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Saeed Q, Ahmad F, Yousaf N, Ali H, Tirmazi SAAS, Alshammari A, Kausar N, Ahmed M, Imran M, Jamshed M, Alharbi M, Muddassar M. In Silico and In Vivo Evaluation of Synthesized SCP-2 Inhibiting Compounds on Life Table Parameters of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner). INSECTS 2022; 13:1169. [PMID: 36555079 PMCID: PMC9782802 DOI: 10.3390/insects13121169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
For environment-friendly, safe and nonpersistent chemical control of a significant polyphagous insect pest, Helicoverpa armigera, discovery of growth-regulating xenobiotics can offer a sustainable alternative to conventional insecticides. For this purpose, chemically synthesized compounds to inhibit sterol carrier protein (SCP-2) function using in silico and in vivo assays were evaluated to estimate their impact on the survivals and lifetable indices of H. armigera. From nine chemically synthesized compounds, OA-02, OA-06 and OA-09 were selected for this study based on binding poses mimicking cholesterol, a natural substrate of sterol carrier protein and molecular dynamics simulations. In vivo bioassays revealed that all compounds significantly reduced the larval and pupal weight accumulations and stadia lengths. Subsequently, the pupal periods were prolonged upon treatment with higher doses of the selected compounds. Moreover, OA-09 significantly reduced pupation and adult emergence rates as well as the fertility of female moths; however, fecundity remained unaffected, in general. The life table parameters of H. armigera were significantly reduced when treated with OA-09 at higher doses. The population treated with 450 μM of OA-09 had the least net reproductive rates (Ro) and gross reproductive rate (GRR) compared to the control population. The same compound resulted in a declining survival during the early stages of development coupled with reduced larval and pupal durations, and fertility. These results have a significant implication for developing an effective and sustainable chemical treatment against H. armigera infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qamar Saeed
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Faheem Ahmad
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Numan Yousaf
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Haider Ali
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | | | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Ryadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naeema Kausar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Mahmood Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, College Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- KAM-School of Life Sciences, FC College (A Chartered University), Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jamshed
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Ryadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Muddassar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
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Carpane PD, Llebaria M, Nascimento AF, Vivan L. Feeding injury of major lepidopteran soybean pests in South America. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271084. [PMID: 36520803 PMCID: PMC9754201 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lepidopteran pests are major factors limiting soybean productivity in South America. In some cases, effective management of these species requires the use of foliar insecticides. For sustainable use of these insecticides, they should only be applied when insect population size exceeds an economic threshold. Since this estimation requires to determine the consumption of different species, this work aimed to integrate all these factors, studying the consumption of small (less than 1 cm long) and medium (1 to 1.5 cm long) size larvae of major lepidopteran pests to vegetative and reproductive tissues on Bt (M7739IPRO variety, containing the event MON87701 which expresses the Cry1Ac protein from Bacillus thuringiensis) and non-Bt (BMX Desafio RR variety) soybeans. The feeding injury to vegetative tissues was tested in detached-leaf assays in grow chambers, and for reproductive structures the study was conducted in greenhouse with infestations at early (flowering) and mid reproductive (mid grain filling) stages. Based on the feeding behavior of the species tested, they were cast in four groups: a) Anticarsia gemmatalis and Chrysodeixis includens, defoliating only the RR variety with the lowest consumption of foliar area; b) Spodoptera eridania, defoliating both RR and IPRO varieties, consuming twice than the species mentioned above; c) Helicoverpa armigera, defoliating and being the most damaging species to pods in the RR variety; and d) S. cosmioides and S. frugiperda, defoliating and damaging pods in both varieties. The species differed in their ability to feed on IPRO varieties, so a different economic threshold should be considered. Consequently, in cases where more than one species are found simultaneously, the species composition should be considered in estimating the economic threshold. Additionally, our findings may contribute to a better decision-making to control insect feeding injury in IPRO varieties, because a slower larval growth provides more time to ensure the need of control with insecticides. In summary, this clasification contributes to an improved recommendation of sustainable insecticide use, taking into account the behavior of each species that are major soybeans pests in South America.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lucía Vivan
