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Kolling LJ, Khan K, Wang R, Pierson SR, Hartman BD, Balasubramanian N, Guo DF, Rahmouni K, Marcinkiewcz CA. Interaction of serotonin/GLP-1 circuitry in a dual preclinical model for psychiatric disorders and metabolic dysfunction. Psychiatry Res 2024; 337:115951. [PMID: 38735240 PMCID: PMC11267813 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Isolation of rodents throughout adolescence is known to induce many behavioral abnormalities which resemble neuropsychiatric disorders. Separately, this paradigm has also been shown to induce long-term metabolic changes consistent with a pre-diabetic state. Here, we investigate changes in central serotonin (5-HT) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) neurobiology that dually accompany behavioral and metabolic outcomes following social isolation stress throughout adolescence. We find that adolescent-isolation mice exhibit elevated blood glucose levels, impaired peripheral insulin signaling, altered pancreatic function, and fattier body composition without changes in bodyweight. These mice further exhibited disruptions in sleep and enhanced nociception. Using bulk and spatial transcriptomic techniques, we observe broad changes in neural 5-HT, GLP-1, and appetitive circuits. We find 5-HT neurons of adolescent-isolation mice to be more excitable, transcribe fewer copies of Glp1r (mRNA; GLP-1 receptor), and demonstrate resistance to the inhibitory effects of the GLP-1R agonist semaglutide on action potential thresholds. Surprisingly, we find that administration of semaglutide, commonly prescribed to treat metabolic syndrome, induced deficits in social interaction in group-housed mice and rescued social deficits in isolated mice. Overall, we find that central 5-HT circuitry may simultaneously influence mental well-being and metabolic health in this model, via interactions with GLP-1 and proopiomelanocortin circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis J Kolling
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kanza Khan
- Psychological Sciences, Daemen University, Amherst, New York, USA
| | - Ruixiang Wang
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Samantha R Pierson
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Benjamin D Hartman
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Deng-Fu Guo
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kamal Rahmouni
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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2
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Taub DG, Woolf CJ. Age-dependent small fiber neuropathy: Mechanistic insights from animal models. Exp Neurol 2024; 377:114811. [PMID: 38723859 PMCID: PMC11131160 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Small fiber neuropathy (SFN) is a common and debilitating disease in which the terminals of small diameter sensory axons degenerate, producing sensory loss, and in many patients neuropathic pain. While a substantial number of cases are attributable to diabetes, almost 50% are idiopathic. An underappreciated aspect of the disease is its late onset in most patients. Animal models of human genetic mutations that produce SFN also display age-dependent phenotypes suggesting that aging is an important contributor to the risk of development of the disease. In this review we define how particular sensory neurons are affected in SFN and discuss how aging may drive the disease. We also evaluate how animal models of SFN can define disease mechanisms that will provide insight into early risk detection and suggest novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Taub
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center and Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Clifford J Woolf
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center and Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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3
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Zhou ZY, Wang JY, Li ZX, Zheng HL, Zhou YN, Huang LN, Wang LJ, Ding XW, Sun X, Cai K, Zhao R, Shi Y, Chen AF, Pan ZQ, Cao J, Lin FQ, Zhao JY. Branched-Chain Amino Acids Deficiency Promotes Diabetic Neuropathic Pain Through Upregulating LAT1 and Inhibiting Kv1.2 Channel. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402086. [PMID: 38946582 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP), one of the most common complications of diabetes, is characterized by bilateral symmetrical distal limb pain and substantial morbidity. To compare the differences is aimed at serum metabolite levels between 81 DNP and 73 T2DM patients without neuropathy and found that the levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are significantly lower in DNP patients than in T2DM patients. In high-fat diet/low-dose streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced T2DM and leptin receptor-deficient diabetic (db/db) mouse models, it is verified that BCAA deficiency aggravated, whereas BCAA supplementation alleviated DNP symptoms. Mechanistically, using a combination of RNA sequencing of mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) tissues and label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of cultured cells, it is found that BCAA deficiency activated the expression of L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) through ATF4, which is reversed by BCAA supplementation. Abnormally upregulated LAT1 reduced Kv1.2 localization to the cell membrane, and inhibited Kv1.2 channels, thereby increasing neuronal excitability and causing neuropathy. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of the LAT1 inhibitor, BCH, alleviated DNP symptoms in mice, confirming that BCAA-deficiency-induced LAT1 activation contributes to the onset of DNP. These findings provide fresh insights into the metabolic differences between DNP and T2DM, and the development of approaches for the management of DNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ji-Ying Wang
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zhi-Xiao Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Hong-Li Zheng
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhou
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Li-Na Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 20080, China
| | - Li-Juan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 20080, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Ding
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ke Cai
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Alex F Chen
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Pan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Fu-Qing Lin
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jian-Yuan Zhao
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
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Elafros MA, Reynolds EL, Callaghan BC. Obesity-related neuropathy: the new epidemic. Curr Opin Neurol 2024:00019052-990000000-00172. [PMID: 38864534 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To examine the evidence evaluating the association between obesity and neuropathy as well as potential interventions. RECENT FINDINGS Although diabetes has long been associated with neuropathy, additional metabolic syndrome components, including obesity, are increasingly linked to neuropathy development, regardless of glycemic status. Preclinical rodent models as well as clinical studies are shedding light on the mechanisms of obesity-related neuropathy as well as challenges associated with slowing progression. Dietary and surgical weight loss and exercise interventions are promising, but more data is needed. SUMMARY High-fat-diet rodent models have shown that obesity-related neuropathy is a product of excess glucose and lipid accumulation leading to inflammation and cell death. Clinical studies consistently demonstrate obesity is independently associated with neuropathy; therefore, likely a causal risk factor. Dietary weight loss improves neuropathy symptoms but not examination scores. Bariatric surgery and exercise are promising interventions, but larger, more rigorous studies are needed. Further research is also needed to determine the utility of weight loss medications and ideal timing for obesity interventions to prevent neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evan Lee Reynolds
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Choi IY, Wang WT, Kim B, Hur J, Robbins DC, Jang DG, Savelieff MG, Feldman EL, Lee P. Non-invasive in vivo measurements of metabolic alterations in the type 2 diabetic brain by 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Neurochem 2024; 168:765-780. [PMID: 37965761 PMCID: PMC11093888 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia because of insulin resistance. Diabetes with chronic hyperglycemia may alter brain metabolism, including brain glucose and neurotransmitter levels; however, detailed, longitudinal studies of metabolic alterations in T2D are lacking. To shed insight, here, we characterized the consequences of poorly controlled hyperglycemia on neurochemical profiles that reflect metabolic alterations of the brain in both humans and animal models of T2D. Using in vivo 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we quantified 12 metabolites cross-sectionally in T2D patients and 20 metabolites longitudinally in T2D db/db mice versus db+ controls. We found significantly elevated brain glucose (91%, p < 0.001), taurine (22%, p = 0.02), glucose+taurine (56%, p < 0.001), myo-inositol (12%, p = 0.02), and choline-containing compounds (10%, p = 0.01) in T2D patients versus age- and sex-matched controls, findings consistent with measures in T2D db/db versus control db+ littermates. In mice, hippocampal and striatal neurochemical alterations in brain glucose, ascorbate, creatine, phosphocreatine, γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, glutamine, glutathione, glycerophosphoryl-choline, lactate, myo-inositol, and taurine persisted in db/db mice with chronic disease progression from 16 to 48 weeks of age, which were distinct from control db+ mice. Overall, our study demonstrates the utility of 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy as a non-invasive tool for characterizing and monitoring brain metabolic changes with T2D progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Young Choi
- Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Neurology, KUMC, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Radiology, KUMC, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Wen-Tung Wang
- Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Bhumsoo Kim
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Junguk Hur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | | | - Dae-Gyu Jang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Masha G. Savelieff
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Eva L. Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Phil Lee
- Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Radiology, KUMC, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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6
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Shan Q, Liu J, Qu F, Chen A, He W. Polychlorinated biphenyls exposure and type 2 diabetes: Molecular mechanism that causes insulin resistance and islet damage. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2466-2476. [PMID: 38305644 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are typical persistent organic pollutants that have been associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in cohort studies. This review aims to comprehensively assess the molecular mechanisms of PCBs-induced T2DM. Recent progress has been made in the research of PCBs in liver tissue, adipose tissue, and other tissues. By influencing the function of nuclear receptors, such as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), pregnancy X receptor (PXR), and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ), as well as the inflammatory response, PCBs disrupt the balance of hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism. This is associated with insulin resistance (IR) in the target organ of insulin. Through androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor α/β (ERα/β), and pancreato-duodenal-homeobox gene-1 (PDX-1), PCBs affect the secretion of insulin and increase blood glucose. Thus, this review is a discussion on the relationship between PCBs exposure and the pathogenesis of T2DM. It is hoped to provide basic concepts for diabetes research and disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Shan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Fan Qu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Anhui Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Food Resource Development and Quality Safe, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wenxing He
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
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O’Brien J, Niehaus P, Chang K, Remark J, Barrett J, Dasgupta A, Adenegan M, Salimian M, Kevas Y, Chandrasekaran K, Kristian T, Chellappan R, Rubin S, Kiemen A, Lu CPJ, Russell JW, Ho CY. Skin keratinocyte-derived SIRT1 and BDNF modulate mechanical allodynia in mouse models of diabetic neuropathy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.01.24.523981. [PMID: 36747753 PMCID: PMC9900813 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.24.523981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy is a debilitating disorder characterized by spontaneous and mechanical pain. The role of skin mechanoreceptors in the development of mechanical pain (allodynia) is unclear. We discovered that mice with diabetic neuropathy had decreased sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) deacetylase activity in foot skin, leading to reduced expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and subsequent loss of innervation in Meissner corpuscles, a mechanoreceptor expressing the BDNF receptor TrkB. When SIRT1 was depleted from skin, the mechanical allodynia worsened in diabetic neuropathy mice, likely due to retrograde degeneration of the Meissner-corpuscle innervating Aβ axons and aberrant formation of Meissner corpuscles which may have increased the mechanosensitivity. The same phenomenon was also noted in skin BDNF knockout mice. Furthermore, overexpression of SIRT1 in skin induced Meissner corpuscle reinnervation and regeneration, resulting in significant improvement of diabetic mechanical allodynia. Overall, the findings suggested that skin-derived SIRT1 and BDNF function in the same pathway in skin sensory apparatus regeneration and highlighted the potential of developing topical SIRT1-activating compounds as a novel treatment for diabetic mechanical allodynia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer O’Brien
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Peter Niehaus
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Koping Chang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Juliana Remark
- Hansj rg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Joy Barrett
- Hansj rg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Abhishikta Dasgupta
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Morayo Adenegan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Mohammad Salimian
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Yanni Kevas
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Krish Chandrasekaran
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Tibor Kristian
- Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Rajeshwari Chellappan
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Samuel Rubin
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
- Department of Chemistry, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, 23187, USA
| | - Ashley Kiemen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Catherine Pei-Ju Lu
- Hansj rg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - James W. Russell
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Cheng-Ying Ho
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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Fan K, Liao Q, Yuan P, Xu R, Liu Z. Defective autophagy contributes to bupivacaine-induced aggravation of painful diabetic neuropathy in db/db mice. Neuropharmacology 2024; 245:109814. [PMID: 38104768 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Current evidence suggests that hyperactivated or impaired autophagy can lead to neuronal death. The effect of local anesthetics on painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) and the role of autophagy in the above pathological process remain unclear, warranting further studies. So, PDN models were established by assessing the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) in leptin gene-mutation (db/db) mice. Wild type (WT) and PDN mice received intrathecal 0.75% bupivacaine or/with intraperitoneal drug treatment (rapamycin or bafilomycin A1). Subsequently, the PWT and PWL were measured to assess hyperalgesia at 6 h, 24 h, 30 h, and 48 h after intrathecal bupivacaine. Also, sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) and motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) were measured before and 48 h after intrathecal bupivacaine treatment. The spinal cord tissue of L4-L6 segments and serum were harvested to evaluate the change of autophagy, oxidative stress, oxidative injury, and apoptosis. We found that bupivacaine induced the activation of autophagy but did not affect the pain threshold, SNCV and MNCV in WT mice at predefined time points. Conversely, bupivacaine lowered autophagosome generation and degradation, slowed SNCV and aggravated spinal dorsal horn neuron oxidative injury and hyperalgesia in PDN mice. The autophagy activator (rapamycin) could decrease spinal dorsal horn neuron oxidative injury, alleviate the alterations in SNCV and hyperalgesia in bupivacaine-treated PDN mice. Meanwhile, the autophagy inhibitor (bafilomycin A1) could exacerbate spinal dorsal horn neuron oxidative injury, the alterations in SNCV and hyperalgesia in bupivacaine-treated PDN mice. Our results showed that bupivacaine could induce defective autophagy, slowed SNCV and aggravate spinal dorsal horn neuron oxidative injury and hyperalgesia in PDN mice. Restoring autophagy may represent a potential therapeutic approach against nerve injury in PDN patients with local anesthesia and analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keke Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Yantian Road 7019, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Qinming Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Pengfei Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Fuxin Road 1, ShenZhen, 518116, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Industrial Avenue Central 253, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Zhongjie Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Yantian Road 7019, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Industrial Avenue Central 253, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong Province, China.
