate CHRM1 expression. These data suggest there is a reversal of the expected inverse relationship between gene promoter methylation and CHRM1 mRNA in people with Sz and that a breakdown in gene promoter methylation control of CHRM1 expression is contributing to the global pathophysiology of the syndrome. In addition, our data argues that increased levels of at least one miR, miR-107, is contributing to the marked loss of cortical CHRM1 in Def-Sz and this may be a differentiating pathophysiology. These latter data continue to support the hypothesis that microRNAs (miRNA) have a role in the underlying neurobiology of Sz but argue they are differentially affected in subsets of people within that syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Scarr
- The Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - J M Craig
- The Early Life Epigenetic Group, The Murdoch's Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,The Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - M J Cairns
- The School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, and Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia,The Schizophrenia Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M S Seo
- The Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,The Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - J C Galati
- The Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - N J Beveridge
- The School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, and Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia,The Schizophrenia Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Gibbons
- The Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,The Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - S Juzva
- The Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - B Weinrich
- The Early Life Epigenetic Group, The Murdoch's Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Parkinson-Bates
- The Cancer and the Developmental Epigenetics Group, The Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - A P Carroll
- The School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, and Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia,The Schizophrenia Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - R Saffery
- The Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,The Cancer and the Developmental Epigenetics Group, The Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - B Dean
- The Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,The Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, The Mental Health Research Institute, The Kenneth Myer Building, The University of Melbourne, Genetics Lane, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia. E-mail:
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Ahmed MS, Aleksunes LM, Boeuf P, Chung MK, Daoud G, Desoye G, Díaz P, Golos TG, Illsley NP, Kikuchi K, Komatsu R, Lao T, Morales-Prieto DM, Nanovskaya T, Nobuzane T, Roberts CT, Saffery R, Tamura I, Tamura K, Than NG, Tomi M, Umbers A, Wang B, Weedon-Fekjaer MS, Yamada S, Yamazaki K, Yoshie M, Lash GE. IFPA Meeting 2012 Workshop Report II: epigenetics and imprinting in the placenta, growth factors and villous trophoblast differentiation, role of the placenta in regulating fetal exposure to xenobiotics during pregnancy, infection and the placenta. Placenta 2012; 34 Suppl:S6-10. [PMID: 23253784 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2012.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Workshops are an important part of the IFPA annual meeting as they allow for discussion of specialized topics. At IFPA meeting 2012 there were twelve themed workshops, four of which are summarized in this report. These workshops related to various aspects of placental biology: 1) epigenetics and imprinting in the placenta; 2) growth factors and villous trophoblast differentiation; 3) role of the placenta in regulating fetal exposure to xenobiotics during pregnancy; 4) infection and the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Ahmed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Novakovic B, Saffery R. The ever growing complexity of placental epigenetics – Role in adverse pregnancy outcomes and fetal programming. Placenta 2012; 33:959-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Martino D, Maksimovic J, Joo JH, Prescott SL, Saffery R. Genome-scale profiling reveals a subset of genes regulated by DNA methylation that program somatic T-cell phenotypes in humans. Genes Immun 2012; 13:388-98. [PMID: 22495533 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2012.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics and relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression during early T-cell development. Mononuclear cells were collected at birth and at 12 months from 60 infants and were either activated with anti-CD3 for 24 h or cultured in media alone, and the CD4+ T-cell subset purified. DNA and RNA were co-harvested and DNA methylation was measured in 450 000 CpG sites in parallel with expression measurements taken from 25 000 genes. In unstimulated cells, we found that a subset of 1188 differentially methylated loci were associated with a change in expression in 599 genes (adjusted P value<0.01, β-fold >0.1). These genes were enriched in reprogramming regions of the genome known to control pluripotency. In contrast, over 630 genes were induced following low-level T-cell activation, but this was not associated with any significant change in DNA methylation. We conclude that DNA methylation is dynamic during early T-cell development, and has a role in the consolidation of T-cell-specific gene expression. During the early phase of clonal expansion, DNA methylation is stable and therefore appears to be of limited importance in short-term T-cell responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Martino