- Fundação Mato Grosso, Rondonópolis, MT, Brazil
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Pinheiro DH, Valicente FH. Identification of Bacillus thuringiensis Strains for the Management of Lepidopteran Pests. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 50:804-811. [PMID: 34398398 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-021-00896-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-based bioinsecticides and transgenic plants expressing proteins with insecticidal activity (Cry and Vip) have been successfully used in several integrated pest management programs worldwide. Lepidoptera comprise some of the most economically important insect pests of the major agricultural crops. In this study, the toxicity of 150 Bt strains was evaluated against Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) larvae. Eight strains (426, 520B, 1636, 1641, 1644, 1648, 1657 and 1658) showed high insecticide activity against H. armigera and were therefore tested against Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner), Spodoptera cosmioides (Walker), Chrysodeixis includens (Walker), and Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) larvae. Our results showed that most of the Bt strains were also toxic to these lepidopteran species. The biochemical and molecular analyses of these strains revealed that they had a similar protein profile; however, their cry and vip gene contents were variable. In addition, the median lethal concentration (LC50) of the selected strains indicated that the strains 1636, 1641, and 1658 were the most effective against H. armigera, showing LC50 values of 185.02, 159.44, and 192.98 ng/cm2, respectively. Our results suggest that the selected Bt strains have great potential to control the lepidopteran pests H. armigera, A. gemmatalis, D. saccharalis, S. cosmioides, and C. includes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Heloísa Pinheiro
- Embrapa Maize and Sorghum, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Michereff-Filho M, Fonseca MEN, Boiteux LS, Torres JB, Silva KFADS, Specht A. Helicoverpa armigera Harm 1 Haplotype Predominates in the Heliothinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Complex Infesting Tomato Crops in Brazil. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 50:258-268. [PMID: 33666863 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-020-00845-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a natural host for the Helicoverpa-Chloridea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Heliothinae) pest complex. The species Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) was responsible for significant yield losses in several crops after its detection in Brazil. The morphology of its larval stage resembles common Heliothinae species, making pest control decisions difficult. The overall lack of studies on the Heliothinae associated with tomatoes in Brazil and the establishment of H. armigera in the country plus their recent outbreaks supported our investigation about the relative importance of the insects from the Helicoverpa-Chloridea complex in this vegetable crop. A nationwide survey was carried out across fresh-market and processing tomato fields. Molecular analyses targeting a segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) gene and their sequence analyses indicated the presence of a pest complex, comprising the introduced species H. armigera and the indigenous species, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and Chloridea virescens (Fabricius). The Harm 1 haplotype of H. armigera was identified as the predominant Heliothinae pest infesting fresh-market tomatoes. The New World species Chloridea subflexa (Guenée) as well as the exotic Solanaceae-specific species Helicoverpa assulta (Guenée) were not found in our survey. Additional larvae surveys in processing tomato fields during 2013/2014 in Central Brazil also indicated H. armigera as the most abundant Heliothinae species (95%) together with H. zea (4.75%) and C. virescens (0.25%). The occurrence of distinct Helicoverpa species (which are potentially capable of interbreeding) indicates that novel crop management strategies will be necessary in order to minimize damages caused by this pest complex in tomatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leonardo Silva Boiteux
- Lab de Melhoramento Genético & Análise Genômica, Embrapa Hortaliças, Gama, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Jorge Braz Torres
- Depto de Agronomia-Entomologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Karla Fernanda Ayres de Souza Silva
- Lab de Entomologia, Embrapa Hortaliças, Gama, DF, Brazil
