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Cai C, Zhu S, Qin M, Li X, Feng C, Yu B, Dai S, Qiu G, Li Y, Ye T, Zhong W, Shao Y, Zhang L, Jia P, Yang S. Long-term exposure to PM 2.5 chemical constituents and diabesity: evidence from a multi-center cohort study in China. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2024; 47:101100. [PMID: 38881803 PMCID: PMC11179652 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Long-term exposure to PM2.5 is known to increase the risks for diabetes and obesity, but its effects on their coexistence, termed diabesity, remain uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the associations of long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its chemical constituents with the risks for diabesity, diabetes, and obesity. Methods This cross-sectional study used the baseline data of a multi-center cohort, consisting of three provincially representative cohorts comprising a total of 134,403 participants from the eastern (Fujian Province), central (Hubei Province), and western (Yunnan Province) regions of China. Obesity and diabetes, and diabesity were identified by a body mass index (BMI) ≥28 kg/m2 and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥126 mg/dL. The average concentrations of PM2.5 and five chemical constituents (NO3 -, SO4 2-, NH4 +, organic matter, and black carbon) over participants' residence during the past three years were estimated using machine learning models. Logistic regression models with double robust estimators, Bayesian kernel machine regression, and weighted quantile sum regression were employed to estimate independent and joint effects of PM2.5 chemical constituents on the risks for diabesity, diabetes, and obesity, as well as the differences from the effects on obesity. Stratified analyses were performed to examine effect modification of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Findings There were 129,244 participants with a mean age of 54.1 ± 13.8 years included in the study. Each interquartile range increase in PM2.5 concentration (8.53 μg/m3) was associated with an increased risk for diabesity (OR = 1.23 [1.17, 1.30]), diabetes only (OR = 1.16 [1.13, 1.19]), and obesity only (OR = 1.03 [1.00, 1.05]). Long-term exposure to each PM2.5 chemical constituent was associated with an increased risk for diabesity, where organic matter exposure, with maximum weight (48%), was associated with a higher risk for diabesity (OR = 1.21 [1.16, 1.27]). Among those with obesity, black carbon contributed most (68%) to the joint effect of PM2.5 chemical constituents on diabesity (OR = 1.16 [1.11, 1.22]). Physical activity reduced adverse effects of PM2.5 on diabesity. Also, additive rather than multiplicative effects of obesity on the PM2.5-diabetes association were observed. Interpretation Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its chemical constituents was associated with an increased risk for diabesity, stronger than associations for diabetes and obesity alone. The main constituents associated with diabesity and obesity were black carbon and organic matter. Funding National Natural Science Foundation of China (42271433, 723B2017), National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFC3604702), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2042023kfyq04, 2042024kf1024), the Science and Technology Major Project of Tibetan Autonomous Region of China (XZ202201ZD0001G), Science and technology project of Tibet Autonomous Region(XZ202303ZY0007G), Key R&D Project of Sichuan Province (2023YFS0251), Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University (JCRCYG-2022-003), Jiangxi Provincial 03 Special Foundation and 5G Program (20224ABC03A05), Wuhan University Specific Fund for Major School-level Internationalization Initiatives (WHU-GJZDZX-PT07).
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Cai
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhu
- Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingfang Qin
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chuanteng Feng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University-The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Yu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University-The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaoqing Dai
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Ge Qiu
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tingting Ye
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenling Zhong
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Shao
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Jia
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shujuan Yang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Health Management Center, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- Respiratory Department, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Yu T, Zhang Y, Yuan J, Zhang Y, Li J, Huang Z. Cholesterol mediates the effects of single and multiple environmental phenols in urine on obesity. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:126. [PMID: 38685082 PMCID: PMC11057097 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02113-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity are among the leading chronic diseases worldwide. Environmental phenols have been renowned as endocrine disruptors that contribute to weight changes; however, the effects of exposure to mixed phenols on obesity are not well established. METHODS Using data from adults in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, this study examined the individual and combined effects of four phenols on obesity. A combination of traditional logistic regression and two mixed models (weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel-machine regression (BKMR)) were used together to assess the role of phenols in the development of obesity. The potential mediation of cholesterol on these effects was analyzed through a parallel mediation model. RESULTS The results demonstrated that solitary phenols except triclosan were inversely associated with obesity (P-value < 0.05). The WQS index was also negatively correlated with general obesity (β: 0.770, 95% CI: 0.644-0.919, P-value = 0.004) and abdominal obesity (β: 0.781, 95% CI: 0.658-0.928, P-value = 0.004). Consistently, the BKMR model demonstrated the significant joint negative effects of phenols on obesity. The parallel mediation analysis revealed that high-density lipoprotein mediated the effects of all four single phenols on obesity, whereas low-density lipoprotein only mediated the association between benzophenol-3 and obesity. Moreover, Cholesterol acts as a mediator of the association between mixed phenols and obesity. Exposure to single and mixed phenols significantly and negatively correlated with obesity. Cholesterol mediated the association of single and mixed environmental phenols with obesity. CONCLUSIONS Assessing the potential public health risks of mixed phenols helps to incorporate this information into practical health advice and guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women' s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiali Yuan