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9
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Negm A, Stobbe K, Ben Fradj S, Sanchez C, Landra-Willm A, Richter M, Fleuriot L, Debayle D, Deval E, Lingueglia E, Rovere C, Noel J. Acid-sensing ion channel 3 mediates pain hypersensitivity associated with high-fat diet consumption in mice. Pain 2024; 165:470-486. [PMID: 37733484 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Lipid-rich diet is the major cause of obesity, affecting 13% of the worldwide adult population. Obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome that includes hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus. The early phases of metabolic syndrome are often associated with hyperexcitability of peripheral small diameter sensory fibers and painful diabetic neuropathy. Here, we investigated the effect of high-fat diet-induced obesity on the activity of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons and pain perception. We deciphered the underlying cellular mechanisms involving the acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3). We show that mice made obese through consuming high-fat diet developed the metabolic syndrome and prediabetes that was associated with heat pain hypersensitivity, whereas mechanical sensitivity was not affected. Concurrently, the slow conducting C fibers in the skin of obese mice showed increased activity on heating, whereas their mechanosensitivity was not altered. Although ASIC3 knockout mice fed with high-fat diet became obese, and showed signs of metabolic syndrome and prediabetes, genetic deletion, and in vivo pharmacological inhibition of ASIC3, protected mice from obesity-induced thermal hypersensitivity. We then deciphered the mechanisms involved in the heat hypersensitivity of mice and found that serum from high-fat diet-fed mice was enriched in lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC16:0, LPC18:0, and LPC18:1). These enriched lipid species directly increased the activity of DRG neurons through activating the lipid sensitive ASIC3 channel. Our results identify ASIC3 channel in DRG neurons and circulating lipid species as a mechanism contributing to the hyperexcitability of nociceptive neurons that can cause pain associated with lipid-rich diet consumption and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Negm
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, LabEx ICST, FHU InovPain, Valbonne, France. Negm is now with the Université Clermont-Auvergne, Laboratoire Neurodol, UMR 1107 Inserm, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Katharina Stobbe
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, LabEx SIGNALIFE, Valbonne, France
| | - Selma Ben Fradj
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, LabEx SIGNALIFE, Valbonne, France
| | - Clara Sanchez
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, LabEx SIGNALIFE, Valbonne, France
| | - Arnaud Landra-Willm
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, LabEx ICST, FHU InovPain, Valbonne, France. Negm is now with the Université Clermont-Auvergne, Laboratoire Neurodol, UMR 1107 Inserm, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Margaux Richter
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, LabEx ICST, FHU InovPain, Valbonne, France. Negm is now with the Université Clermont-Auvergne, Laboratoire Neurodol, UMR 1107 Inserm, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Deval
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, LabEx ICST, FHU InovPain, Valbonne, France. Negm is now with the Université Clermont-Auvergne, Laboratoire Neurodol, UMR 1107 Inserm, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Eric Lingueglia
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, LabEx ICST, FHU InovPain, Valbonne, France. Negm is now with the Université Clermont-Auvergne, Laboratoire Neurodol, UMR 1107 Inserm, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Carole Rovere
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, LabEx SIGNALIFE, Valbonne, France
| | - Jacques Noel
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, LabEx ICST, FHU InovPain, Valbonne, France. Negm is now with the Université Clermont-Auvergne, Laboratoire Neurodol, UMR 1107 Inserm, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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10
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Hakim S, Jain A, Petrova V, Indajang J, Kawaguchi R, Wang Q, Duran ES, Nelson D, Adamson SS, Greene C, Woolf CJ. Macrophages protect against sensory axon degeneration in diabetic neuropathy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.30.577801. [PMID: 38352324 PMCID: PMC10862767 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.30.577801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes, causing sensory loss and debilitating neuropathic pain 1,2 . Although the onset and progression of DPN have been linked with dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia 3 , the contribution of inflammation in the pathogenesis of DPN has not been investigated. Here, we use a High Fat High Fructose Diet (HFHFD) to model DPN and the diabetic metabolic syndrome in mice. Diabetic mice develop persistent heat hypoalgesia after three months, but a reduction in epidermal skin innervation only manifests at 6 months. Using single-cell sequencing, we find that CCR2+ macrophages infiltrate the sciatic nerves of diabetic mice well before axonal degeneration is detectable. We show that these infiltrating macrophages share gene expression similarities with nerve crush-induced macrophages 4 and express neurodegeneration-associated microglia marker genes 5 although there is no axon loss or demyelination. Inhibiting this macrophage recruitment in diabetic mice by genetically or pharmacologically blocking CCR2 signaling results in a more severe heat hypoalgesia and accelerated skin denervation. These findings reveal a novel neuroprotective recruitment of macrophages into peripheral nerves of diabetic mice that delays the onset of terminal axonal degeneration, thereby reducing sensory loss. Potentiating and sustaining this early neuroprotective immune response in patients represents, therefore, a potential means to reduce or prevent DPN.
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11
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Brazill JM, Shen IR, Craft CS, Magee KL, Park JS, Lorenz M, Strickland A, Wee NK, Zhang X, Beeve AT, Meyer GA, Milbrandt J, DiAntonio A, Scheller EL. Sarm1 knockout prevents type 1 diabetic bone disease in females independent of neuropathy. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e175159. [PMID: 38175722 PMCID: PMC11143934 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.175159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with diabetes have a high risk of developing skeletal diseases accompanied by diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). In this study, we isolated the role of DPN in skeletal disease with global and conditional knockout models of sterile-α and TIR-motif-containing protein-1 (Sarm1). SARM1, an NADase highly expressed in the nervous system, regulates axon degeneration upon a range of insults, including DPN. Global knockout of Sarm1 prevented DPN, but not skeletal disease, in male mice with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Female wild-type mice also developed diabetic bone disease but without DPN. Unexpectedly, global Sarm1 knockout completely protected female mice from T1D-associated bone suppression and skeletal fragility despite comparable muscle atrophy and hyperglycemia. Global Sarm1 knockout rescued bone health through sustained osteoblast function with abrogation of local oxidative stress responses. This was independent of the neural actions of SARM1, as beneficial effects on bone were lost with neural conditional Sarm1 knockout. This study demonstrates that the onset of skeletal disease occurs rapidly in both male and female mice with T1D completely independently of DPN. In addition, this reveals that clinical SARM1 inhibitors, currently being developed for treatment of neuropathy, may also have benefits for diabetic bone through actions outside of the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivana R. Shen
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, and
| | | | | | - Jay S. Park
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Madelyn Lorenz
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Amy Strickland
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Natalie K. Wee
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Alec T. Beeve
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey Milbrandt
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Erica L. Scheller
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, and
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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12
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Sun Z, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Xu Y. Animal Models of Type 2 Diabetes Complications: A Review. Endocr Res 2024; 49:46-58. [PMID: 37950485 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2023.2278049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial metabolic disease, of which type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the most common. The complications of diabetes are far more harmful than diabetes itself. Type 2 diabetes complications include diabetic nephropathy (DN), diabetic heart disease, diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and diabetic retinopathy (DR) et al. Many animal models have been developed to study the pathogenesis of T2D and discover an effective strategy to treat its consequences. In this sense, it is crucial to choose the right animal model for the corresponding diabetic complication. This paper summarizes and classifies the animal modeling approaches to T2D complications and provides a comprehensive review of their advantages and disadvantages. It is hopeful that this paper will provide theoretical support for animal trials of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyan Sun
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, Taipa, PR China
| | - Yadi Liu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, Taipa, PR China
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, Taipa, PR China
| | - Youhua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, Taipa, PR China
- Zhuhai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Macau University of Science and Technology, Zhuhai, PR China
- Macau University of Science and Technology, Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute, Hengqin, Zhuhai, PR China
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13
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Azzari NA, Segars KL, Rapaka S, Kushimi L, Rich CB, Trinkaus-Randall V. Aberrations in Cell Signaling Quantified in Diabetic Murine Globes after Injury. Cells 2023; 13:26. [PMID: 38201230 PMCID: PMC10778404 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The corneal epithelium is an avascular structure that has a unique wound healing mechanism, which allows for rapid wound closure without compromising vision. This wound healing mechanism is attenuated in diabetic patients, resulting in poor clinical outcomes and recurrent non-healing erosion. We investigated changes in cellular calcium signaling activity during the wound response in murine diabetic tissue using live cell imaging from both ex vivo and in vitro models. The calcium signaling propagation in diabetic cells was significantly decreased and displayed altered patterns compared to non-diabetic controls. Diabetic cells and tissue display distinct expression of the purinergic receptor, P2X7, which mediates the wound healing response. We speculate that alterations in P2X7 expression, interactions with other proteins, and calcium signaling activity significantly impact the wound healing response. This may explain aberrations in the diabetic wound response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A. Azzari
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; (N.A.A.); (C.B.R.)
