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Alasmar S, Huang J, Chopra K, Baumann E, Aylsworth A, Hewitt M, Sandhu JK, Tauskela JS, Ben RN, Jezierski A. Improved Cryopreservation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC) and iPSC-derived Neurons Using Ice-Recrystallization Inhibitors. Stem Cells 2023; 41:1006-1021. [PMID: 37622655 PMCID: PMC10631806 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and iPSC-derived neurons (iPSC-Ns) represent a differentiated modality toward developing novel cell-based therapies for regenerative medicine. However, the successful application of iPSC-Ns in cell-replacement therapies relies on effective cryopreservation. In this study, we investigated the role of ice recrystallization inhibitors (IRIs) as novel cryoprotectants for iPSCs and terminally differentiated iPSC-Ns. We found that one class of IRIs, N-aryl-D-aldonamides (specifically 2FA), increased iPSC post-thaw viability and recovery with no adverse effect on iPSC pluripotency. While 2FA supplementation did not significantly improve iPSC-N cell post-thaw viability, we observed that 2FA cryopreserved iPSC-Ns re-established robust neuronal network activity and synaptic function much earlier compared to CS10 cryopreserved controls. The 2FA cryopreserved iPSC-Ns retained expression of key neuronal specific and terminally differentiated markers and displayed functional electrophysiological and neuropharmacological responses following treatment with neuroactive agonists and antagonists. We demonstrate how optimizing cryopreservation media formulations with IRIs represents a promising strategy to improve functional cryopreservation of iPSCs and post-mitotic iPSC-Ns, the latter of which have been challenging to achieve. Developing IRI enabling technologies to support an effective cryopreservation and an efficiently managed cryo-chain is fundamental to support the delivery of successful iPSC-derived therapies to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Alasmar
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Science, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jez Huang
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Karishma Chopra
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Science, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ewa Baumann
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Amy Aylsworth
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa Hewitt
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jagdeep K Sandhu
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, , Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Joseph S Tauskela
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Robert N Ben
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Science, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Jezierski
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, , Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Grogan SP, Glembotski NE, D'Lima DD. ALK-5 Inhibitors for Efficient Derivation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2023; 29:127-140. [PMID: 36458467 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2022.0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Successful tissue regeneration requires a clinically viable source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We explored activin receptor-like kinase (ALK)-5 inhibitors to rapidly derive an MSC-like phenotype with high cartilage forming capacity from a xeno-free human embryonic cell line. Methods: Embryonic stem cell (ESC) lines (H9 and HADC100) were treated with the ALK-5 inhibitor SB431542; HADC100 cells were additionally treated with ALK-5 inhibitors SB525334 or GW788388. Cells were then seeded upon human fibronectin in the presence of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) in a serum-free medium. Flow cytometry was used to assess MSC markers (positive for CD73, CD90, and CD105; negative for CD34 and CD45). Differentiation status was assessed through quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cartilage forming capacity was determined in high-density pellet cultures, in fibrin gels containing extracellular matrix (fibrin-ECM), and after implantation in ex vivo human osteoarthritic cartilage. Gene expression, histology, and immunostaining were used to assess cartilage phenotype, tissue regeneration, and integration. Results: Exposure to all three ALK-5 inhibitors lead to expression of mesodermal gene markers and differentiation into MSC-like cells (embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells [ES-MSCs]) based on surface marker expression. ES-MSC in pellet cultures or in fibrin-ECM gels expressed high levels of chondrogenic genes: COL2A1, ACAN, and COMP; and low levels of COL1A1 and RUNX2. Cell pellets or fibrin constructs implanted into ex vivo human osteoarthritic cartilage defects produced GAG-rich (safranin O positive) and collagen type II-positive neocartilage tissues that integrated well with native diseased tissue. Conclusions: We developed a protocol for rapid differentiation of xeno-free ESC into MSC-like cells with high cartilage forming capacity with potential for clinical applications. Impact statement Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease resulting in significant disability and no approved disease modifying treatment (other than total joint replacement). Embryonic stem cell-derived cell therapy has the potential to benefit patients with cartilage lesions leading to OA and may prevent or delay the need for total joint replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn P Grogan
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Nicholas E Glembotski
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Darryl D D'Lima
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California, USA
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Small Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in the Treatment of Myocardial Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054577. [PMID: 36902008 PMCID: PMC10003569 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) therapy brings great hope to the treatment of myocardial injuries, while extracellular vesicles may be one of the main mechanisms of its action. iPSC-derived small extracellular vesicles (iPSCs-sEVs) can carry genetic and proteinaceous substances and mediate the interaction between iPSCs and target cells. In recent years, more and more studies have focused on the therapeutic effect of iPSCs-sEVs in myocardial injury. IPSCs-sEVs may be a new cell-free-based treatment for myocardial injury, including myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, coronary heart disease, and heart failure. In the current research on myocardial injury, the extraction of sEVs from mesenchymal stem cells induced by iPSCs was widely used. Isolation methods of iPSCs-sEVs for the treatment of myocardial injury include ultracentrifugation, isodensity gradient centrifugation, and size exclusion chromatography. Tail vein injection and intraductal administration are the most widely used routes of iPSCs-sEV administration. The characteristics of sEVs derived from iPSCs which were induced from different species and organs, including fibroblasts and bone marrow, were further compared. In addition, the beneficial genes of iPSC can be regulated through CRISPR/Cas9 to change the composition of sEVs and improve the abundance and expression diversity of them. This review focused on the strategies and mechanisms of iPSCs-sEVs in the treatment of myocardial injury, which provides a reference for future research and the application of iPSCs-sEVs.
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Grogan S, Kopcow J, D’Lima D. Challenges Facing the Translation of Embryonic Stem Cell Therapy for the Treatment of Cartilage Lesions. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:1186-1195. [PMID: 36493381 PMCID: PMC9801304 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a common disease resulting in significant disability without approved disease-modifying treatment (other than total joint replacement). Stem cell-based therapy is being actively explored for the repair of cartilage lesions in the treatment and prevention of osteoarthritis. Embryonic stem cells are a very attractive source as they address many of the limitations inherent in autologous stem cells, such as variability in function and limited expansion. Over the past 20 years, there has been widespread interest in differentiating ESC into mesenchymal stem cells and chondroprogenitors with successful in vitro, ex vivo, and early animal studies. However, to date, none have progressed to clinical trials. In this review, we compare and contrast the various approaches to differentiating ESC; and discuss the benefits and drawbacks of each approach. Approaches relying on spontaneous differentiation are simpler but not as efficient as more targeted approaches. Methods replicating developmental biology are more efficient and reproducible but involve many steps in a complicated process. The small-molecule approach, arguably, combines the advantages of the above two methods because of the relative efficiency, reproducibility, and simplicity. To better understand the reasons for lack of progression to clinical applications, we explore technical, scientific, clinical, and regulatory challenges that remain to be overcome to achieve success in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Grogan
- Corresponding author: Darryl D’Lima, MD, PhD, Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education, Scripps Health, 10666 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Joel Kopcow
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education, Scripps Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Darryl D’Lima
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education, Scripps Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
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5
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Jaiswal AN, Vagga A. Cryopreservation: A Review Article. Cureus 2022; 14:e31564. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Limone F, Klim JR, Mordes DA. Pluripotent stem cell strategies for rebuilding the human brain. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1017299. [PMID: 36408113 PMCID: PMC9667068 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1017299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders have been extremely challenging to treat with traditional drug-based approaches and curative therapies are lacking. Given continued progress in stem cell technologies, cell replacement strategies have emerged as concrete and potentially viable therapeutic options. In this review, we cover advances in methods used to differentiate human pluripotent stem cells into several highly specialized types of neurons, including cholinergic, dopaminergic, and motor neurons, and the potential clinical applications of stem cell-derived neurons for common neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, ataxia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Additionally, we summarize cellular differentiation techniques for generating glial cell populations, including oligodendrocytes and microglia, and their conceivable translational roles in supporting neural function. Clinical trials of specific cell replacement therapies in the nervous system are already underway, and several attractive avenues in regenerative medicine warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Limone
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Daniel A. Mordes
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Uhrig M, Ezquer F, Ezquer M. Improving Cell Recovery: Freezing and Thawing Optimization of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Cells 2022; 11:799. [PMID: 35269421 PMCID: PMC8909336 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Achieving good cell recovery after cryopreservation is an essential process when working with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). Optimized freezing and thawing methods are required for good cell attachment and survival. In this review, we concentrate on these two aspects, freezing and thawing, but also discuss further factors influencing cell recovery such as cell storage and transport. Whenever a problem occurs during the thawing process of iPSC, it is initially not clear what it is caused by, because there are many factors involved that can contribute to insufficient cell recovery. Thawing problems can usually be solved more quickly when a certain order of steps to be taken is followed. Under optimized conditions, iPSC should be ready for further experiments approximately 4-7 days after thawing and seeding. However, if the freezing and thawing protocols are not optimized, this time can increase up to 2-3 weeks, complicating any further experiments. Here, we suggest optimization steps and troubleshooting options for the freezing, thawing, and seeding of iPSC on feeder-free, Matrigel™-coated, cell culture plates whenever iPSC cannot be recovered in sufficient quality. This review applies to two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cell culture and to iPSC, passaged, frozen, and thawed as cell aggregates (clumps). Furthermore, we discuss usually less well-described factors such as the cell growth phase before freezing and the prevention of osmotic shock during thawing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Uhrig