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Zhenyao Huang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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Zhao H, Chen X, Ni J, Fang L, Chen Y, Ma Y, Cai G, Pan F. Associations of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate exposure with arthritis and inflammation indicators in young and middle-aged adults, NHANES 2005-2016. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1318737. [PMID: 38495893 PMCID: PMC10940346 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1318737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Perchlorates, nitrates, and thiocyanates are prevalent environmental chemicals. Their potential association with arthritis remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the link between perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate exposure and arthritis, as well as the potential role of inflammation in this context. Methods Utilizing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data spanning from 2005 to 2016, the study enrolled 6597 participants aged 20-59 (young and middle-aged), of which 1045 had arthritis. Employing multivariate logistic regression modeling, multiple linear regression models, restricted cubic spline analysis, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) modeling, and mediation analysis, we assessed these relationships. Results There was a significant positive association between elevated urinary thiocyanate levels and arthritis risk [1.19 (1.11, 1.28)]. This association held true across subgroups of osteoarthritis (OA) [1.24 (1.10, 1.40)] and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [1.33 (1.15, 1.55)]. Thiocyanate levels displayed a dose-dependent relationship with arthritis risk, showing a linear trend (nonlinear P > 0.05). Conversely, perchlorate and nitrate did not exhibit associations with arthritis risk. BKMR outcomes highlighted a positive correlation between a mixture of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate and arthritis risk, with thiocyanate being the predominant predictors. Moreover, BKMR and generalized linear model analyses unveiled no significant synergistic effect of urinary perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate on arthritis risk. Furthermore, thiocyanate exposure has been linked to elevated levels of inflammatory indicators (white blood cell, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII)). Conclusion Heightened thiocyanate exposure may be linked to elevated arthritis risk, either single or in combined effects. Additionally, thiocyanate exposure is associated with heightened inflammation levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- The Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xuyang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- The Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jianping Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- The Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lanlan Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- The Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- The Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yubo Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- The Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guoqi Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- The Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Faming Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- The Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Hu W, Li Z, Jia X, Feng X, Zhang D, Chen Y, Li X, Chen X, Zhu Z, Ji J, Luo D, Lu S. Chlorate and perchlorate in tea leaves from major producing regions in China and related human exposure risk. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:8510-8518. [PMID: 38182951 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31742-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Chlorate and perchlorate are emerging pollutants that may interfere with thyroid function. Since they are highly water soluble, chlorate and perchlorate in tea leaves cause health concerns but have scarcely been studied. In this study, chlorate and perchlorate concentrations in 216 tea samples from different regions of China were determined. Perchlorate was detected in all the samples with a median concentration of 44.1 μg kg-1, while the chlorate detection frequency was 15.7%. We observed regional differences in perchlorate contents in tea leaves, with the highest quantity found in the central region of China. Except for dark tea, the concentration of perchlorate in tea infusions decreased with the increased number of times the tea leaves were brewed. The hazard quotients (HQs) of chlorate and perchlorate in all the samples were less than 1, suggesting negligible health risks caused by these pollutants from tea consumption. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate chlorate and perchlorate contamination in tea infusions by simulating brewing behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Hu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Zihan Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xiaohong Jia
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xiaoling Feng
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Duo Zhang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yining Chen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Zhou Zhu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jiajia Ji
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Donghui Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Yangjiang, 529500, China
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Laboratory (Hanjiang Laboratory), Chaozhou, 521000, China
| | - Shaoyou Lu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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Guan J, Wan Y, Li J, Zheng T, Xia W, Xu S, Li Y. Urinary perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate and their associated risk factors among Chinese pregnant women. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140467. [PMID: 37852377 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate are well-known inhibitors of iodide uptake and thyroid-disrupting chemicals. Widespread human exposure to them has been identified, whereas studies on their internal exposure levels among Chinese pregnant women are scarce and factors associated with them are not well recognized. The objective of this study is to determine their levels and identify the associated factors among pregnant women (n = 1120), based on a prospective birth cohort in Wuhan, central China, using repeated urine samples of three trimesters. Urinary perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate were 100% detected in the samples, and specific gravity-adjusted median concentrations of them in all the samples were 12.6 ng/mL, 367 ng/mL, and 63.7 μg/mL, respectively. Their concentrations were weakly-to-moderately correlated with each other, with Spearman correlation coefficients ranging from 0.27 to 0.54. Poor reproducibility were observed for the three analytes over the three trimesters, with intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.07, 0.19, 0.04 for perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate, respectively. The women who were overweight or used tap water as drinking water had significantly higher perchlorate concentrations, while those with excessive gestational weight gain had significantly higher thiocyanate concentrations (p < 0.05). The women with a college degree or above had lower nitrate concentrations (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the median concentration of perchlorate in urine samples collected in spring, thiocyanate in those collected in winter, and nitrate in those collected in autumn, was significantly higher compared to their median concentrations in the samples collected in other three seasons (p < 0.05), respectively. Urinary perchlorate and nitrate concentrations of pregnant women in this study were higher than the concentrations of pregnant women in other countries, while thiocyanate concentrations were lower than that of most other countries. This study suggested potential covariates for future epidemiological analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guan
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yanjian Wan
- Center for Public Health Laboratory Service, Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, 430024, PR China.
| | - Juxiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Tongzhang Zheng
- School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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Guo X, Wu B, Hu W, Wang X, Su W, Meng J, Lowe S, Zhao D, Huang C, Liang M, Qu G, Zhou X, Sun Y. Associations of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate with metabolic syndrome and its components among US adults: A cross-sectional study from NHANES. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163083. [PMID: 36972877 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate, nitrate and thiocyanate are common endocrine disruptors. Herein, this study was undertaken to evaluate the associations between perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate exposures (alone or in combination) and risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among adults, which has not been explored so far. Analytical data were extracted from different datasets in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to investigate the associations between perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate exposures, and the prevalence of MetS. Subsequently, odds ratios (OR) and their corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were adopted to represent the magnitude of the effect size. We performed a series of subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses as well. Moreover, three commonly used mixture modeling strategies [Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, quantile-based g-computation (Qgcomp), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR)] were utilized to evaluate the joint mixture effect on MetS. This study included 12,007 participants in the subsequent analyses. After adjustment for confounding factors, higher levels of perchlorate, and thiocyanate concentrations were significantly associated with the risk of MetS (OR = 1.15, 95%CI:1.00, 1.32; OR = 1.21, 95%CI:1.04, 1.41, respectively). Analyses of WQS and Qgcomp showed that a quartile increase in chemical mixture was correlated with the occurrence of MetS with ORs of 1.07 (95%CI: 0.99, 1.16) and 1.07 (95%CI: 1.00, 1.14), respectively. This positive association was mainly driven by perchlorate and thiocyanate. Analysis of BKMR revealed that perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate mixture was positively associated with the risk of MetS while perchlorate, and thiocyanate were major predictors in the mixture. In summary, our study reveals positive relationships between perchlorate, thiocyanate and MetS. Co-exposure to perchlorate, nitrate and thiocyanate is positively associated with the risk of MetS, with perchlorate and thiocyanate contributing the most to the overall mixture effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwei Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Birong Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Wenjing Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xingyue Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Wenqi Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jia Meng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Scott Lowe
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Kansas City, MO 64106, USA
| | - Dongdong Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Christy Huang
- Touro University Nevada College of Osteopathic Medicine, 874 American Pacific Dr, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
| | - Mingming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Xiaoqin Zhou
- Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, No. 64 Chaohubei Road, Hefei 238000, Anhui, China
| | - Yehuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, No. 64 Chaohubei Road, Hefei 238000, Anhui, China.
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Zhu K, Wan Y, Zhu B, Wang H, Liu Q, Xie X, Jiang Q, Feng Y, Xiao P, Xiang Z, Song R. Association of perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate with dyslexic risk. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 325:138349. [PMID: 36898444 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate are sodium iodide symporter (NIS) inhibitors that disturb iodide uptake into the thyroid and have been implicated in child development. However, no data are available on the association between exposure to/related with them and dyslexia. Here, we examined the association of exposure to/related with the three NIS inhibitors with the risk of dyslexia in a case-control study. The three chemicals were detected in urine samples of 355 children with dyslexia and 390 children without dyslexia from three cities in China. The adjusted odds ratios for dyslexia were examined using logistic regression models. The detection frequencies of all the targeted compounds were 100%. After adjusting for multiple covariates, urinary thiocyanate was significantly associated with the risk of dyslexia (P-trend = 0.02). Compared with the lowest quartile, children within the highest quartile had a 2.66-fold risk of dyslexia (95% confidence interval: 1.32, 5.36]. Stratified analyses showed that the association between urinary thiocyanate level and the risk of dyslexia was more pronounced among boys, children with fixed reading time, and those without maternal depression or anxiety during pregnancy. Urinary perchlorate and nitrate levels were not associated with the risk of dyslexia. This study suggests the possible neurotoxicity of thiocyanate or its parent compounds in dyslexia. Further investigation is warranted to confirm our findings and clarify the potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiheng Zhu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yanjian Wan
- Laboratory Center for Public Health Service, Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, 430024, China.