| | - Kristen L. Segars
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Srikar Rapaka
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Landon Kushimi
- Department of Computer Science, Center for Computing and Data Sciences, Boston University, 665 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Celeste B. Rich
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; (N.A.A.); (C.B.R.)
| | - Vickery Trinkaus-Randall
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; (N.A.A.); (C.B.R.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA
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14
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Şengel N, Küçük A, Özdemir Ç, Sezen ŞC, Kip G, Er F, Dursun AD, Polat Y, Kavutçu M, Arslan M. The Effect of Sevoflurane and Fullerenol C 60 on the Liver and Kidney in Lower Extremity Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice with Streptozocin-Induced Diabetes. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7543-7557. [PMID: 38111848 PMCID: PMC10725837 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s432924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to demonstrate whether fullerenol C60, sevoflurane anesthesia, or a combination of both had protective effects on the liver and kidneys in lower extremity ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in mice with streptozocin-induced diabetes. Methods A total of 46 Swiss albino mice were divided into six groups as follows: control group (group C, n=7), diabetes group (group D, n=7), diabetes-ischemia/reperfusion (group DIR, n=8), diabetes-ischemia/reperfusion-fullerenol C60 (group DIR-FC60, n=8), diabetes-ischemia/reperfusion-sevoflurane (group DIR-S, n=8), and the diabetes-ischemia/reperfusion-fullerenol C60-sevoflurane (group DIR-S-FC60, n=8). Fullerenol C60 (100mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 30 min before the ischemia-reperfusion procedure to the fullerenol groups (DIR-FC60 and DIR-S-FC60). In the DIR groups, 2 hours (h) ischemia-2h reperfusion periods were performed. In the sevoflurane groups, sevoflurane was applied during the ischemia-reperfusion period with 100% O2. Liver and kidney tissues were removed at the end of the reperfusion procedure for biochemical and histopathological examinations. Results In liver tissue, hydropic degeneration, sinusoidal dilatation, pycnotic nuclei, prenecrotic cells, and mononuclear cell infiltration in parenchyma were significantly more frequent in group DIR than in groups D and group C. In terms of the histopathologic criteria examined, more positive results were seen in group DIR-FC60, and when group DIR-FC60 was compared with group DIR, the difference was significant. The best results in AST, ALT, glucose, TBARS levels, and SOD enzyme activities in liver tissue were in group DIR-FC60 compared with group DIR, followed by groups DIR-S-FC60 and DIR-S, respectively. Regarding TBARS levels and SOD enzyme activities in kidney tissue, the best results were in groups DIR-FC60, DIR-S-FC60, and DIR-S, respectively. Conclusion According to our findings, it is clear that fullerenol C60 administered intraperitoneally 30 min before ischemia, alone or together with sevoflurane, reduces oxidative stress in distant organ damage caused by lower extremity IRI, and reduces liver and kidney tissue damage in histopathologic examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Necmiye Şengel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, (As a Specialist in Anesthesiology and Reanimation), Gazi University Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Küçük
- Department of Physiology, Kutahya Health Sciences University Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Çağrı Özdemir
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Mamak State Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şaban Cem Sezen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Gülay Kip
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Er
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Doğan Dursun
- Department of Physiology, Atılım University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yücel Polat
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Tekirdağ Dr. Ismail Fehmi Cumalıoğlu City Hospital, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kavutçu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Arslan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
- Life Sciences Application and Research Center, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
- Laboratory Animal Breeding and Experimental Researches Center (GÜDAM), Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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15
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Koroneos ZA, Ptasinski A, Stauch C, King TS, Fanburg-Smith JC, Aynardi M. Establishment of a Neurodegenerative Charcot Mouse Model. Foot Ankle Int 2023; 44:1278-1286. [PMID: 37818993 PMCID: PMC10717181 DOI: 10.1177/10711007231198822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to mimic the changes from Charcot neuropathic arthropathy in humans by examining the effects of exposing diet-induced obese (DIO) mice to neurotrauma through a regimented running protocol. METHODS Forty-eight male wild-type C57BL/6J mice were obtained at age 6 weeks and separated into 2 groups for diet assignment. After a 1-week acclimation period, half of the mice consumed a high-fat diet (60% fat by kcal) ad libitum to facilitate neuropathic diet-induced obesity whereas the other half were control mice and consumed an age-matched standard low-fat control diet (10% fat by kcal). At age 12 weeks, half of the animals from each group were subjected to a high-intensity inclined treadmill running protocol, which has been previously demonstrated to induce neurotrauma. Sensory testing and radiographic analyses were periodically performed. Histopathologic analyses were performed post killing. RESULTS DIO mice had significantly higher bodyweights, higher body fat percentages, and lower bone mineral density than wildtype control mice that were fed a normal diet throughout the experiment (P < .001 for each). DIO mice displayed significantly reduced sensory function in week 1 (P = .005) and this worsened over time, requiring 20.6% more force for paw withdrawal by week 10 (P < .001). DIO mice that ran demonstrated greater midfoot subluxation and tarsal instability over all time points compared with normal-diet mice that ran (P < .001). Histopathologic analyses revealed that DIO mice that ran demonstrated significant changes compared with controls that ran (P < .001 for each parameter). CONCLUSION Changes akin to the earliest changes observed in or before joint destruction identified in diabetic Charcot neuropathic arthropathy in humans were observed. CLINICAL RELEVANCE There is currently no standard of treatment for patients with Charcot neuropathic arthropathy. This study establishes a protocol for an animal model that can be used to study and compare interventions to treat this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A. Koroneos
- Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Anna Ptasinski
- Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Christopher Stauch
- Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Tonya S. King
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Julie C. Fanburg-Smith
- Departments of Pathology, Orthopaedics, Pediatrics, Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science, Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Michael Aynardi
- Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
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16
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Mandel N, Büttner M, Poschet G, Kuner R, Agarwal N. SUMOylation Modulates Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Levels and Acts as a Protective Mechanism in the Type 2 Model of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. Cells 2023; 12:2511. [PMID: 37947589 PMCID: PMC10648122 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the prevalent type of peripheral neuropathy; it primarily impacts extremity nerves. Its multifaceted nature makes the molecular mechanisms of diabetic neuropathy intricate and incompletely elucidated. Several types of post-translational modifications (PTMs) have been implicated in the development and progression of DPN, including phosphorylation, glycation, acetylation and SUMOylation. SUMOylation involves the covalent attachment of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins to target proteins, and it plays a role in various cellular processes, including protein localization, stability, and function. While the specific relationship between high blood glucose and SUMOylation is not extensively studied, recent evidence implies its involvement in the development of DPN in type 1 diabetes. In this study, we investigated the impact of SUMOylation on the onset and progression of DPN in a type 2 diabetes model using genetically modified mutant mice lacking SUMOylation, specifically in peripheral sensory neurons (SNS-Ubc9-/-). Behavioural measurement for evoked pain, morphological analyses of nerve fibre loss in the epidermis, measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and antioxidant molecules were analysed over several months in SUMOylation-deficient and control mice. Our longitudinal analysis at 30 weeks post-high-fat diet revealed that SNS-Ubc9-/- mice exhibited earlier and more pronounced thermal and mechanical sensation loss and accelerated intraepidermal nerve fibre loss compared to control mice. Mechanistically, these changes are associated with increased levels of ROS both in sensory neuronal soma and in peripheral axonal nerve endings in SNS-Ubc9-/- mice. In addition, we observed compromised detoxifying potential, impaired respiratory chain complexes, and reduced levels of protective lipids in sensory neurons upon deletion of SUMOylation in diabetic mice. Importantly, we also identified mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (MDH2) as a SUMOylation target, the activity of which is negatively regulated by SUMOylation. Our results indicate that SUMOylation is an essential neuroprotective mechanism in sensory neurons in type 2 diabetes, the deletion of which causes oxidative stress and an impaired respiratory chain, resulting in energy depletion and subsequent damage to sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Mandel
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (R.K.)
| | - Michael Büttner
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gernot Poschet
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rohini Kuner
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (R.K.)
| | - Nitin Agarwal
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (R.K.)