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile;
| | | | - Marcelo Ezquer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile;
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8
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Zheng X, Liu J, Liu Z, Wang J. Bio-inspired Ice-controlling Materials for Cryopreservation of Cells and Tissues. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/a21020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Cryopreservation of Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-1638-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Improved in vivo efficacy of clinical-grade cryopreserved human hepatocytes in mice with acute liver failure. Cytotherapy 2020; 22:114-121. [PMID: 31987755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Clinical hepatocyte transplantation short-term efficacy has been demonstrated; however, some major limitations, mainly due to the shortage of organs, the lack of quality of isolated cells and the low cell engraftment after transplantation, should be solved for increasing its efficacy in clinical applications. Cellular stress during isolation causes an unpredictable loss of attachment ability of the cells, which can be aggravated by cryopreservation and thawing. In this work, we focused on the use of a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) solution compared with the standard cryopreservation medium, the University of Wisconsin medium, for the purpose of improving the functional quality of cells and their ability to engraft in vivo, with the idea of establishing a biobank of cryopreserved human hepatocytes available for their clinical use. We evaluated not only cell viability but also specific hepatic function indicators of the functional performance of the cells such as attachment efficiency, ureogenic capability, phase I and II enzymes activities and the expression of specific adhesion molecules in vitro. Additionally, we also assessed and compared the in vivo efficacy of human hepatocytes cryopreserved in different media in an animal model of acute liver failure. Human hepatocytes cryopreserved in the new GMP solution offered better in vitro and in vivo functionality compared with those cryopreserved in the standard medium. Overall, the results indicate that the new tested GMP solution maintains better hepatic functions and, most importantly, shows better results in vivo, which could imply an increase in long-term efficacy when used in patients.
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11
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Leitner D, Ramamoorthy M, Dejosez M, Zwaka TP. Immature mDA neurons ameliorate motor deficits in a 6-OHDA Parkinson's disease mouse model and are functional after cryopreservation. Stem Cell Res 2019; 41:101617. [PMID: 31731178 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is associated with the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. Clinical studies investigating replacement of these neurons with in vitro-generated neurons are currently underway. However, this approach has been limited by difficulties in scaling up on-demand production of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons from pluripotent stem cells. Cryo-preservation may offer a solution, as it allows for banking of quality controlled mDA neurons. In this study, we tested different freezing conditions and found that optimal cryopreservation of immature human mDA neurons at an early differentiation time point was achieved in STEM-CELLBANKER medium using a controlled freezing program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Leitner
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, United States; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States; Huffington Foundation Center for Cell-Based Research in Parkinson's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Mahesh Ramamoorthy
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, United States; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States; Huffington Foundation Center for Cell-Based Research in Parkinson's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Marion Dejosez
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, United States; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States; Huffington Foundation Center for Cell-Based Research in Parkinson's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Thomas P Zwaka
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, United States; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States; Huffington Foundation Center for Cell-Based Research in Parkinson's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States.
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12
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Baek SK, Cho YS, Kim IS, Jeon SB, Moon DK, Hwangbo C, Choi JW, Kim TS, Lee JH. A Rho-Associated Coiled-Coil Containing Kinase Inhibitor, Y-27632, Improves Viability of Dissociated Single Cells, Efficiency of Colony Formation, and Cryopreservation in Porcine Pluripotent Stem Cells. Cell Reprogram 2019; 21:37-50. [DOI: 10.1089/cell.2018.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Ki Baek
- Department of Animal Bioscience, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), IALS, PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Soo Cho
- Department of Animal Bioscience, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), IALS, PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Sung Kim
- Department of Animal Bioscience, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Been Jeon
- Department of Animal Bioscience, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Ky Moon
- Department of Animal Bioscience, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Hwangbo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), IALS, PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Division of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Choi
- College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Suk Kim
- Department of Animal Bioscience, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Hee Lee
- Department of Animal Bioscience, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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Liang X, Hu X, Hu Y, Zeng W, Zeng G, Ren Y, Liu Y, Chen K, Peng H, Ding H, Liu M. Recovery and functionality of cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells using five different xeno-free cryoprotective solutions. Cryobiology 2019; 86:25-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Yamazaki T, Enosawa S, Tokiwa T. Effect of cryopreservation on the appearance and liver function of hepatocyte-like cells in cultures of cirrhotic liver of biliary atresia. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2018; 54:401-405. [PMID: 29728912 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-018-0260-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we reported that non-parenchymal cell (NPC) fractions from cirrhotic liver of biliary atresia (BA) may contain stem/progenitor cells, and clusters of hepatocyte-like cells appear via hepatocyte growth factor/c-Met signaling in primary cultures of NPCs. BA is a rare and serious liver disease, and procurement of BA cells is difficult. Therefore, cryopreservation of BA liver cells is an unavoidable challenge. In this study, we examined the appearance and liver function of hepatocyte-like cells in cultures of BA liver-derived NPC fractions after cryopreservation for 1 or 6 mo using a chemically defined cryopreservation solution, STEM-CELLBANKER. Although a decrease in cell viability was observed in recovered cells after 1 mo of cryopreservation, clusters of hepatocyte-like cells appeared in the culture of cells that had been cryopreserved for 1 or 6 mo, similar to non-cryopreserved cells. In addition, these hepatocyte-like cells expressed hepatocyte-related mRNAs and demonstrated albumin production and glycogen storage. The present results suggest that hepatic stem/progenitor cells in NPC fractions may be efficiently cryopreserved, as demonstrated by the appearance of hepatocyte-like cells that show various hepatic functions even after cryopreservation. This study may lead to future BA cell therapy using the patient's own cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Yamazaki
- Department of Liver Cell Biology, Kohno Clinical Medicine Research Institute, 3-4-4 Kitashinagawa, Shinagawa-ku, 140-0001, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shin Enosawa
- Division for Advanced Medical Sciences, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, 157-8535, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Tokiwa
- Department of Liver Cell Biology, Kohno Clinical Medicine Research Institute, 3-4-4 Kitashinagawa, Shinagawa-ku, 140-0001, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Kinetic analysis of cell decay during the filling process: Application to lot size determination in manufacturing systems for human induced pluripotent and mesenchymal stem cells. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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16
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Noda M, Ma Y, Yoshikawa Y, Imanaka T, Mori T, Furuta M, Tsuruyama T, Yoshikawa K. A single-molecule assessment of the protective effect of DMSO against DNA double-strand breaks induced by photo-and γ-ray-irradiation, and freezing. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8557. [PMID: 28819291 PMCID: PMC5561226 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08894-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is widely used as a cryoprotectant for organs, tissues, and cell suspension in storage. In addition, DMSO is known to be a useful free radical scavenger and a radio-protectant. To date, many in vitro assays using cultured cells have been performed for analysing the protective effect of DMSO against genomic DNA damage; however, currently it has been rather difficult to detect DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) in a quantitative manner. In the present study, we aimed to observe the extent of DNA damage by use of single molecular observation with a fluorescence microscope to evaluate DSBs induced by photo- and γ-ray-irradiation, or freeze/thawing in variable concentrations of DMSO. As a result, we found that 2% DMSO conferred the maximum protective effect against all of the injury sources tested, and these effects were maintained at higher concentrations. Further, DMSO showed a significantly higher protective effect against freezing-induced damage than against photo- and γ-ray-irradiation-induced damage. Our study provides significant data for the optimization of DNA cryopreservation with DMSO, as well as for the usage of DNA as the protective agent against the injuries caused by active oxygen and radiations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masami Noda
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 610-0321, Japan
| | - Yue Ma
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 610-0321, Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 610-0321, Japan
| | - Tadayuki Imanaka
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Mori
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Quantum and Radiation Technology, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, 599-8570, Japan
| | - Masakazu Furuta
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Quantum and Radiation Technology, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, 599-8570, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Tsuruyama
- Drug Discovery and Medicine, Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 610-0321, Japan.