| | - Bing Zhu
- Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Haoxue Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xinyan Xie
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yanan Feng
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Pei Xiao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhen Xiang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ranran Song
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Li W, Wu H, Xu X, Zhang Y. Environmental exposure to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate in relation to chronic kidney disease in the general US population, NHANES 2005-2016. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023:00029330-990000000-00571. [PMID: 37154820 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have explored the impact of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate (PNT) on kidney function. This study aimed to evaluate the association of urinary levels of PNT with renal function as well as the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among the general population in the United States. METHODS This analysis included data from 13,373 adults (≥20 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005 to 2016. We used multivariable linear and logistic regression, to explore the associations of urinary PNT with kidney function. Restricted cubic splines were used to assess the potentially non-linear relationships between PNT exposure and outcomes. RESULTS After traditional creatinine adjustment, perchlorate (P-traditional) was positively associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (adjusted β: 2.75; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.25 to 3.26; P < 0.001), and negatively associated with urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) (adjusted β: -0.05; 95% CI: -0.07 to -0.02; P = 0.001) in adjusted models. After both traditional and covariate-adjusted creatinine adjustment, urinary nitrate and thiocyanate were positively associated with eGFR (all P values <0.05), and negatively associated with ACR (all P values <0.05); higher nitrate or thiocyanate was associated with a lower risk of CKD (all P values <0.001). Moreover, there were L-shaped non-linear associations between nitrate, thiocyanate, and outcomes. In the adjusted models, for quartiles of PNT, statistically significant dose-response associations were observed in most relationships. Most results were consistent in the stratified and sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS Exposures to PNT might be associated with kidney function, indicating a potential beneficial effect of environmental PNT exposure (especially nitrate and thiocyanate) on the human kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xuewen Xu
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yange Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Han Y, Li D, Zou C, Li Y, Zhao F. Effects of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate exposures on serum total testosterone in children and adolescents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 861:160566. [PMID: 36574544 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate are common thyroid disruptors in daily life and alter testosterone levels in animals. However, little is known about the effects of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate on serum total testosterone (TT) in the general population. The study was designed to assess the associations between urinary levels of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate and serum total testosterone (TT) in the general population. The present study utilized data from the 2011-2016 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES). A total of 6201 participants aged 6-79 with information on urinary perchlorate, nitrate, thiocyanate, and serum total testosterone were included. We conducted multiple linear regression models and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) models to estimate the associations by sex-age groups. Children (ages 6-11) have higher levels of perchlorate and nitrate than the rest. After adjusting for covariates, urinary perchlorate was significantly negatively associated with serum TT in male adolescents (β = -0.1, 95 % confidence interval: -0.2, -0.01) and female children [-0.13, (-0.21, -0.05)]. Urinary nitrate was significantly negatively associated with serum TT in female children, while urinary thiocyanate was significantly positively associated with serum TT in female adults aged 20 to 49 [0.05 (0.02, 0.08)]. BKMR analysis indicated that no other interactions were found between urinary perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate. Our findings suggested that urinary perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate levels may relate to serum total testosterone levels in specific sex-age groups. We identified male adolescents and female children as are most sensitive subgroups where testosterone is susceptible to interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Han
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxi Zou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yonggang Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China; National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Feng Zhao
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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Shi M, Zhu X, Cheang I, Zhu Q, Guo Q, Liao S, Gao R, Li X. Associations of thiocyanate, nitrate, and perchlorate exposure with dyslipidemia: a cross-sectional, population-based analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:17214-17225. [PMID: 36194328 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23296-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the associations of urinary thiocyanate, nitrate, and perchlorate concentrations with dyslipidemia, individually and in combination, which has not previously been studied. Data from the 2001-2002 and 2005-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) were analyzed in this cross-sectional study. The dependent variables were continuous serum lipid variables (triglycerides [TG], total cholesterol [TC], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], non-HDL-C, and apolipoprotein B [Apo B]) and binary serum lipid variables, with the latter reflecting dyslipidemia (elevated TG, ≥ 150 mg/dL; elevated TC, ≥ 200 mg/dL; elevated LDL-C, ≥ 130 mg/dL; lowered HDL-C, < 40 mg/dL in men and < 5 0 mg/dL in women; elevated non-HDL-C, ≥ 160 mg/dL; and elevated Apo B, ≥ 130 mg/dL). Multivariate logistic, linear, and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression analyses were used to explore the associations of thiocyanate, nitrate, and perchlorate with the continuous and binary serum lipid variables. The linearity of the associations with the binary serum lipid variables was assessed using restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression. A total of 15,563 adults were included in the analysis. The multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses showed that thiocyanate was positively associated with multiple continuous (TG, TC, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and Apo B, but not HDL-C) and binary (elevated TG, TC, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C) serum lipid variables, whereas perchlorate was negatively associated with elevated LDL-C. Multivariate RCS logistic regression revealed a linear dose-response relationship between thiocyanate and elevated TG, TC, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and Apo B, but a nonlinear relationship with lowered HDL-C (inflection point = 1.622 mg/L). WQS regression showed that a mixture of thiocyanate, nitrate, and perchlorate was positively associated with all binary serum lipid variables except for Apo B. Our findings indicate that urinary thiocyanate, nitrate, and perchlorate concentrations, individually and in combination, were associated with dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengsha Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Iokfai Cheang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qixin Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Shengen Liao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Rongrong Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xinli Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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11
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Xu D, Zhu X, Xie X, Huang C, Fang X, Yin T. Concurrent dietary intake to nitrate, thiocyanate, and perchlorate is negatively associated with hypertension in adults in the USA. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:17573-17584. [PMID: 36197620 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the association of urinary nitrate, thiocyanate, and perchlorate metabolites with hypertension among a nationally representative sample of the US adult population. This cross-sectional study investigated data from 15,717 adults aged more than 20 years obtained from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) for the years 2005-2016. In the survey, urinary levels of nitrate, thiocyanate, and perchlorate were measured using ion chromatography combined with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Blood pressure was calculated as the mean of three measurements. Hypertension was defined as (a) systolic BP ≥130 and/or diastolic BP ≥80 mmHg and/or (b) self-report. Multivariate logistic regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models were applied to estimate the association between exposure to multiple inorganic anions and hypertension. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regressions were fitted to discern the potential relationship between the anion exposure and hypertension. These innovation methods used to support our results. Overall, 7533 (49.95%) people with and 7638 (50.35%) without hypertension were included in this study. In the multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models, urinary nitrate (P < 0.001) and perchlorate (P < 0.001) were independently negatively associated with increased occurrence of hypertension, while urinary thiocyanate was insignificantly associated with hypertension (P = 0.664). The WQS regression index showed that, in combination, the three inorganic anions mixture were negatively correlated with hypertension (adjusted OR 0.89; 95% CI 0.83-0.95, P < 0.001). Urinary nitrate was the most heavily weighted component in the hypertension model (weight = 0.784). RCS regression demonstrated that nitrate (nonlinearity P = 0.205) and perchlorate (nonlinearity P = 0.701) were linearly associated with decreased occurrence of hypertension. Concurrent exposure to nitrate, thiocyanate, and perchlorate is associated with a decreased risk of hypertension, with the greatest influence coming from nitrate probably; urinary specific thiocyanate alone had an insignificant association with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xupin Xie
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Changpin Huang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Xin Fang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Ting Yin
- Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310000, China.