- Depto de Agronomia-Entomologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Walsh TK, Perera O, Anderson C, Gordon K, Czepak C, McGaughran A, Zwick A, Hackett D, Tay WT. Mitochondrial DNA genomes of five major Helicoverpa pest species from the Old and New Worlds (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Ecol Evol 2019; 9:2933-2944. [PMID: 30891227 PMCID: PMC6405535 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Five species of noctuid moths, Helicoverpa armigera, H. punctigera, H. assulta, H. zea, and H. gelotopoeon, are major agricultural pests inhabiting various and often overlapping global distributions. Visual identification of these species requires a great deal of expertise and misidentification can have repercussions for pest management and agricultural biosecurity. Here, we report on the complete mitochondrial genomes of H. assulta assulta and H. assulta afra, H. gelotopoeon, H. punctigera, H. zea, and H. armigera armigera and H. armigera conferta' assembled from high-throughput sequencing data. This study significantly increases the mitogenome resources for these five agricultural pests with sequences assembled from across different continents, including an H. armigera individual collected from an invasive population in Brazil. We infer the phylogenetic relationships of these five Helicoverpa species based on the 13 mitochondrial DNA protein-coding genes (PCG's) and show that two publicly available mitogenomes of H. assulta (KP015198 and KR149448) have been misidentified or incorrectly assembled. We further consolidate existing PCR-RFLP methods to cover all five Helicoverpa pest species, providing an updated method that will contribute to species differentiation and to future monitoring efforts of Helicoverpa pest species across different continents. We discuss the value of Helicoverpa mitogenomes to assist with species identification in view of the context of the rapid spread of H. armigera in the New World. With this work, we provide the molecular resources necessary for future studies of the evolutionary history and ecology of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom K. Walsh
- CSIROBlack Mountain LaboratoriesCanberraACTAustralia
| | - Omaththage Perera
- USDA‐ARS Southern Insect Management Research UnitStonevilleMississippi
| | - Craig Anderson
- CSIROBlack Mountain LaboratoriesCanberraACTAustralia
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General HospitalUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Karl Gordon
- CSIROBlack Mountain LaboratoriesCanberraACTAustralia
| | - Cecilia Czepak
- Escola de AgronomiaUniversidade Federal de GoiásGoiâniaBrazil
| | - Angela McGaughran
- CSIROBlack Mountain LaboratoriesCanberraACTAustralia
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of BiologyAustralian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia
| | - Andreas Zwick
- CSIROBlack Mountain LaboratoriesCanberraACTAustralia
| | | | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIROBlack Mountain LaboratoriesCanberraACTAustralia
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6
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Otim MH, Tay WT, Walsh TK, Kanyesigye D, Adumo S, Abongosi J, Ochen S, Sserumaga J, Alibu S, Abalo G, Asea G, Agona A. Detection of sister-species in invasive populations of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Uganda. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194571. [PMID: 29614067 PMCID: PMC5882101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) is a species native to the Americas. This polyphagous lepidopteran pest was first reported in Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Principe in 2016, but its presence in eastern Africa has not been confirmed via molecular characterisation. In this study, FAW specimens from western and central Uganda were identified based on the partial mtDNA COI gene sequences, with mtDNA COI haplotypes matching those identified in Nigeria and São Tomé. In this study, we sequence an additional partial mtDNA Cyt b gene and also the partial mtDNA COIII gene in Ugandan FAW samples. We detected identical mitochondrial DNA haplotypes for both the mtDNA Cyt b and COI partial genes, while combining the mtDNA COI/Cyt b haplotypes and mtDNA COIII haplotypes enabled a new maternal lineage in the Ugandan corn-preferred FAW samples to be identified. Our results suggested that the African incursions of S. frugiperda involved at least three maternal lineages. Recent full genome, phylogenetic and microsatellite analyses provided evidence to support S. frugiperda as likely consisted of two sympatric sister species known as the corn-preferred and rice-preferred strains. In our Ugandan FAW populations, we identified the presence of mtDNA haplotypes representative of both sister species. It is not known if both FAW sister species were originally introduced together or separately, and whether they have since spread as a single population. Further analyses of additional specimens originally collected from São Tomé, Nigeria and throughout Africa would be required to clarify this issue. Importantly, our finding showed that the genetic diversity of the African corn-preferred FAW species is higher than previously reported. This potentially contributed to the success of FAW establishment in Africa. Furthermore, with the additional maternal lineages detected, there is likely an increase in paternal lineages, thereby increasing the diversity of the African FAW population. Knowledge of the FAW genetic diversity will be needed to assess the risks of introducing Bt-resistance traits and to understand the FAW incursion pathways into the Old World and its potential onward spread. The agricultural implications of the presence of two evolutionary divergent FAW lineages (the corn and the rice lineage) in the African continent are further considered and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H. Otim