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17
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Bora K, Kushwah N, Maurya M, Pavlovich MC, Wang Z, Chen J. Assessment of Inner Blood-Retinal Barrier: Animal Models and Methods. Cells 2023; 12:2443. [PMID: 37887287 PMCID: PMC10605292 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper functioning of the neural retina relies on the unique retinal environment regulated by the blood-retinal barrier (BRB), which restricts the passage of solutes, fluids, and toxic substances. BRB impairment occurs in many retinal vascular diseases and the breakdown of BRB significantly contributes to disease pathology. Understanding the different molecular constituents and signaling pathways involved in BRB development and maintenance is therefore crucial in developing treatment modalities. This review summarizes the major molecular signaling pathways involved in inner BRB (iBRB) formation and maintenance, and representative animal models of eye diseases with retinal vascular leakage. Studies on Wnt/β-catenin signaling are highlighted, which is critical for retinal and brain vascular angiogenesis and barriergenesis. Moreover, multiple in vivo and in vitro methods for the detection and analysis of vascular leakage are described, along with their advantages and limitations. These pre-clinical animal models and methods for assessing iBRB provide valuable experimental tools in delineating the molecular mechanisms of retinal vascular diseases and evaluating therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jing Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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18
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Elshareif N, Gornick E, Gavini CK, Aubert G, Mansuy-Aubert V. Comparison of western diet-induced obesity and streptozotocin mouse models: insights into energy balance, somatosensory dysfunction, and cardiac autonomic neuropathy. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1238120. [PMID: 37885804 PMCID: PMC10598778 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1238120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are increasingly prevalent worldwide, necessitating a deeper comprehension of their underlying mechanisms. However, translating findings from animal research to human patients remains challenging. This study aimed to investigate the long-term effects of Streptozotocin (STZ) on metabolic, cardiac, and somatosensory function in mice fed a Western diet (WD) of high fat, sucrose, and cholesterol with low doses of STZ administration compared to mice fed WD alone. In our research, we thoroughly characterized energy balance and glucose homeostasis, as well as allodynia and cardiac function, all of which have been previously shown to be altered by WD feeding. Notably, our findings revealed that the treatment of WD-fed mice with STZ exacerbated dysfunction in glucose homeostasis via reduced insulin secretion in addition to impaired peripheral insulin signaling. Furthermore, both WD and WD + STZ mice exhibited the same degree of cardiac autonomic neuropathy, such as reduced heart rate variability and decreased protein levels of cardiac autonomic markers. Furthermore, both groups developed the same symptoms of neuropathic pain, accompanied by elevated levels of activating transcription factor 3 (Atf3) in the dorsal root ganglia. These discoveries enhance our understanding of metabolic activity, insulin resistance, neuropathy, and cardiac dysfunction of diet-induced models of obesity and diabetes. The exacerbation of impaired insulin signaling pathways by STZ did not lead to or worsen cardiac and somatosensory dysfunction. Additionally, they offer valuable insights into suitable diet induced translational mouse models, thereby advancing the development of potential interventions for associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Elshareif
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Emily Gornick
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Chaitanya K. Gavini
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gregory Aubert
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
- Clinical Development, CSL Vifor, Glattbrugg, Switzerland
| | - Virginie Mansuy-Aubert
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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19
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Elzinga SE, Eid SA, McGregor BA, Jang DG, Hinder LM, Dauch JR, Hayes JM, Zhang H, Guo K, Pennathur S, Kretzler M, Brosius FC, Koubek EJ, Feldman EL, Hur J. Transcriptomic analysis of diabetic kidney disease and neuropathy in mouse models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm050080. [PMID: 37791586 PMCID: PMC10565109 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) are common complications of type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes. However, the mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of these complications are unclear. In this study, we optimized a streptozotocin-induced db/+ murine model of T1D and compared it to our established db/db T2D mouse model of the same C57BLKS/J background. Glomeruli and sciatic nerve transcriptomic data from T1D and T2D mice were analyzed by self-organizing map and differential gene expression analysis. Consistent with prior literature, pathways related to immune function and inflammation were dysregulated in both complications in T1D and T2D mice. Gene-level analysis identified a high degree of concordance in shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in both complications and across diabetes type when using mice from the same cohort and genetic background. As we have previously shown a low concordance of shared DEGs in DPN when using mice from different cohorts and genetic backgrounds, this suggests that genetic background may influence diabetic complications. Collectively, these findings support the role of inflammation and indicate that genetic background is important in complications of both T1D and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Elzinga
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Stephanie A. Eid
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Brett A. McGregor
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Dae-Gyu Jang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lucy M. Hinder
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - John M. Hayes
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Subramaniam Pennathur
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Frank C. Brosius
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Emily J. Koubek
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Eva L. Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Junguk Hur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
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Jaiswar P, Bhate M, Surolia A. Promotion of degradative autophagy by 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime attenuates neuropathy. Biofactors 2023; 49:1074-1084. [PMID: 37249268 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Damage to the central or peripheral nervous system causes neuropathic pain. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a role in peripheral neuropathy. Increase in ER stress is seen in diabetic neuropathy. Inducers of ER stress also give rise to peripheral neuropathy. ER stress leads to the formation of autophagosome but as their degradation is also stalled during ER stress accumulation of autophagosomes is seen. Accumulation of autophagosomes has deleterious effects on cells. In the present study, we show that treatment with tunicamycin (TM) (ER stress inducer) in mice leads to peripheral neuropathy as assessed by Von Frey and Hot plate method. Administration of a promoter of autophagy viz. 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (6-BIO) subsequent to ER stress induced by TM exhibits a decrease in peripheral neuropathy. 6-BIO was also effective in reducing diabetic peripheral neuropathy. To understand the type of autophagy activated, SH-SY5Y cells were treated with 6-BIO after TM treatment. Levels of cathepsin D (CTSD), a marker for degradative autophagy was higher in cells treated with 6-BIO after TM treatment compared to only TM-treated SH-SY5Y cells while levels of Rab8A,-a marker for secretory autophagy was reduced. Furthermore, in parallel during ER stress secretory, we noted increased levels of lysozyme in autophagosomes destined for secretion. Cells treated with 6-BIO showed reduction of lysozyme in secretory autophagosomes. This shows that 6-BIO increased degradative autophagy and reduced the secretory autophagy. 6-BIO also reduced the caspase-3 activity in 6-BIO-treated cells. Thus, 6-BIO reduced neuropathy in animals by activating degradative autophagy and reducing the secretory autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Jaiswar
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Mitali Bhate
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Avadhesha Surolia
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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21
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Colcimen N, Altindag F. Evaluation of the effects of sinapic acid and ellagic acid on sciatic nerve in experimental diabetic rats by immunohistochemical and stereological methods. J Chem Neuroanat 2023; 131:102274. [PMID: 37085061 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
In our study, we aimed to examine the effects of sinapic acid and ellagic acid on neuropathy caused by diabetes in peripheral nerves. Fifty-six adult Wistar Albino rats Control, Diabetes, Diabetes+Sinapic Acid, Diabetes+Ellagic Acid, Diabetes+Sinapic Acid+Ellagic Acid, Sinapic Acid, Ellagic Acid and as Sinapic Acid+Ellagic Acid, they were randomly divided into eight groups(n:7). A single dose of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin(STZ) was administered intraperitoneally to the groups to be diagnosed with diabetes. Diabetes was accepted as blood glucose value of 250 mg/dL and above. Streptozotocin was given to the diabetes groups, 20 mg/kg/day intragastric Sinapic acid to the Sinapic acid groups, 50 mg/kg/day intragastric Ellagic acid to the Ellagic acid groups for 28 days. At the end of the experiment, 0.5 cm of the right sciatic nerve was removed. It was fixed in 10% formaldehyde. After histological follow-up, it was embedded in paraffin, 5 µm thick sections were taken. Immunohistochemical staining with Fibrinogen alpha, Laminin β-1 and Collagen IV antibodies and stereological evaluation was performed by Physical Dissector Combination method. Collagen IV was used in control, diabetes and treatment groups showed similar immunostaining. Fibrinogen alpha was observed to be increased in the vessel wall in the diabetes group, while the uptake was minimal in the control and treatment groups. While Laminin β-1 was increased in the diabetes group compared to the control group, immunostaining was observed in the treatment groups similar to the control group. It was observed that the total nerve area diabetes group decreased significantly compared to the control group, and the treatment groups, except for D+EA group were similar to the control group, but there was no statistically significant difference. The axon numbers in the diabetes group decreased significantly compared to the control group, and the treatment groups were similar to the control group, and there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). It was determined that Sinapic Acid and Ellagic acid had positive effects on the nervous tissue in diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nese Colcimen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey.
| | - Fikret Altindag
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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22
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Zhang X, Huang S, Zhuang Z, Han X, Xie M, Yu S, Hua M, Liang Z, Meng C, Yin L, Zhuang X, Chen S. Lipin2 ameliorates diabetic encephalopathy via suppressing JNK/ERK-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome overactivation. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:109930. [PMID: 37001383 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a common complication of diabetes in the central nervous system, which can cause cognitive dysfunction in patients. However, its pathophysiological mechanism has not been elucidated, and thus effective prevention and treatment methods are still lacking.Previous studies reported that neuroinflammation involved in the central neuropathy, while lipin2 plays an important role in inflammatory response.Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of lipin2 on regulating inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of DE. METHODS BV2 cells were treated with high glucose and infected with lipin2 overexpression or knockdown virus to observe the cell viability. Then, we constructed a mouse model of DE, and constructed a lipin2 knockdown or overexpression model by injecting lentivirus into the brain with stereotaxis. The expression of lipin2 in inflammatory bodies and related inflammatory factor signaling pathway-related proteins were examined by western blot and quantitative real-time PCR. Morris water maze was used to evaluate the spatial learning and memory of mice. RESULTS High glucose decreased the expression of lipin2 in BV2 cells, while overexpression of lipin2 in BV2 cells significantly suppressed the inflammatory response and apoptosis induced by high glucose. Meanwhile, the expression of lipin2 was down-regulated in the hippocampus in a DE mice model. Up-regulation of lipin2 in the hippocampus of DE mice inhibited JNK/ERK signaling pathway, reduced NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammatory response, down-regulated IL-1/TNF-α expression, and improved synaptic plasticity and cognitive dysfunction in mice. Conversely, knockdown of lipin2 increased NLRP3 inflammasome overactivation, caused neuronal abnormalities and cognitive impairment in mice. CONCLUSIONS Lipin2 may play a neuroprotective role in DE by inhibiting JNK/ERK-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome overactivation and subsequent inflammatory responses. It may be a potential therapeutic target for DE therapy.
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Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Bai Y, Zheng H, Ji L, Zhu X, Sun W, Liu X, Zhang S, Li Y, Lu B. Glycogen synthesis kinase-3β involves in the analgesic effect of liraglutide on diabetic neuropathic pain. J Diabetes Complications 2023; 37:108416. [PMID: 36773433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Explore whether Glycogen synthesis kinase-3β (GSK3β) involved in the analgesic effect of liraglutide on diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP). METHODS DNP was induced by streptozocin (STZ) in WT and GSK3β(S9A) mice, which carried a constitutively active form of GSK3β. DNP mice were intracerebroventricularly injected with liraglutide 5 weeks after STZ injection. The behavior of neuropathic pain was evaluated 2 h after drugs administration. The microglial activation and the expression of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) in microglia in cortex were evaluated. The role of GSK3β in the inhibitory effect of liraglutide on the NLRP3 inflammasome was explored in BV2 microglia. RESULTS Intracerebroventricular administration of liraglutide significantly relieved neuropathic pain and inhibited the activation of cortical microglia in WT mice with DNP. But the effect of liraglutide disappeared in GSK3β(S9A) mice. In BV2 microglia, GSK3β inhibitor significantly suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation. And activating GSK3β through GSK3β(S9A) lentivirus significantly blocked the inhibitory effect of liraglutide on NLRP3 inflammasome in BV2 microglia. Intracerebroventricular administration of liraglutide significantly inhibited the expression of NLRP3 in cortex microglia of DNP group in WT mice but failed in GSK3β(S9A) mice. CONCLUSION GSK3β involves in the analgesic effect of liraglutide on DNP through NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanpin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yuetian Bai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Hangping Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Lijin Ji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Wanwan Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
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Chen O, He Q, Han Q, Furutani K, Gu Y, Olexa M, Ji RR. Mechanisms and treatments of neuropathic itch in a mouse model of lymphoma. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:160807. [PMID: 36520531 PMCID: PMC9927942 DOI: 10.1172/jci160807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of neuropathic itch is limited due to a lack of relevant animal models. Patients with cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) experience severe itching. Here, we characterize a mouse model of chronic itch with remarkable lymphoma growth, immune cell accumulation, and persistent pruritus. Intradermal CTCL inoculation produced time-dependent changes in nerve innervations in lymphoma-bearing skin. In the early phase (20 days), CTCL caused hyperinnervations in the epidermis. However, chronic itch was associated with loss of epidermal nerve fibers in the late phases (40 and 60 days). CTCL was also characterized by marked nerve innervations in mouse lymphoma. Blockade of C-fibers reduced pruritus at early and late phases, whereas blockade of A-fibers only suppressed late-phase itch. Intrathecal (i.t.) gabapentin injection reduced late-phase, but not early-phase, pruritus. IL-31 was upregulated in mouse lymphoma, whereas its receptor Il31ra was persistently upregulated in Trpv1-expressing sensory neurons in mice with CTCL. Intratumoral anti-IL-31 treatment effectively suppressed CTCL-induced scratching and alloknesis (mechanical itch). Finally, i.t. administration of a TLR4 antagonist attenuated pruritus in early and late phases and in both sexes. Collectively, we have established a mouse model of neuropathic and cancer itch with relevance to human disease. Our findings also suggest distinct mechanisms underlying acute, chronic, and neuropathic itch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouyang Chen
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology,,Department of Cell Biology, and
| | - Qianru He
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology
| | - Qingjian Han
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology
| | - Kenta Furutani
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology
| | - Yun Gu
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology
| | - Madelynne Olexa
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology
| | - Ru-Rong Ji
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology,,Department of Cell Biology, and,Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Identification of Adipogenesis Subgroups and Immune Infiltration Characteristics in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:3673094. [PMID: 36741233 PMCID: PMC9893521 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3673094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of adipogenesis is related to diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) pathogenesis, which may be mediated by immune infiltration. Nevertheless, the expression patterns of multiple adipogenesis-related genes and the differences of immune infiltration in different lipid metabolism levels remain unknown. GSE95849, a gene expression matrix containing DPN patients and healthy participants, was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed adipogenesis-related genes (DEARGs) were screened by overlapping the adipogenesis-related genes with differentially expressed genes (DEGs). DPN patients from GSE24290 and GSE148059 were divided into two adipogenesis subgroups according to the expression of DEARGs. The single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to estimate the abundance of the immune cells between two subgroups. The analysis of immune infiltration suggested that a variety of immune cells and immune processes were elevated in the high expression group of DEARGs. The differentially expressed genes of the two subgroups were mainly enriched in biological processes and signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism. PPARG, FABP4, LIPE, FASN, SCD, DGAT2, PNPLA2, ADIPOQ, LEP, and CEBPA were identified as the hub genes of the two subgroups, whose related transcription factors (TFs) and miRNAs were predicted. An immunohistochemical assay was used to verify the expression of hub genes in DPN nerve tissues. Our comprehensive analysis of adipogenesis subgroups in DPN illustrated that different expression patterns of DEARGs may lead to different immune and inflammatory states. The identification of DEARGs may help to further distinguish the different characteristics of DPN patients and lay the foundation for targeted treatment. Our findings may bring a novel perspective to the diagnosis and treatment of DPN patients.