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Natalwala A, Kunath T. Preparation, characterization, and banking of clinical-grade cells for neural transplantation: Scale up, fingerprinting, and genomic stability of stem cell lines. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2017; 230:133-150. [PMID: 28552226 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a complex and progressive neurodegenerative condition that is characterized by the severe loss of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons, which innervate the striatum. Cell transplantation therapies to rebuild this dopaminergic network have been attempted for over 30 years. The most promising outcomes were observed when human fetal mesencephalic tissue was used as the source of cells for transplantation. However, reliance on terminations for a Parkinson's therapy presents significant logistical and ethical hurdles. An alternative source of transplantable mDA neurons is urgently needed, and the solution may come from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Protocols to differentiate hESCs/iPSCs toward mDA neurons are now robust and efficient, and upon grafting the cells rescue preclinical animal models of Parkinson's disease. The challenge now is to apply Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) to the academic discoveries and protocols to produce clinical-grade transplantable mDA cells. Major technical and logistical considerations include (i) source of hESC or iPSC line, (ii) GMP compliance of the differentiation protocol and all reagents, (iii) characterization of the cell product in terms of identity, safety, and efficacy, (iv) characterization of genomic state and stability, and (v) banking of a transplantation-ready cell product. Approaches and solutions to these challenges are reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Natalwala
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Translational Neurosurgery Group, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Tilo Kunath
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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Jang TH, Park SC, Yang JH, Kim JY, Seok JH, Park US, Choi CW, Lee SR, Han J. Cryopreservation and its clinical applications. Integr Med Res 2017; 6:12-18. [PMID: 28462139 PMCID: PMC5395684 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation is a process that preserves organelles, cells, tissues, or any other biological constructs by cooling the samples to very low temperatures. The responses of living cells to ice formation are of theoretical interest and practical relevance. Stem cells and other viable tissues, which have great potential for use in basic research as well as for many medical applications, cannot be stored with simple cooling or freezing for a long time because ice crystal formation, osmotic shock, and membrane damage during freezing and thawing will cause cell death. The successful cryopreservation of cells and tissues has been gradually increasing in recent years, with the use of cryoprotective agents and temperature control equipment. Continuous understanding of the physical and chemical properties that occur in the freezing and thawing cycle will be necessary for the successful cryopreservation of cells or tissues and their clinical applications. In this review, we briefly address representative cryopreservation processes, such as slow freezing and vitrification, and the available cryoprotective agents. In addition, some adverse effects of cryopreservation are mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ji Hyun Yang
- College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | | | | | - Ui Seo Park
- College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | | | - Sung Ryul Lee
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Jin Han
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea
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Shroff G, Vatsa D. Cell Viability of Human Embryonic Stem Cells Stored for a Period of 9 Years. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2016; 15:344-349. [PMID: 27938317 DOI: 10.6002/ect.2016.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Human embryonic stem cells are pluripotent cell lines usually derived from human blastocysts. Their potential critically depends on long-term proliferative capacity, developmental potential after prolonged culture, and karyotypic stability. Cell viability is an important parameter for assessing cell sample quality. Here, we elaborate the stored human embryonic stem cell lines' viability in a ready to use form for a period of 9 years (from 2007 to 2015). MATERIALS AND METHODS Spare pre implantation stage in vitro fertilized ovum-derived cell lines were cultured in suitable media. Thereafter, they were centrifuged at 1000 revolutions/min over 5 minutes, and pellets were suspended in normal saline. Next, they were tested for viability from storage at -20°C. After being allowed to thaw slowly, the cells were stained with propidium iodide and analyzed using flow cytometry. Images of cells were taken at ×40 and ×100 magnification. RESULTS At ×100 magnification, cell population size ranged from 0.2 to 2 μm. The percentage of live cells was more than 95% throughout the 9 years. Cells frozen in 2015 showed cell viability of 96.8%. CONCLUSIONS We observed high cell viability in our cell lines for 9 years. Human embryonic stem cell lines in a ready-to-use form can be preserved for long-term purposes. Thus, they could be made available globally.
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Zheng Y, Ji S, Wu H, Tian S, Zhang Y, Wang L, Fang H, Luo P, Wang X, Hu X, Xiao S, Xia Z. Topical administration of cryopreserved living micronized amnion accelerates wound healing in diabetic mice by modulating local microenvironment. Biomaterials 2016; 113:56-67. [PMID: 27810642 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 25% of diabetic patients suffer from diabetic lower-extremity ulcer throughout their lives and 7%-20% of patients will eventually need an amputation despite standard care treatment. The development of new therapies to treat diabetic wounds is urgent. In this study, we used cryopreserved living micronized amnion (300-600 μm) to treat wounds in diabetic mice. Post-thaw micronized amnion retained high cell viability, as well as intact cell morphology and membrane structure. When transplanted onto the wounds of db/db mice, the cryopreserved living micronized amnion greatly promoted wound healing in diabetic mice mainly by secreting growth, inflammation, and chemotaxis-related factors that regulated macrophage migration and phenotype switch, recruited CD34+ progenitor cells, and increased neovascularization. In addition, the micronized amnion matrix can exist in the dermis and serve as a long-term dermal scaffold. These results demonstrated the potential of the cryopreserved living micronized amnion as a ready-to-use living dermal substitute that addresses multiple defective physiological processes of impaired wounds to treat diabetic ulcers and other chronic wounds in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Zheng
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shizhao Ji
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Haibin Wu
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Tian
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunqing Zhang
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wang
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - He Fang
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Luo
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingtong Wang
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hu
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shichu Xiao
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhaofan Xia
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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21
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Zhang L, Xu Y, Xu J, Wei Y, Xu X. Protein kinase A inhibitor, H89, significantly enhances survival rate of dissociated human embryonic stem cells following cryopreservation. Cell Prolif 2016; 49:589-98. [PMID: 27484641 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have huge potential for establishment of disease models and for treating degenerative diseases. However, the extremely low survival level of dissociated hESCs following cryopreservation is been a tremendous problem to allow for their rapid expansion, genetic manipulation and future medical applications. In this study, we have aimed to develop an efficient strategy to improve survival of dissociated hESCs after cryopreservation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human embryonic stem cells (H9 line), dissociated into single cells, were cryopreserved using the slow-freezing method. Viable cells and their colony numbers in culture after cryopreservation were evaluated when treated with protein kinase A inhibitor H89. Western blotting was carried out to investigate mechanisms of low survival levels of dissociated hESCs following cryopreservation. Immunofluorescence, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), in vitro and in vivo differentiation were performed to testify to pluripotency and differentiation ability of hte cryopreserved cells treated with H89. RESULTS H89 significantly improved survival level of dissociated hESCs after cryopreservation through ROCK inhibition. H89-treated cells still maintained their pluripotency and differentiation capacity. CONCLUSIONS This new approach for cryopreservation of single hESCs, using H89, can promote potential use of hESCs in regenerative medicine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jiandong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuping Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
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22
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Using Stem Cells to Grow Artificial Tissue for Peripheral Nerve Repair. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:7502178. [PMID: 27212954 PMCID: PMC4861803 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7502178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury continues to pose a clinical hurdle despite its frequency and advances in treatment. Unlike the central nervous system, neurons of the peripheral nervous system have a greater ability to regenerate. However, due to a number of confounding factors, this is often both incomplete and inadequate. The lack of supportive Schwann cells or their inability to maintain a regenerative phenotype is a major factor. Advances in nervous system tissue engineering technology have led to efforts to build Schwann cell scaffolds to overcome this and enhance the regenerative capacity of neurons following injury. Stem cells that can differentiate along a neural lineage represent an essential resource and starting material for this process. In this review, we discuss the different stem cell types that are showing promise for nervous system tissue engineering in the context of peripheral nerve injury. We also discuss some of the biological, practical, ethical, and commercial considerations in using these different stem cells for future clinical application.