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Canberra, Australia
| | - Thomas K. Walsh
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Canberra, Australia
| | - Dalton Kanyesigye
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Stella Adumo
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Joseph Abongosi
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Stephen Ochen
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Julius Sserumaga
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Simon Alibu
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Grace Abalo
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Godfrey Asea
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ambrose Agona
- National Agricultural Research Organization, Entebbe, Uganda
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Herrero MI, Fogliata SV, Vera A, Casmuz A, Sosa Gómez D, Castagnaro AP, Gastaminza G, Murúa MG. Biological characterization and mating compatibility of Helicoverpa gelotopoeon (D.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) populations from different regions in Argentina. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2018; 108:108-115. [PMID: 28651661 DOI: 10.1017/s000748531700058x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Helicoverpa gelotopoeon, the South American bollworm, is a polyphagous pest of the Heliothinae complex that causes damage to soybean, cotton, and chickpea crops. Some species within this complex have developed resistance to genetically modified crops and insecticides, which has led to increased interest in their genetic diversity and population structure. The objective of this study was to characterize biological and reproductive parameters of two populations of H. gelotopoeon collected in two different provinces of Argentina. Intra- and inter-population crosses revealed that H. gelotopoeon populations from both regions of Argentina did not present evidence of pre-zygotic and post-zygotic incompatibility, suggesting that Tucumán and Córdoba populations of H. gelotopoeon belong to a single wide-ranging species. Our data support the occurrence of substantial gene flow between H. gelotopoeon populations, probably due to the widely documented, long-range migratory capacity of Heliothinae species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Herrero
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (ITANOA-EEAOC-CONICET),Las Talitas 4001, Tucumán,Argentina
| | - S V Fogliata
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (ITANOA-EEAOC-CONICET),Las Talitas 4001, Tucumán,Argentina
| | - A Vera
- EEAOC,Las Talitas 4001, Tucumán,Argentina
| | - A Casmuz
- EEAOC,Las Talitas 4001, Tucumán,Argentina
| | - D Sosa Gómez
- EMBRAPA Soja, Rodovia João Strass, S/N, Acesso Orlando Amaral,CP 231, Londrina, PR 86001-970,Brazil
| | - A P Castagnaro
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (ITANOA-EEAOC-CONICET),Las Talitas 4001, Tucumán,Argentina
| | | | - M G Murúa
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (ITANOA-EEAOC-CONICET),Las Talitas 4001, Tucumán,Argentina
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Balbi EI, Flores FM, Tosto DS, Arneodo JD. Further Description of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Male Genitalia and New Genetic Evidence of Synonymy With Respect to the Anomalous Form, "Heliothis stombleri". JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2017; 17:3852624. [PMID: 28973573 PMCID: PMC5779310 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iex049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Helicoverpa/Heliothis complex can cause serious damage to agricultural crops. Phenotypic similarity makes it difficult to discriminate between closely related Helicoverpa species. Currently, morphology of the male genitalia complemented with molecular techniques constitutes the best approach for species identification. In this work, a broad microscopic examination of adult Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) males (n = 200) captured in central Argentina was carried out in order to provide a detailed description of the valvae and the phallus. A considerable degree of variability was recorded. Both rounded and sharp valve apices were observed and valvae were not always parallel-sided. Most evident differences were detected concerning the number of cornuti on the phallus. A range of 15-21 cornuti per phallus was recorded, the mode being 18. A significant minority of the samples (3.5%) displayed an abnormal genital condition showing a constricted phallus lacking cornuti, and pointed valvae. This form was initially attributed to a distinct species, Heliothis stombleri, and later proposed as a synonym of H. zea based on additional morphological observations and molecular studies. Here, a phylogenetic analysis combining mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase subunit I) and nuclear (elongation factor -1 alpha) genes was performed on these and other Helicoverpa specimens collected in the same geographical region, in order to further verify the taxonomic status of H. stombleri. The tree topology clearly grouped H. stombleri with H. zea, supporting the assumption that the former represents, in fact, an anomalous form of the latter. Further experiments are needed to clarify the etiology of this anomaly and its persistence over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia I. Balbi