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12
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Xue B, Lei R, Tian X, Zheng J, Li Y, Wang B, Luo B. Perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate and depression: the potential mediating role of sleep. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:16488-16498. [PMID: 36190642 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23138-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate are common thyroid disruptors, but it is not clear whether they are related to depression. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate and depression, and to explore the potential role of sleep in this process. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). From 2005 to 2016, 6 cycles cross-sectional data were combined. Urinary perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate came from laboratory test; depression was diagnosed by the Nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Weighted generalized liner models, restricted cubic splines, and mediation analysis were used in this study. Totally, 16,715 participants were involved in this study, of which 8295 (49.63%) were male and 8420 (50.37%) were female, with an average age of 46.19 ± 0.32 years. We found that urinary thiocyanate concentration was positively associated with depression (Odds ratios [ORs]: 1.49; 95% confidence intervals [95% CIs]: 1.16, 1.91), but not perchlorate (ORs: 0.71; 95% CIs: 0.52, 0.97) or nitrate (ORs: 0.89, 95% CIs: 0.66, 1.19). Sleep may play a potential mediating role between thiocyanate and depression (9.55%). In conclusion, higher concentrations of thiocyanate exposure may be associated with a higher risk of depression, and the sleep duration may be an important mediating factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baode Xue
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyi Lei
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Tian
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlin Li
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wang
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Luo
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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13
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King L, Wang Q, Xia L, Wang P, Jiang G, Li W, Huang Y, Liang X, Peng X, Li Y, Chen L, Liu L. Environmental exposure to perchlorate, nitrate and thiocyanate, and thyroid function in Chinese adults: A community-based cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 171:107713. [PMID: 36565572 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on environmental exposure to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate, three thyroidal sodium iodine symporter (NIS) inhibitors, and thyroid function in the Chinese population remains limited. OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations of environmental exposure to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate with markers of thyroid function in Chinese adults. METHODS A total of 2441 non-pregnant adults (mean age 50.4 years and 39.1% male) with a median urinary iodine of 180.1 μg/L from four communities in Shenzhen were included in this cross-sectional study. Urinary perchlorate, nitrate, thiocyanate, and thyroid profiles, including serum free thyroxine (FT4), total thyroxine (TT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), total triiodothyronine (TT3), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), were measured. Generalized linear model was applied to investigate the single-analyte associations. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were used to examine the association between the co-occurrence of three anions and thyroid profile. RESULTS The median levels of urinary perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate were 5.8 μg/g, 76.4 mg/g, and 274.1 μg/g, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, higher urinary perchlorate was associated with lower serum FT4, TT4, and TT3, and higher serum FT3 and TSH (all P < 0.05). Comparing extreme tertiles, subjects in the highest nitrate tertile had marginally elevated TT3 (β: 0.02, 95% CI: 0.00-0.04). Each 1-unit increase in log-transformed urinary thiocyanate was associated with a 0.04 (95% CI: 0.02-0.06) pmol/L decrease in serum FT3. The WQS indices were inversely associated with serum FT4, TT4, and FT3 (all P < 0.05). In the BKMR model, the mixture of three anions was inversely associated with serum FT4, TT4, and FT3. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence that individual and combined environmental exposure to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate are associated with significant changes in thyroid function markers in the Chinese population with adequate iodine intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei King
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Xia
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guanhua Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wanyi Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoling Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaolin Peng
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yonggang Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangkai Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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14
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Yuan W, Wang R, Song G, Ruan Z, Zhu L, Zhang W. Exposure to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate and the prevalence of abdominal aortic calcification. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:13697-13701. [PMID: 36136185 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23036-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate are reported to affect human health. However, it is unclear about the associations between exposure to these chemicals and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC). A total of 959 individuals were included in a large representative survey. Urinary levels of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate were measured by ion chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. AAC was diagnosed based on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). There were 276 (28.8%) cases of AAC among the participants. The level of urinary nitrate was significantly lower in AAC patients compared with non-AAC patients (36.4 mg/L [20.6, 59.5] vs. 42.4 [23.8, 68.3]; P = 0.013). In multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models, urinary nitrate was associated with the prevalence of AAC. Compared with the lowest quartile, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) across increasing quartiles were 1.06 (0.69-1.61; P = 0.799), 0.64 (0.41-1.00; P = 0.049) and 0.74 (0.47-1.15; P = 0.180). Restricted cubic splines suggested that urinary nitrate ranging between 43.7 and 115.4 mg/L was associated with a lower risk of AAC. Moderate exposure to nitrate was associated with a lower risk of AAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou People's Hospital, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruzhu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou People's Hospital, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guixian Song
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou People's Hospital, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongbao Ruan
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou People's Hospital, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou People's Hospital, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China.