- Cancer, Disease and Developmental Epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Ellis JA, Chavez R, Gordon L, Ponsonby AL, Lim B, Akikusa J, Allen R, Saffery R, Craig J, Munro JE. CLARITY: C hiL dhood A rthritis R isk Factor I dentification ST udY. Investigating the role of aberrant DNA methylation in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2011. [PMCID: PMC3194641 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-9-s1-p275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Cobb J, Wong N, Yip L, Martinick J, Bosnich R, Sinclair R, Craig J, Saffery R, Harrap S, Ellis J. Evidence of increased DNA methylation of the androgen receptor gene in occipital hair follicles from men with androgenetic alopecia. Br J Dermatol 2011; 165:210-3. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10335.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Al-Khan A, Aye IL, Barsoum I, Borbely A, Cebral E, Cerchi G, Clifton VL, Collins S, Cotechini T, Davey A, Flores-Martin J, Fournier T, Franchi AM, Fretes RE, Graham CH, Godbole G, Hansson SR, Headley PL, Ibarra C, Jawerbaum A, Kemmerling U, Kudo Y, Lala PK, Lassance L, Lewis RM, Menkhorst E, Morris C, Nobuzane T, Ramos G, Rote N, Saffery R, Salafia C, Sarr D, Schneider H, Sibley C, Singh AT, Sivasubramaniyam TS, Soares MJ, Vaughan O, Zamudio S, Lash GE. IFPA Meeting 2010 Workshops Report II: Placental pathology; trophoblast invasion; fetal sex; parasites and the placenta; decidua and embryonic or fetal loss; trophoblast differentiation and syncytialisation. Placenta 2011; 32 Suppl 2:S90-9. [PMID: 21236487 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2010.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Workshops are an important part of the IFPA annual meeting. At IFPA Meeting 2010 diverse topics were discussed in twelve themed workshops, six of which are summarized in this report. 1. The placental pathology workshop focused on clinical correlates of placenta accreta/percreta. 2. Mechanisms of regulation of trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodeling were discussed in the trophoblast invasion workshop. 3. The fetal sex and intrauterine stress workshop explored recent work on placental sex differences and discussed them in the context of whether boys live dangerously in the womb.4. The workshop on parasites addressed inflammatory responses as a sign of interaction between placental tissue and parasites. 5. The decidua and embryonic/fetal loss workshop focused on key regulatory mediators in the decidua, embryo and fetus and how alterations in expression may contribute to different diseases and adverse conditions of pregnancy. 6. The trophoblast differentiation and syncytialisation workshop addressed the regulation of villous cytotrophoblast differentiation and how variations may lead to placental dysfunction and pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Al-Khan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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Abad C, Antczak DF, Carvalho J, Chamley LW, Chen Q, Daher S, Damiano AE, Dantzer V, Díaz P, Dunk CE, Daly E, Escudero C, Falcón B, Guillomot M, Han YW, Harris LK, Huidobro-Toro JP, Illsley N, Jammes H, Jansson T, Johnson GA, Kfoury JR, Marín R, Murthi P, Novakovic B, Myatt L, Petroff MG, Pereira FTV, Pfarrer C, Redman CWG, Rice G, Saffery R, Tolosa JM, Vaillancourt C, Wareing M, Yuen R, Lash GE. IFPA Meeting 2010 Workshop Report I: Immunology; ion transport; epigenetics; vascular reactivity; epitheliochorial placentation; proteomics. Placenta 2011; 32 Suppl 2:S81-9. [PMID: 21227506 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2010.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Workshops are an important part of the IFPA annual meeting. At IFPA Meeting 2010 there were twelve themed workshops, six of which are summarized in this report. 1. The immunology workshop focused on normal and pathological functions of the maternal immune system in pregnancy. 2. The transport workshop dealt with regulation of ion and water transport across the syncytiotrophoblast of human placenta. 3. The epigenetics workshop covered DNA methylation and its potential role in regulating gene expression in placental development and disease. 4. The vascular reactivity workshop concentrated on methodological approaches used to study placental vascular function. 5. The workshop on epitheliochorial placentation covered current advances from in vivo and in vitro studies of different domestic species. 6. The proteomics workshop focused on a variety of techniques and procedures necessary for proteomic analysis and how they may be implemented for placental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Abad
- Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas, Caracas, Venezuela
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Zajac MS, Pang TYC, Wong N, Weinrich B, Leang LSK, Craig JM, Saffery R, Hannan AJ. Wheel running and environmental enrichment differentially modify exon-specific BDNF expression in the hippocampus of wild-type and pre-motor symptomatic male and female Huntington's disease mice. Hippocampus 2010; 20:621-36. [PMID: 19499586 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.20658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an essential neurotrophin and regulation of its expression is complex due to multiple 5' untranslated exons which are separately spliced to a common coding exon to form unique mRNA transcripts. Disruption of BDNF gene expression is a key to the development of symptoms in Huntington's disease (HD), a fatal neurodegenerative condition. Abnormal epigenetic modifications are associated with reduced gene expression in late-stage HD but such regulation of BDNF gene expression has yet to be investigated. We hypothesized that BDNF gene expression is altered in the HD hippocampus of pre-motor symptomatic R6/1 transgenic HD mice, correlating with a change in the DNA methylation profile. The effects of wheel-running and environmental enrichment on wild-type mice, in association with a proposed environment-mediated correction of BDNF gene expression deficits in HD mice, were also investigated. Using real-time PCR, levels of total BDNF mRNA were found to be reduced in the hippocampus of both male and female HD mice. Wheel-running significantly increased total BDNF gene expression in all groups of mice except male HD mice. In contrast, environmental enrichment significantly increased expression only in male wild-type animals. Further quantification of BDNF exon-specific transcripts revealed sex-specific changes in relation to the effect of the HD mutation and differential effects on gene expression by wheel-running and environmental enrichment. The HD-associated reduction of BDNF gene expression was not due to increased methylation of the gene sequence. Furthermore, environment-induced changes in BDNF gene expression in the wild-type hippocampus were independent of the extent of DNA methylation. Overall, the results of this study provide new insight into the role of BDNF in HD pathogenesis in addition to the mechanisms regulating normal BDNF gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Zajac
- Howard Florey Institute, Florey Neuroscience Institutes, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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Ng H, Novakovic B, Hiendleder S, Craig J, Roberts C, Saffery R. Distinct Patterns of Gene-Specific Methylation in Mammalian Placentas: Implications for Placental Evolution and Function. Placenta 2010; 31:259-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2010.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2009] [Revised: 01/07/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lash GE, Burton GJ, Chamley LW, Clifton VL, Constancia M, Crocker IP, Dantzer V, Desoye G, Drewlo S, Hemmings DG, Hiendleder S, Kalionis B, Keelan JA, Kudo Y, Lewis RM, Manuelpillai U, Murthi P, Natale D, Pfarrer C, Robertson S, Saffery R, Saito S, Sferruzzi-Perri A, Sobrevia L, Waddell BJ, Roberts CT. IFPA Meeting 2009 workshops report. Placenta 2010; 31 Suppl:S4-20. [PMID: 20064659 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2009.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2009] [Revised: 12/07/2009] [Accepted: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Workshops are an important part of the annual meeting of the International Federation of Placenta Associations (IFPA). At IFPA Meeting 2009 diverse topics were discussed in twelve themed workshops. Topics covered included: immune response to pregnancy; signaling between fetus and placenta; bioactive lipids in placenta; placenta in agricultural species; epigenetics and placentation; trophoblast deportation; glucocorticoids and placental function; endothelium; placental transport; genes and placenta; uteroplacental blood flow and placental stem cells. This report is a full summary of the various topics covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Lash
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, 3rd Floor, William Leech Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