- EEA-INTA Marcos Juárez, Ruta 12 km 3, 2580 Marcos Juárez, Argentina
(;
)
| | - Fernando M. Flores
- EEA-INTA Marcos Juárez, Ruta 12 km 3, 2580 Marcos Juárez, Argentina
(;
)
| | - Daniela S. Tosto
- Instituto de Biotecnología (IB)-INTA, Nicolás Repetto y de los Reseros, 1686
Hurlingham, Argentina ()
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ave.
Rivadavia 1917, 1033 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Joel D. Arneodo
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ave.
Rivadavia 1917, 1033 Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola (IMyZA) – INTA, Nicolás
Repetto y de los Reseros, 1686 Hurlingham, Argentina
()
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Nagoshi RN, Gilligan TM, Brambila J. Combining Tpi and CO1 Genetic Markers to Discriminate Invasive Helicoverpa armigera From Local Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Populations in the Southeastern United States. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 109:2115-2124. [PMID: 27551148 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tow177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The recent establishment of the Old World pest Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) into South America has had significant economic consequences and places the rest of the hemisphere at risk, emphasizing the need for improved methods of monitoring. A major complication is that a sibling species endemic to the New World, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), is morphologically very similar, with the two species capable of producing fertile hybrids in the laboratory. The consequences of such hybridization in the field are uncertain, but could result in significant and unpredictable changes in the timing, range, and pesticide susceptibilities of Helicoverpa infestations. The objective here is to provide new genetic resources applicable to Helicoverpa populations in northern Florida and neighboring states (a region at risk for H. armigera) that can distinguish the two species and possible hybrids. The genetic variability in segments of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) and the Z-linked triosephosphate isomerase (Tpi) genes were determined for H. zea from the southeastern United States. These were compared to DNA sequences from H. armigera specimens from Morocco, Australia, and Europe. Phylogenetic network analysis showed a clear demarcation between the two species for all gene segments. These results extend earlier studies establishing CO1 as marker for discriminating the Helicoverpa species complex and introduce a new sex-linked genomic marker. The CO1 and Tpi markers in combination provide a more accurate and sensitive method than existing techniques for identifying hybridization between H. zea and H. armigera and could potentially be used to extrapolate the likely source of invasive H. armigera populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney N Nagoshi
- Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, USDA-ARS, Gainesville, FL 32608
| | - Todd M Gilligan
- Identification Technology Program, USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T, 2301 Research Blvd., Fort Collins, CO 80526
| | - Julieta Brambila
- Regional Domestic Identifier, Entomology, USDA-APHIS-PPQ, 1911 SW 34th St., Gainesville, FL 32608
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Murúa MG, Cazado LE, Casmuz A, Herrero MI, Villagrán ME, Vera A, Sosa-Gómez DR, Gastaminza G. Species From the Heliothinae Complex (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Tucumán, Argentina, an Update of Geographical Distribution of Helicoverpa armigera. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2016; 16:61. [PMID: 27324588 PMCID: PMC4913451 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iew052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Heliothinae complex in Argentina encompasses Helicoverpa gelotopoeon (Dyar), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), and Chloridea virescens (Fabricius). In Tucumán, the native species H. gelotopoeon is one of the most voracious soybean pests and also affects cotton and chickpea, even more in soybean-chickpea succession cropping systems. Differentiation of the Heliothinae complex in the egg, larva, and pupa stages is difficult. Therefore, the observation of the adult wing pattern design and male genitalia is useful to differentiate species. The objective of this study was to identify the species of the Heliothinae complex, determine population fluctuations of the