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15
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Jiang Q, Li Q. Association of environmental exposure to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate with overweight/obesity and central obesity among children and adolescents in the United States of America using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2016. New Dir Child Adolesc Dev 2022; 2022:107-122. [PMID: 36251327 PMCID: PMC10091814 DOI: 10.1002/cad.20487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The association of overweight/obesity, and central obesity with thiocyanate (SCN), perchlorate (CIO), and nitrate (NO) in childhood and adolescence is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to explore this association in 4447 participants comprising children and adolescents (aged 6-19 years) using data from the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2016. SCN level was positively associated with overweight/obesity in both children and adolescents, while CIO level was negatively associated with overweight/obesity only in children; however, no significant association was found for NO level. Similar associations were found between SCN level and central obesity. Thus, our results suggest that SCN exposure was associated with overweight/obesity and central obesity in both children and adolescents, while a negative association was observed for CIO in children. Strategies to monitor the exposure levels and the mechanisms underlying the relationship between exposure and the weight parameters are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiang
- Department of Pediatric, Suining Central Hospital, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Pediatric, Suining Central Hospital, Sichuan, China
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16
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Wang Q, King L, Wang P, Jiang G, Huang Y, Dun C, Yin J, Shan Z, Xu J, Liu L. Higher Levels of Urinary Thiocyanate, a Biomarker of Cruciferous Vegetable Intake, Were Associated With Lower Risks of Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality Among Non-smoking Subjects. Front Nutr 2022; 9:919484. [PMID: 35866078 PMCID: PMC9294399 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.919484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiologic studies on cruciferous vegetable (CV) intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) were inconclusive. Objective To investigate the associations of urinary thiocyanate, a biomarker of CV intake, with CVD and all-cause mortality among non-smoking adults. Methods This prospective cohort study comprised 10,489 non-smoking adults (weighted mean age, 46.8 years; 43.4% male) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2014. Non-smokers were defined as subjects with serum cotinine < 3 ng/mL. Urinary thiocyanate was measured with ion chromatography tandem mass spectrometry at baseline, and CVD and all-cause mortality were identified through linkage to National Death Index until December 31, 2015. Cox proportional hazards model was applied to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD and all-cause mortality. Results A total of 800 deaths, of which 136 died of CVD, were ascertained within a median 7.8 years of follow-up. Urinary thiocyanate was positively correlated with total CV intake among non-smoking adults (rs = 0.088, P < 0.001). Comparing extreme quartiles, the multivariate-adjusted HRs for CVD and all-cause mortality were 0.50 (95% CI: 0.29–0.85) and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.60–0.92), respectively. Each 1 μg/g creatinine increment of log-transformed urinary thiocyanate was associated with a 25% (HR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.62–0.91) reduced CVD mortality risk and 12% (HR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.81–0.96) reduced all-cause mortality risk. The documented inverse associations persisted in sensitivity analyses. Conclusion Increased levels of urinary thiocyanate, a candidate biomarker of CV intake, were associated with low risks of CVD and total mortality among non-smoking adults. This prospective biomarker-based study provided further evidence to support the cardiovascular benefits of CVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei King
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guanhua Jiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Changchang Dun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiawei Yin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhilei Shan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Xu,
| | - Liegang Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Liegang Liu,
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King L, Huang Y, Li T, Wang Q, Li W, Shan Z, Yin J, Chen L, Wang P, Dun C, Zhuang L, Peng X, Liu L. Associations of urinary perchlorate, nitrate and thiocyanate with central sensitivity to thyroid hormones: A US population-based cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 164:107249. [PMID: 35468408 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate are three well-known sodium iodine symporter inhibitors, however, associations of their individual and concurrent exposure with central thyroid hormones sensitivity remain unclear. OBJECTIVES To investigate the associations of urinary perchlorate, nitrate, thiocyanate, and their co-occurrence with central thyroid hormones sensitivity among US general adults. METHODS A total of 7598 non-pregnant adults (weighted mean age 45.9 years and 52.9% men) from National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 2007-2012 were included in this cross-sectional study. Central sensitivity to thyroid hormones was estimated with the Parametric Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (PTFQI). Ordinary least-squares regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were performed to examine the associations of three anions and their co-occurrence with PTFQI. RESULTS The weighted mean values of urinary perchlorate, nitrate, thiocyanate, and perchlorate equivalent concentration (PEC) were 5.48 μg/L, 57.59 mg/L, 2.65 mg/L, and 539.8 μg/L, respectively. Compared with the lowest quartile, the least-square means difference (LSMD) of PTFQI was -0.0516 (LSMD ± SE: -0.0516 ± 0.0185, P < 0.01) in the highest perchlorate quartile. On average, PTFQI decreased by 0.0793 (LSMD ± SE: -0.0793 ± 0.0205, P < 0.001) between the highest and lowest thiocyanate quartile. Compared with those in the lowest quartile, participants in the highest PEC quartile had significantly decreased PTFQI levels (LSMD ± SE: -0.0862 ± 0.0188, P < 0.001). The WQS of three goitrogens, was inversely associated with PTFQI (β: -0.051, 95% CI: -0.068, -0.034). In BKMR model, PTFQI significantly decreased when the levels of three anions were at or above their 60th percentiles compared to the median values. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of urinary perchlorate, thiocyanate, and co-occurrence of three goitrogens were associated with increased central thyroid hormones sensitivity among US general adults. Further studies are warranted to replicate our results and elucidate the underlying causative mechanistic links.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei King
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Li