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23
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Shimazu T, Mori Y, Takahashi A, Tsunoda H, Tojo A, Nagamura-Inoue T. Serum- and xeno-free cryopreservation of human umbilical cord tissue as mesenchymal stromal cell source. Cytotherapy 2016; 17:593-600. [PMID: 25881518 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2015.03.604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Human umbilical cord (UC) has become a notable source for mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) that can migrate to areas of inflammation and damaged tissue and can suppress excess immune reactions and to repair, respectively. Although UC is a solid tissue, there are several advantages, including repeatable uses from the same donor sample when needed and the possibility of future explorations for cells with unknown potential, if we could cryopreserve the UC as a living tissue material. However, because the cryoprotectants in the previous reports included animal- or allogeneic human-derived serum or no serum, the frozen-thawed UC-MSCs were inferior to fresh UC-MSCs in cell proliferation. The objective of this study was to find a suitable cryopreservation method of UC for clinical use. METHODS The UC was cut in cross-section and incised longitudinally, immersed in the cryoprotectant and frozen slowly. Later, it was thawed and minced rapidly, and the fragments of UC were cultured by improved explant method. RESULTS The highest yield of cells was obtained from frozen-thawed UC with serum- and xeno-free cryoprotectant, STEM-CELLBANKER, when compared with others. The cells derived from frozen-thawed UC stored in STEM-CELLBANKER expressed the phenotypes of MSCs, retained the immunosuppressive properties in allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions and the differentiation potentials (into adipocyte and chondrocytes) comparable to those derived from fresh UC. CONCLUSIONS UC can be cryopreserved in serum- and xeno-free cryoprotectant as a living tissue while keeping its growth and functions equivalent to fresh UC. Our method is simple and feasible for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Shimazu
- Department of Cell Processing and Transfusion, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Mori
- Department of Cell Processing and Transfusion, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuko Takahashi
- Department of Cell Processing and Transfusion, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Tsunoda
- Department of Obstetrics, NTT Medical Center Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arinobu Tojo
- Department of Cell Processing and Transfusion, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Molecular Therapy, Center for Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tokiko Nagamura-Inoue
- Department of Cell Processing and Transfusion, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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24
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Zou Q, Wu M, Zhong L, Fan Z, Zhang B, Chen Q, Ma F. Development of a Xeno-Free Feeder-Layer System from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Prolonged Expansion of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Culture. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149023. [PMID: 26882313 PMCID: PMC4755601 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Various feeder layers have been extensively applied to support the prolonged growth of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) for in vitro cultures. Among them, mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) and mouse fibroblast cell line (SNL) are most commonly used feeder cells for hPSCs culture. However, these feeder layers from animal usually cause immunogenic contaminations, which compromises the potential of hPSCs in clinical applications. In the present study, we tested human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) as a potent xeno-free feeder system for maintaining human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). The hUC-MSCs showed characteristics of MSCs in xeno-free culture condition. On the mitomycin-treated hUC-MSCs feeder, hiPSCs maintained the features of undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), such as low efficiency of spontaneous differentiation, stable expression of stemness markers, maintenance of normal karyotypes, in vitro pluripotency and in vivo ability to form teratomas, even after a prolonged culture of more than 30 passages. Our study indicates that the xeno-free culture system may be a good candidate for growth and expansion of hiPSCs as the stepping stone for stem cell research to further develop better and safer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zou
- Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Sichuan Neo-life Stem Cell Biotech INC., Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Center for Stem Cell Research & Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingjun Wu
- Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Sichuan Neo-life Stem Cell Biotech INC., Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liwu Zhong
- Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Sichuan Neo-life Stem Cell Biotech INC., Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhaoxin Fan
- Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Sichuan Neo-life Stem Cell Biotech INC., Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Sichuan Neo-life Stem Cell Biotech INC., Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Sichuan Neo-life Stem Cell Biotech INC., Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Center for Stem Cell Research & Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- * E-mail: (FM); (QC)
| | - Feng Ma
- Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Sichuan Neo-life Stem Cell Biotech INC., Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Center for Stem Cell Research & Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- * E-mail: (FM); (QC)
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25
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Nishiyama Y, Iwanami A, Kohyama J, Itakura G, Kawabata S, Sugai K, Nishimura S, Kashiwagi R, Yasutake K, Isoda M, Matsumoto M, Nakamura M, Okano H. Safe and efficient method for cryopreservation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem and progenitor cells by a programmed freezer with a magnetic field. Neurosci Res 2016; 107:20-9. [PMID: 26804710 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells represent a potential cellular resource in the development of regenerative medicine approaches to the treatment of pathologies in which specific cells are degenerated or damaged by genetic abnormality, disease, or injury. Securing sufficient supplies of cells suited to the demands of cell transplantation, however, remains challenging, and the establishment of safe and efficient cell banking procedures is an important goal. Cryopreservation allows the storage of stem cells for prolonged time periods while maintaining them in adequate condition for use in clinical settings. Conventional cryopreservation systems include slow-freezing and vitrification both have advantages and disadvantages in terms of cell viability and/or scalability. In the present study, we developed an advanced slow-freezing technique using a programmed freezer with a magnetic field called Cells Alive System (CAS) and examined its effectiveness on human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem/progenitor cells (hiPSC-NS/PCs). This system significantly increased cell viability after thawing and had less impact on cellular proliferation and differentiation. We further found that frozen-thawed hiPSC-NS/PCs were comparable with non-frozen ones at the transcriptome level. Given these findings, we suggest that the CAS is useful for hiPSC-NS/PCs banking for clinical uses involving neural disorders and may open new avenues for future regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Nishiyama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Akio Iwanami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Jun Kohyama
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Go Itakura
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Soya Kawabata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Keiko Sugai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Soraya Nishimura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Rei Kashiwagi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kaori Yasutake
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Miho Isoda
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Regenerative and Cellular Medicine Office, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
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26
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Miki T, Wong W, Zhou E, Gonzalez A, Garcia I, Grubbs BH. Biological impact of xeno-free chemically defined cryopreservation medium on amniotic epithelial cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:8. [PMID: 26758986 PMCID: PMC4711023 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0258-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Amnion-derived stem cells have been proposed for cell replacement therapy and tissue regeneration. An easily accessible cell source, the placenta, allows us to potentially establish a bio-bank of cells for immunotype matched clinical applications. Several xeno-free (XF) cryopreservation media are currently available for pluripotent stem cells, however, these media have not yet been evaluated for the cryopreservation of amnion-derived stem cells. Methods Human amniotic epithelial cells were collected using standard protocols, and stored at −160 °C in one of five commercially available media. Cells frozen in standard media containing fetal bovine serum served as controls. Cells were then thawed, and evaluated for viability, mitochondrial membrane stability, and senescence status. Quantitative real time PCR was utilized to assess for expression of stem cell genes, and flow cytometry was used to identify the stem cell surface markers. Results Cell recovery and repopulation assays indicated no significant difference between XF media versus standard cryopreservation medium. In addition, no impact was observed on the senescence status, the cytostructural or mitochondrial morphology between the tested cryopreservation media. Differences were observed on the expression of stem cell marker genes (OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG) and a cell surface marker (TRA1-60) following cryopreservation in different chemically defined XF media, however, these were not statistically significant. Conclusions Xeno-free cryopreservation of human amnion-derived stem cells is feasible and can be standardized to establish a bio-bank with human amnion-derived stem cells for future clinical application. Optimization of this media may allow for improved preservation of stem cell-like characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Miki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Wisia Wong