Heliothinae complex in soybean and chickpea crops using male moths collected in pheromone traps in Tucuman province, and update the geographical distribution of H. armigera in Argentina. The species found were H. gelotopoeon, H. armigera, H. zea, and C. virescens. Regardless of province, county, crop, and year, the predominant species was H. gelotopoeon Considering the population dynamics of H. gelotopoeon and H. armigera in chickpea and soybean crops, H. gelotopoeon was the most abundant species in both crops, in all years sampled, and the differences registered were significant. On the other hand, according to the Sistema Nacional Argentino de Vigilancia y Monitoreo de Plagas (SINAVIMO) database and our collections, H. armigera was recorded in eight provinces and 20 counties of Argentina, and its larvae were found on soybean, chickpea, sunflower crops and spiny plumeless thistle (Carduus acanthoides). This is the first report of H. armigera in sunflower and spiny plumeless thistle in Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gabriela Murúa
- Sección Zoología Agrícola, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA), Las Talitas (T4104AUD), Tucumán, Argentina (; ; ; ; ; ; ),
| | - Lucas E Cazado
- Sección Zoología Agrícola, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA), Las Talitas (T4104AUD), Tucumán, Argentina (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Augusto Casmuz
- Sección Zoología Agrícola, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA), Las Talitas (T4104AUD), Tucumán, Argentina (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - M Inés Herrero
- Sección Zoología Agrícola, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA), Las Talitas (T4104AUD), Tucumán, Argentina (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - M Elvira Villagrán
- Sección Zoología Agrícola, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA), Las Talitas (T4104AUD), Tucumán, Argentina (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Alejandro Vera
- Sección Zoología Agrícola, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA), Las Talitas (T4104AUD), Tucumán, Argentina (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Daniel R Sosa-Gómez
- EMBRAPA Soja, Rodovia João Strass, S/N, Acesso Orlando Amaral, CP 231, Londrina, PR 86001-970, Brazil
| | - Gerardo Gastaminza
- Sección Zoología Agrícola, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA), Las Talitas (T4104AUD), Tucumán, Argentina (; ; ; ; ; ; )
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11
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Blanco CA, Chiaravalle W, Dalla-Rizza M, Farias JR, García-Degano MF, Gastaminza G, Mota-Sánchez D, Murúa MG, Omoto C, Pieralisi BK, Rodríguez J, Rodríguez-Maciel JC, Terán-Santofimio H, Terán-Vargas AP, Valencia SJ, Willink E. Current situation of pests targeted by Bt crops in Latin America. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2016; 15:131-138. [PMID: 27436743 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis- (Bt) insecticidal proteins (Bt crops) have provided useful pest management tools to growers for the past 20 years. Planting Bt crops has reduced the use of synthetic insecticides on cotton, maize and soybean fields in 11 countries throughout Latin America. One of the threats that could jeopardize the sustainability of Bt crops is the development of resistance by targeted pests. Governments of many countries require vigilance in measuring changes in Bt-susceptibility in order to proactively implement corrective measures before Bt-resistance is widespread, thus prolonging the usefulness of Bt crops. A pragmatic approach to obtain information on the effectiveness of Bt-crops is directly asking growers, crop consultants and academics about Bt-resistance problems in agricultural fields, first-hand information that not necessarily relies on susceptibility screens performed in laboratories. This type of information is presented in this report. Problematic pests of cotton and soybeans in five Latin American countries currently are effectively controlled by Bt crops. Growers that plant conventional (non-Bt) cotton or soybeans have to spray synthetic insecticides against multiple pests that otherwise are controlled by these Bt crops. A similar situation has been observed in six Latin American countries where Bt maize is planted. No synthetic insecticide applications are used to control corn pests because they are controlled by Bt maize, with the exception of Spodoptera frugiperda. While this insect in some countries is still effectively controlled by Bt maize, in others resistance has evolved and necessitates supplemental insecticide applications and/or the use of Bt maize cultivars that express multiple Bt proteins. Partial control of S. frugiperda in certain countries is due to its natural tolerance to the Bt bacterium. Of the 31 pests targeted and controlled by Bt crops in Latin America, only S. frugiperda has shown tolerance to certain Bt proteins in growers' fields, the most reliable indication of the status of Bt-susceptibility in most of the American continent.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Blanco
- University of New Mexico, 544 Jurgensen Place, Landover, MD, USA.