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Vuillermin PJ, Ponsonby AL, Saffery R, Tang ML, Ellis JA, Sly P, Holt P. Microbial exposure, interferon gamma gene demethylation in naïve T-cells, and the risk of allergic disease. Allergy 2009; 64:348-53. [PMID: 19210359 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.01970.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The period of immune programming during early life presents a critical window of opportunity for the prevention of allergic diseases. There is mounting evidence that inappropriate immune programming may involve disruption of specific epigenetic modifications (switches) at immune-related genes. This novel area of research has great potential, as epigenetic changes are known to be sensitive to environmental factors and may therefore provide a mechanistic link for the observed association between specific environmental cues, faulty immune development, and the risk of allergic disease. In addition, the dynamic and potentially reversible nature of epigenetic modifications offers potentially novel targets for therapeutic and/or preventative interventions. We review the evidence that (1) failure to up-regulate the interferon gamma (IFNgamma) response during infancy is an important determinant of the risk of allergic disease, (2) expression of the IFNgamma gene in naïve T-cells is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms, and (3) failure to up-regulate IFNgamma gene expression of naïve T-cells associated with low early life microbial exposure. Taken together, these lines of evidence suggest that low microbial exposure during early life increases the risk of allergic disease by reducing demethylation (activation) of the IFNgamma gene of naive T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Vuillermin
- Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Wong N, Novakovic B, Weinrich B, Dewi C, Andronikos R, Sibson M, Macrae F, Morley R, Pertile M, Craig J, Saffery R. Methylation of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene in human placenta and hypermethylation in choriocarcinoma cells. Cancer Lett 2008; 268:56-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2007] [Revised: 03/13/2008] [Accepted: 03/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Novakovic B, Rakyan V, Ng HK, Manuelpillai U, Dewi C, Wong NC, Morley R, Down T, Beck S, Craig JM, Saffery R. Specific tumour-associated methylation in normal human term placenta and first-trimester cytotrophoblasts. Mol Hum Reprod 2008; 14:547-54. [PMID: 18708652 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gan046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human placentation displays many similarities with tumourigenesis, including rapid cell division, migration and invasion, overlapping gene expression profiles and escape from immune detection. Recent data have identified promoter methylation in the Ras association factor and adenomatous polyposis coli tumour suppressor genes as part of this process. However, the extent of tumour-associated methylation in the placenta remains unclear. Using whole genome methylation data as a starting point, we have examined this phenomenon in placental tissue. We found no evidence for methylation of the majority of common tumour suppressor genes in term placentas, but identified methylation in several genes previously described in some human tumours. Notably, promoter methylation of four independent negative regulators of Wnt signalling has now been identified in human placental tissue and purified trophoblasts. Methylation is present in baboon, but not in mouse placentas. This supports a role for elevated Wnt signalling in primate trophoblast invasiveness and placentation. Examination of invasive choriocarcinoma cell lines revealed altered methylation patterns consistent with a role of methylation change in gestational trophoblastic disease. This distinct pattern of tumour-associated methylation implicates a coordinated series of epigenetic silencing events, similar to those associated with some tumours, in the distinct features of normal human placental invasion and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Novakovic
- Developmental Epigenetics Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, VIC 3052, Australia
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Abstract
Human neocentromeres are fully functional centromeres that arise naturally in non-centromeric regions devoid of alpha-satellite DNA. We have successfully produced a series of minichromosomes by telomere-associated truncation of a marker chromosome mardel(10) containing a neocentromere. The resulting minichromosomes are either linear or circular in nature, and range in size from approximately 650 kb to 2 Mb. These minichromosomes exhibit full centromeric activity, bind to essential centromere proteins, and are mitotically stable over many generations. They provide a useful system for dissecting the functional domains of complex eukaryotic centromeres and as vectors for therapeutic gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Wong