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Elton Zhou
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Anthony Gonzalez
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Irving Garcia
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Brendan H Grubbs
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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27
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Meng G, Poon A, Liu S, Rancourt DE. An Effective and Reliable Xeno-free Cryopreservation Protocol for Single Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1516:47-56. [PMID: 27032942 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2016_322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Efficient cryopreservation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in chemically defined, xeno-free conditions is highly desirable for medical research and clinical applications such as cell-based therapies. Here we present a simple and effective slow freezing-rapid thawing protocol for the cryopreservation of feeder-free, single hPSCs. This cryopreservation protocol involves the supplementation of 10 % dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 10 μM Rho-associated kinase inhibitor Y-27632 into two types of xeno-free, defined media supplements (Knockout Serum Replacement and TeSR2). High post-thaw cell recovery (~90 %) and cell expansion (~70 %) can be achieved using this protocol. The cryopreserved single cells retain the morphological characteristics of hPSCs and differentiation capabilities of pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Meng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Anna Poon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Shiying Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Derrick E Rancourt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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28
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Zheng Y, Ji S, Wu H, Tian S, Wang X, Luo P, Fang H, Wang Z, Wang J, Wang Z, Xiao S, Xia Z. Acceleration of diabetic wound healing by a cryopreserved living dermal substitute created by micronized amnion seeded with fibroblasts. Am J Transl Res 2015; 7:2683-2693. [PMID: 26885266 PMCID: PMC4731666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bioengineered dermal substitutes have been used for the treatment of diabetic ulcers in clinics and achieved satisfactory results. However, constructing traditional tissue engineered dermal substitutes with two-step method is high-cost, time-consuming and greatly decreases fibroblast proliferative activity because of repeated trypsinization. Inthisstudy, we created a 3D micronized amniotic membrane (mAM) and used it as a natural microcarrier for ex vivo culture and amplification of human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) combined with the rotary cell culture system (RCCS). This one-step mAM-RCCS method couldamplify HDF quickly and construct a dermal substitute HDF-mAM simultaneously. To facilitate the clinical application of mAM-RCCS, anoptimized storage method was used.Post-thawing HDF-mAM retained high cell viability, intact cell morphology and active peptide secretion. When transplanted to the wounds of db/db mice, cryopreserved HDF-mAM promoted vascularization and diabetic wound healing significantly. These results demonstrate the potential application of cryopreserved HDF-mAM as a living dermal substitutefor treating diabetic ulcers and other chronic wounds in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Zheng
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Shizhao Ji
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Haibin Wu
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Song Tian
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Xingtong Wang
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Luo
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - He Fang
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongshan Wang
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Shichu Xiao
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaofan Xia
- Burns Center of Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China
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Xu Y, Zhang L, Xu J, Wei Y, Xu X. Sensitivity of human embryonic stem cells to different conditions during cryopreservation. Cryobiology 2015; 71:486-92. [PMID: 26548334 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2015.10.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Low cell recovery rate of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) resulting from cryopreservation damages leads to the difficulty in their successful commercialization of clinical applications. Hence in this study, sensitivity of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to different cooling rates, ice seeding and cryoprotective agent (CPA) types was compared and cell viability and recovery after cryopreservation under different cooling conditions were assessed. Both extracellular and intracellular ice formation were observed. Reactive oxidative species (ROS) accumulation of hESCs was determined. Cryopreservation of hESCs at 1 °C/min with the ice seeding and at the theoretically predicted optimal cooling rate (TPOCR) led to lower level of intracellular ROS, and prevented irregular and big ice clump formation compared with cryopreservation at 1 °C/min. This strategy further resulted in a significant increase in the hESC recovery when glycerol and 1,2-propanediol were used as the CPAs, but no increase for Me2SO. hESCs after cryopreservation under all the tested conditions still maintained their pluripotency. Our results provide guidance for improving the hESC cryopreservation recovery through the combination of CPA type, cooling rate and ice seeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Jiandong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Yuping Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Xia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
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Pogozhykh D, Prokopyuk V, Pogozhykh O, Mueller T, Prokopyuk O. Influence of Factors of Cryopreservation and Hypothermic Storage on Survival and Functional Parameters of Multipotent Stromal Cells of Placental Origin. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139834. [PMID: 26431528 PMCID: PMC4592233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human placenta is a highly perspective source of multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) both for the purposes of patient specific auto-banking and allogeneic application in regenerative medicine. Implementation of new GMP standards into clinical practice enforces the search for relevant methods of cryopreservation and short-term hypothermic storage of placental MSCs. In this paper we analyze the effect of different temperature regimes and individual components of cryoprotective media on viability, metabolic and culture properties of placental MSCs. We demonstrate (I) the possibility of short-term hypothermic storage of these cells; (II) determine DMSO and propanediol as the most appropriate cryoprotective agents; (III) show the possibility of application of volume expanders (plasma substituting solutions based on dextran or polyvinylpyrrolidone); (IV) reveal the priority of ionic composition over the serum content in cryopreservation media; (V) determine a cooling rate of 1°C/min down to -40°C followed by immersion into liquid nitrogen as the optimal cryopreservation regime for this type of cells. This study demonstrates perspectives for creation of new defined cryopreservation methods towards GMP standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denys Pogozhykh
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Volodymyr Prokopyuk
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Olena Pogozhykh
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Olga Prokopyuk
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
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Nishishita N, Muramatsu M, Kawamata S. An effective freezing/thawing method for human pluripotent stem cells cultured in chemically-defined and feeder-free conditions. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS 2015; 4:38-49. [PMID: 25973330 PMCID: PMC4396159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Culturing human Pluripotent Stem Cells (hPSC)s in chemically defined medium and feeder-free condition can facilitate metabolome and proteome analysis of culturing cells and medium, and reduce regulatory concerns for clinical application of cells. And in addition, if hPSC are passaged and cryopreserved in single cells it also facilitates quality control of cells at single cell level. Here we report a robust single cell freezing and thawing method of hPSCs cultured in chemically-defined medium TeSR(TM)-E8(TM) and on cost-effective recombinant human Vitronectin-N (rhVTN-N)-coated dish. Cells are dissociated into single cells with recombinant TrypLE(TM) Select and 0.5 mM EDTA/PBS (3:1 solution) in the presence of Rock inhibitor and cryopreserved with chemically defined CryoStem(TM). Approximately 60% of cells were viable after dissociation. Aggrewell(TM) 400 was used to form cell clumps of 500 cells after thaw in the presence of Rock inhibitor and cells were cultured for two days with TeSR-E8. Cells clumps were then seeded on rhVTN-N-coated dish and cultured with TeSR-E8 for two days prior to the first passage after thawing. Number of viable cells at the first passage increased around 10 times of that just before freezing. This robust single cell freezing method for hPSCs cultured in chemically defined medium will facilitate quality control of cultured cells at single cell level before cryopreservation and consequently assure the quality of cells in frozen vials for further manipulation after thawing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Nishishita
- Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation TRI#308, 1-5-4 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0043, Japan
| | - Marie Muramatsu
- Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation TRI#308, 1-5-4 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0043, Japan
| | - Shin Kawamata
- Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation TRI#308, 1-5-4 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0043, Japan