| | | | | | - J R Farias
- Instituto Phytus, 2319 Duque de Caxias Street, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - M F García-Degano
- EEAOC-CONICET-ITANOA, Sección Zoología Agrícola William Cross 3150, Las Talitas, 4101 Tucumán, Argentina
| | - G Gastaminza
- EEAOC-CONICET-ITANOA, Sección Zoología Agrícola William Cross 3150, Las Talitas, 4101 Tucumán, Argentina
| | - D Mota-Sánchez
- Michigan State University, Department of Entomology, 1129 Farm Lane, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - M G Murúa
- EEAOC-CONICET-ITANOA, Sección Zoología Agrícola William Cross 3150, Las Talitas, 4101 Tucumán, Argentina
| | - C Omoto
- University of São Paulo, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture (ESALQ), 11 Pádua Dias Av., Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - J Rodríguez
- Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, Km 17, Cali, Colombia
| | | | | | - A P Terán-Vargas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Cuauhtémoc, Tamps, Mexico
| | - S J Valencia
- Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, Km 17, Cali, Colombia
| | - E Willink
- EEAOC-CONICET-ITANOA, Sección Zoología Agrícola William Cross 3150, Las Talitas, 4101 Tucumán, Argentina
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12
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Ferrelli ML, Taibo C, Fichetti P, Sciocco-Cap A, Arneodo JD. Characterization of a new Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus variant causing epizootic on a previously unreported host, Helicoverpa gelotopoeon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J Invertebr Pathol 2015; 138:89-93. [PMID: 26296927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports the first biological and molecular characterization of a nucleopolyhedrovirus isolated from the soybean and cotton pest Helicoverpa gelotopoeon. Studies were performed following a virus outbreak in a rearing facility and in wild H. gelotopoeon populations in Córdoba, Argentina. Host identity was corroborated by partial sequencing of the COI gene. Scanning electron microscope observations of purified OBs revealed their polyhedral morphology and an average diameter of 0.89±0.14μm. Ultrathin sections of infected larvae examined by transmission electron microscopy showed the intranuclear occurrence of polyhedra and virus particles in fat body cells. Nucleocapsids were singly enveloped. Phylogenetic analysis of lef-8, lef-9, polh, orf5/5b and hr3-orf62 viral sequences identified this new NPV isolate (hereafter HegeSNPV) as a variant of Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV). Furthermore, HegeSNPV was closely related to the so-called "HzSNPV Group" within HearNPV, although having particular characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Ferrelli
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - C Taibo
- Servicio de Microscopía, CICVyA-INTA, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - P Fichetti
- Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - A Sciocco-Cap
- Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola, CICVyA-INTA, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - J D Arneodo
- Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola, CICVyA-INTA, Hurlingham, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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