- The Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Voullaire L, Saffery R, Earle E, Irvine DV, Slater H, Dale S, du Sart D, Fleming T, Choo KH. Mosaic inv dup(8p) marker chromosome with stable neocentromere suggests neocentromerization is a post-zygotic event. Am J Med Genet 2001; 102:86-94. [PMID: 11471179 DOI: 10.1002/1096-8628(20010722)102:1<86::aid-ajmg1390>3.0.co;2-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Marker chromosomes containing active human neocentromeres have been described in individuals where the chromosomes are non-mosaic, suggesting that they are mitotically stable, but also in individuals where there is mosaicism, raising the possibility of neocentromere instability. We report two independently ascertained individuals who are mosaic for a supernumerary marker chromosome, shown by reverse chromosome painting to have an 8p origin, resulting in mosaicism for tetrasomy 8p23.1-->pter in the patient. The markers have a primary constriction but show no detectable centromeric alpha-satellite DNA. The marker in Patient 1 demonstrated no centromere protein CENP-B binding, but associated with nine different functionally critical centromere proteins. Investigation of peripheral blood lymphocytes from this patient on five separate occasions over a 13-year period showed 23-46% mosaicism for the marker chromosome with no decrease in incidence. In vitro investigation of primary and secondary sub-clones of a lymphoblast cell line derived from the patient demonstrated 100% stability of the marker chromosome indicating that neocentromere instability is unlikely to be responsible for the mosaicism in the patient. This and other available data support a general model of neocentromerization as a post-zygotic event, irrespective of whether the supernumerary chromosome fragment has arisen during meiosis or post-fertilization at mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Voullaire
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
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Saffery R, Wong LH, Irvine DV, Bateman MA, Griffiths B, Cutts SM, Cancilla MR, Cendron AC, Stafford AJ, Choo KH. Construction of neocentromere-based human minichromosomes by telomere-associated chromosomal truncation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:5705-10. [PMID: 11331754 PMCID: PMC33277 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.091468498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2000] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neocentromeres (NCs) are fully functional centromeres that arise ectopically in noncentromeric regions lacking alpha-satellite DNA. Using telomere-associated chromosome truncation, we have produced a series of minichromosomes (MiCs) from a mardel(10) marker chromosome containing a previously characterized human NC. These MiCs range in size from approximately 0.7 to 1.8 Mb and contain single-copy intact genomic DNA from the 10q25 region. Two of these NC-based Mi-Cs (NC-MiCs) appear circular whereas one is linear. All demonstrate stability in both structure and mitotic transmission in the absence of drug selection. Presence of a functional NC is shown by binding a host of key centromere-associated proteins. These NC-MiCs provide direct evidence for mitotic segregation function of the NC DNA and represent examples of stable mammalian MiCs lacking centromeric repeats.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Saffery
- The Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Melbourne 3052, Australia
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Fowler KJ, Saffery R, Irvine DV, Trowell HE, Choo KH. Mouse centromere protein F (Cenpf) gene maps to the distal region of chromosome 1 by interspecific backcross analysis. Cytogenet Cell Genet 2000; 82:180-1. [PMID: 9858811 DOI: 10.1159/000015094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K J Fowler
- The Murdoch Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria (Australia).
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Saffery R, Irvine DV, Griffiths B, Kalitsis P, Choo KH. Components of the human spindle checkpoint control mechanism localize specifically to the active centromere on dicentric chromosomes. Hum Genet 2000; 107:376-84. [PMID: 11129339 DOI: 10.1007/s004390000386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The spindle checkpoint control mechanism functions to ensure faithful chromosome segregation by delaying cell division until all chromosomes are correctly oriented on the mitotic spindle. Initially identified in budding yeast, several mammalian spindle checkpoint-associated proteins have recently been identified and partially characterized. These proteins associate with all active human centromeres, including neocentromeres, in the early stages of mitosis prior to the commencement of anaphase. We have examined the status of proteins associated with the checkpoint protein complex (BUB1, BUBR1, BUB3, MAD2), the anaphase-promoting complex (Tsg24, p55CDC), and other proteins associated with mitotic checkpoint control (ERK1, 3F3/2 epitope, hZW10), on a human dicentric chromosome. Each of these proteins was found to specifically associate with only the active centromere, suggesting that only active centromeres participate in the spindle checkpoint. This finding complements previous studies on multicentric chromosomes demonstrating specific association of structural and motor-related centromere proteins with active centromeres, and suggests that centromere inactivation is accompanied by loss of all functionally important centromere proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Saffery
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.