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26
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Zádori ZS, Király K, Al-Khrasani M, Gyires K. Interactions between NSAIDs, opioids and the gut microbiota - Future perspectives in the management of inflammation and pain. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 241:108327. [PMID: 36473615 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The composition of intestinal microbiota is influenced by a number of factors, including medications, which may have a substantial impact on host physiology. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioid analgesics are among those widely used medications that have been shown to alter microbiota composition in both animals and humans. Although much effort has been devoted to identify microbiota signatures associated with these medications, much less is known about the underlying mechanisms. Mucosal inflammation, changes in intestinal motility, luminal pH and bile acid metabolism, or direct drug-induced inhibitory effect on bacterial growth are all potential contributors to NSAID- and opioid-induced dysbiosis, however, only a few studies have addressed directly these issues. In addition, there is a notable overlap between the microbiota signatures of these drugs and certain diseases in which they are used, such as spondyloarthritis (SpA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and neuropathic pain associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aims of the present review are threefold. First, we aim to provide a comprehensive up-to-date summary on the bacterial alterations caused by NSAIDs and opioids. Second, we critically review the available data on the possible underlying mechanisms of dysbiosis. Third, we review the current knowledge on gut dysbiosis associated with SpA, RA and neuropathic pain in T2D, and highlight the similarities between them and those caused by NSAIDs and opioids. We posit that drug-induced dysbiosis may contribute to the persistence of these diseases, and may potentially limit the therapeutic effect of these medications by long-term use. In this context, we will review the available literature data on the effect of probiotic supplementation and fecal microbiota transplantation on the therapeutic efficacy of NSAIDs and opioids in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán S Zádori
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Kornél Király
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mahmoud Al-Khrasani
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Klára Gyires
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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27
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Pérez-Martinez IO, Cifuentes-Mendiola SE, Solis-Suarez DL, García-Hernández AL. Moderate intensity aerobic training reduces the signs of peripheral sensitization in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:2747-2756. [PMID: 36063191 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06453-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health problem for many reasons including the comorbidities, such as diabetic neuropathy (DPN), which is the most common. It has been suggested that aerobic training can improve metabolic health in individuals with T2DM. Still, the effect of aerobic training on DPN signs and its relationship with serum levels of tumor necrosis tumor alpha (TNF-α), an essential molecule in T2DM development, is unknown. We evaluated the effect of two intensities of aerobic training in adult male C57BL/6 mice divided into six groups: sedentary control (CTRL), control with low-intensity training (CTRL-LI), control with moderate-intensity training (CTRL-MI), T2DM sedentary (T2DM), T2DM with low-intensity training (T2DM-LI), and T2DM with moderate-intensity training (T2DM-MI). We induced the T2DM model by combining a hypercaloric diet and low doses of streptozotocin. We measured serum TNF-α levels and correlated them with peripheral sensitization and the cardinal signs of T2DM in mice. Moderate intensity aerobic training decreased the symptoms of DPN and improved metabolic health in T2DM. Interestingly, decreased TNF-α serum levels correlated with reduced peripheral thermal sensitivity and mechanical sensitivity by aerobic training. Moderate intensity aerobic training counteracts the development and symptoms of DPN and improve metabolic health in T2DM. Decreased TNF-α correlates with reduced peripheral thermal sensitivity and mechanical sensitivity by aerobic training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac O Pérez-Martinez
- Sección de neurobiología de las Sensaciones y Movimientos orales, Laboratorio de Investigación Odontologica, Clínica Universitaria de Salud Integral Almaraz FES Iztacala, UNAM. Av. Jiménez Gallardo SN, San Sebastián Xhala, CP 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México
| | - Saul E Cifuentes-Mendiola
- Sección de osteoinmunología e inmunidad oral, Laboratorio de investigación Odontológica, Clínica Universitaria de Salud Integral Almaraz FES Iztacala, UNAM. Av. Jiménez Gallardo SN, San Sebastián Xhala, CP 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México
| | - Diana L Solis-Suarez
- Sección de osteoinmunología e inmunidad oral, Laboratorio de investigación Odontológica, Clínica Universitaria de Salud Integral Almaraz FES Iztacala, UNAM. Av. Jiménez Gallardo SN, San Sebastián Xhala, CP 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México
| | - Ana L García-Hernández
- Sección de osteoinmunología e inmunidad oral, Laboratorio de investigación Odontológica, Clínica Universitaria de Salud Integral Almaraz FES Iztacala, UNAM. Av. Jiménez Gallardo SN, San Sebastián Xhala, CP 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México.
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Bonomo R, Kramer S, Aubert VM. Obesity-Associated Neuropathy: Recent Preclinical Studies and Proposed Mechanisms. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:597-612. [PMID: 35152780 PMCID: PMC9527047 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and associated obesity has increased in recent years, affecting millions worldwide. One of the most common complications of obesity is damage to the peripheral nerve system, referred to as neuropathy. The lack of disease-modifying therapy for this complication is largely due to a poor understanding of the complex neurobiology underlying neuropathy. Recent preclinical studies suggest that in addition to glucotoxic events, other mechanisms, including lipid signaling, microbiome, or inflammation, may be viable targets to prevent nerve damage and neuropathic pain in obesity. Recent Advances: Clinical and preclinical studies using diet-induced obesity rodent models have identified novel interventions that improve neuropathy. Notably, mechanistic studies suggest that lipid, calcium signaling, and inflammation are converging pathways. Critical Issues: In this review, we focus on interventions and their mechanisms that are shown to ameliorate neuropathy in MetS obese models, including: (i) inhibition of a sensory neuron population, (ii), modification of dietary components, (iii) activation of nuclear and mitochondrial lipid pathways, (iv) exercise, and (v) modulation of gut microbiome composition and their metabolites. Future Directions: These past years, novel research increased our knowledge about neuropathy in obesity and discovered the involvement of nonglucose signaling. More studies are necessary to uncover the interplay between complex metabolic pathways in the peripheral nerve system of obese individuals. Further mechanistic studies in preclinical models and humans are crucial to create single- or multitarget interventions for this complex disease implying complex metabolic phenotyping. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 597-612.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raiza Bonomo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Sarah Kramer
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Virginie M. Aubert
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
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29
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Rumora AE, Kim B, Feldman EL. A Role for Fatty Acids in Peripheral Neuropathy Associated with Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:560-577. [PMID: 35152728 PMCID: PMC9499450 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Significance: As the global prevalence of diabetes rises, diabetic complications are also increasing at an alarming rate. Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is the most prevalent complication of diabetes and prediabetes, and is characterized by progressive sensory loss resulting from nerve damage. While hyperglycemia is the major risk factor for PN in type 1 diabetes (T1D), the metabolic syndrome (MetS) underlies the onset and progression of PN in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and prediabetes. Recent Advances: Recent reports show that dyslipidemia, a MetS component, is strongly associated with PN in T2D and prediabetes. Dyslipidemia is characterized by an abnormal plasma lipid profile with uncontrolled lipid levels, and both clinical and preclinical studies implicate a role for dietary fatty acids (FAs) in PN pathogenesis. Molecular studies further show that saturated and unsaturated FAs differentially regulate the nerve lipid profile and nerve function. Critical Issues: We first review the properties of FAs and the neuroanatomy of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Second, we discuss clinical and preclinical studies that implicate the involvement of FAs in PN. Third, we summarize the potential effects of FAs on nerve function and lipid metabolism within the peripheral nerves, sensory neurons, and Schwann cells. Future Directions: Future directions will focus on identifying molecular pathways in T2D and prediabetes that are modulated by FAs in PN. Determining pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie the injurious effects of saturated FAs and beneficial properties of unsaturated FAs will provide mechanistic targets for developing new targeted therapies to treat PN associated with T2D and prediabetes. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 560-577.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E. Rumora
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Bhumsoo Kim
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Eva L. Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Markova L, Cvetko E, Ugwoke CK, Horvat S, Umek N, Stopar Pintarič T. The Influence of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy on the Duration of Sciatic Nerve Block with 1.3% Liposomal Bupivacaine and 0.25% Bupivacaine Hydrochloride in a Mouse Model. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091824. [PMID: 36145571 PMCID: PMC9502724 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known regarding the pharmacological properties of extended-release local anesthetics in the setting of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. We investigated and compared the duration of sciatic nerve block following administration of clinically relevant concentrations of liposomal bupivacaine (LB) and bupivacaine hydrochloride (BH) in diabetic mice with peripheral neuropathy. In this prospective, randomized, and double-blind study, twenty-four female C57BL/6J-OlaHsd mice were assigned to a streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes group and a control group without diabetes. The presence of peripheral neuropathy was established by assessing the duration of thermal latency of the plantar and tail-flick tests, following which both groups were subdivided into two subgroups in which 35 mg/kg of 1.31% LB and 7 mg/kg of 0.25% BH were respectively administered for sciatic nerve block. The average sensory block duration with BH was 106 min and 117.1 min in the control and diabetic groups, respectively. With LB, the average sensory block duration was 118 min in the control mice, while in mice with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, the average block duration was significantly longer and above the 270 min limit set in our study. Accordingly, sensory block duration was longer with LB compared to BH, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy significantly increased sciatic nerve block duration with LB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liljana Markova
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Therapy, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška Cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova Ulica 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Erika Cvetko
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova Ulica 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Chiedozie Kenneth Ugwoke
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova Ulica 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simon Horvat
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Immunology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, 1230 Domžale, Slovenia
| | - Nejc Umek
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova Ulica 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence:
| | - Tatjana Stopar Pintarič