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Defined serum- and xeno-free cryopreservation of mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Tissue Bank 2014; 16:181-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s10561-014-9463-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Imaizumi K, Nishishita N, Muramatsu M, Yamamoto T, Takenaka C, Kawamata S, Kobayashi K, Nishikawa SI, Akuta T. A simple and highly effective method for slow-freezing human pluripotent stem cells using dimethyl sulfoxide, hydroxyethyl starch and ethylene glycol. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88696. [PMID: 24533137 PMCID: PMC3922972 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitrification and slow-freezing methods have been used for the cryopreservation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Vitrification requires considerable skill and post-thaw recovery is low. Furthermore, it is not suitable for cryopreservation of large numbers of hPSCs. While slow-freezing methods for hPSCs are easy to perform, they are usually preceded by a complicated cell dissociation process that yields poor post-thaw survival. To develop a robust and easy slow-freezing method for hPSCs, several different cryopreservation cocktails were prepared by modifying a commercially available freezing medium (CP-1™) containing hydroxyethyl starch (HES), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in saline. The new freezing media were examined for their cryopreservation efficacy in combination with several different cell detachment methods. hPSCs in cryopreservation medium were slowly cooled in a conventional −80°C freezer and thawed rapidly. hPSC colonies were dissociated with several proteases. Ten percent of the colonies were passaged without cryopreservation and another 10% were cryopreserved, and then the recovery ratio was determined by comparing the number of Alkaline Phosphatase-positive colonies after thawing at day 5 with those passaged without cryopreservation at day 5. We found that cell detachment with Pronase/EDTA followed by cryopreservation using 6% HES, 5% DMSO, and 5% ethylene glycol (EG) in saline (termed CP-5E) achieved post-thaw recoveries over 80%. In summary, we have developed a new cryopreservation medium free of animal products for slow-freezing. This easy and robust cryopreservation method could be used widely for basic research and for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Imaizumi
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Kobe office, RIKEN Cell Tech Co. Ltd., Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Naoki Nishishita
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Division of Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Marie Muramatsu
- Division of Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takako Yamamoto
- Division of Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Chiemi Takenaka
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Division of Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shin Kawamata
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Division of Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- * E-mail: (SK); (TA)
| | - Kenichiro Kobayashi
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Research, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Nishikawa
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Teruo Akuta
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Kobe office, RIKEN Cell Tech Co. Ltd., Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- * E-mail: (SK); (TA)
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Ono T, Suzuki Y, Kato Y, Fujita R, Araki T, Yamashita T, Kato H, Torii R, Sato N. A single-cell and feeder-free culture system for monkey embryonic stem cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88346. [PMID: 24505480 PMCID: PMC3915054 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Primate pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), hold great potential for research and application in regenerative medicine and drug discovery. To maximize primate PSC potential, a practical system is required for generating desired functional cells and reproducible differentiation techniques. Much progress regarding their culture systems has been reported to date; however, better methods would still be required for their practical use, particularly in industrial and clinical fields. Here we report a new single-cell and feeder-free culture system for primate PSCs, the key feature of which is an originally formulated serum-free medium containing FGF and activin. In this culture system, cynomolgus monkey ESCs can be passaged many times by single-cell dissociation with traditional trypsin treatment and can be propagated with a high proliferation rate as a monolayer without any feeder cells; further, typical PSC properties and genomic stability can be retained. In addition, it has been demonstrated that monkey ESCs maintained in the culture system can be used for various experiments such as in vitro differentiation and gene manipulation. Thus, compared with the conventional culture system, monkey ESCs grown in the aforementioned culture system can serve as a cell source with the following practical advantages: simple, stable, and easy cell maintenance; gene manipulation; cryopreservation; and desired differentiation. We propose that this culture system can serve as a reliable platform to prepare primate PSCs useful for future research and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ono
- Discovery Molecular Pharmacology Department, Discovery Screening Center, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Discovery Molecular Pharmacology Department, Discovery Screening Center, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kato
- Discovery Molecular Pharmacology Department, Discovery Screening Center, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Risako Fujita
- Discovery Molecular Pharmacology Department, Discovery Screening Center, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Araki
- Discovery Molecular Pharmacology Department, Discovery Screening Center, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamashita
- Discovery Molecular Pharmacology Department, Discovery Screening Center, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Kato
- Division of Developmental Biology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ryuzo Torii
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Naoya Sato
- Discovery Molecular Pharmacology Department, Discovery Screening Center, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Abbasalizadeh S, Baharvand H. Technological progress and challenges towards cGMP manufacturing of human pluripotent stem cells based therapeutic products for allogeneic and autologous cell therapies. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 31:1600-23. [PMID: 23962714 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent technological advances in the generation, characterization, and bioprocessing of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have created new hope for their use as a source for production of cell-based therapeutic products. To date, a few clinical trials that have used therapeutic cells derived from hESCs have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), but numerous new hPSC-based cell therapy products are under various stages of development in cell therapy-specialized companies and their future market is estimated to be very promising. However, the multitude of critical challenges regarding different aspects of hPSC-based therapeutic product manufacturing and their therapies have made progress for the introduction of new products and clinical applications very slow. These challenges include scientific, technological, clinical, policy, and financial aspects. The technological aspects of manufacturing hPSC-based therapeutic products for allogeneic and autologous cell therapies according to good manufacturing practice (cGMP) quality requirements is one of the most important challenging and emerging topics in the development of new hPSCs for clinical use. In this review, we describe main critical challenges and highlight a series of technological advances in all aspects of hPSC-based therapeutic product manufacturing including clinical grade cell line development, large-scale banking, upstream processing, downstream processing, and quality assessment of final cell therapeutic products that have brought hPSCs closer to clinical application and commercial cGMP manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Abbasalizadeh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Holm F, Nikdin H, Kjartansdóttir KR, Gaudenzi G, Fried K, Aspenström P, Hermanson O, Bergström-Tengzelius R. Passaging Techniques and ROCK Inhibitor Exert Reversible Effects on Morphology and Pluripotency Marker Gene Expression of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Lines. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:1883-92. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Frida Holm
- Department of Neuroscience, Linnaeus Center in Developmental Biology for Regenerative Medicine (DBRM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hero Nikdin
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristín Rós Kjartansdóttir
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit Q2:08, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giulia Gaudenzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Linnaeus Center in Developmental Biology for Regenerative Medicine (DBRM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kaj Fried
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pontus Aspenström
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ola Hermanson
- Department of Neuroscience, Linnaeus Center in Developmental Biology for Regenerative Medicine (DBRM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Selekman JA, Grundl NJ, Kolz JM, Palecek SP. Efficient generation of functional epithelial and epidermal cells from human pluripotent stem cells under defined conditions. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2013; 19:949-60. [PMID: 23560510 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2013.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have an unparalleled potential to generate limitless quantities of any somatic cell type. However, current methods for producing populations of various somatic cell types from hPSCs are generally not standardized and typically incorporate undefined cell culture components often resulting in variable differentiation efficiencies and poor reproducibility. To address this, we have developed a defined approach for generating epithelial progenitor and epidermal cells from hPSCs. In doing so, we have identified an optimal starting cell density to maximize yield and maintain high purity of K18+/p63+ simple epithelial progenitors. In addition, we have shown that the use of synthetic, defined substrates in lieu of Matrigel and gelatin can successfully facilitate efficient epithelial differentiation, maintaining a high (>75%) purity of K14+/p63+ keratinocyte progenitor cells and at a two to threefold higher yield than a previously reported undefined differentiation method. These K14+/p63+ cells also exhibited a higher expansion potential compared to cells generated using an undefined differentiation protocol and were able to terminally differentiate and recapitulate an epidermal tissue architecture in vitro. In summary, we have demonstrated the production of populations of functional epithelial and epidermal cells from multiple hPSC lines using a new, completely defined differentiation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Selekman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin
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Li Y, Ma T. Bioprocessing of cryopreservation for large-scale banking of human pluripotent stem cells. Biores Open Access 2013; 1:205-14. [PMID: 23515461 PMCID: PMC3559214 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2012.0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived cell therapy requires production of therapeutic cells in large quantity, which starts from thawing the cryopreserved cells from a working cell bank or a master cell bank. An optimal cryopreservation and thaw process determines the efficiency of hPSC expansion and plays a significant role in the subsequent lineage-specific differentiation. However, cryopreservation in hPSC bioprocessing has been a challenge due to the unique growth requirements of hPSC, the sensitivity to cryoinjury, and the unscalable cryopreservation procedures commonly used in the laboratory. Tremendous progress has been made to identify the regulatory pathways regulating hPSC responses during cryopreservation and the development of small molecule interventions that effectively improves the efficiency of cryopreservation. The adaption of these methods in current good manufacturing practices (cGMP)-compliant cryopreservation processes not only improves cell survival, but also their therapeutic potency. This review summarizes the advances in these areas and discusses the technical requirements in the development of cGMP-compliant hPSC cryopreservation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida
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T'Joen V, Cornelissen R. Xeno-free plant-derived hydrolysate-based freezing of human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 2012; 21:1716-25. [PMID: 21867427 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2011.0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are one of the most interesting cell types for tissue engineering and cell therapy. The large-scale banking of hESCs for research and future clinical application requires economic, defined, and xeno-free cryopreservation protocols. In this study, the possibility to substitute knockout serum replacement (KO-SR) in the cryopreservation process with vegetal and synthetic hydrolysates was investigated. To our knowledge, the use of hydrolysates in hESC cryopreservation has not been yet explored. Initially, 3 different hydrolysates (Ultrapep Soy, Hypep 4601 and EX-CELL(®) CD Hydrolysate Fusion) were tested in the cryopreservation solution. A concentration of 8 mg/mL EX-CELL CD Hydrolysate Fusion in the cryopreservation solution leads to the highest recovery ratio; thus, this solution was selected for additional cryopreservation experiments. To ensure reproducibility of the results, 3 hESC lines (HS181, H9, and BG01) were used. The hESCs were collected prefreezing by application of collagenase IV and cell dissociation solution. Experiments showed that it was feasible to substitute the KO-SR in both the cryopreservation solution as the thawing solution. The obtained recovery ratios were comparable to those obtained with KO-SR (no statistical significant difference; Student's t-test, P<0.05). Further optimization protocols showed a doubling of the obtained recovery ratio after addition of Rock-inhibitor Y-27632 post-thawing. The expansion profile and pluripotency analysis revealed no changes in normal hESC behavior. We conclude that the application of vegetal or synthetic hydrolysates is suitable for xeno-free hESC cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronique T'Joen
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Ghent University-UGent, Gent, Belgium.
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Saliem M, Holm F, Tengzelius RB, Jorns C, Nilsson LM, Ericzon BG, Ellis E, Hovatta O. Improved cryopreservation of human hepatocytes using a new xeno free cryoprotectant solution. World J Hepatol 2012; 4:176-83. [PMID: 22662286 PMCID: PMC3365437 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v4.i5.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To optimize a xeno-free cryopreservation protocol for primary human hepatocytes. METHODS The demand for cryopreserved hepatocytes is increasing for both clinical and research purposes. Despite several hepatocyte cryopreservation protocols being available, improvements are urgently needed. We first compared controlled rate freezing to polystyrene box freezing and did not find any significant change between the groups. Using the polystyrene box freezing, we compared two xeno-free freezing solutions for freezing of primary human hepatocytes: a new medium (STEM-CELLBANKER, CB), which contains dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) and anhydrous dextrose, both permeating and non-permeating cryoprotectants, and the frequently used DMSO - University of Wisconsin (DMSO-UW) medium. The viability of the hepatocytes was assessed by the trypan blue exclusion method as well as a calcein-esterase based live-dead assay before and after cryopreservation. The function of the hepatocytes was evaluated before and after cryopreservation by assessing enzymatic activity of 6 major cytochrome P450 isoforms (CYPs): CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A4 and CYP3A7. RESULTS The new cryoprotectant combination preserved hepatocyte viability significantly better than the standard DMSO-UW protocol (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in viability estimation between both the trypan blue (TB) and the Live-Dead Assay methods. There was a correlation between viability of fresh hepatocytes and the difference in cell viability between CB and DMSO protocols (r(2) = 0.69) using the TB method. However, due to high within-group variability in the activities of the major CYPs, any statistical between-group differences were precluded. Cryopreservation of human hepatocytes using the cryoprotectant combination was a simple and xeno-free procedure yielding better hepatocyte viability. Thus, it may be a better alternative to the standard DMSO-UW protocol. Estimating CYP activities did not seem to be a relevant way to compare hepatocyte function between different groups due to high normal variability between different liver samples. CONCLUSION The cryoprotectant combination may be a better alternative to the standard DMSO-UW protocol in primary human hepatocyte cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Saliem
- Mohammed Saliem, Frida Holm, Rosita Bergström Tengzelius, Outi Hovatta, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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Schulz JC, Germann A, Kemp-Kamke B, Mazzotta A, von Briesen H, Zimmermann H. Towards a xeno-free and fully chemically defined cryopreservation medium for maintaining viability, recovery, and antigen-specific functionality of PBMC during long-term storage. J Immunol Methods 2012; 382:24-31. [PMID: 22580762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2012.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of cryopreserved peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMC) is important for evaluating new vaccines in immune based therapies and in pathogenesis studies. To ensure comparable assay results from different laboratories and points of time, collaborative research in multicenter trials needs reliable and reproducible cryopreservation protocols that maintain cell viability and functionality. Current cryomedia consist largely of fetal bovine serum (FBS), a natural mix of growth factors, cytokines, and undefined compounds. Standardized procedures are not possible, as FBS can affect the antigen-specific T-cell response, the most important parameter in functionality assays. Also, worldwide sample exchange is complicated by the strict import restrictions on FBS, because of transfection risk. After establishing a serum-free cryopreservation protocol that maintains cell viability, recovery and antigen-specific T-cell response of PBMC comparably to FBS-based cryomedia (Germann et al., 2011), the aim of this study was the complete avoidance of animal proteins and products in combination with efficient cryopreservation. As long-term stability of the cryopreservation process is crucial for retrospective evaluation of samples at different points of time, PBMC were analyzed after storage for maximal four weeks and again after approximately six months. The cryopreservation efficiency of the protein-free and fully chemically defined cryomedium was comparable to FBS-medium after storage for few weeks and several months. Directly after thawing, this medium yielded viabilities over 97% and recovery values over 84%. Also, the specific T-cell functionality was preserved. Additionally, short-term and six month cryopreservation gave comparable results. The fully chemically defined medium presented here will increase standardization and reproducibility of analysis in multicenter-studies or in retrospective evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Schulz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering, 66386 St. Ingbert, Germany
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Mochiduki Y, Okita K. Methods for iPS cell generation for basic research and clinical applications. Biotechnol J 2012; 7:789-97. [PMID: 22378737 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201100356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Revised: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The induction of pluripotency can be achieved by forced expression of defined factors in somatic cells. The established cells, termed induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, have pluripotency and an infinite capacity for self-renewal in common with embryonic stem (ES) cells. Patient-specific iPS cells could be a useful source for drug discovery and cell transplantation therapies; however, the original method for iPS cell generation had several issues that were obstacles to their clinical application. Recent studies have brought about various improvements for iPS cell generation and uncovered several characteristics of iPS cells. Here we summarize the current status of iPS cell studies, with a focus on the improved methods that can be used to generate iPS cells, and also refer to the future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Mochiduki
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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43
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Abstract
Stem cell culture systems that rely on undefined animal-derived components introduce variability to the cultures and complicate their therapeutic use. The derivation of human embryonic stem cells and the development of methods to produce induced pluripotent stem cells combined with their potential to treat human diseases have accelerated the drive to develop xenogenic-free, chemically defined culture systems that support pluripotent self-renewal and directed differentiation. In this chapter, we describe four xeno-free culture systems that have been successful in supporting undifferentiated growth of hPSCs as well as methods for xeno-free subculture and cryopreservation of hPSCs. Each culture system consists of a xeno-free growth medium and xeno-free substratum: (1) TeSR2™ with human recombinant laminin (LN-511); (2) NutriStem™ with LN-511; (3) RegES™ with human foreskin fibroblasts (hFFs); (4) KO-SR Xeno-Free™/GF cocktail with CELLstart™ matrix.