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Fowler KJ, Saffery R, Kile BT, Irvine DV, Hudson DF, Trowell HE, Choo KH. Genetic mapping of mouse centromere protein (Incenp and Cenpe) genes. Cytogenet Cell Genet 2000; 82:67-70. [PMID: 9763662 DOI: 10.1159/000015066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Inner centromere protein (INCENP) and centromere protein E (CENPE) are two functionally important proteins of the higher eukaryotic centromere. Using a mouse Incenp genomic DNA and a mouse Cenpe cDNA to analyze recombinant inbred mouse sets, as well as interspecific backcross panels, we have mapped these genes to the proximal regions of mouse Chromosomes 19 and 6, respectively. Comparison of Cenpe and human CENPE, which maps to chromosome region 4q24-->q25, has further identified a new region of homology between the two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Fowler
- The Murdoch Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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Barry AE, Bateman M, Howman EV, Cancilla MR, Tainton KM, Irvine DV, Saffery R, Choo KH. The 10q25 neocentromere and its inactive progenitor have identical primary nucleotide sequence: further evidence for epigenetic modification. Genome Res 2000; 10:832-8. [PMID: 10854414 PMCID: PMC310875 DOI: 10.1101/gr.10.6.832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2000] [Accepted: 03/27/2000] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We have previously localized the core centromere protein-binding domain of a 10q25.2-derived neocentromere to an 80-kb genomic region. Detailed analysis has indicated that the 80-kb neocentromere (NC) DNA has a similar overall organization to the corresponding region on a normal chromosome 10 (HC) DNA, derived from a genetically unrelated CEPH individual. Here we report sequencing of the HC DNA and its comparison to the NC sequence. Single-base differences were observed at a maximum rate of 4.6 per kb; however, no deletions, insertions, or other structural rearrangements were detected. To investigate whether the observed changes, or subsets of these, might be de novo mutations involved in neocentromerization (i.e., in committing a region of a chromosome to neocentromere formation), the progenitor DNA (PnC) from which the NC DNA descended, was cloned and sequenced. Direct comparison of the PnC and NC sequences revealed 100% identity, suggesting that the differences between NC and HC DNA are single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and that formation of the 10q25.2 NC did not involve a change in DNA sequence in the core centromere protein-binding NC region. This is the first study in which a cloned NC DNA has been compared directly with its inactive progenitor DNA at the primary sequence level. The results form the basis for future sequence comparison outside the core protein-binding domain, and provide direct support for the involvement of an epigenetic mechanism in neocentromerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Barry
- The Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville 3052, Australia
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Starr DA, Saffery R, Li Z, Simpson AE, Choo KH, Yen TJ, Goldberg ML. HZwint-1, a novel human kinetochore component that interacts with HZW10. J Cell Sci 2000; 113 ( Pt 11):1939-50. [PMID: 10806105 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.113.11.1939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
HZwint-1 (Human ZW10 interacting protein-1) was identified in a yeast two hybrid screen for proteins that interact with HZW10. HZwint-1 cDNA encodes a 43 kDa protein predicted to contain an extended coiled-coil domain. Immunofluorescence studies with sera raised against HZwint-1 protein revealed strong kinetochore staining in nocodazole-arrested chromosome spreads. This signal co-localizes at the kinetochore with HZW10, at a position slightly outside of the central part of the centromere as revealed by staining with a CREST serum. The kinetochore localization of HZwint-1 has been confirmed by following GFP fluorescence in HeLa cells transiently transfected with a plasmid encoding a GFP/HZwint-1 fusion protein. In cycling HeLa cells, HZwint-1 localizes to the kinetochore of prophase HeLa cells prior to HZW10 localization, and remains at the kinetochore until late in anaphase. This localization pattern, combined with the two-hybrid results, suggests that HZwint-1 may play a role in targeting HZW10 to the kinetochore at prometaphase. HZwint-1 was also found to localize to neocentromeres and to the active centromere of dicentric chromosomes. HZwint-1 thus appears to associate with all active centromeres, implying that it plays an important role in correct centromere function.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Starr