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Therapy, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška Cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova Ulica 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Miyashita A, Kobayashi M, Ishibashi S, Nagata T, Chandrasekhar A, Zochodne DW, Yokota T. The Role of Long Noncoding RNA MALAT1 in Diabetic Polyneuropathy and the Impact of Its Silencing in the Dorsal Root Ganglion by a DNA/RNA Heteroduplex Oligonucleotide. Diabetes 2022; 71:1299-1312. [PMID: 35276003 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of diabetes, yet its pathophysiology has not been established. Accumulating evidence suggests that long noncoding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) plays pivotal roles in the regulation of cell growth and survival during diabetic complications. This study aimed to investigate the impact of MALAT1 silencing in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons, using an α-tocopherol-conjugated DNA/RNA heteroduplex oligonucleotide (Toc-HDO), on the peripheral nervous system of diabetic mice. We identified MALAT1 upregulation in the DRG of chronic diabetic mice that suggested either a pathological change or one that might be protective, and systemic intravenous injection of Toc-HDO effectively inhibited its gene expression. However, we unexpectedly noted that this intervention paradoxically exacerbated disease with increased thermal and mechanical nociceptive thresholds, indicating further sensory loss, greater sciatic-tibial nerve conduction slowing, and additional declines of intraepidermal nerve fiber density in the hind paw footpads. Serine/arginine-rich splicing factors, which are involved in pre-mRNA splicing by interacting with MALAT1, reside in nuclear speckles in wild-type and diabetic DRG neurons; MALAT1 silencing was associated with their disruption. The findings provide evidence for an important role that MALAT1 plays in DPN, suggesting neuroprotection and regulation of pre-mRNA splicing in nuclear speckles. This is also the first example in which a systemically delivered nucleotide therapy had a direct impact on DRG diabetic neurons and their axons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Miyashita
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Nissan Tamagawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Ishibashi
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nagata
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ambika Chandrasekhar
- Division of Neurology and Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Douglas W Zochodne
- Division of Neurology and Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Takanori Yokota
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Identification and quantification of nociceptive Schwann cells in mice with and without Streptozotocin-induced diabetes. J Chem Neuroanat 2022; 123:102118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2022.102118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Song L, Han R, Yin H, Li J, Zhang Y, Wang J, Yang Z, Bai J, Guo M. Sphingolipid metabolism plays a key role in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Metabolomics 2022; 18:32. [PMID: 35596842 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-022-01879-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As the most common chronic complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) seriously affects the quality of life of DM patients. So, it is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of DPN. In recent years, there have been numerous studies on pathogenesis and biomarkers of DM, but there are few studies on the biomarkers of DPN. OBJECTIVES This research is intended to identify abnormal metabolic pathways, search for potential biomarkers of DPN, and provide a metabolic basis for the diagnosis and mechanism of DPN. METHODS Serum samples from 23 healthy controls (HC), 42 DM patients and 30 DPN patients and urine samples from 42 HC, 40 DM patients, and 30 DPN patients were collected. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS was used to analyze the samples. Potential biomarkers were screened from principal component analysis (PCA) to orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and further evaluated by receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC). The biomarkers were then enriched and pathway analyzed. RESULTS 12 potential DPN biomarkers were identified from patient's serum. 11 potential DPN biomarkers were identified from the patient's urine. Among them, the diagnostic ability of gluconic acid, lipoic acid, sphinganine, bilirubin, sphingosine and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid was increased by ROC analysis. Potential biomarkers suggest that the disorder of DPN metabolism may be linked to sphingolipid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS This research laid a theoretical foundation for the diagnosis and pathogenesis of DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan, Jinghai Dist., 301617, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan, Jinghai Dist., 301617, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqing Yin
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan, Jinghai Dist., 301617, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingfang Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan, Jinghai Dist., 301617, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan, Jinghai Dist., 301617, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan, Jinghai Dist., 301617, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan, Jinghai Dist., 301617, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Junwei Bai
- Tianjin Nankai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 28 Guangkaixin Street, Nankai District, 300102, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Maojuan Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan, Jinghai Dist, 301617, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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Bu Y, Shih KC, Tong L. The ocular surface and diabetes, the other 21st Century epidemic. Exp Eye Res 2022; 220:109099. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Busa P, Kuthati Y, Huang N, Wong CS. New Advances on Pathophysiology of Diabetes Neuropathy and Pain Management: Potential Role of Melatonin and DPP-4 Inhibitors. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:864088. [PMID: 35496279 PMCID: PMC9039240 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.864088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-diabetes and diabetes are growing threats to the modern world. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with comorbidities such as hypertension (83.40%), obesity (90.49%), and dyslipidemia (93.43%), creating a substantial burden on patients and society. Reductive and oxidative (Redox) stress level imbalance and inflammation play an important role in DM progression. Various therapeutics have been investigated to treat these neuronal complications. Melatonin and dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors (DPP-4i) are known to possess powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and have garnered significant attention in the recent years. In this present review article, we have reviewed the recently published reports on the therapeutic efficiency of melatonin and DPP-4i in the treatment of DM. We summarized the efficacy of melatonin and DPP-4i in DM and associated complications of diabetic neuropathy (DNP) and neuropathic pain. Furthermore, we discussed the mechanisms of action and their efficacy in the alleviation of oxidative stress in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Busa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yaswanth Kuthati
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Niancih Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Grauate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Shung Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Grauate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chih-Shung Wong,
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36
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Pham VM, Thakor N. Insulin enhances neurite extension and myelination of diabetic neuropathy neurons. Korean J Pain 2022; 35:160-172. [PMID: 35354679 PMCID: PMC8977202 DOI: 10.3344/kjp.2022.35.2.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The authors established an in vitro model of diabetic neuropathy based on the culture system of primary neurons and Schwann cells (SCs) to mimic similar symptoms observed in in vivo models of this complication, such as impaired neurite extension and impaired myelination. The model was then utilized to investigate the effects of insulin on enhancing neurite extension and myelination of diabetic neurons. Methods SCs and primary neurons were cultured under conditions mimicking hyperglycemia prepared by adding glucose to the basal culture medium. In a single culture, the proliferation and maturation of SCs and the neurite extension of neurons were evaluated. In a co-culture, the percentage of myelination of diabetic neurons was investigated. Insulin at different concentrations was supplemented to culture media to examine its effects on neurite extension and myelination. Results The cells showed similar symptoms observed in in vivo models of this complication. In a single culture, hyperglycemia attenuated the proliferation and maturation of SCs, induced apoptosis, and impaired neurite extension of both sensory and motor neurons. In a co-culture of SCs and neurons, the percentage of myelinated neurites in the hyperglycemia-treated group was significantly lower than that in the control group. This impaired neurite extension and myelination was reversed by the introduction of insulin to the hyperglycemic culture media. Conclusions Insulin may be a potential candidate for improving diabetic neuropathy. Insulin can function as a neurotrophic factor to support both neurons and SCs. Further research is needed to discover the potential of insulin in improving diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vuong M Pham
- Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biotechnology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nitish Thakor
- Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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37
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Yuan P, Song F, Zhu P, Fan K, Liao Q, Huang L, Liu Z. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1-mediated defective mitophagy contributes to painful diabetic neuropathy in the db/db model. J Neurochem 2022; 162:276-289. [PMID: 35263449 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) was involved in the pathological process of diabetes. Mitophagy is widely acknowledged to be a key regulatory process in maintaining reactive oxygen species homeostasis via lysosome degradation of damaged mitochondria. However, the regulatory role of PARP1 in mitophagy-related mitochondrial oxidative injury and progression of painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is unclear. In this study, we studied the in vitro and in vivo mechanisms of PARP1-mediated mitophagy blockade in a leptin gene-mutation (db/db) mouse model of PDN. Db/db mice models of PDN were established by assessing the sciatic nerve conduction velocity (SNCV), mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT), and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL). The results showed that PARP1 activity and mitochondrial injury of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were increased, and mitophagy was impaired in PDN mice. PARP1 was found to mediate the impairment of mitophagy in DRG neurons isolated from PDN mice. PARP1 inhibitors (PJ34 or AG14361) attenuated diabetes-induced peripheral nerve hyperalgesia, restored DRG neuron mitophagy function and decreased mitochondrial oxidative injury. Mitophagy impairment induced by lysosome deacidificant (DC661) aggravated diabetes-induced DRG neuron mitochondrial oxidative stress and injury. Taken together, our data revealed that PARP1 induced defective mitophagy of DRG neurons is a key mechanism in diabetes-induced peripheral neuropathic injury. Inhibition of PARP1 and restoration of mitophagy function are potential therapeutic targets for PDN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Industrial Avenue Central 253, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fuhu Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Pian Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Industrial Avenue Central 253, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Keke Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Industrial Avenue Central 253, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qinming Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lijin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhongjie Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Industrial Avenue Central 253, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong Province, China
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38
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Santos DFS, Donahue RR, Laird D, Oliveira M, Taylor B. The PPARγ agonist pioglitazone produces a female-predominant inhibition of hyperalgesia associated with surgical incision, peripheral nerve injury, and painful diabetic neuropathy. Neuropharmacology 2022; 205:108907. [PMID: 34856203 PMCID: PMC8992004 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pioglitazone, an agonist at peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, is FDA-approved for the treatment of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. Numerous studies in male rodents suggest that pioglitazone inhibits inflammatory and neuropathic pain, but few included female subjects. To address this gap, we compared the effects of pioglitazone in both sexes in the intraplantar methylglyoxal model (MG) model of chemical pain and painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN), the plantar incision model (PIM) of postoperative pain, the spared nerve injury (SNI) model of traumatic nerve injury, and the ZDF rat and db/db mouse models of PDN. We administered pioglitazone by one-time intrathecal or intraperitoneal injection or by adding it to chow for 6 weeks, followed by measurement of hypersensitivity to non-noxious mechanical, noxious mechanical, heat, and/or cold stimuli. In all mouse models, injection of pioglitazone decreased pain-like behaviors with greater potency and/or efficacy in females as compared to males: heat and mechanical hypersensitivity in the MG model (0.1-10 mg/kg); mechanical hypersensitivity in the PIM model (10 μg); mechanical and cold hypersensitivity in the SNI model (100 mg/kg); and heat hypersensitivity in the db/db model (100 mg/kg). Furthermore, co-administration of low doses of morphine (1 mg/kg) and pioglitazone (10 mg/kg) decreased SNI-induced mechanical and cold hypersensitivity in female but not male mice. In the ZDF rat, pioglitazone (100 mg/kg) decreased heat and mechanical hypersensitivity with no sex difference. In the db/db model, pioglitazone had no effect when given into chow for 6 weeks at 0.3, 3 or 30 mg/kg doses. We conclude that females exhibit greater anti-hyperalgesic responses to pioglitazone in mouse models of chemical-induced nociception, postsurgical pain, neuropathic pain, and PDN. These findings set the stage for clinical trials to determine whether pioglitazone has analgesic properties across a broad spectrum of chronic pain conditions, particularly in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. F. S. Santos