- Institute of Statistics and Big Data, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wanyi Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhilei Shan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiawei Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangkai Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Changchang Dun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Litao Zhuang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaolin Peng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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18
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Wang L, Fu Z, Gao B, Mo X, Liang P, Huang J. The association between environmental exposure to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:21851-21859. [PMID: 34773236 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17423-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim is to examine the environmental exposure to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate and their associations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a general population. A total of 17,982 participants were enrolled from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and urinary perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate are measured using ion chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were performed to explore the associations between urinary perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Restricted cubic spline models were used to explore the nonlinearity. During a 7.5-year of follow-up, 1730 deaths occurred. Kaplan-Meier analysis suggested that urinary perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate were associated with all-cause mortality (all log-rank P<0.001). After adjusted for traditional risk factors, we found that urinary perchlorate was inversely associated with cancer mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 0.87; 95% confidence interval [0.76, 0.99]; P=0.038) while nitrate was positively related to cancer mortality (HR 1.19, [1.05, 1.34]; P=0.006). Besides, urinary thiocyanate exposure was U-shape associated with the risk of all-cause mortality (P for nonlinearity<0.001). Urinary perchlorate was inversely while nitrate was positively associated with the risk of cancer mortality. The thiocyanate exposure was U-shape associated with the risk of all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Center for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Fu
- Department of Cardio-macrovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Beibei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Center for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuming Mo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
| | - Jinyu Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Center for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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19
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Fan Y, Qian H, Wu Z, Li Z, Li X, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Lu C, Wang X. Exploratory analysis of the associations between urinary phytoestrogens and thyroid hormones among adolescents and adults in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2010. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:2974-2984. [PMID: 34383217 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14553-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are naturally plant-derived compounds that could bind to estrogen receptors and mimic estrogenic effects. Previous studies showed a positive association between phytoestrogens and hypothyroidism; however, little is known on phytoestrogens and thyroid hormones. This study was designed to investigate the associations between urinary phytoestrogens and thyroid hormone levels. Based on the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2010, 4103 participants were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Linear regression models and multiple linear regressions models were applied to examine the relationships between urinary phytoestrogens and thyroid hormone levels. Urinary O-desmethylangolensin (O-DMA) was found to be correlated with serum FT4 levels in the female 20-60-year-of-age group (β=0.018, 95% CI: 0.006, 0.031). Higher enterolactone (ENT) levels were significantly positively associated with TSH levels in the 12-19-year-of-age female group (β=0.196, 95% CI: 0.081, 0.311). In the male group, enterodiol (END) was significantly positively correlated with TSH and TT3 in the 12-19-year-of-age group, respectively (TT3: β=3.444, 95% CI: 0.150, 6.737; TSH: β=0.104, 95% CI: 0.005, 0.203). However, equol (EQU) levels were negatively associated with TT4 (12-19-year-of-age: β=- 0.166, 95% CI: - 0.279, - 0.034; 20-60-year-of-age: β=- 0.132, 95% CI: - 0.230, - 0.034). Our study provided epidemiological evidence that urinary phytoestrogens were powerfully associated with thyroid hormone levels. The results also supported that phytoestrogens acted as endocrine disruptors. It is imperative and important to pay attention to the intake of phytoestrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Hong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Zhuo Wu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xiuzhu Li
- Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222002, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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20
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Zhu F, Jiao J, Zhuang P, Huang M, Zhang Y. Association of exposures to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate with allergic symptoms: A population-based nationwide cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 283:117068. [PMID: 33892368 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Allergic diseases have been one of the leading causes of chronic disorders in the United States. Animal studies have suggested that exposures to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate could induce allergic inflammation. However, the associations have not been examined among general populations. Here, we investigated data of 7030 participants aged ≥6 years from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2006. Urinary levels of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate were measured by ion chromatography combined with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Information on allergic symptoms (hay fever, allergy, rash, sneeze, wheeze, eczema, and current asthma) was collected by questionnaire. Allergic sensitization was defined by a concentration ≥150 kU/L for total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. The associations were estimated using multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models. A positive association was observed for urinary nitrate and eczema (p < 0.001 for the trend). Compared with quartile 1 (lowest quartile), the odds ratios of eczema with 95% confidence intervals [ORs (95% CIs)] from quartiles 2 to 4 were 1.72 (95% CI, 1.41, 2.09), 1.94 (1.53, 2.47) and 2.10 (1.49, 2.97) for urinary nitrate. In addition, urinary thiocyanate was positively related to sneeze (ORQ4 vs. Q1: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.55; p = 0.015 for the trend). However, urinary perchlorate was not correlated with any allergic-related outcome. Additionally, the associations were different among subgroups in a four-level polytomous model. Thus, our results suggested that exposures to nitrate and thiocyanate may be associated with allergic symptoms. Further investigations are warranted to concentrate on the practical strategies to monitor exposure levels and the latent mechanisms of the relationship between exposure and allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghuan Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pan Zhuang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengmeng Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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21