- Section of Genetics and Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Earle E, Saxena A, MacDonald A, Hudson DF, Shaffer LG, Saffery R, Cancilla MR, Cutts SM, Howman E, Choo KH. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase at active centromeres and neocentromeres at metaphase. Hum Mol Genet 2000; 9:187-94. [PMID: 10607829 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/9.2.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A double-stranded 9 bp GTGAAAAAG pJ alpha sequence found in human centromeric alpha-satellite DNA and a 28 bp ATGTATATATGTGTATATAGACATAAAT tandemly repeated AT28 sequence found within a cloned neo- centromere DNA have each allowed the affinity purification of a nuclear protein that we have identified as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Use of other related or unrelated oligonucleotide sequences as affinity substrates has indicated either significantly reduced or no detectable PARP purification, suggesting preferential but not absolute sequence-specific binding. Immunofluorescence analysis of human and sheep metaphase cells using a polyclonal anti-PARP antibody revealed centromeric localization of PARP, with diffuse signals also seen on the chromosome arms. Similar results were observed for mouse chromosomes except for a significantly enlarged PARP-binding region around the core centromere-active domain, suggesting possible 'spreading' of PARP into surrounding non-core centromeric domains. Enhanced PARP signals were also observed on alpha-satellite-negative human neo- centromeres and on the active but not the inactive alpha-satellite-containing centromere of a human dicentric chromosome. PARP signals were absent from the q12 heterochromatin of the Y chromosome, suggesting a correlation of PARP binding with centromere function that is independent of heterochromatic properties. Preliminary cell cycle analysis indicates detectable centromeric association of PARP during S/G(2)phase and that the total proportion of PARP that is centromeric is relatively low. Strong binding of PARP to different centromere sequence motifs may offer a versatile mechanism of mammalian centromere recognition that is independent of primary DNA sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Earle
- The Murdoch Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville 3052, Australia
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Saffery R, Irvine DV, Griffiths B, Kalitsis P, Wordeman L, Choo KH. Human centromeres and neocentromeres show identical distribution patterns of >20 functionally important kinetochore-associated proteins. Hum Mol Genet 2000; 9:175-85. [PMID: 10607828 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/9.2.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Using combined immunofluorescence and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis we have extensively characterized the proteins associating with two different homologue human neocentromeres at interphase and prometaphase/metaphase, and compared these directly with those found with normal human centromeres. Antisera to CENP-A, CENP-B, CENP-C, CENP-E, CENP-F, INCENP, CLIP-170, dynein, dynactin subunits p150 (Glued) and Arp1, MCAK, Tsg24, p55CDC, HZW10, HBUB1, HBUBR1, BUB3, MAD2, ERK1, 3F3/2, topoisomerase II and a murine HP1 homologue, M31, were used in immuno-fluorescence experiments in conjunction with FISH employing specific DNA probes to clearly identify neocentromeric DNA. We found that except for the total absence of CENP-B binding, neocentromeres are indistinguishable from their alpha satellite-containing counterparts in terms of protein composition and distribution. This suggests that the DNA base of a potential centromeric locus is of minimal importance in determining the overall structure of a functional kinetochore and that, once seeded, the events leading to functional kinetochore formation occur independently of primary DNA sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Saffery
- The Murdoch Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville 3052, Australia
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