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, and Pittsburgh Project to end Opioid Misuse, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - R. R. Donahue
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - D.E. Laird
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - M.C. Oliveira
- School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - B.K. Taylor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, and Pittsburgh Project to end Opioid Misuse, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Hossain MJ, Kendig MD, Letton ME, Morris MJ, Arnold R. Peripheral Neuropathy Phenotyping in Rat Models of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Evaluating Uptake of the Neurodiab Guidelines and Identifying Future Directions. Diabetes Metab J 2022; 46:198-221. [PMID: 35385634 PMCID: PMC8987683 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2021.0347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) affects over half of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, with an urgent need for effective pharmacotherapies. While many rat and mouse models of T2DM exist, the phenotyping of DPN has been challenging with inconsistencies across laboratories. To better characterize DPN in rodents, a consensus guideline was published in 2014 to accelerate the translation of preclinical findings. Here we review DPN phenotyping in rat models of T2DM against the 'Neurodiab' criteria to identify uptake of the guidelines and discuss how DPN phenotypes differ between models and according to diabetes duration and sex. A search of PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases identified 125 studies, categorised as either diet and/or chemically induced models or transgenic/spontaneous models of T2DM. The use of diet and chemically induced T2DM models has exceeded that of transgenic models in recent years, and the introduction of the Neurodiab guidelines has not appreciably increased the number of studies assessing all key DPN endpoints. Combined high-fat diet and low dose streptozotocin rat models are the most frequently used and well characterised. Overall, we recommend adherence to Neurodiab guidelines for creating better animal models of DPN to accelerate translation and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jakir Hossain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael D. Kendig
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Meg E. Letton
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Margaret J. Morris
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ria Arnold
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Exercise and Rehabilitation, School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
- Corresponding author: Ria Arnold https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7469-6587 Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Health Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia E-mail:
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40
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Bhandari R, Sharma A, Kuhad A. Novel Nanotechnological Approaches for Targeting Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG) in Mitigating Diabetic Neuropathic Pain (DNP). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 12:790747. [PMID: 35211091 PMCID: PMC8862660 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.790747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy is the most entrenched complication of diabetes. Usually, it affects the distal foot and toes, which then gradually approaches the lower part of the legs. Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) could be one of the worst complications of diabetes mellitus. Long-term diabetes leads to hyperglycemia, which is the utmost contributor to neuropathic pain. Hyperglycemia causing an upregulation of voltage-gated sodium channels in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was often observed in models of neuropathic pain. DRG opening frequency increases intracellular sodium ion levels, which further causes increased calcium channel opening and stimulates other pathways leading to diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Currently, pain due to diabetic neuropathy is managed via antidepressants, opioids, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) analogs, and topical agents such as capsaicin. Despite the availability of various treatment strategies, the percentage of patients achieving adequate pain relief remains low. Many factors contribute to this condition, such as lack of specificity and adverse effects such as light-headedness, languidness, and multiple daily doses. Therefore, nanotechnology outperforms in every aspect, providing several benefits compared to traditional therapy such as site-specific and targeted drug delivery. Nanotechnology is the branch of science that deals with the development of nanoscale materials and products, even smaller than 100 nm. Carriers can improve their efficacy with reduced side effects by incorporating drugs into the novel delivery systems. Thus, the utilization of nanotechnological approaches such as nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, lipid nanoparticles, gene therapy (siRNA and miRNA), and extracellular vesicles can extensively contribute to relieving neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anurag Kuhad
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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41
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Stauch CM, Fanburg-Smith JC, Walley KC, King JL, Murie B, Kim M, Koroneos Z, Waning D, Elfar JC, Aynardi MC. Animal model detects early pathologic changes of Charcot neuropathic arthropathy. Ann Diagn Pathol 2022; 56:151878. [PMID: 34953234 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2021.151878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Charcot neuropathic arthropathy is a degenerative, debilitating disease that affects the foot and ankle in patients with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy, often resulting in destruction, amputation. Proposed etiologies include neurotraumatic, inflammatory, and neurovascular. There has been no previous animal model for Charcot. This study proposes a novel rodent model of induced neuropathic arthropathy to understand the earliest progressive pathologic changes of human Charcot. High-fat-diet-induced obese (DIO) Wild-type C57BL/6J mice (n = 8, diabetic) and age-matched low-fat-diet controls (n = 6) were run on an inclined high-intensity treadmill protocol four times per week for 7 weeks to induce mechanical neurotrauma to the hind-paw, creating Charcot neuropathic arthropathy. Sensory function and radiologic correlation were assessed; animals were sacrificed to evaluate hindpaw soft tissue and joint pathology. With this model, Charcot-DIO mice reveals early pathologic features of Charcot neuropathic arthropathy, a distinctive subchondral microfracture callus, perichondral/subchondral osseous hypertrophy/osteosclerosis, that precedes fragmentation/destruction observed in human surgical pathology specimens. There is intraneural vacuolar-myxoid change and arteriolosclerosis. The DIO mice demonstrated significant hot plate sensory neuropathy compared (P < 0.01), radiographic collapse of the longitudinal arch in DIO mice (P < 0.001), and diminished bone density in DIO, compared with normal controls. Despite exercise, high-fat-DIO mice increased body weight and percentage of body fat (P < 0.001). This murine model of diet-induced obesity and peripheral neuropathy, combined with repetitive mechanical trauma, simulates the earliest changes observed in human Charcot neuropathic arthropathy, of vasculopathic-neuropathic etiology. An understanding of early pathophysiology may assist early diagnosis and intervention and reduce patient morbidity and mortality in Charcot neuropathic arthropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Stauch
- Penn State College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA, United States of America; Department of Orthopedics, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Julie C Fanburg-Smith
- Penn State College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA, United States of America; Department of Orthopedics, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA, United States of America; Department of Pathology, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA, United States of America.
| | - Kempland C Walley
- Department of Orthopedics, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Jesse L King
- Penn State College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA, United States of America; Department of Orthopedics, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Murie
- Department of Pathology, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Morgan Kim
- Department of Orthopedics, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Zachary Koroneos
- Department of Orthopedics, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - David Waning
- Department of Orthopedics, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - John C Elfar
- Penn State College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA, United States of America; Department of Orthopedics, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Michael C Aynardi
- Penn State College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA, United States of America; Department of Orthopedics, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey, PA, United States of America
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42
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Rosa AC, Nardini P, Sgambellone S, Gurrieri M, Spampinato SF, Dell’Accio A, Chazot PL, Obara I, Liu WL, Pini A. CNS-Sparing Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonist as a Candidate to Prevent the Diabetes-Associated Gastrointestinal Symptoms. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020184. [PMID: 35204685 PMCID: PMC8961615 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the histamine receptors, growing evidence points to the histamine H3 receptor as a pharmacological candidate to counteract the autonomic neuropathy associated with diabetes. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of PF00868087 (also known as ZPL-868), a CNS-sparing histamine H3 receptor antagonist, on the autonomic neuropathy of the intestinal tract associated with diabetes. Diabetes was induced in male BALB/c mice by a single high dose of streptozotocin (150 mg/kg). Colorectal specimens from control and diabetic mice, randomized to vehicle or PF0086087 (10, 30, 100 mg/kg/day by oral gavage for 14 days), were processed for morphological and immunohistochemical analysis. A significant overproduction of mucus in the intestinal mucosa of diabetic mice compared to the controls was observed. PF0086087 at the highest dose prevented mucin overproduction. The immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated that diabetes causes a decrease in the inhibitory component of enteric motility, measured as the percentage of neuronal nitric oxide synthase-positive neurons (p < 0.05) and a parallel increase in the excitatory component evaluated as substance P-positive fibres (p < 0.01). PF0086087 dose-dependently prevented these pathophysiological events. In conclusion, PF0086087 may be an essential tool in preventing nitrergic dysfunction in the myenteric plexus of the distal colon and diabetes-induced gastrointestinal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Carolina Rosa
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.C.R.); (A.P.); Tel.: +39-0116707955 (A.C.R.); +39-0552758155 (A.P.)
| | - Patrizia Nardini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (P.N.); (M.G.); (A.D.)
| | - Silvia Sgambellone
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Maura Gurrieri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (P.N.); (M.G.); (A.D.)
| | - Simona Federica Spampinato
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy;
| | - Alfonso Dell’Accio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (P.N.); (M.G.); (A.D.)
| | - Paul L Chazot
- School of Biological and Biomedical Science, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK;
| | - Ilona Obara
- School of Pharmacy and Translational and Clinical Research Institute, King George VI Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RU, UK;
| | - Wai L Liu
- Liu & Co Consulting Limited, Whitstable CT5 3RF, UK;
| | - Alessandro Pini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (P.N.); (M.G.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.C.R.); (A.P.); Tel.: +39-0116707955 (A.C.R.); +39-0552758155 (A.P.)