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Zeisberger SM, Schulz JC, Mairhofer M, Ponsaerts P, Wouters G, Doerr D, Katsen-Globa A, Ehrbar M, Hescheler J, Hoerstrup SP, Zisch AH, Kolbus A, Zimmermann H. Biological and Physicochemical Characterization of a Serum-and Xeno-Free Chemically Defined Cryopreservation Procedure for Adult Human Progenitor Cells. Cell Transplant 2011; 20:1241-57. [DOI: 10.3727/096368910x547426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
While therapeutic cell transplantations using progenitor cells are increasingly evolving towards phase I and II clinical trials and chemically defined cell culture is established, standardization in biobanking is still in the stage of infancy. In this study, the EU FP6-funded CRYSTAL (CRYo-banking of Stem cells for human Therapeutic AppLication) consortium aimed to validate novel Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to perform and validate xeno-free and chemically defined cryopreservation of human progenitor cells and to reduce the amount of the potentially toxic cryoprotectant additive (CPA) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). To achieve this goal, three human adult progenitor and stem cell populations—umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived erythroid cells (UCB-ECs), UCB-derived endothelial colony forming cells (UCB-ECFCs), and adipose tissue (AT)-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AT-MSCs)—were cryopreserved in chemically defined medium supplemented with 10% or 5% DMSO. Cell recovery, cell repopulation, and functionality were evaluated postthaw in comparison to cryopreservation in standard fetal bovine serum (FBS)-containing freezing medium. Even with a reduction of the DMSO CPA to 5%, postthaw cell count and viability assays indicated no overall significant difference versus standard cryomedium. Additionally, to compare cellular morphology/membrane integrity and ice crystal formation during cryopreservation, multiphoton laser-scanning cryomicroscopy (cryo-MPLSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used. Neither cryo-MPLSM nor SEM indicated differences in membrane integrity for the tested cell populations under various conditions. Moreover, no influence was observed on functional properties of the cells following cryopreservation in chemically defined freezing medium, except for UCB-ECs, which showed a significantly reduced differentiation capacity after cryopreservation in chemically defined medium supplemented with 5% DMSO. In summary, these results demonstrate the feasibility and robustness of standardized xeno-free cryopreservation of different human progenitor cells and encourage their use even more in the field of tissue-engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen M. Zeisberger
- Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Center for Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Zurich and University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia C. Schulz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering, St. Ingbert, Germany
| | - Mario Mairhofer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Ponsaerts
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Daniel Doerr
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering, St. Ingbert, Germany
| | | | - Martin Ehrbar
- Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jurgen Hescheler
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Neurophysiology, and Center of Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon P. Hoerstrup
- Swiss Center for Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Zurich and University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas H. Zisch
- Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Kolbus
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heiko Zimmermann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering, St. Ingbert, Germany
- University of Saarland/Chair of Molecular and Cellular Biotechnology/Nanotechnology, Saarbrucken, Germany
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Coopman K. Large-scale compatible methods for the preservation of human embryonic stem cells: Current perspectives. Biotechnol Prog 2011; 27:1511-21. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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T'Joen V, De Grande L, Declercq H, Cornelissen M. An efficient, economical slow-freezing method for large-scale human embryonic stem cell banking. Stem Cells Dev 2011; 21:721-8. [PMID: 21635216 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2011.0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are one of the most interesting cell types for tissue engineering, cell therapy, basic scientific research, and drug screening. Fast advancement in these areas requires the availability of large amounts of safe and well-characterized hESCs from hESC banks. Therefore, optimized freezing protocols, allowing the cryopreservation of large amounts of hESC without direct contact with liquid nitrogen, need to be established. In this study, 6 different cryoprotector combinations [dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), ethylene glycol, and hydroxyethylstarch (HES)] combined with 2 different application methods were screened with the VUB01 cell line, to establish a new slow-freezing protocol with high recovery rates and a good expansion capacity. Our best conditions were confirmed in 4 other hESC lines: H1, H9, 181, and UGent2. To our knowledge, this is the first time that HES is evaluated as a cryoprotector for hESCs. The use of 5% DMSO+5% HES combined with a new detachment protocol leads to efficient hESC cryopreservation. This protocol involves treating the hESC colonies with cell dissociation solution, a mild dissociation solution uncommonly used for hESC culture. A recovery ratio ranging from 45.5% to 168.2% was obtained, and these were significantly different from the other tested conditions (Student's t-test, P<0.05). The cryopreserved hESCs were morphologically comparable to control cells, exhibited a good expansion profile, were positive for pluripotent expression markers, and could still differentiate into the 3 germ layers. This new protocol allows efficient and economical hESC cryopreservation, ideal for hESC banking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronique T'Joen
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Ghent University-UGent, Gent, Belgium.
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Kawase T, Kogami H, Nagata M, Uematsu K, Okuda K, Burns DM, Yoshie H. Manual cryopreservation of human alveolar periosteal tissue segments: Effects of pre-culture on recovery rate. Cryobiology 2011; 62:202-9. [PMID: 21466797 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2010] [Revised: 03/26/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cultured human periosteal sheets constitute a promising grafting material for periodontal tissue regenerative therapy. However, preparation of these sheets usually requires six weeks or longer, and this lengthy commitment and delay limits both clinical applicability and availability. The aim of this study is to develop an efficient, practical, cost-effective cryopreservation method for periosteal tissue segments (PTSs). Human PTSs were aseptically excised from alveolar bone and pre-cultured in Medium 199+10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) for the indicated number of days before they were slowly frozen down to -75°C in a commercial freezing vessel using medium containing 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (Me(2)SO) and various concentrations of FBS. After fast-thawing at 37°C, PTSs were again cultured, and their growth and responses to standard osteogenic induction were evaluated (vs. freshly excised PTSs). Proliferating cells were obtained at the highest levels from cryopreserved PTSs that were pre-cultured for 14 days before freezing. When a concentration of 50% or more FBS was included in the cryopreservation solution, cells migrated out more actively and grew faster. Importantly, osteoinduction up-regulated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteoblastic marker mRNAs in cryopreserved PTS-derived sheets just as effectively as it did in native PTS-derived ones. These data suggest that pre-conditioned PTSs can be efficiently cryopreserved in a freezing solution containing high FBS by traditional manual cryopreservation methods without aid of a program freezer or more elaborate equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Kawase
- Division of Oral Bioengineering, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstitution, Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
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Hunt CJ. Cryopreservation of Human Stem Cells for Clinical Application: A Review. Transfus Med Hemother 2011; 38:107-123. [PMID: 21566712 PMCID: PMC3088734 DOI: 10.1159/000326623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY: Stem cells have been used in a clinical setting for many years. Haematopoietic stem cells have been used for the treatment of both haematological and non-haematological disease; while more recently mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow have been the subject of both laboratory and early clinical studies. Whilst these cells show both multipotency and expansion potential, they nonetheless do not form stable cell lines in culture which is likely to limit the breadth of their application in the field of regenerative medicine. Human embryonic stem cells are pluripotent cells, capable of forming stable cell lines which retain the capacity to differentiate into cells from all three germ layers. This makes them of special significance in both regenerative medicine and toxicology. Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells may also provide a similar breadth of utility without some of the confounding ethical issues surrounding embryonic stem cells. An essential pre-requisite to the commercial and clinical application of stem cells are suitable cryopreservation protocols for long-term storage. Whilst effective methods for cryopreservation and storage have been developed for haematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells, embryonic cells and iPS cells have proved more refractory. This paper reviews the current state of cryopreservation as it pertains to stem cells and in particular the embryonic and iPS cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J. Hunt
- UK Stem Cell Bank, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Health Protection Agency, South Mimms, Potters Bar, UK
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49
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Derivation, maintenance and cryostorage of human embryonic stem cells. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2008; 5:e105-48. [PMID: 24125545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2010.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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