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Niziński P, Błażewicz A, Kończyk J, Michalski R. Perchlorate - properties, toxicity and human health effects: an updated review. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2021; 36:199-222. [PMID: 32887207 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2020-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Interest in perchlorate as environmental pollutant has increased since 1997, when high concentrations have been found in the waters of the Colorado River, USA. Perchlorate is very persistent in nature and it is slowly degraded. Although harmful effects of large doses of perchlorate on thyroid function have been proven, the environmental effects are still unclear. The primary objective of the present review is to collect prevailing data of perchlorate exposure and to discuss its impact on human health. The results show that more than 50% of reviewed works found significant associations of perchlorate exposure and human health. This review consists of the following sections: general information of perchlorate sources, its properties and determination methods, role and sources in human body including food and water intake, overview of the scientific literature on the research on the effect of perchlorate on human health from 2010 to 2020. Finally, conclusions and recommendations on future perchlorate studies concerning human exposure are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Niziński
- Chair of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Błażewicz
- Chair of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Kończyk
- Institute of Chemistry, Health and Food Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Rajmund Michalski
- Institute of Chemistry, Health and Food Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Czestochowa, Poland
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Zabrze, Poland
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22
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Zhu F, Huang M, Jiao J, Zhuang P, Mao L, Zhang Y. Environmental exposure to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate in relation to obesity: A population-based study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 133:105191. [PMID: 31639604 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate are well-known thyroid disrupters and may contribute to changes in body weight. However, the associations between environmental exposure to these chemicals and obesity-related outcomes remain unclear. OBJECTIVES We aim to examine the urinary levels of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate and their associations with obesity and abdominal obesity in the U.S. METHODS Here, we investigated the data of 16,265 adults aged 20-85 years from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2001-2014. Urinary levels of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate were measured by ion chromatography combined with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Obesity and abdominal obesity were defined by the body mass index and waist circumference, respectively. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations. RESULTS Overall, 5794 (35.6%) cases of obesity and 9090 cases (55.9%) of abdominal obesity were observed among the participants. In multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models, urinary nitrate was inversely associated with obesity (p = 0.0022 for trend), while urinary thiocyanate was positively related to obesity (p < 0.001 for trend). Compared with the lowest quartile, the odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) across increasing quartiles were 0.95 (95% CI, 0.83-1.08), 0.88 (0.75-1.03), and 0.74 (0.60-0.90) for urinary nitrate and 1.31 (1.16-1.48), 1.53 (1.36-1.73), and 1.73 (1.47-2.03) for urinary thiocyanate. Urinary perchlorate was not correlated with obesity. Similar associations were also found between exposure to these chemicals and abdominal obesity. CONCLUSIONS A higher exposure to urinary nitrate was associated with a lower risk of obesity, while a positive association was observed for urinary thiocyanate. These findings emphasize the need to longitudinally evaluate environmental exposure to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate with respect to their effect on obesity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghuan Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengmeng Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pan Zhuang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Mao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Cao F, Jaunat J, Sturchio N, Cancès B, Morvan X, Devos A, Barbin V, Ollivier P. Worldwide occurrence and origin of perchlorate ion in waters: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 661:737-749. [PMID: 30684841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate (ClO4-) is a persistent water soluble oxyanion of growing environmental interest. Perchlorate contamination can be a health concern due to its ability to disrupt the use of iodine by the thyroid gland and the production of metabolic hormones. Its widespread presence in surface water and groundwater makes the aquatic environment a potential source of perchlorate exposure. However, the amount of published data on perchlorate origins and water contamination worldwide remains spatially limited. Here, we present an overview of research on perchlorate origins and occurrences in water, and the methodology to distinguish the different perchlorate sources based on isotope analysis. All published ranges of isotopic content in perchlorate from different sources are presented, including naturally occurring and man-made perchlorate source types, as well as the effects of isotope fractionation that accompanies biodegradation processes. An example of a case study in France is presented to emphasize the need for further research on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Cao
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne - GEGENAA - EA 3795, 2 esplanade Roland Garros, 51100 Reims, France.
| | - Jessy Jaunat
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne - GEGENAA - EA 3795, 2 esplanade Roland Garros, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Neil Sturchio
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Delaware, 255 Academy Street/103 Penny Hall, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Benjamin Cancès
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne - GEGENAA - EA 3795, 2 esplanade Roland Garros, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Xavier Morvan
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne - GEGENAA - EA 3795, 2 esplanade Roland Garros, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Alain Devos
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne - GEGENAA - EA 3795, 2 esplanade Roland Garros, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Vincent Barbin
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne - GEGENAA - EA 3795, 2 esplanade Roland Garros, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Patrick Ollivier
- BRGM, 3 av. C. Guillemin, BP 36009, 45060 Orléans Cedex 2, France
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