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Nakai-Shimoda H, Himeno T, Okawa T, Miura-Yura E, Sasajima S, Kato M, Yamada Y, Morishita Y, Tsunekawa S, Kato Y, Seino Y, Inoue R, Kondo M, Seino S, Naruse K, Kato K, Mizukami H, Nakamura J, Kamiya H. Kir6.2-deficient mice develop somatosensory dysfunction and axonal loss in the peripheral nerves. iScience 2022; 25:103609. [PMID: 35005553 PMCID: PMC8719014 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose-responsive ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) are expressed in a variety of tissues including nervous systems. The depolarization of the membrane potential induced by glucose may lead to hyperexcitability of neurons and induce excitotoxicity. However, the roles of KATP in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) are poorly understood. Here, we determine the roles of KATP in the PNS using KATP-deficient (Kir6.2-deficient) mice. We demonstrate that neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons was reduced by channel closers sulfonylureas. However, a channel opener diazoxide elongated the neurite. KATP subunits were expressed in mouse DRG, and expression of certain subunits including Kir6.2 was increased in diabetic mice. In Kir6.2-deficient mice, the current perception threshold, thermal perception threshold, and sensory nerve conduction velocity were impaired. Electron microscopy revealed a reduction of unmyelinated and small myelinated fibers in the sural nerves. In conclusion, KATP may contribute to the development of peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Nakai-Shimoda
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1185, Japan
| | - Tatsuhito Himeno
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1185, Japan.,Department of Innovative Diabetes Therapy, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1185, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Okawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Tajimi 507-8522, Japan
| | - Emiri Miura-Yura
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1185, Japan
| | - Sachiko Sasajima
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1185, Japan
| | - Makoto Kato
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1185, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yamada
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1185, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Morishita
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1185, Japan
| | - Shin Tsunekawa
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1185, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Kato
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1185, Japan
| | - Yusuke Seino
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan
| | - Rieko Inoue
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1185, Japan
| | - Masaki Kondo
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1185, Japan
| | - Susumu Seino
- Division of Molecular and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Keiko Naruse
- Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya 464-0821, Japan
| | - Koichi Kato
- Department of Medicine, Aichi Gakuin University School of Pharmacy, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
| | - Hiroki Mizukami
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan
| | - Jiro Nakamura
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1185, Japan.,Department of Innovative Diabetes Therapy, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1185, Japan
| | - Hideki Kamiya
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1185, Japan
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Yorek M. Treatment for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: What have we Learned from Animal Models? Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e040521193121. [PMID: 33949936 PMCID: PMC8965779 DOI: 10.2174/1573399817666210504101609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Animal models have been widely used to investigate the etiology and potential treatments for diabetic peripheral neuropathy. What we have learned from these studies and the extent to which this information has been adapted for the human condition will be the subject of this review article. METHODS A comprehensive search of the PubMed database was performed, and relevant articles on the topic were included in this review. RESULTS Extensive study of diabetic animal models has shown that the etiology of diabetic peripheral neuropathy is complex, with multiple mechanisms affecting neurons, Schwann cells, and the microvasculature, which contribute to the phenotypic nature of this most common complication of diabetes. Moreover, animal studies have demonstrated that the mechanisms related to peripheral neuropathy occurring in type 1 and type 2 diabetes are likely different, with hyperglycemia being the primary factor for neuropathology in type 1 diabetes, which contributes to a lesser extent in type 2 diabetes, whereas insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and other factors may have a greater role. Two of the earliest mechanisms described from animal studies as a cause for diabetic peripheral neuropathy were the activation of the aldose reductase pathway and increased non-enzymatic glycation. However, continuing research has identified numerous other potential factors that may contribute to diabetic peripheral neuropathy, including oxidative and inflammatory stress, dysregulation of protein kinase C and hexosamine pathways, and decreased neurotrophic support. In addition, recent studies have demonstrated that peripheral neuropathy-like symptoms are present in animal models, representing pre-diabetes in the absence of hyperglycemia. CONCLUSION This complexity complicates the successful treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and results in the poor outcome of translating successful treatments from animal studies to human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Yorek
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242 USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Iowa City Health Care System, Iowa City, IA, 52246 USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242 USA
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Leal-Julià M, Vilches JJ, Onieva A, Verdés S, Sánchez Á, Chillón M, Navarro X, Bosch A. Proteomic quantitative study of dorsal root ganglia and sciatic nerve in type 2 diabetic mice. Mol Metab 2022; 55:101408. [PMID: 34856394 PMCID: PMC8717603 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peripheral neuropathy is the most common and debilitating complication of type 2 diabetes, leading to sensory loss, dysautonomia, hyperalgesia, and spontaneous noxious sensations. Despite the clinical and economic burden of diabetic neuropathy, no effective treatment is available. More preclinical research must be conducted in order to gain further understanding of the aetiology of the disease and elucidate new therapeutic targets. METHODS The proteome of lumbar dorsal root ganglia and sciatic nerve of BKS-db/db mice, which contain a mutation of the leptin receptor and are an established type 2 diabetes model, was characterized for the first time by tandem mass tag labelling and mass spectrometry analysis. RESULTS Proteomic analysis showed differentially expressed proteins grouped into functional clusters in db/db peripheral nerves compared to control mice, underlining reduced glycolytic and TCA cycle metabolism, higher lipid catabolism, upregulation of muscle-like proteins in DRG and downregulation in SCN, increased cytoskeleton-related proteins, a mild dysregulation of folding chaperones, activation of acute-phase and inflammatory response, and alterations in glutathione metabolism and oxidative stress related proteins. CONCLUSIONS Our data validate previous transcriptomic and metabolomic results and uncover new pathways altered in diabetic neuropathy. Our results point out that energetic deficiency could represent the main mechanism of neurodegeneration observed in diabetic neuropathy. These findings may provide important information to select appropriate targets to develop new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Leal-Julià
- Institute of Neurosciences, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Unitat Mixta UAB-VHIR, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge J Vilches
- Institute of Neurosciences, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Onieva
- Institute of Neurosciences, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Unitat Mixta UAB-VHIR, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Verdés
- Institute of Neurosciences, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Unitat Mixta UAB-VHIR, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ángela Sánchez
- Institute of Neurosciences, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Unitat Mixta UAB-VHIR, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Chillón
- Institute of Neurosciences, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain; Unitat Mixta UAB-VHIR, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Institute of Neurosciences, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Assumpció Bosch
- Institute of Neurosciences, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain; Unitat Mixta UAB-VHIR, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.
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Balogh M, Janjic JM, Shepherd AJ. Targeting Neuroimmune Interactions in Diabetic Neuropathy with Nanomedicine. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:122-143. [PMID: 34416821 PMCID: PMC8823248 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Diabetes is a major source of neuropathy and neuropathic pain that is set to continue growing in prevalence. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and pain associated with diabetes are not adequately managed by current treatment regimens. Perhaps the greatest difficulty in treating DPN is the complex pathophysiology, which involves aspects of metabolic disruption and neurotrophic deficits, along with neuroimmune interactions. There is, therefore, an urgent need to pursue novel therapeutic options targeting the key cellular and molecular players. Recent Advances: To that end, cellular targeting becomes an increasingly compelling drug delivery option as our knowledge of neuroimmune interactions continues to mount. These nanomedicine-based approaches afford a potentially unparalleled specificity and longevity of drug targeting, using novel or established compounds, all while minimizing off-target effects. Critical Issues: The DPN therapeutics directly targeted at the nervous system make up the bulk of currently available treatment options. However, there are significant opportunities based on the targeting of non-neuronal cells and neuroimmune interactions in DPN. Future Directions: Nanomedicine-based agents represent an exciting opportunity for the treatment of DPN with the goals of improving the efficacy and safety profile of analgesia, as well as restoring peripheral neuroregenerative capacity. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 122-143.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihály Balogh
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jelena M Janjic
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew J Shepherd
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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47
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Savelieff MG, Noureldein MH, Feldman EL. Systems Biology to Address Unmet Medical Needs in Neurological Disorders. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2486:247-276. [PMID: 35437727 PMCID: PMC9446424 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2265-0_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Neurological diseases are highly prevalent and constitute a significant cause of mortality and disability. Neurological disorders encompass a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative conditions, broadly characterized by injury to the peripheral and/or central nervous system. Although the etiology of neurological diseases varies greatly, they share several characteristics, such as heterogeneity of clinical presentation, non-cell autonomous nature, and diversity of cellular, subcellular, and molecular pathways. Systems biology has emerged as a valuable platform for addressing the challenges of studying heterogeneous neurological diseases. Systems biology has manifold applications to address unmet medical needs for neurological illness, including integrating and correlating different large datasets covering the transcriptome, epigenome, proteome, and metabolome associated with a specific condition. This is particularly useful for disentangling the heterogeneity and complexity of neurological conditions. Hence, systems biology can help in uncovering pathophysiology to develop novel therapeutic targets and assessing the impact of known treatments on disease progression. Additionally, systems biology can identify early diagnostic biomarkers, to help diagnose neurological disease preceded by a long subclinical phase, as well as define the exposome, the collection of environmental toxicants that increase risk of certain neurological diseases. In addition to these current applications, there are numerous potential emergent uses, such as precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masha G Savelieff
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mohamed H Noureldein
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eva L Feldman
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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48
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Eid SA, Feldman EL. Advances in diet-induced rodent models of metabolically acquired peripheral neuropathy. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:273425. [PMID: 34762126 PMCID: PMC8592018 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a severe complication that affects over 30% of prediabetic and 60% of type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients. The metabolic syndrome is increasingly recognized as a major driver of PN. However, basic and translational research is needed to understand the mechanisms that contribute to nerve damage. Rodent models of diet-induced obesity, prediabetes, T2D and PN closely resemble the human disease and have proven to be instrumental for the study of PN mechanisms. In this Perspective article, we focus on the development, neurological characterization and dietary fat considerations of diet-induced rodent models of PN. We highlight the importance of investigating sex differences and discuss some of the challenges in translation from bench to bedside, including recapitulating the progressive nature of human PN and modeling neuropathic pain. We emphasize that future research should overcome these challenges in the quest to better mimic human PN in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie A Eid
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Eva L Feldman
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Cutaneous innervation in impaired diabetic wound healing. Transl Res 2021; 236:87-108. [PMID: 34029747 PMCID: PMC8380642 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is associated with several potential comorbidities, among them impaired wound healing, chronic ulcerations, and the requirement for lower extremity amputation. Disease-associated abnormal cellular responses, infection, immunological and microvascular dysfunction, and peripheral neuropathy are implicated in the pathogenesis of the wound healing impairment and the diabetic foot ulcer. The skin houses a dense network of sensory nerve afferents and nerve-derived modulators, which communicate with epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts bidirectionally to effect normal wound healing after trauma. However, the mechanisms through which cutaneous innervation modulates wound healing are poorly understood, especially in humans. Better understanding of these mechanisms may provide the basis for targeted treatments for chronic diabetic wounds. This review provides an overview of wound healing pathophysiology with a focus on neural involvement in normal and diabetic wound healing, as well as future therapeutic perspectives to address the unmet needs of diabetic patients with chronic wounds.
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50
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Tian J, Song T, Wang H, Wang W, Ma X, Hu Y. Toll-Like Receptor 2 Antagonist Ameliorates Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Associated Neuropathic Pain by Repolarizing Pro-inflammatory Macrophages. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:2276-2284. [PMID: 34081245 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03365-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy is one of the common complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with severe outcomes. The mechanisms of physiopathology of diabetic neuropathy are not well elucidated. Inflammation and inflammatory macrophages are recognized to be crucial in diabetic neuropathy. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is an important factor in innate immune response which could promote the polarization of inflammatory macrophages. In present study, we evaluated the effects of a TLR2 antagonist CU-CPT22 on diabetic neuropathy. We induced T2DM in mice by feeding with high fat diet (HFD). We measured the body weight, blood glucose level, paw withdrawal threshold, inflammatory cytokine production, and macrophages infiltration in T2DM mice. We evaluated the effects of CU-CPT22 on pro-inflammatory cytokines production, macrophage marker expression in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-treated BMDMs. We administrated CU-CPT22 in T2DM mice and measured the pro-inflammatory cytokines levels, expression of macrophages markers in sciatic nerve (SCN), and paw withdrawal threshold. T2DM mice had significantly increased body weight and blood glucose, and had significantly decreased paw withdrawal threshold. Obvious increased pro-inflammatory cytokine level and infiltration of M1 phenotype macrophages was observed in SCN from T2DM mice. CU-CPT22 prevented pro-inflammatory cytokine production in LPS-treated BMDMs and re-polarized them to M2 phenotype. CU-CPT22 suppressed the inflammation and induced M2 macrophages in SCN from T2DM mice, and ameliorated the paw withdrawal threshold in T2DM mice. CU-CPT22 ameliorates neuropathic pain in T2DM by promoting M2 phenotype macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tieying Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenli Wang
- Department of Gynaecology, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Gynecology, Shijiazhuang First Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
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